1. Time dependence of protective post-exposure prophylaxis with human monoclonal antibodies against pathogenic SHIV challenge in newborn macaques.
- Author
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Ferrantelli F, Buckley KA, Rasmussen RA, Chalmers A, Wang T, Li PL, Williams AL, Hofmann-Lehmann R, Montefiori DC, Cavacini LA, Katinger H, Stiegler G, Anderson DC, McClure HM, and Ruprecht RM
- Subjects
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Antibodies, Viral blood, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Disease Models, Animal, Immunity, Cellular, Macaca mulatta, Survival Analysis, Time Factors, Viral Load, Viremia, Antibodies, Monoclonal immunology, Antibodies, Viral immunology, HIV Antibodies immunology, HIV Infections prevention & control, Immunization, Passive, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome prevention & control, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus immunology
- Abstract
In a primate model of postnatal virus transmission, we have previously shown that 1 h post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) with a triple combination of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nmAbs) conferred sterilizing protection to neonatal macaques against oral challenge with pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV). Here, we show that nmAbs can also partially protect SHIV-exposed newborn macaques against infection or disease, when given as 12 or 24 h PEP, respectively. This work delineates the potential and the limits of passive immunoprophylaxis with nmAbs. Even though 24 h PEP with nmAbs did not provide sterilizing immunity to neonatal monkeys, it contained viremia and protected infants from acute disease. Taken together with our results from other PEP studies, these data show that the success of passive immunization depends on the nmAb potency/dose and the time window between virus exposure and start of immunotherapy.
- Published
- 2007
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