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The synthesis, structure determination and sorption properties ([H.sub.2], C[O.sub.2], C[H.sub.4], and [N.sub.2]) of the metal-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylate complex [Cr.sub.3.sup.III]O[([H.sub.2]O).sub.2]F[{[C.sub.10][H.sub.4][(C[O.sub.2]).sub.4]}.sub.1.5].6[H.sub.2]O, containing trivalent chromium (MIL-102) are described. MIL-102 is a new example of a porous chromium carboxylate that has a trimeric inorganic subnetwork, shows zeolite behavior with no pore contraction and has a small hydrogen storage capacity.

Benzalacetone analogues of naphth[1,2-a]azulene, naphth[a]azulenes and naphth [2,3-a]azulene were synthesized from 2-(5-methyl-2-furyl)-1-tropylionaphthalene, 1-(5-methyl-2-furyl)-2-tropylionaphthalene and 2-(5-methy-2-furyl)-3-tropylionaphthalene respectively. Single-crystal X-ray work on the napth[1,2-a]azulene derivative revealed that its tetracyclic system exhibited deformation from planarity similar to that of benzo-[c]phenanthrene.

A study was carried out on titanocene 1,8-dithiolato-naphthalene and its oxidized relatives that may be readily prepared by oxidative addition of the appropriate S--S bonded precusor with Cp2Ti(CO)2. The effect of using pro-ligands where the sulfur atom is mono-oxidized and di-oxidized is studied and an interesting oxygen elimination reaction is observed for the S(triple bond)O fragments but not for the SO2 groups.

The incorporation of naphthalene molecules in the reaction solution produces three varieties of hydrothermal reaction products. These three different metal-organic framework (MOF) compounds, whose structures are made up of Ni(II), btc and bpy ligands, are synthesized.

The protonated form of 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)napthalene [DMANH(super +)] consists of a rigid, aromatic framework, substituted by two amino groups that are connected by a strong, symmetric hydrogen bond bridge. Treating the reorientation of DMANH(super +) as anisotropic rotational diffusion tensor was determined with good accuracy.

Spectroscopic and photophysical characterization of the two new polyaminic derivatives possessing naphthalene as signaling units of the light induced molecular movements are investigated. It is shown that the central spacer unit, with different connections to the central benzene with the polyaminic chain, leads to small but significant differences in the photophysical behavior of the two compounds.

The structure, spectroscopy and photochemistry of N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-di-1-naphthylurea is studied, and the properties of the corresponding secondary diarylurea N,N'-di-1-naphthylurea are compared with the tertiary mono arylurea N,N,N'-trimethyl-N'-1-naphthylurea. The characterization of the spectroscopy and photochemistry of the conformations are performed due to the preferred folded geometry.

The article reports a newly developed supramolecular anion-[pi] interaction, which can be employed for the sensing of the fluoride ions. The electronic interactions taking place in the setting are shown to lead to the formation of a naphthalene diimide radical anion.

The mechanisms involved in the mild mild palladium-mediated bisolefination of C- C triple bonds are explained. The observed bisolefination process is shown to be extremely beneficial for the production of different naphthalene derivatives.

The preparation and properties of a pair of enantioselective fluorescent sensors in a chiral assay are explained. These two sensors are shown to exhibit completely opposite chiral configurations at the different axially chiral biaryl centers.

The stabilization of G-quadruplex DNA by a scissors-shaped binaphthyl derivative (NPA) by intertwisting the whole G-quadruplex with two long chains, through the cooperation of the two functional groups, binaphthylene and the ethoxy chain is reported. NPA is found to exhibit a good inhibitory effect of telomerase activity as well as excellent cytotoxic activity against HepG-2 human liver cancer cells.

Several computational studies are conducted to analyze the different properties exhibited during the hydrogen bonding taking place in the active site of ketosterois isomerase. The changes taking place in the NMR chemical shifts and electronic absorption spectra of the system due to the bonding are also discussed.

Transformation of a conformationally locked fluoropentol into (trans, anti, trans, anti, trans)-perhydro-2,3,4a,6,7,8a-naphthalenehexol essentially under conditions of base-induced transesterification is reported. The proposed reaction basis for the observed metamorphosis involves a nucleophilic displacement of fluoride and subsequent stereo- and regioselective anti-Furst-Plattner-type ring-opening of the epoxide formed.

The application of the Nicholas reaction chemistry of 2,7-dioxygenated naphthalenes in the synthesis of cyclohepta[de]napthalenes and the synthesis of ([plusmn])-microstegiol is demonstrated. Application of a 1,8-dicondensation product and selected C-1 monocondensation products to the construction of cyclohepta[de]naphthalenes by way of ring closing metathesis and intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reactions, respectively, is also described.

Colored and highly fluorescent materials obtained by laterally extending the colorless naphthalene tetracarboxylic bisimides with imidazole rings are presented. The application of the donor-substituted phenyl groups at the imidazole rings which causes further bathochromic shifts in fluorescence where the strong solvent influence in the spectra is typical for a TICT process are discussed.

The side chains in the electron-rich dialkoxynapthalene (Dan) and electron-deficient 1,4,5,8-napthalenetetracarboxylic diimide (Ndi) derivatives were systematically altered and their 1:1 molar mixtures were explored to study the origin of the thermochromic behavior upon crystallizing from the mesophase. The levels of color change associated with crystallization were found to be controlled by the presence or absence of steric interactions due to side chain branching on the aromatic units.

The enantioselective catalysis of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of nitrones with propioloylpyrazole and acryloylpyrazole derivatives in presence of a chiral copper(II) complex of 3-(2-naphthyl)-L-alanine amide is described. The reaction is the first successful method for the catalytic enantioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones with acetylene derivatives.

The synthesis of isokidamycin, which represents the first total synthesis of a bis-C-aryl glycoside natural product in the pluramycin family, is reported. The synthesis features the use of a silicon tether as a disposable regiocontrol element in an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction between a substituted naphthyne and a glycosyl furan and a subsequent conversion of O into C-glycoside rearrangement.

The synthesis and stereochemical assignment is achieved by using a regioselective anti-Markovnikov addition of water to vinylphthalide, which is accomplished by using a heteroatom-directed Wacker oxidation that has proceeded with retention of stereochemistry. The results have shown that ereverseE Wacker oxidations are a viable alternative to hydroboration/oxidation procedure.

Oxidative cyclization of 1,1E-binaphthyl to perylene is achieved in quantitative yield by the action of three or more equivalents of potassium metal in hot tetrahydrofuran. Anionic cyclodehydrogenations are complementary to those performed under strongly acidic/oxidizing conditions, photochemically, or thermally.

The importance of the dynamics of equilibrium fluctuations between most stable conformers in the control of the reaction mechanism is discussed. The studies have shown that the nucleophilic attack in 1-acetoxy-2-naphthoic acid (1AC2NA) is promoted by allowing the most stable conformers to equilibrate only through rotation in a direction that has intercepted the reaction coordinate and a general base-catalyzed water attack in 3-acetoxy-2-naphthoic acid (3AC2NA) is favored by favoring equilibrium though rotation that has allowed inclusion of a water molecule in a proper position for reaction.

A series of hybrid organic-inorganic [2]rotaxanes is prepared and characterized. The X-ray crystal structures of different [2]rotaxanes, a pseudorotaxane, and a two-station molecular shuttle has shown two distinct types of intercomponent hydrogen bond motifs between the ammonium groups of the organic thread and the fluoride groups of the inorganic ring. .

Time-resolved spectroscopy is used for comparing the photoinitiated charge separation (CS) and recombination (CR) in a series of donor-bridge-acceptor (D-B-A) molecules with cross-conjugated, linearly conjugated and saturated bridges. Molecular conductance calculations on the bridges have shown that cross-conjugation has resulted in quantum interference effects that have altered the through-bridge donor-acceptor electronic coupling as a function of charge injection energy.

[pi]-Conjugated disilenes with 2-naphthyl or 2-fluorenyl groups on the silicon atoms are prepared as air-stable emissive red solid by using the bulky 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octaethyl-s-hydrindacen-4-yl (Eind) groups. The strong [pi]-[pi]* absorptions and distinct emission at room temperature are observed due to the major contribution of the 3[p.sub.[pi]]*(Si-Si)-2[p.sub.[pi]]*(carbon [pi]-electron system) conjugation.

Density functional theory calculations and molecular mechanics simulations are used for estimating the strength of the nonlocal electron-vibration couplings in oligoacene crystals as a function of molecular size from naphthalene through pentacene. The studies have shown that the amount of relaxation energy associated with nonlocal electron-phonon coupling has decreased as the size of the molecule has increased.

A novel naphthoquinoid singlet biradical stabilized by phenalenyl rings is prepared by a multistep procedure and is examined in terms of covalent bonding interactions. The optical behavior and the magnetic susceptibility measurements have shown that the intermolecular covalent bonding interaction in the 1D chain of naphthoquinoid singlet biradical is greater in strength than the intramolecular one, despite the fact that a fully conjugated Kekule structure can be drawn for naphthoquinoid singlet biradical.

A room temperature reaction between 1,8-Bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene (' Proton Sponge' ) and bromomaleic anhydride to generate 3-(4,5-bis(dimethylamino)napthalen-1-yl)furan-2,5-dione (4-maleicanhydridoproton sponge or 'MAPS') is described. The property of MAPS to lose color upon protonation in solution and change color on reversal indicated the ability of MAPS to act as a colorimetric version of a proton sponge.

The photomechanical effect of a rectangular plate two-component cocrystal composed of a photochromic diarylethene derivative, 1,2-bis(2-methyl-5-(1-naphthyl)-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene (1o), and perfluoronaphthalene (FN) is examined. The crystal of 1o.FN has displayed reversible bending motion upon alternate irradiation with ultraviolet (UV) and visible light, where the reversible bending motion is repeated over 250 times.

The asymmetric total synthesis of nonracemic korupensamine B is described. It has included a newly designed and highly trans-diastereoselective route to the tetrahydroisoquinoline ring and an unprecedented atropdiastereoselective Suzuki-Miyuara coupling for constructing fully fashioned naphthylisoquinoline framework that invokes [pi] stacking as a possible source of stereocontrol.

Highly enantioselective aerobic oxidative cross-coupling of 2-naphthols with broad substrate scope is achieved by using iron(salan) complex as the catalyst. The scope of the cross-coupling reaction is shown to be different from that of the homocoupling reaction under the same reaction conditions.

The 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-derived 1-naphthylethyl amide is shown to be a good CSA for NMR analysis of protected amines. The analysis has shown that the 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-derived 1-naphthylethyl amide has formed a chiral cleft that can selectively bind one enantiomer of a substrate through hydrogen bonding, [pi]-[pi] stacking and CH/[pi] interactions.

Naphthyl-bridged bis([beta]-cyclodextrin) is prepared by via ' click chemistry' and its self-assembly behavior is analyzed. The results have shown that the coordination of [Hg.sup.2+] with triazole rings in naphthyl-bridged bis([beta]-cyclodextrin) has induced the naphthyl moiety to move from being a self-included complex to the formation of nanoparticles through intermolecular self-aggregation.

The introduction of a nitrogen atom at one of the acetylenic termini of 10-, 11-, 12-, and 13-membered benzannulated cyclic enediynes has resulted in the complete suppression of the conventional radical Bergman reaction in favor of a polar cycloaromatization. The latter reaction is catalyzed by acids and has proceeded by initial protonation of an ynamide fragment, where the resulting ketenimmonium cation has cyclized to produce naphthyl cation, which has reacted with nucleophiles or undergoes Friedel-Crafts addition to aromatic compounds.

High-level quantum chemical calculations are performed on the two epimeric pairs of complexes 4.2 and 6.2 obtained by lithiation of cinnamyl carbamate and 1-naphthyl derivative in the presence of BOX ligands (S,S)- and (R,R)-2. The studies have shown that in the case of configurationally labile complexes and a dynamic thermodynamic resolution one of both epimers is energetically favored and the quantum chemical computations have allowed the prediction of the enantiomeric excess

Fumaquinone, a novel prenylated naphthoquinone antibiotic, is prepared from ethyl acetoacetate in three steps. The major step of the synthesis is the construction of the naphthoquinone skeleton by a regioselective Diels-Alder reaction between a 2-alkyl 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-diene derivative and a bromoquinone.

The reduction of the steric interaction between the upper-half and the lower-half of a light-driven rotary molecular motor by decreasing the size of the aromatic moiety in the upper-half from naphthalene to a benzothiophene has resulted in a much faster rotation.

The new asymmetric catalytic Strecker reaction of achiral N-phosphonyl imines is described and excellent enantioselectivity are achieved by using primary free natural amino acids as catalysts and [Et.sub.2]AlCN as nucleophile. The studies have presented the novel use of nonvolatile and inexpensive [Et.sub.2]AlCN in asymmetric catalysis and the N-phosphonyl protecting group has enabled simple product purification to be achieved by washing the crude products with hexane.

First-principles calculation of Np[TM.sub.2] (Np = naphthalene, TM = V, Mn, Ti, Nb) sandwich nanowires has shown that the magnetic ordering in the Np[V.sub.2] nanowire can be adjusted by changing its charge state. The carrier-tunable magnetic ordering is unique to the Np[V.sub.2] nanowire and the bonding between the two nearest-neighbor metal atoms has played a major role in controlling the magnetic coupling of charge-neutral Np[TM.sub.2] nanowires.

The synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of a naphthalene-4,5-dicarboximide-1,8-dithiolate diiron complex [NMI-[Fe.sub.2][S.sub.2][(CO).sub.6]] and a covalently linked, fixed-distance zinc 5,10,15-tri-n-pentyl-20-phenylporphyrin-NMI-[Fe.sub.2][S.sub.2][(CO).sub.6] donor-acceptor dyad is reported. Photoexcitation of the disulfide precursor to donor-acceptor dyad in both toluene and C[H.sub.2][Cl.sub.2] which produced only the singlet and triplet excited states of the Zn porphyrin favored electron transfer only in the presence of the diiron complex and photoexcitation of dyad in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid is shown to generate [H.sub.2].

The preparation of azulenocyanine with four azulene units fused to a tetraazaporphyrin skeleton from 1,3-di-tert-butyl-5,6-dicyanoazulene is reported. The obtained azulenocyanine which is a structural isomer of naphthalocyanine represents a new type of oxidation-stable near-IR dye.