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The article "The Complexity of Social Movements" highlights the importance of social movements in Latin America and Mexico, as well as the criticism of classical theories. It emphasizes the struggle for democracy and the questioning of the neoliberal model by these movements. Additionally, it mentions the publication of a collective book that analyzes the challenges of Mexican, Latin American, and European societies in the 21st century. It also discusses the relationship between social movements and the State, civil society, and other relevant actors. The text talks about social movements in Latin America and their resistance to neoliberalism. It highlights that these movements have emerged in rural areas and marginalized urban sectors, and have a variety of objectives. Examples of movements in different countries are mentioned, such as the Mapuche indigenous movement in Chile, the Landless Rural Workers' Movement in Brazil, and the student movement in Mexico. These movements defend the environment, human rights, and social justice, and seek to build a different democracy and world. The text also discusses socio-environmental movements in Mexico, which oppose destruction and dispossession, and defend territory and life. The text presents three chapters that address different aspects of social movements. The first chapter highlights that social movements are agents that construct alternative forms of education, based on the roots and traditional knowledge of communities. The second chapter analyzes social movements in Greece and Spain in the context of the European crisis. The third chapter reflects on contemporary social movements, highlighting their diversity and the participation of young people and women. The text emphasizes the inclusion of young people in social movements and the important role of women in these movements. Several social movements in Mexico are also mentioned, such as Zapatismo, the Popular Assembly of the Peoples of Oaxaca, the Movement for Peace with Justice and Dignity, #YoSoy132, and the Ayotzinapa movement. The article discusses self-government and autonomy in communities, where decisions are made through assemblies and solutions to conflicts are proposed. The book offers a theoretical and methodological discussion of social movements and analyzes various specific struggles in the context of neoliberal capitalism. It also raises the need to build new and autonomous worlds. [Extracted from the article]

The article is a review of two books that analyze the process of democratization and de-democratization in Mexico. The first book examines electoral behavior, the model of economic development, and social mobilization in the country. The second book focuses on the presidential elections since 1970 and examines the process of opening up and democratizing the regime. Both books offer a broad and complex view of Mexico's current political, economic, and social situation. The author highlights the importance of including political actors such as armed insurgency and social movements in the analysis, as well as the role of political parties in democratization. The book examines the presidential elections of 1970, 1976, 1982, 1988, 1994, 2006, and 2018, and argues that democratization in Mexico has been achieved through intense mobilizations and political tensions. The author concludes by highlighting the importance of the development of party identities and the influence of private actors in politics. [Extracted from the article]

A review is presented of the book "De la filantropía a la rebelión. Mujeres en los movimientos sociales del siglo XIX al siglo XXI," edited by Gloria Arminda Tirado.

The article reviews the book "Rural Protest and the Making of Democracy in Mexico, 1968-2000," by Dolores Trevizo.

The article reviews the book "Art and Social Movements: Cultural Politics in Mexico and Aztlán," by Edward J. McCaughan.

The heavy militarization of the borderlands of Mexico is one of the more dramatic results of the Mexican and U.S. government attempts to put a stop to the war on drugs. Many organizations and researchers argue that the prevalent violence and common impunity from prosecution of crimes in Ciudad Juarez is aggravated by militarization, not solved by it. Ciudad Juarez is known as the border center point and hot spot for violence, murders and drug wars in Mexico. The city has experienced shockingly high amounts of murders that often go unresolved or unpunished. This is particularly true for crimes against women, which due to underreporting are even more invisible than other types of violence. Projects that focus on resisting militarization have so far been politically influenced and halted by the Mexican government and state. In their new book, Courage, Resistance & Women in Ciudad Juarez: Challenges to Militarization, Kathkeen Staudt and Zulma Méndez offer an alternative framework for documenting the fight against militarization, one that focuses on the "hidden narratives" of social activists in Mexico through a gendered lens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reviews the book "Migration, environnement, violence et mouvements sociaux au Mexique. Dynamiques régionales en contexte d'économie globalisée," edited by Marie-France Labrecque, Manon Boulianne and Sabrina Doyon.