1. Dietary Patterns and Their Association with Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Markers in Children and Adolescents: Genobox Cohort.
- Author
-
Latorre-Millán M, Rupérez AI, González-Gil EM, Santaliestra-Pasías A, Vázquez-Cobela R, Gil-Campos M, Aguilera CM, Gil Á, Moreno LA, Leis R, and Bueno G
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Body Mass Index, Cardiovascular Diseases complications, Child, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Metabolic Syndrome complications, Obesity complications, Obesity epidemiology, Spain epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Biomarkers metabolism, Body Composition, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Feeding Behavior, Metabolic Syndrome epidemiology
- Abstract
Diet is a key factor for obesity development; however, limited data are available on dietary cluster analysis in children with obesity. We aimed to assess the associations between dietary patterns and obesity and several cardiometabolic markers. Anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance, blood pressure and plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial damage were determined in 674 Caucasian children, aged 5-16, with normal or excess weight. Using a food frequency questionnaire and cluster analysis, two consistent dietary patterns were shown, labeled as health conscious (HC) and sweet and processed (SP). The HC pattern included a greater proportion of participants with overweight/obesity than the SP cluster (80.1% vs. 63.8%). However, children with obesity within the HC cluster, showed less abdominal fat, through waist to hip (0.93 vs. 0.94) and waist to height (0.61 vs. 0.63) indexes ( p < 0.01). Univariate general models showed several additional differences in cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in the global and stratified analyses, with a healthier profile being observed mainly in the HC cluster. However, multivariate models questioned these findings and pointed out the need for further studies in this field. Anyhow, our findings support the benefits of a healthy diet and highlight the importance of dietary patterns in the cardiometabolic risk assessment of children with overweight/obesity, beyond weight control.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF