151 results on '"Song, Song"'
Search Results
2. Comparative analysis of supraclavicular area mobility in locally advanced esophageal cancer radiation therapy with two different fixed ways
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WAN Bao, HUAN Fu-kui, ZHAO Yu, CHEN Huan, GENG Song-song, YAN Hui, ZHANG Yan-xin
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locally advanced esophageal cancer ,acromioclavicular joint mobility ,setup error analysis ,radiotherapy ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective To compare the setup errors provided by the chest and abdomen flat frame fixation device and integral cervico-thoracic fixation device in supraclavicular regions of locally advanced esophageal cancer patients. Methods The cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 50 patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer and received radiotherapy in supraclavicular region were retrospectively analyzed. The chest and abdomen flat frame fixation device (group A) or the integral cervicothoracic fixation device (group B) were used respectively with 25 in each.There were 175 CBCT images in group A and 230 CBCT images in group B. The setup errors of the two groups were analyzed, and the movement and displacement of acromioclavicular joint in three-dimensions were measured. The differences were compared by independent sample t test and rank sum test. Results The setup errors were significantly different between group A and group B. The P value in X axis (left-right) and Z axis (anterior-posterior) were both less than 0.001 (P<0.001);The P value in pitch was less than 0.001 (P<0.001)and roll was less than 0.05 (P<0.05). The movement amplitude of acromioclavicular joint (ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ) of groups A and B were (0.10±0.10)cm and (0.08±0.08)cm in X axis, (0.14±0.13)cm and (0.11±0.11)cm in Y axis, (0.16±0.12)cm and (0.11±0.12)cm in Z axis. The three-dimensional displacement of groups A and B were (0.27±0.14)cm and (0.20±0.14)cm, (P<0.001). Conclusions If the influence of rotation angle is well controlled, the application of the integral cervicothoracic fixation device is better to immobilize the acromioclavicular joint and reproduce the setup position for locally advanced esophageal cancer patients. Special attention should be paid for the influence of rotation angle on the location accuracy of target.
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- 2022
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3. Prickle isoform participation in distinct polarization events in the Drosophila eye.
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Bomsoo Cho, Song Song, Joy Y Wan, and Jeffrey D Axelrod
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling regulates several polarization events during development of ommatidia in the Drosophila eye, including directing chirality by polarizing a cell fate choice and determining the direction and extent of ommatidial rotation. The pksple isoform of the PCP protein Prickle is known to participate in the R3/R4 cell fate decision, but the control of other polarization events and the potential contributions of the three Pk isoforms have not been clarified. Here, by characterizing expression and subcellular localization of individual isoforms together with re-analyzing isoform specific phenotypes, we show that the R3/R4 fate decision, its coordination with rotation direction, and completion of rotation to a final ±90° rotation angle are separable polarization decisions with distinct Pk isoform requirements and contributions. Both pksple and pkpk can enforce robust R3/R4 fate decisions, but only pksple can correctly orient them along the dorsal-ventral axis. In contrast, pksple and pkpk can fully and interchangeably sustain coordination of rotation direction and rotation to completion. We propose that expression dynamics and competitive interactions determine isoform participation in these processes. We propose that the selective requirement for pksple to orient the R3/R4 decision and their interchangeability for coordination and completion of rotation reflects their previously described differential interaction with the Fat/Dachsous system which is known to be required for orientation of R3/R4 decisions but not for coordination or completion of rotation.
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- 2022
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4. Prickle isoforms determine handedness of helical morphogenesis
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Bomsoo Cho, Song Song, and Jeffrey D Axelrod
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planar cell polarity ,Prickle ,bristle chirality ,Medicine ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Subcellular asymmetry directed by the planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway orients numerous morphogenetic events in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Here, we describe a morphogenetic movement in which the intertwined socket and shaft cells of the Drosophila anterior wing margin mechanosensory bristles undergo PCP-directed apical rotation, inducing twisting that results in a helical structure of defined chirality. We show that the Frizzled/Vang PCP signaling module coordinates polarity among and between bristles and surrounding cells to direct this rotation. Furthermore, we show that dynamic interplay between two isoforms of the Prickle protein determines right- or left-handed bristle morphogenesis. We provide evidence that, Frizzled/Vang signaling couples to the Fat/Dachsous PCP directional signal in opposite directions depending on whether Pkpk or Pksple predominates. Dynamic interplay between Pk isoforms is likely to be an important determinant of PCP outcomes in diverse contexts. Similar mechanisms may orient other lateralizing morphogenetic processes.
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- 2020
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5. Clinical Significance of Pleural Effusion in Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children
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Seo-Hee Kim, Eun Lee, Eun-Song Song, and Yun-Young Lee
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children ,Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,pleural effusion ,pneumonia ,Medicine - Abstract
The clinical significance of pleural effusion in Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia in children has not yet been elucidated. Herein, we investigated the clinical implications of pleural effusion in children with MP pneumonia. Overall, 150 children with MP pneumonia transferred to a tertiary hospital were enrolled in this study. Information on their clinical, laboratory, and radiological features was retrospectively obtained from medical chart reviews. In total, 24 (16.0%) children had pleural effusion at the time of admission. The duration of fever and length of hospitalization were significantly longer in the pleural effusion group than in the non-pleural effusion group. A significantly higher proportion of individuals in the pleural effusion group had a poor response to stepwise treatment for MP pneumonia. The mean C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase levels were significantly higher in the pleural effusion group than in the non-pleural effusion group at admission. The prevalence of severe pneumonia, defined on the basis of the extent of pneumonic lesions on chest radiography, was higher in the pleural effusion group than in the non-pleural effusion group. However, there was no significant intergroup difference in the proportion of macrolide-resistant MP cases or respiratory viral coinfections. The presence of pleural effusion in children with MP pneumonia indicated a more severe clinical course and poor treatment response. The results of the present study would help in the creation of a therapeutic plan and prediction of the clinical course of MP pneumonia in children.
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- 2021
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6. Expression of Notch signaling pathway in temporomandibular osteoarthritis
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ZHU Song⁃song
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Notch signaling pathway ,Temporomandibular joint ,Osteoarthritis ,Discectomy ,Cartilage ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective To investigate the expression of Notch signaling molecules in temporomandibular joint ar⁃ thritis (TMJOA), and to explore the role and mechanism of Notch signaling pathway in the development and progression of TMJOA. Methods 72 Kunming mice were randomly divided into experimental group, sham⁃surgery group and nor⁃ mal group. In experimental group, discs on the right TMJ were subjected to total discectomy, sham⁃operation group un⁃ derwent the same procedure without disc removal, while normal group serve as blank control. All the left temporoman⁃ dibular joint discs were not treated. 8 mice in each group were sacrificed respectively at 1 week, 2 week, 4 week after surgery. Histological examinations were performed to assess success of TMJOA model, according to the pathological standard of osteoarthritis diagnosis. Immunochemistry techniques were performed in the successful TMJOA cartilages to evaluate the expression levels of Notch1 (NICD1), Jagged1, Hes1 and Hes5. The scores were evaluated by semi⁃quantita⁃ tive method. Results Notch1 (NICD1), Jagged1 and Hes5 were activated in the experimental group with the expression levels increased dramatically over time. While Hes1 expression was suppressed at the beginning of osteoarthritis but was up⁃regulated afterwards. Conclusion Notch pathway⁃related molecular expression changed greatly in TMJOA mod⁃ el, indicating that the pathway in the occurrence and development of TMJOA plays an important role.
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- 2017
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7. Effect of early intra ⁃ articular injection of alendronate in reducing subchondral bone loss in rat mandibular condyle after ovariectomy
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ZHU Song⁃ song
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Subchondral bone ,Temporomandibular joint ,Osteoporosis ,Ovariectomy ,Drug delivery ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of intra⁃articular injection of alendronate on the mandibular condyle in ovariectomized rats. Methods Sixty female rats were randomly divided into five groups: ovariectomy with vehicle treat⁃ ment alone, early alendronate treatment at ovariectomy, late alendronate treatment at 4 weeks after ovariectomy, sham⁃ operation with vehicle treatment, and the normal control rats. The changes in subchondral bone were evaluated by micro⁃ computed tomography (Micro⁃CT), tartrate⁃resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and real⁃time quantitative poly⁃ merase chain reaction (RT⁃PCR). Results Compared with late alendronate treatment, early alendronate treatment im⁃ proved microstructural properties of the subchondral bone, with higher bone volume ratio (46.4 + 2.5 vs 37.5 + 2.1; P= 0.038), increased trabecular thickness (47.3 + 1.7 vs 34.6 + 1.4; P = 0.029), elevated trabecular number (8.5 + 0.6 vs 6.2 + 0.3; P = 0.041) and lower trabecular separation (30.2 + 1.6 vs 37.7 + 2.6; P = 0.034). Fewer TRAP⁃positive cells (4.2 + 0.2 vs 6.8 + 0.4; P = 0.019) and a higher OPG/RANKL ratio (0.38 + 0.01 vs 0.25 + 0.03; P = 0.043) in the sub⁃chondral bone were observed in the animals with early treatment group compared to late treatment or ovariectomy/vehi⁃ cle treatment group. Conclusion Our results suggest the therapeutic potential of intra⁃articular alendronate injection in the treatment of osteoporosis⁃associated temporomandibular disorders.
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- 2017
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8. Differential Impact of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on the Epidemiology of Invasive Bacterial Infections in Children During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
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Chun Soo Kim, Hwang Min Kim, Su Eun Park, Yun Kyung Kim, Hye Kyung Cho, Joon Kee Lee, Yae-Jean Kim, Youn Young Choi, Hyun Mi Kang, Chi Eun Oh, Jin A Lee, Byung Wook Eun, Eun Song Song, Eun Young Cho, Nam Hee Kim, Jong Gyun Ahn, Ye Kyung Kim, Eun Hwa Choi, Hyunju Lee, Dong-Hyun Kim, Taekjin Lee, Jae Hong Choi, Dae Sun Jo, and Kyung Hyo Kim
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Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Salmonella ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Psychological intervention ,medicine.disease_cause ,Annual incidence ,Original Studies ,children ,Internal medicine ,Pandemic ,Epidemiology ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Pathogen ,Differential impact ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,pandemic ,Incidence ,COVID-19 ,Infant ,invasive bacterial infection ,Bacterial Infections ,Hospitals ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Communicable Disease Control ,Epidemiological Monitoring ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,business ,nonpharmaceutical interventions - Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., Background: Invasive bacterial infection (IBI) remains a major burden of mortality and morbidity in children. As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged, stringent nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were applied worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of NPIs on pediatric IBI in Korea. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2020, surveillance for pediatric IBIs caused by 9 pathogens (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, S. agalactiae, S. pyogenes, S. aureus, Salmonella species, L. monocytogenes and E. coli) was performed at 22 hospitals throughout Korea. Annual incidence rates were compared before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: A total of 651 cases were identified and the annual incidence was 194.0 cases per 100,000 in-patients in 2018, 170.0 in 2019 and 172.4 in 2020. Most common pathogen by age group was S. agalactiae in infants < 3 months (n = 129, 46.7%), S. aureus in 3 to < 24 months (n = 35, 37.2%), Salmonella spp. in 24 to < 60 months (n = 24, 34.8%) and S. aureus in children ≥ 5 years (n = 128, 60.7%). Compared with 2018 to 2019, the incidence rate in 2020 decreased by 57% for invasive pneumococcal disease (26.6 vs. 11.5 per 100,000 in-patients, P = 0.014) and 59% for Salmonella spp. infection (22.8 vs. 9.4 per 100,000 in-patients, P = 0.018). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in invasive infections due to S. aureus, S. agalactiae and E. coli. Conclusions: The NPIs implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced invasive diseases caused by S. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp. but not S. aureus, S. agalactiae and E. coli in children.
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- 2021
9. Metabolomics of Fuzi-Gancao in CCl4 induced acute liver injury and its regulatory effect on bile acid profile in rats
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Song-Song Zhao, Dil Momin Thapa, Yu-Ling Song, Zheng Xiang, and Mofei Wang
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medicine.drug_class ,CCL4 ,Bile acid ,Pharmacology ,Liver injury ,digestive system ,Bile Acids and Salts ,Metabolomics ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Metabolites ,Glycyrrhiza ,Animals ,Acute liver injury ,business.industry ,Gastroenterology ,General Medicine ,Basic Study ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,Rats ,Fuzi-Gancao ,Liver ,Radix glycyrrhizae ,Radix aconiti lateralis ,Diterpenes ,business ,Chromatography, Liquid ,Drugs, Chinese Herbal - Abstract
BACKGROUND Fuzi (Radix aconiti lateralis)-Gancao (Radix glycyrrhizae) is one of the most classical drug pairs of traditional Chinese medicine. In clinical practice, decoctions containing Fuzi-Gancao (F-G) are often used in the treatment of liver diseases such as hepatitis and liver failure. AIM To investigate the metabolomics of F-G in CCl4 induced acute liver injury in rats and its regulatory effect on the bile acid profile. METHODS The pharmacodynamic effect of F-G on CCl4 induced acute liver injury in rats was evaluated, and an ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of 92 metabolites from multiple pathways was established to explore the protective metabolic mechanism of F-G in serum on the liver. RESULTS Twenty-four differential metabolites were identified in serum samples. The primary bile acid biosynthetic metabolic pathway was the major common pathway in the model group and F-G group. Subsequently, a UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of 11 bile acids, including cholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, glycocholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, and glycinic acid, was established to analyze the regulatory mechanism of F-G in serum. F-G decreased the contents of these 11 bile acids in serum in a dose-dependent manner compared with those in the model control group. CONCLUSION F-G could protect hepatocytes by promoting the binding of free bile acids to glycine and taurine, and reducing the accumulation of free bile acids in the liver. F-G could also regulate the compensatory degree of taurine, decreasing the content of taurine-conjugated bile acids to protect hepatocytes.
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- 2021
10. Incidentally discovered asymptomatic splenic hamartoma misdiagnosed as an aneurysm: A case report
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Xuefeng Cao, Lingqun Kong, Xutao Lin, Qiang Wei, Xingyuan Zhang, Li-Peng Yang, and Song-Song Fan
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congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Misdiagnosis ,General Medicine ,Splenic hamartoma ,medicine.disease ,Asymptomatic ,Aneurysm ,Asymptomatic splenic hamartoma ,Case report ,cardiovascular system ,Medicine ,cardiovascular diseases ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND Splenic hamartoma (SH) is a rare, benign vascular proliferation that is often found incidentally. It may be misdiagnosed as a splenic aneurysm or splenic malignancy. CASE SUMMARY A 21-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with a complaint of an incidentally discovered asymptomatic splenic space-occupying lesion for 2 wk. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed a circular low-density shadow in the hilum of the spleen. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed an aneurysm located in the hilum of the spleen before operation. Laparoscopic splenectomy was performed and postoperative pathology revealed the presence of SH. CONCLUSION Imaging studies are insufficient for the differential diagnosis of SH from other diseases, and laparoscopic splenectomy is a less invasive procedure and useful for the diagnostic purpose as well.
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- 2021
11. Serum Ferritin as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Kawasaki Disease
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Young Kuk Cho, Gwang Hyeon Eom, Eun Song Song, Gaeun Kang, Somy Yoon, and Sung Hoon Kim
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ,Brief Communication ,Gastroenterology ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Blood serum ,Internal medicine ,Diagnosis ,medicine ,Diagnostic biomarker ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,Clinical Chemistry ,Ferritin ,Clinical pathology ,biology ,Kawasaki disease ,business.industry ,Biochemistry (medical) ,General Medicine ,Biomarker ,medicine.disease ,Ferritins ,biology.protein ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,Differential diagnosis ,Antibody ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (KD) is occasionally delayed because it is solely based on clinical symptoms. Previous studies have attempted to identify diagnostic biomarkers for KD. Recently, patients with KD were reported to have elevated serum ferritin levels. We investigated the usefulness of the serum ferritin level as a diagnostic biomarker for distinguishing KD from other acute febrile illnesses. Blood samples were obtained from pediatric patients with KD (N=77) and those with other acute febrile illnesses (N=32) between December 2007 and June 2011 for measuring various laboratory parameters, including serum ferritin levels. In patients with KD, laboratory tests were performed at diagnosis and repeated at 2, 14, and 56 days after intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. At the time of diagnosis, serum ferritin levels in patients with KD (188.8 μg/L) were significantly higher than those in patients with other acute febrile illnesses (106.8 μg/L, P=0.003). The serum ferritin cut-off value of 120.8 μg/L effectively distinguished patients with KD from those with other acute febrile illnesses, with a sensitivity and specificity of 74.5% and 83.3%, respectively. Serum ferritin may be a useful biomarker to distinguish KD from other acute febrile illnesses.
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- 2021
12. Towards a better understanding of reasons for non-adherence to treatment among patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A focus group study
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Wan Pin Lee, Sharon Song-Song Lee, Xiaohui Xin, and Julian Thumboo
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Medicine - Abstract
Objective: To explore common reasons for non-adherence to treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Singapore. Methods: Patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis for ⩾ 1 year being followed up at the Singapore General Hospital and meeting pre-defined criteria of non-adherence were invited to participate in focus groups to discuss issues related to adherence to their rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Each focus group was homogenous in terms of gender, language spoken and ethnicity. Discussions were audio recorded and subsequently transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis. Results: Of the 26 patients who participated in the study, seven reported non-adherence to medication, two reported non-adherence to doctors’ appointments, and 11 reported non-adherence to both. The most commonly mentioned reasons for non-adherence were forgetfulness ( n =13), low perceived need for treatment ( n =10), actual or perceived medication side effects ( n =6) and intentional delay due to busyness ( n =4). Eleven participants acknowledged more than one of these four reasons for non-adherence. Conclusion: There are multiple reasons for non-adherence to treatment among patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Singapore. Findings from this study provide important empirical evidence to inform strategies to improve adherence and in turn treatment outcomes for this group of patients in Singapore.
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- 2017
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13. Polymorphisms of FST gene and their association with wool quality traits in Chinese Merino sheep.
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Guang-Wei Ma, Yan-Kai Chu, Wen-Jian Zhang, Fei-Yue Qin, Song-Song Xu, Hua Yang, En-Guang Rong, Zhi-Qiang Du, Shou-Zhi Wang, Hui Li, and Ning Wang
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Follistatin (FST) is involved in hair follicle morphogenesis. However, its effects on hair traits are not clear. This study was designed to investigate the effects of FST gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on wool quality traits in Chinese Merino sheep (Junken Type). We performed gene expression analysis, SNP detection, and association analysis of FST gene with sheep wool quality traits. The real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that FST gene was differentially expressed in adult skin between Chinese Merino sheep (Junken Type) and Suffolk sheep. Immunostaining showed that FST was localized in inner root sheath (IRS) and matrix of hair follicle (HF) in both SF and Suffolk sheep. Sequencing analysis identified a total of seven SNPs (termed SNPs 1-7) in the FST gene in Chinese Merino sheep (Junken Type). Association analysis showed that SNP2 (Chr 16. 25,633,662 G>A) was significantly associated with average wool fiber diameter, wool fineness SD, and wool crimp (P < 0.05). SNP4 (Chr 16. 25,633,569 C>T) was significantly associated with wool fineness SD and CV of fiber diameter (P < 0.05). Similarly, the haplotypes derived from these seven identified SNPs were also significantly associated with average wool fiber diameter, wool fineness SD, CV of fiber diameter, and wool crimp (P < 0.05). Our results suggest that FST influences wool quality traits and its SNPs 2 and 4 might be useful markers for marker-assisted selection and sheep breeding.
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- 2017
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14. Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma invading central nervous system in long-term clinical remission with lenalidomide: A case report
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Xiao-Shan Ma, Limei Qu, Jing Sun, and Xue-Song Song
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Central nervous system ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Case report ,medicine ,T-cell lymphoma ,Lenalidomide ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Lymphoma ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Complication ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
BACKGROUND Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) involvement in the central nervous system (CNS) is particularly rare. SPTCL with CNS involvement has an exceedingly poor prognosis, and no optimum therapeutic method has been discovered. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of SPTCL invading the CNS achieving long-term remission with lenalidomide maintenance therapy. CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old man diagnosed with SPTCL was admitted to the hospital with severe headache for 15 d after four cycles of chemotherapy. Subsequent to the treatment, the patient developed CNS involvement. Craniotomy biopsy was pathologically diagnosed as CNS T-cell lymphoma, and two courses of chemotherapy were performed postoperatively. Due to the intolerance of the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, the patient received lenalidomide instead. The magnetic resonance imaging of the head at the 8 mo follow-up indicated no signs of recurrence, and the vital signs were stable. CONCLUSION Lenalidomide deserves further investigation as a targeted drug for SPTCL cases involving the CNS.
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- 2021
15. Small single perivascular hepatocellular carcinoma: comparisons of radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation by using propensity score analysis
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Chao An, Xiaoling Yu, Jinhua Huang, Wang-Zhong Li, Yu-Zhi Han, Ping Liang, Zhimei Huang, Fangyi Liu, Jie Yu, and Song-Song Wu
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Ablation Techniques ,Radiofrequency ablation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Ablation techniques ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,law ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Microwaves ,Propensity Score ,Retrospective Studies ,Radiofrequency Ablation ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Liver Neoplasms ,Microwave ablation ,Ultrasound ,Interventional radiology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Ablation ,Hepatobiliary-Pancreas ,Treatment Outcome ,Tumor progression ,Catheter Ablation ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Radiology ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Microwave - Abstract
ObjectivesWe aimed to compare the therapeutic outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) as first-line therapies in patients with small single perivascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsA total of 144 eligible patients with small (≤ 3 cm) single perivascular (proximity to hepatic and portal veins) HCC who underwent RFA (N= 70) or MWA (N= 74) as first-line treatment were included. The overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and local tumor progression (LTP) rates between the two ablation modalities were compared. The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was used to reduce selection bias. Subgroup analysis was performed according to the type of hepatic vessels.ResultsAfter a median follow-up time of 38.2 months, there were no significant differences in OS (5-year OS: RFA 77.7% vs. MWA 74.6%;p= 0.600) and DFS (5-year DFS: RFA 24.7% vs. MWA 40.4%;p= 0.570). However, a significantly higher LTP rate was observed in the RFA group than the MWA group (5-year LTP: RFA 24.3% vs. MWA 8.4%;p= 0.030). IPTW-adjusted analyses revealed similar results. The treatment modality (RFA vs. MWA: HR 7.861, 95% CI 1.642–37.635,p= 0.010) was an independent prognostic factor for LTP. We observed a significant interaction effect of ablation modality and type of peritumoral vessel on LTP (p= 0.034). For patients with periportal HCC, the LTP rate was significantly higher in the RFA group than in the MWA group (p= 0.045). However, this difference was not observed in patients with perivenous HCC (p= 0.116).ConclusionsIn patients with a small single periportal HCC, MWA exhibited better tumor control than RFA.Key Points• Microwave ablation exhibited better local tumor control than radiofrequency ablation for small single periportal hepatocellular carcinoma.• There was a significant interaction between the treatment effect of ablation modality and type of peritumoral vessel on local tumor progression.• The type of peritumoral vessel is vital in choosing ablation modalities for hepatocellular carcinoma.
- Published
- 2021
16. Trans-lymphatic contrast-enhanced ultrasound with sentinel lymph node biopsy for detecting cervical skip metastasis to lymph nodes in early-stage oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma
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Jun-wu Xu, Song Zheng, Song-song Wu, Jian Huang, Zhi-yuan Wu, and Hong Gao
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Sentinel lymph node ,Contrast Media ,Metastasis ,Biopsy ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,General Dentistry ,Lymph node ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ,Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Tongue Neoplasms ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Lymphatic system ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Head and Neck Neoplasms ,Cervical lymph nodes ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Lymph Nodes ,Lymph ,Radiology ,Sentinel Lymph Node ,business ,Research Article ,Contrast-enhanced ultrasound - Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess whether trans-lymphatic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy can be used to assess the status of cervical lymph nodes and skip metastasis in patients with early squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral tongue. Methods: This study included 21 subjects with early oral tongue SCC who received multiple intramucosal peritumoral injections of Sonazoid. CEUS examinations were performed immediately after Sonazoid injection to identify sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). The SLNs were excised for histological examination to determine if the lymph nodes has metastases. Results: Thirty-five SLNs were detected by CEUS after Sonazoid injection in the subjects. SLNs were identified in 20 of the total 21 subjects. Four participants had metastasis to lymph nodes, and one had skip metastasis in level Ⅲ. In one subject, SLNs were successfully detected in level Ⅳ without skip metastasis. Conclusions: Trans-lymphatic CEUS combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy showed high accuracy for evaluating cervical lymph node status. This could be a reliable approach for detecting cervical skip metastases of lymph nodes in early-stage oral cancer patients.
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- 2022
17. Vitamin D Dependent Rickets Type 1A Caused by CYP27B1 Mutation
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Eun Mi Yang, Na Ry Bak, Eun Song Song, and Chan Jong Kim
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology ,business.industry ,Vitamin D-dependent rickets ,Internal medicine ,Mutation (genetic algorithm) ,medicine ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,business ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2019
18. MiR‐34a inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma by directly targeting SATB2
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Jie Gao, Guang-Yan Mao, Qiu-wangyue Sun, Jie Cheng, Song-Song Guo, Wei Deng, Xin Ge, Huai-Qi Li, Yunong Wu, Chenxing Wang, and Jinhai Ye
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Tumor suppressor gene ,Physiology ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Mice, Nude ,Biology ,Metastasis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Western blot ,Cell Movement ,In vivo ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Luciferase ,Cell Proliferation ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ,Cell growth ,Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,In vitro ,Tumor Burden ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,stomatognathic diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,Cell culture ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Mouth Neoplasms ,Signal Transduction ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
In various kinds of carcinomas, the special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) with its atypical expression promotes the metastasis and progression of the tumor, though in the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) its inherent mechanism and the status of SATB2 remain unclear. The role played by the SATB2 expression in the OSCC cell lines and tissue samples in the target of miR-34a downstream is the intended endeavor of this study. In te OSCCs the miR-34a expression was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), while the SATB2 expression in the cell lines and tissue samples in OSCC was analyzed with the q-PCR and the western blot. Studies in both in vitro and in vivo of the effects of miR-34a on the initiation of OSCC were conducted. As a direct target of the miR-34a the SATB2 was verified with the luciferase reporter assay. In cases where the miR-34a levels were low, the SATB2 in OSCCs seemed to be overexpressed. Besides, both in the in vitro and in vivo a suppression of migration, invasion, and cell growth was caused by miR-34a by down regulating the SATB2 expression. The SATB2 being a direct target of miR-34a was confirmed by the cotransfection of miR-34a mimics specifically the decrease in the expression of luciferase of SATB2-3'UTR-wt reporter. As a whole, our study confirmed the inhibition of miR-34a in the invasion, proliferation, and migration of the OSCCs, playing a potential tumor suppressor role with SATB2 as its downstream target.
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- 2019
19. An Optimal Ablative Margin of Small Single Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Image-Guided Percutaneous Thermal Ablation and Local Recurrence Prediction Base on the Ablative Margin: A Multicenter Study
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Xuqi He, Huolin Ye, Qingjing Zeng, Song-Song Wu, Jian-Guo Li, Kai Li, Rongqin Zheng, Chao An, and Feng-Yao Li
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Percutaneous ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,Thermal ablation ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,Nomogram ,ablative margin ,medicine.disease ,prediction model ,thermal ablation ,local tumor progression ,Tumor progression ,Margin (machine learning) ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Ablative case ,Medicine ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma ,Original Research - Abstract
Feng-Yao Li,1,* Jian-Guo Li,2,* Song-Song Wu,3 Huo-Lin Ye,1 Xu-Qi He,1 Qing-Jing Zeng,1 Rong-Qin Zheng,1 Chao An,4 Kai Li1 1Department of Ultrasound, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2The Department of Infectious Disease,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Department of Ultrasonography,Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4Department of Minimal Invasive Intervention, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chao An; Kai Li Tel +862087343272; +862085252010Email anchao@sysucc.org.cn; likai@sysu.edu.cnObjective: To explore the best ablative margin (AM) for single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with image-guided percutaneous thermal ablation (IPTA) based on MRIâMRI fusion imaging, and to develop and validate a local tumor progression (LTP) predictive model based on the recommended AM.Methods: Between March 2014 and August 2019, 444 treatment-naïve patients with single HCC (diameter ⤠3 cm) who underwent IPTA as first-line treatment from three hospitals were included, which were randomly divided into training (n= 296) and validation (n = 148) cohorts. We measured the ablative margin (AM) by MRIâMRI fusion imaging based on pre-ablation and post-ablation images. Then, we followed up their LPT and verified the optimal AM. Risk factors related to LTP were explored through Cox regression models, the nomogram was developed to predict the LTP risk base on the risk factors, and subsequently validated. The predictive performance and discrimination were assessed and compared with conventional indices.Results: The median follow-up was 19.9 months (95% CI 18.0â 21.8) for the entire cohort. The results revealed that the tumor size (HR: 2.16; 95% CI 1.25â 3.72; P = 0.003) and AM (HR: 0.72; 95% CI, 0.61â 0.85; P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors for LTP. The AM had a pronounced nonlinear impact on LTP, and a cut-off value of 5-mm was optimal. We developed and validated an LTP predictive model based on the linear tumor size and nonlinear AM. The model showed good predictive accuracy and discrimination (training set, concordance index [C-index] of 0.751; validation set, C-index of 0.756) and outperformed other conventional indices.Conclusion: The 5-mm AM is recommended for the best IPTA candidates with single HCC (diameter ⤠3 cm). We provided an LTP predictive model that exhibited adequate performance for individualized prediction and risk stratification.Keywords: thermal ablation, hepatocellular carcinoma, ablative margin, local tumor progression, prediction model
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- 2021
20. Emergence of serotype 10A-ST11189 among pediatric invasive pneumococcal diseases, South Korea, 2014-2019
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Hye Kyung Cho, Byung Wook Eun, Eun Young Cho, Hoan Jong Lee, Hwang Min Kim, Su Eun Park, Kyung Hyo Kim, Eun Song Song, Kyuyol Rhie, Taekjin Lee, Chun Soo Kim, Jae Hong Choi, Young Jin Hong, Eun Hwa Choi, Yun Kyung Kim, Ki Wook Yun, Sung Hee Oh, Jin Han Kang, Nam Hee Kim, Joon Kee Lee, Jina Lee, Dae Sun Jo, Jong Gyun Ahn, Chi Eun Oh, Hyunju Lee, and Yae Jean Kim
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Serotype ,Pneumococcal disease ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Antimicrobial susceptibility ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Serogroup ,Virology ,Pneumococcal Infections ,Multiple drug resistance ,Pneumococcal Vaccines ,Infectious Diseases ,Streptococcus pneumoniae ,Genotype ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Molecular Medicine ,Multilocus sequence typing ,Humans ,Child - Abstract
Replacement with nonvaccine serotypes (NVTs) among invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs) after the introduction of extended-valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccines varies in predominant serotypes across countries. This study analyzed changes in serotype distribution through serotyping, multilocus sequence typing, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 168 pediatric IPD isolates obtained from a multihospital-based surveillance system during 2014-2019 in South Korea. Vaccine serotypes (VTs) accounted for 16.1% (19A, 10.1%; 6A, 1.8%; and 19F 1.8%), 82.1% were NVTs (10A, 23.8%; 15A, 8.3%; 12F, 6.5%; 15C, 6.5%; and 15B, 6.0%), and three (1.8%) were nontypeable. Serotype 10A was the most common serotype, with a significant increase from 11.5% in 2014 to 33.3% in 2019 (p < 0.05 for the trend). Other NVTs decreased from 70.4% to 41.7% between 2015 and 2019, most notably in serotype 12F (from 14.8% to 0%). Almost all (95.0%) serotype 10A isolates were ST11189, which were multidrug resistant.
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- 2021
21. A study to examine the uses of personal strength in relation to mental health recovery in adults with serious mental illnesses: a research protocol
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Huiting Xie, Peng Yuan, Song Song Cui, and Melissa Sng Siok Yen
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Medicine ,Mental healing ,RZ400-408 - Abstract
This study will explore the relationships among strengths self-efficacy, resourcefulness, stigma experience and mental health recovery in community-dwelling adults with serious mental illnesses. Mental health practices have focued on psychopathphysiology. Stigma heavily plagued clients with mental illnesses and is one of the greatest barriers to mental health recovery. Personal strengths like strengths self-efficacy, people’s confidence in using their personal strengths, and resourcefulness, the ability to carry out daily activities, have been linked to positive mental health. However, the linkage between strengths self-efficacy, resourcefulness and mental health recovery remains uncharted. A cross-sectional, descriptive, mixed methods study will be conducted. A funded study by the Sigma Theta Tau, Upsilon Eta Chapter, August 2013, involving a convenience sample of 100 participants is planned. Included are community dwelling adults between 21 to 65 years old having been diagnosed with serious mental illnesses. Clients with current co-occurring substance abuse will be excluded. Participants complete questionnaires and undergo an interview. Correlations among the study variables will be examined. Regression analysis will determine if recovery can be predicted by strengths self-efficacy, resourcefulness and stigma experience. Interview data will be transcribed and analyzed by thematic analysis. This study will look beyond clients’ disability to focus on their recovery and healing capacities such as strengths self-efficacy and resourcefulness. Findings will expand our knowledge about mental health recovery. Knowledge gained from this study may pave the way for future nursing strategies to aid recovery and inform the development of positive, strengths-based interventions.
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- 2015
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22. The Traumatic Experience of Clinical Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Which Factors are Related to Post-Traumatic Growth?
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Song Song Shi, Xin Tong Zhang, Yu Qin Ren, and Li Wang
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Coping (psychology) ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,nurse ,Disease ,influencing factors ,03 medical and health sciences ,Social support ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pandemic ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Original Research ,Risk Management and Healthcare Policy ,Univariate analysis ,business.industry ,030503 health policy & services ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,COVID-19 ,Mental health ,post-traumatic growth ,psychological impact ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Clinical psychology ,Clinical nursing - Abstract
Xin Tong Zhang,* Song Song Shi,* Yu Qin Ren, Li Wang Department of Emergency, Nantong First People’s Hospital, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yu Qin RenDepartment of Emergency, Nantong First People’s Hospital, No. 6 of Haierxiang North Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 15962956088Email renyuqindr@21cn.comObjective: Post-traumatic growth (PTG) is a positive result of fighting against traumatic events. This study aimed to investigate the current status of PTG of clinical nurses and analyze its influencing factors.Methods: A total of 1790 nurses participated in the study and completed the questionnaire. Demographic data and related scales of PTG, post-traumatic stress disorder, coping style, social support, and self-efficacy were collected online. Through univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis, the related influencing factors were studied.Results: The total score of PTG of 1790 nurses was 67.17 ± 14.79. The analysis revealed that good social support and self-efficacy were important factors to improve the level of PTG of clinical nurses, while bad psychological state and working for many years were the negative factors of PTG.Conclusion: Good social support and self-efficacy can help clinical nurses cope with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and accept the disease’s challenges. If these factors can be considered in clinical practice, this will help promote clinical nurses’ mental health.Keywords: COVID-19, post-traumatic growth, psychological impact, nurse, influencing factors
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- 2021
23. Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell-Derived HMGB1 Facilitates Monocyte Adhesion and Transmigration to Promote JEV Neuroinvasion
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Song-Song Zou, Qing-Cui Zou, Wen-Jing Xiong, Ning-Yi Cui, Ke Wang, Hao-Xuan Liu, Wen-Juan Lou, Doaa Higazy, Ya-Ge Zhang, and Min Cui
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Microbiology (medical) ,Endothelium ,viruses ,Immunology ,chemical and pharmacologic phenomena ,Biology ,Microbiology ,neuroinvasion ,Virus ,Monocytes ,Cellular and Infection Microbiology ,Immune system ,Cell Movement ,medicine ,Cell Adhesion ,Animals ,HMGB1 Protein ,Cell adhesion ,Encephalitis, Japanese ,transmigration ,Original Research ,HMGB1 ,Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ,Cell adhesion molecule ,Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) ,Monocyte ,Brain ,Endothelial Cells ,Japanese encephalitis ,Virus Internalization ,medicine.disease ,QR1-502 ,Cell biology ,Endothelial stem cell ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,adhesion ,Disease Models, Animal ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,monocyte ,Female - Abstract
Infection with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) induces high morbidity and mortality, including potentially permanent neurological sequelae. However, the mechanisms by which viruses cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and invade into the central nervous system (CNS) remain unclear. Here, we show that extracellular HMGB1 facilitates immune cell transmigration. Furthermore, the migration of immune cells into the CNS dramatically increases during JEV infection which may enhance viral clearance, but paradoxically expedite the onset of Japanese encephalitis (JE). In this study, brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were utilized for the detection of HMGB1 release, and leucocyte, adhesion, and the integrity of the BBB in vitro. Genetically modified JEV-expressing EGFP (EGFP-JEV) and the BBB model were established to trace JEV-infected immune cell transmigration, which mimics the process of viral neuroinfection. We find that JEV causes HMGB1 release from BMECs while increasing adhesion molecules. Recombinant HMGB1 enhances leukocyte-endothelium adhesion, facilitating JEV-infected monocyte transmigration across endothelia. Thus, JEV successfully utilizes infected monocytes to spread into the brain, expanding inside of the brain, and leading to the acceleration of JE onset, which was facilitated by HMGB1. HMGB1-promoted monocyte transmigration may represent the mechanism of JEV neuroinvasion, revealing potential therapeutic targets.
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- 2021
24. N-doped porous carbons derived from a polymer precursor with a record-high N content: Efficient adsorbents for CO2 capture
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Xiao-Qin Liu, Song-Song Peng, Xin Liu, Ding-Ming Xue, Guo-Xing Yu, An-Zhong Peng, Shi-Chao Qi, and Lin-Bing Sun
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Carbonization ,General Chemical Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Polymerization ,medicine ,Environmental Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Zeolite ,Porosity ,Mesitylene ,Carbon ,Activated carbon ,medicine.drug - Abstract
N-doped porous carbons (NPCs) are characterized by well-developed porosity and N-doped active sites, which makes them suitable for CO2 capture. However, their application in practice is obstructed by the relatively low N-doped content and unsatisfactory adsorption capacity. Herein, we report the synthesis of NPCs through the rational design of the precursor NUT-21 (NUT means Nanjing Tech University) with a record-high N content (up to 46.16%, wt). The NUT-21 was fabricated by the polymerization of two simple monomers of 2,4,6-tris(bromomethyl)mesitylene and 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole with an unusually high N content of 70.67% (wt). With the carbonization of NUT-21 at different temperatures (500, 600, and 700 °C, respectively), a series of NPCs possessing various porosity and N contents are produced, successfully. For the NPC generated at 600 °C, the N content can reach 7.41% (wt), the surface area is 2208 m2/g, the micropore volume is 0.791 cm3/g, and the CO2 capacity is up to 8.3 mmol/g at 273 K and 1 bar, which is much higher than those of benchmarks including 13X zeolite (4.1 mmol/g) and activated carbon (2.8 mmol/g), and most carbon-based adsorbents reported till now. It was proved in our previous studies that the ultrahigh N content of the precursor was beneficial for both the formation of developed porosity and the generation of abundant N-doped sites, which can give rise to superior capacity and selectivity of CO2 capture. The NPCs obtained may offer to be highly promising candidates for CO2 separation from gas mixtures including natural gas and flue gas.
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- 2019
25. Fabrication of N-doped porous carbons for enhanced CO2 capture: Rational design of an ammoniated polymer precursor
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Shi-Chao Qi, An-Zhong Peng, Song-Song Peng, Xin Liu, Xiao-Qin Liu, Lin-Bing Sun, Ding-Ming Xue, and Guo-Xing Yu
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Carbonization ,General Chemical Engineering ,Ethylenediamine ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Polymerization ,Chemical engineering ,medicine ,Environmental Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Porosity ,Mesitylene ,Activated carbon ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Because of their high stability, abundant porosity, and tailorable surface properties, N-doped porous carbons (NPCs) have played a crucial part in CO2 capture. Development of an efficient and low-cost method to fabricate NPCs remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report for the first time the preparation of NPCs through the rational design of the N-enriched polymer NUT-20-EDA (NUT, Nanjing Tech University; EDA, ethylenediamine) as the precursor. The NUT-20-EDA was obtained by polymerization of two simple monomers of mesitylene and formaldehyde dimethyl acetal, followed by post-synthetic ammonification. Through carbonization at temperatures ranging from 600 °C to 800 °C, NPCs with different porosity and N contents are fabricated, successfully. The reference porous carbons (rPCs) are also synthesized based on the polymer NUT-20 without post-synthetic ammonification. For the representative sample generated at 700 °C (NPC-700), the surface area is up to 1852 m2/g, which is much larger than its counterpart rPC-700 (1324 m2/g). Moreover, the CO2 uptake of NPC-700 (7.1 mmol/g at 0 °C and 1 bar) is higher than that of rPC-700 (5.9 mmol/g), and also superior to those of many benchmarks reported, including 13X zeolite (4.1 mmol/g) and activated carbon (2.8 mmol/g). Therefore, it is proved that, as a pore-foaming agent during the carbonization, the amino groups incorporated play a significant role in the formation of abundant porosity of the NPCs, which is one of the crucial factors for CO2 adsorption, and the N-species doped in NPCs can work as the CO2-philic sites to enhance the CO2 capture.
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- 2019
26. Reactive oxygen species‐mediated<scp>BIN</scp>2 activity revealed by single‐molecule analysis
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Xuelu Wang, Haijiao Wang, Mengyuan Sun, Song Song, Jie Tang, Yan-Wen Tan, and Binglian Zheng
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Physiology ,Arabidopsis ,Plant Science ,medicine.disease_cause ,Models, Biological ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,medicine ,Brassinosteroid ,Arabidopsis thaliana ,Cysteine ,Phosphorylation ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,Mutation ,biology ,Arabidopsis Proteins ,Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Single Molecule Imaging ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Oxygen ,030104 developmental biology ,Biophysics ,Plant hormone ,Signal transduction ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Protein Kinases ,Protein Binding ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Much evidence has shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate several plant hormone signaling cascades, but little is known about the real-time kinetics and the underlying molecular mechanisms of the target proteins in the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway. In this study, we used single-molecule techniques to investigate the true signaling timescales of the major BR signaling components BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1 (BES1) and BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 2 (BIN2) of Arabidopsis thaliana. The rate constants of BIN2 associating with ATP and phosphorylating BES1 were determined to be 0.7 ± 0.4 mM-1 s-1 and 2.3 ± 1.4 s-1 , respectively. Interestingly, we found that the interaction of BIN2 and BES1 was oxygen-dependent, and oxygen can directly modify BIN2. The activity of BIN2 was switched on via modification of specific cysteine (Cys) residues, including C59, C95, C99 and C162. The mutation of these Cys residues inhibited the BR signaling outputs. These findings demonstrate the power of using single-molecule techniques to study the dynamic interactions of signaling components, which is difficult to be discovered by conventional physiological and biochemical methods.
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- 2019
27. Isolation and Genome Phylogenetic Analysis of Arthropod-Borne Viruses, Including Akabane Virus, from Mosquitoes Collected in Hunan Province, China
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Yuxi Cao, Hong Zhang, Guodong Liang, Shihong Fu, Lidong Gao, Minghua Li, Song Song, Ying He, Lei Cao, Liang Cai, Xiaoyan Gao, and Huanyu Wang
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0301 basic medicine ,China ,Veterinary medicine ,Aedes albopictus ,030231 tropical medicine ,ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species ,Mosquito Vectors ,Microbiology ,Cell Line ,Anopheles sinensis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Species Specificity ,Common species ,Cricetinae ,Virology ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Animals ,Phylogeny ,biology ,ved/biology ,Akabane virus ,fungi ,Culex modestus ,030108 mycology & parasitology ,Japanese encephalitis ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Culex tritaeniorhynchus ,Culex quinquefasciatus ,Culicidae ,Infectious Diseases ,Viruses ,RNA, Viral - Abstract
This study investigated the abundance of mosquitoes and circulation of mosquito-borne arboviruses from 16 villages in 8 cities of Hunan Province, China, in July-August of 2010 and in August of 2011. In total, 16,076 mosquitoes consisting of seven species from four genera were collected by ultraviolet-light trap. Culex quinquefasciatus was the most common species, accounting for 50.63% (8140/16,076) of the total. Anopheles sinensis (24.26%, 3900/16,076) made up the second most common species, followed by Culex tritaeniorhynchus (9.76%, 1569/16,076). The proportions of Culex pipiens pallens, Armigeres subalbatus, and Culex modestus were 6.7%, 5.2%, and 3.31%, respectively. Fourteen Aedes albopictus were detected. The mosquitoes were identified by morphologic characteristics and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The mosquitoes were pooled, triturated, and centrifuged. The clarified supernatant was used to inoculate monolayers of C6/36 and baby hamster kidney-21 cells. We obtained six virus isolates that caused cytopathic effects. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that two isolates were Akabane virus (AKAV, from A. sinensis and C. quinquefasciatus), two isolates were Japanese encephalitis virus (from C. pipiens pallens and C. quinquefasciatus), and two isolates were Tibet orbivirus (from C. quinquefasciatus and C. tritaeniorhynchus). This is the first report of AKAV isolated from A. sinensis and C. quinquefasciatus in nature in China. The detection of AKAV in these species confirms circulation of AKAV in Hunan province and suggests potential challenges to the prevention and control of arthropod-borne animal viruses in mainland China.
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- 2019
28. GhGASA10-1 promotes the cell and fiber elongation through the phytohormones IAA-induced
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Yaru Sun, Pan Zhao'e, Ning Qin, Guoyong Fu, Baojun Chen, He Shoupu, Mian Faisal Nazir, Hongge Li, Zailong Tian, Wang Xiaoyang, Yuchen Miao, Xinxin Pei, Song Song, and Du Xiongming
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Fiber elongation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Chemistry ,Cell ,Biophysics ,medicine - Abstract
Background: Cotton is an important cash crop. The fiber length has always been a hot spot, but multi-factor control of fiber quality makes it complex to understand its genetic basis. Previous reports suggested that OsGASR9 promotes germination, width, and thickness by GAs in rice, while the overexpression of AtGASA10 lead to a reduction in silique length, which is likely to reduce cell wall expansion. Therefore, this study aimed to explore function of GhGASA10 in cotton fibers development.Results: To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying fiber elongation regulation concerning GhGASA10-1, we revealed an evolutionary basis, gene structure, and expression. Our results emphasized the conservative nature of GASA family with its origin in lower fern plants S. moellendorffii. GhGASA10-1 was localized in the cell membrane, which may synthesize and transport secreted protein to the cell wall. Besides, GhGASA10-1 promoted seedling germination and root extension in transgenic Arabidopsis, indicating that GhGASA10-1 promotes cell elongation. Interestingly, GhGASA10-1 was upregulated by IAA at fiber elongation stages. Conclusion: We propose that GhGASA10-1 promotes fiber elongation by regulating the synthesis of cellulose induced by IAA, to lay the foundation for future research on the regulation network of GASA10-1 in cotton fiber development.
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- 2021
29. GhGASA10-1 promotes the cell elongation in fiber development through the phytohormones IAA-induced
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Guoyong Fu, Zhaoe Pan, Xiaoyang Wang, Baojun Chen, Mian Faisal Nazir, Hongge Li, Ning Qin, Shoupu He, Xiongming Du, Yaru Sun, Jiandong Shang, Xinxin Pei, Zailong Tian, Song Song, and Yuchen Miao
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Crops, Agricultural ,GASA ,Genotype ,Transgene ,Plant Science ,Genes, Plant ,Cell elongation ,Cell wall ,Cell membrane ,Plant Growth Regulators ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Arabidopsis ,medicine ,Morphogenesis ,CesAs ,Fiber ,Cotton Fiber ,Cell Proliferation ,Gossypium ,biology ,Indoleacetic Acids ,IAA ,Research ,Botany ,Genetic Variation ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Seedling ,QK1-989 ,Silique ,Function (biology) - Abstract
Background Cotton is an important cash crop. The fiber length has always been a hot spot, but multi-factor control of fiber quality makes it complex to understand its genetic basis. Previous reports suggested that OsGASR9 promotes germination, width, and thickness by GAs in rice, while the overexpression of AtGASA10 leads to reduced silique length, which is likely to reduce cell wall expansion. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the function of GhGASA10 in cotton fibers development. Results To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying fiber elongation regulation concerning GhGASA10–1, we revealed an evolutionary basis, gene structure, and expression. Our results emphasized the conservative nature of GASA family with its origin in lower fern plants S. moellendorffii. GhGASA10–1 was localized in the cell membrane, which may synthesize and transport secreted proteins to the cell wall. Besides, GhGASA10–1 promoted seedling germination and root extension in transgenic Arabidopsis, indicating that GhGASA10–1 promotes cell elongation. Interestingly, GhGASA10–1 was upregulated by IAA at fiber elongation stages. Conclusion We propose that GhGASA10–1 may promote fiber elongation by regulating the synthesis of cellulose induced by IAA, to lay the foundation for future research on the regulation networks of GASA10–1 in cotton fiber development.
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- 2021
30. Evaluation of autofluorescence visualization system in the delineation of oral squamous cell carcinoma surgical margins
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Chen-xing Hou, Yu-ting Tang, Zheng-Yao Cao, Yi-Zhou Wang, Song-Song Guo, Wei Han, Chenxing Wang, Ying Meng, Li-Fan Sun, Tianzhu Zhang, Huai-Qi Li, Jinhai Ye, and Qing-hai Zhu
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Mild Dysplasia ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Surgical margin ,Biophysics ,H&E stain ,Vimentin ,Dermatology ,Lesion ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Photosensitizing Agents ,biology ,business.industry ,Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ,Margins of Excision ,Staining ,Autofluorescence ,Oncology ,Photochemotherapy ,Head and Neck Neoplasms ,biology.protein ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Immunohistochemistry ,Mouth Neoplasms ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Delineating the margins of Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a critical step for optimaltumor resection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of lesion surgical margin identification using autofluorescence visualization.Thirty patients with OSCC were included in this study. For each lesion, the fluorescence loss boundary was determined using VELscope before ablative surgical resection (with a 1.5-2cm safety margin) was performed. A total of 126 samples were obtained from 30 surgical specimens, each containing the tissue from the fluorescence loss boundary to surgical margin. The status of each sample was determined by oral pathologists and the staining intensities of Ki-67, E-cadherin, and Vimentin at the fluorescence loss boundary and surgical margin were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Fluorescence loss regions were identified in all patients. Of the 126 samples collected, HE staining identified 77 normal epithelia (61.1%), 26 mild dysplasia (20.6%), 17 severe dysplasia (13.4%) and 6 carcinomas in situ (4.9%). A significant correlation was found between the differentiation grade of tumor cells and the pathological status of the surgical marginal specimens (P0.05). Forty-two of the 126 samples were randomly selected for further immunohistochemical staining. No significant differences were seen in Ki-67, E-cadherin, or Vimentin expression at the fluorescence loss boundary or surgical margin, however, the proteins' expression level was positively correlated with the degree of dysplasia (P0.01).Autofluorescence visualization has potential as a simple surgical margin setting device for OSCC and may help delineate the superficial area of OSCC with acceptable accuracy. However, when considering the inherent limitations of this system, we suggest that the approach should only be applied under certain conditions, such as when dealing with superficial, well-differentiated lesions.
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- 2021
31. Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
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Naomi Jane Wright, Andrew J.M. Leather, Niyi Ade-Ajayi, Nick Sevdalis, Justine Davies, Dan Poenaru, Emmanuel Ameh, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Kokila Lakhoo, Emily Rose Smith, Abdel Douiri, Maria Elstad, Marcus Sim, Cristiana Riboni, Bruno Martinez-Leo, Melika Akhbari, Stephen Tabiri, Ashrarur Mitul, Dayang Anita Abdul Aziz, Camila Fachin, Alliance Niyukuri, Muhammad Arshad, Fowzia Ibrahim, Natalie Moitt, Mohamed Fahmy Doheim, Hannah Thompson, Harmony Ubhi, Isabelle Williams, Sophia Hashim, Godfrey Sama Philipo, Laura Herrera, Aayenah Yunus, Dominique Vervoort, Samuel Parker, Yousra-Imane Benaskeur, Osaid H. Alser, Nana Adofo-Ansong, Ahmad Alhamid, Hosni khairy Salem, Mahmoud Saleh, Safa Abdal Elrais, Sadi Abukhalaf, Patricia Shinondo, Ibrahim Nour, Emrah Aydin, Agota Vaitkiene, Kelly Naranjo, Andile Maqhawe Dube, Sodumisa Ngwenya, Mina A. Yacoub, Henang Kwasau, Gabriella Hyman, Shrouk Mahmoud Elghazaly, Ibrahim Al-Slaibi, Intisar Hisham, Helena Franco, Hana Arbab, Lubna Samad, Aqil Soomro, Muhammad Amjad Chaudhry, Safina Karim, Muhammad Adnan Khan Khattak, Shireen Anne Nah, Doris Mae Dimatatac, Candy SC Choo, Niveshni Maistry, Ashrarur Rahman Mitul, Samiul Hasan, Sabbir Karim, Hina Yousuf, Taimur Qureshi, Ibrahim Rabi Nour, Raed Nael Al-Taher, Osama Abdul Kareem Sarhan, Luis Garcia-Aparicio, Jordi Prat, Eva Blazquez-Gomez, Xavier Tarrado, Martí Iriondo, Paolo Bragagnini, Segundo Rite, Lars Hagander, Emma Svensson, Sheila Owusu, Alhassan Abdul-Mumin, Dominic Bagbio, Vijay Anand Ismavel, Ann Miriam, Shajin T, Marlene Anaya Dominguez, Monica Ivanov, Andreea Madalina Serban, Miliard Derbew, Mahmoud Elfiky, Maricarmen Olivos Perez, Marcia Abrunhosa Matias, Alexis P Arnaud, Ahmed Negida, Sebastian King, Mohamad Rafi Fazli, Nadia Hamidi, Souhem Touabti, Rossana Francisco Chipalavela, Pablo Lobos, Brendan Jones, Damir Ljuhar, Georg Singer, Annelien Cordonnier, Lorena Jáuregui, Zlatan Zvizdic, Janice Wong, Etienne St-Louis, Qiang Shu, Yang Lui, Catalina Correa, Lucie Pos, Elvyn Alcántara, Erick Féliz, Luis Enrique Zea-Salazar, Liza Ali, Matthieu Peycelon, Nzanzu Kipata Anatole, Cherno S. Jallow, Judith Lindert, Dhruv Ghosh, Cathline Freya Adhiwidjaja, Ahmad Khaleghnejad Tabari, Saran Lotfollahzadeh, Haidar Mohammad Mussein, Fabrizio Vatta, Noemi Pasqua, David Kihiko, Hetal Gohil, Ibrahim R. Nour, Muhammed Elhadi, Suad Ahmed Almada, Gilvydas Verkauskas, Toni Risteski, Alejandro Peñarrieta Daher, Oumaima Outani, James Hamill, Taiwo Lawal, Jack Mulu, Benjamin Yapo, Lily Saldaña, Beda Espineda, Krystian Toczewski, Eugene Tuyishime, Isaac Ndayishimiye, Enaam Raboe, Philip Hammond, Gregor Walker, Ivona Djordjevic, Milind Chitnis, Joonhyuk Son, Sanghoon Lee, Muaad Hussien, Sawazen Malik, Enas Musa Ismail, Ampaipan Boonthai, Nesrine Ben Hadj Dahman, Nigel Hall, Fabiola Ruth Castedo Camacho, Helena Sobrero, Marilyn Butler, Aliev Makhmud, Nathan Novotny, Ahmad G. Hammouri, Maisara Al-Rayyes, Bruce Bvulani, Qais Muraveji, Muhammad Yousuf Murzaie, Ajmal Sherzad, Sayed Aman Haidari, Abdul Baqi Monawar, Dr. Ahmad Zia Samadi, Jesh Thiessen, Ntakarutimana Venant, Sonia Inamuco Hospital, Niyonkuru Jérémie, Jean Claude Mbonicura, Butoyi Jean Marie Vianney, Amezene Tadesse, Samuel Negash, Charles A. Roberts, John N. Jabang, Abdoulie Bah, Kajali Camamra, Armandou Correa, Babucarr Sowe, A. Gai, Musa Jaiteh, Kwizera Jean Raymond, Jean Paul Mvukiyehe, Innocent Itangishaka, Emmanuel Kayibanda, Emery Manirambona, Joseph Lule, Ainhoa Costas-Chavarri, Ian Shyaka Gashugi, Albert Ndata, Georges Gasana, Yves Castar Nezerwa, Turatsinze Simeon, Jean De Dieu Muragijimana, Sakina Rashid, David Msuya, Joseph Elisante, Meghna Solanki, Emmanuel Manjira, Jay Lodhia, Mubashir Jusabani, Murad Tarmohamed, Sengua Koipapi, Touabti Souhem, Nabti Sara, Brahimi Sihem, Bouguermouh Dania, Iaiche Achour Toufik, Baghdadi Nour el islam Mounira, Alouani Habiba, Liliana Aragão, Victor Gonçalves, Marcelo Mauricio Lino Urquizo, Maria Florencia Varela, Pedro Mercado, Bonavia Horacio, Andrea Damiani, Carlos Mac, Daniel Putruele, Karen Liljesthrom, Marianela Bernaus, Cesar Jauri, Alejandrina Cripovich, Ezequiel Bianchin, Maria Gabriela Puig, Lorna Andreussi, Susana Iracelay, Dolores Marcos, Carina Herrera, Nelly Palacios, Romina Avile, Belen Serezo, Debora Montoya, Rodrigo Cepeda, Justo Vaquila, Sofficci Veronica, Liliana Pardo, Pelussi Valeria, Lapalma Julio, Aranda Diego Martin, Palazzi Lucio, Comba Gabriel, Depetrini Marianella, José Alfredo Calderón Arancibia, Enrique Huespe, Gabriela Natalia Losa, Elsa Arancibia Gutiérrez, Humberto Scherl, Daniel Emilio Gonzalez, Valentina Baistrocchi, Yanina Silva, Marcelo Galdeano, Pablo Medard, Ines Sueiras, Enrique Romero Manteola, Victor Hugo Defago, Carlos Mieres, Carlos Alberto, Fabio Cornelli, Marcelo Molina, Pablo Ravetta, Celeste Carolina Patiño Gonzalez, Maria Belen Dallegre, Maria Tatiana Szklarz, Marcos Federico Leyba, Nahuel Ignacio Rivarola, Maria Delia Charras, Adriana Morales, Paloma Caseb, Luzia Toselli, Carolina Millán, Maria del Carmen Junes, Oscar Di Siervi, Jose Gilardi, Soledad Simon, Carla Sofia Contreras, Nair Rojas, Lucia Beatriz Arnoletto, Otilia Eva Blain, Mauro Nicolas Bravo, Nancy Sanchez, Luciana Martina Herrera Pesara, Maria Eugenia Moreno, Carlos Ariel Sferco, Umama Huq, Tamanna Ferdousi, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Sadia Sultana, Refoyez Mahmud, Khalid Mahmud, Fatema Sayeed, Alexander Svirsky, Denisse Sempertegui, Amalia Negrete, Araceli Teran, Mariana Sadagurschi, Nusret Popovic, Kenan Karavdic, Emir Milisic, Asmir Jonuzi, Amira Mesic, Sabina Terzic, Nejra Dendusic, Elna Biber, Anesa Sehic, Nada Zvizdic, Emina Letic, Adna Saracevic, Ajla Hamidovic, Nejra Selak, Dzan Horozic, Lamija Hukic, Amila Muhic, Nedim Vanis, Emir Sokolovic, Adnan Sabic, Karin Becker, Elis Novochadlo Klüppel, André Iván Bradley dos Santos Dias, Miguel Angelo Agulham, Cristiano Bischoff, Stella Sabbatini, Rachel Fernandes de Souza, Ana Beatriz Souza Machado, Juliana Werneck Raposo, Maria Lucia da Silva Augusto, Bianca M.R. Martins, Mariana de Souza Santos Ferreira, Darli Fernandes de Oliveira, Carla Silva dos Santos, Fernanda Ribeiro de Fernández y Alcázar, Érika Alves Dutra da Silva, Mariana Furtado, Horácio Tamada, Marília Silva Ferreira dos Santos, Thayná Lopes de Almeida, Susy Oliveira de Andrade, Antonio Cipriano Gurgel do Amaral, Lais Sartori Giovanoni, Kamila de Deus Passos Leles, Eduardo Corrêa Costa, Leticia Feldens, Luciano Ferraz Schopf, José Carlos Soares de Fraga, Felipe Colombo de Holanda, Paola Maria Brolin Santis Isolan, Julia Loyola Ferreira, Carla Luisa Bruxel, Danielle Lopes Teixeira Ferdinando, Fabricio Zottis Barcelos, Natalia Baseggio, Nicole Knorr Brenner, Rafael Trindade Deyl, Carolina Dure, Iuri Nunes Kist, Rafael Bueno Mazzuca, Sarah Bueno Motter, Yna Ramos, Cristine Suzana Trein, Bianca Rezende Rosa, Murilo de Assis Silva, Flavio Augusto Menin, Isabela Cristina Semensato Carloni, Juliana Antinarelli Norberto da Silva, Adriano Luis Gomes, Mariana Girão Tauffer, Paulo César Bassan Gonçalves, Geraldo Magela Nogueira Marques, Eliane Moriya, Carla Labonia, Ana Lucia Carrasco, Karine Furtado Meyer, Luiz Farion-Aguiar, Fernando Amado, Amanda Antunes, Elisângela Silva, Leila Telles, Giovana Almeida, Aluísio Augusto Belmino Gadelha, Flavia de Azevedo Belesa, Acimar Gonçalves da Cunha, Jr, Beatriz Souza Barros, Josiane Bernartt Zanellato, Patricia Guimarães, Karina Ilheu da Silva, Bianca Ribas, Cristina Reuter, Francis Tanise Casado, Mila Torii Correa Leite, Daniela Testoni, Ruth Guinsburg, Simone de Campos Vieira Abib, Edson Khodor Cury, Suely Dornellas do Nascimento, Arthur Almeida Aguiar, Rodrigo Melo Gallindo, Carolina Gonçalves Borges, Yang Liu, Cai Duote, Jinhu Wang, Zhigang Gao, Liang Liang, Wenjuan Luo, Xiaoxia Zhao, Rui Chen, Peng Wang, Yijiang Han, Ting Huang, Hu Donglai, Guo Xiaodong, Chen Junjie, Libin Zhu, Guowei Wu, Xiaozhou Bao, Haijing Li, Junying Lv, Zhongrong Li, Feng Yong, Zhou Chong Gao, Qiang Bai, Weibing Tang, Hua Xie, Jethishka Motee, Jianming Zhu, Gang Wen, Weiwei Ruan, Shungen Li, Lulu Chen, Shungen Huang, Zhibao Lv, Jinjing Lu, Liuming Huang, Mengnan Yu, Wang Dajia, Yu Zuo Bai, Luis Carlos Rincon, Juliana Mancera, Edgar Alzate Gallego, Laura Torres-Canchala, Nathalia Silva Beltrán, Ghordana Osorio Fory, Daniela Castaño Avila, Angelica Maria Forero Ladino, Juanita Gomez, Martha Jaramillo, Otto Morales, Beatriz Sanchez, Nestor Julien Tinoco Guzmán, Sergio Castañeda Espinosa, Osbaldo Prieto Vargas, Lina Maria Pardo, Eliana Toral, Freud Cáceres Aucatoma, Daniel Hinostroza, Santiago Valencia, Vicente Salinas, Enrique Landivar Cino, Gabriela Yulissa Ponce Fajardo, Miguel Astudillo, Virginia Garcia, Guillermo Muñoz, Leonardo Verduga, Ivan Verduga, Ericka Murillo, Elena Bucaram, Marisol Guayelema, Monica Marmol, Janina Sanchez, Carolina Vergara, Adriana Mena, Junior Velaña, Karla Salazar, Sandra Lara, Elena Chiriboga, Julian Silva, Dalia Gad, Doaa Samy, Menan Ahmed Elsadek, Hanan Mahmoud Mohammed, Mohamed Abouheba, Karim Osamy Ali, Hayssam Rashwan, Omar Moustafa Fawzy, Tarek mohamed Kamel, Rawan Nemer, Mohamed Abada Hassan, Eyad Hassan Falah, Dina Sobhy Abdelhady, Mostafa Zain, Eman Abouzeid Abouzeid Ibrahim, Omar Ossama Elsiraffy, Ahmed Aboelela, Eman mohamed Farag, Ahmed Mohamed Oshiba, Omar Sameh Emam, Alaa Mobarak Attia, Moustafa A. Laymouna, Islam Abdelmonem Ghorab, Mansour Mkayed Mohammed, Nourhan Akram Soliman, Khaled Abd elrahman Ghaly, Kareem Sadek, Mohamed Elsherbiny, Amr Saleh, Hesham Sheir, Tamer Wafa, Mohamed Abd Elmenam, Sherif Abdelmaksoud, Ahmed Reda, Islam Mansour, Mohamed Elzohiri, Basma Waseem, Mohamed Elewaily, Mohammed El-Ghazaly, Ahmad Elhattab, Amr Shalaby, Adham Elsaied, Ahmad Adawy, Mirna Sadek, Mahmoud Abdelfattah Ahmed, Mohamed Omar Herdan, Gena Mohamed Hamed Elassall, Azhar Arabi Mohammed, Mohammed Hamada Takrouney, Tarek Mohamed Essa, Ahmed Mokhtar Mahmoud, Alshaimaa M. Saad, Mariam Albatoul Nageh Fouly, Mahmoud abdelshakour Ibrahim, Mohammad Nageh, Mahmoud M. Saad, Helmy Badr, Mohamed Fayez Fouda, Ahmed Hassan Nofal, Hisham Almohamady, Mohamed Ahmed Arafa, Mohamed Amad, Mohamed Awad Mansour, Jennifer O'Connor, Zachary O'Connor, Nzanzu Anatole, Elysé Nkunzimana, Solomon Machemedze, Lemfuka Dieudonné, William Appeadu-Mensah, Theophilus Teddy Kojo Anyomih, Priscilla Alhassan, Francis A. Abantanga, Vishal Michael, Roshine Mary Koshy, Ankit Raj, Vijay Kumar, Sundeep PT, P Santosh Prabhu, Armin Vosoughi, Ali Farooq Al-Mayoof, Muhamed Jassim Fadhle, Ali Egab Joda, Hayder Nadhim Obaid Algabri, Sultan S. Abdelhamid, Hashem M. Al-Momani, Marzouq Amarin, Louay Y. Zaghlol, Nijmeh Nasser Alsaadi, Yasmeen Z. Qwaider, Hibah Qutishat, Ahmad Hasan Aliwisat, Esraa Arabiat, Isam Bsisu, Raghad M. Murshidi, Mohammad S. Jabaiti, Ziad A. Bataineh, Husam Aldean Abuhayyeh, Thekraiat M. Al Quran, Faris J. Abu Za'nouneh, Mohanad Mutasem Alebbini, Hamzah Abullah Qudah, Omar Ghazi Hussein, Amir M.I. Murad, Justin Z. Amarin, Haya H. Suradi, Sayel H. Alzraikat, Rand Y. Omari, Bashar M. Matour, Layana Al-Halbouni, Rajai O. Zurikat, Ahmad H. Yanis, Sara Al Hussein, Ali Shoubaki, Waleed H. Ghanem, Kuria David, Soita Wycliffe Chitiavi, Moraa Mose, Robert Mugo, James Ndungu, Timothy Mwai, Swaleh Shahbal, Janan Malik, Nirav Chauhan, Francisa Syovata, Kevin Ochieng, Polycarp Omendo Liyenzero, Syeda Ra'ana Hussain, Stanley Mugambi, Roseline Ochieng, Ebtesam Othman Abdulsalam Elkhazmi, Ala Khaled, Aya Albozidi, Manal Ben Enbaya, Mala Elgammudi, Enas Soula, Wegden ibrahim almabrouk Khalel, Yasmine Ali Elhajjaji, Nouriyah Ali Alwaggaa, Sumayyah Ghayth, Dafer abdulhakim .S. Zreeg, Sara Abobaker Tantush, Fatma Bibas, Tesneem Layas, Randa Alamen M Sharif, Wesal Omar F. Saied Aljadidi, Ahmed Tarek, Hazem Ahmed, Kamila Almabrouk Mohammed Essamilghi, Mabroka Alfoghi, Ma'aly A. Abuhlega, Saddam Arrmali, Fatima Mousa Abduljawad, Hasan Mustafa Alosta, Abdulsalam Abuajaila, Fakereldeen Abdelmutalib, Fatma Bashir, Inas Almengar, Mohammad hasan Annajjar, Abdelaziz Deyab, Fathi Elzowawi, Yousef Krayem, Weam Drah, Asma Meftah, Abobaker Mohammed, Lina Ali Arrmalli, Hajir Aljaboo, Abdallah Elayeb, Mohamed Altomi, Ahmed Altaweel, Mohamed Tumi, Hana Milad Bazozi, Aisha Shaklawoon, Mohammed Meftah Alglaib, Abdullahn Abdousalam Elkaloush, Sara Trainba, Hisham Swessi, Ali Alnaeri, Aya Essam Shnishah, Hamassat Mustufa, Sondas Ali Gargum, Sara Ali Tarniba, Hawa Ahmed Shalluf, Hajer Ali Shokri, Taher L. Sarkaz, Osama Tababa, Ahmed Elhadi, Vesna Cvetanovska Naunova, Laze Jovcheski, Marjan Kamilovski, Aleksandra Gavrilovska-Brzanov, Zarina Abdul Latiff, Siti Farhan Moh Pauzi, Marjmin Osman, Felicia Lim, Ainal Huda Abu Bakar, Azrina SK Zaman, Shareena Ishak, Rufinah Teo, Dr. Tammy Teoh Han Qi, Mohd Yusran Bin Othman, Dato' Dr Zakaria bin Zahari, Zulfitri bin Md Hassan, Cheah Hui Shan, Abhirrami Lechmiannandan, Hafatin Fairos bt Tamaddun, Mohd Fitri Shukri bin Mohamed Adanan, Mohd Yusof bin Abdullah, Wang Junyi, Mohd. Tarmizi Mohd Nor, Wan Ruzaimie Noor, Mohd Razin bin Hassan, Noor Fa'izatul Rahil Ambok Dalek, Hidayah Hayati binti Hashim, Ahmad Zulhisyam bin Zarwawi, V Muthualhagi M Vellusamy, Quah Soong Yuen, Hemasutha a/p Kannessan, Najua binti Ramli, Ahmad Shafiee bin Bujarimin, Jessmine Anntinea, Anthony Dass, Hazlina Mohd. Khalid, Nur Atiqah binti Mohd Hanifah, Keily Wong Yue Jyun, Rahilah binti Abd Razak, Nur Atifah binti Mohd Naim, Siti Nur Aien binti Hamid Hamzah, Cristian R. Zalles Vidal, Eduardo Bracho Blanchet, Roberto Dávila Perez, Emilio Fernandez Portilla, Raúl Villegas Silva, Daniel Ibarra, Antonio Calderon Moore, Cesar Carrasco-Ortega, Monica Noguez Castillo, Dorihela Herappe Mellado, Guillermo Yanowsky Reyes, Luis Fernando Gonzalez Cortez, Rafael Santana Ortiz, Jamie Orozco Perez, Jorge Román Corona C.Rivera, Juan Jose Cardenas Ruiz Velasco, Moises Quiles Corona, Christian Peña Padilla, Lucina Bobadilla Morales, Alfredo Corona Rivera, Izabel Maryalexandra Rios Flores, Cristian Irela Aranda Sánchez, Gabriela Ambriz-González, Nestor Martínez Hernández Magro, Francisco Javier León Frutos, José de Jesús Cárdenas Barón, Alejandro González Ojeda, Jessica Yarza Fernández, Juan Domingo Porras, Pastor Aguirre-Lopez, Vicente Sánchez Paredes, Arturo Montalvo Marin, Jose Manuel Diaz Gomez, Lorenzo Juvencio Caamal, David Bulnes Mendizabal, Pablo Sanchez Valladares, Humberto Garcia Martinez, Opeoluwa Adesanya, Moses Olanrewaju, Rilwan Adegboyega, Nurudeen Abdulraheem, Anuoluwapo Aremo, Florence Dedeke, Anyanwu Lofty-John Chukwuemeka, Mohammad Aminu Mohammad, Abdullahi Lawalbarau, Nwokoro Collins, Ogundele Ibukunolu, Amo Shonubi, Oluwaseun Ladipo-Ajayi, Olumide Abiodun Elebute, Justina Seyi-Olajide, Felix Alakaloko, George Ihediwa, Kayode Olayade, Christopher Bode, Olakayode Ogundoyin, Dare I. Olulana, Ifeanyichukwu Kelvin Egbuchulem, Felix O. Kumolalo, Ikechukwu Ulasi, Uchechukwu Obiora Ezomike, Sebastian Okwuchukwu Ekenze, Elochukwu Perpetua Nwankwo, Emmanuel Ifeanyi Nwangwu, Isaac Chukwu, Christopher Chim Amah, Nene Elsie Obianyo, Omolara Williams, Roland Iheanyichukwu Osuoji, Omolara Moronkeji Faboya, Olalekan Temitope Ajai, Moruf Adekunle Abdulsalam, Titiloye Hannah Agboola, Bolarinwa Bolanle Temilade, Maryrose Osazuwa, Morayo Monsurat Salawu, Eze Chukwuemeka Ejinkeonye, Mariya Mukhtar Yola, Amsa B. Mairami, Adekunle T. Otuneye, Matthias Igoche, Adebayo Gbenga Tanimola, Emmanuel Akinlabi Ajao, Efeturi Agelebe, Samson Olori, Philip Mari Mshelbwala, Olabisi Osagie, Adewale Oyinloye, Auwal M Abubakar, Lateef Oyebanji, Ibrahim Shehu, Cyril Cletus, Ahmed Bamanga, Faruk Suleiman, Sani Adamu, David C.Nwosu, Yahya S.Alkali, Iliya Jalo, Aliu Rasaki, Yusuf T.Sambo, Kalakwa A.Mohammed, Abubakar M.Ballah, Victor Modekwe, Okechukwu Hyginus Ekwunife, Ugochukwu S Ezidiegwu, Andrew N Osuigwe, Jideofor O Ugwu, Chuka A Ugwunne, Nadeem Akhter, Mudassir Fayaz Gondal, Rafee Raza, Ali Raza Chaudary, Hassan Ali, Muhammad Umar Nisar, Muhammad Umer Jamal, Ghuri Shankar Pandit, Uzma Mumtaz, Muhammad Bin Amjad, Nabila Talat, Wajeeh ur Rehman, Muhammad Saleem, Muhammad Bilal Mirza, Imran Hashim, Naveed Haider, Soban Hameed, Ayesha Saleem, Sohail Dogar, Muhammad Sharif, Muhammad Kashif Bashir, Fatima Naumeri, Zarqa Rani, Muath A.M. Baniowda, Basheer Ba'baa', Majd Yousef Mohammed Hassan, Ammar Darwish, Abrar Shaheen Sehwiel, Mohammed Shehada, Abrar ghassan Balousha, Yara Ajrami, Ainaa Ata Mohammad Alzamari, Bashar Yaghi, Hasan Subhi Hasan Abu Al-saleem, Mervat Sufian Abu Farha, Mohammad Omar Mohammad Abdelhafez, Firas Anaya, Asef belal Qadomi, Abd Al-Naser Bany Odi, Muath Abdelrahem Fuad Assi, Fadwa Sharabati, Ahmad Abueideh, Doha mustafa saleh Beshtawi, Hasan Arafat, Lara Zahi Adel Khatatba, Safa' Jamal Abatli, Hiba Al-Tammam, Dania Jaber, Yara Imad Omar Kayed, Ali Abdelhay Abumunshar, Rami Anwar Misk, Asmahan Mohammad Suliman Alzeer, Mutassem Sharabati, Ihsan Ghazzawi, Osama Majed Darras, Mahmoud M.Qabaja, Ma'alem sameer Hajajreh, Yasmeen Ahmad Samarah, Dua Hasan Yaghi, Moradallah Asad Fahmi Qunaibi, Abdelrazzaq Abu Mayaleh, Sharehan Joubeh, Annan Ebeido, Samer Adawi, Ihda Adawi, Mohammad Omar Ibrahim Alqor, Ahmad Samih Arar, Hadeel Awad, Fawzi Abu-Nejmah, Osaid Shaher Shabana, Firas Alqarajeh, Tareq Z. Alzughayyar, Jomana Madieh, Mahmoud Fuad Sbaih, Raghad mohammad abdu Alkareem, Raghad abdullateef Lahlooh, Yasmeen Adly Halabi, Wisam Baker, Tasneem Fathi Hasan Almusleh, Abdulraheem Adnan Abdulraheem Tahyneh, Yazid yousef mahmoud Atatri, Najlaa Abu Jamie, Nasrallah Ashraf Al Massry, Walaa Lubbad, Ayoub A.Nemer, Mohammed Alser, Aya Azmi Shehda Salha, Khaled Alnahhal, Aya Mahmoud Elmzyyen, Amir Talat Sheda Ghabayen, Abdulwhhab Ayman Abu Alamrain, Samar H. Al-Shwaikh, Omar Adly Elshaer, Nureddin Shaheen, Jehad Fares, Hisham Dalloul, Anas Qawwash, Mustafa abu Jayyab, Dina Ayman Ashour, Ahmad Ashraf Shaheen, Samy Rafat Ramadan Naim, Eman Abu Shiha, Nagham Mohammed Al Dammagh, Walaa Almadhoun, Ashraf Ayman Al-Salhi, Abdalkarim Yhya Hammato, Jamal Mohammed Salim, Doaa Khalil Hasanain, Soha Marwan Salem Alwadia, Ismail Nassar, Hala M. Al-Attar, Haya Abdulnasser Ali Alshaikhkhalil, Yasmin Mohammed Khalil Abu Jamie, Yara shareef Ashour, Sharif S. Alijla, Mohamed Anwer El Tallaa, Adham Ashraf Abuattaya, Bisan D.M. Wishah, MOHAMMED A.M. ALDIRAWI, Ahmed S Darwish, Sulaiman T. Alzerei, Nidal Wishah, Sharif Alijla, Isidora Garcia, Marlene Diaz Echegaray, Veronica Raquel Cañapataña Sahuanay, Fernando Trigoso Mori, Jackelyne Alvarado Zelada, Juan Jose Salinas Barreto, Porfirio Rivera Altamirano, Cesar Torres Miranda, Rocio Anicama Elias, Julio Rivera Alvarez, Juan Pedro Vasquez Matos, Fernando Ayque Rosas, Jesmarina Ledesma Peraza, Andrea Gutarra Palomino, Stephany Vega Centen, Victor Casquero, María Rosa Ortiz Argomedo, Francisco Lapouble, Genaro Llap Unchón, Florangel Patricia Delgado Malaga, Luis Ortega Sotelo, Segundo Gamboa Kcomt, Araceli Villalba Villalba, Nancy Rossana Mendoza Leon, Loreley Raquel Cardenas Alva, Maria Susana Loo Neyra, Cathy Lee Alanguia Chipana, Cintya Maria de Jesus Torres Picón, Natalia Huaytalla Quiroz, Danny Dominguez, Carlos Segura Calle, Jenny Arauco, Luis Ormeño Calderón, Ximena Ghilardi Silva, Miriam Daniela Fernandez Wilson, Joan Elizabeth Gutierrez Maldonado, Cesar Diaz Leon, Waldo Berrocal Anaya, Patricia Chavez Galvez, Prince Pamela Aguilar Gargurevich, Flor de Maria Diaz Castañeda, Carmen Guisse, Erika Ramos Paredes, Jose Luis Apaza Leon, Faye Aguilar Aguilar, Raul Ramirez De La Cruz, Lenny Flores Carbajal, Carlos Mendoza Chiroque, Gladys Johana Sulca Cruzado, Natalia Tovar Gutierrez, Jennifer Sotelo Sanchez, Carolina Paz Soldan, Karina Hernández Córdova, Edgar Fernando Delgado Quinteros, Luz Mery Brito Quevedo, Juan Jose Mendoza Oviedo, Angel Samanez Obeso, Patricia Paredes Espinoza, Johann de Guzman, Raisa Yu, Vlad Cosoreanu, Sebastian Ionescu, Aurel Mironescu, Lucian Vida, Adrian Papa, Roxana Verdeata, Bogdan Gavrila, Liviu Muntean, Marija Lukac, Miona Stojanovic, Djordje Toplicic, Milan Slavkovic, Andjelka Slavkovi, Dragoljub Zivanovic, Ana Kostic, Maja Raicevic, Delphine Nkuliza, Daniel Sidler, Corné de Vos, Elmarie vd Merwe, David Tasker, Omar Khamag, Cecilia Rengura, Thozama Siyotula, Uzair Jooma, Dirk von Delft, Marion Arnold, Hansraj Mangray, Shamaman Harilal, Sanele Madziba, Naveen Wijekoon, Tharanga Gamage, Benedict Paul Bright, Alaa Abdulrahman, Ola Ahmed Abdulmjeed Mohammed, Mohammed Salah, Ahmad Elian Abu Ajwa, Mohammed Morjan, Mohammad Mohannad Batal, Vivian Faks, Mohamad Bassel Mouti, Ahmadfateh Assi, Ahmad Al-Mouakeh, Ahmad Sankari Tarabishi, Ziad Aljarad, Aos Alhamid, Jiraporn Khorana, Wannisa Poocharoen, Sirima Liukitithara, Anan Sriniworn, Wasun Nuntasunti, Monawat Ngerncham, Ratiyaporn Phannua, Kanokrat Thaiwatcharamas, Patchareeporn Tanming, Lassaad Sahnoun, Nahla Kchiche, Roua Abdelmoumen, Egemen Eroğlu, Mehmet Ali Ozen, Hatice Sonay Yalçın Cömert, Mustafa İmamoğlu, Haluk Sarıhan, Şebnem Kader, Mehmet Mutlu, Yakup Aslan, Ahmet Beşir, Şükran Geze, Bahanur Çekiç, Ali Yalcinkaya, Kaan Sönmez, Ramazan Karabulut, Zafer Türkyılmaz, Kıvanç Şeref, Merve Altın, Merve Aykut, M.Eren Akan, Melisa Erdem, Ebru Ergenekon, Canan Türkyılmaz, Elif Keleş, Ali Canözer, Aslı Öztürk Yeniay, Elif Eren, İlknur Banlı Cesur, Zerrin Özçelik, Gökmen Kurt, Mustafa Kurthan Mert, Hatice Kaya, Müge Çelik, Suleyman Cuneyt Karakus, Nazile Erturk, Alev Suzen, Nilay Hakan, Fatih Akova, Mehmet Pasaoglu, Shukurali Eshkabilov, Rustam Z. Yuldashev, Dekhkonboev Avazjon Abdunomonovich, Aliev Makhmudjan Muslimovich, Azad Patel, Chisengo Kapihya, Nicholas Ensar, Ramesh M Nataraja, Mithila Sivasubramaniam, Matthew Jones, Warwick Teague, Sharman Tan Tanny, Gordon Thomas, Kiera Roberts, Soundappan Sannappa Venkatraman, Holger Till, Manon Pigeolet, Martine Dassonville, Anas Shikha, Win Sabai Phyu Win, Zahidah Adlynee Haji Ahmad, Léamarie Meloche-Dumas, Louise Caouette-Laberge, Dickens St-Vil, Ann Aspirot, Nelson Piché, Shahrzad Joharifard, Nadia Safa, Jean-Martin Laberge, Sherif Emil, Pramod Puligandla, Kenneth Shaw, Hussein Wissanji, Eileen Duggan, Elena Guadagno, Maria Consuelo Puentes, Paola Osses Leal, Carolina Mendez Benavente, Michal Rygl, Barbora Trojanová, Klára Berková, Tereza Racková, Ladislav Planka, Jan Škvařil, Radek Štichhauer, Shahad Sabti, Alex Macdonald, Nordeen Bouhadiba, Dorothy Kufeji, Caroline Pardy, Simon Mccluney, Alireza Keshtgar, Rebecca Roberts, Hannah Rhodes, Kate Burns, Robin Garrett-Cox, Kat Ford, Hannah Cornwall, Krithi Ravi, Felicity Arthur, Paul Losty, Tony Lander, Ingo Jester, Suren Arul, Oliver Gee, Giampiero Soccorso, Michael Singh, Max Pachl, Benjamin Martin, Afnan Alzubair, Arun Kelay, Jonathan Sutcliffe, Thomas Middleton, Amy Hughes Thomas, Merina Kurian, Fraser Cameron, Jayaram Sivaraj, Mark C Thomas, Dean Rex, Ceri Jones, Kate Bradshaw, Arnaud Bonnard, Xavier Delforge, Camille Duchesne, Caroline Le Gall, Coralie Defert, Samia Laraqui Hossini, Florent Guerin, Géraldine Hery, Virginie Fouquet-Languillat, Jules Kohaut, Aline Broch, Thomas Blanc, Luke Harper, Thomas Delefortrie, Quentin Ballouhey, Laurent Fourcade, Céline Grosos, Benoit Parmentier, Guillaume Levard, Maria Giovanna Grella, Mariette Renaux Petel, Lucie Grynberg, Olivier Abbo, Sofia Mouttalib, Mélodie Juricic, Aurelien Scalabre, Elodie Haraux, Anke Rissmann, Hardy Krause, Peter Goebel, Ludwig Patzer, Udo Rolle, Andrea Schmedding, Alexandra Antunez-Mora, Bernd Tillig, Sylvester von Bismarck, Patricia Reis Barbosa, Christian Knorr, Domitille Stark, Marco Brunero, Luigi Avolio, Francesco Manni, Matilde Molinelli, Marinella Guazzotti, Alessandro Raffaele, Piero Giovanni Romano, Silvia Cavaiuolo, Gian Battista Parigi, Laszlo Juhasz, Anna Rieth, Arunas Strumila, Rūta Dagilytė, Arunas Liubsys, Pranas Gurskas, Dalius Malcius, Agne Mikneviciute, Asta Vinskaite, Vidmantas Barauskas, Liam Vierboom, Timothy Hall, Spencer Beasley, Lucy Goddard, Mark Stringer, Naveen Weeratunga, Stephen Adams, Jitoko Cama, Marilyn Wong, Sridharan Jayaratnam, Askar Kukkady, Udaya Samarakkody, Sylwester Gerus, Dariusz Patkowski, Agnieszka Wolny, Tomasz Koszutski, Szymon Tobor, Marta Osowicka, Piotr Czauderna, Dariusz Wyrzykowski, Hanna Garnier, Stefan Anzelewicz, Osowicka Marta, Agata Knurowska, Alicja Weiszewsk, Andrzej Grabowski, Wojciech Korlacki, Michal Pasierbek, Przemyslaw Wolak, Aneta Piotrowska, Anna Roszkiewicz, Piotr Kalicińsk, Agata Trypens, Grzegorz Kowalewsk, David Sigalet, Amer Alsaied, Mansour Ali, Ameen Alsaggaf, Alaa Ghallab, Yazeed Owiwi, Ali Zeinelabdeen, Mohamed Fayez, Ahmed Atta, Mazen Zidan, Asaad saleh Radwan, Hanin Shalaby, Reem Abdelbaqi, Khalid Alattas, Yar Kano, Omar Sindi, Abdullah Alshehri, Tariq Altokhais, Fahad Alturki, Mohammad Almosaibli, Dasha Krisanova, Wisam Abbas, Hee-Beom Yang, Hyun-Young Kim, Joong Kee Youn, Jae Hee Chung, Seok Hyeon Cho, In ji Hwang, Ju yeon Lee, Eung song Song, Jenny Arboleda, Mercedes Ruiz de Temiño Bravo, Alexander Siles Hinojosa, Miriam García, Isabel Casal Beloy, Detlef Oliu San Miguel, Maria Elena Molina Vazquez, Verónica Alonso, Alberto Sanchez, Oscar Gomez, Isabel Carrillo, Tomas Wester, Carmen Mesas Burgos, Martin Salö, Erik Omling, Niclas Rudolfson, Christina Granéli, Helena Arnadóttir, Emma Grottling, Kate Abrahamsson, Vladimir Gatzinsky, Michaela Dellenmark Blom, Daniel Borbonet, Paul Puglia, Vinicio Jimenez Morejon, Gaston Acuna, Mario Moraes, Jonathan Chan, Pavan Brahmamdam, Alan Tom, Karen Sherer, Brandy Gonzales, Aaron Cunningham, Sanjay Krishnaswami, Reto Baertschiger, Mary Leech, Regan Williams, Lauren Camp, Ankush Gosain, Maria Mora, Bailey D. Lyttle, Jeremy Chang, Lydia McColl Makepeace, Kathryn L Fowler, Sara Mansfield, Erica Hodgman, Chukwubinyelum Amaechi, Alana Beres, Mark N. Pernik, Luke J. Dosselman, Murad Almasri, Sunil Jain, Varun Modi, Marianelly Fernandez Ferrer, John Coon, Joann Gonzalez, Medhavi Honhar, Nensi Ruzgar, Griffin Coghill, Sarah Ullrich, Maija Cheung, Katrine Løfberg, Jodie Greenberg, Kate Davenport, Samir Gadepalli, Sarah Fox, Stephanie Johnson, Mercedes Pilkington, April Hamilton, Nicole Lin, Juan Sola, Yang Yao, Jenna Kylene Davis, Monica Langer, Jonathan Vacek, Fizan Abdullah, Julie Khlevner, William Middlesworth, Marc Levitt, Hira Ahmad, Sabina M Siddiqui, Alex Bowder, Terry Derks, Afua Amoabin Amoabin, Brooke Pinar, Frank Owusu-Sekyere, Benmanseur Saousen, Rasika Naidoo, Azra Karamustafic, Danielle Paula de Oliveira, Jerhy Andrade, Antonín Šafus, Jason Langley, Alexandra Wilke, Corazone Deya, Habib Mansour Murtadi, Mindaugas Berzanskis, Nwachukwu Calistus, Olalekan S. Ajiboye, Michael Felix, Osagie O Olabisi, Seçil Erçin, Teymursha Muradi, Stephen S. Burks, Sergio Lerma, Jillian Jacobson, Calin Calancea, Rafael Valerio-Vazquez, Guigui Sikwete, Owusu Sekyere, Akhona Mbonisweni, Shahnoor Syed, Cho Seok Hyeon, Fatemeh Pajouhandeh, Sheba Mary Pognaa Kunfah, Global PaedSurg Research Collaboration, and Tıp Fakültesi
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Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Gastrointestinal Diseases ,Psychological intervention ,Disease ,Global Health ,Specialties, Surgical ,Congenital Abnormalities ,Cohort Studies ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Child ,Developing Countries ,business.industry ,Gastroschisis ,Developed Countries ,Intestinal atresia ,Infant, Newborn ,Gestational age ,Congenital diaphragmatic hernia ,Infant ,Articles ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Atresia ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,business - Abstract
Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung's disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung's disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middle-income countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p
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- 2020
32. Explicit Spatializing Heat-Exposure Risk and Local Associated Factors by coupling social media data and automatic meteorological station data
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Shaoying Li, Song Song, Guanhua Guo, Wenchuan Guan, Wenjun Ma, Zhifeng Wu, Zheng Cao, Hui Sun, and Yujiao Deng
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Geographic mobility ,Hot Temperature ,Public health ,Temperature ,010501 environmental sciences ,Spatial distribution ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Total mortality ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Meteorology ,Management implications ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Spatial clustering ,Environmental science ,Social media ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Risk assessment ,Social Media ,Weather ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Extremely high temperatures, a major cause for weather-related public health issues, are projected to intensify and become more frequent. To mitigate the adverse effects, a low-cost and effective risk assessment method should be developed. Therefore, we applied automatic meteorological station data and population mobility data to develop a high spatiotemporal resolution temperature risk assessment method. The population mobility analysis results showed the working/residential complex pattern in Tianhe District, with hotspots of spatial clustering located in the north, southwest, and southeast of the study area. Taking the population mobility patterns into consideration, high-temperature risk assessment results with a resolution of 100 m were obtained. The total mortality cases in 2014 and 2015 were used to validate this result. The validation showed that the total mortality in the high-temperature risk areas accounted for over 36% of that in Tianhe District. Thus, the method introduced in this study is capable of reflecting weather-related risk. Furthermore, the high-temperature risk assessment results showed that most of the risky areas were located in the southwest of the study area. Two peak times of the risk areas were determined, being before dawn and in the evening. Compared with the risk areas during weekdays, those at weekends expanded. In addition, we used the geographically weighted regression model to investigate the potential influencing factors. Individual factor contributed more than 22.4% to the spatial distribution of heat exposure. Catering services, transportation services, and living services were higher than others, with mean R2 values of 0.28, 0.23, and 0.25, respectively. More than 47.9% of spatial distribution of heat exposure was attributed to joint function of influencing factors, with global R2 ranged from 0.23 to 0.34. Our research introduces a spatial-specific method to quantitatively assess high-temperature risk. Moreover, the mechanisms behind the spatial distribution of the high-temperature risk were discussed. The theoretical and management implications can help urban designers and energy governors to develop useful strategies to mitigate weather-related public health risks.
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- 2020
33. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma in challenging locations: oncologic outcomes and advanced assistive technology
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Ping Liang, Xin Li, Zhiyu Han, Song Song Wu, Jie Yu, Chao An, Zhigang Cheng, Xiaoling Yu, and Fangyi Liu
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Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,Percutaneous ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Physiology ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,advanced assistive technology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,CLs upper limits ,Physiology (medical) ,Assistive technology ,Medical technology ,Medicine ,Humans ,R855-855.5 ,Ultrasonography ,Radiofrequency Ablation ,oncological outcome ,business.industry ,Microwave ablation ,Liver Neoplasms ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,Ultrasound guided ,Treatment Outcome ,microwave ablation ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Female ,Radiology ,challenging locations ,business - Abstract
Purpose To assess the oncologic outcomes of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in challenging locations (CLs) underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (US-PMWA) and the efficacy and safety of the advanced assistive technology (AAT). Materials and methods Data for 489 treatment-naïve patients with HCC who met Milan criteria and subsequently underwent US-PMWA were reviewed from March 2012 to November 2016. According to the distance (
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- 2020
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34. Incidence and characteristics of norovirus-associated benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis, in comparison with rotavirus ones
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Young Jong Woo, Young Ok Kim, Bo Ram Kim, Ga Eun Choi, Eun Song Song, and Min Ji Kim
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Male ,Rotavirus ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Seasonal distribution ,Adenoviridae Infections ,viruses ,medicine.disease_cause ,Gastroenterology ,Rotavirus Infections ,Adenoviridae ,03 medical and health sciences ,fluids and secretions ,0302 clinical medicine ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Seizures ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Symptom onset ,Caliciviridae Infections ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Norovirus ,Infant ,virus diseases ,Electroencephalography ,General Medicine ,Rotavirus vaccine ,Gastroenteritis ,Child, Preschool ,Norovirus Genogroup II ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Vomiting ,Female ,Seasons ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background and purpose Rotavirus was detected in 40–50% of patients with benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) before the rotavirus vaccine was introduced in late 2000. However, the rate of rotavirus positivity has decreased since 2010 while the prevalence of norovirus has gradually increased. We investigated the incidence of norovirus-associated CwG during a recent 3-year period and additionally compared the characteristics of norovirus-associated CwG with those of rotavirus-associated CwG. Methods The medical records of CwG patients admitted to our hospital between March 2014 and February 2017 were reviewed, including the results of stool virus tests. For comparing norovirus- and rotavirus-associated CwG, data obtained between March 2005 and February 2014 that included sufficient numbers of patients with rotavirus-associated CwG were additionally reviewed. Data were collected on clinical characteristics (age, sex, seasonal distribution, enteric symptoms, and the interval to seizure onset), seizure characteristics (frequency, duration, type, and electroencephalographic findings), and laboratory findings. Results CwG was diagnosed in 42 patients during the 3-year study period. Stool viruses were checked in 40 (95.2%) patients and were detected in 32 (80.0%) patients. Norovirus genogroup II was detected in 27 (67.5%) of the 40 patients, rotavirus was detected in 3 patients, and adenovirus was detected in 2 patients. In total, 140 CwG patients were enrolled between March 2005 and February 2017. The patients with norovirus-associated CwG (N = 44) and rotavirus-associated CwG (N = 26) were aged 18.66 ± 5.57 and 19.31 ± 7.37 months (mean ± standard deviation), respectively (P > 0.05). Norovirus-associated CwG was less prevalent than rotavirus-associated CwG during spring (13.6% vs. 34.6%, P = 0.04), while the prevalence of both types of CwG peaked during winter (63.6% and 46.2%, respectively). Vomiting was more prevalent in norovirus- than rotavirus-associated CwG (97.7% vs. 80.8%, P = 0.02) and the interval between enteric symptom onset and seizure onset was shorter in norovirus-associated CwG (2.00 ± 1.06 vs. 2.58 ± 1.21 days, P = 0.04). Most cases in both groups had seizures that lasted for less than 5 min (95.5% vs. 92.3%). Clustered seizures seemed to occur more frequently in the norovirus group (79.5% vs. 57.7%), although with borderline significance (P = 0.05). Posterior slowing was observed more frequently in norovirus-associated CwG (34.9% vs. 11.5%, P = 0.03). Conclusion The most common viral pathogen of CwG was norovirus during the analyzed 3-year period, with an incidence of 67.5%. In comparison with rotavirus-associated CwG, norovirus-associated CwG was less frequent during spring, more frequently seen with vomiting, had a shorter interval from enteric symptom onset to seizure onset, and more frequently showed posterior slowing in electroencephalography.
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- 2018
35. A 6-year safety surveillance of 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) in South Korea
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Joon Hyung Kim, Moon Sung Park, Soon Min Lee, Rupert W. Jakes, Jang Hoon Lee, Eun Song Song, Raghavendra Devadiga, and Sung Jin Kim
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Serotype ,safety ,10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ,Immunology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ,Haemophilus influenzae ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Conjugate vaccine ,030225 pediatrics ,Streptococcus pneumoniae ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Non typeable ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pharmacology ,Safety surveillance ,Korea ,Invasive disease ,business.industry ,PHiD-CV ,Virology ,business ,medicine.drug ,Research Paper - Abstract
In 2010, Korea introduced 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for children aged 6 weeks to 5 years against invasive disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 1, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, 23F and cross-reactive 19A. The aim of this 6-year real-world study of 646 healthy Korean children from 16 centers vaccinated in routine practice is to monitor vaccine safety, as per Ministry of Food and Drug Safety regulations. Around 50% had a past or existing medical condition, 19.3% an existing condition and 7.6% received concomitant medication). Total of 489 recorded adverse events (AEs) were reported in 274 infants; 86% were mild and the rest moderate, only three were reported as serious. Most AEs (97.8%) were not related to vaccination; one case of injection-site swelling and of fever was related, two cases of fever were probably related, five cases of fever and one case each of diarrhea and coughing were possibly related. None of the serious AEs were related to vaccination. Of 11 adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in 10 subjects, none were serious. Overall, 263 subjects (40.7%) received medication (mainly antibiotics or antipyretics) for the treatment of an AE, of which 6 subjects were treated for an ADR. There was no difference in the incidence of AEs according to age, sex or concomitant vaccination. Subjects with an existing medical condition had significantly more AEs than those without any conditions (p = 0.03), but no differences regarding ADRs. Four-dose vaccination with PHiD-CV appears to have a clinically-acceptable safety profile for Korean children. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01248988
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- 2018
36. Spontaneous Regression of Cardiac Rhabdomyoma Presenting as Severe Left Ventricular Inlet Obstruction in a Neonate with Tuberous Sclerosis
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Eun Song Song, Hwa Jin Cho, Kumi Jeong, Mi Ji Lee, In Ji Hwang, Gun Kim, and Young Kuk Cho
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lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Cardiac rhabdomyoma ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Hemodynamics ,Case Report ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Conservative treatment ,03 medical and health sciences ,Tuberous sclerosis ,0302 clinical medicine ,030228 respiratory system ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Internal medicine ,cardiovascular system ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Presentation (obstetrics) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Subclinical infection - Abstract
Cardiac rhabdomyoma can be subclinical or have a fatal presentation according to the onset age and involved site, size, and degree of invasion. Although most cardiac rhabdomyomas become smaller with time, emergency intervention is indicated when severe obstruction has occurred. In this report, we describe the spontaneous regression of a large cardiac rhabdomyoma (20.5 × 15.6 mm) presenting as severe left ventricular inlet obstruction in a neonate with tuberous sclerosis. Although a cardiac rhabdomyoma can be large enough to induce left ventricular inlet obstruction, conservative treatment without aggressive surgical intervention can be considered if the hemodynamic condition does not deteriorate.
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- 2018
37. Neonatal and Maternal Clinical Characteristics of Late Preterm Births: Single Center Data
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Young Youn Choi, Ha Jin Oh, Eun Song Song, and Su Hyang Lee
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03 medical and health sciences ,medicine.medical_specialty ,0302 clinical medicine ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,030225 pediatrics ,Late preterm ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Single Center ,Obstetric complication - Published
- 2018
38. Cerebralcare Granule® combined with nimodipine improves cognitive impairment in bilateral carotid artery occlusion rats by reducing lipocalin-2
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Yi Zhang, Xia Li, Wenyuan Gao, Song-song Jing, Juan Wang, Ou Qiao, Wenzhe Wang, Changxiao Liu, Xinyu Zhang, Xiaoying Han, Haixia Ji, and Shuli Man
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Male ,China ,Water maze ,Lipocalin ,Pharmacology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Lipocalin-2 ,Occlusion ,medicine ,Animals ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Maze Learning ,Vascular dementia ,Nimodipine ,business.industry ,Dementia, Vascular ,General Medicine ,Neurovascular bundle ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,Disease Models, Animal ,Carotid Arteries ,Neuroprotective Agents ,business ,Perfusion ,Drugs, Chinese Herbal ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Aims Clinically, Cerebralcare Granule® (CG) has been widely utilized to treat various types of headache, chronic cerebral insufficiency and other diseases, and the effect is significant. Clinical studies have shown that CG can significantly relieve vascular dementia (VaD), however, the molecular mechanisms haven't been established. To clear the therapeutic mechanisms of CG against VaD, a hypothesis was proposed that CG could treat neurovascular injury by inhibiting the production of lipocalin-2 (LCN 2). Main methods 90 dementia rats were selected by water maze test and randomly divided into 6 groups, including nimodipine (NM), CG L (low dose) (0.314 g kg−1), CG H (high dose) (0.628 g kg−1), and combined group (CG + NM). And in vitro neuronal cell OGD modeling to evaluate the effect of CG on JAK2/STAT3. Key findings CG could significantly shorten the escape latency of two-vessel occlusion (2-VO) rats, increase their exploratory behavior, alleviate the symptoms of VaD and improve the ultrastructural pathological damage of neurovascular unit and accelerate the recovery of cerebral blood perfusion. CG combined with NM is better than NM alone. It was further showed that CG could inhibit the pathogenicity of LCN 2 through JAK2/STAT3 pathway and suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines. It plays a role in the protection of cerebral microvasculature and BBB in 2-VO rats. Significance Taken together, there data has supported notion that CG can protect the integrity of cerebral blood vessels and BBB and improve cognitive impairment through mainly inhibiting LCN 2, which provides scientific evidence for clinical application.
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- 2021
39. Development of a competitive immunochromatographic assay for the sensitive detection of amantadine in chicken muscle
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Song-Song Wu, Fang-Fei Zhu, Daofeng Liu, Qi Guo, Liming Hu, Guomao Xu, Kai Luo, Jun Xia, and Weihua Lai
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Rimantadine ,Coefficient of variation ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Rapid detection ,Chromatography, Affinity ,Analytical Chemistry ,Amantadine ,medicine ,Animals ,Detection limit ,Chromatography ,Chemistry ,Muscles ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Cross reactions ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Linear range ,0210 nano-technology ,Chickens ,Food Science ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Amantadine (AMD) is a prohibitive veterinary medicine in the entire world. In this study, a sensitive colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (CGICA) was established for the rapid semi-quantitative detection of AMD in chicken muscle. Under optimal conditions, the detection results were obtained in 12min with a limit of detection for 1.80ng/mL. CGICA presented a good linear range from 2.5ng/mL to 25ng/mL, with only 11.5% cross-reactivity with rimantadine. The recovery rates for the fortified samples were ranged from 81% to 120%. The coefficient of variation of the intra-assay and inter-assay was less than 15%. The accuracy of CGICA was confirmed by systematically comparing the result of the proposed method with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Given the advantages of its simplicity, convenience, and speediness, the proposed CGICA is suitable for the on-site rapid detection of AMD in chicken muscle.
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- 2017
40. Clinical Significance of Pleural Effusion in Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children
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Eun Lee, Seo-Hee Kim, Eun Song Song, and Yun-Young Lee
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,Pleural effusion ,medicine.disease_cause ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,children ,pleural effusion ,Internal medicine ,Lactate dehydrogenase ,medicine ,pneumonia ,Immunology and Allergy ,Clinical significance ,Respiratory system ,Molecular Biology ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,Medical record ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Pneumonia ,Infectious Diseases ,Effusion ,chemistry ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
The clinical significance of pleural effusion in Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia in children has not yet been elucidated. Herein, we investigated the clinical implications of pleural effusion in children with MP pneumonia. Overall, 150 children with MP pneumonia transferred to a tertiary hospital were enrolled in this study. Information on their clinical, laboratory, and radiological features was retrospectively obtained from medical chart reviews. In total, 24 (16.0%) children had pleural effusion at the time of admission. The duration of fever and length of hospitalization were significantly longer in the pleural effusion group than in the non-pleural effusion group. A significantly higher proportion of individuals in the pleural effusion group had a poor response to stepwise treatment for MP pneumonia. The mean C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase levels were significantly higher in the pleural effusion group than in the non-pleural effusion group at admission. The prevalence of severe pneumonia, defined on the basis of the extent of pneumonic lesions on chest radiography, was higher in the pleural effusion group than in the non-pleural effusion group. However, there was no significant intergroup difference in the proportion of macrolide-resistant MP cases or respiratory viral coinfections. The presence of pleural effusion in children with MP pneumonia indicated a more severe clinical course and poor treatment response. The results of the present study would help in the creation of a therapeutic plan and prediction of the clinical course of MP pneumonia in children.
- Published
- 2021
41. Analysis of Factors Related to Hypopituitarism in Patients with Nonsellar Intracranial Tumor
- Author
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Jianhe Zhang, Jianjun Gu, Shousen Wang, Song-Song Lu, and Xiao-Hong Luo
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Intracranial Pressure ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Hypopituitarism ,Logistic regression ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epilepsy ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Aged ,Intracranial pressure ,Univariate analysis ,Brain Neoplasms ,business.industry ,Mass effect ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Radiology ,Intracranial Hypertension ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective Previous studies have suggested that postoperative hypopituitarism in patients with nonsellar intracranial tumors is caused by traumatic surgery. However, with development of minimally invasive and precise neurosurgical techniques, the degree of injury to brain tissue has been reduced significantly, especially for parenchymal tumors. Therefore, understanding preexisting hypopituitarism and related risk factors can improve perioperative management for patients with nonsellar intracranial tumors. Methods Chart data were collected retrospectively from 83 patients with nonsellar intracranial tumors admitted to our hospital from May 2014 to April 2015. Pituitary function of each subject was determined based on results of preoperative serum pituitary hormone analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods were used to analyze relationships between preoperative hypopituitarism and factors including age, sex, history of hypertension and secondary epilepsy, course of disease, tumor mass effect, site of tumor, intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebrospinal fluid content, and pituitary morphology. Results A total of 30 patients (36.14%) presented with preoperative hypopituitarism in either 1 axis or multiple axes; 23 (27.71%) were affected in 1 axis, and 7 (8.43%) were affected in multiple axes. Univariate analysis showed that risk factors for preoperative hypopituitarism in patients with a nonsellar intracranial tumor include an acute or subacute course (≤3 months), intracranial hypertension (ICP >200 mm H 2 O), and mass effect ( P P Conclusions Prevalence of hypopituitarism is high in patients with nonsellar intracranial tumors. The occurrence of hypopituitarism is correlated with factors including an acute or subacute course (≤3 months), intracranial hypertension (ICP >200 mm H 2 O), and mass effect ( P
- Published
- 2017
42. Activation of P2X3 receptors in the cerebrospinal fluid-contacting nucleus neurons reduces formalin-induced pain behavior via PAG in a rat model
- Author
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Song-Song Chen, Qing-Qing Zhang, Qiangqiang Zhou, Fang Zhou, Li-Cai Zhang, Peng-Fei Liu, Yan Yang, and Hong-Zhi Fang
- Subjects
Male ,Pain Threshold ,0301 basic medicine ,Agonist ,Cholera Toxin ,medicine.drug_class ,Pain ,Pharmacology ,Inhibitory postsynaptic potential ,medicine.disease_cause ,Periaqueductal gray ,Purinergic P2X Receptor Agonists ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,0302 clinical medicine ,Phenols ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Formaldehyde ,Threshold of pain ,medicine ,Animals ,Periaqueductal Gray ,Polycyclic Compounds ,Receptor ,Cerebrospinal Fluid ,Injections, Intraventricular ,Pain Measurement ,Neurons ,Chemistry ,General Neuroscience ,Cholera toxin ,Saporins ,Rats ,body regions ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1 ,Neuroscience ,Nucleus ,Receptors, Purinergic P2X3 ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Disinfectants - Abstract
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-contacting nucleus is implicated in the descending inhibitory pathway in pain processing, whereas the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning CSF-contacting nucleus regulating pain signals remains largely elusive. ATP is evidenced to inhibit pain transmission at supraspinal level by the mediation of the receptor P2X, wherein its subtype P2X3 is identified as the most potent. Our present experiment investigated the functionality of P2X3 receptors in CSF-contacting nucleus in the formalin-evoked inflammatory pain. Immunofluorescence and western blot revealed the expression of P2X3 receptors in the CSF-contacting nucleus and their upregulated expression subsequent to administration of formalin in rat model. ATP (a P2X3 receptor agonist, 100nmol/5µl) by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration ameliorated pain behaviors and enhanced c-Fos immunoreactivity in the neurons of the periaqueductal gray (PAG), both of which were discounted by pre-administration of A-317491 (a selective P2X3 receptor antagonist, 25nmol/5µl). After the CSF-contacting nucleus was ablated by cholera toxin subunit B-saporin, ATP failed to induce analgesia, with the c-Fos immunoreactivity in the PAG neurons remaining intact. Our results validated that P2X3 receptors in the CSF-contacting nucleus are pivotal in inflammatory pain processing via the activation of PAG neurons.
- Published
- 2017
43. Comparison of 4 label-based immunochromatographic assays for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in milk
- Author
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Weihua Lai, Yonghua Xiong, Daofeng Liu, Kai Luo, Song-Song Wu, Qi Guo, Liming Hu, and Chenghui Wu
- Subjects
Coefficient of variation ,Analytical chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,Escherichia coli O157 ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,Chromatography, Affinity ,Test strips ,Quantum Dots ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Immunochromatographic Assays ,Escherichia coli ,Fluorescent nanoparticles ,Chromatography ,Chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Milk ,Colloidal gold ,cardiovascular system ,Animal Science and Zoology ,0210 nano-technology ,Food Science - Abstract
Immunochromatographic assays (ICA) are widely used to detect pathogens. In this study, we used traditional gold nanoparticles (GNP), quantum dots (QD), fluorescent nanoparticles (FNP), and europium (Eu) (III) chelate nanoparticles (EuNP) as ICA labels. We first compared the ability of the 4 ICA test strips to quantitatively detect Escherichia coli O157:H7 in milk. We then optimized various parameters influencing the ICA. The sensitivity to E. coli O157:H7 of the GNP-ICA, QD-ICA, FNP-ICA, and EuNP-ICA was 2.5 × 104, 5 × 103, 1.0 × 103, and 5.0 × 102 cfu mL-1, respectively. The EuNP-ICA exhibited the highest sensitivity. The amounts of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) per GNP-ICA, QD-ICA, FNP-ICA, and EuNP-ICA test strip were 0.16, 0.37, 0.04, and 0.10 μg, respectively. The corresponding coefficients of variation were 7.4 to 15.8%, 10.4 to 18.6%, 2.7 to 7.8%, and 6.9 to 10.5%, respectively. The FNP-ICA required the least mAb per test strip and had the best coefficient of variation. The linear ranges of GNP-ICA, QD-ICA, FNP-ICA, and EuNP-ICA were 1.0 × 104 to 1.0 × 106, 2.5 × 103 to 1.0 × 106, 2.5 × 102 to 2.5 × 105, and 2.5 × 102 to 2.5 × 105 cfu mL-1, respectively. The FNP-ICA and EuNP-ICA had wider linear ranges than GNP-ICA and QD-ICA. Additionally, the FNP-ICA and EuNP-ICA showed better tolerance than GNP-ICA and QD-ICA in the milk samples. The FNP-ICA and EuNP-ICA showed remarkable potential for detection of pathogens in milk.
- Published
- 2017
44. Seasonality of Roughness - the Indicator of Annual River Flow Resistance Condition in a Lowland Catchment
- Author
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Youpeng Xu, Song Song, Britta Schmalz, and Nicola Fohrer
- Subjects
Hydrology ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,Elevation ,Drainage basin ,02 engineering and technology ,Vegetation ,Seasonality ,medicine.disease ,020801 environmental engineering ,Water level ,Hydrology (agriculture) ,Streamflow ,medicine ,Environmental science ,Digital elevation model ,Water Science and Technology ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Accurate estimation of flow resistance restricts the quality of the hydraulic model performance. In this study, we try to investigate the seasonal dynamic of the Manning’s roughness coefficient (n) based on the one-dimensional hydraulic model HEC-RAS in a German lowland area. We set up four river section models based on the 1 m digital elevation model and field measurements, in which the seasonal roughness factors were calibrated and validated with the gauge record. The results revealed that: 1) the Manning’s n varied from 46% to 135% from the base value in autumn; 2) adopting the seasonal roughness factor improved the quality of the model output; 3) the vegetation condition and water elevation dominated the Manning’s n in summer (April–September) and winter (October–March) half year respectively. Water temperature increased the flow resistence in winter half year; 4) the peak value of Manning’s n appeared in late summer due to the highest biomass, while the minimum roughness occurred in early-spring because of the combined influence of low biomass, high water level and relatively higher temperature. The involvement of seasonal roughness factor improved the model performance and the results are comparable to the previous research of the same area.
- Published
- 2017
45. Baicalin Attenuates Subarachnoid Hemorrhagic Brain Injury by Modulating Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption, Inflammation, and Oxidative Damage in Mice
- Author
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Xian-Qing Shi, Yong-Jian Fu, Song-Song Zhang, Hao Ding, and Jin Chen
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Aging ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ,Brain Edema ,Pharmacology ,Occludin ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Barrier function ,lcsh:Cytology ,General Medicine ,Microglial cell activation ,Blood-Brain Barrier ,Anesthesia ,NADPH Oxidase 2 ,Cytokines ,Inflammation Mediators ,medicine.symptom ,Neuroglia ,Research Article ,Subarachnoid hemorrhage ,Article Subject ,Perforation (oil well) ,Inflammation ,Models, Biological ,Permeability ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Animals ,RNA, Messenger ,lcsh:QH573-671 ,Flavonoids ,Tight Junction Proteins ,business.industry ,Cell Biology ,Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ,medicine.disease ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,chemistry ,Brain Injuries ,Proteolysis ,business ,Baicalin ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
In subarachnoid hemorrhagic brain injury, the early crucial events are edema formation due to inflammatory responses and blood-brain barrier disruption. Baicalin, a flavone glycoside, has antineuroinflammatory and antioxidant properties. We examined the effect of baicalin in subarachnoid hemorrhagic brain injury. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was induced through filament perforation and either baicalin or vehicle was administered 30 min prior to surgery. Brain tissues were collected 24 hours after surgery after evaluation of neurological scores. Brain tissues were processed for water content, real-time PCR, and immunoblot analyses. Baicalin improved neurological score and brain water content. Decreased levels of tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-5, ZO-1, and collagen IV) required for blood-brain barrier function were restored to normal level by baicalin. Real-time PCR data demonstrated that baicalin attenuated increased proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, and CXCL-3) production in subarachnoid hemorrhage mice. In addition to that, baicalin attenuated microglial cell secretion of IL-1βand IL-6 induced by lipopolysaccharide (100 ng/ml) dose dependently. Finally, baicalin attenuated induction of NOS-2 and NOX-2 in SAH mice at the mRNA and protein level. Thus, we demonstrated that baicalin inhibited microglial cell activation and reduced inflammation, oxidative damage, and brain edema.
- Published
- 2017
46. Prickle isoforms determine handedness of helical morphogenesis
- Author
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Bomsoo Cho, Song Song, and Jeffrey D Axelrod
- Subjects
Gene isoform ,Genotype ,QH301-705.5 ,Science ,Morphogenesis ,planar cell polarity ,bristle chirality ,Biology ,Bristle ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Chirality (physics) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Planar cell polarity ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Protein Isoforms ,Wings, Animal ,Biology (General) ,Alleles ,030304 developmental biology ,Body Patterning ,0303 health sciences ,Wing ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,D. melanogaster ,General Neuroscience ,fungi ,Cell Polarity ,Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,General Medicine ,Cell Biology ,LIM Domain Proteins ,Cell biology ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Drosophila melanogaster ,Right wing ,Mutation ,Medicine ,Prickle ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Signal Transduction ,Research Article - Abstract
Subcellular asymmetry directed by the planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway orients numerous morphogenetic events in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Here, we describe a morphogenetic movement in which the intertwined socket and shaft cells of the Drosophila anterior wing margin mechanosensory bristles undergo PCP-directed apical rotation, inducing twisting that results in a helical structure of defined chirality. We show that the Frizzled/Vang PCP signaling module coordinates polarity among and between bristles and surrounding cells to direct this rotation. Furthermore, we show that dynamic interplay between two isoforms of the Prickle protein determines right- or left-handed bristle morphogenesis. We provide evidence that, Frizzled/Vang signaling couples to the Fat/Dachsous PCP directional signal in opposite directions depending on whether Pkpk or Pksple predominates. Dynamic interplay between Pk isoforms is likely to be an important determinant of PCP outcomes in diverse contexts. Similar mechanisms may orient other lateralizing morphogenetic processes., eLife digest Our right and left hands are mirror images of each other and cannot be precisely superimposed. This property, known as chirality, is vital for many tissues and organs to form correctly in humans and other animals. For example, fruit flies have hair-like sensory organs on the edges of their wings known as bristles. One of the cells in each bristle forms a shaft that generally tilts away from the main body of the fly and is anchored in place by another cell known as the socket. A signaling pathway known as PCP signaling controls the directions in which many chiral tissues and organs in animals form. The pathway contains two signaling modules: the global module collects “directional” information about the orientation of the body and sends it to the core module, which interprets this information to control how the tissue or organ grows. Fruit flies have two different versions of one of the core module components – known as Prickle and Spiny legs – that are thought to alter the direction the core module responds to the information it receives. Mutant flies known as pkpk mutants are unable to make Prickle and their wing bristles tilt in the opposite direction compared to those in normal flies, but it was not clear exactly why this happens. To address this question, Cho et al. studied PCP signaling in the wings of normal and pkpk mutant flies. The experiments showed that Prickle directed the bristles on the right wing of a normal fly to grow in left-handed corkscrew-like patterns in which the emerging shaft and socket of each bristle twisted around each other. As a result, the bristles tilted away from the bodies of the flies. In the pkpk mutants, however, Spiny legs substituted for Prickle, causing the equivalent bristles to grow in a right-handed corkscrew pattern and tilt towards the body. The findings of Cho et al. show that PCP signaling controls the direction fly bristles grow by selectively using Prickle and Spiny legs. In the future, this work may also aid efforts to develop effective screening and treatments for birth defects that result from the failure of chiral tissues and organs to form properly.
- Published
- 2019
47. A novel nomogram to predict the local tumor progression after microwave ablation in patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: A tool in prediction of successful ablation
- Author
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Zhimei Huang, Tianqi Zhang, Jiayan Ni, Chao An, Song-Song Wu, Mengxuan Zuo, Jinhua Huang, and Yangkui Gu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,Male ,Cancer Research ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,ablation techniques ,Stage (cooking) ,Microwaves ,Original Research ,Aged, 80 and over ,Microwave ablation ,Liver Neoplasms ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,Middle Aged ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Liver ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Catheter Ablation ,Disease Progression ,Female ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,recurrence ,Clinical Decision-Making ,Milan criteria ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,nomogram ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,neoplasm staging ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Clinical Cancer Research ,Retrospective cohort study ,Nomogram ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Nomograms ,030104 developmental biology ,ROC Curve ,Tumor progression ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Objectives To develop a nomogram for the local tumor progression (LTP) in patients with early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after computed tomography‐guided percutaneous microwave ablation (CT‐PMWA) and to assess clinical‐pathologic risk factors for individual LTP estimation. Furthermore, we compared the prognostic predictive ability for LTP between the nomogram and the traditional staging systems. Methods This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board. Five hundred and forty treatment‐naïve patients with HCC according to the Milan criteria, who subsequently underwent CT‐PMWA were reviewed from 2009 to 2019. Baseline characteristics were collected to identify the risk factors for the determination of LTP after CT‐PMWA. The multivariate Cox proportional‐hazards model based on significant prognostic factors of LTP was used to construct the nomogram, which was then assessed for its predictive accuracy using mainly the Harrell's C‐index and time‐dependent area under the curve (tAUC). Results After a median follow‐up time of 28.7 months, 6.5% (35/540) patients had LTP. The nomogram was developed based on the tumor size, tumor number, Child‐Turcotte‐Pugh (CTP) grade, platelet, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The nomogram had good calibration and discriminatory abilities in the training set, with C‐indexes of 0.799 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.738, 0.860), and tAUCs of 0.844 (CI: 0.728, 0.895), that were greater than those of traditional staging systems. Internal validation with 1000 bootstrap resamples had a good C‐index of 0.735 (CI: 0.648, 0.816). Conclusions The nomogram model can be used to predict accurately LTP after CT‐PMWA for early‐stage HCC, as well as to assist physicians during the therapeutic decision‐making process., Local tumor progression (LTP) is a key criterion for evaluating the technical success of various thermal ablation techniques. Insufficient ablation margin is an independent risk factor associated with LTP, however, it is difficult to measure accurately. This normogram demonstrated higher predictive accuracy compared with traditional staging systems and may prove to be useful in centers that do not have the facilities for measuring ablation margin.
- Published
- 2019
48. Role of ATP-sensitive potassium channels and inflammatory response of basilar artery smooth muscle cells in subarachnoid hemorrhage of rabbit and immune-modulation by shikonin
- Author
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Xian-Qing Shi, Lirong Zhen, Yong-Jian Fu, Hao Ding, Song-Song Zhang, and Jing Chen
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Programmed cell death ,Subarachnoid hemorrhage ,Patch-Clamp Techniques ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Toxicology ,Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Cell membrane ,03 medical and health sciences ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,KATP Channels ,Internal medicine ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,Basilar artery ,Animals ,030304 developmental biology ,Membrane potential ,0303 health sciences ,Chemistry ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ,medicine.disease ,040401 food science ,Potassium channel ,Oxidative Stress ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Basilar Artery ,Cytokines ,Female ,sense organs ,Rabbits ,Inflammation Mediators ,Food Science ,Naphthoquinones - Abstract
Objective To investigate the role of inflammatory response, oxidative damage and changes of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (sKATP) in basilar artery (BA) smooth muscle cells (SMCS) of rabbits in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model. Methods Time course studies on inflammatory response by real-time PCR, oxidative process and function of isolated basilar artery after SAH in New Zealand White rabbits were performed. Basilar artery smooth muscle cells (BASMCs) in each group were obtained and whole-cell patch-clamp technique was applied to record cell membrane capacitance and KATP currents. The morphologies of basal arteries were analyzed. Protective effect of shikonin were also determine by same parameters. Results Inflammatory cytokines levels were highest at 24h compare to 72h after SAH whereas the oxidative damage and cell death marker were at highest peak at 72h. Oxidative damage peak coincided with significant alterations in cell membrane capacitance, KATP currents and morphological changes in basilar arteries. Shikokin pretreatment attenuated early inflammatory response at 24h and associated oxidative damage at 72h. Finally, shikonin attenuated morphological changes in basilar arteries and dysfunction. Conclusion Currents of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in basilar smooth muscle cells decreased after SAH by putative oxidative modification from immediate inflammatory response and can be protected by shikonin pretreatment.
- Published
- 2019
49. Severe laryngomalacia in a 1-month infant with Marfan syndrome
- Author
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So Jung Moon, Hyung Chae Yang, Eun Song Song, Young Youn Choi, and Eun Lee
- Subjects
Marfan syndrome ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine ,Laryngomalacia ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,business - Published
- 2021
50. Progress in the Application of Interventional Technique in Malignant Obstructive Jaundice
- Author
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Song-Song Fan, Xuefeng Cao, Xingyuan Zhang, and Li-Peng Yang
- Subjects
Interventional therapy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bile duct ,business.industry ,Symptomatic treatment ,General Medicine ,Jaundice ,Biliary Stenting ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Biliary tract ,medicine ,Obstructive jaundice ,Liver function ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) is usually due to the terminal stages of tumor, so there is no time for curative surgery. Hyperbilirubinemia caused by MOJ can cause damage to systems throughout the body and affect the survival prognosis. Symptomatic treatment is needed even in the advanced stage of the disease. Interventional therapy and surgery are the main means to relieve biliary obstruction, but patients have poor tolerance to surgery at this time, and the risk of surgery is high. At this time, the focus of treatment is to remove the obstruction of the biliary tract as early as possible to avoid the further aggravation of jaundice, progressive deterioration of liver function and other serious complications. Biliary interventional therapy has the special advantage of minimally invasive, and is an effective treatment for patients with advanced MOJ. Currently, bile duct interventional therapy mainly includes bile duct interventional drainage, biliary stent implantation, iodine-125 (125 I) seed strand implantation, biliary radiofrequency ablation(RFA)and Intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT), etc. Each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages in clinical application. With the progress of medical technology and the improvement and perfection of hardware equipment, the combination of multiple clinical departments and multiple operation methods will become a new trend of MOJ interventional therapy.
- Published
- 2021
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