45 results on '"hipercalcemia"'
Search Results
2. Hiperparatiroidismo primario; un caso para el internista.
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García Frade Ruiz, Luis Fernando, Chía Vázquez, Nadia Giovanna, Severo Hernández, Víctor, Monraz Pérez, Sergio, Soto Nieto, Gabriel, Ayala, Omar Coronel, and López Ortiz, Armando
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia and is most frequently identified in early postmenopausal women with hypercalcemia and abnormal parathyroid hormone concentrations. CLINICAL CASE: A 62-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency room in a state of septic shock secondary to pyelonephritis due to extensive renal calcifications, antimicrobial and amine treatment was started, parathyroid hormone was requested, which was very high, and left nephrectomy was performed after exclusion by scintigraphy, with improvement but persistence of leukocytosis, procedures were performed for the study and treatment of pleural effusions, and a diagnosis of overlap syndrome was integrated with right ureterolithotripsy and later, parathyroidectomy. CONCLUSIONS: There are no established treatment guidelines for overlap syndrome. High-risk patients suitable for intensive treatment should be considered for allogeneic transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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3. La Hipercalcemia asociada a hiperparatiroidismo primario: enfoque y manejo a partir de un caso clínico
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Rodolfo Torres, Carlos Rosselli, Maricely Reina, Carlos Madariaga, David Hamon-Rugeles, Edwin Núñez, and Paula Nieto-Zambrano
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calcio ,adenoma paratiroideo ,hipercalcemia ,hiperparatiroidismo primario ,paratiroides ,enfermedades paratiroideas ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Introducción: el calcio es el electrolito más abundante del cuerpo humano y la hipercalcemia es el trastorno común causado normalmente por el hiperparatiroidismo primario o malignidad, su manejo depende de la presentación y causa subyacente. Además, una proporción de casos se presentan como una emergencia, lo que conlleva a una mortalidad significativa. Objetivo: mostrar un caso inusual de presentación clínica de hipercalcemia asociada a hiperparatiroidismo primario y, asimismo, dar una breve revisión acerca del enfoque y el manejo de esta patología. Presentación del caso: paciente femenina de 32 años, antecedente de adenoma paratiroideo no resecado y pancreatitis, asiste por tres días de dolor abdominal de tipo cólico y de moderada intensidad, acompañado de episodios eméticos de contenido alimentario, paraclínicos iniciales con hipercalcemia severa, electrocardiograma con bloqueo auriculoventricular grado I, gases arteriales con alcalosis respiratoria aguda e hiperlactatemia. También se le practicó un TAC de abdomen donde este apareció con tumores pardos. Se ingreso? a la UCI para la administración de líquidos endovenosos, diuréticos de asa y cinacalcet, pero no presentó mejoría, por lo que se indicó terapia de hemodiálisis. Discusión y conclusión: la hipercalcemia es un hallazgo frecuente. El hiperparatiroidismo primario y la neoplasia maligna son las dos causas más frecuentes de aumento de los niveles de calcio sérico y, en conjunto, representan alrededor del 90?% de todos los casos, donde los valores en suero varían entre el calcio total (8,5 y 10,5 mg/dl) y el iónico (1,16-1,31). La concentración sérica de Ca 2+ esta? estrechamente relacionada por las acciones de la hormona paratiroidea y el calcitriol, donde el hiperparatiroidismo primario ocurre como resultado de adenomas, hiperplasias y carcinoma. Las manifestaciones clínicas y la severidad van a estar correlacionadas con el tiempo de duración de la enfermedad, los niveles de calcio y de PTH. Dentro del tratamiento, este será guiado por su causa, sin embargo, es posible clasificarlo en tratamiento urgente y no urgente. Además, el enfoque de la hipercalcemia aguda severa es un reto diagnóstico dadas las múltiples causas que pueden llevar a este trastorno hidroelectrolítico y la rápida instauración de tratamiento que se requiere cuando es detectada.
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- 2023
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4. Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia as a differential diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism with negative images.
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Wandurraga-Sánchez, Edwin Antonio, Buitrago-Gómez, Mario Alejandro, Uribe-Forero, María Camila, Díaz-Posada, Néstor Andrés, and Amaya-Muñoz, María Camila
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HYPERCALCEMIA , *HYPERPARATHYROIDISM , *CALCIUM metabolism disorders , *PARATHYROID gland tumors , *PHOTOGRAPHIC negatives , *PARATHYROID hormone , *NECK injuries , *ADENOMA - Abstract
Introduction. Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia is a rare inherited calcium metabolism disorder in which an alteration of the parathyroid hormone secretion set-point causes hypercalcemia with relative hypocalciuria. Some data suggest that its prevalence is around 74.1 per 100,000 inhabitants. Often, patients are asymptomatic. However, they can develop mild symptoms and an overactive parathyroid adenoma, its main differential diagnosis. The objective was to describe a patient's case and highlight the importance of clinical suspicion and diagnosis to avoid unnecessary surgical neck explorations for parathyroid adenomas. Case report. This is the case of a 40-year-old man with a biochemical profile compatible with primary hyperparathyroidism with anatomical and functional images negative for adenoma and a calcium/creatinine clearance ratio below 0.001, considering familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia. Genetic studies evidence a mutation in the calcium sensor receptor gene and confirm the diagnosis. Discussion. Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia's main differential diagnosis is an overactive parathyroid adenoma. For both, mild or no symptoms may be present; serum calcium exceeds the upper limit, and parathormone is more than 25pg/ml. The calcium/creatinine clearance ratio should be used to differentiate one from the other and avoid unnecessary surgical neck explorations. Besides the lack of information on this topic, evidence supports the use of calcimimetics to treat symptomatic hypercalcemia. Conclusions. Patients with mild hypercalcemia with parathyroid hormone readings above 25pg/ml and a calcium/creatinine clearance ratio below 0.001, or patients with primary hyperparathyroidism with negative imaging, should not undergo surgical neck explorations. In these cases, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia is a reliable diagnosis; Cinacalcet may be administered in cases of symptomatic hypercalcemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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5. Biochemistry in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Cross-Sectional Study.
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CÁZARES ROBLES, TANIA K., FERNÁNDEZ-POSADA DE LA MORA, ROCÍO, GÓMEZ-MARTÍNEZ, MANUEL A., RODRÍGUEZ-GÓMEZ, ADRIANA, and ROJAS-JIMÉNEZ, ERNESTO A.
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BIOCHEMISTRY ,SYNDROMES ,CROSS-sectional method ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,HYPERPARATHYROIDISM ,PARATHYROID hormone ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MEDICAL records ,PROPRIETARY hospitals ,CALCIUM ,DATA analysis software ,SYMPTOMS - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Endocrinología, Metabolismo y Nutrición is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2021
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6. Hiperparatiroidismo primario debido a una glándula paratiroidea gigante.
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Moreno-Galeana, Salvador and Guerrero-Espinosa, Daniel
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BACKGROUND: Primary hyperparathyroidism is diagnosed by hypercalcemia and elevated parathyroid hormone levels. The cause of this is mainly by a parathyroid adenoma in 80% of cases. The differential diagnosis includes familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Many cases are asymptomatic while others have bone, kidney, cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric and gastrointestinal disease. CLINICAL CASE: A 55-year-old female patient who began her condition approximately 20 years ago with the presence of recurrent urinary tract infections. She was diagnosed with bilateral renoureteral lithiasis that merited extracorporeal ureterolithotripsy with placement of a bilateral JJ catheter in 2018, with no other associated symptoms, hypercalcemia due to primary hyperparathyroidism was suspected. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism is established with blood and urinary biochemical tests. Imaging studies help mainly to assess bone and kidney complications and surgical planning. Preoperative biopsy is not recommended. The only curative treatment is parathyroidectomy. Surgical advances provide minimally invasive approaches. Medical treatment is not curative, but it is an alternative to surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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7. Pancreatitis severa como manifestación inicial de adenoma parairoideo en pediatría.
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GARRIDO-MAGAÑA, EULALIA P., MADRIGAL-GONZÁLEZ, MÓNICA M., RIVERA-HERNÁNDEZ, ALEIDA DE J., MARTÍNEZLÓPEZ, ISIS P., RETA-GUERRERO, SARAHÍ, MEJÍA CARMONA, LUZ E., and PÉREZ HERNÁNDEZ, MARIA GUADALUPE
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CHRONIC diseases ,HYPERPLASIA ,HYPERPARATHYROIDISM ,PARATHYROID gland tumors ,PANCREATITIS ,PARATHYROID glands ,RARE diseases ,DISEASE complications ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Endocrinología, Metabolismo y Nutrición is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2021
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8. HIPERPARATIROIDISMO PRIMARIO POR CARCINOMA PARATIROIDEO. CASO PROBLEMA Y REVISIÓN.
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Belingeri, Soledad, Lopardi, Mónica, Renoulin, Marta, Amer, Adrián, Tachdjian, Gabriela, and Cazado, Enrique
- Abstract
Copyright of Actualizaciones en Osteología is the property of Asociacion Argentina de Osteologia y Metabolismo Mineral and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
9. Hiperparatiroidismo primario: conceptos para el cirujano general
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Gabriel Sánchez De Guzmán and Aníbal Ariza Gutiérrez Ariza Gutiérrez
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glándulas paratiroides ,hiperparatiroidismo primario ,hormona paratiroidea ,neoplasias de las paratiroides ,adenoma ,hipercalcemia ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Durante las últimas décadas, la incidencia del hiperparatiroidismo primario ha venido en aumento, muy probablemente relacionado con la mayor accesibilidad a los estudios diagnósticos; sin embargo, la forma más común de presentación clínica del hiperparatiroidismo primario es asintomática, en más del 80% de los pacientes. En la actualidad, es menos frecuente el diagnóstico por las complicaciones renales (urolitiasis) u óseas (osteítis fibrosa quística) asociadas. Un tumor benigno de la glándula paratiroides (adenoma único), es la principal causa de esta enfermedad. Por tanto, su tratamiento usualmente es quirúrgico. A pesar de ello, no es frecuente el manejo de esta patología por el cirujano general. En este artículo se revisan conceptos claves para el diagnóstico y manejo de esta enfermedad para el médico residente y especialista en Cirugía general.
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- 2021
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10. Escisión transcervical de un adenoma paratiroideo mediastínico gigante.
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Barrientos López, Isaías Adrián and Castillo Ventura, Bertha Beatriz
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Primary hyperparathyroidism (HPTP) is the third most common neuroendocrine disorder, its main cause is parathyroid adenoma. Within the classification, those adenomas that weigh more than 3.5 g are classified as giant parathyroid adenomas (APG), and are associated with a worse evolution and malignancy. The purpose of this article is to present our diagnostic and therapeutic approach of a patient with HPTP associated with a mediastinal APG. A search in the international literature of the last 10 years revealed that only 8 other centers have reported the extraction of an APG of similar dimensions to ours and in a similar location. Case presentation: A 66-year-old woman with a history of multinodular goiter, thyroid profile and parathormone (PTH) measurement were requested, with a report of 350.60 pg/mL. A thyroid/parathyroid scintigraphy was performed with 99mTc sestaMIBI which reported persistence of a focal area of the concentration located in the topography of the lower pole of the right thyroid lobe. This study was complemented with SPECT-CT, which reported an image of hyperfunctioning right inferior parathyroid compatible with adenoma and the patient was diagnosed with PTH. Finally, resection was performed, obtaining a tumor measuring 7.0 × 4.5 × 2.0 cm, with a weight of 24.5 g. Conclusions: Our case highlights the use of imaging studies to facilitate localization and achieve diagnosis together with clinical presentation and biochemical profile. Selective treatment was achieved safely through a minimally invasive transcervical technique, combined with the measurement of PTH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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11. Hiperparatiroidismo primario.
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Daniel Rappoport W., María Gabriela Caballero Q., Natalia Cortés B., Patricio Cabané T., Patricio Gac E., and Francisco Rodríguez M.
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Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) is defined as an endocrine disorder characterized by hypercalcemia and elevated or inadequately normal parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels resulting from the excessive secretion of PTH from one or more parathyroid glands. The cause of this disorder is due, in 85%, to a single parathyroid adenoma and most cases (95%) are sporadic, without an identifiable etiologic factor. PHP is asymptomatic in most patients, however, classic symptoms or signs include those derived from renal involvement, where nephrolithiasis is the most frequent clinical manifestation, and those derived from bone affectation and hypercalcemia. The diagnosis is biochemical, without the need for an imaging study, which is performed only as pre-surgical locator tests. The definitive treatment is surgical, being the parathyroidectomy with cervical approach the procedure of choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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12. TUMOR PARDO DEL PALADAR, PRESENTACIÓN ATÍPICA DE HIPERPARATIROIDISMO PRIMARIO EN ADOLESCENTE. BUENA EVOLUCIÓN Y NORMALIZACIÓN DE LA MASA ÓSEA TRAS PARATIROIDECTOMÍA.
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Tau, Cristina, Vaca, Emilia, Damiano, Gabriel, Soto, Florencia, Arakaki, Francisco, and Rosso, Diego
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Copyright of Actualizaciones en Osteología is the property of Asociacion Argentina de Osteologia y Metabolismo Mineral and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
13. Pancreatitis aguda, secundaria a hiperparatiroidismo primario.
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Reyes-Cerecedo, Alicia, Tapia-Brito, Liliana Sayuri, and González-Ortiz, Beatriz
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Introduction: There are few reported cases of acute pancreatitis secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism in children. Clinical case: Nine-year-old male patient with significant obesity. His current condition of four days of evolution, with abdominal pain in the epigastrium that progressively increased in intensity. Upon admission, the patient was seriously ill. Pancreatitis was confirmed by laboratory results (lipase 1.805 U/L, amylase 784 U/L) and abdominal tomography (cyst and necrosis of the pancreas). Serum calcium was persistently elevated. Primary hyperparathyroidism was diagnosed by elevated levels of parathyroid hormone (314.4 pg/dL) and parathyroid adenoma identified in ultrasound. Conclusions: Primary hyperparathyroidism should be one of the possible causes of pancreatitis in children, particularly when hypercalcemia is detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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14. Hiperparatireoidismo primário na gravidez tratado com bisfosfonatos
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Patrícia Tavares, Gustavo Rocha, Catarina Machado, and Maria João Oliveira
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hipercalcemia ,embarazo ,bisfosfonatos ,pamidronato ,hiperparatiroidismo primario ,Medicine ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 - Abstract
Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy is rare. Increased risk of fetal death, miscarriage, preterm delivery, preeclampsia and hypocalcemia of the neonate are potential complications. Cure is obtained with parathyroidectomy in the 2nd trimester but correction of hypercalcemia is essential. Case presentation: We present a case of a 31-year-old woman with a history of renal lithiasis, high PTH (171.4 pg/mL), hypercalcemia (11.3 mg/dL), and hypophosphatemia (1.9 mg/dL), with no parathyroid localization in the cervical ultrasound. Bone densitometry and scintigraphy were requested but the patient did not perform those exams because of unexpected pregnancy. Despite strict hydration and forced diuresis, the hypercalcemia got worse and the patient became more symptomatic. Exploratory surgery was refused and therefore, medical management was explored. The patient was treated with pamidronate, with consequent normalization of serum calcium and improvement of symptoms. A female child was born at 37 weeks of gestation without complications. The parathyroid scintigraphy with Tc99m-sestambi performed after delivery showed a focus of increased tracer uptake inferiorly to the left lobe of the thyroid gland. The patient was submitted to a radioguided parathyroidectomy. The pathological anatomy examination revealed a parathyroid adenoma. Conclusions: The pregnancy raised difficulties in locating the anomalous parathyroid(s). After the surgical option was eliminated, the difficulty was to choose the most balanced medical treatment to control the maternal calcium levels without fetal harm. The use of loop diuretics and bisphosphonates had been shown to be effective in controlling hypercalcemia until the end of pregnancy.
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- 2019
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15. Crisis hipercalcémica aguda en hiperparatiroidismo primario. Revisión Bibliográfica a propósito de 5 casos clínicos
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Santamaría Boado, Martín and Villalba Ferrer, Francisco Leo
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3205.02 Endocrinología ,Hiperparatiroidismo primario ,Adenoma Paratiroideo ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,Hypercalcemia ,Hipercalcemia ,Parathyroid Adenoma - Abstract
Introducción: La crisis hipercalcemia es un emergencia endocrina caracterizada por una calcemia superior a 14 mg/dl causada, en la mayoría de los casos, por un HPTP subyacente. El acúmulo de calcio puede dar lugar un fallo multisistémico afectando a aquellos órganos más sensibles. Debido a la severidad y a la inespecificidad clínica con la que se presenta, es necesario un alto índice de sospecha para establecer un tratamiento sin demora. El tratamiento curativo es la paratiroidectomía con medición intraoperatoria de la PTH, una vez estabilizado el paciente mediante medidas farmacológicas intensivas. Objetivos: Presentar 5 casos clínicos de pacientes afectos de una crisis hipercalcémica por HPTP junto a una revisión bibliográfica, evaluando las características clínico-patológicas, así como los aspectos más controvertidos. Material y métodos: Se presentan 5 casos clínicos obtenidos del Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, junto a una revisión bibliográfica de estudios publicados en la base de datos PubMed, siguiendo una estrategia de búsqueda y valorando los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Casos Clínicos: Son 5 casos formados por cuatro mujeres y un hombre, con criterios de crisis hipercalcémica secundaria a HPTP. Tres pacientes respondieron al tratamiento médico y se solucionaron finalmente con paratiroidectomía diferida curativa. Dos pacientes no pudieron estabilizarse con tratamiento médico (fluidoterapia, furosemida, bisfosfonatos, calcitonina, cinacalcet, hemodiálisis) y precisaron cirugía urgente durante el ingreso. Un paciente falleció al complicarse con un síndrome de distres respiratorio del adulto, tromboembolismo pulmonar, ictus isquémico cortico-subcortical y hemorragia en hemisferio cerebeloso izquierdo. Conclusiones: La crisis hipercalcémica por hiperparatiroidismo primario es una emergencia endocrina potencialmente mortal que exige un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz. La hipomagnesemia podría predecir la gravedad de un HPTP. Cuando no es posible estabilizar al paciente mediante tratamiento médico (fluidoterapia, bifosfonatos, calcitonina, cinacalcet, hemodiálisis y denosumab) puede ser necesaria la paratiroidectomía urgente. Tras el diagnóstico de localización (ecografía, gammagrafía con Sestamibi, SPECT/TAC, TAC 4D o RM) se realiza la paratiroidectomía con determinación intraoperatoria de PTH. El SDRA es una complicación muy rara de una crisis hipercalcémica. Introduction: Hypercalcemia crisis is an endocrine emergency characterized by a calcemia higher than 14 mg/dl caused, in most cases, by an underlying HPTP. Calcium accumulation can lead to multisystem failure affecting the most sensitive organs. Because of the severity and unspecified clinic with which it presents, a high index of suspicion is necessary to establish treatment without delay. The curative treatment is parathyroidectomy with intraoperative PTH measurement, once the patient is stabilized by intensive pharmacological measures. Objectives: To present 5 clinical cases of patients affected by a hypercalcemic crisis due to PTH, together with a bibliographic review, evaluating the clinicopathological characteristics, as well as the most controversial aspects. Material and methods: We present 5 clinical cases obtained from the Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, together with a bibliographic review of studies published in the PubMed database, following a search strategy and evaluating the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical Cases: There are 5 cases consisting of four women and one man, with criteria of hypercalcemic crisis secondary to PTH. Three patients responded to medical treatment and finally resolved with curative delayed parathyroidectomy. Two patients could not be stabilized with medical treatment (fluid therapy, furosemide, bisphosphonates, calcitonin, cinacalcet, hemodialysis) and required urgent surgery during admission. One patient died due to complications of adult respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary thromboembolism, corticosubcortical ischemic stroke and hemorrhage in the left cerebellar hemisphere. Conclusions: Hypercalcemic crisis due to primary hyperparathyroidism is a lifethreatening endocrine emergency that requires early diagnosis and treatment. Hypomagnesemia could predict the severity of HPTP. When it is not possible to stabilize the patient by medical treatment (fluid therapy, bisphosphonates, calcitonin, cinacalcet, hemodialysis and denosumab) urgent parathyroidectomy may be necessary. After localization diagnosis (ultrasound, Sestamibi scintigraphy, SPECT/CT, 4D CT or MRI), parathyroidectomy is performed with intraoperative PTH determination. ARDS is a very rare complication of a hypercalcemic crisis. Medicina
- Published
- 2022
16. Acute pancreatitis associated with hypercalcemia: A report of two cases Pancreatitis aguda asociada a hipercalcemia: Presentación de dos casos
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J. Egea Valenzuela, E. Belchí Segura, A. Sánchez Torres, and F. Carballo Álvarez
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Pancreatitis aguda ,Hipercalcemia ,Hiperparatiroidismo primario ,Acute pancreatitis ,Hypercalcemia ,Hyperparathyroidism ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Hypercalcemia due to hyperparathyroidism is a rare etiology for acute pancreatitis, oscillating between 1.5 and 7% in the different series. Although the cause-effect relationship and the pathophysiology of the condition are not clear, it seems that the association among them is not incidental, and serum calcium could be a major risk factor, so that pancreatitis would come to occur during severe hypercalcemia attacks. Mutations in different genes have been proposed as well to justify why only some patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia develop acute pancreatitis. References to cases like these ones are rare in the literature. We report two patients with acute pancreatitis associated with hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia, one of them with a fatal outcome.La hipercalcemia secundaria a hiperparatiroidismo es una causa rara de pancreatitis aguda, variando entre el 1,5-7% según las series consultadas. Aunque la relación causal y la fisiopatología del proceso no están totalmente aclaradas, parece claro que la asociación no es incidental y que los niveles de calcio sérico serían un factor de riesgo mayor, desencadenándose los cuadros de pancreatitis durante las crisis de hipercalcemia. También se han descrito alteraciones en diversos genes que podrían estar implicados, justificando por qué sólo unos pocos pacientes con hiperparatiroidismo primario e hipercalcemia sufren pancreatitis aguda. Existen muy pocas referencias en la literatura a casos como los que nos ocupan. Presentamos a continuación dos pacientes con cuadros de pancreatitis aguda asociados a hiperparatiroidismo e hipercalcemia, uno de ellos con desenlace fatal.
- Published
- 2009
17. Parkinsonismo como síntoma principal de hiperparatiroidismo: recuperación tras cirugía.
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Luján-Martínez, Delia, Sánchez-Cifuentes, Ángela, Peña-Ros, Emilio, Albarracín-Marín-Blázquez, Antonio, and Fe Candel-Arenas, Mari
- Abstract
Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
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18. Pancreatitis aguda asociada con hipercalcemia.
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Tun-Abraham, Mauro Enrique, Obregón-Guerrero, Gabriela, Romero-Espinoza, Larry, and Valencia-Jiménez, Javier
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PANCREATITIS ,HYPERPARATHYROIDISM ,PARATHYROID hormone ,PARATHYROIDECTOMY ,ETIOLOGY of diseases ,DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
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19. CARCINOMA DE PARATIROIDES. DESCRIPCIÓN DE UN CASO CLÍNICO.
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Brance, María Lorena, Boscaffior, Adriana, Rodríguez, Marina Laura, and Miljevic, Julio
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Copyright of Actualizaciones en Osteología is the property of Asociacion Argentina de Osteologia y Metabolismo Mineral and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
20. Diagnóstico del hiperparatiroidismo primario
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Manuel DELGADO-GÓMEZ, Sonsoles DE LA HOZ-GUERRA, María GARCIA-DUQUE, María VEGA-BLANCO, and Irune BLANCO-URBANEJA
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endocrine system diseases ,vitamin D ,lcsh:Otorhinolaryngology ,lcsh:RF1-547 ,hiperparatiroidismo primario ,hormona paratiroidea ,parathyroid hormone ,vitamina d ,vitamina D ,primary hyperparathyroidism ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,pth ,hipercalcemia ,PTH ,hipercalciuria ,hypercalciuria - Abstract
RESUMEN Introducción y objetivos: Describir la etiopatogenia y el diagnóstico diferencial entre el hiperparatiroidismo primario y otras causas de hipercalcemia. Material y métodos: Revisión narrativa. Resultados: El hiperparatiroidismo primario (HPP) es una enfermedad endocrina frecuente, que se define de forma convencional como la existencia de hipercalcemia en presencia de niveles elevados de hormona paratiroidea (PTH). Conclusiones: Aunque la forma más común de presentación en la actualidad sea como hipercalcemia asintomática, la elevada morbilidad asociada con esta patología requiere que se realice un diagnóstico precoz y preciso, tanto de la etiología como de sus complicaciones, para poder llevar a cabo un manejo adecuado de los pacientes afectados. ABSTRACT Introduction: To describe the etiopathogenesis and differential diagnosis between primary hyperparathyroidism and other causes of hypercalcemia. Material and methods: Narrative review. Results: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disease, which is conventionally defined as the existence of hypercalcemia in the presence of elevated levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Conclusions: Although the most common form of presentation nowadays is as asymptomatic hypercalcemia, the high morbidity associated with this pathology requires that an early and precise diagnosis be made, both of the etiology and its complications, in order to carry out an adequate management of the affected patients.
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- 2020
21. Preeclampsia as an Inaugural Manifestation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Case Report
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Leite, Sara Dias, Ormonde, Carolina Câmara, Ormonde, Mariana Câmara, Raposo, Joana Teresa Botelho Vasconcelos, Sampaio, Joana Isabel Nunes, and Melo, Bruna Carina da Silva
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preeclampsia ,pré-eclâmpsia ,hypercalcemia ,hiperparatiroidismo primário ,adenomas paratiróideos ,primary hyperparathyroidism ,parathyroid adenomas ,hipercalcemia - Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism is an endocrine disorder characterized by hypercalcemia and elevated or inappropriately normal levels of parathyroid hormone. The diagnosis is based on a biochemical evaluation, and a neck ultrasound is the first choice during pregnancy to access the parathyroid glands. Manifestations during pregnancy are rare and can be present with life-threatening complications, so the diagnosis is challenging. The conservative treatment is limited, and there is not enough data about its safety and efficacy during pregnancy. Surgery is the only curative treatment, and a parathyroidectomy performed during the second or third trimesters is considered safe. Recently, some authors suggested an association between primary hyperparathyroidism and preeclampsia. We describe a case of preeclampsia with severe features at 27 weeks of gestational age. The severity of the preeclampsiamotivated an early termination of the pregnancy by cesarean section. During the postpartum period, the patient presented life-threatening complications, such as severe hypercalcemia and acute pancreatitis. An ultrasound exam found two parathyroid nodules, suggestive of parathyroid adenomas. The patient recovered after the pharmacological correction of the calcemia levels. Resumo O hiperparatiroidismo primário é umdistúrbio endócrino caraterizado pela elevação do cálcio sérico associada a níveis de paratormona elevados ou inapropriadamente normais. O diagnóstico é baseado em análises bioquímicas, e, na gravidez, o exame de imagem de primeira linha é a ecografia cervical. É uma doença rara na gravidez, e pode se apresentar com complicações ameaçadoras de vida, pelo que o seu diagnóstico é desafiante. O tratamento médico disponível é limitado, havendo poucos dados relativos à sua eficácia e segurança na gravidez. A cirurgia é o único tratamento curativo, e pode ser realizada no segundo ou terceiro trimestres. Tem sido descrita uma relação entre hiperparatiroidismo primário e pré-eclâmpsia. Apresenta-se um caso de uma grávida de 27 semanas com pré-eclâmpsia com critérios de gravidade, o que obrigou ao término da gravidez por cesariana. Verificou-se agravamento clínico no período pós-parto, com aparecimento de complicações graves, tais como hipercalcemia grave e pancreatite aguda. Ecograficamente, constataram-se duas massas paratiróideias sugestivas de adenomas da paratiroide. A doente recebeu tratamento médico, e teve melhora apenas após a correção dos níveis de cálcio sérico.
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- 2020
22. Hyperparathiroidism: Primary or Secondary Disease?
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Martínez Cordellat, Isabel
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HYPERPARATHYROIDISM , *PARATHYROID hormone , *HYPERCALCEMIA , *BLOOD serum analysis , *KIDNEY stones , *KIDNEY calcification , *OSTEOPOROSIS - Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterized by the autonomous production of parathyroid hormone (PTH), in which there is hypercalcemia or normal-high serum calcium levels in the presence of elevated or inappropriately normal serum PTH concentrations. Exceptionally in symptomatic patients, a diagnosis can be established on the basis of clinical data. PHPT must always be evaluated in patients with clinical histories of nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, osseous pain, subperiosteal resorption, and pathologic fractures, as well as in those with osteoporosis-osteopenia, a personal history of neck irradiation, or a family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome (types 1 or 2). Diagnosis of PHPT is biochemical. Asymptomatic hypercalcemia without guiding signs or symptoms is the most frequent manifestation of the disease. For differential diagnosis, PTH must be measured, as well as phosphate, chloride, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25 dyhidroxyvitamin D and calcium-to-creatinine clearance. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism will be discussed here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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23. Hiperparatiroidismo primario: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.
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VON FURSTENBERG, CAROLINA GARFIAS, VILLANUEVA, SOLEDAD T., and UGARTE, FRANCISCA P.
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Chilena de Pediatría is the property of Revista Chilena de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2011
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24. HIPERPARATIROIDISMO PRIMÁRIO COEXISTINDO COM MIELOMA MÚ LTIPLO: ASSOCIAÇÃO E MANIFESTAÇÕES RARAS.
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Bogas, Mónica, Costa, Lúcia, and Araújo, Domingos
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Copyright of Acta Reumatológica Portuguesa is the property of Sociedade Portuguesa de Reumatologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
25. Hiperparatiroidismo primário e adenoma de Plummer: a propósito de um caso clínico
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Maria Raquel Carvalho, Ana Coelho Gomes, and Mário Rui Mascarenhas
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Gynecology ,Plummer adenoma ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,business.industry ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Hiperparatiroidismo primário ,Hyperthyroidism ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hypercalcemia ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Medicine ,business ,Hipertiroidismo ,Adenoma de Plummer ,Hipercalcemia ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
ResumoIntroduçãoApesar da associação entre patologia tiroideia e hiperparatiroidismo primário ser frequente, a existência concomitante de hipertiroidismo e hiperparatiroidismo primário é extremamente rara.Descrição do casoDoente do sexo masculino de 46 anos, com antecedentes de litíase renal e gastrite. Referenciado a consulta externa de Endocrinologia por hipertiroidismo subclínico e bócio multinodular (BMN), detetados na sequência de investigação de quadro de perda de peso de 10kg em 2 meses. No exame objetivo destacava‐se tensão arterial (TA) 110/70mmHg, frequência cardíaca (FC) 70bpm, peso 76kg e nódulo elástico com cerca de 3‐4cm ao nível da transição istmo/lobo esquerdo da tiroide. A avaliação laboratorial confirmou o hipertiroidismo subclínico com anticorpos negativos, nomeadamente anticorpos antirrecetores da hormona tíreoestimulante – TSH – (TRAbs), e a cintigrafia tiroideia foi compatível com adenoma de Plummer no lobo esquerdo da tiroide, pelo que o doente foi proposto para terapêutica com iodo radioativo. Contudo, previamente à terapêutica, por lombalgia, realizou osteodensitometria, compatível com osteoporose, e repetiu avaliação laboratorial, que revelou hiperparatiroidismo primário. A cintigrafia com Sestamibi evidenciou hipercaptação ao nível da paratiroide inferior esquerda. Foi então submetido a lobectomia e paratiroidectomia inferior esquerdas, com anatomia patológica compatível com adenoma folicular da tiroide e adenoma de células claras da paratiroide. Atualmente, 4 meses após a cirurgia, encontra‐se sem sinais ou sintomas de alteração do metabolismo fosfocálcico, sob terapêutica com levotiroxina, cálcio e calcitriol.ComentárioO diagnóstico de hipercalcemia nos doentes com hipertiroidismo representa um desafio diagnóstico, uma vez que a sintomatologia é inespecífica e pode confundir‐se, ou ser camuflada pela sintomatologia do hipertiroidismo. Apesar de quase sempre ser secundária ao hipertiroidismo e resolver com a sua correção, deve ser realizado o doseamento da hormona paratiroideia (PTH) nos doentes com hipercalcemia e hipertiroidismo para deteção dos casos de hiperparatiroidismo primário, uma vez que este pode alterar a atitude terapêutica a tomar.AbstractIntroductionAlthough the association between thyroid disease and primary hyperparathyroidism is well recognized, the coexistence of hyperthyroidism and primary hyperparathyroidism is extremely rare.Case report46 year‐old man, with a past history of kidney stones and gastritis. He was referred to the Endocrinology outpatient department due to subclinical hyperthyroidism and multinodular goiter, found during the investigation of a weight loss of 22 pounds in two months. On examination the blood pressure was 110/70mmHg, the heart rate 70bpm and the weight 168 pounds and the thyroid exam revealed an elastic nodule with 3‐4cm in the transition between the left lobe and the isthmus. Laboratory tests confirmed the subclinical hyperthyroidism with negative antibodies, namely the thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAbs), and the thyroid scintigraphy revealed a left lobe Plummer adenoma, so the patient was referred to radioiodine therapy. However, and before the treatment was carried out, he complained of back pain. The bone densitometry detected osteoporosis, the blood tests primary hyperparathyroidism and the sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy a hypercaptation area in the left inferior parathyroid. A left thyroid lobectomy and a left inferior parathyroidectomy were carried out. The histology revealed thyroid follicular adenoma and white clear cell parathyroid adenoma. Four months later, the patient is treated with levothyroxine, calcium and calcitriol and has no signs or symptoms of phospho‐calcium metabolism disfunction.DiscussionThe occurrence of hypercalcemia in a hyperthyroid patient may present a diagnostic problem, since the symptoms are non‐specific or may be masked by the hyperthyroidism symptoms. Although it is almost always secondary to the hyperthyroidism and cure with thyroid function normalization, the parathyroid hormone (PTH) assay must be carried out in hyperthyroid patients with hypercalcemia, because a primary hyperparathyroidism diagnose can probably change the treatment decision.
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- 2016
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26. Hiperparatireoidismo primário na gravidez tratado com bisfosfonatos
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Gustavo Rocha, Maria João Oliveira, Catarina Machado, and Patricia Tavares
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hiperparatiroidismo primario ,lcsh:Internal medicine ,embarazo ,bisfosfonatos ,lcsh:R ,pamidronato ,lcsh:Medicine ,lcsh:RC31-1245 ,hipercalcemia - Abstract
Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy is rare. Increased risk of fetal death, miscarriage, preterm delivery, preeclampsia and hypocalcemia of the neonate are potential complications. Cure is obtained with parathyroidectomy in the 2nd trimester but correction of hypercalcemia is essential. Case presentation: We present a case of a 31-year-old woman with a history of renal lithiasis, high PTH (171.4 pg/mL), hypercalcemia (11.3 mg/dL), and hypophosphatemia (1.9 mg/dL), with no parathyroid localization in the cervical ultrasound. Bone densitometry and scintigraphy were requested but the patient did not perform those exams because of unexpected pregnancy. Despite strict hydration and forced diuresis, the hypercalcemia got worse and the patient became more symptomatic. Exploratory surgery was refused and therefore, medical management was explored. The patient was treated with pamidronate, with consequent normalization of serum calcium and improvement of symptoms. A female child was born at 37 weeks of gestation without complications. The parathyroid scintigraphy with Tc99m-sestambi performed after delivery showed a focus of increased tracer uptake inferiorly to the left lobe of the thyroid gland. The patient was submitted to a radioguided parathyroidectomy. The pathological anatomy examination revealed a parathyroid adenoma. Conclusions: The pregnancy raised difficulties in locating the anomalous parathyroid(s). After the surgical option was eliminated, the difficulty was to choose the most balanced medical treatment to control the maternal calcium levels without fetal harm. The use of loop diuretics and bisphosphonates had been shown to be effective in controlling hypercalcemia until the end of pregnancy.
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- 2019
27. Carcinoma de Paratiroides Presentación de 1 caso
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Juan Darío Puerta Díaz and Humberto Aristizábal
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Hiperparatiroidismo primario ,Hipercalcemia ,Carcinoma de Paratiroides ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
El carcinoma de la glándula paratiroides es una rara enfermedad que se presenta en el 0.5 al 4% de los pacientes con hiperparatiroidismo primario; su cuadro clínico y bioquímico es similar al encontrado en el hiperparatiroidismo de naturaleza benigna; su cuadro histológico es difícil de interpretar y en algunas ocasiones el diagnóstico sólo se hace retrospectivamente por la aparición de recurrencia local y metástasis a distancia. La principal arma terapéutica es la cirugía ya que la radio y la quimioterapia no han sido efectivas. Dado que el número de pacientes informados en la literatura es extremadamente pequeño, la experiencia de 1solo caso es mínima, las aproximaciones terapéuticas son variadas y los criterios diagnósticos a menudo son diversos. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con carcinoma de para tiroides a quien se le efectuó resección amplia del tumor incluyendo el tejido circundante.
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- 1992
28. Canine primary hyperparathyroidism : clinical approach to hypercalcaemia
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Gomes, Catarina Afonso and Walker, David John
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hormona paratiroideia ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,cálcio ionizado ,hipercalcémia ,parathyroid hormone ,hypercalcaemia ,paratormona ,hiperparatiroidismo primário ,ionised calcium - Abstract
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária Canine primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPTH) is an endocrine disorder, where one or more parathyroid glands autonomously produce and secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), which results in hypercalcaemia (Feldman, 2010). Diagnosis of PHPTH is achieved when there are inappropriate PTH concentrations (normal or increased) in the presence of elevated ionised calcium (iCa) concentration with no other identifiable cause (Skelly, 2012). iCa is the only active fraction of calcium and does not always correlate to total calcium, which is why iCa should be used to assess serum calcium status (Schenck & Chew, 2008). PHPTH is usually diagnosed after detection of hypercalcaemia in a blood analysis performed for unrelated reasons, as clinical signs are often not perceived by the owners (Feldman, Hoar, Pollard, & Nelson, 2005; Feldman, 2015a). Treatment by parathyroidectomy, percutaneous ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation or percutaneous ultrasound-guided heat ablation is curative and prognosis is excellent for treated dogs, but hypocalcaemia is a frequent postoperative complication (Caplan, 2013; Feldman, 2015a; Flanders, 2003; Nelson, 2009; Rasor, Pollard, & Feldman, 2007; Séguin & Brownlee, 2012). The retrospective study had the objective of characterising a sample of six dogs diagnosed with PHPTH at Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists and analyse the procedures and tests conducted in the clinical approach to previously identified hypercalcaemia. RESUMO - Hiperparatiroidismo primário canino: abordagem clínica à hipercalcémia - O hiperparatiroidismo primário canino (PHPTH) é uma doença endócrina, na qual uma ou mais glândulas paratiróides produzem e secretam hormona paratiroideia ou paratormona (PTH) autonomamente, o que resulta em hipercalcémia (Feldman, 2010). O diagnóstico de PHPTH é efectuado quando existem concentrações de PTH inapropriadas (normais ou aumentadas) na presença de concentrações aumentadas de cálcio ionizado (iCa) sem outra causa identificável (Skelly, 2012). O iCa é a única fracção activa do cálcio e nem sempre se correlaciona com o cálcio total, motivo pelo qual o iCa deve ser utilizado para avaliar o cálcio em circulação (Schenck & Chew, 2008) O PHPTH é normalmente diagnosticado após a detecção de hipercalcémia numa análise sanguínea efectuada por motivos não relacionados, uma vez que os sinais clínicos normalmente não são identificados pelos donos (Feldman, Hoar, Pollard, & Nelson, 2005; Feldman, 2015a).. O tratamento com paratiroidectomia, ablação percutânea com etanol guiada por ultra-som ou ablação percutânea com calor guiada por ultra-som é curativo e tem um prognóstico excelente para animais tratados, embora a hipocalcémia seja uma complicação póscirurgica frequente (Caplan, 2013; Feldman, 2015a; Flanders, 2003; Nelson, 2009; Rasor, Pollard, & Feldman, 2007; Séguin & Brownlee, 2012). O estudo retrospectivo deste trabalho teve como objectivo a caracterização de uma amostra de seis cães diagnosticados com PHPTH na Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists e analizar os procedimentos e testes efectuados na abordagem clínica à hipercalcémia previamente identificada. N/A
- Published
- 2016
29. Granuloma Periférico de Células Gigantes como Primeira Manifestação de um Hiperparatiroidismo Primário
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Luís Monteiro and Luís Medeiros
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Paratormona ,Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,Hiperparatiroidismo primário ,Oral cavity ,Giant Cell Granuloma ,Parathormone ,Granuloma de células gigantes ,Hypercalcemia ,Medicine ,Cavidade oral ,Surgery ,Giant cell granuloma ,business ,Hipercalcemia ,General Dentistry - Abstract
ResumoO hiperparatiroidismo primário é uma doença rara, com origem em patologia intrínseca das paratiróides, caracterizada por uma produção excessiva de paratormona (PTH) com consequente hipercalcemia. É uma doença classicamente associada a perturbações ósseas como quistos ósseos ou granulomas de células gigantes, a lesões renais, gastrointestinais, neuromusculares e cardiovasculares.Os autores apresentam um caso de hiperparatiroidismo primário associado a um granuloma periférico de células gigantes na cavidade oral como primeira manifestação da doença. Após o diagnóstico histopatológico preliminar de granuloma periférico de células gigantes, a detecção de hipercalcemia, a elevação da PTH e a confirmação da existência de um adenoma das paratiróides permitiu o diagnóstico definitivo da lesão oral como granuloma periférico de células gigantes associado a um hiperparatiroidismo primário.O facto da cavidade oral poder ser um dos locais afectados por estas lesões, permite ao médico dentista/estomatologista ser um dos pontos-chave no diagnóstico de um hiperparatiroidismo primário, prevenindo o aparecimento de complicações de elevada morbilidade.AbstractPrimary hyperparathyroidism is a rare disease, due to intrinsic parathyroid pathology, characterised by an excessive parathormone production with subsequent hypercalcemia. It is a disease associated to osseous alterations like bone cyst's or giant cell granulomas and renal, gastrointestinal, neuromuscular and cardiovascular lesions.The authors present a case of primary hyperparathyroidism associated with peripheral giant cell granuloma of oral cavity, as first manifestation. After preliminary histopathological diagnosis of a peripheral giant cell granuloma, the detection of hypercalcemia, elevated PTH and detection of a parathyroid adenoma has lead to definitive diagnosis of first oral lesion as a giant cell granuloma associated to a primary hyperparathyroidism.The fact that the oral cavity is one of the places where these lesions can occur, allows the oral specialist to be one of the keypoints in the diagnosis of a primary hyperparathyroidism preventing the onset of complications of high morbility.
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- 2009
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30. Hiperplasia paratiroidea en un adolescente
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Sigrid Marichal Madrazo, Orlando Araujo Herrera, Ernesto Gálvez Pérez, Eduardo Labrada Arjona, Vivian Vialat Soto, and Julieta Sáenz García
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hiperparatiroidismo primario ,hiperplasia paratiroidea ,hipercalcemia ,litiasis renal ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
El hiperparatiroidismo primario esporádico es una de las causas de hipercalcemia en la edad pediátrica. Constituye una entidad muy poco frecuente, más aún si es debido a hiperplasia paratiroidea. Se presenta el caso de un adolescente con historia de litiasis renal, hipercalcemia asociada a cifras elevadas de la hormona paratiroidea, e imágenes sugestivas de adenoma en paratiroide inferior izquierda por gammagrafía con sestamibi marcado con tecnecio-99m. Se realizó exéresis quirúrgica de la glándula afectada. El examen anatomo-patológico de la pieza arrojó hiperplasia paratiroidea. La presentación de este caso contribuye al reconocimiento del hiperparatiroidismo primario, entre las posibilidades diagnósticas al evaluar un paciente pediátrico con hipercalcemia.
31. Hiperparatiroidismo primario: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura
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GARFIAS VON F, CAROLINA, VILLANUEVA T, SOLEDAD, and UGARTE P, FRANCISCA
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hyperparathyroidism ,hiperparatiroidismo primario ,child ,receptor sensible al calcio (CaSR) ,Hypercalcemia ,calcium sensing receptor (CaSRs) ,primary hyperparathyroidism ,Hipercalcemia ,niños ,hiperparatiroidismo - Abstract
La hipercalcemia es infrecuente en pediatría, existen diferentes causas que incluyen mutaciones del receptor sensible al calcio (CaSRs), adenoma o hiperplasia de PT, hipervitaminosis D o A, errores congénitos del metabolismo, nutrición parenteral total, etc. Objetivo: Comunicar un caso de hipercalcemia severa en una adolescente causado por un hiperparatiroidismo primario. Caso: Escolar de 14 años con cuadro de 2 semanas de baja de peso, poliuria, compromiso del estado general y labilidad emocional. Los exámenes revelaron hipercalcemia (16 mg/dl), hipofosfemia (2,2 mg/dl) y PTH elevada (450 pg/ml). Se hospitalizó para manejo de hipercalcemia severa, con diagnósticos de Hiperparatiroidismo primario. Se completó estudio con cintigrama de PT, encontrando hipercaptación en polo inferior de lóbulo tiroideo derecho. Se realizó una paratiroidectomia inferior derecha y la biopsia reveló hiperplasia de paratiroides inferior derecha. Discusión: El hiperparatiroidismo primario es una condición infrecuente en niños. Las principales causas son adenomas o hiperplasia de paratiroides, frecuentemente con 1 o dos glándulas PT comprometidas. Debe sospecharse en casos de hipercalcemia sintomática, escolares o adolescentes con síntomas nefrourinarios (poliuria importante y nefrolitiasis) y frente a un recién nacido grave, con fracturas patológicas o rosario costal. La etiopatogenia incluye mutaciones del gen CaSRs, Ciclin D1/PRAD 1 y el MEN 1. Hypercalcemia is infrequent in pediatrics, causes include mutations of calcium sensing receptor (CaSRs), PT adenoma or hyperplasia, D or A hypervitaminosis, inborn errors of metabolism, parenteral nutrition, and others. Objective: To report a case of severe hypercalcemia in a adolescent due to primary hyperparathyroidism. Case: Fourteen years old adolescent girl with 2 weeks of weight loss, polyuria, malaise and emotional lability. Laboratory reveals hypercalcemia (16.6 mg/dl), hypophosphemia (2.2 mg/dl) and elevated PTH (450 pg/ml). Management of severe hypercalcemia at ICU was done. PT Scintigraphy study reveals increased uptake in the lower pole of right thyroid lobe. Right inferior parathyroidectomy was performed and biopsy revealed right lower parathyroid hyperplasia. Discusion: Primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is an uncommon condition in children. The main causes are parathyroid adenomas or hyperplasia, frequently one or two PT glands involved. HPT must be suspected in symptomatic hypercalcemia, nephrourinary symptoms in scholars and adolescents (polyuria and nephrolithiasis) and in newborn with pathologic fractures and costal rosary. The pathogenesis includes mutations in CaSRs, cyclin D1/PRAD 1 and MEN 1 genes.
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- 2011
32. Hiperparatiroidismo primario: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura
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Francisca Ugarte P, Soledad Villanueva T, and Carolina Garfias Von F
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Gynecology ,hiperparatiroidismo primario ,medicine.medical_specialty ,receptor sensible al calcio (CaSR) ,business.industry ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,business ,Hipercalcemia ,niños ,hiperparatiroidismo - Abstract
La hipercalcemia es infrecuente en pediatria, existen diferentes causas que incluyen mutaciones del receptor sensible al calcio (CaSRs), adenoma o hiperplasia de PT, hipervitaminosis D o A, errores congenitos del metabolismo, nutricion parenteral total, etc. Objetivo: Comunicar un caso de hipercalcemia severa en una adolescente causado por un hiperparatiroidismo primario. Caso: Escolar de 14 anos con cuadro de 2 semanas de baja de peso, poliuria, compromiso del estado general y labilidad emocional. Los examenes revelaron hipercalcemia (16 mg/dl), hipofosfemia (2,2 mg/dl) y PTH elevada (450 pg/ml). Se hospitalizo para manejo de hipercalcemia severa, con diagnosticos de Hiperparatiroidismo primario. Se completo estudio con cintigrama de PT, encontrando hipercaptacion en polo inferior de lobulo tiroideo derecho. Se realizo una paratiroidectomia inferior derecha y la biopsia revelo hiperplasia de paratiroides inferior derecha. Discusion: El hiperparatiroidismo primario es una condicion infrecuente en ninos. Las principales causas son adenomas o hiperplasia de paratiroides, frecuentemente con 1 o dos glandulas PT comprometidas. Debe sospecharse en casos de hipercalcemia sintomatica, escolares o adolescentes con sintomas nefrourinarios (poliuria importante y nefrolitiasis) y frente a un recien nacido grave, con fracturas patologicas o rosario costal. La etiopatogenia incluye mutaciones del gen CaSRs, Ciclin D1/PRAD 1 y el MEN 1.
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- 2011
33. Primary Hyperparathyroidism associated with Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
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Rivero, Vicente Pino, Romero, Guillerma Pardo, García, Mónica Marcos, Tamayo, José Manuel Pereda, Rebollo, Luis Marqués, Albarrán, Alfonso Ambel, and Ugena, Eladio Rejas
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endocrine system diseases ,Sarcoidosis ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,Hypercalcemia ,Hiperparatiroidismo Primario ,Hipercalcemia ,PTH - Abstract
La coexistencia de hiperparatroidismo primario y sarcoidosis es muy poco frecuente en la literatura siendo todavia desconocido el mecanismo para tal asociación. Presentamos el caso de on varán de 37 anos con hipercalcemia que no se corrigió con el test de esteroldes y al que detectamos un adenoma de paratirddes inferior izquierda además de su enfermedad pulmonar. Tras la resección del adenoma se normalizaron Ias cifras de calcio y paratormona (PTH) con buena evolución clinica. Realizamos una revisión bibliográfica al respecto de esta asociacion., Revista Portuguesa de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, v. 47 n. 1 (2009): Março
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- 2009
34. Hiperparatiroidisma Primaria asociado a Sarcoidosis Pulmonar
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Rivero, Vicente Pino, Romero, Guillerma Pardo, García, Mónica Marcos, Tamayo, José Manuel Pereda, Rebollo, Luis Marqués, Albarrán, Alfonso Ambel, and Ugena, Eladio Rejas
- Subjects
Sarcoidosis ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,Hypercalcemia ,Hiperparatiroidismo Primario ,Hipercalcemia ,PTH - Published
- 2009
35. Pancreatitis aguda asociada a hipercalcemia: Presentación de dos casos
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Egea Valenzuela, J., Belchí Segura, E., Sánchez Torres, A., and Carballo Álvarez, F.
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Hiperparatiroidismo primario ,endocrine system diseases ,Hyperparathyroidism ,Hypercalcemia ,Hipercalcemia ,Pancreatitis aguda ,Acute pancreatitis - Abstract
Hypercalcemia due to hyperparathyroidism is a rare etiology for acute pancreatitis, oscillating between 1.5 and 7% in the different series. Although the cause-effect relationship and the pathophysiology of the condition are not clear, it seems that the association among them is not incidental, and serum calcium could be a major risk factor, so that pancreatitis would come to occur during severe hypercalcemia attacks. Mutations in different genes have been proposed as well to justify why only some patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia develop acute pancreatitis. References to cases like these ones are rare in the literature. We report two patients with acute pancreatitis associated with hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia, one of them with a fatal outcome. La hipercalcemia secundaria a hiperparatiroidismo es una causa rara de pancreatitis aguda, variando entre el 1,5-7% según las series consultadas. Aunque la relación causal y la fisiopatología del proceso no están totalmente aclaradas, parece claro que la asociación no es incidental y que los niveles de calcio sérico serían un factor de riesgo mayor, desencadenándose los cuadros de pancreatitis durante las crisis de hipercalcemia. También se han descrito alteraciones en diversos genes que podrían estar implicados, justificando por qué sólo unos pocos pacientes con hiperparatiroidismo primario e hipercalcemia sufren pancreatitis aguda. Existen muy pocas referencias en la literatura a casos como los que nos ocupan. Presentamos a continuación dos pacientes con cuadros de pancreatitis aguda asociados a hiperparatiroidismo e hipercalcemia, uno de ellos con desenlace fatal.
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- 2009
36. Compromiso esquelético en el hiperparatiroidismo primario
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López Valencia, Jorge Eduardo, Romero, Juan Manuel, and Arias Restrepo, Luis Fernando
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Adenoma ,Fracturas Espontáneas ,agrovoc:c_121 ,Hyperparathyroidism ,hypercalcaemia ,General Medicine ,Hyperparathyroidism, Primary ,Parathyroid Glands ,Hiperparatiroidismo primario ,Fractures, Spontaneous ,Glándulas Paratiroides ,agrovoc:c_3759 ,Hiperparatiroidismo ,Hipercalcemia - Abstract
RESUMEN: La enfermedad ósea sintomática es infrecuente en el hiperparatiroidismo primario (HPTP), y cuando se presenta puede transcurrir mucho tiempo antes del diagnóstico. Con el objetivo de revisar y actualizar conceptos acerca del compromiso esquelético en el HPTP buscamos en nuestros archivos casos de pacientes en quienes las manifestaciones iniciales o principales de la enfermedad hubieran sido las alteraciones óseas. Materiales y métodos: revisamos los archivos de la Sección de Ortopedia y del Departamento de Patología de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (2000-2006) en busca de casos de hiperparatiroidismo con presentación clínica inicial o principal en los huesos. De cada caso resumimos los hallazgos clínicos, paraclínicos y de seguimiento más relevantes. Basados en estos casos hicimos una revisión del tema. Resultados: encontramos tres casos que cumplían estas características. En los tres la atención inicial fue motivada por una fractura; sin embargo, los tres habían tenido síntomas sistémicos inespecíficos de varios meses o años de evolución. Otras alteraciones óseas detectadas fueron: lesiones osteoblásticas múltiples, desviación de la columna, deformidades en los dedos, osteopenia, dolores óseos y tumor pardo. Los síntomas extraesqueléticos incluían alteraciones gastrointestinales, neurológicas, adinamia y disminución de peso. En los tres casos se detectó adenoma paratiroideo. Conclusiones: aunque infrecuentes, las alteraciones esqueléticas en el HPTP comprometen múltiples huesos y suelen asociarse con síntomas extraesqueléticos inespecíficos. Si se tiene en mente esta enfermedad, se debe medir el calcio sérico como prueba inicial que ayudará al diagnóstico. ABSTRACT: Symptomatic bone disease is not usual in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Increased awareness of the various manifestations of the disease may lead to earlier diagnosis before devastating and irreparable effects have occurred. Our aim was to review skeletal manifestations of PHPT as an important presentation of the disease. Material and methods: We reviewed archives at our institution (2000-2006) searching for cases of PHPT with bone disease being the initial or main clinical manifestation. Clinical and laboratory data, radiological features and outcome were registered. Based on this information, we carried out a review. Results: We found three cases with these inclusion criteria. In all of them, the initial bone manifestation was a fracture; however, every one had suffered from unspecific systemic manifestations for several months or years. Other bone alterations were: multiple osteoblastic lesions, spine deviation, finger deformity, bone pain, decreased bone mineral density, and brown tumor. Extra-skeletal manifestations in our cases included: gastrointestinal alterations, neurological symptoms, weight loss and depressed mood. In all cases a parathyroid adenoma was detected. Conclusions: Although infrequent, bone disease in PHPT involves multiple sites and usually is associated with unspecific extra-skeletal manifestations that permit to suspect the diagnosis. Serum calcium determination may lead to the correct diagnosis.
- Published
- 2006
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37. Cáncer de paratiroides
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Vasallo, Miguel, Aponte, María Eugenia, Sánchez, Freddy, and Eichelbaum, E
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hiperparatiroidismo primario ,hypercalcemia ,Cáncer ,primary hyperparathyroidism ,parathyroid gland ,hipercalcemia ,glándula paratiroides ,Cancer - Abstract
OBJETIVOS: El carcinoma de paratiroides es un tumor endocrino poco común que generalmente se presenta en la cuarta década de la vida. Representa menos del 1 % de los casos de hiperparatiroidismo primario. MÉTODOS: Se presentan los hallazgos clínicos, de laboratorio, densitométricos, de imágenes y anatomopatológicos de una paciente con carcinoma de paratiroides en quien se realizó paratiroidectomía izquierda superior más lobectomía tiroidea izquierda con su evolución clínica en dos años. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: El carcinoma de paratiroides es productor de hormona paratiroidea responsable de los síntomas de hipercalcemia así como enfermedad ósea y renal. Estos elementos conllevan a la presunción del diagnóstico debido a que la patología benigna y el carcinoma de la glándula paratiroidea pueden presentar características histológicas similares. El diagnóstico es frecuentemente confirmado con la aparición de invasión local, metástasis a ganglios linfáticos regionales y a distancia o recurrencia, así como la presencia de hipercalcemia severa mayor de 14 miligramos por decilitro, masa cervical palpable o infiltración a cuerdas vocales con parálisis unilateral. OBJECTIVES: Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare endocrine tumor that is usually diagnosed in the fourth decade of life. It is responsible for less than 1 % of cases of primary hyperparathyroidism. METHODS: We present clinical, radiological and pathological findings in a patient with diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma. Superior left parathyroidectomy and left thyroid lobectomy was performed. Clinical outcome during a two year follow up is also discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Parathyroid carcinoma produces parathyroid hormone which is the cause of the hypercalcemia, renal disorders and skeletal abnormalities. These elements must raise the suspicion of a carcinoma specially because benign diseases of the parathyroid gland may have similar histologic features. Diagnosis is frequently confirmed by local invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastatic disease, local recurrence, severe hypercalcemia of more than 14 miligrams per deciliter, cervical mass or vocal cord infltration with unilateral paralysis.
- Published
- 2006
38. Metabolismo fosfocálcico
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Ercolano, Mónica, Frigeri, Adriana, Mansur, José Luis, Novelli, José Luis, Plantalech, Luisa, Pozzo, Josefina, Rosillo, Irene, Salerni, Helena, Sánchez, Ariel, Sarli, Marcelo, Sedlinsky, Claudia, and Spivacow, Rodolfo
- Subjects
hiperparatiroidismo primario ,Tratamiento médico ,Medicina ,hipercalcemia - Abstract
Mesas sobre hiperparatiroidismo compuestas por un panel de expertos., Facultad de Ciencias Médicas
- Published
- 2006
39. Carcinoma de paratiróide
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Ulisses M. Oliveira, Marise Lazaretti-Castro, Janaina Martins Delana, Omar M. Hauache, José Gilberto H. Vieira, Monique Nakayama Ohe, and André Gonçalves
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Parathyroid carcinoma ,General Medicine ,Hiperparatiroidismo primário ,Hypercalcemia ,Medicine ,Carcinoma de paratiróide ,business ,Hipercalcemia ,PTH - Abstract
Carcinoma de paratiróide é uma condição rara, correspondendo na maior parte das casuísticas a menos de 1% dos casos de hiperparatiroidismo primário (HPP). No entanto, pela sua gravidade, e com o prognóstico dependente do diagnóstico precoce e de uma conduta agressiva, é fundamental que a suspeita clínica seja feita pré-operatoriamente. As características clínicas são compatíveis com um caso de HPP grave, sintomático, com tumor cervical >1,5cm, podendo ser palpável. A definição anátomo-patológica pode ser difícil em muitos casos. Nossa casuística (1983-2004) compreende 7 casos, todos sintomáticos, com síndrome hipercalcêmica e doença óssea presente na maioria. Em 6/7 o tumor era palpável, e todos apresentavam quadro bioquímico compatível. Três pacientes faleceram em quadro de hipercalcemia refratária. Dados recentes apontam para uma mutação no gene HRPT2 como base molecular para o desenvolvimento destes tumores. A conduta é cirúrgica e deve incluir hemitiroidectomia e exploração cervical ampliada, procurando focos metastáticos. O pós-operatório é compatível com a gravidade da alteração metabólica pré-existente, sendo comum a tendência a hipocalcemia. O prognóstico de longo prazo depende do diagnóstico precoce, do sucesso cirúrgico e do controle da hipercalcemia. Novas possibilidades terapêuticas, na forma de bisfosfonatos e drogas calcimiméticas, bem como a possibilidade de diagnóstico genético, tendem a melhorar o prognóstico desta grave condição. Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare condition, comprising less than 1% of the cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP). Nonetheless, due to its aggressiveness, and having prognosis dependent on the precocity of diagnosis and radical therapeutic approach, it is paramount that the clinical suspicion be made before surgery. Clinical presentation is typical of severe PHP, with a parathyroid tumor >1.5cm, usually palpable. The pathologic features sometimes are difficult to characterize. Our experience with this condition (from 1983 to 2004) includes 7 cases, all symptomatic, hypercalcemic syndrome and bone disease present in most of them. In 6/7 the tumor was palpable, and in all the biochemical profile was compatible with severe PHP. Three patients died of complications of hypercalcemia. Recent findings point to a mutation on the gene HRPT2 as the molecular base for the development of this kind of tumor. The therapeutic approach is surgical and should include ipsilateral thyroidectomy and cervical exploration in order to find possible local metastasis. Post-surgical complications (mainly hypocalcemia) are proportional to the pre-existing metabolic alterations. The long-term prognosis depends upon the precocity of diagnosis, surgical success and control of hypercalcemia. New therapeutic approaches, based on bisphosphonates and calcimimetic drugs, as well as the possibility of genetic diagnosis, tend to ameliorate the prognosis of this severe affection.
- Published
- 2005
40. Crise hipercalcémia secundária a hiperparatiroidismo primário durante a gravidez
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Branco, Miguel R, Rodrigues, Carla T, Campos, António, Figueiredo, Ana, Coucelo, João, Magalhães, Carlos, Silva, Isabel S, Taborda, Adelaide, and Almeida, Maria Céu
- Subjects
Hipercalcémia ,Hiperparatiroidismo Primário ,Complicações Neoplásicas na Gravidez - Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism is a rare occurrence in pregnancy with significant risks to the mother and the foetus, witch is related to the level of serum calcium. A 41-year-old women, gravida 2, para 1, presented at 22 weeks gestation with nausea, vomiting and mild cognitive dysfunction associated with hypercalcemic crisis. The hypercalcemia was observed to be related to parathyroid hyperplasia that was surgically removed. Complete resolution of her symptomatology and hypercalcemia occurred postoperatively. The pregnancy was complicated with transient hypertension. A small for gestational age healthy male infant was delivered at term with no neonatal complications related with this pathology.
- Published
- 2005
41. Laboratory Diagnosis of Primary Hyperparathyroidism
- Author
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Omar M. Hauache, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), and Fleury - Centro de Medicina Diagnóstica
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Renal function ,Calcium ,Malignancy ,Excretion ,Internal medicine ,Diagnosis ,medicine ,Calcium metabolism ,business.industry ,Diagnóstico ,General Medicine ,Paratormônio ,Hiperparatiroidismo primário ,medicine.disease ,Parathormone ,Urinary calcium ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Hypercalcemia ,Densitometry ,business ,Hipercalcemia - Abstract
O hiperparatiroidismo primário (HPP) é uma endocrinopatia muito freqüente. A elevação do cálcio sérico é via de regra um marcador do estado de autonomia paratiroidiana, o que faz com que a hipótese de HPP seja investigada em todos os pacientes que apresentem hipercalcemia. Níveis de PTH aumentados ou inapropriadamente normais na vigência de uma hipercalcemia são fortemente sugestivos de HPP. Por outro lado, é extremamente improvável levantar uma hipótese de HPP na ausência de hipercalcemia. A dosagem de cálcio ionizado tem a vantagem de não sofrer influência dos níveis de proteína sérica. Os métodos atuais para dosagem de PTH (ensaios imunorradiométricos e imunoquimioluminométricos) são voltados para a medida da molécula intacta, mas reconhecem não só o PTH 1-84, como o fragmento 7-84. Recentemente, ensaios que medem apenas o chamado PTH bioativo (PTH 1-84) tornaram-se disponíveis comercialmente. Nos casos de hipercalcemia humoral maligna, os níveis de PTH são indetectáveis, o que facilita muito o diagnóstico diferencial com HPP na maioria dos casos. Apesar das dosagens de cálcio e de PTH serem suficientes e necessárias para o diagnóstico de HPP, outros exames complementares são úteis para a caracterização das possíveis complicações de HPP com conseqüentes implicações para a avaliação da decisão a ser tomada (indicação cirúrgica ou apenas observação e monitorização clínica e laboratorial periódica). Estes exames incluem avaliação da função renal, calciúria de 24 horas, ultrassonografia renal e de vias urinárias e densitometria óssea. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) is a frequent endocrinopathy. Increased serum calcium levels may be considered as a potential marker for parathyroid autonomy and this explains why PHP should be routinely investigated in whoever presents with hypercalcemia. High or inappropriately normal PTH levels in the presence of hypercalcemia are very suggestive of PHP. On the other hand, PHP is very unlikely in the absence of hypercalcemia. Extracellular calcium concentrations may be evaluated by the measurement of total or ionized calcium, but the serum protein levels do not affect ionized calcium level. Regarding PTH, the current methods available detect the intact molecule of PTH (immunoradiometric and immunochemiluminescent assays), including PTH 1-84 and 7-84. Recently, assays that only detect the so-called bioactive PTH (1-84 PTH) are available. PTH levels are undetectable in humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. In short, measuring serum calcium and PTH should be enough for the diagnosis of PHP. To further evaluate a patient with PHP and its potential bone and renal complications, one can order other exams such as evaluation of renal function, daily urinary calcium excretion, renal ultrassonography and bone densitometry. These exams may be useful to help the physician decide whether surgery should be indicated or not. Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de Medicina Fleury - Centro de Medicina Diagnóstica UNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de Medicina SciELO
- Published
- 2002
42. Diagnóstico Laboratorial do Hiperparatiroidismo Primário
- Author
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Hauache, Omar M.
- Subjects
Diagnóstico ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,Diagnosis ,Hypercalcemia ,Paratormônio ,Hiperparatiroidismo primário ,Hipercalcemia ,Parathormone ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
O hiperparatiroidismo primário (HPP) é uma endocrinopatia muito freqüente. A elevação do cálcio sérico é via de regra um marcador do estado de autonomia paratiroidiana, o que faz com que a hipótese de HPP seja investigada em todos os pacientes que apresentem hipercalcemia. Níveis de PTH aumentados ou inapropriadamente normais na vigência de uma hipercalcemia são fortemente sugestivos de HPP. Por outro lado, é extremamente improvável levantar uma hipótese de HPP na ausência de hipercalcemia. A dosagem de cálcio ionizado tem a vantagem de não sofrer influência dos níveis de proteína sérica. Os métodos atuais para dosagem de PTH (ensaios imunorradiométricos e imunoquimioluminométricos) são voltados para a medida da molécula "intacta", mas reconhecem não só o PTH 1-84, como o fragmento 7-84. Recentemente, ensaios que medem apenas o chamado PTH bioativo (PTH 1-84) tornaram-se disponíveis comercialmente. Nos casos de hipercalcemia humoral maligna, os níveis de PTH são indetectáveis, o que facilita muito o diagnóstico diferencial com HPP na maioria dos casos. Apesar das dosagens de cálcio e de PTH serem suficientes e necessárias para o diagnóstico de HPP, outros exames complementares são úteis para a caracterização das possíveis complicações de HPP com conseqüentes implicações para a avaliação da decisão a ser tomada (indicação cirúrgica ou apenas observação e monitorização clínica e laboratorial periódica). Estes exames incluem avaliação da função renal, calciúria de 24 horas, ultrassonografia renal e de vias urinárias e densitometria óssea. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) is a frequent endocrinopathy. Increased serum calcium levels may be considered as a potential marker for parathyroid autonomy and this explains why PHP should be routinely investigated in whoever presents with hypercalcemia. High or inappropriately normal PTH levels in the presence of hypercalcemia are very suggestive of PHP. On the other hand, PHP is very unlikely in the absence of hypercalcemia. Extracellular calcium concentrations may be evaluated by the measurement of total or ionized calcium, but the serum protein levels do not affect ionized calcium level. Regarding PTH, the current methods available detect the "intact" molecule of PTH (immunoradiometric and immunochemiluminescent assays), including PTH 1-84 and 7-84. Recently, assays that only detect the so-called bioactive PTH (1-84 PTH) are available. PTH levels are undetectable in humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. In short, measuring serum calcium and PTH should be enough for the diagnosis of PHP. To further evaluate a patient with PHP and its potential bone and renal complications, one can order other exams such as evaluation of renal function, daily urinary calcium excretion, renal ultrassonography and bone densitometry. These exams may be useful to help the physician decide whether surgery should be indicated or not.
- Published
- 2002
43. Acute pancreatitis associated with hypercalcaemia
- Author
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Javier Valencia-Jiménez, Gabriela Obregón-Guerrero, Mauro Enrique Tun-Abraham, and Larry Romero-Espinoza
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hypercalcaemia ,endocrine system diseases ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,Parathyroid hormone ,Ocean Engineering ,Scintigraphy ,Gastroenterology ,Hiperparatiroidismo primario ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Pancreatitis aguda ,Parathyroid adenoma ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Acute pancreatitis ,Pancreatitis ,Acute Disease ,Hypercalcemia ,Female ,business ,Hipercalcemia - Abstract
Background Hypercalcaemia due to primary hyperparathyroidism is a rare cause of acute pancreatitis, with a reported prevalence of 1.5–8%. There is no clear pathophysiological basis, but elevated parathyroid hormone and high serum calcium levels could be responsible for calcium deposit in the pancreatic ducts and activation of pancreatic enzymes, which may be the main risk factor for developing acute pancreatitis. The aim of this report is to describe four cases. Clinical case Four cases are reported of severe pancreatitis associated with hypercalcaemia secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism; three of them were with complications (two pseudocysts and one pancreatic necrosis). Cervical ultrasound, computed tomography, and scintigraphy, using 99mTc-Sestambi, studies showed the parathyroid adenoma. Surgical resection was the definitive treatment in all four cases. None of the patients had recurrent acute pancreatitis events during follow-up. Conclusions Acute pancreatitis secondary to hypercalcaemia of primary hyperparathyroidism is rare; however, when it occurs it is associated with severe pancreatitis. It is suspected in patients with elevated serum calcium and high parathyroid hormone levels. Imaging techniques, such as cervical ultrasound, computed tomography, and scintigraphy, using 99mTc-Sestambi, should be performed, to confirm clinical suspicion. Surgical resection is the definitive treatment with excellent results.
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44. Pancreatitis aguda asociada con hipercalcemia
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Larry Romero-Espinoza, Mauro Enrique Tun-Abraham, Gabriela Obregón-Guerrero, Javier Valencia-Jiménez, and José Luis Martínez-Ordaz
- Subjects
Gynecology ,Medicine(all) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hiperparatiroidismo primario ,Hypercalcaemia ,business.industry ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,medicine ,Surgery ,business ,Hipercalcemia ,Pancreatitis aguda ,Acute pancreatitis - Abstract
ResumenAntecedentesLa hipercalcemia secundaria a hiperparatiroidismo primario es una causa rara de pancreatitis aguda, con una prevalencia documentada de 1.5 a 8%. La pérdida del mecanismo regulador de paratohormona y la hipercalcemia favorecen el depósito de calcio en los conductos pancreáticos y la activación de enzimas pancreáticas son probablemente los factores precipitantes. El objetivo de este informe es describir 4 casos.Caso clínicoCuatro pacientes con diagnóstico de pancreatitis aguda severa asociada con hipercalcemia secundaria a hiperparatiroidismo primario, tres de ellos con complicaciones asociadas a pancreatitis (dos con pseudoquiste y uno con necrosis pancreática). El ultrasonido de cuello, la tomografía de cuello y la gammagrafía con Tc-99 sestamibi confirmaron la presencia de un adenoma de paratiroides. La resección quirúrgica del adenoma fue el tratamiento definitivo, con excelentes resultados sin nuevos episodios de pancreatitis o hipercalcemia durante su seguimiento.ConclusionesLa pancreatitis aguda por hipercalcemia secundaria a hiperparatiroidismo primario es infrecuente; sin embargo, cuando ocurre se asocia a pancreatitis severa. Su sospecha es en pacientes con elevación sostenida de calcio y paratohormona cuando se han descartado otras causas frecuentes. La confirmación diagnóstica se realiza con ultrasonido de cuello, tomografía de cuello o gammagrafía con sestamibi. La resección quirúrgica del adenoma es el tratamiento definitivo con resultados excelentes y cese de recurrencias de pancreatitis aguda.AbstractBackgroundHypercalcaemia due to primary hyperparathyroidism is a rare cause of acute pancreatitis, with a reported prevalence of 1.5 to 8%. There is no clear pathophysiological basis, but elevated parathyroid hormone and high serum calcium levels could be responsible for calcium deposit in the pancreatic ducts and activation of pancreatic enzymes, which may be the main risk factor for developing acute pancreatitis. The aim of this report is to describe four cases.Clinical caseFour cases are reported of severe pancreatitis associated with hypercalcaemia secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism; three of them with complications (two pseudocysts and one pancreatic necrosis). Cervical ultrasound, computed tomography, and scintigraphy using 99mTc-Sestambi, studies showed the parathyroid adenoma. Surgical resection was the definitive treatment in all four cases. None of the patients had recurrent acute pancreatitis events during follow-up.ConclusionsAcute pancreatitis secondary to hypercalcaemia of primary hyperparathyroidism is rare; however, when it occurs it is associated with severe pancreatitis. It is suspected in patients with elevated serum calcium and high parathyroid hormone levels. Imaging techniques such as cervical ultrasound, computed tomography, and scintigraphy using 99mTc-Sestambi, should be performed, to confirm clinical suspicion. Surgical resection is the definitive treatment with excellent results.
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45. Hiperplasia paratiroidea en un adolescente
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Sigrid Marichal Madrazo, Orlando Araujo Herrera, Ernesto Gálvez Pérez, Eduardo Labrada Arjona, Vivian Vialat Soto, and Julieta Sáenz García
- Subjects
hiperparatiroidismo primario ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,litiasis renal ,hiperplasia paratiroidea ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,hipercalcemia - Abstract
El hiperparatiroidismo primario esporádico es una de las causas de hipercalcemia en la edad pediátrica. Constituye una entidad muy poco frecuente, más aún si es debido a hiperplasia paratiroidea. Se presenta el caso de un adolescente con historia de litiasis renal, hipercalcemia asociada a cifras elevadas de la hormona paratiroidea, e imágenes sugestivas de adenoma en paratiroide inferior izquierda por gammagrafía con sestamibi marcado con tecnecio-99m. Se realizó exéresis quirúrgica de la glándula afectada. El examen anatomo-patológico de la pieza arrojó hiperplasia paratiroidea. La presentación de este caso contribuye al reconocimiento del hiperparatiroidismo primario, entre las posibilidades diagnósticas al evaluar un paciente pediátrico con hipercalcemia.
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