1. Effects of Diets Differing in Composition of 18-C Fatty Acids on Adipose Tissue Thermogenic Gene Expression in Mice Fed High-Fat Diets.
- Author
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Shin S and Ajuwon KM
- Subjects
- Adipocytes drug effects, Adipocytes metabolism, Animals, Blood Glucose metabolism, Cholesterol blood, Dietary Fats analysis, Insulin blood, Linoleic Acid pharmacology, Lipid Metabolism drug effects, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Norepinephrine pharmacology, Oleic Acid pharmacology, Olive Oil analysis, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha genetics, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha metabolism, Safflower Oil analysis, Soybean Oil pharmacology, Uncoupling Protein 1 genetics, Uncoupling Protein 1 metabolism, Up-Regulation, Weight Gain, alpha-Linolenic Acid pharmacology, Adiposity drug effects, Diet, High-Fat, Fatty Acids pharmacology, Gene Expression Regulation, Thermogenesis drug effects
- Abstract
Dietary fatty acids play important roles in the regulation of fat accumulation or metabolic phenotype of adipocytes, either as brown or beige fat. However, a systematic comparison of effects of diets with different composition of 18-C fatty acids on browning/beiging phenotype has not been done. In this study, we compared the effects of different dietary fats, rich in specific 18-carbon fatty acids, on thermogenesis and lipid metabolism. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet containing 5.6% kcal fat from lard and 4.4% kcal fat from soybean oil (CON) or high-fat diets (HFD) containing 25% kcal from lard and 20% kcal fat from shea butter (stearic acid-rich fat; SHB), olive oil (oleic acid-rich oil; OO), safflower oil (linoleic acid-rich oil; SFO), or soybean oil (mixed oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acids; SBO) ad libitum for 12 weeks, with or without a terminal 4-h norepinephrine (NE) treatment. When compared to SHB, feeding OO, SFO, and SBO resulted in lower body weight gain. The OO fed group had the highest thermogenesis level, which resulted in lower body fat accumulation and improved glucose and lipid metabolism. Feeding SFO downregulated expression of lipid oxidation-related genes and upregulated expression of lipogenic genes, perhaps due to its high n-6:n-3 ratio. In general, HFD-feeding downregulated Ucp1 expression in both subcutaneous and epididymal white adipose tissue, and suppressed NE-induced Pgc1a expression in brown adipose tissue. These results suggest that the position of double bonds in dietary fatty acids, as well as the quantity of dietary fat, may have a significant effect on the regulation of oxidative and thermogenic conditions in vivo.
- Published
- 2018
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