12,042 results on '"spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared"'
Search Results
2. Fabrication of cellulose/rectorite composite films for sustainable packaging
- Author
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Lu Jin, Jia Xu, Qian Yang, Yujia Huang, Xinjiang Zhang, Wei Yao, Jinshan Wang, Yanteng Zhao, Huafeng Tian, and Meng He
- Subjects
Minerals ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Food Packaging ,General Medicine ,Cellulose ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
In order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by plastic packaging, the development of biodegradable high-performance packaging materials has become a research hotspot. Cellulose is a promising food packaging material, but it usually lacks sufficient ultraviolet (UV) shielding property and mechanical strength. In this work, rectorite microplates were incorporated into the cellulose matrix by a facile blending method to fabricate the composite films. The structure and properties of the composite films were characterized by FT-IR, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis and mechanical properties test etc. The results indicated that rectorite microplates were uniformly distributed in the cellulose matrix. The blocking percentages for UVA and UVB for the cellulose/rectorite composite film with 14 wt% rectorite content (RCRF-14) could reach as high as 97.8 % and 96.0 %, respectively, showing a good UV shielding property. Meanwhile, the addition of rectorite obviously improved the mechanical properties and decreased the water vapor and oxygen permeabilities of the cellulose film, showing a potential application as a sustainable food packaging material.
- Published
- 2023
3. Fabrication and application of chitosan-based biomass composites with fire safety, water treatment and antibacterial properties
- Author
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Wufei Tang, Aozheng Zhang, Youwei Cheng, Wubliker Dessie, Yunhui Liao, Huifang Chen, Zuodong Qin, Xin Wang, and Xiaodong Jin
- Subjects
Chitosan ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Biomass ,General Medicine ,Cellulose ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Water Purification - Abstract
In this work, a biomass composite material (CS@NC@PA-Na) was prepared from chitosan (CS), nano-cellulose (NC) and sodium phytate (PA-Na). The prepared products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The fire/water safety and antimicrobial properties of the CS@NC@PA-Na were fully studied. The results indicated CS@NC@PA-Na (50 mg) could effectively reduce the concentration of methyl orange by 85 % under 30 min adsorption. Meanwhile, only 5 wt% CS@NC@PA-Na could increase the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of epoxy resin composite from 24.5 to 30.1 %, and decrease the peak heat/smoke release rate by 29.5 and 33.3 %, respectively. Moreover, CS@NC@PA-Na also exhibited excellent antibacterial effect. This work provides an efficient, feasible and eco-friendly route for large-scale production of multi-functional CS-based biomass materials that could be used in the fields of fire safety and environmental conservation.
- Published
- 2023
4. Efficiently ion-enhanced adsorption of anion dyes by acrolein crosslinked polyethylenimine/chitosan hydrogel with excellent recycling stability
- Author
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Xin, Wan, Ziqian, Liu, Lingying, Xie, Guo, Qu, Han, Zhang, Biao, Wang, Yan, Li, Yue-Fei, Zhang, and Shicheng, Zhao
- Subjects
Anions ,Chitosan ,Hydrogels ,General Medicine ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Biochemistry ,Kinetics ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Polyethyleneimine ,Adsorption ,Acrolein ,Coloring Agents ,Molecular Biology ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
A novel adsorbent acrolein crosslinked polyethylenimine/chitosan hydrogel (A-PEI/CS) was developed with excellent recycling stability and ion-enhanced effect on removing anionic dye (acid blue 93, AB93) from aquatic environment. For AB93, A-PEI/CS was such an adsorbent with the characteristics of high adsorption capacity up to 1212.4 mg/g and continuous recyle ability of more than 15 times. After 15 desorption-regeneration cycles, the removal rate of A-PEI/CS for AB93 could still be as high as 96 % with imperceptibly downward trend. In addition, the addition of salts (KCl, NaCl and CaCl
- Published
- 2022
5. Effects of the molecular weight of hyaluronan on the conformation and release kinetics of self-assembled 5-fluorouracil-loaded lysozyme-hyaluronan colloidal nanoparticles
- Author
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Maolin, Li, Yanbo, Liu, Jiahao, Wei, Xin, Zhang, Dandan, Han, Songgu, Wu, and Junbo, Gong
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Molecular Weight ,Drug Carriers ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Nanoparticles ,Fluorouracil ,General Medicine ,Hyaluronic Acid ,Particle Size ,Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Lysozyme (LYS) and hyaluronan with low (HA1: 3 kDa), medium (HA2: 120 kDa), and high (HA3: 1200 kDa) molecular weights were used to fabricate lysozyme-hyaluronan colloidal nanoparticles using a green self-assembly method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions promoted the formation of the colloidal nanoparticles. The hydrophobic area of prepared colloidal nanoparticles was quantified using a pyrene fluorescent probe, and the results showed that the LYS-HA3 nanoparticles had the strongest hydrophobic capacity. Furthermore, 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) was used to evaluate encapsulation performance, demonstrating that the LYS-HA3 nanoparticles had the highest encapsulation ability (90 %). All prepared 5-Fu-loaded lysozyme-hyaluronan (5-Fu@LYS-HA) colloidal nanoparticles exhibited excellent long-term storage stability at 4 °C for 60 days. Cellular uptake and in vitro release results indicated that the LYS-HA2 nanoparticles exhibited the highest cellular uptake efficiency, and the LYS-HA3 nanoparticles had the best slow-release effect, while the release process was mainly controlled by the combination of Fickian diffusion and structural relaxation, respectively. This study demonstrates the influence of molecular weight on the conformational and structural properties of colloidal nanoparticles, which has implications for the design of insoluble drug self-assembly systems.
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- 2022
6. Gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol loaded magnesium hydroxide nanocomposite attenuates neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease induced rats
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Manickam, Rajkumar, Karuppaiya, Vimala, Darwin Dasan, Tamiliniyan, Ramasundaram, Thangaraj, Ramakrishnan, Jaganathan, Poomani, Kumaradhas, and Soundarapandian, Kannan
- Subjects
Magnesium Hydroxide ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,Cholinergic Agents ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Antioxidants ,Streptozocin ,Rats ,Nanocomposites ,Oxidative Stress ,Disease Models, Animal ,Alzheimer Disease ,Structural Biology ,Polyvinyl Alcohol ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Animals ,Gelatin ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque formation, neuronal cell death, mitochondrial and cholinergic dysfunction are key indicators of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were tethered with magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)
- Published
- 2022
7. Removal of copper using chitosan beads embedded with amidoxime grafted graphene oxide nanohybids
- Author
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Amara, Nasir, Muhammad, Inaam-Ul-Hassan, Asif, Raza, Mehwish, Tahir, and Tariq, Yasin
- Subjects
Chitosan ,Kinetics ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Water ,Adsorption ,General Medicine ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Copper ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
This study explores a biopolymer-based composite system for metal decontamination of water using copper {Cu (II)} as a model pollutant. Novel composite beads of chitosan and amidoxime grafted graphene oxide (AOGO) were successfully prepared and used for the Cu (II) removal from aqueous solutions. For this purpose, acrylonitrile was first polymerized onto a gamma-irradiated and silanized graphene oxide substrate. The nitrile groups of polyacrylonitrile grafted graphene oxide (GO-g-PAN) were then chemically modified into amidoxime groups to form AOGO nanohybrids. These nanohybrids were mixed with a blend of chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and crosslinked using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) to form composite CP/AOGO beads. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to study the structural changes at each step during the formation of composite beads. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis demonstrated that the beads had a well-developed spherical structure. The adsorption of Cu (II) onto CP/AOGO composite beads was studied under different conditions (initial concentration, pH, and contact time). The results revealed the potential of composite beads in copper removal from aqueous solutions.
- Published
- 2022
8. Characterization of the keratin/polyamide 6 composite fiber's structure and performance prepared by the optimized spinning process based on the rheological analysis
- Author
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Bo Li, Yanli Sun, Jinbo Yao, Yanqin Shen, Hailiang Wu, Jiaying Li, and Meihui Yang
- Subjects
Nylons ,Polymers ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Keratin-6 ,Animals ,Keratins ,General Medicine ,Rheology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
The complex chemical structure of polypeptide and the imperfection of processing technology cause the mechanical properties of regenerated keratin to be hard and brittle. This defect seriously affects the application prospects of keratin materials. To solve the above problems, α-lipoic acid modified keratin (KER) was blended with Polyamide 6 (PA6) and prepared into composite fibers via the wet-spinning method in this work. The spinnability and spinning conditions of the KER/PA6 blend solution were analyzed by rheological theory. The results illustrated that keratin solution will easily form a gel state under certain temperatures and concentrations, which was not conducive to the preparation of regenerated fiber. When the temperature was 45 °C and the mass fraction was 10 %, the viscosity and rheology of the solution were appropriate. The rheological properties of the blend solution showed that too much keratin would make the solution easy to gel, which was not conducive to the preparation of regenerated fibers and may affect the fiber properties. On this basis, the prepared composite fibers were characterized to explore the macromolecular aggregation state of keratin and PA6 in fibers. FT-IR and XRD results proved that there was no chemical reaction between keratin and PA6 in the composite fibers, which belonged to physical blending. At the same time, the two polymers had good compatibility and can be blended at the molecular level. SEM, DSC, and tensile strength test results indicated that when the proportion of keratin was too high, the structure and properties of the composite fibers will have obvious defects, which was consistent with the rheological analysis. Therefore, the blend ratio of keratin/PA6 was determined to be 3:7. Under this condition, the fibers exhibited a homogeneous structure and good thermal properties, especially its mechanical properties were close to wool fibers. The KER/PA6 composite fibers show important research value and can also provide technical reference for the development of regenerated biomass materials.
- Published
- 2022
9. Functionalization of cellulose with amine group and cross-linked with branched epoxy to construct high-performance wood adhesive
- Author
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Jiafeng, Yuan, Guanben, Du, Hongxing, Yang, Sichen, Liu, Yingchen, Wu, Kelu, Ni, Xin, Ran, Wei, Gao, Long, Yang, and Jun, Li
- Subjects
Epoxy Resins ,Structural Biology ,Adhesives ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Water ,General Medicine ,Amines ,Cellulose ,Wood ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Sustainable biomass resources are favored by researchers on account of their biodegradability and biocompatibility, which is a replacement for non-renewable fossil fuels. The development of low-carbon, green, and high-value bio-based adhesives are the inevitable trend of the industry development. However, the main factors limiting their application are poor water resistance and low bonding performance. Herein, the crosslinking network was constructed based on the reaction between the epoxy groups of trimethylolpropane glycidyl ether (TMPEG) and the amino groups of the synthesized aminated cellulose (AC) to form an interlocking bond. Through the synergy of covalent bond, electrostatic interaction, and hydrogen bond, the bonding strength and water resistance of the proposed adhesive can be effectively improved. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (
- Published
- 2022
10. Magnetic chitosan nanoparticles loaded with Amphotericin B: Synthesis, properties and potentiation of antifungal activity against common human pathogenic fungal strains
- Author
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Zahra, Zareshahrabadi, Mohammad, Khorram, Keyvan, Pakshir, Ali-Mohammad, Tamaddon, Mahboobeh, Jafari, Hasti, Nouraei, Niloofar Torabi, Ardekani, Neda, Amirzadeh, Cambyz, Irajie, Alireza, Barzegar, Aida, Iraji, and Kamiar, Zomorodian
- Subjects
Chitosan ,Antifungal Agents ,Structural Biology ,Amphotericin B ,Magnetic Phenomena ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Candida albicans ,Humans ,Nanoparticles ,General Medicine ,Hemolysis ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Amphotericin B has long been regarded as the gold standard for treating invasive fungal infections despite its toxic potential. The main objective of this research was to develop a novel IONPs@CS-AmB formulation in a cost-effective manner in order to enhance AmB delivery performance, with lowering the drug's dose and adverse effects. The chitosan-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs@CS) were synthesized afterward, AmB-loaded IONPs@CS (IONPs@CS-AmB) prepared and characterized by AFM, FT-IR, SEM, EDX, and XRD. Biological activity of the synthesized NPs determined and the cytotoxicity of IONPs@CS-AmB evaluated using the MTT and in vitro hemolysis tests. The IONPs@CS-AmB was synthesized using the coprecipitation method with core-shell structure in size range of 27.70 to ∼70 nm. The FT-IR, XRD and EDX pattern confirmed the successful synthesis of IONPs @CS-AmB. The IONPs@CS-AmB exhibited significant antifungal activity and inhibited the metabolic activity of Candida albicans biofilms. The hemolysis and MTT assays showed that IONPs@CS-AmB is biocompatible with high cell viability when compared to plain AmB and fungizone. The IONPs@CS-AmB is more effective, less toxic and may be a suitable alternative to conventional drug delivery. IONPs@CS-AmB may be a viable candidate for use as a microbial-resistant coating on the surfaces of biomedical devices.
- Published
- 2022
11. Removal of Cr(VI) and Ag(I) by grafted magnetic zeolite/chitosan for water purification: Synthesis and adsorption mechanism
- Author
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Xiaoqi Liu, Yanyun Zhang, Yan Liu, and Ting'an Zhang
- Subjects
Chromium ,Ions ,Chitosan ,Magnetic Phenomena ,General Medicine ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Biochemistry ,Water Purification ,Triethylenephosphoramide ,Kinetics ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Zeolites ,Adsorption ,Molecular Biology ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
In this paper, a novel grafted zeolite/Fe
- Published
- 2022
12. Curcumin encapsulation in self-assembled nanoparticles based on amphiphilic palmitic acid-grafted-quaternized chitosan with enhanced cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties
- Author
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Yinzhuo Xie, Xiaochen Gong, Zheng Jin, Wei Xu, and Kai Zhao
- Subjects
Chitosan ,Drug Carriers ,Curcumin ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Palmitic Acid ,Nanoparticles ,General Medicine ,Particle Size ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Antioxidants - Abstract
The practical application of curcumin (CUR) is greatly limited due to its instability, high hydrophobicity, low bioavailability, and inability to cross the mucosal barrier of gastrointestinal tract. To overcome these disadvantages, several delivery systems have been explored to formulate CUR for oral administration. Nanoparticles (NPs) can significantly enhance oral absorption, bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of drug, however, NPs are limited by the gastrointestinal degradation, mucosal and epithelial barriers. A novel amphiphilic quaternary ammonium chitosan (N-2-HACC) based NP delivery carrier was prepared using palmitic acid (PA) to encapsulate CUR. Palmitoyl chitosan (PA-N-2-HACC) was characterized including FT-IR
- Published
- 2022
13. Chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide influence digestibility of whey protein isolate through electrostatic interaction
- Author
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Linlin, Wang, Lilong, Wang, Chengrong, Wen, Nan, Wang, Chunhong, Yan, Caihong, Shen, and Shuang, Song
- Subjects
Chitosan ,Whey Proteins ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Static Electricity ,Oligosaccharides ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Chitosan (CTS)/chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) and whey protein isolate (WPI) have been frequently used as food supplements, but notably, the interaction between the carbohydrate and the protein may affect the digestibility of protein. Thus, the present study focused on effects of the interaction between CTS/COS and WPI on the protein digestibility. A series of chemical and spectroscopic techniques including gel electrophoresis, gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, intrinsic fluorescence (IF) spectroscopy, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy were applied. According to the findings, both CTS and COS dramatically reduced intestinal digestibility of WPI, resulting in a decrease of DH by 43.33 % and 52.31 %, respectively. The substitution degree of WPI on CTS was 0.87 g WPI/g CTS, and the electrostatic interaction between amine groups of CTS and carboxyl groups of WPI caused changes in WPI's stability, microstructure, and fluorescence intensity. Notably, CTS affected the digestibility of WPI by precipitating protein and enzyme, whereas COS altered WPI's digestibility by decreasing or inactivating enzyme activity. The present study offered a solid scientific foundation for the rational formulations of carbohydrates and proteins in food industry.
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- 2022
14. Chitosan based micro and nano-particulate delivery systems for bacterial prodigiosin: Optimization and toxicity in animal model system
- Author
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Subhasree, Majumdar, Tamal, Mandal, and Dalia Dasgupta, Mandal
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Chitosan ,Prodigiosin ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry ,HEK293 Cells ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Models, Animal ,Animals ,Humans ,Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System ,Molecular Biology ,Zebrafish ,Serratia marcescens - Abstract
Prodigiosin, a red bacterial pigment is a compound with promising therapeutic properties. Major hindrance in applying prodigiosin in pharmaceutics is the insolubility in water and lack of bioavailability. This study aims to optimize two different types of chitosan based delivery systems, microspheres and nanoparticles for prodigiosin derived from Serratia marcescens NITDPER1 through Taguchi method and determine toxicity perspectives. The results revealed 0.5 % chitosan, 1 % sodium-alginate and 5 % CaCl
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- 2022
15. Dialdehyde modification of laminarin for facile synthesis of ultrafine silver nanoparticles with excellent antibacterial and wound healing properties
- Author
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Garima, Sharma, Madhusudhan, Alle, Hyeon Ki, Son, and Jin-Chul, Kim
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Wound Healing ,Aldehydes ,Silver ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Escherichia coli ,Humans ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Anti-Bacterial Agents - Abstract
Laminarin is a promising marine biopolymer that is abundant, non-toxic, and biodegradable. However, laminarin has a weak reduction potential for metal ions, resulting in the synthesis of a lower content of large-sized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Here, we showed that after the introduction of aldehyde groups, the reduction potential of laminarin increased, decreasing the synthesis time and increasing the density of AgNPs.
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- 2022
16. Dentine biomodification by sulphonamides pre-treatment: bond strength, proteolytic inhibition, and antimicrobial activity
- Author
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Maristela Barbosa Portela, Caroliny Mello Barboza, Eduardo Moreira da Silva, Daniel Clemente de Moraes, Renata Antoun Simão, Clara Ribeiro de Souza, Verônica da Silva Cardoso, Antônio Ferreira-Pereira, Alane Beatriz Vermelho, and Claudiu T. Supuran
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Pharmacology ,Sulfonamides ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Dentin ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Drug Discovery ,Humans ,Collagen ,General Medicine - Abstract
We evaluated the effects of dentine biomodification after pre-treatment with two sulphonamide carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) of the N-[4-sulphamoylphenethylcarbamoyl]benzenesulphonamide type, investigating matrix metalloproteases activity, resin-dentine micro tensile bond strength, dentine surface wettability, and antimicrobial activities. Ninety-five sound-extracted human molars were selected for the study. Inhibitory effects were evaluated by gelatinase and collagenase activity tests and collagen degradation FT-IR spectroscopic analysis. Pre-treatment with the two CAIs kept the micro tensile values after 12 months of storage (32.23 ± 5.95) and cariogenic challenge (34.13 ± 2.71) similar to the initial, pre-treatment values (33.56 ± 4.34). A decreased
- Published
- 2022
17. Comparative efficacy of cephradine-loaded silver and gold nanoparticles against resistant human pathogens
- Author
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Ajmal Khan, Humera Jabeen, Touqeer Ahmad, Najeeb Ur Rehman, Saleha Suleman Khan, Huma Shareef, Rizwana Sarwar, Saira Yahya, Nusrat Hussain, Jalal Uddin, Javid Hussain, and Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Subjects
Cephradine ,Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,Silver ,Biomedical Engineering ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,General Medicine ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Humans ,Gold ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria are major health concerns worldwide. We successfully synthesized cephradine gold nanoparticles (Ceph-Au NPs) and cephradine silver nanoparticles (Ceph-Ag NPs) and compared their efficacy against resistant human pathogens. X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) results showed that average particle size of Ceph-Au NPs and Ceph-Ag NPs were 7 and 12 nm, respectively. Fourier Transform Infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra revealed the conjugation of -NH
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- 2022
18. Chitosan films with tunable droplet size of Pickering emulsions stabilized by amphiphilic konjac glucomannan network
- Author
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Nitong Bu, Runzhi Sun, Liying Huang, Huanglong Lin, Jie Pang, Lin Wang, and Ruojun Mu
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Succinic Anhydrides ,Chitosan ,Free Radicals ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Mannans ,Steam ,Structural Biology ,Delayed-Action Preparations ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Oils, Volatile ,Emulsions ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
In this work, chitosan (CS) emulsion films were prepared with grapefruit essential oil (GEO) Pickering emulsions (OGEOs) stabilized by amphiphilic octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) konjac glucomannan (OSA-KGM) network. The droplet size of emulsion was regulated by altering oil content in OGEOs (10 %, 20 %, 30 % and 40 %, w/w). The structural and physicochemical properties of CS films with tunable emulsion droplets (OGEOs) were investigated. The droplet size of OGEOs increased with the increasing content of GEO. FT-IR revealed that the formation of CS-OGEOs films was attributed to hydrogen bonding. CS-OGEOs films with large droplets presented smoother surface, enhanced water resistance, UV-shielding property, mechanical properties, but increased water vapor permeability (WVP) compared with CS-OGEOs films with small droplets. In addition, CS-OGEOs films with large droplets also presented compact film structure, controlled release of GEO, high efficiency of DPPH free radical scavenging and antibacterial activity. To sum up, incorporation of emulsion droplets was a good strategy for improving the structural and physicochemical properties of CS films.
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- 2022
19. Graphene oxide/chitosan composites as novel support to provide high yield and stable formulations of pectinase for industrial applications
- Author
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Shagufta, Kamal, Saima, Rehman, Ismat, Bibi, Naheed, Akhter, Rija, Amir, Walaa F, Alsanie, and Hafiz M N, Iqbal
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Chitosan ,Polygalacturonase ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Graphite ,General Medicine ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Enzymes, Immobilized ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
An extracellular pectinase from a mixed consortium of Bacillus sp. (BSP) was immobilized onto graphene oxide/chitosan composite (GO/CS) through covalent binding to enhance its recycling and operational stability features. Different parameters were optimized, including cross-linker concentration (%), time, pH, and GO/CS-pectinase ratios. GO/CS-pectinase was further characterized by FT-IR and XRD. The activity of GO/CS-pectinase was reached up to 804 μmolmin
- Published
- 2022
20. Air packaging is obviously beneficial to the heterogeneous hygrothermal degradation of konjac glucomannan
- Author
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Yuanyuan Chen, Longchen Shang, Sha Li, Bin Li, and Jing Li
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Mannans ,Oxygen ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Hydrogen Peroxide ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Heterogeneous hygrothermal degradation (HHTD) is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for the successful preparation of partially depolymerized konjac glucomannan (DKGM). This study investigated the degradation of konjac glucomannan (KGM) in two packaging methods and detected that compared with natural KGM, the M
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- 2022
21. Antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of bacteriocin by Lactococcus lactis strain CH3 isolated from fermented dairy products—An in vitro and in silico approach
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Raman, Krishnamoorthi, Moovendran, Srinivash, Pambayan Ulagan, Mahalingam, Balasubramanian, Malaikozhundan, Paulraj, Suganya, and Krishnamoorthy, Gurushankar
- Subjects
Cultured Milk Products ,Detergents ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Antioxidants ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Lactococcus lactis ,Bacteriocins ,Ammonium Sulfate ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Solvents ,Humans ,Amino Acids ,Molecular Biology ,Peptide Hydrolases - Abstract
The current study aimed to screen bacteriocin producing LAB from different dairy products and evaluation of their biological properties. Initially, 12 (4-chess, 4-curd, and 4-yohurt) LAB species were isolated and only 4 isolates alone were selected based on their clear yellow halo zone around the colonies in the selective medium. The selected 4 isolates were identified based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Among them, the strain CH3 have showed better antimicrobial effects on selected human pathogens. The isolated strain CH3 were further identified as Lactococcus lactis strain CH3 (MZ636710) by SEM imaging and 16 s rRNA molecular sequencing. Bacteriocin was extracted from L. lactis strain CH3 and partially purified using 60 % ammonium sulphate and then completely purified by G-50 column chromatography. The purified bacteriocin showed a specific activity of 5859.37 AU/mg in 24.7 % of recovery and 10.9-fold purification. The molecular weight of bacteriocin was 3.5 kDa as observed in SDS-PAGE. The bacteriocin showed sensitivity to proteolytic enzymes and resistance to high temperature, wide range of pH, organic solvents and detergents. FT-IR spectral studies of bacteriocin detected the existence of OH/NH-stretching, CH, and COC and CO bonds. NMR spectrum showed one doublet and 4 various singlet peaks at different ppm, indicating the occurrence of six amino acids in the structure of purified bacteriocin. The purified bacteriocin have shown stronger antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity against selected human pathogens at 100 μg/mL. SEM showed the evidence of structural deformation and loss of membrane integrity of bacterial cells treated with bacteriocin. Bacteriocin exhibited greater DPPH radical scavenging potential with an EC
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- 2022
22. Oxidative stability and gelation properties of myofibrillar protein from chicken breast after post-mortem frozen storage as influenced by phenolic compound-pterostilbene
- Author
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Yingjie, Wang, Mengru, Liu, Xin, Zhou, Haoran, Zang, Ruoshi, Zhang, Hao, Yang, Sanjun, Jin, Xingjun, Feng, and Anshan, Shan
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Oxidative Stress ,Myofibrils ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Animals ,Muscle Proteins ,General Medicine ,Chickens ,Gels ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of dietary pterostilbene supplementation on physicochemical changes and gel properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) in chicken when subjected to short-term frozen storage. The results showed that pterostilbene supplementation diminished the oxidation of MP compared to the control, as the carbonyl content was significantly reduced and the loss of sulfhydryl and free amino groups was slowed. Meanwhile, the surface hydrophobicity and insolubility of MP were significantly reduced. FT-IR and endogenous fluorescence spectroscopy analysis indicated that dietary pterostilbene inhibited the unfolding of protein structure and the transition of α-helix to β-sheet structure. The integrity of the protein structure contributed to the gel quality. The strength, whiteness and water-holding capacity (WHC) of MP gels were improved in the pterostilbene treatment group. In terms of microstructure, pterostilbene facilitated the formation of dense and homogeneous gel network structure. In summary, these findings suggest that pterostilbene could be used as a dietary supplement to maintain the structural stability of MP in postmortem chicken breast muscle, allowing for excellent gel functional properties.
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- 2022
23. Detecting different amorphous – Amorphous phase separation patterns in co-amorphous mixtures with high resolution imaging FTIR spectroscopy
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Tuomas Kilpeläinen, Tuomas Ervasti, Emilia Uurasjärvi, Arto Koistinen, Jarkko Ketolainen, Ossi Korhonen, and Katja Pajula
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Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ,Solubility ,Drug Stability ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Reproducibility of Results ,Transition Temperature ,Pharmaceutical Science ,General Medicine ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Many active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) in development suffer from low aqueous solubilities. Instead of the crystal form, the amorphous state can be used to improve the API's apparent solubility. However, the amorphous state has a higher Gibb's free energy and is inherently unstable and tends to transform back to the more stable crystal form. In co-amorphous mixtures, phase separation needs to occur before there can be crystallization. The aim of this study was to devise a method to study amorphous-amorphous phase separation with high resolution imaging Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with seven 1:1 M ratio API-API binary mixtures being examined. The binary mixtures were amorphized by melt-quenching and stored above their glass transition temperature (T
- Published
- 2022
24. Evaluation of chitosan/xanthan gum polyelectrolyte complexes potential for pH-dependent oral delivery of escin
- Author
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Ana Ćirić, Jelena Milinković Budinčić, Đorđe Medarević, Vladimir Dobričić, Milena Rmandić, Tanja Barudžija, Anđelija Malenović, Lidija Petrović, and Ljiljana Djekic
- Subjects
Chitosan ,Escin ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Polyelectrolyte complex ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,pH-dependent drug release ,General Medicine ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Polyelectrolytes ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Xanthan gum - Abstract
Escin is an amphiphilic and weakly acidic drug that oral administration may lead to the irritation of gastric mucosa. The entrapment of escin into chitosan (CH)/xanthan gum (XG)-based polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) can facilitate controlled drug release which may be beneficial for the reduction of its side effects. This study aimed to investigate the influence of escin content and drying method on the formation, physicochemical, and controlled, pH-dependent drug release properties of CH/XG-based PECs. Measurements of transmittance, con- ductivity, and rheological characterization confirmed the formation of CH/XG-based PECs with escin entrapped at escin-to-polymers mass ratios 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4. Ambient-dried PECs had higher yield, entrapment efficiency, and escin content in comparison with spray-dried ones. FT-IR spectra confirmed the interactions between CH, XG, and escin, which were stronger in ambient-dried PECs. PXRD and DSC analyses showed the amorphous escin character in all dry PECs, regardless of the drying method. The most promising controlled and pH-dependent in vitro escin release was from the ambient-dried PEC at the escin-to-polymers mass ratio of 1:1. For that reason and due to the highest yield and entrapment efficiency, this carrier has the potential to prevent the irritation of gastric mucosa after oral administration of escin.
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- 2022
25. Preparation and structure-activity relationship of highly active black garlic polysaccharides
- Author
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Jie, Liang, Yonglei, Zhao, Furui, Yang, Lan, Zheng, Yaohong, Ma, Qingai, Liu, Lei, Cai, Weili, Gong, and Binglian, Wang
- Subjects
Melanins ,Carbazoles ,General Medicine ,Sulfuric Acids ,Biochemistry ,Antioxidants ,Molecular Weight ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,Uronic Acids ,Polysaccharides ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Garlic ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish a method to improve the biological activity of polysaccharides. Three acid-treated polysaccharides (BGPS-2, BGPS-3 and BGPS-4) were obtained by treating black garlic polysaccharides (BGPS-1) with sulfuric acid at different intensities. The structure was characterized using the sulfuric acid-carbazole assay, IC, HPSEC-MALLS and FT-IR. The biological functions were evaluated using antioxidant and melanin biosynthesis inhibition assays. Compared with BGPS-1, the molecular weight of acid-treated polysaccharides significantly decreased, and the uronic acid content significantly increased. Antioxidant capacity negatively correlated with molecular weight, whereas melanin inhibition activity positively correlated with uronic acid content. BGPS-4 had the highest antioxidant capacity and the lowest molecular weight (1.25 × 10
- Published
- 2022
26. Facile synthesis of green and efficient magnetic nanocomposites of carrageenan/copper for the reduction of nitrophenol derivatives
- Author
-
Mohammad Hassan, Maleki, Mahsa, Rezaie, and Mohammad, Dinari
- Subjects
Nitrophenols ,Structural Biology ,Magnetic Phenomena ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,General Medicine ,Carrageenan ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Copper ,Nanocomposites - Abstract
A green and facile method for preparation of Kappa-Carrageenan or Iota-Carrageenan grafted N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide/Fe
- Published
- 2022
27. Performance Comparison Between Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy–based IR Biotyper and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for Strain Diversity
- Author
-
Son Young Jun, Young Ah Kim, Suk-Jun Lee, Woon-Won Jung, Hyun-Sook Kim, Sung-Soo Kim, Hyunsoo Kim, Dongeun Yong, and Kyungwon Lee
- Subjects
Bacteria ,Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ,Lasers ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Escherichia coli ,Humans ,General Medicine ,beta-Lactamases - Abstract
Development of an accessible method to routinely evaluate the clonality of strains is needed in microbiology laboratories. We compared the discriminatory power of the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy-based IR Biotyper (Bruker Daltonics GmbH, Bremen, Germany) to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) as the reference method.Eighty-three extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producingThe SDI (95% confidence interval) was 0.969 (0.952-0.985) for WGS, 0.865 (0.807-0.924) for MALDI-TOF MS, and 0.974 (0.965-0.983) for IR Biotyper. Compared with WGS, IR Biotyper showed compatible diversity, whereas MALDI-TOF MS did not. The concordance and aRI improved from 66.3% to 84.3% and from 0.173 to 0.538, respectively, for IR Biotyper versus MALDI-TOF MS with WGS as the reference method. IR Biotyper showed substantially improved performance in strain typing compared with MALDI-TOF MS.IR Biotyper is useful for diversity analysis with improved discriminatory power over MALDI-TOF MS in comparison with WGS as a reference method. IR Biotyper is an accessible method to evaluate the clonality of strains and could be applied in epidemiological analysis during an outbreak of a health care facility, as well as for research on the transmission of resistant bacteria in community settings.
- Published
- 2022
28. Non-targeted metabolomics reveals the stress response of a cellulase-containing penicillium to uranium
- Author
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Li, Zhang, Jie, Li, Jin-Long, Lai, Xu, Yang, Yu, Zhang, and Xue-Gang, Luo
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Cellulase ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Penicillium ,Humans ,Metabolomics ,Uranium ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Amino Acids ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Human industrial activities have caused environmental uranium (U) pollution, resulting in uranium(VI) had radiotoxicity and chemical toxicity. Here, a cellulase-producing Penicillium fungus was screened and characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and Fourier transform infrared reflection (FT-IR), as well as by GC/MS metabolomics analysis, to study the response to uranium(VI) stress. The biomass of Penicillium decreased after exposure to 100 mg/L U. Uranium combined with carboxyl groups, amino groups, and phosphate groups to form uranium mineralized deposits on the surface of this fungal strain. The α-activity concentration of uranium in the strain was 2.57×10
- Published
- 2022
29. Microwave-assisted synthesis of cross-linked chitosan-metal oxide nanocomposite for methyl orange dye removal from unary and complex effluent matrices
- Author
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Gautam Priyadarshi, Nirav P. Raval, and Mrugesh H. Trivedi
- Subjects
Chitosan ,Water ,General Medicine ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Ligands ,Biochemistry ,Nanocomposites ,Kinetics ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Adsorption ,Zinc Oxide ,Coloring Agents ,Microwaves ,Azo Compounds ,Molecular Biology ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
Textile/Dyeing industries have been considered as one of the intense water-consuming units, resulting in the generation of a large volume of dye(s) contaminated effluent posing a heavy burden on the receiving water bodies. Therefore, the identification of methods to synthesize bulk quantity of adsorbent(s) and further their evaluation for the efficient treatment of effluent is one of the most prominent topics. Hence, microwave-assisted method was proposed for the rapid synthesis of nanocomposite (C-CS@ZnO) from natural biomolecule (chitosan-CS), a well-known crosslinker (tripolyphosphate) and metal-oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. Detailed characterization was performed to identify the structure (SEM, XRD) and composition (FT-IR, XPS) of the sorbent. Sorption experiments with methyl orange (MO) dye solution were carried out under different pH (2.0-12.0), dye concentrations (150-350 mg L
- Published
- 2022
30. Phycosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Cladophora Glomerata and Evaluation of Their Ability to Inhibit the Proliferation of MCF-7 and L20B Cell Lines
- Author
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Raghad Fayyad, Alaa Mohammed Ali, Noor Al-Huda Saeed, Israa Hamzah, and Ahmed Dwaish
- Subjects
Mice ,Silver ,X-Ray Diffraction ,Plant Extracts ,Chlorophyta ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,MCF-7 Cells ,Humans ,Animals ,Metal Nanoparticles ,General Medicine ,Anti-Bacterial Agents - Abstract
Nanotechnology is receiving greater attention these days as a result of its applications in numerous industrial, medical, and environmental fields.To synthesize silver nanoparticles with a green alga, Cladophora glomerata, and determine their inhibitory activity against tumor cell (MCF-7) and transgenic mouse cell (L20B) lines.Methanol extract was prepared from Cladophora glomerata and used as a safe factory for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). UV-visible spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and EDX analyses were used to characterize the biosynthesized AgNPs. The anti-tumor activity of the phycosynthesized AgNPs was tested against the MCF-7 and L20B cell lines. Furthermore, the bioactive compounds in the algal extract were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS).The phycosynthesis produced clusters of spherical and polydispersed cuboidal pure AgNPs with an average size of 32 nm. The phycosynthesized AgNPs possess anti-cancer and anti-tumor activities on the MCF-7 and L20B cell lines, with significant anti-proliferation percentages of 52.8 and 65.8%, respectively, after 48 hours of treatment with 100 μg/ml AgNPs. Both treated cell lines showed a significant change in cellular shape and tissue detachment. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of a high proportion of octadecanoic acid (47.59%) and hexadecanoic acid (14.97%).Cladophora glomerata contains chemicals that improve the stabilization and reduction properties of the nanoparticles. It can be used as a safe, local, and natural source for the synthesis of AgNPs and can also be used as a benign factory for many other metal nanoparticles. The phycosynthesized AgNPs have anti-cancer and anti-tumor activities on the test cell lines and provide an insight into the potential for using them as a trend in cancer nanotherapy.br /.
- Published
- 2022
31. Utility of Plasma Protein Biomarkers and Mid-infrared Spectroscopy for Diagnosing Fracture-related Infections: A Pilot Study
- Author
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Hassan Farooq, Robert P. Wessel, Krista M. Brown, James E. Slaven, Federico Marini, Sarah Malek, and Roman M. Natoli
- Subjects
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ,Fractures, Bone ,C-Reactive Protein ,Case-Control Studies ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Humans ,Pilot Projects ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Surgery ,General Medicine ,Infections ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Biomarkers - Abstract
To compare a large panel of plasma protein inflammatory biomarkers and mid-infrared (MIR) spectral patterns in patients with confirmed fracture-related infections (FRIs) with those in controls without infection.Prospective case-control study.Academic, Level 1 trauma center.Thirteen patients meeting confirmatory FRI criteria were matched to 13 controls based on age, time after surgery, and fracture region.Plasma levels of 49 proteins were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of dried films was used to obtain MIR spectra of plasma samples.The main outcome measurements included plasma protein levels and MIR spectra of samples.Multivariate analysis-based predictive model developed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based biomarkers had sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 69.2% ± 0.0%, 99.9% ± 1.0%, and 84.5% ± 0.6%, respectively, with platelet-derived growth factor-AB/BB, C-reactive protein, and MIG selected as the minimum number of variables explaining group differences ( Plt; 0.05). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the predictive model based on MIR spectra were 69.9% ± 6.2%, 71.9% ± 5.9%, and 70.9% ± 4.8%, respectively, with 6 wavenumbers as explanatory variables ( Plt; 0.05).This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of using a select panel of plasma proteins and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to diagnose FRIs. Preliminary data suggest that the measurement of these select proteins and MIR spectra may be potential clinical tools to detect FRIs. Further investigation of these biomarkers in a larger cohort of patients is warranted.Diagnostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
- Published
- 2022
32. Thiolation of non-ionic surfactants for the development of lipid-based mucoadhesive drug delivery systems
- Author
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Giuseppe Francesco, Racaniello, Patrick, Knoll, Arne Matteo, Jörgensen, Ilaria, Arduino, Valentino, Laquintana, Angela Assunta, Lopedota, Andreas, Bernkop-Schnürch, and Nunzio, Denora
- Subjects
History ,Polymers and Plastics ,Swine ,Pharmaceutical Science ,General Medicine ,Lipids ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Polyethylene Glycols ,Excipients ,Surface-Active Agents ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Animals ,Humans ,Sulfhydryl Compounds ,Caco-2 Cells ,Business and International Management ,Ethers ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop thiolated self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) with improved mucoadhesive properties. Two non-ionic surfactants bearing a short and long PEG chain, namely polyoxyethylene (10) stearyl ether (PSE
- Published
- 2022
33. Platensimycin-berberine chloride co-amorphous drug system: Sustained release and prolonged half-life
- Author
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Zhe Wang, Xin Chen, Duanxiu Li, Enhe Bai, Hailu Zhang, Yanwen Duan, and Yong Huang
- Subjects
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,Berberine ,Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Adamantane ,General Medicine ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Rats ,Chlorides ,Drug Stability ,Solubility ,X-Ray Diffraction ,Delayed-Action Preparations ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Animals ,Aminobenzoates ,Anilides ,Fatty Acid Synthases ,Powders ,Half-Life ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Co-amorphous technology is an emerging approach for pharmaceutical engineering of drugs and drug leads with improved physicochemical properties and bioavailability. Platensimycin (PTM) is a promising natural antibiotic lead that acts on bacterial fatty acid synthase and exhibits excellent antibacterial activity. Despite great strides to improve its poor pharmacokinetics by medicinal chemistry and nanotechnology, there are no convenient oral delivery systems developed. Here, a co-amorphous system of PTM and berberine chloride (BCL) was developed for oral delivery of PTM. Co-amorphous PTM-BCL was prepared by rotary vacuum evaporation method, and systematically characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Compared with PTM or BCL alone, the equilibrium solubility and dissolution rate of both of them in the co-amorphous systems decreased significantly, showing the characteristics of sustained release. The molecular interactions between PTM and BCL were mediated by strong charged-mediated hydrogen bonds, based on FTIR, XPS, and NMR-based techniques. The co-amorphous PTM-BCL system showed excellent physiochemical stability at room and elevated (40 °C) temperature under dry conditions. The combination of PTM and BCL showed increased killing of a clinical isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain in killing checkerboard assays. Finally, co-amorphous PTM-BCL exhibited 2- or 3-fold longer half-life in rats than that of crystalline and amorphous PTM upon oral administration, respectively. Our study suggests a rational approach to realize the full potential of potent antibiotic PTM, which may be conveniently adapted for engineering of other important pharmaceutics.
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- 2022
34. ‘Multiple and short-range’ cross-linking of dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose contributes to regulating the physicochemical property of collagen fibril
- Author
-
Xiaoyue Yu, Chao Weng, Haiping Zhang, Zibo Qin, Yiliang Miao, Heng Wang, Shanbai Xiong, Jianhua Rong, and Yang Hu
- Subjects
Cross-Linking Reagents ,Structural Biology ,Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Hydrogels ,Collagen ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Skin - Abstract
Collagen fibril hydrogel (CH), with controllable micro-structure, sufficient modifying sites and excellent biocompatibility, has received widely attention in the regulation of biomacromolecules. Herein, dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC) in different -CHO contents and molecular weights demonstrated two types of cross-linking behaviors to CH, 'limited and long-range' or 'multiple and short range' cross-linking, corresponding to -CHO content ranged from 0 to 53 % and 53 to 90 %, respectively. In regard of structure, non-destroying effect of DCMC on collagen was supported by FT-IR and XRD analysis. CH cross-linked by DCMC (CH-DC) showed declining porosity and aggregating fibrils as -CHO content of DCMC rising. In regard of physicochemical properties, DCMC with53 % -CHO strengthened the hydrophilicity, thermal stability and degradation resistance of CH-DC. Also, there was 110 % growth on gel strength, 86 Pa enhancements on storage modulus, and 4.6 times decrease on the swelling ratio of CH-DC. Results indicated that DCMC with 79 % -CHO remarkably improved the physicochemical properties of CH via developing sufficient Schiff-base bonds with collagen fibril in a short distance. This study distinguished two patterns of DCMC cross-linking from physicochemical view. In other words, DCMC is potential to meet the requirement of protein-based materials with different expectations by adjusting its -CHO content and molecular weight.
- Published
- 2022
35. G-Quadruplex selectivity and cytotoxicity of a guanidine-encapsulated porphyrin-cyclodextrin conjugate
- Author
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Aleyamma Alexander, Archana Sumohan Pillai, Ananthi Nallamuthu, Haridas Pal, Israel V.M.V. Enoch, and Mhejabeen Sayed
- Subjects
G-Quadruplexes ,Cyclodextrins ,Porphyrins ,Structural Biology ,Circular Dichroism ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,General Medicine ,Guanidines ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Guanidine - Abstract
G-Quadruplex DNAs represent out-of-the-way nucleic acid conformations, frequently formed by guanine-rich sequences. They have emanated as cancer-associated targets for designed small molecules. The variation in the binding affinity of the synthesized compounds to duplex and quadruplex structures is an intriguing quest, solved by spectroscopic analysis. In this paper, we report the synthesis of a porphyrin-cyclodextrin conjugate, characterized by utilizing FT-IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry. Further, two benzimidazolylguanidines are synthesized which form host: guest complexes with the porphyrin-cyclodextrin conjugate. The structure of the complexes is optimized by analyzing their 2D ROESY spectra. The interactions of the host, guest, and the host: guest complexes with the duplex (calf thymus DNA) and quadruplex (kit22) nucleic acids are investigated employing UV-vis, fluorescence, circular dichroism, and DNA melting experiments. The calculated strengths of the compounds' binding with kit22 are in the order of 10
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- 2022
36. Degradation of 2,4-DCP by the immobilized laccase on the carrier of sodium alginate-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
- Author
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Zhe Zhao, Dajun Ren, Mengjuan Zhuang, Zhaobo Wang, Xiaoqing Zhang, Shuqin Zhang, and Wangsheng Chen
- Subjects
Alginates ,Glutaral ,Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium ,Laccase ,Sodium ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Environmental Pollutants ,Bioengineering ,General Medicine ,Enzymes, Immobilized ,Biotechnology - Abstract
In this paper, sodium alginate-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SA-CMC) composite material was used as a carrier, and sodium alginate-embedded laccase (Lac@SC) was prepared by traditional embedding method. After that, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) and glutaraldehyde (GLU) were used as cross-linking agents, two different cross-linking-embedded co-immobilized laccases (Lac@SCG and Lac@SCE) were innovatively prepared, respectively, and then these immobilized laccases were characterized by SEM, FT-IR and XRD, and the stability of the three immobilized laccases was explored. In addition, the effects of different factors on the removal of 2,4-DCP by immobilized laccase were studied, and the degradation kinetic models of three immobilized laccases on 2,4-DCP were summarized, the possible degradation pathways of pollutants were also given. Experimental results showed that compared to free laccase, the pH stability, thermal stability and storage stability of immobilized laccase were greatly improved. These immobilized laccases could maintain high activity at pH3~6, 45~55 °C. Lac@SCG had the best storage stability. After 30 days of storage, the relative enzyme activity was still more than 40%. Lac@SC had good reusability, the relative enzyme activity was still more than 50% after 5 uses. In the degradation of 2,4-DCP, all three immobilized laccases showed good performance, when Lac@SCE was at pH5, 35 °C, 25 h, the removal rate of 2,4-DCP could reach 95.2%; When at 45 °C, Lac@SC had the highest degradation rate which reach to 94%; At 45 °C, the degradation rate of Lac@SCG reached 83.2%.
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- 2022
37. Accelerative effect of nanohydrogels based on chitosan/ZnO incorporated with citral to heal the infected full-thickness wounds; an experimental study
- Author
-
Omidreza Raei Abbasabadi, Mohammad Reza Farahpour, and Zohreh Ghazi Tabatabaei
- Subjects
Chitosan ,Wound Healing ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Acyclic Monoterpenes ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Ointments ,Mice ,Mupirocin ,Transforming Growth Factor beta ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Animals ,Nanoparticles ,Zinc Oxide ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
Antimicrobial-resistant is a major challenge in to treat infected wounds, and new formulations should be produced. Citral (Citl), chitosan (Chsn), and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles may accelerate the wound healing process in terms of their antibacterial properties. This new study aimed to investigate the effects of ointments produced from ZnO/Chsn/Citl nanoparticles (NPs) to treat the infected wounds. Following the preparation of ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs, swelling behavior, the release of citral, toxicity, and antibacterial properties were evaluated. Base ointment, mupirocin, and ointments made from Chsn-NPs, Chsn/Citl-NPs, and ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs were used to treat the mice. The ointments' effects on wound contraction, total bacterial count, and immunofluorescence staining for TNF-α, TGF-β, and bFGF were tested. The synthesis of ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs was validated by XRD, FT-IR, DLS, and TEM findings. In higher dilutions, chitosan/citral and ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs indicated better antibacterial activity. Nanoparticles were safe up to concentration of the 0.5 mg/mL. The mice in Chsn/Citl and ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs treated groups showed higher (P 0.05) wound contraction ratio and expressions for bFGF, and lower total bacterial count and expressions for TGF-β and TNF-α compared to control mice. Ointments prepared from ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs could compete with the commercial ointment of mupirocin and can be used to treat infected wounds after clinical studies.
- Published
- 2022
38. Effective biosorption of Cu(II) using hybrid biocomposite based on N-maleated chitosan/calcium alginate/titania: Equilibrium sorption, kinetic and thermodynamic studies
- Author
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Hamza Shehzad, Zahoor H. Farooqi, Ejaz Ahmed, Ahsan Sharif, Muhammad Ajmal, Sana Razzaq, M. Uzair Naseer, M. Ahmad Nazir, Mehwish Batool, Tehreem Akram, Qamar un Nissa, Amarah Fatima, and Laiba Akbar
- Subjects
Titanium ,Chitosan ,Kinetics ,Alginates ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Thermodynamics ,Adsorption ,General Medicine ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
In this research work, a hybrid biocomposite based on N-maleated chitosan, amino-thiocarbamate functionalised calcium alginate and anhydrous Titania nanoparticles (NMC-MCA-TiO
- Published
- 2022
39. Glycyrrhetinic acid-cyclodextrin grafted pullulan nanoparticles loaded doxorubicin as a liver targeted delivery carrier
- Author
-
Wenzhi, Yang, Yi, Zhang, Jiajia, Wang, Haiying, Li, and Hu, Yang
- Subjects
Cyclodextrins ,Drug Carriers ,Antineoplastic Agents ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Mice ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Liver ,Doxorubicin ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Animals ,Glycyrrhetinic Acid ,Nanoparticles ,Glucans ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
In this work, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA)-β-cyclodextrin grafted pullulan (GCDPu) was synthesized and used to form nanoparticles for liver-specific drug delivery. GCDPu was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (
- Published
- 2022
40. Co-amorphous systems using epigallocatechin-3-gallate as a co-former: Stability, in vitro dissolution, in vivo bioavailability and underlying molecular mechanisms
- Author
-
Jinfeng, Chen, Huaning, Li, Xiangwei, Li, Dandan, Yuan, Hongqing, Cheng, Yixin, Ke, Jianming, Cheng, Zengwu, Wang, Jing, Chen, and Junsong, Li
- Subjects
Simvastatin ,Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ,Nifedipine ,Biological Availability ,Pharmaceutical Science ,General Medicine ,Catechin ,Rats ,Drug Stability ,Solubility ,X-Ray Diffraction ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Animals ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Co-amorphous strategy has been extensively investigated to improve the dissolution of hydrophobic drugs. Here, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was exploited as a co-former in co-amorphous systems based on its unique structure including phenyl rings, phenolic hydroxyl groups and the galloyl moiety. Two model BCS class II drugs, simvastatin (SIM) and nifedipine (NIF), were selected to be co-amorphized with EGCG. All drug-EGCG systems at three molar ratios became amorphous by the means of spray drying and showed high physically stable either under dry condition and 75 % RH at 40 °C or under dry conditions at 25 °C. The optimal feed molar ratios of both EGCG based co-amorphous systems fabricated were determined to be three, under which the significant increases were obtained in the maximum apparent concentrations of 4.90-fold for SIM at 1 h and 106.03-fold for NIF at 0.25 h compared to crystalline drugs by non-sink dissolution studies. The underlying molecular mechanisms of two co-amorphous systems formation were involved in molecular miscibility, hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions unraveled by means of DSC, FTIR and molecular dynamics simulations. More to the point, oral pharmacokinetic studies in rats demonstrated that co-amorphous SIM-EGCG and NIF-EGCG systems at 1:3 have a significant increase in C
- Published
- 2022
41. Characterization of exopolysaccharide produced by Levilactobacillus brevis HDE-9 and evaluation of its potential use in dairy products
- Author
-
Renpeng, Du, Liansheng, Yu, Ningxin, Yu, Wenxiang, Ping, Gang, Song, and Jingping, Ge
- Subjects
Molecular Weight ,Solubility ,Cultured Milk Products ,Structural Biology ,Levilactobacillus brevis ,Polysaccharides, Bacterial ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Water ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
The bacterial strain HDE-9 was isolated from sauerkraut and identified as Levilactobacillus brevis. An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was isolated and purified from L. brevis HDE-9, and a preliminary investigation of its structural characteristics and biological activity was conducted. The molecular weight of the EPS was1.0 × 10
- Published
- 2022
42. Structure of a unique fucose-containing exopolysaccharide from Sayram ketteki yoghurt and its anti-MRSA biofilm effect
- Author
-
Zhiwen, Ge, Xiaohong, Chen, Renqin, Yang, Wei, Li, Baixing, Yin, Zhiyu, Li, and Mingsheng, Dong
- Subjects
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,Structural Biology ,Biofilms ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,General Medicine ,Yogurt ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Fucose - Abstract
In this work, we reported an in situ exopolysaccharide (in situ-EPS1) containing rare fucose produced by Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1 in Sayram ketteki yoghurt, which made it unique. Its fine structure was characterized by GPC, HPLC, FT-IR, GC-MS
- Published
- 2022
43. Efficacy of Various Types of Berries Extract for the Synthesis of ZnO Nanocomposites and Exploring Their Antimicrobial Potential for Use in Herbal Medicines
- Author
-
Amara Dar, Rabia Rehman, Ayesha Mohyuddin, Maria Aziz, Jamil Anwar, Gashew Tadele, Noor Mohammed Kadhim, Ali H. Alamri, and Rami M. Alzhrani
- Subjects
Plants, Medicinal ,Anti-Infective Agents ,X-Ray Diffraction ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Plant Extracts ,Fruit ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Escherichia coli ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,General Medicine ,Zinc Oxide ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Anti-Bacterial Agents - Abstract
Nanoscience has developed various greener approaches as an alternate method for the synthesis of nanoparticles and nanocomposites. The present study discusses the efficacy of berries extract for the synthesis of ZnO nanocomposites. Characterization of synthesized nanocomposite were done by SEM, UV/VIS spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and XRD techniques. The crystalline nature of the synthesized nanoparticles was verified by XRD pattern in the range of 10-80 nm. The UV absorption peak of Elaeagnus umbellata (ZnO-EU) nanocomposite at 340 nm, Rubus idaeus (ZnO-Ri) nanocomposite at 360 nm, and Rubus fruticosus (ZnO-Rf) nanocomposite at 360 nm was observed. The nanocomposites were analyzed for their antimicrobial activity and found to be effective against three phytopathogens. The antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanocomposites showed good results against Escherichia coli (341), Staphylococcus aureus (345B), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5994 NLF). This study presents a simple and inexpensive approach for synthesizing zinc oxide nanocomposites with effective antibacterial activity.
- Published
- 2022
44. Ultrahigh efficient and selective adsorption of U(VI) with amino acids-modified magnetic chitosan biosorbents: Performance and mechanism
- Author
-
Yan, Li, Ying, Dai, Qinqin, Tao, Zhi, Gao, and Lei, Xu
- Subjects
Chitosan ,Kinetics ,Structural Biology ,Magnetic Phenomena ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Uranium ,Adsorption ,General Medicine ,Amino Acids ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
Exploiting eco-friendly, highly controlled preparation and convenient solid-liquid separation adsorbent to separate uranium from aquatic medium is of importance and in demand. In this study, magnetic ferroferric oxide nanoparticles synthesized through a facile hydrothermal reaction was cross-linked with chitosan. The intermediate product was subsequently chemically grafting with four amino acids such as alanine, serine, glycine or L-cysteine to produce Ala-MCS, Ser-MCS, Gly-MCS and Cys-MCS. The resultants were verified by SEM, EDS, XRD, VSM, FT-IR and XPS. Adsorption of uranium with amino acids-modified magnetic chitosans were carried out. The parameters that affected the adsorption ability, selectivity toward uranium, and reusability have been illustrated. pH 6.5 was the most beneficial for the adsorption. The saturation adsorption capacity of Ala-MCS, Ser-MCS, Gly-MCS, Cys-MCS were found as 658.88 mg/g ± 1.0 %, 616.10 ± 0.3 % mg/g, 646.38 ± 1.8 % mg/g, 653.96 ± 3.4 % mg/g and 409.15 ± 4.6 % mg/g, respectively. The adsorption process was analyzed using kinetics (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models) and isotherms models (Langmuir and Freundlich models). The adsorption of uranium on Ala-MCS, Ser-MCS, Gly-MCS and Cys-MCS happened on monolayer and were controlled by chemisorption. The certified high adsorption amount and efficient solid-liquid separation proved amino acids-modified magnetic chitosan are promising adsorbents for removal of uranium from wastewater.
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- 2022
45. Photo-thermally enhanced antimicrobial efficacy of silver nanoplates against Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacterial and fungal pathogens
- Author
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Sarabjot Kaur, Rushikesh Tambat, Vikas Pathania, Hemraj Nandanwar, and Sanjeev Soni
- Subjects
Staphylococcus aureus ,Silver ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Candida albicans ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Escherichia coli ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,General Medicine ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Aim This paper aims to investigate the photo-thermally enhanced antimicrobial efficacy of triangular silver nanoplates for a broad range of harmful pathogens viz., Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), and fungus (Candida albicans). Methods and Results Triangular silver nanoplates were synthesized using the chemical method and were characterized for optical absorption, size and morphology, surface charge and concentration via UV–Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential analysis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, respectively. Furthermore, the photo-thermally enhanced antimicrobial efficacy of the triangular silver nanoplates (10 μg/ml concentration) was evaluated on broadband near-infrared irradiation. The photothermal response shows that for the fixed concentration of silver nanoplates, the smaller-sized nanoplates (~52 nm) lead to higher temperature rise than larger-sized nanoplates (~68 nm). It is demonstrated that within a short exposure duration of 15 min, the photothermal activation of silver nanoplates led to ~5 log10 CFU/ml reduction for E. coli and C. albicans, and ~7 log10 CFU/ml reduction for S. aureus from a considerably high initial load of 5 × 108 CFU/ml. Conclusions The present study demonstrates that photo-thermally enhanced triangular silver nanoplates possess much stronger antimicrobial efficacy over a short exposure duration of few minutes and exhibits the applicability for a broad range of pathogens. Significance and Impact of Study The study is highly significant and explains the eradication of broad-spectrum of microbial pathogens by photo-thermally enhanced silver nanoplates in short exposure duration with low nanoparticle concentration, which is useful for diverse antibacterial and antifungal applications.
- Published
- 2022
46. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticle composites based on hesperidin and pectin and their synergistic antibacterial mechanism
- Author
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Zhi-Yuan, Zhao, Pei-Jun, Li, Run-Sheng, Xie, Xing-Ye, Cao, Dong-Lin, Su, and Yang, Shan
- Subjects
Silver ,Structural Biology ,Hesperidin ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Escherichia coli ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Pectins ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Anti-Bacterial Agents - Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were widely used in the antibacterial field because of their excellent antibacterial properties. In this study, we used hesperidin and pectin as reductants and stabilizers, and prepared uniform and stable Hesperidin-Pectin AgNPs (HP-AgNPs) by a simple microwave-assisted process. Increasing the proportion of hesperidin, P-AgNPs, HP-AgNPs1, HP-AgNPs2 and H-AgNPs were obtained respectively. With the increase of hesperidin ratio, the mean particle size and zeta potential increased gradually. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed that Ag
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- 2022
47. Redox responsive polymeric micelles of gellan gum/abietic acid for targeted delivery of ribociclib
- Author
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Sarvin Shirani, Jaleh Varshosaz, Mahboubeh Rostami, and Mina Mirian
- Subjects
Drug Carriers ,Polymers ,Polysaccharides, Bacterial ,Aminopyridines ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Purines ,Structural Biology ,Abietanes ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Humans ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Molecular Biology ,Micelles - Abstract
In most breast tumors level of glutathione reductase is much higher than in healthy tissues. In the current study, a redox-glutathione sensitive micelle based on Abietic acid-Cystamine-Gellan gum (AB-ss-GG) was designed for targeted delivery of Ribociclib (RIB) to breast cancer cells. AB is a monocarboxylic acid and a diterpenoid abietane with anti-tumor effects. Successful synthesis of the conjugate was confirmed by FT-IR and
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- 2022
48. Environmental impact of Sargassum spp. landings: an evaluation of leachate released from natural decomposition at Mexican Caribbean coast
- Author
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Edgar Olguin-Maciel, Rosa Maria Leal-Bautista, Liliana Alzate-Gaviria, Jorge Domínguez-Maldonado, and Raul Tapia-Tussell
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Caribbean Region ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Sargassum ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Environment ,Pollution - Abstract
Large volumes of pelagic Sargassum spp. have stranded periodically on the Mexican Caribbean shoreline. The aim of this research was to study the mobility of metals through the leachates released into the environment during the natural decomposition process of Sargassum spp. Fresh Sargassum samples were placed in cone-bed reactors: under laboratory and local environmental conditions. The leachate generated naturally by decomposition in both conditions was recovered periodically and analyses of pH, volume, and metal content were carried out. Sargassum biomass was monitored by electron microscopy, FT-IR, and CHNS analysis. The Sargassum biomass studied presented a C: N ratio of 24.39, making it a potential raw feedstock for biofuels and other value-added products. Calculations performed on leachate production allowed inferring that each ton of fresh Sargassum that decomposes at a controlled temperature of 27 °C can produce 316 L of leachate. This leachate can contain 5.67 g of As and other potentially toxic metals (e.g., B, Al, Cu). At the end of both experiments, the biomass that was incubated for 30 days presented a C: N ratio of 28.86, so it can still be used as raw material for biofuels; however, the Sargassum biomass that remained 180 days in incubation decreased its C:N ratio at 8.45 at this point, it can be considered a waste. The leachate generated during the natural decomposition process of Sargassum on beaches or disposal sites represents a high risk of contamination of the Yucatan Peninsula water system due to the high content of arsenic and the presence of potentially toxic metals.
- Published
- 2022
49. Antimicrobial, antibiofilm potential, and anti-quorum sensing activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Cyanobacteria Oscillatoria princeps
- Author
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Dilek Yalçın, İlkay Açıkgöz Erkaya, Belgin Erdem, Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi, İlkay Açıkgöz Erkaya / 0000-0003-1730-4951, and Belgin Erdem / 0000-0001-9108-5561
- Subjects
Oscillatoria princeps ,Silver ,Plant Extracts ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Metal Nanoparticles ,General Medicine ,Antimicrobial activity ,Cyanobacteria ,Pollution ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Violaceum ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Oscillatoria ,Biofilms ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Anti-quorum sensing ,Escherichia coli ,Environmental Chemistry ,Silver nanoparticles - Abstract
Cyanobacteria are among the beneficial and environmentally friendly natural candidates used in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles, with their ability to accumulate heavy metals from their environment, thanks to their biologically active compounds. In the current study, an aqueous extract of Oscillatoria princeps fresh biomass was used for the green synthesis of AgNPs. UV-vis spectrum, Fourier transforms infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used to validate and characterize biosynthesized of OSC-AgNPs. The biosynthesis of AgNPs was visually verified in terms of the change in the color of the AgNO3 solution from yellowish brown to brown colors from 72 h onwards. An absorption peak of approximately 420 nm was detected in the UV-vis spectrum, corresponding to the plasmon resonance of AgNPs. FT-IR analysis showed the presence of free amino groups in addition to sulfur-containing amino acid derivatives that act as stabilizing agents. SEM images detected the roughly spherical shape of OSC-AgNPs with an average size of 38 nm. The pathogens tested were all susceptible to OSC-AgNPs showing varying antimicrobial effects on pathogenic microorganisms. E. coli and C. albicans displayed the maximum susceptibility, with zones of inhibition of 14.6 and 13.8 mm at 3-mM concentration, respectively, while B. cereus had the lowest zone of inhibition (10.6 mm) at 3-mM OSC-AgNO3 concentration. In conclusion, AgNPs synthesized from Oscillatoria princeps inhibit biofilm formation, suggesting that AgNPs may be a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of biofilm-associated infections caused by bacteria and yeasts.
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- 2022
50. Synthesis and Evaluation of Finasteride-Loaded HPMC-Based Nanogels for Transdermal Delivery: A Versatile Nanoscopic Platform
- Author
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Aousaf Ahmad, Mahmood Ahmad, Muhammad Usman Minhas, Muhammad Sarfraz, Muhammad Sohail, Kifayat Ullah Khan, Sana Tanveer, and Shakeel Ijaz
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Drug Liberation ,Hypromellose Derivatives ,Article Subject ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Finasteride ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Nanogels ,General Medicine ,Administration, Cutaneous ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - Abstract
Herein, we report nanogels comprising diverse feed ratio of polymer hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), monomer acrylic acid (AA), and cross-linker methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) fabricated for transdermal delivery of finasteride (FIN). Free radical solution polymerization method with subsequent condensation was employed for the synthesis using ammonium per sulfate (APS) and sodium hydrogen sulfite (SHS) as initiators. Carbopol-940 gel (CG) was formulated as assisting platform to deliver FIN nanogels transdermally. Developed formulations were evaluated by several in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo parameters such as particle size and charge distribution analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractogram (XRD), rheological testing, in vitro swelling and drug release, and ex vivo skin permeation, irritation, and toxicity assessment. The results endorsed the nanogel formation ( 117.3 ± 29.113 nm), and the impact of synthesizing method was signified by high yield of nanogels (≈91%). Efficient response for in vitro swelling and FIN release was revealed at pH 5.5 and 7.4. Skin irritation and toxicity assessment ensured the biocompatibility of prepared nanocomposites. On the basis of the results obtained, it can be concluded that the developed nanogels were stable with excellent drug permeation profile across skin.
- Published
- 2022
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