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Keywords: antimony; HPGe; polymer composite; radiation shielding; WinXCOM EN antimony HPGe polymer composite radiation shielding WinXCOM 393 402 10 05/12/22 20220501 NES 220501 1 Introduction Antimony (Sb) is a versatile element which is sometimes found pure, but mostly is mined from the stibnite ore (Sb SB 2 sb S SB 3 sb ) [[1]]. Lead-free Sb-based polymer composite for -ray shielding purposes The Sb(20%) polymer resin composite is the best gamma ray attenuating sample among the others, due to the greater amount of Sb content especially if the photon energy level is low. From Figure 7, HVL is elevated with the increase in energy from 59.5 to 1408.0 keV, meaning that photons can easily penetrate through the polymer composites by increasing the photon energy. [Extracted from the article]

Glass gained much attention to be utilized in various applications, for this reason different kinds of glass compositions was the subject of investigation. In this work, we successfully fabricated a series of tellurite–germanate glasses with a composition of (70-x)TeO2–10GeO2–10ZnO–10Li2O–xBi2O3, where x = 0, 5, 10 and 15 (all in mol%). Ordinary melt-quenching was used to synthesize the mentioned glass series with 975 °C as a melting temperature for 30 min and 300 °C for annealing to release the internal stress. To study the structural properties of these glasses, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to confirm the glassy structure of these glasses. Regarding that, XRD profiles were recorded in ranges between 10° and 80° for all samples. Moreover, FTIR was employed to study the functional groups of all elements, which were used in the composition with the range of 4000–400 cm−1. Optical absorption was used to investigate the cutoff wavelength and optical band gap. Optical absorption was measured at the range of 200–800 nm. The variation of the attenuation properties for the tested tellurite–germanate glasses has been investigated using WinXcom software for photon energy ranges between 0.015 and 15 MeV. The examined attenuation properties include linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half value layer and mean free path, and effective atomic number of the radiation shielding glass. The present results suggest the utilization of the new prepared glass samples in radiation shielding applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we fabricated a new composition of TeO 2 –SrO–B 2 O 3 -MO (when RO = PbO, BaO, ZnO, and MoO 3) by using the melt quench technique. The role of various modifiers on strontium boro-tellurite glass was explored by studying structural, optical, and gamma-ray shielding properties. The structure for the glass was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and physical properties. The band gap, Urbach energy, refractive index, cut-off wavelength, etc., were determined based on the absorption ultraviolet (UV) spectrum. The gamma-ray shielding properties were defined experimentally and compared with XCOM data. The XRD data illustrated the amorphous nature of all glass samples and the FTIR results affirmed the functional groups for borate and tellurite. The highest density was recorded for a sample containing lead (SBT:Pb), followed by barium (SBT:Ba), Molybdenum (SBT:Mo), and Zinc (SBT:Zn). The experimental mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) exp showed excellent compatibility with XCOM data, and the highest relative difference (RD) was 7.47. In conclusion, the SBT:Pb sample showed the maximum radiation shielding properties, making it a strong option for use in radiation shielding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, six borate-bismuth glasses have been synthesized using a conventional melt-quenching-aneling process with a composition of (80-x)B 2 O 3 10ZnO 10MgO-xBi 2 O 3 where x = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 mol%. The glasses were melted at 975 °C for 30 min and annealed at 300 °C for 5 h. Different physical properties of these glasses have been measured and estimated. X-ray diffraction has been utilized to investigate the structural nature of these glasses. Optical absorption and transmittance spectra have been measured for all samples in the range of 300–800 nm at room temperature. The cutoff wavelength of all glass samples was determined. In addition, the radiation shielding characterization for the glass samples was done by calculating the linear and mass attenuation coefficients, mean free path, and half value layer of the photon energy ranges between 0.015 and 15 MeV using MicroShield. It was found that the glass with the highest Bi 2 O 3 content showed the best performance in attenuating gamma radiation by exhibiting the highest linear attenuation coefficient and both lowest mean free path and half value layer due to its high density of 7.107 g/cm3. • B 2 O 3 ZnO MgO Bi 2 O 3 glasses were prepared by conventional melt-quenching method. • Optical absorption has been measured for all samples in the range of 300–800 nm. • The radiation shielding parameters were reported using MicroShield. • Bi60 sample showed the best performance in attenuating gamma radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]