1. Bovine Pestivirus Heterogeneity and Its Potential Impact on Vaccination and Diagnosis.
- Author
-
Riitho V, Strong R, Larska M, Graham SP, and Steinbach F
- Subjects
- Animals, Antigens, Viral immunology, Cattle, Cattle Diseases diagnosis, Cross Protection immunology, Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral isolation & purification, Diarrhea Virus 2, Bovine Viral isolation & purification, Pestivirus Infections veterinary, Viral Vaccines immunology, Cattle Diseases prevention & control, Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral immunology, Diarrhea Virus 2, Bovine Viral immunology, Pestivirus Infections prevention & control, Vaccination veterinary
- Abstract
Bovine Pestiviruses A and B, formerly known as bovine viral diarrhoea viruses (BVDV)-1 and 2, respectively, are important pathogens of cattle worldwide, responsible for significant economic losses. Bovine viral diarrhoea control programmes are in effect in several high-income countries but less so in low- and middle-income countries where bovine pestiviruses are not considered in disease control programmes. However, bovine pestiviruses are genetically and antigenically diverse, which affects the efficiency of the control programmes. The emergence of atypical ruminant pestiviruses (Pestivirus H or BVDV-3) from various parts of the world and the detection of Pestivirus D (border disease virus) in cattle highlights the challenge that pestiviruses continue to pose to control measures including the development of vaccines with improved cross-protective potential and enhanced diagnostics. This review examines the effect of bovine pestivirus diversity and emergence of atypical pestiviruses in disease control by vaccination and diagnosis.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF