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As a force contributing to social and economic development, E-Learning is fast becoming an accepted and indispensable part of the main-stream of educational systems in both developed and developing countries, with particular emphasis for the latter. This growth has been stimulated in part with the increasing use of networked computers as a medium for network-enabled transfer of skills, information, and knowledge in various areas. The traditional context of learning is experiencing a radical change. The concept of traditional education does not fit well with the new world of lifelong learning, in which the roles of instructor, students, and curriculum are changing. Rather than replacing traditional classrooms and teaching methodology, E-Learning should serve as a complementary mechanism to lifelong or remote learning.Today, Egypt has thousands of training companies and institutions giving training and educational programs, including degree, non-degree and certificate programs. The need to evaluate an E-learning system has been proved to be vital to establishments in the planning phase of their training programs. The choice is critical and quality management becomes crucial. One of the biggest E-learning projects in Egypt is the E-learning system of the ministry of education. This system is based on a well known collaboration suite named Centra. On the other hand, E-learning in the Egyptian universities/institutions is still in the very early stage. There are many theoretical and technological issues that need to be explored. Therefore, the need for a tested quality management scheme is becoming crucial.E-learning quality has been defined in terms of the design of the e-learning experience, the contextualized experience of learners, and evidence of learning outcomes. However, E-Learning course design and overall program quality are sometimes compromised in an effort to simply get something running in response to pressing demands of the consumer. Accordingly, educators and researchers have voiced concerns over the lack of appropriately rigorous evaluation studies of E-Learning programs and systems. Hence, comes the Demand-Driven Learning Model (DDLM) as a Quality Standard. The DDLM has five main components: the quality standard of "superior structure," three consumer demands (content, delivery, and service) and learner outcomes. It is important that these constructs are operationally defined to allow easy application of the DDLM by practitioners and researchers.On the other hand, Literatures have shown different best practices in the area of assessing and evaluating E-Learning quality in different contexts and in different countries. However, best practices in Egyptian context are still very limited and not mature enough to be reported. Accordingly, the objective of this paper is to demonstrate the best practice of the Hybrid E-Learning model at the Regional IT Institute, as well as to evaluateInternational Journal of Internet Education http://ijie.journals.ekb.egJuly, 2021 ISSN: 1687-6482International Journal of Internet Education http://ijie.journals.ekb.egthis Hybrid model using the Demand-Driven Learning Model. It emphasizes the two E-Learning degree programs delivered by the Institute namely: the Master of Science in Business Information Technology, delivered in cooperation with Middlesex University in the UK, and the Master of Science in Human Resources Education in cooperation with University of Louisville in the USA.Building on the DDML model, the evaluation has been performed through conducting four focus groups, in which current and previous students have participated. The results showed that participants emphasized the critical importance of the blend between the two learning extremes (the traditional and the E-Learning models) particularly in the dimensions of the delivery, service and outcomes. Meanwhile, the content dimension showed no significant difference among the three models, namely; the E-learning, the traditional learning and the hybrid E-Learning model applied at RITI. The concept of Hybrid E-Learning is still not mature enough; however, presenting the best practice of the Regional IT Institute may help adding to the stream of literature in this domain, particularly in the Middle East area.

Literacy is the main prerequisite for intellectual growth and the ability to learn to generate new knowledge. This study aims to analyze the effect of business literacy on the performance of SMEs, either directly or indirectly by including the Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (ESE) and Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) variables as mediation and moderation variables, respectively. The approach of this article is thought or conceptual based on intellectualization and reflects the prospects and impact of digital marketing. This study uses a critical system to analytically review digital marketing literature and relate it to research results. The data analysis technique used is descriptive. Based on the results of tracking and analysis, there has never been any previous research that examines business literacy, ESE, ERM, and SME performance in one model. The implication of social justice in the field of business literacy is through the existence of a business application system that is socialized to business people. Business information can enhance or even suppress the effects of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. ERM as a planned action is a control activity, which can be perceived not as an obstacle to gaining profits, but to get the expected performance results.

The Business Research Toolkit (BRT) is a free, noncredit-bearing course designed to serve students, faculty, and staff who are interested in learning more about the intricacies of business research...

This article discusses the role of the government with the Law Number 20 of 2008 concerning Small, Micro and Medium Enterprises which aims to realize the role of MSMEs as the backbone and enforcement of the national economic structure, especially in Sidrap Regency. The method used is a qualitative method, with data observation techniques, documentation and interviews. The Regional Government of Sidenreng Rappang Regency has made various efforts to empower MSMEs based on Law Number 20 of 2008 concerning MSMEs. These efforts can be categorized as the growth and development of MSMEs as well as expansion of access and networks of partnerships and investments of MSMEs. Coaching and development of MSMEs is carried out by providing revolving funds to facilitate saving for private banks / companies, assistance for facilities & infrastructure to MSMEs, dissemination of business information, successful business licensing, institutional support even though in reality it has not been running optimally. Meanwhile, the potential for strengthening or business strength is in the form of development in the fields of production and processing, marketing, human resources. and there are also factors hindering umkm in Sidrap district including budget constraints, human resources and lack of government policies as well as less competitive product packaging, so that there are still deficiencies in empowering MSMEs in Sidrap Regency, the government's role in empowering MSMEs in Sidrap Regency has not been maximal.

Since 2015 the local government of Medan City has determined that poverty alleviation and community empowerment efforts become one of the regional priority programs. This program is contained in Medan City Regulation No. 5 of 2015. This study aims to determine the role of the City Government in poverty reduction through the Skills Improvement program in Medan and the factors that influence it. To achieve these objectives, qualitative research methods are used to decipher data descriptively. Data collection techniques are done by observation, interviews, and documents and archives using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results showed: First, the role of the government in empowering the poor through the Skills Improvement program can be broadly categorized into two roles, namely the growth of the business climate and the strengthening of business potential or power. The growth of the business climate includes funding, facilities & infrastructure, business information, business licensing and trade promotions. While Strengthening Potential or Power covers production and processing, marketing, and human resources. Second, the factors that influence the empowerment of the poor through the Skills Improvement program in Medan include inhibiting and supporting factors. The inhibiting factor is the lack of innovation in marketing and the limited budget which is only a few percent, while the supporting factors are human resources and abundant natural resources.

Digital badges are an increasingly popular way to display learning achievements, both in higher education and in professional environments. Digital badges can be used to help deliver information li...

This paper studies how corruption affects two fundamental dimensions of a firm’s tax compliance: the likelihood of tax registration (possession of a tax ID) and the tax compliance ratio (the ratio between the firm’s tax payment and revenue). We explore a census covering all Vietnamese household businesses and leverage the differential exposure to corruption, depending upon which province similarly situated businesses are located within. Comparing household businesses in contiguous commune pairs that straddle provincial borders, we discover two seemingly contradictory results. We find that a household business that operates in a more corrupt province is more likely to possess a tax ID, even though it does not necessarily pay more in taxes. In fact, among firms that possess tax IDs, an increase in corruption is associated with a decrease in the tax compliance ratio. We suggest a plausible explanation for this pattern is that corrupt bureaucrats encourage tax-ID possession, because the registration form provides them with better business information to extract bribes. This mechanism implies that an increase in corruption should be associated with a smaller increase in tax-ID possession among more “visible” businesses. We test and find supporting empirical evidence for this prediction.

The author examines the historical background regarding the formation and development of the information services market as a major catalyst for the development of the information society. The level of development of information activity in the leading countries of the world is the result of a long historical process of evolutionary and revolutionary transformations. The study describes the information services market as an economic space where the interests of producers and consumers of these services are realized. The principles of functioning of the information services market are described and market participants are highlighted. It is determined that the information market operates a quality resource – information. Information activity is described as an infrastructure branch of the economy and its functions and tasks are described. Depending on the type of information, the information services market consists of the following sectors: business information, specialist information, consumer information, information systems and facilities. The current state of development of the information society in Ukraine is analyzed, in particular, the number of Internet users in 2019 amounted to 26.1 million against 2.8 million people in 2009 the use of social media as a communication platform is justified. The largest share of enterprises used social media as social networks – almost 45.0%, 22.3% – business websites, 20.3% – other knowledge sharing tools and 12.4% – business blogs. The most active users of social networks were enterprises with activities related to wholesale and retail trade – 26.6%, manufacturing enterprises – 23.0% and construction – 9.2%. The main purpose of businesses to use social media is to promote them and promote their products. The author describes the goals and challenges of the digital industry, as well as the role of statistics in the field of statistical support, ensuring the completeness of statistical databases and monitoring the processes occurring in information content.

La rendición de cuentas y la transparencia son temas de estudio de la contabilidad pública. Los Estados se transforman en función del mercado y no de la ciudadanía, presionados por las políticas de la gobernanza internacional que impone a los países periféricos la explotación de sus recursos naturales. Este proceso genera crisis social porque pone al Gobierno en tensión con las comunidades por los recursos naturales. Este documento tiene como objetivo evaluar el proceso de implementación de las políticas de rendición de cuentas y transparencia, para retar los saberes y las prácticas sociales hegemónicas que se han impuesto en el contexto latinoamericano sobre la producción de información gubernamental y empresarial, mediante un estudio de caso de subsector energético colombiano entre 2010 y 2016. Los datos fueron recolectados a partir de documentos institucionales, información empresarial y de entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores del movimiento socioambiental. El método es cualitativo con sentido crítico, y consiste en el análisis crítico del discurso para evaluar los artefactos sujetos a su triangulación. Los resultados muestran una dominación sobre los discursos que producen el Gobierno e Isagen que se distancian de los discursos de los actores sociales. En este sentido, este trabajo presenta evidencia empírica en aras de contribuir a la discusión sobre la investigación contable crítica y contextual.

EMPOWERMENT OF FEMALE MIGRANT WORKERS RETIREMENT OF SOLOKURO DISTRICT, LAMONGAN. Solokuro Village is one of the majority of the population being Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) and Female Migrant Workers (TKW), as for the background of the large number of residents who choose to work abroad due to economic factors and the lack of jobs that can meet the needs of families in the Solokuro village. This PKM activity will provide assistance to the group of women who are retired after TKW “Sinar Berdikari Business Group” by developing a variety of home-based snack products. The solutions offered in this program are: Help increase production capacity and business marketing management, strengthen business group institutions. The solution offered in this program is by providing production tools, training in business management and marketing, facilitating the formation of business groups in a professional manner, assisting in making media marketing business information technology. The method used in this service is the training method combined using the FGD (Focus Group Discussion) method, participatory assistance. From the results of the Sinar Berdikari Business group assistance and the residents of Solokuro Lamongan, innovation needs to be made to make food made from corn with a variety of flavors and shapes to increase partner productivity, equip partners with good managerial, partners will be able to run their businesses effectively and efficiently, train good packaging methods will increase sales of partners to package a product so that it is more attractive and has high selling power, teaching partners with marketing training can increase the sales volume of partners from the local market to the national market and the need for continuous monitoring and coaching so that the business partners and residents of Solokuro Lamongan can develop accordingly hope.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) have a very strategic role in national development, especially development in the field of tourism. The fact is that business activities carried out by UMKM often fail to compete with large businesses which are in a stronger position. Related to that, empowering UMKM in the field of tourism business is a very important thing to do. The discussion and research in this paper are focused on two things, First: how is the reality and empowerment of UMKM in the field of tourism business. Second: what is the function of tourism law in order to empower UMKM. In this paper, the normative legal research method is used, namely library legal research using a legislation approach (statue approach) and conceptual approach (conceptual approach). The results of the study show that the reality of UMKM in the field of tourism business is still in a marginalized position and still has limited access to capital, business information, marketing, and business opportunities which are important components in conducting business activities. The legal function of tourism in the context of empowering UMKM is ensuring certainty of the protection of UMKM, so that UMKM get various accesses related to businesses that are run to be able to develop and compete with large businesses.

At the end of May 2018, the European Commission published a proposal for a Regulation amending the SPC Regulation to introduce a specific new exception that has been called the manufacturing waiver. The objective of this Regulation is to boost the European generic and biosimilar industry and make it competitive in relation to third-country competitors and in other markets. There were three aspects of the initial proposal that could have jeopardised the objective of the new legislation: its application was deferred for up to 15 years, the exception to manufacturing was only for export and not to enter the EU market after the expiry of the SPC, and the existence of safeguards that would have forced the maker to provide sensitive confidential business information. The European Parliament and the Council were sensitive to all these limitations and proposed an important revision of the text which was finally approved as Regulation (EU) 2019/933. This article explains the rationale behind the legislation and the modifications that have been introduced in the final text, which was approved on 20 May 2019 and entered into force on 1 July 2019, to achieve the objectives pursued.

The popularity of developing off-site manufacturing (OSM) projects is increasing in the construction industry. Sustainability is an importance concern of OSM stakeholders, and it becomes imperative to comprehend the way these stakeholders perceive it. However, there is still a lack of related explorations in this research area. Thus, the research aims to identify sustainability perceptions of OSM stakeholders based on their business information. A qualitative content analysis was adopted to retrieve and analyze the business information from Australian OSM stakeholders' official websites. The results show 59 sustainability perceptions, with the most mentioned ones being “High quality”, “Customer-focused approach and customization”, “Cost effectiveness and affordability”, and “Innovation”. Moreover, the OSM stakeholders’ sustainability perceptions have covered the social, environmental and economic sustainability dimensions, and the social sustainability perceptions were more focused than others. The statistical analysis reveals that there are no significant differences between different types of OSM stakeholders regarding their top-ranked sustainability perceptions and their perception numbers. The research facilitates understanding of the nature of the OSM sustainability issue, and offers OSM stakeholders a platform of re-thinking their sustainability practice. It also builds a new foundation of developing sustainability management frameworks and assessment benchmarks for OSM projects.

Recently entrepreneurship, promotion of it, development of support programmes for the creation and development of entrepreneurial entities is becoming a very common subject of not only scientific research. Thus, not every self-employed person or company, in its run or planned activities, can adopt or implement and develop entrepreneurship. So, not every business entity can distinguish for its entrepreneurship, therefore, one of the issues addressed in scientific literature is precisely identification of an entrepreneurial entity. Some researchers point out that an entrepreneurial entity is characterized by development, implementation, and enhancement of innovations, while others oppose to such a statement emphasizing that most attention should be given not to implementation of innovations, but to the preference for an aggressive market strategy. So, the article analyses the concept of an entrepreneurial entity and its features, and the main goal of the research is becoming an entrepreneurial entity identification. Analysis of the scientific literature suggests that not all entities can be called or considered entrepreneurial ones. Not all businesses, that employ the services of incubators, business information centres, technology parks, science parks, innovation centres, or other similar organizations, become entrepreneurial, so there can be no equality. Therefore, in order to consider an entity as entrepreneurial, it must not only be proactive, enterprising, venturous, open to novelty and innovation, tending to work together with academic institutions for marketing new, innovative goods and services, have sufficient skills in business management and development, exercise a decision-making influenced management structure, but also to seek a sustainable and long-term revenue rather than short-term and high-yield, treat business processes and their management as a priority, make an active use of state support for businesses, intensively pursue tax policies, and patronize a socially responsible approach to business. It should be emphasized that an entity with all the listed features that can be named as entrepreneurial, yet, we should not forget that it must try to stay the same, i.e., must be constantly evolving and heterogeneous.

To facilitate architecture development of largescale and complex systems, we have proposed an architecture engineering methodology and defined seven kernels of architecture engineering (i.e., opportunity, Stakeholder, Need, Architecture, Team, Work and Way-of-Working) which must be considered during the process of developing an architecture. Each kernel has five or six different states that can indicate the progress and health of architecture development. To further improve practicability of the defined seven kernels and their 36 states in architecture development, a reference guide is suggested based on our engineering experience in practice, which contains more than 100 items helping to check kernel states and move them forward. Using the reference guide, we conducted an application of architecture development of a complex business information system. Results show that the proposed guide can be effectively used to help architecture engineers to determine and push on the state of architecture development. Architecture development can be proceeded clearly, timely and smoothly. Moreover, all the team members can work well together.

The introduction of the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy in Higher Education in 2015 inspired many librarians to rethink how they offer information literacy instruction. This multi-method study, using data from a survey and five focus groups, explores the use of the Framework in business information literacy (BIL). The study research questions focus on how librarians engage with the Framework in supporting the information needs of business students. Participants indicate that they make implicit, direct, and institutional use of the Framework. They also use a variety of tools aside from the Framework when designing their BIL instruction. Limitations of the Framework include the language of the document and irrelevance to some disciplinary contexts; librarians also struggle with meeting faculty expectations and finding the time for implementation. However, they find "Authority Is Constructed and Contextual," "Information Has Value," and "Searching as Strategic Exploration" to be the most useful frames for BIL instruction.

The current research explored the predictors of how police officers perceived the importance of combatting cybercrime. This is an era in which industrial security is threatened by perpetrators who use advanced techniques to steal information online. Understanding how law enforcement officers view the control of cybercrimes, especially those that steal confidential business information, can inform industrial espionage prevention and help maintain a nation’s industrial competitiveness in the world market. We surveyed a convenience sample of South Korean police officers attending training at the Police Human Resources Development Institute (PHRDI) using a paper-and-pencil questionnaire. The results indicated that the officers’ perceptions of colleagues’ and organizational views on cybercrime control significantly impacted their attitudes. Additionally, officers’ perceptions of the seriousness of online theft (in this paper, we use the terms online theft and property cybercrime interchangeably) and their computer proficiency were also found to affect their views on the importance of combatting cybercrimes. We conclude by suggesting that the police take a proactive organizational approach to prevent and respond to online property crimes through education and public awareness programs, which could positively impact the prevention of industrial espionage.

Open innovation is proved to be determinant in the rationalization of sustainable innovation ecosystems. Firms, universities, governments, user communities and the overall environment are called to contribute to this dynamic process. This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of open innovation on firms’ performance and to empirically assess whether university-industry collaborations are complementary or substitutes for this activity. Primary data were collected from a survey encompassing 908 firms, and then combined with performance indicators from SABI (Spanish and Portuguese business information). Econometric estimations were run to evaluate the role of open innovation and university-industry collaboration in the firm innovative propensity and performance. Results highlight the importance of diversity in collaborations with the academia and inbound open innovation strategy as enhancers of firm performance. The two activities reinforce each other. By testing the impact of open innovation practices on company performance, the need for heterogeneity in terms of contact type and university is also demonstrated. Findings cast light on the need to reformulate existing policy packages, reinforcing the ties with academia as well as the promotion of open innovation strategies. The connection to the innovation ecosystem needs to be further encouraged as well as the promotion of persistent connections with the knowledge sources in an open and multilateral framework.

Trade secret law is seen as the most inclusive IP regime for protecting inventions and proprietary business information. Keep it secret, the wisdom goes, and you can protect it under trade secret law even if patent and copyright law are unavailable. But keeping information secret does not magically transform it into a trade secret. The holder of the secret also must derive actual or potential economic value from concealing the information from others. This elusive and under- studied statutory requirement—called “independent economic value”—is a vestige of the common law, under which trade secrets had to impart a “competitive advantage.” Today, the conventional view is that courts generally ignore independent economic value or give it a rubber stamp. However, this article reveals that, while most courts apply a comparatively low bar, a surprisingly large number find the standard is not met. This casts doubt on the assumption that independent economic value is a toothless, check-the-box requirement. Along with this descriptive account, the article provides a much-needed explanation of the nature and function of independent economic value in trade secret law. At first glance, a legal requirement of economic value appears redundant. After all, if information had no economic value, why would anyone bother to keep it secret, and why would the parties litigate over the right to use it? By drawing on insights from patent law’s surprisingly analogous requirement of “utility,” the article reveals that—far from being toothless or self-enforcing—trade secret law’s independent economic value requirement plays a central role in establishing the contours of trade secrecy. When properly construed, it controls not just the amount of value that qualifies, but also the type of value that qualifies and the timeframe during which a trade secret can be protected. Most subtly, independent economic value ensures the information’s asserted value is caused specifically by its secrecy. This raises the bar on what can be protected and simultaneously fortifies the secrecy requirement itself. The article has a clear message for courts. In any given trade secret case, a party may fail to meet the independent economic value requirement; a litigant's cost-benefit analysis about whether to pursue a lawsuit will not necessarily screen out trade secrets that do not have independent economic value. Courts and commentators who ignore or trivialize independent economic value are wrong to do so.

Deller, Conroy, and Kures provide insights into the impact of foreign-born immigrants on communities throughout the United States by considering current trends in immigration from a historical policy perspective. The chapter also explores connections between community, social, and economic well-being and measures of immigration including the percent of the current population that is foreign born, the change in foreign-born population, and the share of foreign-born persons who are now nationalized citizens. Deller, Conroy, and Kures conclude with a detailed examination of immigration’s effect on entrepreneurship by estimating a family of models that consider the concentration of immigrants in conjunction with new business formations from the Business Information Tracking System.

Cancer hospitals manage social media platforms in a professional way to improve their relationships with internal and external stakeholders and reinforce their corporate brand. To do so, they need their health professionals to be involved: these professionals become brand ambassadors able to influence society. Nevertheless, they face different challenges: legal issues, new patients’ demands, privacy-related matters, or the difficulty of disseminating scientific content. This literature review paper analyzes how cancer hospitals manage their social media platforms to improve their reputation. To do this, we carry out a systematic literature review focused on papers published in the USA and Spain, based on the Salsa framework proposed by Grant and Booth (2009). We then define an online corporate communication model allowing cancer hospitals to improve their reputation through Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube (MedPac Model for Building Cancer Hospital Brands). The paper concludes that this model is useful for cancer hospitals because it prioritizes persons (brand ambassadors) rather than companies, focuses on scientific and emotional content rather than business information, and is based on human values. This paper is a result of the “Interactive storytelling and digital visibility in the digital documentary and structured journalism” research project funded by Feder and the Spanish Ministry of Sciences, Innovation, and Universities (RTI2018-095714-B-C21).

We introduce a new survey module intended to complement and expand research on the causes and consequences of advanced technology adoption. The 2018 Annual Business Survey (ABS), conducted by the Census Bureau in partnership with the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES), provides comprehensive and timely information on the diffusion among U.S. firms of advanced technologies including artificial intelligence (AI), cloud computing, robotics, and the digitization of business information. The 2018 ABS is a large, nationally representative sample of over 850,000 firms covering all private, nonfarm sectors of the economy. We describe the motivation for and development of the technology module in the ABS, as well as provide a first look at technology adoption and use patterns across firms and sectors. We find that digitization is quite widespread, as is some use of cloud computing. In contrast, advanced technology adoption is rare and generally skewed towards larger and older firms. Adoption patterns are consistent with a hierarchy of increasing technological sophistication, in which most firms that adopt AI or other advanced business technologies also use the other, more widely diffused technologies. Finally, while few firms are at the technology frontier, they tend to be large so technology exposure of the average worker is significantly higher. This new data will be available to qualified researchers on approved projects in the Federal Statistical Research Data Center network.

The impact of information technology innovation on the development of financial markets is one of the most important trends observed in recent years on the insurance market, both in the product area (new products and improvement of existing products), distribution channels, organizational structure and opening new markets (expanding demand), as well as changes in the business system of insurers. Considering the specificity of trade credit insurance, it can be expected that innovations will revolutionize this insurance industry. The aim of this chapter is to describe the possible impact of innovations on the trade credit insurance market, with emphasis on insurance services and indications on how can it change the structure and the nature of trade credit insurance. The most important part of the chapter is the description of the impact of innovations on the business model of trade credit insurance insurers, system of sales (business information, underwriting, tariffing, product, distribution) and claim settlement (claim made, settlement of claims, recourse and debt collection). In addition, the authors try to describe the impact of innovation on services that make up the trade credit insurance market (demand, supply, ancillary services).

The study investigates the moderating effect of e-literacy and business information strategy on the relationship between ICT adoption and performance of women-owned SMEs in Southwestern Nigeria. The theories of information technology trilogy by (J Strateg Inf Syst 10:77-99, 2001) coupled with the ICT literacy of (MediaSmarts, Digital Literacy Funadamentals, Canada’s Centre for Digital and Media Literacy MediaSmarts, 2017) which in this study is conceptualized as e-literacy were adapted, and five hypotheses were formulated towards proposing an e-literacy-adoption model for enhanced SMEs’ performance. The study adopted the correlational survey research design and consists of women-owned SMEs in Southwestern, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling was employed in the study, and a sample size of 240 women-owned SMEs was drawn. However, 236 were retrieved, giving a 94.4% response rate. The questionnaire was used to obtain information, and the correlation analysis was used to analyze the data obtained. The result of the study revealed that e-literacy and business information strategy are significant to the adoption of ICT for effective performance among women-owned SMEs in Nigeria. The study recommends that governments and various NGOs committed to enhancing the growth and development of women-owned SMEs in Nigeria should provide necessary grants and sponsorship towards providing necessary ICT workshops and trainings that could enhance women-owned SMEs’ e-literacy and skills and also the adoption of ICT towards a better performance.

The article discusses the logistic utility of registration data of automated measuring systems in the practice of operational management of national roads, expressways and motorways, as well as the shaping of the quality of logistic services. The analysis of the key problem is presented in the article on the example of the automatic toll collection system Viatoll, operating on the indicated roads. The publication draws attention to the key and extramural information character of data registered, stored and offered by specialized, automated record systems. He points to the multifaceted and simultaneous usefulness of this data to the organization and management of the scale of road logistics processes, regardless of the chief, specialized function assigned to a specific automated recording system involved in the recording of specific road incidents.

Nos últimos anos, o mercado da informação tem sofrido uma reconfiguração no que respeita ao modelo de negócio, ao consumo e à forma de distribuição e produção noticiosa. Estas transformações foram proporcionadas por uma convergência tecnológica marcada pela digitalização dos meios e por novas formas de disseminação dos conteúdos. O jornalismo em Portugal está perante um ambiente 3.0, marcado pela popularização da internet e dos agregadores, bem como pelo papel crucial que o cidadão comum desempenha no processo de news distributing. Este artigo pretende investigar como as mudanças em curso no mercado dos media são percecionadas pelos principais agentes envolvidos no negócio da informação, nomeadamente os media sociais, agregadores de notícias, media digitais e tradicionais. Os resultados indicam que, por um lado, os agregadores proporcionam visibilidade, angariação de novos públicos e ampliam novas formas de distribuição da informação, potenciando a marca do media e não se apropriando dela. Por outro lado, geram dependência. sendo uma desvantagem, porque os meios já não conseguem sobreviver sem o agregador, perdendo a valorização da sua marca. Cria-se uma relação de desconfiança em detrimento dos próprios media ou comprometendo o retorno dos media. Estão dependentes independentemente do retorno que obtêm dessa aliança., In the last years, the information market has been reconfigured in terms of business model, consumption, production and circulation of news content. These changes were provided by a technological convergence marked by the digitalization of media and dissemination of contents. Today, the journalism in Portugal is facing a 3.0 environment marked by the popularization of the internet, and the crucial role that the citizen plays in the News distributing process. The purpose of this article is to investigate how these current changes in the media market are perceived by the main agents of business information, as news aggregators, digital and outlet media. The results show that aggregators provide more visibility and attractiveness of new audiences and increase new forms of news distributing enhancing the brand and not appropriating it. On the other hand, their dependence is perceived as a disadvantage because the media can no longer survive without the aggregator, losing the value of their brand. It’s created a distrust relationship, to the detriment of the media themselves or by compromising the return of the media. They are dependent, independently of the return they get from this alliance.

This case study presents the revision of an upper-division one-shot instruction session to include an online tutorial that introduces students to business information sources prior to the library s...

This paper highlights the design and development process that two academic business librarians employed to create an online toolkit of eLearning supports for business students. After receiving fund...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of bank financing and internal financing sources on women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach Female owners of e-businesses in India were surveyed regarding their perceptions of bank financing, internal financing sources and their motivations for e-entrepreneurship. Findings The findings of this study show that bank financing and internal financing sources positively impact women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship in India. The results show that family status, education, easy access to new business information and location positively impact women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship in India. The findings also show that bank financing has a higher impact on women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship compared with internal financing sources. Research limitations/implications This is a co-relational study that investigated the relationship between bank financing and women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship and the relationship between internal financing sources and women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship. There is not necessarily a causal relationship between the two. The findings of this study may only be generalized to individuals similar to those that were included in this research. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature on the impact of bank financing and internal financing sources on women’s motivation for e-entrepreneurship. The findings may be useful for investment advisors, the Indian Government and entrepreneurship consultants.

This article reports on a video project done in an academic library where faculty were included in the production and marketing of the library instruction videos. The videos allowed the librarian to provide a shorter presentation and spend most of her time working individually with each student. The results showed that 97% of the students watched the videos and were able to benefit from the content. The implementation of the videos was a success due to the collaboration of the professors teaching the three courses and the buy-in of the course coordinator; both factors were essential in the success of the video project.

Aim . Analysis of the socio-economic conditions of formation of the digital economy in the Republic of Dagestan. Methods . Comparative and economic analysis, synthesis, generalization, logic, classification. Results . The authors substantiate the necessity for a speedy transition to a digital economy in the Republic of Dagestan, reveal the peculiarities of its formation in the region low share of the digital economy in the gross domestic product of the Republic, a small number of automated operations, the gap between the level of development of SPF, the low supply of personal computers and active subscribers of broadband access to the Internet. The analysis shows that the positive results in the development of the digital economy in the Republic can be expected when the state support for the implementation of the "Digital economy of the Republic of Dagestan". Conclusions . Socio-economic policies at the Federal and regional authorities should be aimed at accelerating the formation of the digital economy in the Republic of Dagestan, which requires the creation of appropriate infrastructure, training in IT-technologies, markets for digital information and business information, the widespread use of information and communication technologies in the economy, the state and municipal management.

This paper covers the issues related to the Polish model of trade secret protection from the angle of harmonizing the European Union regulations stemming from the provisions of the Directive 2016/943 on the protection of undisclosed know-how and business information (trade secrets) against their unlawful acquisition, use and disclosure.

The aim of the article is to characterize the specificity of business information and issues related to ensuring their security on the example of the Business Information Bureau. The analysis covered the National Debt Register of Business Information Bureau S.A., which is the first and one of the largest entities of this type operating in Poland. The article first discusses the specific nature of business information as a special type of information regulated by the Act dedicated to it. The following part analyses the functioning of information security systems and procedures in the company’s business information security. This analysis is to illustrate how the requirements imposed on business information offices were implemented in practice in the scope of an information security management system.

The application of digital marketing is increasingly widespread and has been applied by many entrepreneurs as a strategy to enter or expand the market. Entrepreneurs can choose ways and forms of digital marketing that suit the characteristics of their businesses and consumers. This study is intended to determine how far the level of digital marketing implementation for entrepreneurs in the city and district of Semarang. The study used a sample of 30 entrepreneurs who had implemented digital marketing and were selected using convenient sampling. Data were collected by questionnaires that were delivered in person or by email and processed with descriptive statistics to be analyzed using descriptive methods. The results show that the implementation of digital marketing is quite high. This means that entrepreneurs have used digital facilities (internet) in all their marketing activities, which include the delivery of product and business information, product ordering facilities, delivery of payment method options and delivery services. In the future, research can be focused on understanding online buying behavior that can be utilized by entrepreneurs in determining the right marketing strategy.

This paper examines micro-independent record companies, mostly set up by musicians according to the Do It Yourself (DIY) principle. They serve as distribution channels for counter-mainstream, often local, music. This paper discusses the characteristics of micro-(DIY) independents in the Netherlands and their rationale and motives in the context of persisting uncertainties in the music market. Earlier research (Hesmondhalgh 1998b, 1999, Strachan 2003, 2007) on micro-independents in the UK demonstrates their typical moral or political motivations, aiming to counter the hegemony of the capitalist mainstream music industry. The analysis is based on business information and open (qualitative) interviews with 14 companies in Netherlands. The paper shows that DIY-independents want to contribute to broadening the supply of contemporary music. By releasing indie genres and engaging in the associated social discourse, they differentiate themselves from the commercial majors. Commercial or financial success is not considered important and they adhere to collectivist ideologies. However, they do not aim to resist the dominance of the major music industry.

Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, US hospitals have faced shortages of critical drugs, including sedatives and neuromuscular blocking agents needed to intubate patients and maintain ventilatory support, opioids for pain control and sedation, antibiotics to address secondary bacterial infections, and bronchodilators to open airways 1 In response to limited supplies of ventilators and personal protective equipment, the Trump administration invoked the Defense Production Act (DPA), but shortages of personal protective equipment remain The DPA is a Korean War era law that enables the president to manage critical resources in times of scarcity by providing authority to gather confidential business information, allocate existing supplies, expand domestic production, and compel private industry to fulfill government manufacturing contracts 2 Use of the DPA does not require a large-scale crisis but must support the national defense, including the protection of critical infrastructure More fundamentally, use of the DPA could, in the long term, limit incentives for the health care industry to invest in improvements that could avert future shortages at lower cost, such as strengthening contractual supply-assurance provisions, engaging with multiple suppliers, preparing alternate treatment protocols and other contingency plans, and holding larger inventories in reserve Because it is unknown how this pandemic will evolve in the coming months, more information is needed about inventories and supply chains to ensure long-term availability of essential products

Business intelligence solution implies to the competences, technologies, functions & practices for continuous business process improvement & evaluation of the business information to provide actionable insights. Business intelligence (BI) solutions emphases on mounting improved visions and crystal understanding of organizational\ performance built on data insights. BI solutions are used to data extraction, processing to the delivery of the business insights. BI solutions’ in-build data science algorithm and machine learning capabilities when mixed with the high-speed OLAP, it becomes essential to drive business with its real-time analytics, receptive informational dashboards, self-serve intuitive reports, print enabled standard reports, report scheduling & delivery. Business intelligence (BI) solutions capabilities potentially enable value & lead to greater organisational performance. Business intelligence and its insights have become part of every progressive organization. This research paper discusses the significance of the business intelligence solution, industry-wide adaptability, the leading ten business intelligence solution across the industry. It also discusses the key components and the critical processes necessary to create the business value out of the BI solutions.

This paper studies the impact of qualitative business information on mitigating information asymmetry between equity crowdfunding entrepreneurs and investors. Qualitative business information covers the entrepreneurs' introduction on business model, competitive strategy, product market, drivers and barriers for product/service adoption and business milestones. Empirical data reveal that, overall, more detailed disclosure of qualitative business information leads to better fundraising outcome. However, while entrepreneurs' excessive use of promotional language, or self-praise on business quality without factual support, is not rewarded by sophisticated investors, ordinary investors are less resistant to promotional language. We also find that Title III of the JOBS Act results in a reduction of the percentage of completed fundraisings but exacerbates the effect of project description on the percentage of completed fundraisings.

In recent years, the increased use of digital tools within the Peruvian tourism industry has created a corresponding increase in revenues. However, both factors have caused increased competition in the sector that in turn puts pressure on small and medium enterprises' (SME) revenues and profitability. This study aims to apply neural network based sentiment analysis on social networks to generate a new information search channel that provides a global understanding of user trends and preferences in the tourism sector. A working data-analysis framework will be developed and integrated with tools from the cloud to allow a visual assessment of high probability outcomes based on historical data, to help SMEs estimate the number of tourists arriving and places they want to visit, so that they can generate desirable travel packages in advance, reduce logistics costs, increase sales, and ultimately improve both quality and precision of customer service.

This paper analyzes information interaction and sharing technology of power information collection system for power supply service command system and 95598 business support system. Through the analysis of information interaction characteristics and business information exchange topology among the three platforms, the business requirements of supporting the other two platforms with power information collection system are summarized, and the issues in the interaction of multi-business application systems are investigated. This paper presents an information interaction model for multi-service application system structure and designs a data interface platform based on the proposed information interaction model and improved schema. The scheme is applied in the information transmission process of low voltage distribution network repair in a region. The superiority of this scheme is verified by the comparison of related function data after the new interface design comes online. It provides a research basis for the future business development and practical promotion of smart grid.

How to exploit the precipitated internal and external knowledge to build dynamic capability in the era of big data remains a big challenge for innovation and business sustainability. This paper documents a novel perspective to address this challenge by exploring the double screen innovation knowledge management practice in Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China Ltd. (COMAC). Drawing from the literature on knowledge management and knowledge-based view, this paper elaborates how the new type of knowledge management practice represented by the case of Double Screen Innovation (DSI) in COMAC could help enterprise build sustainable core competence, which provides new perspective for multi-level knowledge management towards business sustainability. DSI, as a novel way of knowledge management, optimizes the micro-level knowledge co-creation and sharing and macro-level organizational learning mechanisms to accelerate the knowledge accumulation and dissemination within the organization. The process of knowledge creation, transformation, and application helps to integrate and transform big data into useful business information, thus provides an endless driving force conducive to the establishment and promotion of the core competencies of enterprises.

Under the background of the rapid development of big data technology, the construction of college informationization teaching service system is the basis of the informationization teaching in colleges and universities. That is very important for the success of the informatization in Universities what is service realization model, business logic, architecture and platform conform to the whole development strategy of universities. Information management organization supports the planning, implementation, operation, maintenance and management of business information system. This paper analyzes the reform mode of college education information service system supported by big data technology. Based on the analysis of the reform mode of college informationization teaching service system supported by big data technology, this paper puts forward the design idea of post system based on big data. At the same time, with the case of "big data assisted employment", the post design and adjustment were carried out. The results show that big data assisted employment has greatly improved the efficiency and quality of the school's employment department, providing students with better employment security. Finally, the problems that need to be solved in the informatization teaching service are sorted out.

Autocracies draw their political power from cronyism and organized repression. The opacity of business information (economic censorship) protects these regimes and their crony firms from any opposition. However, autocracies might also desire to eliminate cronyism (and therefore opacity) because it dampens economic growth. Autocracies survive through repression that engenders tensions, as evident in the Spanish newspaper industry during the Francoist dictatorship. State control over this industry was important because the press disseminated news to the public. From 1939 to 1957, the autocracy institutionalized both cronyism and the opacity of circulation figures to sustain the political powers of Franco and the single party state. Opacity concealed the economic performance of newspapers owned by sole legal party and any distribution of resources in its favor. Franco authorized voluntary disclosure of reliable circulation figures in 1964, after eliminating cronyism in favor of a freer market. Repression guaranteed support for this industry until Franco's death.

This article presents the collaboration between a professor of management and a faculty librarian within a summer bridge course designed to provide underrepresented minority students with advanced preparation prior to their freshmen year at Purdue University. The course is a combination of academic preparation, applied life skills, and information literacy to make the course relevant to the students in the short and long term. The instructors detail how the course is designed around a problem-based framework to facilitate improved learning of relevant tools and critical thinking skills within a business information literacy context.

Purpose This paper aims to explore innovative ways to integrate business information literacy and database instruction into courses that require in-depth research. Design/methodology/approach This paper outlines the use of the instructional design process to effectively develop specialized Guide on the Side (GotS) tutorials for upper-level business students. Findings Students valued the interactive nature of the GotS tutorials and appreciated that the instruction was at point of need. Research limitations/implications This paper describes one librarian’s journey of creating interactive tutorials with the instructional design process. It is a starting point for other academic librarians looking to embed tutorials in courses. Originality/value GotS is an interactive tutorial software and librarians are looking for effective ways to incorporate online tutorials into their information literacy instruction.

The article highlights the problems associated with the quality of the information platform at the enterprise, which is the guarantor of the quality of products and structures manufactured at the enterprises of the reinforced concrete complex. The article substantiates the dependence of the finished product quality parameters on the processes’ digitalization and the increase in the enterprise efficiency through the business information processes introduction in the WEB-segment. An example is given of integrating contextual advertising into the marketing sphere of an enterprise that manufactures the products for construction purposes and the implementation of the Bitrix24 system, which can be one of the most important tools in organizing the work of an enterprise through those aspects of the company that it can cover, starting with the coordination of the employees’ work, planning, analysis and administrative control as well as the economic activities of the enterprise and ending with document flow.