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Enriching trace targets from trace samples is essential for analytical chemistry. Here, a mini‐pillar platform for biphasic (aqueous and organic) microdroplet–microdroplet extraction for enrichment analysis is demonstrated. Such mini‐pillars with biphasic hydrophobicity can anchor the biphasic microdroplets (organic or aqueous) regardless of rotation and inversion. Methylene blue (MB) and Nile red (NR) are extracted and analyzed by single‐phase extraction, double‐phase extraction, and enrichment analysis. The results display the well linear relationships of all extraction processes with the high extraction efficiency of more than 80% in the single/double phase and up to 500% in the enrichment phase. This work remedies the deficiencies of traditional liquid phase extraction technology, such as extensive sample consumption, low sensitivity, complex equipment, and cumbersome operation. Furthermore, a portable, easy‐manipulation, low‐waste, high‐throughput, and controllable liquid biphasic platform is proposed for high sensitivity, enrichment, and enhanced biphasic extraction analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficiency and accuracy of material fabrication are closely related to the quantity and quality of material structures/properties, which usually involves multiple parameters with high cost and time waste. Here, an intelligent and high‐throughput platform is developed to regulate multiple electrodeposition parameters of a microdroplets array for controlling and predicting nanostructures. On such platform, the minipillars can anchor the microdroplets as individual deposition reactors, and the electrodes are integrated on one side to achieve high‐throughput and simultaneous electrochemical fabrication. Such integrated and intelligent platform has been employed to investigate gold nanostructures via regulating the deposition parameters (time, potential, HAuCl4 concentration, Cl−/SO42− concentration in electrolyte, temperature, and humidity), and to establish the database of electrochemically‐fabricated gold nanostructures for guiding the design and fabrication of specific gold nanostructures. It is believed that such platform can act as a pioneer to promote the development of materials science by coupling intelligence technology with nanomaterial fabrication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bioinspired micropatterns exhibit outstanding capacity in controlling and patterning microdroplets, which have offered new functionalities and possibilities towards a wide variety of emerging biological and biomedical applications. By taking the advantages of the microdroplet anchoring ability, enrichment ability, and the accessibility of such bioinspired micropatterns, the selected topic mainly focuses on the important aspects related to (super)wettable surfaces and their emerging sensing applications (DNA, miRNA, proteins, etc.) by combining them with multiple signal output approaches (fluorescence, colorimetric, SERS, electrochemical, etc.). In the end, we also provide a personal perspective on the future development, and address the remaining challenges in the commercialization of (super)wettable micropatterns towards biosensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High throughput and high sensitivity are two important aspects in multiple biomarker recognition, drug discovery and relevant biochemical sensing. Here, we integrate mini-pillar microarray with the circuit components toward high-throughput individual electrochemical sensing in microdroplets. On such droplet-microarray-based electrochemical platform, the high adhesion of the mini-pillar can hold a microdroplet (hundreds nanoliter to a few microliter) regardless of rotation and deformation. Each pillar as a unit has a three-electrode to achieve individual electrochemical sensing, and electrodes are integrated on one side to achieve the sequential electrochemical read-out. Qualitative and quantitative electrochemical assessments of multiple glucose concentrations in individual microdroplets are also achieved. Such mini-pillar-based individual electrochemical platform shows great potential in high-throughput and high-sensitive biomolecular recognitions, provides an opportunity to develop miniaturized sensing platform for emerging biological and pathological applications. • A mini-pillar-array electrochemical sensor is designed. • The mini-pillar-based electrochemical sensor can anchor the microliter droplets for high throughput biosensing. • The mini-pillar-based platform can achieve sensing of multiple glucose concentrations in array microdroplets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Timely diagnosis and prevention of diseases require rapid and sensitive detection of biomarkers from blood samples without external interference. Abnormal electrolyte ion levels in the blood are closely linked to various physiological disorders, including hypertension. Therefore, accurate, interference-free, and precise measurement of electrolyte ion concentrations in the blood is particularly important. In this work, a colorimetric sensor based on a biphasic microdroplet extraction is proposed for the detection of electrolyte ions in the blood. This sensor employs mini-pillar arrays to facilitate contact between adjacent blood microdroplets and organic microdroplets serving as sensing phases, with any color changes being monitored through a smartphone's colorimetric software. The sensor is highly resistant to interference and does not require pre-treatment of the blood samples. Remarkably, the sensor exhibits exceptional reliability and stability, allowing for rapid enrichment and detection of K+, Na+, and Cl− in the blood within 10 s (Cl−), 15 s (K+) and 40 s (Na+) respectively. The colorimetric sensor based on biphasic microdroplet extraction offers portability due to its compact size and ease of operation without the need for large instruments. Additionally, it is location-independent, making it a promising tool for real-time biomarker detection in body fluids such as blood. A colorimetric detection of multiple electrolyte ions in blood based on biphasic microdroplet extraction. [Display omitted] • Biphasic microdroplet extraction-based colorimetric sensor was developed for detecting three electrolyte ions in blood. • The sensor exhibited outstanding selectivity and stability for rapid detection of K+, Na+, and Cl−. • The sensor is easy to carry and operate, eliminating the need for sample pre-treatment and large instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The portable electrochemical platform can adapt to more usage scenarios, which is essential for drug discovery, toxicology, and cell biology. Here, we constructed the wireless USB-like electrochemical platform for simultaneous multi-channel electrochemical sensing in microdroplet array. On such platform, multi-channel mini-pillar arrays can anchor reagent droplet (a few microliters to dozens of microliters), and the wireless USB-like electrochemical platform can achieve simultaneously multi-channel detection. As a concept-of-proof for multi-channel, the 4∗4 channels are chosen as a model to proof the practicality of such portable electrochemical platform, the relative standard deviation (RSD) of such a platform in microdroplets sensing is below 5% level. The quantitative electrochemical analysis of multiple glucose concentrations in miniature workstation was also achieved, and only 0.97% difference between traditional electrochemical workstation. The wireless USB-like electrochemical platform with the characteristics of cloud data management and multi-channel, which enables remote detection and analysis and presents an opportunity for future portable high-throughput biomedical applications. [Display omitted] • A fully integrated portable electrochemical platform is presented. • The USB-like platform allows electrochemical remote detection. • The microdroplet array allows multi-channel simultaneous detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]