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[Objective] Wind-water erosion crisscross region in Loess Plateau is a typical fragile ecosystem. Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are widely distributed in this region and play key roles in the accumulation and transformation of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the effect of BSCs succession and microorganisms on enzymes related to organic carbon conversion is still unclear. [Methods] In this manuscript, SOC contents, microbial number and enzymes related with carbon conversion in different BSCs types were investigated. The relationships among SOC, microbial number and enzume activities related with carbon conversion were also analyzed by SEM model. [Results] (1) BSCs succession significantly inceased SOC content and enzyme activities related with carbon conversion. SOC and enzyme activities in BSCs layer(0—2 cm) were significantly higher than those in bare sand 2—5 cm soil layer (p

[Objective] As the most active component in forest soil, dissolved organic matter (DOM) can not only be directly utilized by microorganisms, but also be the main carrier for the migration of C, N, P and other elements in the ecosystem. The migration process is influenced by the hydraulic interactions and dissolving processes driven by throughfall. [Methods] Using soil column microcosm in situ culture to analyze the effects of forest throughfall on the dynamics of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) across varying layers of sandy red soil during the rainy season. The study focused on a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest with rainfall as a control. [Results] (1) During the rainfall season, the DOM input of throughfall into soil increased significantly compared with rainfall(p

[Objective] In the context of the “dual-carbon” goal, accurately assessing the status, rate and potential of carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems is crucial for achieving “carbon neutrality”. Shaanxi Province, which spans three climatic zones and have a large difference in climate between north and south, with abundant vegetation types. In recent years, the vegetation coverage in Shaanxi has been further improved due to the implementation of various ecological projects (Grain for Green, Three-North Shelterbelt, etc.). Its vegetation coverage reaches up to 60.7%, what resulted in huge carbon sequestration capacity. Net primary productivity (NPP), as one of the most important indicators to reflect the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation, there are few studies on spatial and temporal dynamic changes of NPP and the spatial distribution of NPP potential in the future in Shaanxi province. [Methods] Based on these, we evaluated the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of vegetation NPP and its potential in Shaanxi province through the CASA model and the neighborhood similarity spatial distribution method. [Results] (1) Total carbon sequestration by vegetation increased by 333 Tg, with an increase of 48.5% from 2000 to 2020 in Shaanxi province. (2) NPP was higher in the south and lower in the north, with the highest or lowest value in the middle. The average value in 2000 and 2020 were 333.2 g C/m2 and 494.8 g C/m2, respectively, with a total increasement of 161.6 g C/m2, and the increase amplitude showed a distribution trend of high in the north and low in the south in Shaanxi. (3) The carbon sequestration potential was 2 304 Tg which increased by 41.30% compared with the 2020. The spatial distribution trend was gradually decreasing from south to north, and the spatial distribution characteristics showed high spatial autocorrelation characteristics, but the local differences were large. [Conclusion] The total vegetation carbon sequestration in Shaanxi province increased significantly from 2000 to 2020, and there is huge potential for vegetation carbon sequestration in the future. This study calculated the spatial and temporal dynamic changes and predicted potential spatial distribution characteristics of NPP in the regional scale ecosystem in Shaanxi province, which can provide an evaluation systematic and theoretical reference for scientific evaluation and improvement of regional carbon sink capacity.

As International Atomic Energy Agency has stated in its Handbook on Nuclear Law, "Even in situations for which the highest standard of safety has been achieved, the occurrence of nuclear accidents cannot be completely excluded." Therefore, the international legal framework for nuclear damage compensation liability has been evolving since the establishment of Nuclear Energy Agency of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD NEA) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Over the years, various international treaties have been enacted to address the compensation of nuclear damage and to establish liability regimes for nuclear incidents. To date, these treaties have established a series of legal principles of nuclear damage liability, such as the sole liability principle, the strict liability principle, the financial guarantee principle etc., which have been developing since establishment. This paper offers an overview of the historical development of the principles of these international treaties for nuclear damage liability and thus draws upon both primary and secondary sources, including treaties, official documents, academic literature, and reports by international organizations. The paper reveals that with the awareness of protecting public's rights having been significantly strengthened, the range of compensation has been broader, the matters of immunity from liability for operators of nuclear power plants have been reduced, the limitation of the compensation amount has been higher etc. In conclusion, the international legal regime for nuclear damage liability has been showing a shift from protecting the development of the nuclear industry to a joint protection of both public health and rights and the nuclear industry.

This study evaluates the efficiency and fairness of China's Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) using a bi-level numerical model. The model comprises a regulatory level that sets the required share of renewables and a market level where electricity producers and consumers respond to these policies. In a perfectly competitive market, carbon pricing is identified as the most efficient policy to promote the development of renewable energy, while the RPS closely approximates an optimal policy tool. By mandating a certain percentage of renewable energy generation, the RPS significantly promotes renewable energy development and substantially reduces emissions. Additionally, RPS improves welfare levels in the central regions, addressing regional welfare disparities. RPS is deemed appropriate, especially considering that China's carbon pricing mechanisms are not yet fully supportive of renewable energy development.

Urban energy-efficient retrofit is an important path to reduce energy consumption and carbon emission. However, balancing environmental and economic benefits and making choices among numerous retrofit packages is challenging for decision-makers. This study proposes a data-driven framework that integrates physical UBEM and machine learning model to evaluate the energy retrofit performance of urban building clusters and assists decision-makers in rapidly selecting the optimal energy-efficient retrofit packages through NSGA-II. The feasibility of the proposed framework is validated using the building clusters of Sipailou campus in Southeast University as a case study and identified 25, 19, and 13 optimal retrofit packages for office, public and education building clusters that minimizes the total energy consumption and carbon emissions while maximizing economic benefits from 343 retrofit packages of each cluster in a 30-year retrofit period.

The ultra large aspect ratio gear structure is increasingly widely used in gearboxes for aerospace, high-speed equipment, and heavy equipment to meet the performance requirements of narrow center distance and high torque. The conventional gear specification calculation accuracy is difficult to meet the performance requirements of ultra large aspect ratio gears. The article comprehensively summarizes the current mainstream methods for gear modification and dynamic performance research. It is recommended to use the finite element method to calculate the bending deformation, shear deformation, compression deformation, gear matrix deformation, Hertz contact deformation, and gear meshing stiffness of the gear teeth, coupled with the bending and torsional deformation of the gear shaft under bearing constraints. In the presence of uncertain factors such as manufacturing and installation, accurate gear contact deformation and modification results can be calculated. Furthermore, a robust optimization method for uncertain systems is adopted to reduce the transmission error fluctuations of gears from the source of gearbox vibration, in order to achieve robust dynamic optimization effects.

Cenospheres, as an important value-added product in fly ash, are particles with a hollow spherical structure. Cenospheres are widely used in industry for their unique properties. However, most of the industries use wet separation, which consumes a lot of water and land resources and pollutes the ecological environment, so it is of great significance to study dry separation. In this study, a customized cyclone separator was used to separate cenospheres from fly ash, and the effect of inlet wind speed on the separation efficiency was investigated. The best separation efficiency was achieved at an inlet wind speed of 13 m/s for a fly ash mixture configured with 15% hollow cenospheres, with a Newton's efficiency of 0.687, which is slightly higher than that of the wet method of 0.6. The larger the pore size, the easier the cenospheres could be separated.

Ibuprofen, as one of the pharmaceuticals and personal care products, accumulates continuously in the environment with its increasing usage, posing pollution and potential threats to human health through various ways. Therefore, there is a pressing need to explore efficient methods for the degradation of ibuprofen. This paper primarily discusses current chemical and biological degradation approach of ibuprofen, explores the use of catalysts and degradation techniques in different degradation methods, and do comparative analysis of different degradation ways. The advantages and disadvantages of different methods in practice will be discussed and some problems which may encountered during the degradation process will be identified to provide references for further research on efficient degradation methods for ibuprofen.

The odor in a car can have a negative impact on human health, mood, and mentality. Therefore, it is imperative to find an appropriate method to trace the odor and identify the substances that cause it. Three odor testing methods were utilized to evaluate seat-related materials. Subjective evaluation still holds an advantage in odor typing, and many odor types of vehicles and seats are inevitably correlated. By combining subjective and objective methods, 11 types of odor substances can be identified using GC-MSODP. Based on these substances, the relationship with the odor type can be determined in a single step. As a purely objective testing method, GC-IMS can identify 16 types of odor substances by leveraging its principle advantages, which can replace the olfactory identification of the ODP process, reduce harm to personnel, and also facilitate large-scale testing. Degree analysis and other procedures can be employed to effectively control product consistency. However, to achieve better odor traceability and consistency control, it is necessary to develop accurate quantitative methods for GC-IMS.

Hollow microbeads, derived from fly ash emitted by power plants, are hollow microbeads composed of various compounds including SiO2 and Al2O3. These microspheres exhibit a high specific surface area and stable chemical properties. In this work, HM-MoS2 was synthesized through a two-step hydrothermal method to address the issues of low adsorption efficiency and high operational costs associated with the utilization of hollow microbeads in actual power plant applications. The experiments demonstrated that under simulated power plant flue gas conditions, the adsorption efficiency of HM-15 for elemental mercury (Hg0) exceeded 96%. Additionally, HM-15 displayed resistance to SO2 and NO gases, indicating its potential as a mercury adsorbent material with promising industrial applications.

Taking the dense sandstone gas reservoirs of Shibang Group and Shanxi Group in Dongsheng area of Ordos Basin as an example, based on the characterization of the dense sandstone reservoirs in the study area in terms of petrological features, pore structure and diagenesis, we carried out real sandstone microscopic seepage experiments to analyze the gas-water seepage law and fluid storage state of different types of reservoirs, and systematically evaluated the efficiency of gas-water repulsion from the dense sandstone reservoirs and the microscopic influencing factors. The results show that the study area has strong non-homogeneity and different degrees of pore density, so a variety of fluid transportation channels are formed, and different transportation channels represent different types of evacuation. When the residual pore space and dense sandstone microporous space exist at the same time, gas and water are mainly transported along the residual pore space, and the microporous space of the dense particles almost does not enter; gas and water transport is very much affected by permeability, and the transport resistance will increase with the decrease of permeability; the pressure has a certain effect on the efficiency of the replacement, but it can only improve the efficiency of the replacement to a certain extent; the fluids in the process of rock transport, there will be varying degrees of bubbles stuck off In the process of fluid transport in the rock, there will be different degrees of bubble jamming phenomenon, resulting in the transport needs to overcome a large capillary resistance, which greatly increases the replacement pressure; for the low-permeability sandstones in Hangjinqi area, the good homogeneity of the pore structure of the conductor does not mean that the transport effect is good, in the area of the conductor pore space is strongly developed, the gas-water transport will form an advantageous channel, and its transport effect is better.

This paper focuses on niobium applications in the steel industry, aerospace industry, electronics industry, superconducting alloys, medical and other fields. As the demand of niobium resources is increasing year by year, this paper also introduces the distribution and characteristics of niobium resources in the world, and the characteristics of niobium resources in Bayan Obo. As well as the current situation and main methods of niobium resources development and utilization.

Unmanned delivery has been developed rapidly worldwide in recent years. In China, A number of enterprises have carried out fixed-point trial operation for closed parks, tourist attractions and other areas. It is necessary to study and propose a test method for testing the basic performance and safety design of unmanned delivery vehicles. Scenario-based testing method is more efficient than mileage testing. Based on the typical scenarios faced by the unmanned vehicle in the process of driving, this paper studies and proposes eight specific test scenarios for the unmanned delivery vehicle test, and puts forward the criteria for passing the test. This research can help improve the safety of unmanned delivery vehicles in the design and development process.

As the economy continues to advance, and the populace's demand for material well-being grows, urban areas are witnessing an increasing need for electricity supply. Substations, playing a pivotal role in the power industry, are proliferating in terms of both quantity and construction scale. Reinforced concrete substation buildings are a common infrastructure that provides a suitable physical environment for the operation of power equipment. A thorough examination and analysis conducted through on-site investigations have unveiled deficiencies in the low-carbon design and operation of substation buildings, resulting in energy wastage and extra carbon emissions. Consequently, this study endeavors to introduce a method for calculating carbon emissions during the operational phase of reinforced concrete structure substations. It also presents corresponding strategies for low-carbon design and operation. These strategies encompass low-carbon design principles for the building envelope structure, the utilization of renewable energy, low-carbon design considerations for artificial lighting, and the implementation of intelligent environmental control systems. The strategies proposed in this research provide valuable ideas for making the power and construction industries more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient.

Under the condition of low temperature 5 ℃, five kinds of early strength agents were combined with polycarboxylic acid admixture to explore the effect of the mixed early strength polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer on the low temperature early strength. The results show that the composite early strength polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer has a good low temperature early strength enhancement performance. Among them, NaNO2 compound modification, compared with other early strength agents after the compound effect, has a better low temperature early strength enhancement performance advantage.

Broussonetia papyrifera is an important environmental restoration tree emerging in recent years, who has a good ability to resist heavy metal pollution such as Mn and Cd. In order to explore the content changes of different components of B. papyrifera’s fruits under Mn stress, the content characteristics of the chemical compounds and antioxidant capacity were determined in the study, comparing Mn mining area with control. The content of total sugar and total protein of B. papyrifera fruits in the Mn mining area is not significantly different from that in the control area, including fruits of different development stages (p > 0.05). However, the content of polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, K, Ca, Mg and Mn are significantly different (p

A ternary alloy catalyst, CoNi-Pt/C-600, was prepared using a simple polyol method and thermal annealing treatment, and its oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance in acidic medium was studied.X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the catalyst particles. These techniques provided information on the structure and morphology of the catalyst. Electrochemical testing was conducted to evaluate the ORR activity and stability of the catalyst. CoNi-Pt/C-600 was compared with JM Pt/C. The results showed that the mass activity (MA) of CoNi-Pt/C-600 was 1.87 times higher than that of JM Pt/C (CoNi-Pt/C-600: 174.02 mA/mgPt, JM Pt/C: 93.22 mA/mgPt). The specific activity (SA) of CoNi-Pt/C-600 was 3.60 times higher than that of JM Pt/C (CoNi-Pt/C-600: 0.6537 mA/m2Pt, JM Pt/C: 0.1814 mA/m2Pt). This indicates that CoNi-Pt/C-600 exhibits better ORR activity. Furthermore, durability testing demonstrated the superior electrocatalytic performance of CoNi-Pt/C-600. In conclusion, this study successfully prepared a ternary alloy catalyst, CoNi-Pt/C-600, with excellent ORR activity and stability. This research provides valuable reference for the development of efficient catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction.

The utilization of mountain wind resources are important issues in the development of wind energy. However, when wind flows over mountainous terrain, its velocity and direction undergo certain changes, resulting in more complex mountain wind fields and induced structural wind effects. To study the distribution characteristics of horizontal wind in mountainous areas, in this study, wind tunnel experiments were conducted on regular mountain models with different slopes to investigate the wind field characteristics at various locations in the mountain range. The research shows that near the mountain surface, the wind speed and velocity ratio follow the order of mountain top > mountain waist > mountain foot, with a wind acceleration effect at the mountain top (wind speed ratio greater than 1) and a wind deceleration effect at the mountain foot and waist (wind speed ratio less than 1). As the height increases, the wind speed ratios gradually approach 1. Moreover, with an increase in slope ratio, the wind speed decreases at the mountain foot and increases at the mountain top. And with the increase of the slope leads to an increasing difference in wind speed ratio between the mountain top and the foot.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are common emitting substances in vehicle interior parts and materials, with a wide range of boiling points (50-250°C) and a polarity range ranging from medium to non-polar, at least 200 species. Currently, VOC sampling mainly uses Tenax TA sorbent for collection, which has good stability and is suitable for weakly polar to non-polar substances between C6-C16. But there are many types of VOC substances, and each substance has its unique characteristics. Tenax TA is not suitable for all substances, and it is not the best sorbent choice for substances with medium polarity or low carbon number. In recent years, the vehicle and indoor environmental standards are open to the selection of sorbent, no longer limiting the type of sorbent sorbent, and more sampling tubes mixed with different sorbent types have emerged to achieve the best sampling results. After summarizing the common emitted substances in the car, this article selects 6 common types of sorbents or mixed sorbents for substance collection, and searches for the optimal sorbent type for each substance.

There is still some controversy about the room-temperature ferromagnetism generated by transition metal-doped TiO2 and its magnetic generation. In this paper, the samples with different doping ratio were prepared to verify the magnetism of doped TiO2, and then the geometry of copper-doped Ti16O32 supercell system was optimized by using the overall energy density function theory (DFT) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The results show that the doped energy band diagram shows electron self-selective cleavage near the Fermi energy level and the addition of Cu atoms does produce ferromagnetism. The magnitude of the induced magnetic moment is related to the distance of Cu atoms and oxygen vacancies. The system with a doped Cu-Cu distance of 3.82 A is more stable, and the ferromagnetism of the doped phase is more stable and lower 29 meV than the antiferromagnetic state in the absence of oxygen vacancies (Cu2Ti14O32), while a magnetic burst occurs in Cu2Ti14O30 after the formation of oxygen vacancies. Magnetic Cu-TiO2 may become a promising adsorbent to be applied in the field of pollutant control.

The paper presents the results of an experimental study aimed at evaluating the stress-strain response of unsaturated tailings (Mixed Plant Reject and Dewatered Tailings) from a mine in Queensland, Australia, which can be applied to further optimise current tailings disposal strategies of the mine. Triaxialtests at constant gravimetric water content were performed on specimens prepared at different compaction states using dynamic and static methods, to determine their shear strength. The dynamically compactedspecimens display a higher strength than that statically compacted ones, which highlights the significance of stress history for tailings strength. As-compacted and post-testing suction measurements, performed using a high-capacity tensiometer, showed a reduction in matric suction irrespective of the material type, which is caused by mechanical wetting. The strength envelope was found to be non-linear, partly because of suction changes during testing. Post-testing suction measurement showed spatial variability within each specimen, with the central part of the samples experiencing the maximum suction reduction. The paper concludes with a discussion on the interpretation of such results.

Firstly, the influence of building design factors on building carbon emissions was analysed, and the influence of building form factor, building orientation and building envelope on building carbon emissions was simulated and studied, which shows that the south-facing direction has the lowest building carbon emissions, the external window shading factor is negatively related to building carbon emissions, and all other factors are positively related to building carbon emissions. The existing low carbon evaluation systems were then analysed, most of which suffer from a lack of carbon emission calculation methods and a lack of comprehensive scoring methods. This paper establishes an evaluation index system based on the principles of evaluation system construction, determines the benchmarks for index evaluation based on energy saving standards and research data, delineates the range of evaluation index parameters and the percentage of scores, and establishes an evaluation index system. The weights of the evaluation indicators were calculated using hierarchical analysis and combined with expert questionnaires, and a comprehensive scoring method was established based on the weights to build a building carbon emission evaluation system.

In the current context of “peak carbon emissions and carbon neutral”, today’s society has put forward higher requirements for reducing building energy consumption. Therefore, to address the problems of high energy consumption and poor comfort of central air conditioning system in large public buildings, this paper proposes an energy-saving control method for fan coil unit based on auto-counting of people number to reduce the operating energy consumption of air conditioning system as much as possible while meeting the comfort of indoor personnel. It is concluded that the operation strategy can effectively reduce the operational energy consumption of the air conditioning system by 20%. It is applicable to the central air conditioning system of public buildings with large changes in the number of people, and has certain application prospects.

Under the current background of common prosperity, studying the dynamic relationship between the new urbanization, urban-rural income gap and economic growth in the Yangtze River Delta is conducive to the coordinated and integrated development of our country. Based on the relevant data of the Yangtze River Delta from 2001 to 2020, the VECM model is used for impulse response and variance decomposition analysis. The results show that economic growth significantly affects the development of new urbanization; The impact of new urbanization and economic growth on urban-rural income gap is heterogeneous; Both have a positive impact on economic growth, but the new urbanization has a stronger role in promoting economic growth.

At present, Energy storage systems are widely used in power supply, power grid and end-users system. There have been extensive application explorations in most application scenarios in China, such as smoothing power fluctuation and output tracking of new energy sources, assisting conventional units to participate in frequency modulation, peak-shaving frequency modulation of the power grid, system standby, peak-valley arbitrage of the load side, as well as demand reduction. This paper firstly investigates the typical operation modes of energy storage applied to new energy consumption scenarios, and analyzes three important technical approaches in order to promote new energy consumption, such as energy storage to stabilize fluctuation, tracking output and peak load balancing. Secondly, to evaluate the economic benefits of energy storage allocation in new energy projects in different regions of China by using the self-developed software for economic analysis of new energy and comprehensive energy system; thereafter the strategic suggestions for energy storage allocation in different regions are proposed. The results show that it is economical for wind power owners to build Pumped Thermal Energy Storage (PTES) and it is even cheaper to purchase PTES by wind power owners than to build electrochemical energy storage (EES) batteries by users when the same conditions of energy storage applies. Owner-built and owner-allocated Photovoltaic (PV) power station is poor in economy. Under the same energy storage condition, when the allocated energy of 1MW PV power generation is less than 200 kW, EES is relatively more economical than PTES.

Strawberry Plant Area in Chengde is located in the Jingcheng Golden Tour Corridor. The main plantings in the area are strawberries, however in recent years, there have been problems such as insufficient supply of surrounding land and specialization of pesticide formulations. In this study, through testing and analysis of 30 nutrients and total metal elements, 7 efficient statuses of elements, pH and soil organic matter in surface soil samples, status of soil nutrients, soil environment and soil quality are comprehensive evaluated in the region. Based on the complete water quality analysis of irrigation water, the directional fertilization formula for the Quaternary accumulation area and the geological suggestion for the replacement of other high-quality soil for melioration are put forward to provide support for the sustainable development of Strawberry Plant Area.

The article analyzes the comprehensive development levels of the three subsystems of Chongqing's tourism, urbanization and ecological environment from 2000 to 2017, and the temporal evolution characteristics of the coordinated development of the three. The results show that: (1) The comprehensive evaluation index of Chongqing's tourism industry system and urbanization system is on the rise; the comprehensive ecological environment index showed an upward trend before 2008, and fluctuated greatly after 2008. (2) The degree of coupling and coordination of the three systems in Chongqing City generally shows a transformational trend of maladjustment recession-intermediate transition-coordination improvement. In the future, Chongqing should continue to deepen institutional reforms and continue to develop new tourism markets; improve transportation, promote enterprise transformation and upgrading, implement policies for talent introduction; strengthen the construction of environmental protection talents and capital investment, and vigorously develop ecological industries

Patent strategy has become an important strategic means to elevate independent innovation capability and international competitiveness of emerging industry. Thus, based on connotation analysis of patent strategy of emerging industry, the paper designs influencing factors analysis framework for industry patent strategy, and puts forward industry patent strategy position, and then builds promoting process of industry patent strategy around patent development, application, use and protection, so as to provide theory and method support for patent strategy management of emerging industry.

As an important carrier of Chinese culture, traditional culture plays a two-way role in function of social education and cultural communication. In recent years, digital technology has been constantly updated and developed, making the interaction between traditional culture and users more convenient, efficient, and flexible. Based on the communication status of traditional culture, this study analyzes the theoretical level of traditional culture and combines the three aspects of form, color and connotation in interaction design. This paper discusses the design method of combining traditional cultural characteristics with expression methods in digital context.

In this paper, a new substation inspection robot system is introduced, to meet the application requirements of multi-parameter full-station automatic hierarchical inspection of the insulation status of power equipment in UHV ( Ultra-High Voltage ) substation. The system is designed to control the inspection of substation robots, including identifying the number of meters on the cabinet, measuring partial discharge, measuring temperature and humidity and so on . The system is divided into two parts. One part runs in the robot body ,which is called the body control system , and it contains web server, robot ground control system and database. The other part runs on external industrial computer, which is called station control service system. The function of the body control system is more specific, mainly for controlling its own motor driver, in order to complete its own motion. The station control service system achieves important logic control, including configuring inspection plan, visual recognition, robot walking path planning, and writing inspection results into the database.

Three-dimensional geological modeling is an important means to transparently study the three-dimensional geological spatial structure and change trend of major complex rock mass projects, and plays a very important role in the decision-making and mining of major projects. Today’s modeling methods rely too much on the required data, the process is cumbersome and the time is relatively long. Therefore, based on the above discussion, this article uses a complete open source code geological modeling method here, based on the implicit potential field interpolation method of the open source GemPy package, using this interpolation algorithm can be relatively simple to build a complex full three-dimensional geological model, Including fault network, fault surface interaction, unconformity and dome structure. The article describes in detail how to construct the faults and strata of the 3D geological model, and how to add topographic maps, and use the generated model as input data, use MOOSE to voxelize it, and export the required data, use NMM Perform stability analysis. This method has the advantages of simple operation, fast modeling speed, and visual interactive operation. The establishment of a three-dimensional geological model of the fractured rock mass was very effective, laying a solid foundation for the subsequent stability analysis.

As a sudden public health event, the COVID-19 epidemic has brought a tremendous impact on the economic and social development of China. Its biggest and most direct impact is in the tertiary industry, especially the cultural tourism industry, which has a more far-reaching impact. This paper takes Guangxi as an example to study the current situation, problems, and future development direction of the cultural tourism industry in the post-epidemic era. The study found that the response to the epidemic in ethnic minority areas represented by Guangxi was timely and rapid, but due to their industrial resilience and the impact of the epidemic, the revitalization of the culture and tourism industry is still facing severe challenges. Therefore, this article put forward the key countermeasure to promote the cultural tourism industry revitalization of ethnic minority areas from list management, elements of development management, project construction, industry integration, and international cooperation, to provide policy recommendations and theoretical basis for the revitalization of the cultural tourism industry in ethnic minority areas.

Taking Scopus database as data source, CiteSpace was used to construct knowledge map of environmental cost accounting research, and the current research hotspots and future research trends in this field were analyzed. According to the research results, relevant suggestions are put forward to provide reference for the development of environmental cost accounting research.

This experiment researched and constructed a complex with good fluorescence properties, which can be used to detect the content of felodipine. It provides a new and reliable method for the determination of felodipine. The actual sample of felodipine was successfully tested, and the test result was compared with the labeled content. It was proved that the content determined in this experiment was basically consistent with the standard content in the sample, and the reproducibility was good. Therefore, this method can be used to determine the content of felodipine in drugs, and even the content of felodipine in different substances.

Transportation industry is the leading capital of social and economic development, which plays an important role in regional economic development. Based on the data of Tibet Autonomous Region in the past 15 years, this paper makes further grey relation analysis and elastic analysis on the basis of analyzing the current situation of its transportation industry and economic development, obtains the conclusion about the development relationship between them. The empirical results show that there is a close relationship between the transportation industry and economic growth in Tibet Autonomous Region, and the development of them is in a state of coordination on the whole. Among them, the promotion effect of freight transport on the economic growth of Tibet is greater than that of passenger transport, and the belt action of economic growth on railway transport is much greater than that on highway transport.

Atmospheric water vapor plays a vital role in global climate change. It not only affects local weather and climate but also influences the global water cycle and energy balance. Therefore, an accurate understanding of the atmospheric water vapor content and its changes are of great importance for forecasting climate, understanding global climate change, and studying the greenhouse effect. In this paper, the inversion of atmospheric water vapor content was conducted by FY3B/MERSI data, and verification was made by comparing with the sounding data, ground water vapor pressure data, and AQUA/MODIS water vapor content data. The results show that FY3B/MERSI atmospheric water vapor content has a significant positive correlation with the sounding water vapor content, ground water vapor pressure data, and AQUA/MODIS water vapor content data. Among them, the correlation with the sounding water vapor content is the most significant. An inversion correction model of MERSI atmospheric water vapor content can be established to improve the inversion accuracy.

This paper analyses the unusual mal-operation of the differential protection for transformer current differential protection during the external fault. The mal-operation reason is researched in detail, based on the mathematical analysis, the simulation, and the field recorded fault data analysis. It is disclosed that the CT saturation leads to the maloperation. Based on this, this paper analyses the improvement for the CT saturation identification method, and discusses the CT selection principles. This paper is aimed at attracting the attention on the problem of the CT saturation and proposing the reference of the analysis method the countermeasure for this problem.

The complex structure of double inlet gas flue has a significant influence on gas flow field distribution in a 1000MW coal-fired boiler’s low temperature economizer. In order to optimize gas flow field of the low temperature economizer with double inlet gas flues and reduce its failure rate, this paper presents a flow field simulation of the low temperature economizer based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This numerical simulation was operated by using porous media model instead of the complex structure inside heat exchanger and the standard k-epsilon model. Velocity contours of a same vertical cross-section inside of inlet gas flue of the heat exchange zone in different numerical simulations were evaluated by the evaluation standard of RSM. The results of numerical simulation show that the main reasons for uneven distribution of flow field in economizer and its inlet gas flues are unequal diameter of flue elbow and straight flue, unreasonable setting of guide plate and diffusion flue elbow. After making structural optimization of the low temperature economizer such as equalizing elbow to the straight flue diameter and setting the guide plate reasonably, the flow field in the low temperature economizer and its flues are obviously improved.

With the rapid development of the global automobile industry, energy and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. In order to realize the sustainable development of new energy, automobile industry has become the direction of new energy. Due to the relatively mature energy storage technology, high efficiency of driving motor and mature control mode, electric vehicles have become the main development direction of new energy vehicles. The main work of this paper is to study the characteristics of various driving motors, design a motor which can meet the performance index of pure electric vehicle, and select an appropriate control scheme.

Researches about renewable rechargeable battery have attracted the attention of many scholars, due to increasing demands of energy and global energy crisis. Zinc-air batteries are one of most promising energy sources, but the morphological changes and forming dendritic of zinc anodes greatly limit their cycle life during the charging-discharging process. In order to improve zinc-air batteries electrochemical performance and control dendritic growth, surface of zinc anodes is irradiated by femtosecond laser with different power. The electrochemical results indicate that zinc anodes of zinc-air batteries with different surface structures show different electrochemical properties. Due to the removing oxide layer on the surface of zinc anode, adding contact areas of zinc anodes and electrolytes, and restraining dendritic growth by femtosecond laser processing, first discharge time of zinc anodes with surface structures of zinc-air batteries is about 10 times than that of without processing. It is also found that more intense chemical reactions occur in the area treated by femtosecond laser.

In the process of gas hydrate exploitation, methane leakage needs to be monitored in real time, so an in-situ electrical monitoring system for methane leakage is designed. The monitoring system is mainly composed of monitoring cable, acquisition station, power module and general control platform. According to the electrical principle, the system carries out regional monitoring on the seabed formation, forms the resistivity map, and realizes methane leakage monitoring. The cost of the monitoring system is low, and it can be remotely controlled or automatically collected data according to the preset program, so the system has good application and research value.

This paper uses the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) as the basic framework, and evaluates the water environment risk management technology of the river basin in Liaoning Province, so as to scientifically and reasonably measure the advantages and disadvantages of the existing technology.The research results show that the best technical indicator is the research management technology of water environment quality monitoring technology; the best environmental indicator is the management technology of the research project of water quality safety assessment and early warning management technology in the basin. The highest overall score is the water environment quality monitoring technology method research management technology. Each management technology has certain advantages, and the management technology should be used jointly.

For studying the physiological response of two different Dianthus caryophyllus cultivars on Cd stress, pot experiment was carried out to measure proline and glutathione in leaves, five types of organic acids in root exudates (oxalic acid, malic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid), soluble sugars and free amino acids, root length, root surface area, root volume, root projected area and Cadmium content in soil, plant roots and aboveground. According to the effects of cadmium stress on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of two Dianthus caryophyllus, the results showed that: the growth of two cultivars are affected, “Master” and “Xiao Yan” are manifested as plant height, leaf, flower buds and biomass decreased, but the “Master” by the stronger inhibitory effect. The root length, total root surface area, total root projected area, and average root diameter of the “Master” increased under cadmium stress, but the root volume decreased. However, the root length, total root surface area, root volume, and root projected area of the “Xiao Yan” under cadmium stress decreased, while the average root diameter increased. The glutathione in the leaves of the two cultivars decreased, the proline content of the leaves of the “Xiao Yan” increased, while that of the “Master” decreased. In the root exudates, the free amino acid content of the two cultivars are reduced, and the secretion of organic acids is also inhibited (except for the citric acid secreted in the “Master”), while the soluble sugar content in the root exudates is expressed as “Xiao Yan” increased, and the “Master” decreased. According to the physiological response to the two cultivars under cadmium stress, the “Xiao Yan” is more suitable for soil restoration in the mining area of Lanping area.

Construction solid waste has become an important environmental pollution source in the city, and the treatment and application of construction solid waste has become the focus of attention. Construction waste recycled aggregates have defects such as high water absorption and micro cracks, which affect its extensive application. In order to improve the utilization rate of recycled aggregates, the influence of different replacement rates of recycled aggregates on the mechanical properties of concrete is studied in this paper. The results show that with the increase of replacement rate of recycled aggregates, the 3-day, 7-day and 28-day compressive strength, splitting strength and cohesive force of concrete decrease gradually, but the mechanical properties of concrete decrease slowly at 3 days and 7 days, and decrease obviously at 28 days. Moreover, with the increase of replacement rate of recycled aggregates, the decline trend of mechanical properties is not obvious. Compared with natural aggregate concrete, the 28-day compressive strength, splitting strength and cohesive force of 100% recycled aggregate concrete are reduced by 16.1%, 20.1% and 18.1% respectively, but the mechanical properties meet the requirements of C30 concrete, which provides a reference for engineering application.

The paper analyses the possible alternative routes of Suez Canal and establishes the model to decide under what conditions a container vessel should deviate from its original route. Some suggestions are proposed to help shipping companies to make decisions. The result shows that time of canal congestion is the most important factor for ships to make decisions, the blockage has great impact on Asia-Mediterranean route, and the selection time of detour is further extended considering the time value of cargo.

The objective of this article is to summarize the available technologies for biosensing applications in COVID-19. The article is divided into three parts, an introduction to biosensing technologies, applications of mainstream biosensing technologies and a review of biosensing applications in COVID-19. The introduction of biosensors presents the history of inventing the biosensing technology, which refers to the ISFET. The resonant biosensor with the example of MEMS. the principle of optical biosensor, and the thermal biosensor. In the second part, the main use of biosensing techniques, it was discussed the field of the food industry, environmental monitoring, and the medical industry. In the part of biosensor application in COVID-19, it was mentioned that the technique of POCT, the use of RT-LAMP-NBS in the early detection in China, and the use in gRT-PCR for the detection of the DNA code to determine the presence of pathogen of COVLD-19 in the human body.

Taking the Dadu River Basin in the Danba area of Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province as the research area, based on the 2013 and 2016 Landsat8 remote sensing images, the temperature vegetation drought index (TVDI) method is used to divide the Dadu River dry valley into 6 arid gradient regions. Using ArcGIS10.5 software and Fragstats4.2 software to calculate the landscape pattern index of different arid gradient areas in different years, combined with the survey results of agricultural policies, development models, and agricultural landscape patterns in key regions, analyze the evolution of agricultural landscape patterns under different drought gradients. The results show that, except for other forestlands, the degree of landscape fragmentation is decreasing year by year on the gradient of light and moderate drought, and the degree of spatial heterogeneity is higher. On the gradient of extreme drought, the degree of landscape fragmentation is higher, and the degree of spatial heterogeneity is lower.

Global warming poses a serious threat to agriculture and natural systems, in part because of the change of soil moisture content, which changes soil microbial communities and ecological processes. Soil water content is the main factor limiting the growth of plants in soil. Microbial communities rely on soil water to complete their activities, and reveal the changes of underground microbial communities under different soil moisture content, which will help us to further understand the potential impact of climate change on soil ecosystem. To investigate the soil bacterial community structure, we established experiment indoor in the West foot of Daxing’an Mountains with manipulative water content treatments consisting of 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 0%. Results showed that bacterial community composition varied significantly with altered drought stress , but community richness did not. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria increased with the increase of drought stress, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadota decreased with the increase of drought stress, actinobacteria was more likely to accumulate or maintain stable under drought stress, bacterial communities can responding directly to changes in soil moisture.

The complete mRNA sequence of one tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) gene—guanosine monophosphate (GMP)synthase, was amplified using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends methods. The full-length tobacco GMP synthase gene mRNA was 2,127bp containing a 1,617 bp open reading frame, which encodes a protein of 538 amino acids. Sequence analysis revealed that the GMP synthase of tobacco shares high homology with the GMP synthase of wood tobacco(99%), nicotiana attenuata(99%), nicotiana tomentosiformis(99%), potato(92%), Lycopersicon pennellii(92%), lycopersicon esculentum(92%), capsicum annuum(91%), capsicum chinense(91%) and capsicum baccatum(90%). BLAST analysis within the tobacco high throughout genomic sequences database revealed that this gene has 5 introns and 6 exons. Results also showed that tobacco GMP synthase gene has a closer genetic relationship with the GMP synthase gene of wood tobacco. Tissue expression profile analysis revealed that the tobacco GMP synthase gene was highly expressed in leaf, but moderately expressed in root, flower and stem. Our experiment established the foundation for further research on this tobacco gene.