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The precision fabrication of ceramic moulds for the mass-production of micro/meso-structural arrays places a tremendous challenge to the manufacturing industry. This work aims to reveal the physics behind the processes so as to address this technological challenge. A new method for texturing the diamond grinding wheel surface with a micro-abrasive waterjet is proposed for highly efficient form-grinding of ceramic moulds into the required micro/meso-structural surfaces. It shows that this technology provides some unique advantages in improving the sharpness and geometrical accuracy of the grinding wheels. The mechanisms about material removal and texture formation in grinding wheel truing are investigated to enable the precise control of micro/meso-structure generation on the grinding wheel. A theoretical model is established to study the effect of grinding wheel surface micro/meso-textures and grain trajectory on the quality of the ground mould surface and reveal the reflection mechanism of the ground marks on the mould surface. Furthermore, an integrated rough-fine grinding strategy is proposed which is shown to significantly increase the grinding efficiency by 15–24 times. It is found that ductile domain grinding of ceramic moulds to achieve the required contour profile of 6.7 μm PV accuracy and a surface roughness Ra of less than 40 nm can be achieved.

The experimental results to the effect of irradiating conditions by intense pulsed electron beams on texture and residual stresses formation in the surface layer of targets from VT8 titanium alloy are analyzed. These data have great practical significance because the blades and disks of VK-2500 helicopter engine compressors are produced from this material. The information on texture formation and residual stresses in the surface layer allows to determine service properties (fatigue resistance and heat-resistance) of parts from this material. It is shown that intense pulsed electron beam of microsecond duration is high effective tool for modification of compressor and turbine blades from VT8 alloy. It allow to realize high speed heat treatment (hardening), recrystallization of material in the surface layer with thicknesses of 20...30 µm, purification and burnishing of surface. It is possible to form in the surface layer tensile or compressive residual stresses and compressive or tensile textures depending upon energy density in pulse in the surface layer of VT8 targets. Compressive residual stresses are formed during irradiation at low energy density in pulse (lesser 20 J/cm2 ). Microdefects with craters form are not formed at these irradiation regimes that is absence of stress concentrates.

This study is to fabricate a composite substrate (Ni7W/Ni12W/Ni7W) with weak magnetization, strong reinforcement, and improved cube texture via Rolling Assisted Biaxially Textured Substrates (RABiTS) route. The formation of cube texture with reduction in twin boundaries due to recrystallization annealing was investigated thoroughly. The optimized recrystallization annealing process revealed 97.4% of cube texture and 83.9% of small angle grain boundaries at an angle of (

In this work the formation of strong recrystallization cube texture in heavily rolled Ni–9.3 at % W has been studied. During the cold rolling (also known as recovery-rolling) process the deformation texture of Ni–9.3 at % W alloy (further notated as Ni9W) transforms to Copper-type rolling texture, and after annealing, a sharp cube texture is generated. It is remarkably strong recrystallization cube texture, as high as 93 vol %, in metallic materials with low stacking fault energy. The formation mechanism of the cube texture is adopted for the rapid recovery of cube nuclei at the early stage of recrystallization as well as fast migration rate of high angle boundaries between cube grains and deformed microstructure at high temperature. Considering the cold rolling texture of Ni9W, oriented nucleation seems to play more important role in the cube texture formation process. In this article, the relationship between the deformation texture and recrystallization cube texture is discussed.

The aim of this work was further experimental verification of the existence of the phenomenon of electrochemical phase formation in metals and alloys via a supercooled liquid state stage. According to proposed idea the slowing down of the process of polymorphic transformation in a metal being electrodeposited should be accompanied by an intensive formation of the texture of the metastable modification and suppression of the texture development of the stable modification. The results of the texture analysis of electrodeposited cobalt as a model metal showed that under slowing down the polymorphic transformation process in a metal being electrodeposited, the texture formation is intensified in the metastable modification, but suppressed in the stable modification. The finding is another proof of the existence of the phenomenon of electrochemical phase formation in metals and alloys through a supercooled liquid state stage.

The texture and grain boundary of 00Cr12Ti FSS have a close correlation with properties and should be controlled to optimize the performance of steel sheets. In this paper, the macrotexture evolution during recrystallization annealing was investigated by XRD, the microtexture and grain boundary distribution evolution during recrystallization annealing were investigated by EBSD. The results showed that the γ fiber texture were mainly generated by replacing α fiber texture in recrystallization process. But with the holding time extending, γ fiber texture transferred to other texture after the holding time got to a certain degree. The major CSLs in 00Cr12Ti FSS after recrystallization are Σ3 and the frequency of Σ3 climb up and then decline with the holding time extending. Σ11 plays an important role in the process of recrystallized γ fiber texture formation.

This paper investigates texture formation in titanium prepared by powder metallurgy – namely by cryogenic milling and the subsequent spark plasma sintering. Transmission Kikuchi diffraction was used for the investigation of the milled powder particles, the sintered material was studied by electron backscatter diffraction. Titanium remains ductile during cryomilling, which results in the flattening and repetitive shear deformation of the particles. The observed texture can be explained on the basis of the rolling texture in the titanium. Due to the shape of the milled powder particles, the texture is transferred to the sintered material. The achieved results may be relevant to other ductile metallic materials prepared by milling and subsequent consolidation.

Processes of structure and texture formation in hot rolling of electrical anisotropic steel are studied. It is shown that the structure of the surface layers of hot-rolled strips forms as a result of the joint action of γ → α phase transformation and dynamic recrystallization. The structure of the central layers forms as a result of recovery of deformed grains.

The growth mechanism of Ti(C,N) coatings produced by chemical vapor deposition was investigated as a function of the TiCl4/CH3CN molar ratio in excess of H-2. The depositions were carried out at a ...

High-resolution three-dimensional crystal plasticity simulations are used to investigate deformation heterogeneity and microstructure evolution during cold rolling of interstitial free (IF-) steel. A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based spectral solver is used to conduct crystal plasticity simulations using a dislocation-density-based crystal plasticity model. The in-grain texture evolution and misorientation spread are consistent with experimental results obtained using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) experiments. The crystal plasticity simulations show that two types of strain localization features develop during the large strain deformation of IF-steel. The first type forms band-like areas with large strain accumulation that appear as river patterns extending across the specimen. In addition to these river-like patterns, a second type of strain localization with rather sharp and highly localized in-grain shear bands is identified. These localized features are dependent on the crystallographic orientation of the grain and extend within a single grain. In addition to the strain localization, the evolution of in-grain orientation gradients, misorientation features, dislocation density, kernel average misorientation, and stress in major texture components are discussed.

An investigation into the recovery and recrystallization of the two major texture fibres during annealing, namely α and γ, yielded subtle differences between the two. It is reported that with thermal activation static recovery occurs, where dislocation free sub-grains are formed and tend to grow, coalesce, or bulge out. This can form new strain-free recrystallisation nuclei, with the coalesce or bulging phenomenon depending on stored energy and geometrically dislocation density (GND). Due to low lattice curvature or otherwise, it was found α-fiber has low stored energy and GND values which favours bulging into neighbouring deformed grains as opposed to subgrain coalescement. In contrast, γ-fiber tends to undergo rapid subgrain coalescement due to high lattice curvature, i.e., GND and stored energy. The newly formed grains from both texture fibers were also found to typically differ in size, as γ-fiber has a much higher nucleation rate with rapid subgrain coalescence. Furthermore, it was discovered that Cube texture component though nucleating in higher rates within α-fiber, nucleates in all regions of high dislocation densities but will only survive in regions with a low recovery and nucleation rates, typically as in α-fiber state condition. Moreover, Goss texture component was found to preferentially nucleate from γ-fiber.

Uniaxial compression tests are carried out in the M1 magnesium alloy at 723K under a strain rate of 5.0x10-2s-1 up to a strain of-1.3. Microstructure observation shows that grain distribution is heterogeneous and coarsened grain is observed in all deformation conditions. Mean grain size tends to decrease with increasing strain. Dynamic recrystallization and grain growth are occurred during deformation. (0001) texture which shown at annealed state is weakened with increasing strain, and texture component changed from (0,0) to (24,0) during deformation. The recrystallized grains have no strong preferred orientation about (0001), similar to the grains of growing.

In previous study, it was investigated texture formation behaviour of high-temperature plane strain compression test at 723K, under a strain rate of 5.0. It was found that the main texture component and it was sharpness vary depending on deformation conditions. To clarify the characteristic of texture formation behaviour, it is necessary to investigate at various deformation condition. Therefore, in this study, is investigating the influence or texture formation behaviour and strain, strain rate at 673K. Three kinds of specimens with different initial textures were machined out from a rolled plate having a texture. The plane strain compression tests were conducted at a temperature 673K, and a strain rate of 5.0, with strain between-0.4 to-1.0. After compression tests, the specimens were immediately quenched in oil. The texture evolution was conducted by the Schulz reflection method using Cu Kα radiation and EBSD. Before the deformation, {0001} of specimen A was accumulated in the center of pole figure. The {0001} of specimen B was accumulated at the RD direction. The {0001} of specimen C was accumulated TD direction. As a result, work softening is observed in all the cases at the true stress – true strain curve for three types of specimens. After deformation, the maximum pole density of increases with increasing strain. In this study, it was found that the stable orientation was (0001) and (0001) during deformation.

In this paper, the boriding of low-carbon steel was studied. We found that FeB phase forms on the surface of low-carbon steel at the initial stage, and then Fe2B nucleates on the FeB, with a crystallographic relation between the two phases. In the third stage, Fe2B further grows on the FeB phase, and FeB starts to diminish. A model is proposed to explain the formation of the textured FeB and Fe2B phases. It is found that the strong anisotropy of the FeB lattice structure and the lattice matching between FeB and Fe2B are the reasons for the preferred crystallographic development in the boride coating.

Ni7W/Ni12W/Ni7W composite substrates for YBa2Cu3O7-δ coated conductors were prepared by rolling assisted biaxially textured substrates route. A threefold intermediate annealing at different temperatures was introduced in the rolling process of Ni7W/Ni12W/Ni7W composite substrates to optimize the deformation texture. The recovery microstructure and the deformation texture of latitude and longitude section were studied with X-ray diffraction and electron backscattered diffraction to reveal the possible mechanism of temperature effects on rolling and strong cube texture formation processes. The results show that the highest cube area fraction is found in sample intermediately annealed at 600 °C/60 min; in this way Ni7W/Ni12W/Ni7W composite substrates with high cube texture content of 95% (

In this paper, we show a novel method to obtain small size textures usable in crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells. SiO2-based glass microparticles are mixed with a conventional KOH-based alkaline solution for making the textures. Using this mixing method, the texture size can be drastically reduced from 10 to ≤2 µm (0.3–2 µm). In addition, the process time and c-Si loss during the texture formation are reduced from 25 to 2 min and from 20 to 2 µm, respectively. Thus, the process is applicable to c-Si with thickness down to 50 µm. High-quality passivation showing the effective minority carrier lifetimes (τeff) larger than several ms and effective antireflection coating are possible on the new textures. The process is named “microparticle-assisted texturing (MPAT) process”, and its features are also demonstrated.

The shear deformation texture of bcc metals is characterized by the Goss orientation, or {110}〈001〉, which is a highly useful orientation for grain-oriented silicon steels because it gives rise to high magnetic permeability along the 〈100〉 direction. To obtain the Goss texture, or {110}〈001〉, in silicon steel sheets, a silicon steel sheet was subjected to an 89 pct reduction in thickness via asymmetric rolling at 750 °C. This step resulted in the well-developed Goss texture. When multiple asymmetrically rolled steel sheets were subsequently annealed, one at 900 °C for 1 hour and the other at 1200 °C for a short period of 5 minutes in a box furnace with air atmosphere, a strong Goss texture was developed in the silicon steel sheets. The texture was measured via X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction. The magnetization curve of each specimen was measured by the vibrating sample magnetometer and the measured magnetization curve showed the typical soft magnetic characteristics.

The Goss texture, or {110}, shows soft magnetic property due to the . Therefore, it is one of the most important texture in Si steels. The Goss texture is one of the shear deformation texture in steel which has bcc structure. During the asymmetric rolling, shear deformation is imposed on steel sheets. To obtain the Goss texture, the carbon and Si steel sheets were asymmetrically rolled by 50-85% reduction in thickness at room temperature and at 770 °C. The asymmetric rolling of steel sheets gave rise to the well-developed Goss texture to them.

A model is proposed for predicting the Lankford coefficient of steel sheet produced for the auto industry at PAO Severstal. The set of empirical model parameters is determined using an experimental database on the mean Lankford coefficient (for 138 strips of 13 steels differing greatly in composition) and additional databases on calculated steel microstructure parameters after hot rolling, and after heat treatment of cold-rolled strips. The mean error in calculations of the Lankford coefficient using the model is 7.1%. It is found that the Lankford coefficient is determined not only by the carbon content in the solid solution before cold rolling but also by the amount of carbon deposited at the ferrite grain boundaries in the form of tertiary cementite. The additional free carbon appearing in the solution when the tertiary cementite particles dissolve on heating of the cold-rolled sheet significantly affects the recrystallization and the texture formation.

Sun S., Hagihara K., Nakano T.. Effect of scanning strategy on texture formation in Ni-25 at.%Mo alloys fabricated by selective laser melting. Materials and Design, 140, 307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.11.060., Variations in the crystallographic texture in Ni-25 at.%Mo alloys fabricated by selective laser melting with different scanning strategies were designed for the first time. Single-crystalline-like texture with a short-range order of Mo atoms can be produced via bidirectional scanning along one axis (X-scan) and bidirectional scanning with a 90° rotation in each layer (XY-scan), while only fiber texture was formed in bidirectional scanning with a 67° rotation (Rot-scan). The aligned crystal orientation along the build direction can be varied by the scanning strategy; 〈001〉 is preferred in the XY- and Rot-scan samples, while 〈101〉 is preferred in the X-scan sample. The controlling mechanisms of the texture, focusing on the preferential growth directions of the columnar cells and the following epitaxial growth, are discussed.

Textured growth of Co-Fe-Ga (CFG) alloy films by co-precipitation, low-temperature heat treatment (LTHT) at 333 K for 3 days, spin-coating, and post-annealing at 973 K for 30 min has been investigated. The X-ray diffraction measurements show that the CFG films made with LTHT are highly (1 1 0)-oriented bcc alloys, while those grown without LTHT are not oriented in a specific direction. The observed texture formation in the bcc alloy films results from topotactic transformation as indicated by the similarity of the ionic and atomic arrangements among the precursor, spinel oxide, and bcc alloy. The stabilization of the precursor by Ga3+ inclusion presumably plays an important role in the transformation process leading to the highly orientated spinel and CFG bcc alloy films.

The Ni9.3W alloy with no ferromagnetism and high yield strength is one of the most promising textured substrate materials for coated conductors, but its low stacking fault energy makes it difficult to obtain a strong cube texture by traditional rolling methods and recrystallization anneals. This paper introduces four-time static recoveries during the rolling process. Rolled tapes with 80 μm in thickness were obtained by applying various deformation sequences between static recoveries to study their effects on the cube texture formation in Ni9.3W alloy substrates. The results show that rising gradient deformation sequence is an advantageous way to obtain a higher amount of cube texture, its content increases by 29.2% compared to that of traditional deformation sequence. The effect of the new recrystallization annealing process on the cube texture formation was analyzed. It is shown that the cube texture content increases with anneal temperature increasing in one-step anneal, but decreases again at higher anneal temperature. Two-step anneal could effectively improve the cube texture content, which could be further enhanced by extending holding time during the first-step anneal. However, too long holding time leads to the decrease in cube texture content. Finally, Ni9.3W alloy substrates with a cube texture content of ~90.0 vol% (

The effect of intensifying Goss texture and refining Goss grains on the enhancement of fatigue crack propagation (FCP) resistance in an Al-Cu-Mg alloy was systematically investigated. The way to improve fatigue performance mainly includes two steps: intensifying Goss texture component and then refining these Goss grains. Hot rolling at elevated temperature and pre-solution treatment are capable of Goss texture formation. Then large cold rolling reduction can refine grains and obtain more these Goss grains, which increases the twist angle boundary components with their adjacent grains to enhance fatigue crack deflection and FCP resistance. By contrast, refining Brass etc. rolling-oriented grains can increase the tilt angle boundary components and promote fatigue crack growth. And the reason why grain refinement cannot always improve fatigue properties in alloys with micrometer grains can depend mainly on grain orientations and the relative boundary components in this Al-Cu-Mg alloy. Besides, coarse Fe-, Si- and Mn-rich inclusions are detrimental to fatigue properties, but the fine, globular and homogeneous distribution of these particles can improve fatigue properties to some extent.

Textured polycrystalline aluminum nitride films were grown by magnetron sputtering of an aluminum target in a mixture of argon and nitrogen, followed by the formation of a film on sitall substrates. The influence of the pressure of the working gases, the power dissipated on the target, and the ratio of the Ar / N2 gas fluxes on the texture of the aluminum nitride films are investigated. The phase composition and degree of crystallinity of the obtained films were determined using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results of studies of the phase composition and parameters of the crystal structure of aluminum nitride films are presented: the size of the coherent scattering regions, the predominant orientation of the crystallites in the growing film, and the degree of crystallinity. It is noted that the films are predominantly oriented along the (111) and (002) planes. The degree of crystallinity of the A1N films varied from 10 to 30% depending on the conditions of the deposition process. The relative microdeformation of the lattice (Δd/d), depending on the parameters, ranged from 1.7·10−3 to 6.9·10−3. The size of the crystallites is affected by the microdeformation of the lattice, with its increase by 4 times, the size of the crystallites decreased by 3.6 times from 29 to 8 nm.

As examples of austenitic steel 316L, nickel alloy (Inconel 625) and titanium alloy VT1-0, the regularities of the development of crystallographic texture in monolithic samples and lattice structures obtained by selective laser melting (SLM) of powder are considered. Crystallization of all of these alloys is carried out by the formation of crystals with a cubic structure {100} (bcc or fcc). Upon subsequent cooling, the titanium samples additionally undergo a β→α phase transformation while maintaining the Burgers orientation relation. A sharp cubic texture {100} is formed in the middle-height layers of a monolithic product, which determines the anisotropy of the properties of SLM samples. The layer-by-layer change in the crystallographic texture is associated with the growth of columnar crystals of the cubic phase, which are formed due to the thermal effect of the molten region on the underlying layers, which determine the orientation of the crystal during its crystallization. This texture is typical for both the fcc-phase of steel and the bcc-titanium phase. In the case of the formation of lattice structures, columnar crystals with a preferred orientation of along the growth direction are formed in the central part of the ribs and nodes along the diameter of the structural elements. On the basis of the crystallographic texture of the steel lattice structures and the mechanical properties of the monolithic specimens, the strain curves of the lattices under their compression were calculated.

In order to understand the effects of the solute element and its concentration on the formation of texture, uniaxial compression tests were carried out at various deformation conditions with different aluminum solute concentration in rolled AZ magnesium alloy (AZ31, AZ61, AZ91). To clarify the texture measurements and crystal orientation distribution, X-ray diffraction methods were conducted on mid plane section of the specimens. As a result in this study, the formation of fiber texture and occurrence of dynamic recrystallization were observed in all case of specimens. The main components and its sharpness of texture were varied depending on deformation conditions and Al concentrations. Especially, accumulation of basal texture was developed with an increasing of Al concentration.

Grain orientation evolutions and texture formation based on the Taylor principles offer important references to reveal crystallographic mechanisms of deformation behaviors. Strain equilibrium between grains is achieved in Taylor theory, however, stress equilibrium has not yet been reached perfectly even in many modifications of the theory though the textures predicted become very close to those of experimental observations. A reaction stress model is proposed, in which mechanical interactions between grains are considered in details and grain deformation is conducted by penetrating and non-penetrating slips. The new model offers both of the stress and strain equilibria and predicts the same textures indicated by Taylor theory. The rolling texture simulated comes very close to the experimental observations if the relaxation effect of the non-penetrating slips on the up-limits of reaction stresses is included. The reaction stress principles open theoretically a new field of vision to consider deformation behaviors of polycrystalline materials, whereas the Taylor principles become unnecessary both theoretically and practically. Detailed engineering conditions have to be included in simulations if the deformation textures of industrial products should be predicted.

The structure and the process of texture formation in ribbons made of Cu–Ni–M (M = Fe, Cr, V) ternary alloys have been studied upon cold rolling deformation to a degree of ~99% and subsequent recrystallization annealing. The possibility of obtaining a perfect cube texture in a thin ribbon made of copper–nickel-based ternary alloys with additives of iron, chromium, and vanadium has been shown, which opens the prospects of the use of these alloys as substrates in the technology of production of tapes of high-temperature second-generation superconductors. Optimal annealing regimes have been determined, which make it possible to obtain a perfect biaxial texture close to single-crystalline one with the content of cube-oriented grains {001}〈100〉±10° more than 99% on the surface of the textured ribbon.

The present study investigates the effect of cryo-rolling process, i.e. cold-rolling at liquid-nitrogen temperature followed by heat treatment, on tensile properties of pure copper and precipitation-hardened CuCrZr alloy. The cryo-rolling process resulted in a simultaneous improvement of strength and ductility of pure copper. On the other hand, a cryo-rolled CuCrZr alloy showed higher tensile strength but comparable ductility with a conventional cold-rolled CuCrZr alloy. Microstructural analysis indicates that the drastically-beneficial effect of cryo-rolling on pure copper may be due to its heterogeneous size distribution of grains which consist of cryo-rolled fine grains, residual cryo-rolled grains and recrystallized coarse grains. The modest but certain benefit of cryo-rolling on CuCrZr alloy can be explained by different texture formation compared with conventional cold-rolling. Effect of neutron irradiation on tensile properties of cryo-rolled CuCrZr alloy is also examined.

The present paper gives a concise overview of a number of current issues in the literature on texture formation in alloys with cubic crystal structures, mainly steel and aluminium alloys. As crystallographic texture determines to a large extent the anisotropy of material properties, it is of paramount importance to understand and control the physical mechanisms by which the texture is formed in the subsequent stages of metals manufacturing processes. In the present overview three key solid-state transformation processes are considered: allotropic phase transformations, plastic deformation and recrystallisation. The intention is to highlight a number of key elements in the literature and some recent tendencies, which may provide some insight to scientists and engineers dealing with texture issues in daily practice.

The results of studying the phase transformations, the texture formation, and the anisotropy of the mechanical properties in Al–Cu–Li and Al–Mg–Li alloys are generalized. A technique and equations are developed to calculate the amounts of the S1 (Al2MgLi), T1 (Al2CuLi), and δ' (Al3Li) phases. The fraction of the δ' phase in Al–Cu–Li alloys is shown to be significantly higher than in Al–Mg–Li alloys. Therefore, the role of the T1 phase in the hardening of Al–Cu–Li alloys is thought to be overestimated, especially in alloys with more than 1.5% Li. A new model is proposed to describe the hardening of Al–Cu–Li alloys upon aging, and the results obtained with this model agree well with the experimental data. A texture, which is analogous to that in aluminum alloys, is shown to form in sheets semiproducts made of Al–Cu–Li and Al–Mg–Li alloys. The more pronounced anisotropy of the properties of lithium-containing aluminum alloys is caused by a significant fraction of the ordered coherent δ' phase, the deformation mechanism in which differs radically from that in the solid solution.

Effect of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) on the crystallographic orientation and magnetic properties in single-layered FePt and FePd films has been characterized. A huge biaxial tensile stress of ∼2 GPa was induced in the L 1 0 -FePt thin films after an RTA of 800 °C, which resulted in a significant orientation transition from (111) to (001) texture. On the other hand, in case of the FePd films, only a small in-plane tensile stress (∼0.5 GPa) was accumulated, which caused that the orientation barely changed from a (111) texture to isotropic state. These results suggest that the high ordering temperature and low tensile stress were the likely reasons why RTA has no effect on texture formation of the FePd films.

The effect of the reference voltage on the texture in TiN, ZrN, Nb, Ta and W coatings obtained by PVD methods was investigated by X-ray method. It is shown that an increase in the reference voltage leads to an increase in the {111} texture to a weakening of this texture in W coatings. The results were interpreted on the basis of the features of elastic anisotropy in the material of coatings with a cubic lattice.

The paper presents the results of structure and texture formation study in Ti-6Al-4V alloy samples, obtained by Direct Metal Deposition technology of additive manufacturing. The effect of annealing on the formation of the structure and texture in 3D-samples was investigated. It is shown that the samples have a two-phase structure of “basket weaving” in the initial state and after annealing. It is established that the samples have significant anisotropy of properties in two mutually perpendicular directions that could be explained by the presence of the crystallographic texture.

The texture evolution in grade-8011 aluminum alloy has been investigated during cold rolling and intermediate annealing. The main textural components of a hot-rolled blank have been determined using X-ray diffraction analysis and their evolution during subsequent cold rolling and intermediate annealing has been studied. The effects of the textural components on the dimensions and the arrangement of ears have been estimated at every step of producing a cold-rolled strip.

Multilayer films [Cu( d A)/Fe(9 A)/Pd(11 A)] 5 were deposited at room temperature on Si(001)/SiO 2 (400 nm) substrates. In order to induce chemical L1 0 ordering, the as-deposited samples were post-annealed by rapid thermal annealing (RTA) at 600 °C for 90 s followed additionally by heating in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) at 700 °C up to several hours. In this study the impact of post-annealing on the structural and magnetic properties of FePdCu alloy films in dependence on the Cu content was investigated. It was found that the addition of Cu to the FePd alloy has a strong influence on the chemical ordering process and the (001) texture formation. After the RTA treatment only an isotropic distribution of the easy axis of magnetization with coercive fields in the range of a few hundred mT was observed. In contrast, samples which were additionally heated for 1 h at 700 °C revealed an out-of-plane easy axis of magnetization with an effective magnetic anisotropy of about 2×10 5 J/m 3 for the sample containing 10 at% of Cu.

Two magnesium alloys AZ31 and ZEK100 were subjected to cold rolling followed by electropulse treatment (EPT) for different durations in order to investigate the microstructure and texture evolution during EPT. AZ31 started to recrystallize once the electropulse current was applied. ZEK100, in contrast, exhibited two-stage recrystallization before which an evident recovery process occurred. Texture modification was achieved in both alloys after recrystallization, with AZ31 exhibiting a weak RD-split texture and ZEK100 a TD-spread one. The results were discussed with particular emphasis on the distinct impact of electropulse current on the recrystallization texture formation. It is proposed that the promotion of the nucleation of non-basal-oriented grains, the change of the relative mobility of grain boundaries, and the non-basal dislocation activity in the continuous recrystallization are responsible for the texture modification.