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The title compounds (IV) are efficiently obtained by three-component condensation of aldehydes, 2,4-dioxotetrahydrothiophene-3-carboxylate, and 2,6-diaminopyrimidine-4(3H)-one under environmentally-friendly and mild reaction conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents chemical equations related to the article "A Pseudo Multi-Component Electrochemical Synthesis of Spiro Dihydrofuran Derivatives" by and others, published in "Tetrahedron" in 2013.

N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed organocascade reactions via redox processes are found to be a simple and flexible procedure for the synthesis of title compounds (III). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title reaction affords highly functionalized 3,4-dihydropyranones or 3,4-dihydropyridinones via umpolung processes in the absence of an external oxidant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An alternative approach to 2,3-diarylated benzofurans (III) by virtue of the sequential catalysis of NHC and Pd from substituted 2′-bromodiphenylbromomethanes (I) and aryl aldehydes (II) is developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of chiral δ-lactams (III) and (V) is prepared with high enantioselectivity by NHC-catalyzed oxidative γ-aminoalkylation of carboxylic acids (II) with acylhydrazones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An NHC-catalyzed formal [4+2] reaction of isatins with N-hydroxybenzotriazole ester of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids bearing γ-H to construct spirocyclic oxindole-dihydropyranones is given.

Chemical formulas explaining the oxidative gamma-addition of alpha-Beta-unsaturated aldehydes to isatins to synthesize spirocyclic oxindole-dihydropyranones are presented.