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The historical cadastral archives are an important source of information to help understand our cultural heritage since they contain a trace of the activities, land uses, and buildings developed by people from different periods. However, in the era of Big Data there remain many historical documents of great value that have not been digitized or studied in depth. This is the case of the cabreves, which are precatastral documents used for centuries in several regions of Spain to document those properties that were subject to the payment of taxes to a feudal lord. Rescuing these data would enable studying the landscape structure of relatively recent dates for which there is no cadastral cartography. However, it is difficult to establish the state of conservation, degree of accessibility, content detail, and quality of the archived cabreves. In recent years, progress has been made in digitizing these sources. In Spain, the Spanish Archives Portal (PARES) harmonizes and unifies the efforts of national archives, and a significant number of documents have been archived in recent years. We use text mining techniques to analyze and map the records in which cabreves appear. Out of the 1752 records found, a total of 1408 cabreves have been geocoded and mapped, enabling us to establish which territories and periods can be studied using these sources. From this experience, we request that digital archives maintain a geographical perspective during archival appraisal. This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, project SIOSE-INNOVA (CSO2016-79420-R AEI/FEDER UE).

In this work we study the alteration in compositional diversity of bird abundances at the species level from 2012 to 2017 in one of the most important wetland Natura sites in Northern Greece and by using different biodiversity indices. Shannon Entropy was lower during 2012 (DH = 1.509) albeit remained in similar levels from 2013 and afterwards. The highest values of Shannon Entropy were recorded in 2014 (DH = 2.927) and 2016 (DH = 2.888) suggesting that there is a higher diversity compared to the other observation years and especially 2012. The yearly trends of the Simpson dominance index and the Gini-Simpson Index had quite similar patterns. The Berger-Parker index, DD, which represents the maximum proportion of any species estimated in the sample assemblage, had its highest values in 2012 (DD = 0.58) and 2017 (DD = 0.39) and its lowest in 2014 (DD = 0.13) and 2016 (DD = 0.15). A complete characterization of diversity was possible through the projection of Hill numbers and the Rényi entropy, parameterized by the order q in terms of an empirical curve. According to the Hills numbers pooled over the years, the mean species abundance (q = 0) was estimated at 31 species, the mean biodiversity (q = 1) was 13 species and the most dominant species (q = 2) were 8 species. The quantification of bird biodiversity in the particular research area patterns is a fundamental task to evaluate current management actions, improve conservation and design future management strategies.

The lower Gállego River has been strongly degraded since the 1960s due to human activity (gravel mining, dump accumulation, channeling works), which has produced a deep channel incision. Although these human-driven processes are usually reported in fluvial bibliography, in this case, more complex results are observable. For instance, regarding the depth and incision rates, we observed no relationship between the most anthropically impacted areas and the sections with the deepest incisions; moreover, the deepening process continues 40 years after the human interventions ceased. The reason for this maladjustment is the role played by the exhumation of the underlying Pleistocene substrate, affected by the synsedimentary processes of karstification. The appearance of paleodolines filled with fine sediments on the incision bottom and sides is the main factor conditioning the continuity and magnitude of the process. Besides, these paleodepressions direct the river dynamics and course, thus favoring its widening when they appear and causing the development of a new riverbed (Qt13) while the 1960s floodplain (Qt12) is becoming an old terrace located between 5 and 11 m above the new alluvial bottom. There are no previous records about this kind of consequences in the regional fluvial dynamics. El curso bajo del río Gállego ha sido fuertemente degradado desde los años 1960 por la actividad antrópica (extracción de áridos, acumulaciones de escombros, obras de encauzamiento) que ha conducido a una fuerte incisión. Aunque este tipo de procesos inducidos por el hombre son habituales en la bibliografía fluvial, en este caso se aprecian efectos más complejos. Son, por ejemplo, la profundidad y velocidad de la incisión, la falta de relación entre puntos de máxima intervención y los de mayor incisión o la continuidad del proceso cuarenta años después de cesar ese tipo de acciones. La respuesta a estos desajustes está en el papel que está jugando la exhumación del sustrato pleistoceno infrayacente, afectado por procesos sin sedimentarios de karstificación. La aparición de paleodolinas rellenas de sedimentos finos en el fondo y laterales de la incisión es actualmente el principal determinante de su importancia y continuidad. Además, estas paleodepresiones dirigen la dinámica y trazado del río y puntualmente fa- vorecen ensanchamientos laterales. Esto propicia la aparición de un nuevo lecho (Qt13) a medida que el lecho de los años 1960 (Qt12) va quedando como una terraza colgada entre 5 y 11 m sobre el nuevo fondo aluvial. No hay antecedentes de este tipo de consecuencias en la dinámica fluvial regional. Fil: Peña Monné, Jose Luis. Universidad de Zaragoza. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; España Fil: Longares Aladrén, Luis Alberto. Universidad de Zaragoza. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; España Fil: Rubio Fernández, V.. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; España Fil: Sampietro Vattuone, Maria Marta. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Laboratorio de Geoarqueología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina Fil: Sánchez-Fabre, Miguel. Universidad de Zaragoza. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; España

Morella is an archetypical medieval town that is home to many heritage buildings, protected by fortified walls and crowned by an imposing castle. Located in a mountainous area, this town is one of only four examples in the Valencian Region (Spain) that retain the entire defence perimeter. This defence heritage has been decisive not only in shaping the urban layout of the town, but also in the local lifestyle and traditions of the place: living inside the walls means being protected from the weather, but also inhabiting a limited environment and having social and cultural connotations. The process of enhancing the value of heritage buildings involves studying, analysing and understanding the elements they are made up of with the aim of proposing new uses based on their significance, their characteristics, the environment and social needs. To address this objective, the present work has carried out an architectural analysis of each of the towers and gates of the town walls, which has made it possible to study their characteristics and detect the potential for the interpretation of the heritage buildings in each section. The result is the ‘Walls Walking Tour’, a proposal for a public visit that divides the walled perimeter of Morella into five thematic areas that each offers different types of routes, activities and relationships with the environment. In short, this initiative contributes to the enhancement and cultural diffusion of Morella's defence heritage, and brings buildings and their history closer both to the local population and to visitors.

The Sierra de Aconquija is a recently uplifted mountain chain in NW Argentina. The NE side of the sierra is drained by the Muñoz and Los Alisos rivers – whose base level is the Las Carreras Depression that is located to the SW of the Tafí valley. Two of the major headwaters of the Muñoz River suffered during its Holocene development from piracy by the Los Alisos River. These piracies had important consequences on the size of both basins and the functioning of their alluvial fans. The main causes of the captures were changes in river dynamics during Lateglacial and Holocene glacial events. Neotectonic activation does not seem to be the most determining factor, although there are active Holocene faults nearby (Las Carreras Fault 2). Geomorphological and human occupation data recovered from the alluvial fans enables us to estimate that the most recent capture was produced during the Late Holocene. Fil: Peña Monné, Jose Luis. Universidad de Zaragoza. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; España Fil: Sampietro Vattuone, Maria Marta. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Laboratorio de Geoarqueología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

International audience; The aim of this work is to study the process of transformation of debris-free mountain glaciers into debris-covered glaciers and rock glaciers, and to examine the factors driving diverging evolution in similar glacial systems. The study area is the Hofsdalur valley, in the Trollaskagi peninsula (northern Iceland), where several cirques host a great diversity of glaciers and rock glaciers as well as various glacial landforms. Four adjacent cirques have been analysed through a multidisciplinary approach: geomorphological analysis, boulder surface displacement tracking, quantification of recent glacier changes, three dimensional palaeoglacier reconstruction, equilibrium-line altitude calculations and relative and direct dating methods applied to surface boulders. Dating methods included in situ Cl-36 cosmic-ray exposure dating, Schmidt hammer weathering measurements and lichenometric dating. The results confirm that glaciers in Hofsdalur followed an evolution pattern similar to that observed in other cirques in the Trollaskagi peninsula. During the Younger Dryas (12.9-11.7 ka) many of those cirques hosted debris-free glaciers, whose retreat started in the early Holocene. Distinct retreat dynamics and cirque floor elevation conditioned the subsequent glacial evolution. In some Trollaskagi cirques, the ice completely covered the headwalls, which consequently did not supply debris onto the glacier surface, which remained debris-free. In most of these cirques, however, glacier retreat enhanced paraglacial processes and the ice-free cirque walls generated a high debris supply onto the glacier surface. As a result, the glaciers evolved towards debris-covered glaciers or rock glaciers, depending on the local topographical setting. In the lower cirques they collapsed immediately after their formation. At higher altitudes, above the lower permafrost limit, these ice-cored landforms have survived until the present day, but they have been stagnant since the Holocene Thermal Maximum, while the heads of these cirques have hosted debris-free glaciers during the Late Holocene.

A.S.T.E.R. TEAM : Georges Aumaître, Didier Bourlès et Karim Keddadouche; International audience; The objective of this work is to chronologically establish the origin of the different glacial and rock glacier complex landforms deposited by Heoinsdalsjokull glacier (65 degrees 39' N, 18 degrees 55' W), in the Heoinsdalur valley (Skagafjorour fjord, Trollaskagi peninsula, central northern Iceland). Multiple methods were applied: geomorphological analysis and mapping, glacier reconstruction and equilibrium-line altitude calculation, Cosmic-Ray Exposure dating (in situ cosmogenic Cl-36), and lichenometric dating. The results reveal that a debris-free glacier receded around 6.6 +/- 0.6 ka, during the Holocene Thermal Maximum. The retreat of the glacier exposed its headwall and accelerated paraglacial dynamics. As a result, the glacier terminus evolved into a debris-covered glacier and a rock glacier at a slightly higher elevation. The front of this rock glacier stabilized shortly after it formed, although nuclide inheritance is possible, but its sector close the valley head stabilized between 1.5 and 0.6 ka. The lowest part of the debris-covered glacier (between 600 and 820 m altitude) collapsed at ca. 2.4 ka. Since then, periods of glacial advance and retreat have alternated, particularly during the Little Ice Age. The maximum advance during this phase occurred in the 15th to 17th centuries with subsequent re-advances, namely at the beginning of the 19th and 20th centuries. After a significant retreat during the first decades of the 20th century, the glacier advanced in the 1960s to 1990s, and then retreated again, in accordance with the local climatic evolution. The internal ice of both the debris-covered and the rock glacier have survived until the present day, although enhanced subsidence provides evidence of their gradual degradation. A new rock glacier developed from an ice-cored moraine from around 1940-1950 CE. Thus, the Holocene coupling between paraglacial and climatic shifts has resulted in a complex evolution of Heoinsdalsjokull, which is conflicting with previously proposed models: a glacier, which had first evolved into a debris-covered and rock glacier, could later be transformed into a debris-free glacier, with a higher sensitivity to climatic variability.

The aim of the present work has been to identify the influence of topography on local atmospheric features at multiple temporal scales in a peri-urban area of Bahía Blanca (Argentina). Records were collected at two weather stations with a 35 m difference in elevation. As the area has been authorised for residential occupancy, knowing its hygrothermal distribution is considered essential for bioclimatic design. Topographical characteristics have an impact on local atmospheric features. In the lower areas of the valley records have shown lower temperature and higher humidity percentages than in the high areas. This difference increased during night hours and winter months. With clear skies, the thermal difference between both locations reached 4 °C in the hours before dawn in a winter’s day. The occurrence, intensity and duration of frosts were higher in the lower areas of the valley. Fil: Gentili, Jorge Osvaldo. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina Fil: Fernández, María Eugenia. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina Fil: Gil, Veronica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina

Fluvial basins located on the NE side of the Sierra de Aconquija and facing the Tafí valley (NW Argentina) enable a study of the sedimentary records of valleys and alluvial fans that have been subject to glacial and periglacial dynamics since the Fini-Pleistocene to Upper Holocene. i) The oldest morphosedimentary unit (H1A) encompasses the Late Glacial and Early Holocene. A relationship was established linking fluvioglacial terraces to records from El Rincón profile (Younger Dryas) belonging to the most important glacial phase (G1) in the cirques found in the NE of Aconquija; ii) similarly, there is a G2 glacial phase (Neoglacial) that could be connected with the H1B records of the Muñoz River and dated to Early-Middle Holocene; iii) the final units (H2 and H3 from Upper Holocene) form a stepped terrace in the valleys and were interpreted as corresponding to the rock glacier phases from the high mountains and highlighting those that were active during the LIA. Fil: Peña Monné, José Luis. Universidad de Zaragoza. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; España Fil: Sampietro Vattuone, Maria Marta. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Laboratorio de Geoarqueología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina

Anthropogenic landscape changes cause significant disturbances to fluvial system dynamics and such is the case of the watersheds studied near the Spanish Mediterranean coast (Cartagena). Economic growth resulted in the addition of external water resources from the Tajo River (1979) as part of the National Water Plan (1933). Irrigation water has caused the water table to rise since 1979. Furthermore, water resources have boosted urban touristic expansion, industrial estates, and road infrastructures. This study presents a diagnosis of the official flood hazard maps by applying remote sensing techniques that enable the identification of (i) areas flooded during recent events, and (ii) the possible effects of anthropogenic actions on fluvial processes affecting flooding (land use and land cover change&mdash, LULCC). The flooded areas were identified from a multispectral satellite image taken by a sensor on Sentinel-2. A multi-temporal analysis of aerial photographs (1929, 1956, 1981, 2009, and 2017) showing the fluvial and anthropic environment at a detailed scale (1:25,000) was used to define the fluvial geomorphology and the main anthropic alterations on the Rebollos ephemeral stream. Official inputs from geographical information repositories about land use were also gathered (LULC). The result was compared to the official flood hazard maps (SNCZI) and this revealed floodable areas that had not been previously mapped because official maps rely only on the hydraulic method. Finally, all the recent changes that will have increased the disastrous consequences of flooding have been detected, analyzed, and mapped for the study area.

Trabajo fin de máster. Defendido en 2021. Máster en Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación para la Educación y Aprendizaje Digital. Elaborar una Unidad Didáctica de Geografía desde la estrategia del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos, ABP, ha sido el objetivo de nuestro Trabajo Fin de Master. Con la idea de poder implementarla en un centro educativo real en un nivel de primero de la ESO, hemos realizado en primer lugar un recorrido por la lectura y el análisis de los principales autores que han abordado las metodologías ABP, para pasar en segundo lugar a incluir e incardinar los diferentes elementos curriculares que debemos tener presente en su diseño. Las claves metodológicas del ABP y los elementos curriculares nos han permitido elaborar una unidad de aprendizaje centrado en el estudio físico de Europa; relieve, clima y paisaje, llevando al alumno a realizar un viaje por el continente apoyado exclusivamente en los recursos TIC, con la finalidad de que el alumno entienda la compleja configuración del relieve europeo y su diversidad bioclimática. La idea de viajar por Europa será clave en el desarrollo de nuestro proyecto. Intentaremos con ello elevar la motivación del alumno y aumentar su curiosidad hacia el aprendizaje de una geografía práctica que le va a ayudar a entender el espacio desde su entorno más inmediato hasta los rincones más remotos de Europa, donde las TIC se convertirán el principal medio de transporte que nos permitirá realizar este viaje sin salir del aula. Abstract: The aim of our Master's thesis was to develop a Geography Teaching Unit using the Project Based Learning (PBL) strategy. With the idea of being able to implement it in a real educational centre at the first level of secondary school, we have first of all gone through a reading and analysis of the main authors who have dealt with PBL methodologies, to then go on to include and incorporate the different curricular elements that must be taken into account in its design. The methodological keys of PBL and the curricular elements have allowed us to elaborate a learning unit focused on the physical study of Europe; relief, climate and landscape, taking the student on a journey through the continent supported exclusively by ICT resources, with the aim that the student understands the complex configuration of the European relief and its bioclimatic diversity. The idea of travelling around Europe will be key in the development of our project. We will try to increase the pupils' motivation and curiosity towards learning a practical geography that will help them to understand the space from their immediate surroundings to the most remote corners of Europe, where ICT will become the main means of transport that will allow us to make this journey without leaving the classroom. Ordenador con navegador de Internet ; Adobe Acrobat Reader 71 p. (Según el contador de la aplicación)

This paper is about the morphological and biogeographical changes in Sao Mateus River mouth in Espirito Santo State, southeast of Brazilian coast between 1970 and 2017. During this period the mangrove ecosystem had been disrupted by fluvial-marine processes that affect this part of coast causing several problems to the county of Conceicao da Barra as well as to the navigation, to the fisherman and tourism. The evolution of this part of the coast shows that fluvial-marine processes and the precipitation along the basin of Sao Mateus River changed drastically in 1991 by increased precipitation along the watershed and, consequently, increasing the amount of water at the mouth modifying the estuarine features, which suffered erosion and deposition on the mangroves and restinga. On the other hand, these processes also led to the colonization of new areas by mangroves. These processes are being monitored by a research project which measures the damages over the mangroves and the replacement of another types of vegetation since 1995. This paper presents the changes in morphology in a systemic perspective integrating the vegetation and pluvial attributes in the basin of Sao Mateus River.

Orientador: Raul Reis Amorim Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências Resumo: uma mesma obra que apresenta diferentes edições. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como a obra Panorama Geográfico do Brasil, escrita pelo professor Melhem Adas e editada desde a década de 1980, tem tratado as temáticas físico-naturais ao longo de todas as suas edições. Como objetivos específicos elencou-se três: (1) inventariar como as temáticas físico-naturais são tratadas em cada uma das edições, não deixando de enfocar quais temáticas foram suprimidas ou acrescidas e as linguagens adotadas; (2) verificar quais as normativas apontadas nos documentos curriculares oficiais para o ensino de Geografia no 2º. Grau/Ensino Médio a partir da década de 1980; e (3) identificar que mudanças nas concepções da ciência geográfica ao longo das últimas três décadas influenciaram a concepção das abordagens dos conteúdos. A obra Panorama Geográfico do Brasil apresenta 4 edições: 1ª edição (1980); 2ª edição (1985); 3ª edição (1998) e a última edição datada de 2004. Nas últimas edições, o professor Melhem Adas ganha a colaboração do professor Sérgio Adas e a elaboração cartográfica de Marcelo Martinelli. No intervalo entre uma edição e outra, as mesmas tinham seus dados atualizados. Para atender aos objetivos propostos será necessário: (a) construir uma leitura sistemática, aplicando a metodologia da análise de conteúdo proposta por Krippendoff (1980), utilizando uma chave de classificação. Tal chave será construída a partir das orientações propostas por Holsti (1969). Esta chave de classificação será baseada na unidade de registro: conceitos, linguagens, correlação entre os componentes físico-naturais e os demais conteúdos da Geografia para cada uma das edições, e posteriormente fazer uma correlação matricial entre cada uma das edições para identificar as similaridades e divergências para cada conteúdo abordado; (b) Consultar os documentos curriculares oficiais publicados pelo Ministério da Educação entre os anos de 1980 e 2004 para identificar como as normativas influenciaram na emergência, supressão ou mudanças de abordagem de determinados conteúdos; e (c) Reconhecer, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica de textos acadêmicos referentes à História da Geografia Escolar e da obra didática em questão, quais as mudanças nas concepções da ciência geográfica que influenciaram a produção dos conteúdos escolares ligados às temáticas físico-naturais. Também serão realizadas três entrevistas: com o professor Melhem Adas e de seus colaboradores nas 3ª. e 4ª. Edição, os professores Sérgio Adas e Marcelo Martinelli. O projeto tem cronograma de execução proposto para 24 meses, intercalando com a conclusão dos créditos exigidos pelo programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, participação e apresentação de trabalhos em eventos científicos nacionais e internacionais, exame de qualificação e redação da dissertação Abstract: The approach of textbooks reflects and translates the policies as and the school conceptions of each epoch. In the case of the geography textbooks, this is quite noticeable when comparing the same work that presents different editions. This work aims to analyze how the geographic panorama of Brazil, written by Professor Melhem Adas and edited since the decade of 1980, has treated the physical-natural themes throughout all its editions. The specific objectives were three: (1) inventoriing How the physicalnatural themes are dealt with in each of the editions, not failing to focus on which themes were suppressed or added and the languages adopted; (2) To verify the norms indicated in the documents as officers for the teaching of Geography No. 2. Degree/high School from the decade of 1980; and (3) to identify that changes in the conceptions of geographic science over the last three decades influenced the conception of content approaches. The geographic panorama of Brazil has 4 editions: 1st edition (1980); 2nd edition (1985); 3rd edition (1998) and the last Near edition of 2004. In the last editions, Professor Melhem Adas gains the collaboration of Professor Sérgio Adas and the cartographic elaboration of Marcelo Martinelli. In the interval between one edit and the other, they had their data updated. To meet the proposed objectives will be necessary: (a) construct a systematic reading, applying the methodology of content analysis proposed by Krippendoff (1980), using a classification key. This key will be built from the guidelines proposed by Holsti (1969). This classification key will be based on the registration unit: Concepts, languages, correlation between the physical-natural components and the other contents of the geography for each of the editions, and subsequently make a matrix correlation between each of the editions to identify the similarities and divergences for each content addressed; (b) Consult the official curriculum documents published by the Ministry of Education between the years 1980 and 2004 to identify how the norms influenced the emergence, suppression or changes in the approach of certain contents; and (c) to acknowledge, through a bibliographic review of academic texts referring to the history of school geography and the didactic work in question, what changes in the conceptions of geographic science that influenced the production of school contents Related to physical-natural themes. Three interviews will also be held: with Professor Melhem Adas and his collaborators in the 3rd. and 4th. Edition, Professors Sérgio Adas and Marcelo Martinelli. The project has a proposed execution schedule for 24 months, merging with the completion of the credits required by the graduate program in geography, participation and presentation of papers in national and international scientific events, examination of Qualification and writing of the dissertation Mestrado Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial Mestre em Geografia CAPES

Tafí valley is an elongated tectonic basin of about 450 km 2 located in NW Argentina in a mountainous frame of metamorphic and granitic Precambrian-Paleozoic rocks belonging to Sierras Pampeanas. This study presents the first detailed geomorphological map of the area. The most representative landforms date to the Lateglacial-Holocene, with four differentiating aggradative units separated by incision phases. Among these phases, it is possible to identify the units H1 (Lateglacial-Early and Middle Holocene) and H2 (Upper Holocene until ca. 600 cal BP). These units are composed of slopes, fluvial terraces, and alluvial fans, forming a coupled system. In some areas, this system is complemented with fluvioglacial and glacial landforms. More recent units (H3 and H4), together with active processes, contribute to the great variety of morphologies represented in the area. Fil: Sampietro Vattuone, Maria Marta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Laboratorio de Geoarqueología; Argentina Fil: Peña Monné, José Luis. Universidad de Zaragoza. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; España

O rápido e desordenado crescimento urbano gerou um meio geográfico artificial e de baixa salubridade ambiental, caracterizado pela expansão de áreas periféricas e centrais. As transformações no uso e ocupação do solo geram mudanças no balanço de energia e na atmosfera, resultando no aquecimento das cidades. Portanto, o objetivo desse artigo é analisar a Temperatura de Superfície Terrestre (TST) e relacionar com cobertura vegetal por meio do Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI) no município de Fortaleza, Ceará. Inicialmente foram obitidas as imagens orbitais, sensores OLI, (Operational Land Imager) e TIRS10 (Thermal Infrared Sensor) do Landsat-8 em United States Geological Survey (USGS) – órbita 217 e ponto 62. As imagens escolhidas para esse estudo é de 02/08/2013 e 26/08/2016. Verificou-se a relação direta do vigor da biomassa (NDVI) e da urbanização com valores de temperatura de superfície e as ilhas de calor urbano. Os ambientes que apresentaram menores valores de NDVI, com exceção os corpos aquáticos, apresentaram maiores valores de temperatura, expondo a importância da vegetação no microclima.

The combined Rhone and Aare Glaciers presumably reached their last glacial maximum (LGM) extent on the Swiss Plateau prior to 24 ka. Two well-preserved, less extensive moraine stades, the Gurten and Bern Stade, document the last deglaciation of the Aare Valley, yet age constraints are very scarce. In order to establish a more robust chronology for the glacial/deglacial history of the Aare Valley, we applied 10Be surface exposure dating on eleven boulders from the Gurten and Bern Stade. Several exposure ages are of Holocene age and likely document post-depositional processes, including boulder toppling and quarrying. The remaining exposure ages, however yield oldest ages of 20.7 ± 2.2 ka for the Gurten Stade and 19.0 ± 2.0 ka for the Bern Stade. Our results are in good agreement with published chronologies from other sites in the Alps. Fil: Wüthrich, Lorenz. University of Bern; Suiza Fil: Garcia Morabito, Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio; Argentina. University of Bern; Suiza Fil: Zech, Jana. University of Bern; Suiza Fil: Trauerstein, Mareike. University of Bern; Suiza Fil: Veit, Heinz. University of Bern; Suiza Fil: Gnägi, Christian. University of Bern; Suiza Fil: Merchel, Silke. Helmholtz-zentrum, Dresden-rossendorf, Deutschland; Alemania Fil: Scharf, Andreas. Helmholtz-Zentrum; Alemania Fil: Rugel, Georg. Helmholtz-Zentrum; Alemania Fil: Christl, Marcus. Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Suiza Fil: Zech, Roland. University of Bern; Suiza

Water quality models are useful tools to understand and mitigate eutrophication processes. However, gaining access to high-resolution data and fitting models to local conditions can interfere with their implementation. This paper analyzes whether it is possible to create a spatial model of nutrient water level at a local scale that is applicable in different geophysical and land-use conditions. The total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were modeled by integrating Geographical Information Systems, Remote Sensing, and Generalized Additive and Land-Use Changes Modeling. The research was based on two case studies, which included 204 drainage basins, with nutrient and limnological data collected during two seasons. The models performed well under local conditions, with small errors calculated from the independent samples. The recorded and predicted concentrations of nutrients indicated a significant risk of water eutrophication in both areas, showing the impact of agricultural intensification and population growth on water quality. The models are a contribution to the sustainable land-use planning process, which can help to prevent or promote land-use transformation and new practices in agricultural production and urban design. The ability to implement models using secondary information, which is easily collected at a low cost, is the most remarkable feature of this approach. Universidad de la República. Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación Programa de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Básicas - Geociencias

 O objetivo desse estudo é comparar imagens de satélite RapidEye, corrigida e não corrigida, e classificar a cobertura e uso da terra do município de Pinheiral, Rio de Janeiro. Foi utilizado o modelo 6S (Second Simulation of Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum) para correção das imagens, em seguida realizada a caracterização do uso da terra, a partir de índices de vegetação por diferença normalizada (NDVI) e de vegetação ajustado ao solo (SAVI). Assim, recomenda-se a correção atmosférica baseada na transferência radioativa, melhorando a acurácia da extração de informações dos alvos. Os índices apresentaram um bom desempenho na identificação das classes de cobertura e densidade. A classe de cobertura predominante é a pastagem, com diferentes níveis de degradação, seguido de fragmentos florestais dispostos principalmente nas regiões sul e sudeste do município. Em geral, ocorrem pastagens com alto nível de degradação, associadas a relevo fortemente ondulado, com morros dissecados no "formato de meia laranja". Essa região apresenta alta fragilidade quanto a processos erosivos, requerendo estudos relacionados ao manejo do solo.

The study of how ecosystems develop is essential in order to understand their capacity of response to specific disturbances. Based on this idea, this paper analyses the transformations that have occurred over the last 400 years in the Serra d’Aitana, a singular area combining the typical ecological and historical features of a European Mediterranean mountain range. The article summarises the results of extensive research which has used numerous sources, both documented and oral, along with field work. The results are presented in five periods (up to 1650, 1650-1850, 1850-1920, 1920-1960 and 1960-2010) which check the intensity of the changes from five processes: expansion of agricultural land, livestock, forest fires, forestry and reforestation. This provides a general analytical framework which will facilitate the work of future, more detailed studies of the Valencia Baetic mountain range., El estudio sobre la trayectoria histórica de los ecosistemas es necesario para comprender su capacidad de respuesta ante determinadas perturbaciones. A partir de esta idea, el presente trabajo analiza las transformaciones del paisaje ocurridas en los últimos 400 años en la Serra d’Aitana, un espacio singular que reúne las principales características ecológicas e históricas de la montaña media mediterránea europea. El artículo sintetiza los resultados de una larga investigación en la que se han empleado numerosas fuentes documentales, orales y de trabajo de campo. Los resultados se ofrecen en cinco periodos (hasta 1650, 1650-1850, 1850-1920, 1920-1960 y 1960-2010) que permiten comprobar la intensidad de los cambios ocurridos a partir de cinco procesos: expansión de la superficie agraria, ganadería, incendios forestales, aprovechamientos forestales y repoblaciones forestales. De esta forma se obtiene un marco analítico general que permitirá centrar posteriores estudios de detalle en las montañas béticas valencianas.

Genista longipes Pau forma parte de los matorrales orófilos pulvinulares béticos, una de las comunidades vegetales más vulnerables al calentamiento global. Su distribución más oriental en la península Ibérica se localiza en la culminación de la Serra d’Aitana (Alicante), considerada un área refugio de extrema fragilidad ante cualquier alteración climática. En 2004 se realizó una cartografía corológica de detalle de la distribución de la especie en el sector oriental de la sierra, preferentemente a partir de 1475 msnm, registrándose una pequeña subpoblación aislada a 1300 msnm. Para tratar de entender esta localización disyunta se ha calculado el Índice de Termicidad para cuadrículas de 200 m de lado con el fin de determinar la extensión y subdivisión del piso supramediterráneo, modelizándose un escenario de aumento de las temperaturas que ocasionaría su extinción. Para verificar esta hipótesis, desde 2014 se realiza un seguimiento mediante un exhaustivo trabajo de campo con GPS de precisión. Los resultados arrojan datos controvertidos, puesto que la población aumentó significativamente entre 2004 y 2014 y se encuentra en un declive sostenido desde 2014 a 2018. Se discute el valor de la temperatura como única variable a tratar y la necesidad de analizar el papel del viento y del manejo histórico de la vegetación para entender su dinámica. Genista longipes Pau is part of orophile pulvinular baetic scrubs, one of the one of the plant communities most vulnerable to global warming. Its easternmost distribution in the Iberian Peninsula is located at the culmination of the Serra d’Aitana (Alicante), considered a refuge of extreme fragility in the face of any climatic alteration. In 2004, a detailed corological cartography was made with the distribution of the species in the eastern sector of the sierra, preferably from 1475 mamsl, registering a small isolated subpopulation at 1300 mamsl. To try to understand this disjunct location, the Thermicity Index has been calculated for squares of 200 m on each side in order to determine the extension and subdivision of the supra-Mediterranean level, modeling a scenario of increased temperatures that would cause its extinction. To verify this hypothesis, since 2014 a follow-up is carried out through an exhaustive fieldwork with centimeter accuracy GPS. The results show controversial data, since the population increased significantly between 2004 and 2014 and is in a sustained decline from 2014 to 2018. The value of temperature is discussed as the only variable to be treated and the need to analyze the role of wind and the historical management of vegetation to understand its dynamics. Esta aportación se inscribe en el Proyecto de Investigación I+D SIOSE-INNOVA (CSO2016-79420-R - AEI/FEDER, UE). Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Programa Estatal de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, en el marco del Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016.

A Agência Portuguesa do Ambiente (APA) é a entidade possuidora de um valioso arquivo resultante da atividade centenária desenvolvida pelos Serviços Hidráulicos com tutela sobre a gestão da água e o planeamento dos recursos hídricos. Os processes arquivados no acervo da APA contam casos de estudo que percorrem os usos das águas públicas para diferentes fins, as modalidades da sua utilização, nas técnicas mais tradicionais, e a sua inserção nos diferentes processos produtivos industriais. Este artigo apresenta algumas temáticas de interesse geográfico relacionados com as bacias do norte de Portugal e à evolução das características morfométricas de seus cursos de água, The Portuguese Environment Agency is the entity that owns a valuable archiveresultingfromthecentenaryactivitycarried out bytheHydraulicServicesresponsible for water management andwaterresourcesplanning. The processes filed in the APA collectioncontain case studiesthat cover the use ofpublicwaters for differentpurposes, themodalitiesoftheir use in themosttraditionaltechniques, andtheirinsertion in thedifferent industrial production processes. Thisarticlepresents some themesofgeographicalinterestrelated to the basins ofnorthern Portugal andtheevolutionofthemorphometriccharacteristicsoftheirwatercourses, La Agencia Portuguesa de Medio Ambientees la entidadpropietaria de un valioso archivo resultante de la actividadcentenariallevada a cabo por los Servicios Hidráulicos responsables de la gestióndel agua y la planificación de los recursos hídricos. Los procesosarchivadosenel archivocontienenestudios de casos que cubren el uso de aguas públicas para diferentes propósitos, las modalidades de su uso en las técnicas más tradicionales y suinserciónen los diferentes procesos de producción industrial. Este artículo presenta algunos temas de interés geográfico relacionados con las cuencasdel norte de Portugal y la evolución de las características morfométricas de sus cursos de agua

Flooding, economic losses in agricultural activity and climatological variability are very natural phenomena on plains. In particular, the central plains in Argentina, that are the most productive agrarian areas in the country, are characterized by significant alternate inter-annual droughts and floods. Moreover, the topographic features of the study area contribute to high exposure to flooding. In this study, a method for estimating the Hydrological Vulnerability (HV), related to the hydrological surplus, is developed for three river basins in the Pampas plains in Argentina, which includes a comprehensive analysis and scoring of various physical, climatological and hydrological variables. All the data were processed in a raster format, in a GIS environment. Finally, the method was validated, in a qualitative and a quantitative form, with a world and national disasters database, government national and satellite data and previous studies. It provides a structured approach for carrying out an assessment of hydrological vulnerability, which is applicable at different spatial scales. Fil: Bohn, Vanesa Yael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Piccolo, Maria Cintia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina

La urbanización en el sur del litoral alicantino ha supuesto la eliminación y la fragmentación del hábitat de taxones de gran interés, catalogados y clasificados como amenazados, caso de Helianthemum caput-felis Boiss. y Tudorella mauretanica Pallary. Para conocer el estado legal de protección y la distribución de estas especies se ha consultado la información disponible en organismos públicos estatales y autonómicos. Además, se han añadido los datos tomados por los autores con GPS de alta precisión desde 2006. Esta información corológica ha permitido elaborar un análisis espacial con herramientas SIG y valorar el estado actual de estas especies en el sur de la provincia de Alicante. En este trabajo, se pone de manifiesto cómo la información exhaustiva y detallada ha permitido u obligado a rediseñar sucesivos instrumentos de planificación; siendo la Infraestructura Verde el concepto utilizado para la configuración definitiva de los espacios protegidos mediante la aplicación del criterio básico de conectividad ecológica. The urbanization in the south coast of Alicante has meant the elimination and fragmentation for the habitat of very interesting taxa specimens, cataloged and classified as threatened, in the case of Helianthemum caput-felis Boiss. and Tudorella mauretanica Pallary. In order to know the legal status of protection and the distribution of these species, the information available in state and autonomous public agencies has been consulted. In addition, the data taken by the authors with high precision GPS since 2006 has been added. This information has allowed to elaborate a spatial analysis with GIS tools and to assess the current status of the two species in the south of the province of Alicante. In this paper, it becomes clear how the exhaustive and detailed information of these two threatened species has allowed or forced to redesign successive planning instruments; being the Green Infrastructure the concept used for the definitive configuration of protected spaces through the application of the basic criterion of ecological connectivity.

The disorderly use of land is currently one of the main causes of environmental problems. From this perspective, the objective of this study was to determine the natural and environmental vulnerability of the Jauru river basin in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso. This goal was made from the perspective that the results generated contribute to environmental planning and management, considering that the Jauru river is tributary of the Paraguay river, responsible for the flooding of the Pantanal plain and, that possible impacts caused by the basin may compromise the dynamic equilibrium of the Pantanal's flood pulse. The model of assessment of natural and environmental vulnerability was adopted, with the identification of the following environmental characteristics: geology, slope, agricultural aptitude and vegetation cover and land use. Data were related through Geographic Information Systems to generate natural and environmental vulnerability maps. It was verified, through the data obtained, that in both vulnerabilities studied there was a predominance of the middle class, mainly resulting from the presence of fragile soils. Also, the predominance of the classes of agricultural aptitude found in the basin, as well as the suppression of the natural vegetation to expand the pasture areas. It was concluded that the areas covered by natural vegetation and/or pastures, in the Jauru river basin, present average natural vulnerability and state of medium to high environmental vulnerability, evidencing that livestock, the main activity regional economic development, has been developed in disagreement with environmental aptitude, contributing to the elevation of the state of environmental vulnerability in the basin.

Reliable methods for volcanic impact and risk assessments are essential. They provide constructive information to emergency and disaster managers, critical infrastructure providers, the insurance industry, and wider society. Posteruption clean-up of tephra deposits is a prevalent and expensive (time and resource) activity which is often not planned for. Here, we present an overview of the clean-up efforts undertaken in four communities after the VEI 4 eruption of Calbuco volcano in 2015. We narratively reconstruct clean-up efforts in Ensenada (Chile), Junín de los Andes (Argentina), San Martín de los Andes (Argentina), and Villa La Angostura (Argentina) using semi-structured interviews, syn- and post-deposition photographs, pre- and post-event visual spectrum satellite imagery, and media reports. We compare these reconstructions with estimates based on a geospatial modelling approach adapted from Hayes et al. (Journal of Applied Volcanology 6:1; 2017). Specifically, we compare reported and geospatially derived estimates for volume of tephra removed, and clean-up operation duration. Our modelling approach performed well for Junín de los Andes but did not adequately capture volume and clean-up operation duration for the three remaining case study locations. We discuss several sources of uncertainty (including observational errors and natural variance of tephra deposit thickness), reported tephra removal volume estimates, clean-up methods, land use, and temporal evolution of clean-up operation demand. Our work demonstrates the utility of using simple geospatial data to develop assessments for tephra clean-up for use in response and recovery planning, and quantitative volcanic impact and risk assessments. Fil: Hayes, Josh. University of Canterbury; Nueva Zelanda Fil: Wilson, Thomas M.. University of Canterbury; Nueva Zelanda Fil: Stewart, Carol. Massey University Wellington; Nueva Zelanda Fil: Villarosa, Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Salgado, Pablo Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales; Argentina Fil: Beigt, Debora. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales; Argentina Fil: Outes, Ana Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales; Argentina Fil: Deligne, Natalia I.. GNS Science; Nueva Zelanda Fil: Leonard, Graham S.. GNS Science; Nueva Zelanda

The aim of this study is to characterize the site, location, and morphology of parking lots in downtown Bahía Blanca; to determinetheir contribution to environmental urban problems; and to suggest strategies to turn them into spaces in which to apply newurban principles. Strategies related to sustainable urban development, with comprehensive solutions for energy efficiency,sustainable construction, biomass conservation, and resource optimization were considered. The results show that parking lotshave increased as urban land use typology within the city downtown. It was observed that parking lots are concentrated in someareas of the city downtown, and that concrete and sheet metal are the main construction materials. The lack of vegetation is also amajor characteristic. Their location in urban areas implies vehicle circulation on downtown streets and avenues, which is directlyassociated to atmospheric pollution. Finally, each parking lot potential was analyzed in order to implement sustainabledevelopment measures, related to green policies, design, and construction. Fil: Gentili, Jorge Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Fernández, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Ortuño Cano, María de Los Ángeles. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Campo, Alicia María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina

The cabreves are notarial documents prepared between the 13th and 19th centuries in the Catalan and Valencian regions of Spain. These historical records were published before the first cadastral maps and contain geographical information that could help spatially reconstruct historical landscapes. However, these documents have not been used to their full potential mainly because of their semi-structured and complex nature. In this article, we propose a new graph-based interactive methodology for partially reconstructing historical landscapes. We have successfully applied this methodology for reconstructing the historical landscape of the Barony of Sella in the 18th century and the methodology has also helped us locate “El Poblet,” a previously unknown archeological site abandoned after the expulsion of the Moriscos in 1609. This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, project SIOSE-INNOVA (CSO2016-79420-R AEI/FEDER UE).

Os estudos de uso e ocupacao do solo sao parâmetros importantes para se trabalhar a gestao da exploracao agricola e florestal, como e o caso de Urucui, localizado na regiao sudoeste do Piaui, importante municipio em expansao no agronegocio brasileiro. Desta forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar atraves de mapeamento em SIG (Sistema de Informacoes Geograficas), a cobertura vegetal e uso do solo no municipio de Urucui – Piaui. Utilizou-se imagens via Satelite Landsat TM 8 referente a 2016 com o intuito de avaliar a atual configuracao da area. Realizou-se classificacao nao-supervisionada, divididas em cinco classes, e processadas pelo comando Maximum Likelihood Classification do software ArcGIS 10.3. Com base no mapeamento, constatou-se 260,7 km² da classe Vegetacao Riparia ou Floresta Densa, 1.807,13 km² de Cerrado Denso, 2.788,71 km² de Cerrado Tipico, 1.785,9 km² de Campo Cerrado ou Vegetacao Rala, 1.069,37 km² de Talhao Agricola e uma area correspondente a 704,67 km² de Solo Exposto. A partir dos resultados, constatou-se elevado uso e ocupacao do solo no municipio de Urucui (PI), doravante com areas potenciais para avanco, fazendo-se necessarias intervencoes dos orgaos ambientais responsaveis para promocao de politicas publicas para conservacao e preservacao, manejo e uso racional do solo. Palavra-chave: Sistema de Informacoes Geograficas (SIG), MATOPIBA, Desmatamento, Geoprocessamento. CHARACTERIZATION OF VEGETABLE COVERAGE AND USE OF SOIL IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF URUCUI, PIAUI, BRAZIL ABSTRACT Land use and occupation studies are important parameters for the management of agricultural and forestry operations, such as Urucui, located in the southwest region of Piaui, an important municipality in the Brazilian agribusiness. In this way, the objective of this work is to characterize, through GIS (Geographic Information System) mapping, the vegetation cover and land use in the municipality of Urucui - Piaui. Landsat TM 8 satellite images were used for 2016 in order to evaluate the current configuration of the area. An unsupervised classification was performed, divided into five classes, and processed by the Maximum Likelihood Classification command of the ArcGIS 10.3 software. Based on the mapping, we observed 260.7 km² of the class Riparia or Dense Forest, 1,807.13 km² of Cerrado Denso, 2,788.71 km² of Cerrado Typical, 1,785.9 km² of Cerrado Field or Rala Vegetation, 1,069.37 Km² of Agricultural Field and an area corresponding to 704.67 km² of Exposed Ground. From the results, high land use and occupation in the municipality of Urucui (PI) was verified, henceforth potential areas for advancement, making necessary interventions of the responsible environmental agencies for the promotion of public policies for the conservation and preservation, management and Rational use of the soil. Keywords : Geographic Information System (GIS), MATOPIBA, deforestation, geoprocessing. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.5935/2318-7670.v05n05a06

The Dry Chaco is mostly known as a forested ecosystem. However it includes natural grasslands, savannas, scrublands, and wetlands. With one of the highest global deforestation rates in the last two decades and only 12% of the area protected, the concern about land-use change in this ecoregion has raised exponentially; but conservation initiatives developed in last years almost exclusively targeted forests whereas natural grasslands and savannas remain as neglected ecosystem within scientific and governmental agendas. While currently the distribution of natural grassland and savanna area encompasses over 20,000 km2, historical records and spatial models indicate that natural grassland and savannas were more widespread in pre-European era. Two main reasons drove this reduction in natural grasslands and savannas: woody encroachment by fire suppression and overgrazing, and conversion to agriculture and implanted pastures. In this article, through a combination of analyzes and bibliographic revisions, we describe biotic and abiotic components of natural grassland and savannas of the Dry Chaco. We also present the current distribution and conservation status of these ecosystems, and describe the process of change and the ecological consequences for biogeochemical cycles and biologic interactions. To provide basis for management, we estimate current grazing stocking rates on natural grasslands and savannas of Argentine Dry Chaco and we propose an alternative approach to sustainably intensify the use of these ecosystems and improve cattle rancher livelihoods. Despite the existent knowledge about natural grasslands and savannas in the region, we believe that is necessary to motivate the scientific community and national institutions to increase efforts to reconcile the restoration and conservation of these particular rangelands. Fil: Fernández, Pedro. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina Fil: Baumann, Mathias. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Alemania Fil: Baldi, Germán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico, Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi"; Argentina Fil: Banegas, Natalia Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina Fil: Bravo, Sandra. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales. Instituto de Silvicultura y Manejo de Bosques; Argentina Fil: Gasparri, Nestor Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina Fil: Lucherini, Mauro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur; Argentina Fil: Marinaro Fuentes, María Sofía. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina Fil: Nanni, Ana Sofía. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina Fil: Nasca, Jose Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina Fil: Tessi, Torcuato. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Córdoba. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi; Argentina Fil: Grau, Hector Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional; Argentina

The behaviour of floods depends on two main factors: Manning’s roughness coefficient and the threshold runoff, P0. In both parameters, land cover plays a vital role in the characterisation of small streams, which traditionally are altered in the Mediterranean basin. However, in the absence of an assessment protocol that optimises the geographical information stored in the official repositories, studies in these areas tend to be subjective, depending on the personal criteria of the technicians in charge of the study. In this paper a new method is proposed for the determination of these parameters, based on the integration of the Spanish national system for the mapping of flood-prone areas (SNCZI), which was designed by the Spanish Geological and Mining Institute (IGME), and the spatial data of the Spanish land cover and use information system (SIOSE database), designed by the Spanish National Geographic Institute (IGN). The methodology generates roughness data based on objective criteria and on a threshold runoff map, which can be reviewed by the technician in charge of the study, but which is based on updated, regulated and open official data. The result is a thorough hydrological and hydraulic characterisation, which has been tested in a western Mediterranean area characterised by the complexity of land use: the foothills between Sierra Helada and Sierra de la Cortina in the Municipality of Benidorm, located in the province of Alicante, Spain. The authors are grateful to the SIOSE-INNOVA Project (CSO2016-79420-R AEI/FEDER UE) and Interuniversity Institute of Geography, University of Alicante.

A ocupação irregular dos espaços urbanos têm provocado prejuízos as cidades que integram a Região Metropolitana de Maceió - RMM, comprometendo os serviços públicos como abastecimento de água, esgotamento sanitário, transporte e demais serviços essenciais à garantia da qualidade de vida. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a vulnerabilidade físico-ambiental dos municípios que integram a RMM as chuvas intensas, especificamente aos problemas de deslizamento de terra e enchentes. Para tanto, adotou-se os elementos da análise sistêmica, integrando variáveis físico-ambientais e antropogênicos por meio das técnicas de geoprocessamento, sendo atribuído as classes temáticas valores para determinar os diferentes níveis de vulnerabilidade aos deslizamentos de terra e enchentes. A partir das análises, foi observado que a vulnerabilidade dos municípios que integram a RMM dependem da interveniência das chuvas e da conjugação de fatores naturais e antropogênicos. A combinação entre os cartogramas físico-ambiental e antropogênico permitiu identificar que 44,12% da área de estudo possuem entre média, alta e muito alta vulnerabilidade físico-ambiental ao deslizamento de terra e que 74,17% das áreas vulneráveis as enchentes possuem entre muito baixa e baixa vulnerabilidades.

Since the 1980´s Bahía Blanca has become a center for important agro-industrial and petrochemical companies. Toxic leaks or spills, fires and explosions are the main threats related to the industrial activities. Due to its closeness to populated areas, risk management is essential to develop integral actions to address disaster scenarios. In order to assess economic, social and technical vulnerability, variables from the most recent census data were selected through the REDATAM database. A multivariate analysis methodology based on the standardization of variables was applied. Thematic cartography was developed, which summarized situations of vulnerability for each spatial unit analyzed. Likewise, a qualitative approach was used to study the institutional vulnerability as a dimension of technological risk in the city of Bahía Blanca. Vulnerable areas surrounding industrial activities were identified. It is proposed the use of mass media to deliver information, the promotion of participatory workshops and the infographic and public streets signs realization in order to inform the population what to do in case of an industrial accident. In regard to public policies, specific areas were identified to concentrate these measures. Fil: Gentili, Jorge Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Fernández, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Campo, Alicia María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina

Objetivou-se analisar o uso da terra e a cobertura vegetal na bacia do Ribeirão das Abóboras, principal fonte de água da população urbana de Rio Verde (GO) e de outros usos, nos anos de 1985, 1995, 2005 e 2015 e entender o reflexo das leis ambientais criadas nas últimas 3 décadas na preservação da vegetação natural. No ano de 1985, a bacia hidrográfica apresentava predominância de pastagem (73,74%), seguida de Cerrado/mata (15,02%), agricultura (10,79%) e outros (0,45%); em 1995, apresentava pastagem como área mais extensa (58,14%), seguida de agricultura (26,18%), Cerrado/mata (15,23%) e outros (0,45%); em 2005, passou a apresentar maior área coberta por culturas agrícolas (44,96%), seguida de pastagem (38,96%), Cerrado/mata (12,51%), silvicultura (1,70%), área industrial (0,80%) e outros (1,06%); em 2015, continuou com predominância de área agrícola (62,08%), seguida de Cerrado/mata (19,59%), pastagem (12,12%), silvicultura (3,89%), área industrial (1,16%) e outros (1,17%). Ocorreram aumento de vegetação natural a partir da criação de leis e programas ambientais nas últimas 2 décadas. Foram observadas diversas inconformidades quanto à legislação ambiental vigente. Ações precisam ser implementadas no intuito de solucionar os impactos ambientais negativos nessa bacia hidrográfica importante para o abastecimento público de Rio Verde (GO) e outros usos múltiplos.

Forest fragmentation may negatively impact fauna and flora. An important tool for the development and implementation of research on these effects is the use of a geographic information system (GIS). This paper aims to perform an integrated analysis of the landscape fragments that compose the Alonzo River watershed, Paraná State, by using remote sensing tools and landscape ecology metrics. The analyzed landscape metrics were Patton’s index, total area of the patches, edge length, edge density, forest fragment density, and the core area of the patches. The results showed 888 forest patches with area values ranging from 0.15 ha to 2509.82 ha, and it represents 12.5% of the total forest land cover of the studied basin; this means that 85.3% of the forest patches are less than 50 ha and that 75% of those fragments have a Patton’s index value of less than 3.9. The fragments that compose the studied area may be subject to edge effects and biodiversity loss as long as they present reduced areas and small core areas. Thus, the use of GIS and landscape ecology metrics is a quick and efficient way to evaluate the effect of fragmentation over large areas.

This work aims to assess how Pleistocene glaciations modeled the landscape in the upper Senguer River basin and its relationship to current watershed features (drainage surface and fluvial hydrological regime). During the Pleistocene six glacial lobes developed in the upper basin of the Senguer River localized east of the Andean range in southern Argentinean Patagonia between 43° 36’ - 46° 27′ S. To describe the topography and hydrology, map the geomorphology, and propose an evolution of the study area during the Pleistocene we employed multitemporal Landsat images, national geological sheets and a mosaic of the digital elevation model (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) along with fieldwork. The main conclusion is that until the Middle Pleistocene, the drainage divide of the Senguer River basin was located to the west of its current limits and its rivers drained the meltwater of the glaciers during interglacial periods. However, processes of drainage inversion and drainage surface reduction occurred in the headwater of most rivers of the basin during the Late Pleistocene. Those processes were favored by a relative shorter glacial extension during LGM and the dam effect produced by the moraines of the Post GPG I and III glaciations. Thus, since the Late Pleistocene, the headwaters of several rivers in the basin have been reduced, and the moraines corresponding to the Middle Pleistocene glaciations currently divide the watersheds that drain towards the Senguer River from those that flow west towards the Pacific Ocean. Fil: Scordo, Facundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Seitz, Carina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geología; Argentina Fil: Melo, Walter Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Piccolo, Maria Cintia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Perillo, Gerardo Miguel E.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geología; Argentina

The area of Alfambra (NE Spain) is very representative of the relief evolution of the Eastern Iberian ranges. It contains the main geomorphological elements that illustrate this evolutionary process. The geomorphological cartography includes the northern sector of the Alfambra-Teruel Neogene depression and its mountainous surroundings. The cartographic process started by using aerial photographs (1:30000 scale) and fieldwork. Later, the document was projected to the UTM Zone 30 system with ETRS_1989 Datum introduced to ArcGIS 10.1. The legend follows a chronological order. The structural reliefs, erosion surfaces, karst landforms, Quaternary pediments and terraces, and fluvial network are represented over a lithological background. The main cartography is complemented with two maps of lithological and geomorphological units. The obtained information enabled the main geological and geomorphological stages of the regional relief to be established. Fil: Sánchez Fabre, Miguel. Universidad de Zaragoza. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; España Fil: Peña Monné, José Luis. Universidad de Zaragoza. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; España Fil: Sampietro Vattuone, Maria Marta. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Laboratorio de Geoarqueología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina

El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar la distribución espacial de la temperatura de superficie terrestre (TST), su relación con distintas coberturas del suelo urbano y el índice normalizado de vegetación (NDVI). El área de estudio seleccionada fue la ciudad costera de Monte Hermoso, localizada en el sudoeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Para llevarlo a cabo, se procesaron imágenes satelitales LANDSAT 5 TM y 7 ETM + para el período 2008-2012 de forma estacional. Con ellas, se calculó la TST y el NDVI. Posteriormente, se realizó un reconocimiento del terreno y se aplicaron técnicas de interpretación visual para diseñar un mapa de coberturas del suelo urbano. Sobre estas, se analizó la variación de la TST y el NDVI a través del trazado de cuatro transectos orientados en sentido latitudinal y longitudinal. Cada una de las coberturas identificadas presentaron un comportamiento particular de los parámetros calculados. Por otro lado, se observaron resultados significativos de la relación TST-NDVI (con α de 0,1 y 0,05), con valores de R2, índices de Pearson y Spearman mayores que 0,7. Las modificaciones en los valores estacionales de la TST evidenciaron un cambio en las coberturas del suelo, producto del crecimiento urbano. Los mismos fueron generados como consecuencia de la alteración de la cobertura vegetal. Por lo tanto, se concluyó que las variaciones espacio-temporales de la TST podrían indicar cambios en el uso del suelo propios de la expansión urbana. Por el análisis realizado, se considera que la información obtenida en este estudio será útil para orientar políticas de ordenamiento del territorio. The aim of this work was to study the spatial distribution of Land Surface Temperature (LST) and its relationship with diverse urban land covers and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The study area was Monte Hermoso city, which is located in the southwest of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. To obtain the LST and NDVI parameters, satellite images from LANDSAT 5 TM and LANDSAT 7 ETM+ sensors were seasonally processed for the period 2008-2012. Visual interpretation techniques and empirical intervention were applied to design an urban land cover map on which LST and NDVI were analyzed by tracing four transects oriented in latitudinal and longitudinal directions. Each urban cover presented a particular behavior of these parameters. Furthermore, significant results for the relationship between LST and NDVI were observed (with α 0.1 and 0.05) with R 2 , Pearson, and Spearman indices values higher than 0.7. Finally, LST variation in diverse land covers was observed as a consequence of urban growth and the alteration of the vegetation coverage. Therefore, it was concluded that the spatial and temporal variation of LST values may indicate modifications in urban land covers. The information obtained in this study would be a useful tool to guide future urban management studies and policies. L’objectiu d’aquesta investigació va ser estudiar la distribució espacial de la temperatura de superfície terrestre (TST), la seva relació amb diferents cobertures del sòl urbà i l’índex de vegetació de diferència (NDVI). L’àrea d’estudi seleccionada va ser la ciutat costanera de Monte Hermoso, localitzada al sud-oest de la província de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Per fer-ho, es van processar imatges satel·litàries LANDSAT 5 TM i 7 ETM + per al període 2008-2012 de manera estacional. Amb aquestes imatges es va calcular la TST i l’NDVI. Posteriorment, es van aplicar tècniques d’interpretació visual i es van fer sortides al camp per dissenyar un mapa de cobertures del sòl urbà. Sobre aquestes, es va analitzar la variació de la TST i l’NDVI mitjançant el traçat de quatre transsectes orientats en sentit latitudinal i longitudinal. Cadascuna d’aquestes cobertures va presentar un comportament particular dels paràmetres calculats. D’altra banda, es van observar resultats significatius de la relació TST-NDVI (amb α de 0,1 i 0,05), amb valors de R2, índexs de Pearson i Spearman més grans de 0,7. Finalment, es va evidenciar que el canvi en les cobertures del sòl, producte del creixement urbà, va modificar els valors estacionals de la TST. Aquests van ser generats com a conseqüència de l’alteració de la coberta vegetal. Per tant, es va concloure que les variacions espaciotemporals de la TST podrien indicar canvis en l’ús del sòl propis de l’expansió urbana. Per l’anàlisi realitzada, es considera que la informació obtinguda en aquest estudi serà útil per orientar polítiques d’ordenament del territori. Le but de ce travail était d’étudier la répartition spatiale de la Température de la Surface Terrestre (TST) et sa relation avec différentes couvertures de terrains urbains et l’indice de végétation normalisé (NDVI). La zone étudiée était la ville de Monte Hermoso, située au sud-ouest de la province de Buenos Aires (Argentine). Tout d’abord, des images satellite LANDSAT 5 TM et LANDSAT 7 ETM + capteurs ont été traitées de façon saisonnière sur la période de 2008 à 2012. Ensuite, ces données ont été utilisées pour le calcul des paramètres TST et NDVI. Par la suite, des techniques d’interprétation visuelle et d’intervention empirique ont été appliquées afin de concevoir une carte de couverture du sol urbain sur laquelle la LST et le NDVI ont été analysés en traçant quatre transects orientés dans des directions latitudinale et longitudinale. Chaque couverture urbaine a présenté une réponse particulière de ces paramètres. En outre, des résultats significatifs pour la relation entre LST et NDVI ont été observés (avec α 0,1 et 0,05) avec des valeurs de R2, indices de Pearson et Spearman supérieures à 0,7. Enfin, une modification de la TST de la couverture terrestre, due à la croissance urbaine, a été observée. Ces changements ont été générés à la suite d’une modification de la couverture végétale. Par conséquent, il a été conclu que la variation spatiale et temporelle des valeurs de LST pourrait indiquer des changements dans la couverture du sol urbain. Lors de cette étude, il a été considéré que l’information obtenue était utile pour orienter les politiques de gestion urbaine. Mots-clés: Température de la surface terrestre (TST); Indice de différence de végétation normalisée (NDVI); la répartition saisonnière; traitement d’images satellitaires; Monte Hermoso Fil: Ferrelli, Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Huamantinco Cisneros, María Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Delgado, Ana Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina Fil: Piccolo, Maria Cintia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Geografía y Turismo; Argentina

En este artículo se examina el proceso de turistificación del partido de Exaltación de la Cruz (Argentina), promovido por el gobierno municipal. El interés es analizar cómo los procesos locales y globales inciden en la configuración de modalidades turísticas, a partir de la selección y mercantilización de elementos “naturales” (rurales) e históricos-culturales. La investigación aquí expuesta se construyó a través del trabajo de campo realizado en el periodo 2011-2015 en la ciudad cabecera, Capilla del Señor. Allí se observó que los criterios establecidos en los procesos de patrimonialización fueron implementados para construir, en una primera etapa, un turismo “cultural” que permitió consolidar determinados discursos y representaciones de la ciudad. A su vez, se constata que la práctica turística utiliza pautas más flexibles, al adecuarse a las demandas del mercado turístico global, llevando a incluir, en una segunda etapa, elementos vinculados con la ruralidad del partido, los cuales eran desestimados anteriormente. Neste artigo, examina-se o desenvolvimento do turístico no partido de Exaltación de la Cruz (Argentina), promovido pelo governo municipal. Foca-se na análise de como os processos locais e globais incidem na configuração de modalidades turísticas, a partir da seleção e da mercantilização de elementos “naturais” (rurais) e histórico-culturais. Esta pesquisa foi construída por meio do trabalho de campo realizado entre 2011 e 2015, na cidade principal do distrito, Capilla del Señor. Assim, observou-se que os critérios estabelecidos nos processos de patrimonialização foram implantados para construir, numa primeira fase, um turismo “cultural” que permitiu consolidar determinados discursos e representações da cidade. Por sua vez, contata-se que a pratica turística dispõe de pautas mais flexíveis ao se adaptar às demandas do mercado turístico global, levando a incluir, em uma segunda etapa, elementos associados à ruralidade do distrito, antes desestimados. This article examines tourism development in the Exaltación de la Cruz district (Argentina) promoted by the local administration. We are interested in analyzing how local/global processes impact on the configuration of tourism modalities by selecting and commodifying “natural” (rural) and historic/cultural elements. We constructed the information presented in this article during fieldwork in the main city of the district, Capilla del Señor, from 2011 to 2015. We argue that criteria established in the cultural heritage process were implemented to create, initially, a “cultural” tourism, which consolidates certain discourses and representations of the city. In turn, tourism uses more flexible criteria, oriented by global market demands. Hence, rural elements, previously disparaged, are now activated by tourism. Fil: Perez Winter, Cecilia Verena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Geografía "Romualdo Ardissone"; Argentina

É fato a relevância da análise geossistêmica na pesquisa geográfica, considerando a necessidade do entendimento das relações entre a sociedade e a natureza. Nesse cenário, buscou-se compreender o desenvolvimento da pesquisa geográfica relacionada ao geossistema, entre 1971 e 2011, no Estado de São Paulo. Para isso, realizou-se análise teórico-metodológica das dissertações e teses defendidas na UNESP (Rio Claro e Presidente Prudente), UNICAMP e USP, a partir da adaptação da proposta teórico-metodológica de Gamboa (1987), da criação de banco de dados digital para a análise bibliométrica, do método histórico-documental, além de cálculos estatísticos e geoprocessamento. Por meio dos resultados foi possível sistematizar contribuições científicas que se encontravam dispersas na história, bem como auxiliar no entendimento das trajetórias e tendências das pesquisas de cunho geossistêmico e sua correlação e importância para o desenvolvimento dos estudos ambientais na ciência geográfica brasileira. L'analyse géosystémique est d'une grande importance dans la recherche géographique, compte tenu de la nécessité de comprendre les relations entre la société et la nature. Dans ce contexte, nous cherchons à comprendre le développement de la recherche géographique sur le géosystème dans l'État de São Paulo de 1971 à 2011. Pour ce faire, nous avons effectué des analyses théoriques et méthodologiques des thèses de master et de doctorat présentées à l’Université de l'État de São Paulo, (UNESP – dans les villes de Rio Claro et Presidente Prudente), à l’Université d'État de Campinas (UNICAMP) et à l’Université de São Paulo (USP). Les analyses ont été réalisées à partir d’une adaptation du cadre théorique et méthodologique proposé par Gamboa (1987) et d’une base de données numériques pour l'analyse bibliométrique, en plus d'autres méthodes historiques documentaires, aussi bien que les calculs statistiques et le géotraitement. Ainsi, la présente étude vise à systématiser les contributions scientifiques qui ont été dispersées au cours du temps, et aider à la compréhension des tendances et des trajectoires de la recherche géosystémique et sa corrélation et importance pour le développement des études environnementales dans la science géographique brésilienne. Geosystems analysis is of great importance in geographical research, considering the necessity of understanding the relationships between society and nature. In this scenario, we sought to understand the development of geographical research on geosystems in the state of São Paulo, Brazil in the period between 1971 and 2011. In view of that, we carried out theoretical and methodological analyses of master’s theses and doctoral dissertations submitted to UNESP – São Paulo State University (in two cities: Rio Claro and Presidente Prudente), UNICAMP – State University of Campinas, and USP – University of São Paulo, adapting Gamboa’s (1987). We used theoretical and methodological framework, digital database creation for bibliometric analysis, in addition to other historical-documental and statistical calculations and geoprocessing. The present research aims to systematize scientific contributions dispersed in time, assisting in the understanding of trends and trajectories of geosystems research and its correlation with and importance to the development of environmental studies in the Brazilian geographical science.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:38:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 The objective of this article is to investigate the space-time dynamics of vegetation cover and land use and the Environmental State of the landscape regions of the southwestern portion of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso.The vegetation cover and land use maps were generated from the Landsat 5 satellite images from 1984, and Landsat 8 from 2013 in the SPRING software. Map quantifications and layouts were elaborated withArcGis. The regionalization and analysis of the environmental state of the landscape were made through a regional geoecological matrix. From the results obtained, it was verified that the anthropic uses in the period of study were expanded by 134.08% while the vegetal coverings were reduced by 21.66% and the water bodies by 39%. Pasture is the predominant land use in the region, 24.09% (31,335.86 km2), mainly occupying the flat and smooth wavy terrain. Forest cover totaled 66.36% (84,967.12 km2), being found mainly in forest fragments, in which the larger territorial dimensions are either protected by environmental legislation or located in indigenous lands. Eight landscape regions were delimited in the southwest portion of Mato Grosso, including the Paraguay River Depression, which presents the landscape with the highest percentage of anthropic uses, predominantly the Degraded Environmental State. It was concluded that there is a need to adopt land use practices that minimize the environmental degradation of landscape regions, considering that during the period under investigation, the expansion of anthropic uses, mainly Livestock, directly influenced the suppression of vegetation cover. University of the State of Mato Grosso(UNEMAT) São Paulo State University (UNESP) Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation National Center for Technological Research in Agricultural Informatics (EMBRAPA) Federal Universityof Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Fluminense Federal University (UFF) São Paulo State University (UNESP)

El presente trabajo pretende demostrar que no es recomendable la introducción de un cultivo tropical como el mango (Mangifera indica) dentro del área mediterránea del valle del Guadalhorce (Málaga, España). Es un cultivo en expansión por su rentabilidad económica, pero es necesario atender a los posibles riesgos climáticos para su explotación (tras la gran inversión que requiere). Para justificar esta afirmación se presenta un estudio agroclimático realizado en las parcelas experimentales de la finca de IFAPA (Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera de Andalucía) de Churriana (Málaga). Los resultados se obtienen a través de los datos de una estación meteorológica y una modelización territorial a partir de herramientas de análisis espacial con SIG. Se tienen en cuenta las variables térmicas y los vientos como condicionantes principales de la aparición de la necrosis apical: patología mortal para el mango. This work tries to demonstrate that is not recommendable to bring a tropical crop like the mango (Mangifera indica) in a Mediterranean area as Guadalhorce valley (Málaga, Spain). This crop is getting an expansion because of its high economic profitability, but it is necessary to pay attention in possible climatic risks before its exploitation (because it needs high capital investment). Justifying it, we present an agroclimatic study carried out in experimental plots of IFAPA (Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera de Andalucía) at Churriana (Málaga, Spain), obtaining results by means of a meteorological workstation data and a territorial model using spatial analyst tools with GIS. Thermic variables and winds have been considered as determining factors for appearance of apical necrosis: deadly disease for the mango.

Natural disasters associated with land mass movements in Brazil have become more frequent in recent years, with significant human loss and material damage. An alternative to reduce such natural disasters will occur when landslides-susceptible areas are mapped, with restrictions or conditions for the occupation of areas with natural fragility to landslide occurrences. Current analysis determines the slopes´ potential degree for the occurrence of landslide susceptibility in the Caeté catchment, municipality of Alfredo Wagner, in the highlands of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The Shallow Stability model (SHALSTAB) identified the slopes´ instability index by hydrological factors, hillside stability and soil. Results revealed areas with high degree of hillside instability and the need for preventive and relieving actions. In fact, areas with very high potential fragility susceptible to the occurrence of mass movement in the Caeté catchment are more than 30% of the basin´s total area.