1. Increased expression of endocan in arthritic synovial tissues: effects of adiponectin on the expression of endocan in fibroblast-like synoviocytes.
- Author
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Kim KS, Lee YA, Ji HI, Song R, Kim JY, Lee SH, Hong SJ, Yoo MC, and Yang HI
- Subjects
- Adiponectin metabolism, Adiponectin pharmacology, Arthritis metabolism, Arthritis pathology, Arthritis, Rheumatoid genetics, Arthritis, Rheumatoid metabolism, Arthritis, Rheumatoid pathology, Cell Movement drug effects, Endothelial Cells drug effects, Endothelial Cells metabolism, Fibroblasts drug effects, Fibroblasts metabolism, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Neoplasm Proteins metabolism, Osteoarthritis genetics, Osteoarthritis metabolism, Osteoarthritis pathology, Proteoglycans metabolism, RNA Interference, RNA, Small Interfering genetics, Synovial Membrane cytology, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A genetics, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A metabolism, Arthritis genetics, Gene Expression, Neoplasm Proteins genetics, Proteoglycans genetics, Synovial Membrane metabolism
- Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate whether endocan expression, which is known to be involved in tumor angiogenesis, was increased in rheumatoid arthritic tissues. In addition, the involvement of adiponectin in the regulation of endocan expression in arthritic joints was examined. Arthritic synovial tissues from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or osteoarthritis (OA) were immunostained with antibodies to endocan and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Subsequently, synovial cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured and stimulated with interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) or adiponectin. The mRNA and protein levels of endocan were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction and ELISA, respectively. Endocan expression was markedly increased in the inflammatory sites of RA synovial tissues. In OA tissues, endocan expression was higher in tissues displaying moderate and severe inflammation than in those with mild inflammation. In vitro expression levels of endocan and VEGF in endothelial and synovial cells were differentially increased in response to IL-1β stimulation. Adiponectin was a more potent stimulant of endocan than IL-1β at their respective physiological concentrations in synovial cells. Endocan silencing by small interfering RNA transfection of synovial cells decreased in vitro cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, adiponectin is an important factor in the stimulation of endocan expression in synovial cells. Adiponectin-induced endocan expression in synovial cells may stimulate cell migration and invasion as well as angiogenesis in the pannus of arthritic joints.
- Published
- 2015
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