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The traditional manufacturing systems are often enterprise-centric systems, whereas the modern chemical industry is oriented towards industrial chain integration. Enterprise entities present a loosely coupled state at the scale of the industrial chain, with decentralized characteristics. This poses greater challenges and requirements for the industrial safety system. Based on the characteristics of the chemical manufacturing industry and blockchain, the application of the information security of blockchain in the chemical manufacturing industry is studied herein and the cyber-physical systems security architecture model of dual blockchains is proposed. The first-layer blockchain is applied at the system's core function level to solve security issues at the system level and provide security guarantees for communication, transactions, and billing between users and manufacturers. Meanwhile, the second layer involves the system resource layer, which not only solves the security problem of cross-level platform data interaction, but also enables the point-to-point security of the device-level cyber-physical system to ensure internal equipment communication information security. A domestic commercial concrete manufacturing company's real production and operation data were used to simulate basic functions such as transaction requests, trade success, and blockchain queries. After multiple tests, results show that its basic blockchain, query response, transaction creation, and block creation functions are all finished within milliseconds, meeting the industrial requirements. Its safety verification can meet the requirements of safety, efficiency, and low latency for production control in chemical industry sites, proving the feasibility of applying the dual blockchain model in the chemical manufacturing industry. Based on data security, privacy, and integrity requirements, the blockchain technology proposed in this article provides a more efficient, transparent, and secure operation and management solution for the chemical industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because the traditional network information security vulnerability risk assessment method does not set the weight, it is easy for security personnel to fail to evaluate the value of information security vulnerability risk according to the calculation value of network centrality, resulting in poor evaluation effect. Therefore, based on the network security data element feature system, this study designed a quantitative assessment method of network information security vulnerability detection risk under single transmission state. In the case of single transmission state, the multi-dimensional analysis of network information security vulnerability is carried out by using the analysis model. On this basis, the weight is set, and the intrinsic attribute value of information security vulnerability is quantified by using the qualitative method. In order to comprehensively evaluate information security vulnerability, the efficacy coefficient method is used to transform information security vulnerability associated risk, and the information security vulnerability risk value is obtained, so as to realize the quantitative evaluation of network information security vulnerability detection under single transmission state. The calculated values of network centrality of the traditional method and the proposed method are tested respectively, and the evaluation of the two methods is evaluated according to the calculated results. The experimental results show that the proposed method can be used to calculate the network centrality value in the complex information security vulnerability space network, and the output evaluation result has a high signal-tonoise ratio, and the evaluation effect is obviously better than the traditional method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various techniques have been proposed to ensure the safe, concurrent execution of a set of database transactions. Locking protocols are the most prominent and widely used of these techniques, with two-phase locking and tree locking being but two examples of these protocols. A locking protocol defines a general set of restrictions on the placement of lock and unlock steps within transactions. In this paper we show that it is possible to further increase the potential level of concurrency of a set of transactions, within the context of a specific locking protocol, by further restricting the placement of lock and unlock steps within each transaction. We also discuss a variation of the tree locking protocols that allows transactions to be locked with respect to a dynamically changing set of tree structures. In addition, we define and discuss the concept of a concurrency cost function for a locked transaction. This cost function measures the potential for conflict of a transaction with other transactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We construct a formal model of a security control system for an automated system and analyze errors in making decisions concerning the system’s security level under conditions of partial information availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Secure chips, e.g., present in smart cards, USB dongles, i-buttons, are now ubiquitous in applications with strong security requirements. Moreover, they require embedded data management techniques. However, secure chips have severe hardware constraints, which make traditional database techniques irrelevant. The main problem faced by secure chip DBMS designers is to be able to assess various design choices and trade-offs for different applications. Our solution is to use a benchmark for secure chip DBMS in order to 1) compare different database techniques, 2) predict the limits of on-chip applications, and 3) provide codesign hints. In this paper, we propose Data management in Secure Chip (DISC), a benchmark that reaches these three objectives. This work benefits from our long experience in developing and tuning data management techniques for the smart card. To validate DiSC, we compare the behavior of candidate data management techniques using a cycle-accurate smart-card simulator. Furthermore, we show the applicability of DiSC to future designs involving new hardware platforms and new database techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We face a growing need to be able to perform linkage among data set records to connect data about the same individual, organization or event so that further analysis becomes possible. At the same time, we also need to do a better job of protecting the privacy of the individuals identified by data set records. Therefore, it would be ideal if linkage could be effectively performed based not on the actual data but on some anonymous form of the data without diminishing the ability to link records whose identifiers are only “close” to each other, not equal, because of typical recording errors. This paper reviews existing proposals for how such anonymized string comparisons might be accomplished, but demonstrates that existing methods have various operational deficiencies. It therefore argues that new, more capable methods are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contemporary businesses face many new and unprecedented challenges including the threat of terrorism. The impact of a terrorist attack can undermine an organization's success and survival. A significant area of organizational vulnerability to acts of terrorism involves the information systems infrastructure of the organization. This article discusses the mission-critical expectations that corporate executives have for their information technology departments with respect to securing and protecting these essential resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]