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Objective: This article presents primary outcomes from the Community Study of Outcome Monitoring for Emotional Disorders in Teens, a two-site, randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of the Unified Protocols for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents plus measurement-based care (UP-A), measurement-based care alone (TAU+), and treatment as usual (TAU) in community mental health clinics. Method: A total of 174 clinicians were randomized to implement TAU (n = 49), TAU plus an MBC measure (TAU+; n = 63), or UP-A plus MBC (UP-A; n = 62). In addition, 196 adolescents were randomized to receive 16 weeks of either TAU (n = 68), TAU+ (n = 60), or UP-A (n = 68). Independent evaluator-, self-, and caregiver-reported adolescent anxiety and depression symptoms were measured at baseline and Weeks 8, 16, and 28 postenrollment. Results: Adolescents in all groups showed improvement over time, and compared with TAU, adolescents receiving TAU+ and UP-A conditions improved more quickly on adolescent-report measures only. There were no treatment group differences observed on independent evaluator (primary outcome) or caregiver-report measures. In post hoc analyses, moderators of treatment response included treatment duration and complexity of symptom presentation. Conclusions: In one of the largest adolescent-focused, community-located psychotherapy trials conducted in the United States, transdiagnostic treatment plus measurement-based care and measurement-based care alone conferred some adolescent-reported symptom benefits compared with treatment as usual, although adolescents in all conditions exhibited improvements in anxiety and depression. Future directions for subsequent adolescent psychotherapy effectiveness trials for anxiety and depression are discussed. What is the public health significance of this article?: This article presents the primary outcomes of one of the largest randomized effectiveness trials to date for adolescents with emotional disorders treated within community mental health clinics in the United States. Adolescents receiving transdiagnostic emotion-focused treatment plus measurement-based care, measurement-based care alone, and treatment as usual exhibited comparable improvements in anxiety and depression symptoms, although results, based only on adolescent reports, suggest that transdiagnostic treatment plus measurement-based care and measurement-based care alone may confer some secondary symptom relief benefits in community mental health clinics compared with treatment as usual alone. Findings are used to inform future directions for improving the accessibility, implementation, and effectiveness of evidence-based treatments for adolescent emotional disorders in community clinics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Psychological stress induces emotional disorder behaviors and amygdala myelin damage. • Amygdala demyelination mediates psychological stress–induced depressive behaviors. • Psychological stress induces activation of microglia and NLRP3 inflammasome in the amygdala. • P2X7R/NLRP3 cascade activation partially contributes to amygdala myelin damage in response to psychological stress. Psychological stress can lead to emotional disorders, such as anxiety and depression; however, the underlying mechanisms are complicated and remain unclear. In this study, we established a mouse psychological stress model using an improved communication box, in which the psychologically stressed mice received visual, auditory, and olfactory emotional stimuli from the mice receiving electric foot shock, thus avoiding physical stress interference. After the 14-day psychological stress paradigm, our mice exhibited a significant increase in depressive and anxious behaviors. We then performed proteomic liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for proteomic data analysis of the amygdala, and the results demonstrated that differentially expressed proteins were more enriched in myelin-related biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions, indicating a correlation between psychological stress–induced emotional disorders and amygdala myelin damage. Molecular and morphological evidence further confirmed that psychological stress damages myelin ultrastructure, downregulated myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein expression, and reduced oligodendrocyte proliferation in the amygdala. Moreover, clemastine, an antimuscarinic and antihistaminic compound that has been shown to enhance oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination, rescued depressive behaviors accompanied by increased oligodendrogenesis. In the amygdala, psychological stress was also noted to activate microglia and increase the levels of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor α, as indicated by ELISA and Western blot analyses. Moreover, in stressed mice, the administration of Brilliant Blue G, a purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7R) antagonist, completely reversed the increases in NLRP3 and cleaved caspase-1 levels and partially prevented amygdala myelin damage. In conclusion, amygdala demyelination may mediate psychological stress–induced emotional disorders, and P2X7R/NLRP3 cascade activation partially contributes to amygdala myelin damage after psychological stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Rapid symptom relief is crucial for individuals with emotional disorders. The current study aimed to determine whether facilitator-supported mindfulness-based self-help (MBSH) intervention as an adjunctive treatment could provide rapid improvement for individuals with emotional disorders. Methods: A practice-oriented randomized controlled trial was conducted on a sample of 302 patients with emotional disorders from four centers. Participants were randomly assigned to either MBSH+TAU (treatment as usual; n = 152) or TAU-only group (n = 150). Assessments were conducted at baseline, week 3, week 5, immediately after intervention and at a 3-month follow-up. Primary outcomes included self-reported and clinician-reported anxiety and depression symptoms. Secondary outcomes included mindfulness, physical symptoms, perceived stress, sleep quality, and inner peace. Results: The MBSH+TAU group achieved significantly greater improvements in all primary and secondary outcome measures as compared with TAU-only immediately after intervention (Cohen’s d = 0.19–0.51). In addition, relatively greater improvements were observed in self-reported depression, mindfulness, physical symptoms, perceived stress, and inner peace as early as week 3 or 5, which were sustained at the 3-month follow-up (Cohen’s d = 0.20–0.34). Conclusions: Facilitator-supported MBSH offers a scalable and effective adjunctive treatment option for patients with emotional disorders in clinical practice, facilitating rapid improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The Chinese UP-A was feasible with high attendance rates and satisfaction. • The efficacy of UP-A was verified in multi-dimensions up to 3-month follow-up. • Baseline disorder severity and resilience predicted better treatment outcomes. • Predictors revealed UP-A's advantages on transdiagnostic emotional disorders. Currently, there is a lack of cost-effective and accessible intervention resources for Chinese adolescents with emotional disorders. The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents (UP-A), which aims to apply transdiagnostic treatment principles to target core dysfunctions across a range of emotional disorders with a single protocol, could fill this gap. We first modified the UP-A for use in the Chinese cultural context and then assessed its feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy using a single-arm design. Twenty-four Chinese adolescents (14.1 ± 1.2 years old) with emotional disorders completed a 12-week group UP-A intervention along with their parents. Multiple outcomes were evaluated at five time points: pretreatment (T1), week 4 (T2), week 8 (T3), posttreatment (T4), and 3-month follow-up (T5). The results showed a low dropout rate (16.7%), high attendance (at 10.2 ± 1.6 sessions in adolescents and 10.7 ± 2.0 sessions in parents), and sufficient participant satisfaction. Adolescents exhibited significant decreases in emotional disorder severity (g = −1.298 to −1.341) and emotional symptoms (g = −0.440 to −1.988) and significant improvements in emotion regulation (ER) strategies, resilience, functional outcomes, and executive function. The efficacy of the intervention was significant starting at T2 and was maintained at T4 and T5. Exploratory analyses revealed that predictors of treatment outcomes included the presence of multiple comorbidities, the severity of emotional disorders, adaptive ER strategies, and resilience at T1. This study demonstrated the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the Chinese version of the UP-A, and future randomized controlled trials are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background Method Results Conclusion The transdiagnostic and network model approaches to psychopathology have emerged as an alternative to taxonomic systems. The main goal was to examine the network structure of the transdiagnostic dimensions of emotional disorders in adolescents with subclinical emotional symptoms. In addition, cross‐sectional network analyses were conducted to investigate the relationships between transdiagnostic dimensions, psychopathology, and socio‐emotional adjustment.The sample consisted of a total of 476 adolescents from 85 schools from different provinces in Spain with subthreshold anxiety and depression. The mean age was 13.77 years (SD = 1.43, range: 10–18 years), 73.9% were female. Several questionnaires assessing transdiagnostic dimensions of emotional disorders, mental health difficulties, self‐esteem, perceived social support, sense of belonging at school, and prosocial behaviour were used.A strong interrelation was found between the transdiagnostic variables, except with the positive temperament dimension. The dimensions with the greatest weight were those of traumatic re‐experiencing, intrusive cognitions, avoidance, neuroticism, and depressed mood. Negative relationships were found between the transdiagnostic dimensions of emotional disorders and the protective factors included in the study. Stability analyses indicated that the networks were accurately estimated.The present paper points to the value of conceptualising emotional disorders from a transdiagnostic and network model perspective. In addition, the work provides new insights into the nature of the relationships between transdiagnostic dimensions of emotional disorders, and the role played by risk and protective factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'anxiété est un état émotionnel habituel chez l'enfant qui fait face à des transitions inhérentes à son développement. L'identification d'un trouble anxieux pédiatrique caractérisé nécessite de tenir compte des critères liés à la durée des symptômes et au retentissement fonctionnel. Si le diagnostic est habituellement évident, l'enjeu initial pour les professionnels est avant tout de guider la famille vers une compréhension minimale du trouble (symptômes habituels chez l'enfant, rôle de l'entourage) avant d'aborder l'accès à des soins spécialisés. Les traitements sont avant tout de nature psychothérapeutique. Les thérapies cognitivo-comportementales sont les traitements dont l'efficacité à court terme a été la mieux documentée. En pratique, une grande variété d'approches sont envisageables et dépendent surtout de facteurs non spécifiques (ex. : alliance avec le jeune, disponibilité et engagement du thérapeute). Même en cas de psychothérapie individuelle, l'accompagnement de la famille est indispensable pour les aider à repérer les dynamiques relationnelles qui peuvent contribuer à moduler les manifestations anxieuses de l'enfant. En cas de troubles anxieux sévères ou résistants, les inhibiteurs spécifiques de la recapture de la sérotonine sont les traitements médicamenteux de première intention. Leur efficacité est bien documentée, en particulier en synergie avec une intervention psychothérapeutique. Anxiety is a common emotional state in children who face several developmental transitions. The diagnosis of pediatric anxiety disorder requires to cautiously consider the duration of symptoms and the overall functional impairment. If the diagnosis is usually easy, one of the most important challenges for first-line health care providers is to provide to parents' key information about the diagnosis (e.g., typical clinical symptoms, the importance of parental support) before addressing the youths to specialized care when needed. Psychotherapeutic approaches should be provided as a first option. Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) are the intervention with the highest level of empirical evidence of short-term effectiveness. Even in the case of patient-centered psychotherapy, family guidance is an important part of the treatment to help them gain a better insight on the possible relational aspects, which modulate the child's anxious manifestations. In cases of severe or resistant anxiety disorders, specific serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the first-line drug treatments. Their effectiveness is well documented, particularly in combination with psychotherapeutic interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Adolescents exhibit a high prevalence of mental health disorders, with more than half of all cases emerging before the age of 14 years. Since the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a marked upsurge in anxiety and depression among adolescents across several nations. Emotional disorders often lead to severe outcomes, including school absenteeism, self-harm, and suicidal tendencies. The suboptimal efficacy of pharmacotherapy, compounded by limited availability and substantial costs associated with individual psychotherapy, underscores the critical need for identifying simple yet efficacious psychotherapeutic interventions suitable for both individual and group settings. Tension and Trauma Release Exercise (TRE) is a mind-body therapeutic approach that efficiently alleviates symptoms of anxiety and depression. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a mother-child intervention model using TRE in enhancing the clinical management of adolescent patients diagnosed with emotional disorders. Methods : This study recruits 140 dyads of adolescents with emotional disorders and their mothers, randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. The intervention arm combines eight weeks of standard pharmacotherapy with an eight-week TRE group therapy, assessing at baseline, post-8-week treatment, and three-month follow-up. Initially, controls receive eight weeks of standard medication with parallel assessments, later transitioning to the same TRE intervention while maintaining continuous evaluation. The study further examines the influence of maternal emotional health on adolescent treatment response and investigates associated neurophysiological and psychological mechanisms. Discussion: This research endeavors to identify a straightforward and potent body-oriented psychological intervention that could improve the clinical outcomes for adolescent patients with emotional disorders. Such findings would carry profound implications not only for the healthy development of teenagers but also for potentially mitigating the burden on families, educational institutions, and society as a whole. Trial registration: ChiCTR2100044553, Registered March 24, 2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional disorders inflict an enormous burden on society. Research on brain abnormalities implicated in emotional disorders has witnessed great progress over the past decades. Using cross‐sectional and longitudinal designs, resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) and its analytic approaches have been applied to characterize the local properties of patients with emotional disorders. Additionally, brain activity alterations of emotional disorders have shown frequency‐specific. Despite the gains in understanding the roles of brain abnormalities in emotional disorders, the limitation of the small sample size needs to be highlighted. Lastly, we proposed that evidence from the positive psychology research stream presents it as a viable discipline, whose suggestions could be developed in future emotional disorders research. Such interdisciplinary research may produce novel treatments and intervention options. This article is categorized under:Psychology > Brain Function and Dysfunction [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Group transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) offers a promising solution for limited mental health access in Portugal. Understanding barriers to patient adherence is crucial for successful implementation. This study aimed to characterize the prospective acceptability and preferences for unified transdiagnostic CBT and group therapy in the Portuguese general population and explore their correlates. A sample of 243 participants (18–88 years old), recruited online, completed an online survey collecting information on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, acceptability of transdiagnostic CBT treatments, specifically of Unified Protocol (UP), acceptability of group therapy, therapeutic format preferences, beliefs about group therapy and help-seeking attitudes. Most participants were receptive to and perceived as useful both unified transdiagnostic CBT and group therapy. Overall, participants presented significantly more favorable attitudes than unfavorable attitudes toward unified transdiagnostic CBT and group therapy (p <.001). Multivariate analyses revealed that (1) favorable attitudes toward transdiagnostic treatments were negatively associated with being employed and positively associated with living in an urban area, and higher efficacy scores; (2) unfavorable attitudes toward transdiagnostic treatments were positively associated with being married/cohabitating and negatively associated with vulnerability scores; (3) being female, living in an urban area, and higher efficacy and myth scores emerged as positive predictors of favorable attitudes toward group therapy; and (4) efficacy and vulnerability scores and help-seeking propensity emerged as negative predictors of unfavorable attitudes toward group therapy. These findings highlight the importance of delineating strategies to increase knowledge and acceptance of unified transdiagnostic CBT and group therapy in the Portuguese population, addressing specific individual characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Neuroticism contributes to the development and maintenance of emotional disorders. • The UP targets shared mechanisms of neuroticism and related emotion dysregulation. • The UP is an effective treatment for emotional disorders and neuroticism. • The UP can address a variety of problems across different cultures and identities. Before the development of the Unified Protocol for the Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP), evidence-based treatment options for commonly co-occurring anxiety, mood, and related disorders consisted of numerous single-disorder protocols that shared many similarities, reflecting the overlap among these disorders themselves. The UP distilled common elements of cognitive behavioral protocols into a unified intervention directly targeting core temperamental features underlying these disorders of emotion, namely neuroticism and associated emotion dysregulation. The UP has since become a leading "transdiagnostic" treatment for emotional disorders, which is now available in several formats (e.g., individual, group, digital) and has accumulated a strong evidence base, leading to international implementation. There is now also research evidence that the UP can be flexibly applied to a range of clinical presentations, including borderline personality disorder, trauma- and stressor-related disorders, eating disorders, alcohol use disorder, and comorbid chronic physical health conditions. Yet additional research is needed to evaluate the UP in routine clinical settings, with more heterogeneous patient populations, and under circumstances that mirror actual clinical practice. Thus, we must also continue to explore the benefits of large-scale UP training initiatives and implementation in major healthcare systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional problems (EPs) increase sharply after mid-adolescence. Earlier EPs are associated with poorer long-term outcomes, and their underlying mechanisms may differ to later-onset EPs. Given an established relationship between ADHD, autism, and later depression, we aimed to examine associations between neurodevelopmental conditions and correlates and early adolescent-onset EPs. Adolescents in two UK population cohorts, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) and Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), were included. Individuals scoring >6 on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) emotional problems subscale between ages 11–14 were defined as having early adolescent-onset EP, whilst those scoring >6 for the first time at 16–25 were defined as having later-onset EP. We tested associations between early adolescent-onset EP (total cases = 887, controls = 19,582) and ICD-10/DSM-5 neurodevelopmental conditions and known correlates, including: sex, birth complications, low cognitive ability, special educational needs (SEND), and epilepsy. Analyses were conducted separately in ALSPAC and MCS then meta-analysed. In the meta-analysis of both cohorts, early adolescent-onset EPs were associated with female sex and greater likelihood of low cognitive ability, SEND, autism, ADHD, and reading difficulties. Compared to later-onset EP, early adolescent-onset EPs were associated with male sex, low cognitive ability, SEND, epilepsy, ASD, ADHD, and reading difficulties. A clinical definition of depression/anxiety was available only in ALSPAC, instead we primarily defined EP via questionnaires, which capture a broader phenotype. Individuals with early adolescent-onset EP are likely to have a co-occurring neurodevelopmental condition. Clinicians should consider assessing for neurodevelopmental conditions in young adolescents with EPs. • Up to 53 % of people with emotional problems (EP) in early adolescence had a neurodevelopmental condition. • Neurodevelopmental conditions were more common in early vs later-adolescent onset EP. • Neurodevelopmental correlates and antecedents were more common in people with early adolescent-onset EP. • Clinicians treating individuals with early adolescent-onset EP should screen for autism and ADHD. • Clinicians should monitor for EP in children already diagnosed with a neurodevelopmental disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to know the effect of electronic games on emotional disorders among school students in Oman, the descriptive analytical approach was used, and the questionnaire was a tool, applied to a random sample of 565 male and female students in the schools of Al Dakhiliyah Governorate in the Sultanate. The study found that there were statistically significant differences in the level of practicing electronic games among school students according to their gender and in favor of males, while the differences between males and females in the level of emotional disorders did not appear statistically significant. And the level of causal relationship between the variables, the results showed that practicing electronic games by school students has a positive effect with statistical significance on the level of emotional disorders among them. By using the Process technique to test the moderating role of academic level, it also showed that the higher the academic level of students, the lower the intensity of the effect of electronic games on the level of emotional disorders among them, and it is recommended that the program be customized according to each target group, giving priority to the male group in its first stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Repetitive negative thinking and intolerance of uncertainty are risk and maintenance factors for emotional disorders. Although emerging evidence suggests that intolerance of uncertainty predicts increases in distress through repetitive negative thinking, these relationships have yet to be investigated among veterans. The present study examines if repetitive negative thinking mediates the relationships of intolerance of uncertainty with stress, disordered symptoms and impairment among a mixed clinical sample of veterans. Two hundred and forty-four treatment-seeking veterans with diagnoses of major depressive disorder, panic disorder, or posttraumatic stress disorder completed measures of intolerance of uncertainty, repetitive negative thinking, stress, impairment, depression, panic, and posttraumatic stress prior to receiving treatment. Mediation models revealed indirect effects of intolerance of uncertainty through repetitive negative thinking on stress and impairment in the full sample, and on disordered symptoms in subsamples with major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Conversely, intolerance of uncertainty did not have direct or indirect effects on disordered symptoms in a panic disorder subsample. Findings suggest that repetitive negative thinking and intolerance of uncertainty uniquely contribute to stress, impairment, and disordered symptoms, but repetitive negative thinking, may, in part, drive intolerance of uncertainty's contribution to emotional disorders. Interventions for repetitive negative thinking might improve the efficacy of existing transdiagnostic treatment protocols. Cross-sectional data is a limitation of the present study. Prospective designs in civilian samples can better establish the temporality of these relationships and if they are generalizable to the larger population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Youth of parents who are experiencing psychopathology are more likely to develop emotional concerns, and these mental health symptoms can have a deleterious impact on parents' mental health. However, the relationship between the presentation of specific symptoms in parents and youth is infrequently examined. Symptom network analysis is an analytic approach that is increasingly being used to better understand the relationship of symptoms within and between disorders and can also be used to examine symptom relations within a dyad. The present study used symptom network analysis to examine bidirectional relationships among depressive and anxiety psychopathology in a transdiagnostic sample of treatment-seeking youth and their primary caregiver. Parental anhedonia and child worthlessness exhibited the greatest centrality within the network, suggesting that these may act as risk and maintenance factors for parent–child psychopathology and may be important intervention targets. Findings support the use of symptom network analysis to inform an understanding of the complex relationships among parent and child depressive and anxiety symptoms. Future research should consider the use of network analytic methods to examine the temporal relationships between parent and child psychopathology and to inform joint parent–child interventions for those with internalizing concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Research on the potential association between life-ever gallstones and depressive symptoms is limited. This study aims to evaluate whether the presence of gallstone disease is associated with depressive symptoms. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-March 2020 cycles. The presence of depressive symptoms and gallstone disease was assessed using questionnaire responses. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated using a multivariate logistic regression model, with adjustments made for age, sex, race, body mass index, history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, arthritis, and pulmonary disease across different models. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the stability of the results. This study included 6201 adults aged 20 years and above, with 539(8.7%) experiencing depressive symptoms. After adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index, CVD history, hypertension, arthritis, pulmonary disease, depressive symptoms were possibly associated with life-ever gallstones (OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.91–2.08).When depressive symptoms were categorized as mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe,life-ever gallstones was possibly associated with mild depressive symptoms (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.81–1.56), moderate depressive symptoms (OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.89–2.12), moderately severe depressive symptoms (OR 1.93, 95% CI 0.93–3.99), and severe depressive symptoms (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.16–2.88).As a continuous variable, life-ever gallstones was associated with the PHQ-9 score (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.02–0.83). The results remained stable after multiple imputation for all missing data. This cross-sectional study demonstrates no significant association between life-ever gallstones and depressive symptoms in US adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific literature has revealed that there are gender differences in aspects related to mental health. These differences are especially evident in the higher prevalence of emotional disorders (EDs) in women, the greater severity of some clinical variables and symptoms and, also, in the response to psychological treatment. The Unified Protocol (UP) is a transdiagnostic treatment specially designed to address EDs with growing evidence about its cost-effectiveness. The aim of this study is to analyze gender differences in clinical variables and the response to UP treatment applied in a group format. The sample consisted of 277 users (78.3% women) of the Spanish specialized public mental health system, all of them with a diagnosis of EDs. Depressive and anxiety symptomatology, neuroticism, extraversion, interference and quality of life were assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and at 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups. We found a statistically significant differences between men and women in severity of depressive and anxious symptomatology, with women presenting the highest scores at the beginning of the treatment. After the intervention, these differences were reduced until no statistically significant differences were found in any of the variables over the 12-month follow-up. The results of this study support the creation of gender-heterogeneous UP groups in the public mental health system for the transdiagnostic treatment of people with EDs. Trial NCT03064477 (March 10, 2017). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate whether the combination of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and auricular point pressure bean could effectively ameliorate postoperative affective disorder in elderly patients suffering from cerebral hemorrhage. Methods: From June 2020 to September 2023, 116 elderly patients with depression after cerebral hemorrhage, who underwent surgical procedures were divided into the exposure group and the control group. The division was determined based on whether received rTMS and traditional Chinese medicine auricular point pressure bean therapy. Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression scale (HAMD), National Institutes of Health Stroke scale (NIHSS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA) and Mini Mental State examination scale (MMSE) were collected and compared between before intervention and after intervention. Results: In accordance with a 1 : 1 matching ratio, the patients in the study were paired using propensity score matching (PSM), with 53 patients in both the exposure group and the control group. There were no notable differences in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups (P > .05). Following the intervention, the HAMA score and the NIHSS score of the exposure group were markedly lower than those of the control group (P < .001). Additionally, theMoCA scores (P = .001) and MMSE scores (P < .001) in the exposure group were significantlyhigher. The difference score have a significant difference in HAMA score (P = .001), NIHSS score (P < .001), MoCA (P < .001) and MMSE scores (P < .001). Conclusion: The combination of rTMS therapy and auricular point pressure bean therapy in traditional Chinese medicine demonstrates can effectively relieve the anxiety level, postoperative emotional and cognitive disorders of elderly patients after intracerebral hemorrhage, and provide certain ideas and support for clinical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Emotional problems can be evaluated using categorical approaches to guide treatment choices focused on targeting specific disorders, or dimensional approaches to reduce symptom severity. Moreover, recent evidence points out the need to intervene in patients' quality of life (QoL), which often remains low even after the remission of emotional problems. Thus, assessment instruments are needed to provide information on diagnosis, symptom severity, and QoL. The present study aimed to provide diagnostic and QoL cutoffs for the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms-II (IDAS-II). Methods: 273 patients recruited from mental health services in Huelva (Spain) completed the IDAS-II, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and Short Form-36 Health Survey. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used to establish cutoff values. Diagnostic, balanced, and screening cutoffs were provided for each IDAS-II scale to detect corresponding diagnoses and poor QoL. Results: The specific IDAS-II scales Suicidality, Panic, Social Anxiety, Claustrophobia, and Traumatic Intrusions showed adequate discrimination values for their corresponding diagnoses (suicidal behavior disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, and post-traumatic stress disorder, respectively). Both the General Depression and Dysphoria scales showed adequate ability to detect major depressive disorder. The IDAS-II scales showed a higher discrimination ability for Mental Health-related QoL, than for General Health-related QoL. Conclusions: The diagnostic and QoL cutoffs expand the clinical utility of the IDAS-II in clinical practice and research, making it a comprehensive, detailed, and versatile self-report tool. The IDAS-II allows for the assessment of emotional problems consistent with the dimensional, categorical, transdiagnostic, and QoL approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transdiagnostic approach to psychopathology has emerged as an alternative to traditional taxonomic approaches. The Multidimensional Emotional Disorders Inventory (MEDI) is a specifically designed self-report to measure the transdiagnostic dimensions proposed by Brown and Barlow (2009). This study aims to analyse the psychometric properties of the MEDI scores in adolescents with subthreshold anxiety and depression. The sample consisted of a total of 476 students. The mean age was 13.77 years (SD = 1.43) (range 10 to 18 years), 73.9 % were females. Several questionnaires assessing positive affect, negative affect, mental health difficulties, and quality of life were used. The original 9-factor structure of the MEDI was confirmed with good fit indices. Satisfactory levels of internal consistency were observed in most of the MEDI scores using McDonald's Omega, ranging from 0.58 to 0.87. The MEDI dimensions were associated with psychopathology, positive affect, negative affect, and quality of life. Reliance on self-reported data, a cross-sectional design limiting temporal assessment, and a 73.9 % female gender imbalance. The MEDI scores showed adequate psychometric properties among adolescents with subclinical emotional symptoms. The results found might have potential clinical implications for conceptualization, assessment, intervention, and prevention of emotional disorders at both clinical and research levels. • Emotional disorders and symptoms constitute one of the major public health challenges among youths. • The transdiagnostic approach to psychopathology has emerged as an alternative to traditional taxonomic approaches. • MEDI scores showed adequate psychometric properties among adolescents with subclinical emotional symptoms. • MEDI is a useful tool for assessing transdiagnostic dimensions of emotional disorders in young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Contemporary diagnostic frameworks in the realm of mental health have garnered criticism due to their categorical paradigm. Given the propensity of emotional disorders to manifest overlapping features, these frameworks fall short in comprehensively encapsulating their intricate nature. As a strategic response, Brown and Barlow introduced an innovative composite approach, amalgamating dimensions and categorical classifications, to adress this concern. Their strategic implementation hinged on the Multidimensional Emotional Disorder Inventory (MEDI), a transdiagnostic self-report instrument. Objective: this study undertakes the task of refining and validating the applicability of the MEDI within a non-clinical sample of Colombian university students (n = 808). Methods: This study employed Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) to explore the structure of the measure. Results: ESEM suggested that the 8-dimension model with 48 items was the best-fitting solution, aligning with most dimensions identified by the original MEDI validation. Reliability was adequate for almost all dimensions (α: 0.69 – 0.92). An 8-dimension model with 48 items emerged as the most fitting solution, aligning with most dimensions identified by the original MEDI validation. Conclusion: The ensuing validation and contextual adaptation of the MEDI for use in the Colombian population augments the transdiagnostic evaluation of emotional disorders, with potential implications for enhanced stratification of targeted therapeutic interventions. By optimizing the assessment of both dimensional and cross-diagnostic paradigms, the MEDI portends a noteworthy impact in realms encompassing both academic inquiry and clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional disorders (EDs) are highly prevalent during the reproductive period, including pregnancy, postpartum, and women undergoing fertility treatments. International guidelines are increasingly suggesting the need to evaluate, prevent, and treat EDs in those women. The main aim of this narrative review is to summarize current practice in the field of EDs management during fertility treatments, pregnancy, and the postpartum and to propose a new technology-based model of care that helps to provide psychological care to all women who are in these periods. Four different databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science) were consulted. Selected keywords were related with infertility, pregnancy, postpartum, EDs, assessment, prevention, treatment, and technologies. We identified 1603 studies and 43 were included in this review. According to these studies, different face-to-face protocols already exist to manage EDs in women undergoing fertility treatments, pregnant or at the postpartum. We noticed an increased interest in developing technology-based solutions to overcome the limitations of traditional mental healthcare services. However, we also detected some issues in the use of technologies (i.e. increased attention to the postpartum or the lack of transdiagnostic approaches). Our results evidenced that there is still a need to develop modern, well-designed, and conceptually-relevant ICT-based programs to be used in women undergoing fertility treatments, pregnant or at the postpartum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Emotional disorders include emotions in children and adolescents that are not appropriate to their age, not consistent with their cultural status. Studies have reported on the effect of neurofeedback and TDCS are effective to improvement of emotional disorders. there was a research gap in comparing the effect of these two on emotional disorders in children with enuresis. Aims: the aim of this study to compare the efficacy of neurofeedback and TDCS on emotional disorders in children with enuresis. Methods: Research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post- test, three-month follow-up with control group. The statistical population of this research was all children suffering from nocturnal enuresis who referred to Educational consulting centers of district 5 of Tehranin 1400. The sampling method was purposive and (considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria), 60 children were selected, and then randomly assigned to three groups of 20 people. The research tool was Rutter's emotional behavioral problems questionnaire (1991). neurofeedback and TDCS intervention programs were used in the experimental groups. The control group did not receive treatment and the data was analyzed using the statistical test of mixed analysis of variance. Results: There is a significant difference between the average scores of pre-test, post-test and followup scores of emotional disorders in the three phases of pre-test, post-test and treatment follow-up. onsidering the average differences and the fact that the average of the neurofeedback group was higher than the transcranial electrical stimulation group. The results of the Bonferroni test showed that the neurofeedback method was more effective on the emotional disorders of children with enuresis. Conclusion: With both methods of neurofeedback & TDCS (especially neurofeedback) emotional disorders of children with enuresis can be reduced. neurofeedback intervention is more effective in treating to children with enuresis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to extend previous knowledge concerning the link between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and cognitive disengagement syndrome with anxiety and depression by examining the mediating role of emotion dysregulation among Iranian college students. Method: In 2022, the sample of the study consisted of 612 college students (493 females, 119 males) in the age group of 18-40 years from various universities in Iran which were selected using convenience sampling. The used measures were the Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale (BAARS), Gross Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire (ERQ), and questions from the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: The findings of the study revealed that at a significance level of 0.05, the reappraisal strategy mediates the relationship between hyperactivity and impulsivity symptoms with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Conversely, the suppression strategy mediates the relationship between impulsivity and cognitive disengagement syndrome with symptoms of depression. Conclusion: In the treatment of ADHD, intervention in emotion regulation strategies can affect the efficiency of the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psychologia is the property of Universidad de San Buenaventura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Emotional disorders (EDs) are the most common disorders among the young population. The development of preventive programs for EDs is essential to avoid their possible appearance. Transdiagnostic prevention programs could present an advantage over existing ones to improve emotional regulation strategies. Thus, the objective of this study has been to determine the preliminary feasibility and effectiveness of a brief program based on the Unified Protocol (UP). The project consisted of a pilot study using a multiple baseline experimental design. Nine university students received a 5-session program based on the UP in online-group format. Significant differences were found after the intervention for emotion regulation, perceived social support and avoidance, with moderatelarge effect sizes (Cohen's r = .49 - .59). These improvements showed increases at 1-month and 3-month follow-ups. Those results are in line with those showing that brief transdiagnostic preventive programs could be useful for the prevention of EDs in the university population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Severe shame is a distressing negative emotion, accompanied by intense feelings of worthlessness that contributes to a broad panoply of psychological disorders. This study aimed to compare the effects on shame dysregulation of two transdiagnostic treatments, the Unified Protocol (UP) and Self‐Acceptance Group Therapy (SAGT). We additionally addressed the question of whether borderline personality disorder (BPD) can properly be regarded as an emotional disorder. The focus was on outcome measures, primarily shame that cut across individual diagnostic categories and capture emotional dysfunction broadly conceived. Methods: Individuals suffering from a range of emotional disorders (including BPD) and high levels of shame were randomly allocated to treatment by either UP (N = 280) or SAGT (N = 282). Outcomes were measures of emotion dysfunction—shame, loneliness, neuroticism, emotional dysregulation, positive and negative affect—measured pre‐treatment, post‐treatment and at 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐ups. Results: UP was superior to SAGT in showing better post‐treatment retention of therapeutic gains on all outcome measures over the 6‐month follow‐up period. Compared with those without a BPD diagnosis, those diagnosed with BPD showed significantly higher neuroticism and emotion dysregulation at baseline and a similar post‐treatment reduction in almost all outcomes. Conclusions: The results support the use of both the UP and SAGT in the treatment of severe shame. The superiority of the UP over SAGT in reducing negative emotionality is interpreted in terms of the specific mechanisms targeted by the UP. The results provide support for the theoretical rationale for the UP as a treatment for dysregulated shame and for emotional dysfunction generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the concept of psychological construction and its impact on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT is a commonly used treatment for psychological disorders, but it is based on the assumption that emotions, thoughts, and behaviors are distinct and separate entities. However, recent research suggests that psychological categories are constructed by individuals and are not essential phenomena. The psychological construction approach challenges the foundation of CBT and suggests that psychological states are constructed based on prior experiences and simulations. This has implications for how mental states are understood and treated in therapy, with the potential to advance CBT treatment. [Extracted from the article]

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Comprehensive Program of Rehabilitation (CPReh) offered according to different therapeutic protocols in reducing chronic frontal syndrome in patients 10 years following neurosurgery for post-traumatic intracerebral hematoma. Material/Methods: Out of 568 adult car accident patients who underwent neurosurgery for post-traumatic intracerebral hematoma between 2004 and 2010 at the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotraumatology of the Jagiellonian University's Collegium Medicum in Krakow, 90 patients with OFC injury and Chronic Frontal Syndrome were selected for the study. Patients were divided into three groups A, B and C of 30 each, matched for age, gender and injury severity. The Comprehensive Rehabilitation Program (CPReh) (cf. Pąchalska 2008) was applied in all groups ten years after hospitalization and surgery for intracerebral hematoma and was conducted according to three therapeutic Protocols: Protocol 1 administered in group A, combained cognitive training (CT) and the "Life Academy" program administered twice a week. The activities were continued as long as the patient was able and willing to continue (average 24 months ± 1.18). Protocol 2 administered in group B, included CT and the "Academy of Life" program also administered twice a week but lasting for the standard period of about a year (average 12 months ± 1.03) Protocol 3 administered in group C, included CT and the "Community Base Treatment" program similarly administered twice a week and also lasting about a year as standard (average 12 months ± 1.27). Evaluation of the effects of rehabilitation using the Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBInv) was conducted 2 times: Study I (baseline, 10 years follow up after operation)- before the start of rehabilitation, Study II (follow up) after the end of rehabilitation according to all protocols. Results: Our study showed that all the 90 patients with Chronic Frontal Syndrome in Study I suffered all or most of the positive or negative symptoms tested by FBInv, including neurological, cognitive, emotional and behavioral ones. A modified CPReh program administered with Protocol 1. in which combined cognitive training (CT) and the "Academy of Life" program is provided twice a week, but which continues as long as the patient was able and willing to continue, is more effective in reducing these symptoms, like the standard CPReh program administered with Protocol 2 or 3 administered only up to a year as a standard. It was also found that the "Academy of Life" program has also been shown to be a more effective component of CPReh than the Community Base Treatment. Conclusions: The improvement achieved by group A, in which a modified CPReh administered with Protocol 1. that provided the patient the opportunity to continue rehabilitation as long as the patient was able and willing to continue was more effective in the reduction of Chronic Frontal Syndrome than the standard CPReh administered with Protocols 2. and 3. for the patients in groups B and C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Less research has linked the Systemic Immune Inflammatory Index (SII) with post-stroke depression (PSD). This study aims to look at any potential connections between SII and PSD. Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), conducted in a population that embodied complete SII and stroke data from 2005 to 2020, was used to perform the current cross-sectional survey. A fitted smoothed curve was used to depict the nonlinear link between SII and PSD, and multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between SII and PSD. Results: Multiple linear regression analysis showed that SII and PSD were markedly related [1.11(1.05, 1.17)]. Interaction tests showed that the association between SII and PSD was not statistically different between strata, and age, sex, BMI, income poverty ratio, education level, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and heart failure did not have a significant effect on this positive association (p > 0.05 for interaction). In addition, a nonlinear association between SII and PSD was found using a two-stage linear regression model. Conclusion: The results of our research support the existence of a significant positive correlation between SII levels and PSD. Further prospective trials are required to comprehend SII, which is for the PSD thoroughly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Despite the clinical significance of emotional diversity, also known as emodiversity, there has been limited investigation into the therapeutic interventions that influence this construct. In the current study we examined the association between immediate therapist self‐disclosure (TSD) and emodiversity among two diagnostic groups who tend to experience emotional difficulties: people with schizophrenia and people with emotional disorders (i.e., depression and/or anxiety). Method: The sample comprised 74 clients (37 diagnosed with schizophrenia and 37 with emotional disorders) treated by 45 therapists in a university clinic setting. Following each session, clients self‐reported their emotions, and therapists completed a measure of frequency and centrality of their immediate TSD during the session. Results: Longitudinal multilevel models indicated that immediate TSD was positively associated with clients' global emodiversity, both at the within‐ and the between‐client levels, as well as with clients' negative emodiversity at the between‐client level. Moreover, clients with emotional disorders and clients with schizophrenia did not differ in the association between immediate TSD and emodiversity. In addition, across groups, clients treated by therapists who used more immediate TSD on average showed greater increases in global emodiversity during treatment. Conclusions: immediate TSD is associated with clients' ability to experience rich and diverse emotional experiences across different disorders. The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In primary care centers, emotional disorders (EDs; depression, anxiety, and somatoform disorders) frequently appear to be associated. However, there is no previous information on the key (bridge) symptoms that maintain comorbidity. The current study aimed to identify symptoms that may play a linking role in bridging comorbidity among EDs from a network analysis perspective. A sample of adult primary care patients (N = 1704) with symptoms of EDs was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). Network analysis was applied to examine the network structure, communities, expected influence, and bridge symptoms between depressive, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. Sad mood and low energy were the most central symptoms. Furthermore, low energy, fainting spells, sad mood, and restlessness were detected as prominent bridge symptoms between anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms. These bridge symptoms could be therapeutic targets for early intervention and prevent the development of comorbidity among EDs. The results of this research highlight the importance of symptom-specific functional properties for the activation of communities within EDs, providing new insights on a complex phenomenon such as comorbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autoerotism is the practice of sexual stimulation. The most common autoerotic practice is masturbation, and these two terms are often used interchangeably, although masturbation can also occur with a partner. Recent data from the European Study on Aging Men have shown that masturbation is an independent indicator in the overall global assessment of sexual health. Masturbation has long been ostracized and considered a moral sin by several religions such as Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. Traditionally, such sexual behavior has been associated with many diseases, such as madness, seizures, blindness and even impotence. Today, masturbation is no longer considered a harmful habit, as it can even help to protect people from the risk of sexually transmitted diseases. The objective: to study the relationship between the influence of malakia and the development of psychoemotional disorders in young people using the example of medical students of the 4th–5th years of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University. Materials and methods. A clinical and psychological examination of 1118 medical students was carried out using the screening scales “Patient Health Questionnaire” (PHQ-9) and the questionnaire “General Anxiety Disorder-7” (GAD-7). Domestic and foreign students were divided into two groups based on their attitude to masturbation and its application in everyday life. Namely: on those who have a positive attitude to this type of self-pleasure, and on those who consider it absolutely unacceptable. The levels of anxiety and depressive disorders in both groups of respondents were determined and then compared. Results. It was established that 19.3% of domestic students and 31.2% of foreign respondents do not have anxiety disorders. Among domestic sexually active students, a mild degree of anxiety prevails (44.4%), a moderate degree is found in 26%, and a severe degree – in 10.4%. Among virgin domestic students, a mild degree of anxiety prevails, which is found in 46.6% of respondents, a medium degree in 20%, and a severe degree in 13.4%. Among sexually active foreign students, mild anxiety disorder was most common in 34.7% of cases, moderate in 15.4% of cases, and severe in 13.8%. Among virgin foreign students, 34.5% have a mild degree of anxiety, 21.4% have a medium degree, and 17.8% have a severe degree of anxiety. No influence of masturbation on the development of depressive disorders in medical students was found (X²=1.41; p≥0.05), but it was found that autoerotic practice affects their anxiety level (X²=6.37; p<0.05). Conclusions. Autoerotic practice does not have a significant impact on the development of depressive disorders. Instead, malakia was found to significantly reduce anxiety disorders in both sexually active and inactive young adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional experiences are a part of our lives. The maladaptive functioning of an individual's emotional field can lead to emotional disturbances of various kinds, such as anxiety and depression. Currently, there is an increasing prevalence of emotional disorders that cause great human suffering and high socioeconomic costs. Emotional processing has a biological basis. The major neuroscientific theories of emotion are based on biological functioning, and all of them take into account the anatomy and function of the tenth cranial nerve: the vagus nerve. The vagus nerve connects the subdiaphragmatic and supradiaphragmatic areas and modulates emotional processing as the basis of interoceptive functioning. Auricular vagus nerve stimulation is a new and innovative neuromodulation technique based on the function of the vagus nerve. Several interventions have shown that this new neurostimulation technique is a very promising resource for treating emotional disorders. In this paper, we summarise three neuroscientific theories of emotion, explain what transcutaneous auricular nerve stimulation is, and present arguments for its use and continued research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate and determine the efficacy of a brief transdiagnostic treatment in group format for people with mild and moderate emotional disorders, and to establish correlations between the changes after treatment in the different variables. We use a single experimental group (n =11) design with pre-post measures. Participants were assessed pre- and post-intervention with the following measures: PHQ-15, PHQ-9, GAD-7, PSQW-A, RRS-B, and CERQ-18. Brief transdiagnostic therapy was found to be effective in reducing depressive symptoms (p = .005), anxious symptoms (p = .011), and worry (p = .020) with high/moderate effect sizes. In addition, significant positive correlations were found between changes in depressive symptoms and worry variables, and between changes in anxious symptoms and rumination. In conclusion, brief transdiagnostic treatments can be a treatment to consider for patients with mild and moderate emotional disorders in primary care due to their efficacy in some symptoms and their characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) is a self-administered measure designed to assess the level of inability to function socially as a consequence of a defined problem or disorder. A total of 230 patients with emotional disorders completed the Danish translation of the WSAS, measures of anxiety and depression, the Level of Personality Functioning Brief Form, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form, and the World Health Organization Five-Item Well-Being Index (WHO-5). We conducted a confirmatory factor analysis of the previously suggested factor structure of the instrument. We furthermore evaluated the construct validity of the WSAS by means of its relationship with depression, anxiety, personality functioning, and overall well-being. Finally, we evaluated the utility of the WSAS to identify those on long-term sick-leave by conducting receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The instrument had a poor to average fit with the previously reported single-factor structure, but a better fit to a modified single-factor structure. Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega showed good internal scale reliability (α =.79, ωtotal =.85). WSAS was positively correlated with measures of anxiety (r =.33), depression (r =.44), and personality functioning (r =.23 and r =.20), and negatively correlated with WHO-5 wellbeing (r = –.57). The optimal cut-off point in the ROC-analyses was 23, which yielded a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 55% in the prediction of sick-leave status. The Danish WSAS shows promising psychometric properties, but has limited external validity insofar as predicting long-term sick leave in psychiatric patients with emotional disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) was designed to measure trait positive affect (PA) and trait negative affect (NA). Methods: The Danish PANAS was administered to outpatients with depression and anxiety disorders. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega and factorial structure was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent validity was evaluated by means of correlations with the negative affectivity and the detachment domain of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form (PID-5-SF), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale 6 (HARS-6) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 6 (HDRS-6). Results: PANAS Scores of 256 patients were analyzed. Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega showed good internal consistency for both the PA score (alpha =.84 and omega =.89) and the NA score (alpha =.86 and omega =.90). CFA analysis confirmed a structure with two factors corresponding to the PA and NA factors. PA was negatively correlated with the detachment domain of PID-5 (r = -.47), HARS-6 (r = -.15) and HDRS-6 (r = -.37). NA was positively correlated with PID-5-SF negative affectivity domain (r =.43), HARS-6 (r =.51) and HDRS-6 (r =.52). Discussion: The Danish PANAS has promising internal consistency and construct validity, which are comparable to other studies of the instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional regulation-based transdiagnostic interventions provide positive but limited evidence regarding efficacy with people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In the present study, 10 participants living with HIV with emotional disorders completed a five-session transdiagnostic group intervention to improve their emotional regulation skills (Unified Protocol). Changes at pre-treatment, post-treatment and three-month follow-up were explored at the population (mean-rank) and the individual level (reliable change index). Compared to pre-treatment, participants improved significantly in anxiety, depression, negative affect and quality of life. Changes were maintained at the three-month follow-up. Emotion regulation, particularly the confusion factor, improved when comparing pre-treatment with the three-month follow-up. At the three-month follow-up, the percentage of normalized scores was the largest in maladjustment (70%), followed by depression, negative affect, and lack of control (50%). All participants indicated high treatment satisfaction and perceived benefits. These promising results suggest that brief emotion regulation interventions might be feasible and effective in the public health settings for people living with HIV suffering emotional disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Literature and research in the field highlight how children experience a multitude of psychological problems following parental divorce, which create disturbances in the child's relational capacity and social adjustment. A number of factors influence the type, severity and persistence of these problems, which depend on the child's individual and family characteristics and the way parents manage divorce, such as: parental competence and post-divorce parental relationships, the existence of parental conflict, the support network, and environmental changes. Objectives: Highlighting the effects of parenting skills development on the intensity of personality dimensions and emotional disorders identified in children with divorced parents. Methods: Empirical methods (psychological questionnaire, psychological test), mathematical methods and parametric statistical methods (ANOVA test for repeated measures with mixed design) were used. Results: In support of the positive effects of the psychological intervention program applied to both children and parents, improved scores were reported for the Neuroticism, Extraversion and Conscientiousness personality dimensions of the emerging personality patterns Confident and Outgoing, which is interpreted as progress and improvement in terms of distress at personality level, in the sense that children are better prepared to cope with stressful situations, are more self-confident and feel able to make decisions on their own, without being easily influenced by negative emotions. Significantly lower scores were reported on emotional disturbances related to anxiety, depressive mood, somatic and behavioral symptoms, supported by significantly lower scores on conduct problems scales, so that, under the influence of the psychological program, subjects showed a better ability to process potentially traumatic events they had experienced, to understand and process emotions that produce emotional dysfunction. Conclusions: The implementation of the psychological intervention program on children and their parents in the context of divorce resulted in significant improvements in personality and emotional disorders identified in children with divorced parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although the clinical significance of the therapeutic alliance (TA) is well documented, the literature regarding the establishment of TA and the relation between client–therapist agreement on it to short‐term outcome among various diagnostic groups—and specifically among clients diagnosed with serious mental illness (SMI)—is sparse. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of client diagnosis on the abovementioned TA characteristics. Method: Dyadic analyses of session‐by‐session (SBS) data were used to compare clients diagnosed with schizophrenia and clients diagnosed with emotional disorders (based on a clinical interview) in their TA characteristics. Results: TA as initially rated by clients was stronger in the emotional disorders group than in the schizophrenia group. Higher TA ratings, regardless of whether these were provided by the therapist or the client, predicted better subsequent functioning in the emotional disorders group, whereas in the schizophrenia group, this association was observed only among good‐outcome cases. Conclusions: Establishing TA, having client–therapist agreement on it, and having clients derive therapeutic benefit from it might be more challenging with clients with schizophrenia than with clients with emotional disorders. Special attention should be given to specific challenges and needs regarding clients' diagnosis in order to enhance favourable therapy outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of emotional disorders has increased in recent times. Emotional Reasoning (ER), which is a transdiagnostic process, occurs when feelings, rather than objective evidence, are used as a source of information to make judgements about the valence of a situation. Differences in ER may explain the existence and maintenance of emotional disorders. The objective is to systematically review the role of ER in the occurrence and severity of emotional disorders. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched through: PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus and The Cochrane Library. Search terms were "Emotional Reasoning", "ex-consequentia reasoning", "Affect-as-information"; and "emotional disorders", "anxiety", "depression", "depressive". Nine articles were included. An association was demonstrated between ER and a greater degree of anxious symptomatological severity. In depressive symptomatology, no significant differences were found. One study reported the effect of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy on ER bias, finding no changes after the intervention. Finally, another study evaluated the efficacy of computerised experiential training in reducing ER bias, showing significant differences. There are few studies on ER and its evolution in research has not been uniform over time. Encouragingly, though, research to date suggests that ER is a transdiagnostic process involved in several anxiety disorders. More investigation is needed to dilucidate whether ER also underlies the onset and maintenance of depressive disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transdiagnostic approaches to psychopathology have postulated that factors related to perceived control are particularly relevant to mental health. Here we focused on a specific perceived control-related construct: metacognitive beliefs about uncontrollability. Evidence suggests that dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs play a role in the activation and maintenance of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and emotional distress. Metacognitive beliefs about the uncontrollability and danger of worry are the most strongly associated with psychopathology. In this multi-study research, we hypothesized that metacognitive beliefs about uncontrollability make a specific contribution to emotion regulation strategies and clinical symptoms. We tested our hypotheses in four different studies, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally (N = 2224). Participants completed measures of metacognitive beliefs, maladaptive strategies (e.g., worry, thought suppression), and clinical symptoms (e.g., generalized anxiety, emotional distress, depressive and anxiety symptoms). Our results showed that uncontrollability beliefs were the strongest variable associated with maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and clinical symptoms (cross-sectionally), and the only ones that predicted them in the long term. We discuss the theoretical and clinical implications of these results in the light of the metacognitive model and control-related theories. • Metacognitive beliefs about uncontrollability are specific beliefs, different from other metacognitive beliefs. • Uncontrollability beliefs are most robustly associated with relevant outcomes than other metacognitive beliefs. • Uncontrollability beliefs predict maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and clinical symptoms. • Uncontrollability beliefs should be considered an important target in the treatment of emotional disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Unified Protocol (UP) is a transdiagnostic intervention based on emotional regulation for the treatment of emotional disorders. Its application in individual and group formats has been studied worldwide, obtaining similar results to specific protocols but with a lower drop-out rate and improving the cost–benefit ratio, since a larger number of patients can benefit from it. Moreover, the inclusion of digital technologies in psychotherapy aims to improve the accessibility of treatments, especially since the pandemic of COVID-19 that forced the implementation of treatments through teletherapy increasing its use. To date, no studies have been carried out in Argentina on the application of the UP in a group format and through teletherapy. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of the UP in a group format and through teletherapy in the Argentine population. Methods: A parallel-group, controlled, randomized trial, with pre-post and repeated follow-up measures intergroup design will be conducted. One hundred eighty patients will be randomized to one of the following conditions: an online, group-based UP intervention or a waiting list. The Beck Depression Inventory-II and the Beck Anxiety Inventory will be used to compare primary outcomes and the Beck Hopelessness Scale, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale, and Multicultural Quality of Life Index will be administered for secondary outcomes at baseline, post-intervention, and 3 months follow-up. Ad-hoc questionnaires will be used to assess patients' experiences and treatment satisfaction. Discussion: The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the efficacy of the online and group application of the UP in the Argentine population, as well as to evaluate the patient's experience and satisfaction with the treatment. It is expected that the findings of this study will be useful in reducing anxious and depressive symptomatology, will allow us to adapt the UP to our culture, and will improve accessibility to treatment. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05275322. Registered on 11 March 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional disorders are the most prevalent mental health conditions affecting children and adolescents. Thus, it becomes essential to develop and test early intervention strategies that are accessible, attractive, and can effectively improve their emotional functioning. A randomized control trial compared the prevention effects of the REThink therapeutic game to those of a standard face-to-face prevention program, and a waitlist which was transformed at follow-up into care as usual. Out of 142 healthy children and adolescents who completed the intervention stage, 137 (mean age: 12.84, SD: 1.97) completed a follow-up assessment measuring emotional symptoms, depressive mood and emotion regulation. We also tested potential moderators of its long-term effects, such as parental psychological control, parent attachment and childhood trauma. Our results highlighted the fact that the REThink intervention had a durable impact on the children's mental health and their ability to regulate their emotions. Moreover, we found that trauma, parent psychological control and parent attachment moderated the maintenance of the improvements. Future research needs to further document how to personalize the game and prevention program components to better address the characteristics of the youths at risk for mental health problems. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03308981, from 13.10.2017. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Discrepancies between therapists' and patients' measures regarding therapeutic results indicate the need to analyze which symptoms and processes are being taken into consideration when reporting clinical change. This study analyzes the concordance between patient and therapist, at pre- and post-treatment, when reporting about anxiety, depression, Experiential Avoidance (EA), Cognitive Fusion (CF) and Activation (A). Method: Convergence was examined between information obtained by means of standardized measures and visual analogical scales (VAS) in 94 patients with anxiety and/or depression who participated in a controlled clinical study (TRANSACTIVA study). Results: Statistically significant correlation (p < .05) was found between all the measures of anxiety and depression, regardless of the source, timepoint, and measures procedure at 95% confidence. In the VAS, patient and therapist agreed (p < .05) in their evaluation of specific symptoms. For EA, CF and A, the therapists' measures demonstrated stronger correlations than those of the patients, although, in each condition, all the patients' measures correlated with each other (p < .05). Conclusions: Suitable agreement was found between therapist and patient when reporting clinical change. One-item VAS appeared to b suitable for identifying anxiety, depression and the transdiagnostic patterns of EA, CF and A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background Background: Emotional disorders are common findings after a stroke episode. Despite evidence linking pain and sleep disorders to various post-stroke emotional conditions, their roles in the prevalence of post-stroke anger proneness (PSAP) and post-stroke emotional incontinence (PSEI) remain unclear. We investigated the influence of composite and different components of post-stroke pain (PSP) as well as post-stroke sleep disorders (PSSD) on PSAP and PSEI. Methods Methods: Cross-sectional data on PSAP, PSEI, PSP and PSSD were evaluated through validated instruments and structured interviews for a total of 185 community-dwelling stroke survivors attending two Nigerian tertiary health facilities. Data on potential confounding variables were also assessed. Results Results: The rates of PSSD, PSP, PSAP and PSEI among Nigerian stroke survivors were 36.8%, 63.3%, 23.2% and 44.9%, respectively. The results of logistic regression models showed that composite PSP was associated with PSEI (adjusted odd ratio (aOR): 0.492; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.251-0.965). While assessing the different components of PSSD and PSP, the results showed that sleep disturbances (aOR: 1.855; 95% CI: 1.096-3.140) and post-stroke headache (aOR: 0.364; 95% CI: 0.153-0.864) were associated with PSEI. In addition, being a domain of PSP, post-stroke headache was associated with PSAP (aOR: 0.052; 95% CI: 0.011-0.238). Conclusion Conclusion: There is high prevalence of PSSD, PSP, PSAP and PSEI among Nigerian stroke survivors. Post-stroke headache is associated with both PSAP and PSEI, while sleep disturbances are associated with PSEI. Post-stroke headache and sleep disturbances are potential targets for interventions in patients with stroke to lessen the burden of PSAP and PSEI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]