117 results on '"Goodwin, Renee D."'
Search Results
2. Trends in Cigar Use in the United States, 2002-2016: Diverging Trends by Race/Ethnicity.
- Author
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Weinberger AH, Delnevo CD, Zhu J, Gbedemah M, Lee J, Cruz LN, Kashan RS, and Goodwin RD
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- Adolescent, Adult, Black or African American statistics & numerical data, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Hispanic or Latino statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Smoking ethnology, Time Factors, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Racial Groups statistics & numerical data, Smoking trends, Tobacco Products statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: Although there are racial/ethnic differences in cigarette use, little is known about how non-cigarette tobacco use differs among racial/ethnic groups. This study investigated trends in cigar use from 2002 to 2016, by racial/ethnic group, in nationally representative US data., Methods: Data were drawn from the 2002-2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health public use data files (total analytic sample n = 630 547 including 54 060 past-month cigar users). Linear time trends of past-month cigar use were examined by racial/ethnic group (Non-Hispanic [NH] White, NH Black, Hispanic, NH Other/Mixed Race/Ethnicity) using logistic regression models., Results: In 2016, the prevalence of past-month cigar use was significantly higher among NH Black respondents than among other racial/ethnic groups (ps < .001). Cigar use was also higher among NH White respondents than among Hispanic and NH Other/Mixed Race/Ethnicity respondents. The year by racial/ethnic group interaction was significant (p < .001). Past-month cigar use decreased significantly from 2002 to 2016 among NH White and Hispanic respondents (ps = .001), whereas no change in prevalence was observed among NH Black (p = .779) and NH Other/Mixed Race/Ethnicity respondents (p = .152). Cigar use decreased for NH White men (p < .001) and did not change for NH White women (p = .884). Conversely, cigar use increased for NH Black women (p < .001) and did not change for NH Black men (p = .546)., Conclusions: Cigar use remains significantly more common among NH Black individuals in the United States and is not declining among NH Black and NH Other/Mixed Race/Ethnicity individuals over time, in contrast to declines among NH White and Hispanic individuals., Implications: This study identified racial/ethnic differences in trends in past-month cigar use over 15 years among annual cross-sectional samples of US individuals. The highest prevalence of cigar use in 2016 was found among NH Black individuals. In addition, cigar use prevalence did not decline from 2002 to 2016 among NH Black and NH Other/Mixed Race/Ethnicity groups over time, in contrast to NH White and Hispanic groups. Further, cigar use increased over time for NH Black women. Targeted public health and clinical efforts may be needed to decrease the prevalence of cigar use, especially for NH Black individuals., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2020
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3. Increasing Depression and Substance Use Among Former Smokers in the United States, 2002-2016.
- Author
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Cheslack-Postava K, Wall MM, Weinberger AH, and Goodwin RD
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Major diagnosis, Depressive Disorder, Major psychology, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Marijuana Abuse psychology, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Smoking psychology, Smoking Cessation psychology, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology, Marijuana Abuse epidemiology, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking Cessation statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: Mental health and substance use problems are associated with smoking relapse among former smokers. Yet, little is known about the prevalence of mental health and substance use among former smokers in the U.S. In addition, it is unknown whether the prevalence of these conditions has changed over time as former U.S. smokers have grown to outnumber current U.S. smokers. This study, which was conducted in 2018 and 2019, examined the prevalence and trends over time in depression (2005-2016), marijuana use (2002-2016), and alcohol use problems (2002-2016) among former U.S. smokers., Methods: The National Survey on Drug Use and Health is an annual, nationally representative, cross-sectional study. Data from U.S. individuals who were aged ≥18 years in 2002-2016 were included. Former smokers were defined as having smoked ≥100 lifetime cigarettes and no past-year cigarettes., Results: From 2005 to 2016, the prevalence of major depression increased from 4.88% to 6.04% (AOR=1.01, 95% CI=1.00, 1.03, p=0.04). From 2002 to 2016, past-year marijuana use rose from 5.35% to 10.09% (AOR=1.08, 95% CI=1.07, 1.09, p<0.001) among former smokers. Past-month binge alcohol use also increased from 17.22% to 22.33% (AOR=1.03, 95% CI=1.02, 1.04, p<0.001), although the prevalence of past-year alcohol abuse or dependence did not change., Conclusions: Depression and substance use, which are factors associated with increased risk for cigarette use relapse, appear to be increasing over time among former U.S. smokers. Increased awareness of these trends may be important for clinical and public health efforts to direct attention to conditions potentially threatening sustained abstinence among former smokers., (Copyright © 2019 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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4. Socioeconomic Disparities in Smoking Among U.S. Adults With Depression, 2005-2014.
- Author
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Weinberger AH, Bandiera FC, Leventhal AM, Dierker LC, Gbedemah M, Tidey JW, and Goodwin RD
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States epidemiology, Depressive Disorder epidemiology, Smokers statistics & numerical data, Smoking epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study is to estimate changes in the cigarette smoking prevalence among U.S. adults with and without depression from 2005 to 2014 by income and education level and overall., Methods: This study examined data from adult respondents (aged ≥18 years) in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, an annual cross-sectional study of U.S. individuals. Data from the years 2005 to 2014 were analyzed for a total analytic sample of n=378,733. The prevalence of past-month cigarette smoking was examined annually from 2005 to 2014 among adults with and without past-year major depression, overall and by income/education, using linear trend analyses. Data analysis occurred in 2017., Results: The prevalence of smoking declined significantly from 2005 to 2014 among those with depression (37.62% to 34.01%; p<0.001) and without depression (23.99% to 19.87%; p<0.001). Yet, smoking remained nearly twice as common among those with depression during this period. Among adults with depression in the lowest income and education groups, the prevalence of smoking was more than double the prevalence of smoking among adults with depression in the highest income and education groups., Conclusions: Disparities in smoking prevalence are pronounced when depression and SES are considered simultaneously. Targeted public health and clinical efforts to reduce smoking among adult smokers of lower SES with depression are needed., (Copyright © 2018 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
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5. Psychological Distress Among Smokers in the United States: 2008-2014.
- Author
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Zvolensky MJ, Jardin C, Wall MM, Gbedemah M, Hasin D, Shankman SA, Gallagher MW, Bakhshaie J, and Goodwin RD
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- Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychotherapy methods, Smoking therapy, Smoking Cessation methods, Smoking Cessation psychology, Stress, Psychological therapy, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Smokers psychology, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking psychology, Stress, Psychological epidemiology, Stress, Psychological psychology
- Abstract
Introduction: Decline in smoking in the United States has slowed over the past 25 years. Mental health problems are common among smokers, and may be an impediment to quitting and remaining abstinent. The study investigated the relationship between serious (past-30-day) psychological distress (SPD) and smoking, estimated trends in the prevalence of SPD among current, former, and never smokers in the United States from 2008 to 2014, and investigated whether heterogeneity in these trends varied by sociodemographic characteristics., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Household Survey on Drug Use (NSDUH), an annual cross-sectional study of persons ages 12 and over (N = 270 227). SPD and smoking in the past 30 days were examined using logistic regression models among adults 18 and older. The prevalence of SPD was examined annually among current, former, and never smokers from 2008 to 2014., Results: SPD increased among smokers in the United States from 2008 to 2014. An increase in SPD was more rapid among non-daily smokers than daily smokers. The prevalence of SPD was higher among younger smokers, those with less formal education and lower annual family income and higher among current smokers than former and never smokers. The relationships between SPD and smoking were stronger among smokers with higher education levels and annual family income., Conclusions: Our findings suggest an increase in SPD among smokers over time and that as smoking has declined, those with SPD are comprising a greater proportion of the remaining smokers. Results suggest that mental health must be integrated into mainstream tobacco control efforts., Implications: The greater prevalence and increasing rate of Serious Psychological Distress among smokers, relative to former- and never-smokers, from 2008 to 2014 provides support that the greater mental health burden among smokers may be contributing to the slowed reduction in smoking prevalence in the United States. In addition, relationships between SPD and smoking were consistently stronger among smokers with higher levels of education and annual family income. Such results suggest the necessity of incorporating mental health treatments in tobacco use reduction efforts.
- Published
- 2018
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6. Trends in Daily Cannabis Use Among Cigarette Smokers: United States, 2002-2014.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Pacek LR, Copeland J, Moeller SJ, Dierker L, Weinberger A, Gbedemah M, Zvolensky MJ, Wall MM, and Hasin DS
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- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Marijuana Smoking epidemiology, Prevalence, Socioeconomic Factors, Tobacco Products, United States, Young Adult, Smokers statistics & numerical data, Smoking epidemiology
- Abstract
Objectives: To estimate changes in the prevalence of daily cannabis use among current, former, and never cigarette smokers from 2002 to 2014 in the United States., Methods: The National Survey on Drug Use and Health is a nationally representative cross-sectional study conducted annually among persons aged 12 years and older in the United States., Results: Daily cannabis use occurs nearly exclusively among nondaily and daily cigarette smokers compared with former and never smokers (8.03%, 9.01%, 2.79%, 1.05%, respectively). Daily cannabis use increased over the past decade among both nondaily (8.03% [2014] vs 2.85% [2002]; linear trend P < .001) and daily smokers (9.01% [2014]; 4.92% [2002]; linear trend P < .001). Daily cannabis use increased most rapidly among former cigarette smokers (2.79% [2014] vs 0.98% [2002]; linear trend P < .001)., Conclusions: Daily cannabis use occurs predominantly among cigarette smokers in the United States. Daily cannabis use increased among current, former, and never smokers over the past decade, with particularly rapid increases among youth and female cigarette smokers. Future research is needed to monitor the observed increase in daily cannabis use, especially among youths and adults who smoke cigarettes.
- Published
- 2018
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7. Predictors of prenatal smoking and attempted smoking cessation during pregnancy: a community-based study of Romani women in Southeastern Europe.
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Jankovic J, Stamenkovic Z, Stojanovski K, Goodwin RD, and Janevic T
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- Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Middle Aged, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications psychology, Republic of North Macedonia epidemiology, Roma statistics & numerical data, Serbia epidemiology, Young Adult, Pregnancy Complications epidemiology, Roma psychology, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking Cessation statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to examine predictors of prenatal smoking, and attempted smoking cessation during pregnancy among Romani women., Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study (November 2012 to February 2013) of 410 Romani women in Roma settlements in Serbia and Macedonia was conducted. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of prenatal smoking and attempted smoking cessation during pregnancy., Results: Romani women older than 30 years and those who were living with a man were over twice as likely (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-5.46; aOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.27-3.43) to smoke during pregnancy, compared to women <20 and married women, respectively. An inverse relationship between education and prenatal smoking was observed (for primary education versus no education, aOR 0.56, 95% CI 0.32-0.98; for secondary or higher education versus no education, aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.16-0.90). Having a husband/partner who smokes was associated with significantly increased likelihood of prenatal smoking (aOR 3.71, 95% CI 2.20-6.25) and decreased likelihood of attempting to quit (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.24-1.06)., Conclusions: Culturally sensitive and comprehensive prevention strategies and intervention programs are needed to reduce smoking during pregnancy among Romani women, including interventions targeting male partners., (© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Faculty of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com)
- Published
- 2017
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8. Anxiety Sensitivity and Nicotine Replacement Therapy Side Effects: Examining the Role of Emotion Dysregulation Among Treatment-Seeking Smokers.
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Zvolensky MJ, Paulus DJ, Garey L, Raines AM, Businelle M, Shankman SA, Manning K, Goodwin RD, and Schmidt NB
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- Adult, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine administration & dosage, Smokers psychology, Smoking Cessation methods, Anxiety psychology, Smoking psychology, Smoking Prevention methods, Tobacco Use Cessation Devices
- Abstract
Objective: Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) significantly increases the likelihood of quit success at least over the short term, yet some smokers prematurely discontinue use. NRT side effects are often cited as the primary reason for medication discontinuation. The current study examined a theoretical pathway by which two smoking-related emotional vulnerabilities (anxiety sensitivity and emotion dysregulation) were related to the number of NRT (nicotine patch) side effects reported 1 week following a scheduled quit attempt. It was hypothesized that anxiety sensitivity would have an indirect effect on NRT side effects through emotion dysregulation., Method: A total of 179 treatment-seeking, adult daily smokers with elevated anxiety sensitivity (47.5% male; M age = 39.73 years, SD = 13.87) were enrolled in a smoking cessation trial., Results: Covariate-adjusted analyses provided support for the hypothesized pathway, such that emotion dysregulation explained the association between anxiety sensitivity and NRT side effects (b = 0.02, SE = 0.01, 95% CI [0.002, 0.03]; completely standardized estimate = .15)., Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of developing cessation treatments that incorporate techniques to enhance emotion regulation, particularly among smokers higher in anxiety sensitivity, to decrease the risk of NRT side effects.
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- 2017
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9. Cigarette smoking quit rates among adults with and without alcohol use disorders and heavy alcohol use, 2002-2015: A representative sample of the United States population.
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Weinberger AH, Gbedemah M, and Goodwin RD
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- Adult, Cigarette Smoking, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Prevalence, Public Health, United States, Alcoholism epidemiology, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking Cessation statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: While the overall smoking quit rate has increased over time, it is not known whether the quit rate has also increased among persons with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) or heavy alcohol use (HAU). The current study examined quit rates among adults with and without AUDs and HAU over a 12-year period in a representative sample of US adults., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Household Survey on Drug Use, an annual cross-sectional study of US persons. Quit rate (i.e., the rate of former smokers to ever smokers) was calculated annually from 2002 to 2014 (for HAU) and 2015 (for AUD). Time trends in quit rates by AUD/HAU status were tested using linear regression., Results: The prevalence of past-month cigarette smoking was much higher for persons with, compared to without, AUDs (38% vs. 18%) and HAU (49% vs. 19%). In the most recent data year, the quit rate for persons with AUDs was approximately half that of persons without AUDs (26% versus 49%) and for persons with HAU was less than half that of persons without HAU (22% versus 48%). Over time, the smoking quit rate increased for persons with and without AUDs/HAU and the rate of increase was greater for persons with AUDs/HAU. Yet, quit rates for persons with AUDs and HAU remained much lower than persons without AUDs and HAU., Conclusions: It may be beneficial for public health and clinical efforts to incorporate screenings and treatment for tobacco use into programs for adults with AUDs and HAU., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2017
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10. Smoking during pregnancy in the United States, 2005-2014: The role of depression.
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Goodwin RD, Cheslack-Postava K, Nelson DB, Smith PH, Wall MM, Hasin DS, Nomura Y, and Galea S
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- Female, Humans, Income, Logistic Models, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Social Class, United States, Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology, Smoking epidemiology, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Despite success of public health-oriented tobacco control programs in lowering the smoking prevalence over the past several decades, it is unclear whether similar reductions in smoking have been experienced among pregnant women, especially in vulnerable groups such as those with major depression and/or lower socioeconomic status., Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between major depressive episode (MDE) and smoking among pregnant women overall, and by demographics and to estimate changes in the prevalence of cigarette smoking among pregnant women with and without MDE from 2005 to 2014., Study Design: Cigarette use among pregnant women with and without MDE was examined using logistic regression models in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health., Results: Prenatal smoking is more common among pregnant women with, compared to without, MDE (32.5% vs. 13.0%; (adjusted OR=2.50 (1.85, 3.40)), and greater disparities were revealed when also considering income, education and race. Over time, smoking during pregnancy increased significantly among women with MDE (35.9% to 38.4%; p=0.02)) and showed a decreasing trend among women without MDE (12.5% to 9.1%; p=0.07) from 2005 to 2014., Conclusions: Over the past decade, smoking during pregnancy has increased among women experiencing a major depressive episode and is over four times more common among pregnant women with, than without, MDE. Disparities in smoking during pregnancy by MDE status and socioeconomic subgroups appear substantial. Given the multitude of risks associated with both MDE and smoking during the prenatal period, more work targeting this vulnerable and high-risk group is needed., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2017
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11. Depression Among Non-Daily Smokers Compared to Daily Smokers and Never-Smokers in the United States: An Emerging Problem.
- Author
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Weinberger AH, Gbedemah M, Wall MM, Hasin DS, Zvolensky MJ, Chaiton M, and Goodwin RD
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- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Depression complications, Depression epidemiology, Smokers statistics & numerical data, Smoking epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Depression is strongly associated with daily smoking. Yet, little is known about the association between depression and non-daily smoking. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of past-year depression and changes in past-year depression over time among non-daily smokers, compared to daily smokers and never-smokers, overall and stratified by age, gender, income, nicotine dependence, and cigarettes per day., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Household Survey on Drug Use (NSDUH), an annual cross-sectional study of persons aged 12 and over (total study population N = 496 805). The prevalence of past-year depression was examined annually among non-daily smokers, daily smokers, and never-smokers from 2005 to 2013 using linear trend analyses., Results: Past-year depression was common among 10.10% of non-daily smokers, common among 10.78% of daily smokers, and 5.51% of never-smokers in 2013. The prevalence of depression increased from 2005 to 2013 among non-daily smokers (9.06% vs. 10.10%; p = .034) while there was no significant change in depression over time among daily smokers. Increases in depression among non-daily smokers occurred for both men and women and appear most pronounced youth, those smoking fewer cigarettes, and those without nicotine dependence., Conclusions: The prevalence of depression among non-daily smokers was equivalent to daily smokers and nearly twice that among nonsmokers. Depression appears to be increasing over time in non-daily smokers especially among youth, those who smoke less, and those without nicotine dependence. More work on the mental health of non-daily smokers is needed as this is an increasing and understudied group., Implications: This is the first study to investigate changes in the prevalence of depression among non-daily smokers compared to daily smokers and never-smokers over the past decade in a nationally representative sample of the United States. The results suggest an increase in depression among non-daily smokers over time that did not similarly occur for daily smokers. Further, there were several subgroups of non-daily smokers among whom depression has increased more rapidly. This study suggests the need for more information about the relationship between depression and non-daily smoking including the impact of depression on quit attempts and outcomes., (© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2017
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12. Serious Psychological Distress and Smoking During Pregnancy in the United States: 2008-2014.
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Goodwin RD, Cheslack-Postava K, Nelson DB, Smith PH, Hasin DS, Janevic T, Bakoyiannis N, and Wall MM
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- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression psychology, Female, Health Services, Health Surveys, Humans, Logistic Models, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Smoking psychology, Stress, Psychological psychology, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Anxiety epidemiology, Depression epidemiology, Pregnant Women psychology, Smoking epidemiology, Stress, Psychological epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: The current study examined the relationship between acute (past 30 day) and recent (past year but not past 30 day) serious psychological distress (SPD) and smoking during pregnancy among women in the United States overall, stratified by demographic characteristics, and described the change in the prevalence of prenatal smoking among women with and without SPD, from 2008 to 2014., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), an annual cross-sectional study of US persons aged 12 and over. SPD and smoking in the past 30 days among pregnant women, aged 18 and older, were examined using logistic regression models. Heterogeneity in this association by demographic characteristics, trends over time, and level of cigarette consumption was also examined., Results: Prenatal smoking was common. Almost 40% of pregnant women with acute SPD reported smoking, 23% of pregnant women with recent SPD smoked, and 11.7% of pregnant women without recent SPD smoked. No significant change was found in the prevalence of prenatal smoking from 2008 to 2014 in any of these groups. Robust relationships were found between acute (OR = 5.05 [3.64-6.99]) and recent SPD (OR = 2.37 [1.74-3.24]) and smoking; these findings remained after adjusting for demographics., Conclusions: SPD and smoking during pregnancy are strongly associated; this relationship is present across all sociodemographic groups and the prevalence of smoking in pregnancy has remained relatively unchanged over the past decade both in the presence and absence of SPD., Implications: SPD and smoking in pregnancy are robustly linked; the prevalence of smoking in pregnancy is extremely high in women with SPD. Screening women with mental health problems for prenatal smoking, as well as screening pregnant smokers for mental health problems, seems warranted and may assist more women in seeking and utilizing treatment options. Efforts to reduce the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy might specifically target women with SPD, where the potential for impact is substantial., (© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2017
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13. Depression among current, former, and never smokers from 2005 to 2013: The hidden role of disparities in depression in the ongoing tobacco epidemic.
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Goodwin RD, Wall MM, Garey L, Zvolensky MJ, Dierker L, Galea S, Gbedemah M, Weinberger AH, Williams JM, Hu MC, and Hasin DS
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- Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder diagnosis, Depressive Disorder psychology, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Income, Male, Middle Aged, Smoking psychology, United States, Young Adult, Depressive Disorder epidemiology, Epidemics statistics & numerical data, Healthcare Disparities statistics & numerical data, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking Cessation psychology, Smoking Cessation statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: After declining sharply for many years, the prevalence of smoking has remained fairly stable over the past decade. One possible explanation is that there has been an increase in the prevalence of barriers to cessation, like depression, among remaining smokers., Objectives: To estimate changes in the prevalence of depression among current, former and never smokers in the United States (U.S.) population from 2005 to 2013 overall and by age, gender, and income., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Household Survey on Drug Use (NSDUH), an annual cross-sectional study of persons ages 12 and over (N=496,805). The prevalence of past 12-month depression was examined annually among current (past 12-month), former (not past 12-month), and lifetime non-smokers from 2005 to 2013. Data were re-analyzed stratified by age, gender, and household income, and adjusted for demographics., Results: Depression appears to have significantly increased in the United States from 2005 to 2013 among current, former, and never smokers. Depression prevalence increased among current smokers overall, but the increase among former and never smokers was even more prominent. Striking temporal changes emerged by age, gender and income. Specifically, (1) depression increased significantly among current smokers aged 12-17 (from 16% to 22%, p-value=0.0002) and the prevalence was consistently more than twice as high as that of never smokers; (2) depression increased among male smokers (6.19%-7.82%, p-value=0.0099); (3) depression increased significantly among smokers in the highest income group (6.36% to 8.91%, p-value=0.0400). Throughout this period, the prevalence of depression among current smokers was consistently twice as high as among former and never smokers., Discussion: Public health efforts aimed at decreasing the prevalence of smoking should take depression into account, a common and modifiable barrier whose treatment may help to increase successful smoking cessation. Future work is needed to disentangle the role of smoking and other factors that lead to increases in depression in the US population., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
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14. Panic attack history and smoking topography.
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Farris SG, Brown LA, Goodwin RD, and Zvolensky MJ
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- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Panic Disorder psychology, Smoking adverse effects, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Products adverse effects, Panic Disorder epidemiology, Reinforcement, Psychology, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking psychology
- Abstract
Background: Little is known about panic attacks and puffing topography, a behavioral index of the value of smoking reinforcement. This study examined smoking style during the course of smoking of a single cigarette among adult daily smokers with and without a history of panic attacks., Method: Participants (n=124, M
age =43.9, SD=9.7; 44.4% female) were non-treatment seeking daily smokers. Lifetime panic attack history was assessed via diagnostic assessment; 28.2% (n=35) of the sample had a panic attack history. Participants smoked one cigarette during an ad libitum smoking trial. Puff volume, duration, and inter-puff interval were measured using the Clinical Research Support System (CReSS) pocket device., Results: Regression analyses revealed that panic attack status was not associated with significant differences in average puff volume, duration, or inter-puff interval. Multi-level modeling was used to examine puffing trajectories. Puff-level data revealed that there was a significant quadratic time x panic effect for puff volume and duration. Those with a panic attack history demonstrated relatively sustained levels of both puff volume and duration over time, whereas those without a history of panic attacks demonstrated an increase followed by a decrease in volume and duration over time. These effects were not accounted for by the presence of general psychopathology., Discussion: Smokers with a panic attack history demonstrate more persistent efforts to self-regulate the delivery of nicotine, and thus may be at risk for continued smoking and dependence. Tailored treatment may be needed to address unique vulnerabilities among this group., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this paper., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2017
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15. Cigarette Smoking Is Associated With Increased Risk of Substance Use Disorder Relapse: A Nationally Representative, Prospective Longitudinal Investigation.
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Weinberger AH, Platt J, Esan H, Galea S, Erlich D, and Goodwin RD
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Prospective Studies, Recurrence, Risk, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology, Tobacco Use Disorder epidemiology, United States, Young Adult, Smoking adverse effects, Smoking epidemiology, Substance-Related Disorders rehabilitation, Tobacco Use Disorder rehabilitation
- Abstract
Objective: Little is known about the relationship between cigarette smoking and long-term outcomes for substance use disorder (SUD). The current study examined the association between smoking and SUD relapse among adults with remitted SUDs., Methods: Analyses were conducted on respondents who completed Waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions and met DSM-IV criteria for substance abuse and dependence prior to but not during the year before the Wave 1 interview (n = 5,515). Relationships between smoking status (Wave 2 smoking vs nonsmoking among Wave 1 smokers; Wave 2 smoking vs nonsmoking among Wave 1 nonsmokers) and Wave 2 substance use and SUD relapse were examined using logistic regression analyses. Analyses were adjusted for demographics, psychiatric and alcohol use disorders, nicotine dependence, and SUD severity., Results: In the fully adjusted models, continued smoking at Wave 2 among Wave 1 smokers was associated with significantly greater odds of substance use (OR = 1.56, 95% CI, 1.10-2.20) and SUD relapse (OR = 2.02, 95% CI, 1.65-2.47) compared to Wave 2 nonsmoking. In the fully adjusted model, smoking at Wave 2 among Wave 1 nonsmokers was associated with significantly greater odds of SUD relapse compared to Wave 2 nonsmoking (OR = 4.86, 95% CI, 3.11-7.58)., Conclusions: Continued smoking among smokers and smoking initiation among nonsmokers were associated with greater odds of SUD relapse. More research is needed to examine the timing of SUD relapse in relation to smoking behaviors. Incorporating smoking cessation and prevention efforts into substance abuse treatment may improve long-term substance use outcomes for adult smokers with SUDs., (© Copyright 2017 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.)
- Published
- 2017
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16. A review of epidemiologic research on smoking behavior among persons with alcohol and illicit substance use disorders.
- Author
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Weinberger AH, Funk AP, and Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Australia, Humans, Smoking Cessation, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, United States, Alcohol-Related Disorders, Smoking epidemiology, Substance-Related Disorders
- Abstract
Persons with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and substance use disorders (SUDs) appear to be heavily affected by cigarette smoking. In order to address the consequences of smoking in this population, an understanding of the current state of knowledge is needed. Epidemiologic research provides the opportunity to obtain detailed information on smoking behaviors in large community samples. The aim of this paper was to synthesize the epidemiologic evidence on smoking among persons with AUDs/SUDs and suggest directions for future research. Literature searches of Medline and PubMed were used to identify articles and additional articles were elicited from publication reference lists. To be included in the review, papers had to be published in English, analyze epidemiologic data, and examine an aspect of smoking behavior in persons with AUDs/SUDs. Twenty-nine studies met inclusion criteria and were included in the review. In summary, epidemiologic evidence to date suggests greater lifetime and current smoking, nicotine dependence, and non-cigarette tobacco use; lower quitting; and differences in quit attempts and withdrawal symptoms for persons with AUDs/SUDs compared to other people. Most studies examined nationally representative data and were conducted on persons in the United States and Australia. Few publications examined outcomes by demographics (e.g., gender, age) but these studies suggested that specific patterns differ by demographic subgroups. More research is needed on persons with AUDs/SUDs in order to develop the most effective public health and clinical interventions to reduce smoking behaviors, improve cessation outcomes, and reduce the harmful consequences of smoking for those with AUDs/SUDs., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
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17. Prevalence and correlates of hookah use: a nationally representative sample of US adults ages 18-40 years old.
- Author
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Grinberg A and Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Socioeconomic Factors, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Smoking epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Hookah use may be increasing among adults in the US. Information on the prevalence and correlates of hookah use in the adult population is relatively limited., Objectives: To determine the prevalence of current (past 30-day) and lifetime use of hookah among adults ages 18-40 in the US and to investigate the socio-demographic characteristics associated with lifetime use., Methods: Data were drawn from the Tobacco Use Supplement of the Current Population Survey data from May 2010, August 2010, and January 2011 (n = 85,545). Logistic regression was used to examine various demographic correlates of lifetime hookah use., Results: Among 18-40 year olds, the past month prevalence rate of hookah use was 0.6% and the lifetime prevalence rate of hookah use was 3.9%. Being male, non-Hispanic white, having higher levels of educational attainment, having never been married, not having any children, earning less than $20,000 annually, residing in the Midwest or western US, being a student, and being a cigarette smoker were associated with increased likelihood of lifetime hookah use. The prevalence of hookah use among current, cigarette smokers was 7.9%, more than double that of the general adult population., Conclusions: Hookah use is significantly more common among cigarette smokers and among various demographic subgroups among general adult population. Given the risks associated with hookah and poly-tobacco use, targeted public health efforts are recommended. Additionally, health-care providers may consider expanding screening tests to include hookah use.
- Published
- 2016
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18. Gender differences in self-reported withdrawal symptoms and reducing or quitting smoking three years later: A prospective, longitudinal examination of U.S. adults.
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Weinberger AH, Platt JM, Shuter J, and Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking therapy, Smoking Cessation methods, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome epidemiology, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome therapy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Time Factors, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Self Report, Sex Characteristics, Smoking psychology, Smoking Cessation psychology, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome psychology
- Abstract
Background: Little is known about gender differences in withdrawal symptoms among smokers in the community. This study used longitudinal epidemiologic data to examine gender differences in current smokers' report of withdrawal symptoms during past quit attempts and the relationship between withdrawal symptoms and the odds of reducing or quitting smoking three years later., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC; Wave 1, 2001-2001, n=43,093; Wave 2, 2004-2005, n=34,653). Analyses were conducted on respondents who reported current daily cigarette smoking at Wave 1 (n=6911). Withdrawal symptoms during past quit attempts were assessed at Wave 1. Current smoking status was assessed at Wave 2., Results: Wave 1 current smoking women, compared to men, were more likely to endorse any withdrawal symptoms, withdrawal-related discomfort, and withdrawal-related relapse (ps<0.0001). Women endorsed a greater number of withdrawal symptoms than men (M=2.37, SE=0.05 versus M=1.78, SE=0.04; p<0.0001). The odds of reducing and quitting smoking were significantly lower for respondents who reported any Wave 1 withdrawal symptoms, withdrawal-related discomfort, and withdrawal-related relapse. These relationships did not differ for women versus men. Among men, the odds of reducing smoking at Wave 2 decreased significantly with each cumulative withdrawal symptom compared to women (β interaction=0.87; p=0.01)., Conclusions: Women were more likely to report withdrawal while the relationship between withdrawal symptoms and decreased likelihood of reducing smoking was stronger in men. Identifying gender differences in withdrawal can help develop strategies to help reduce withdrawal for both men and women., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2016
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19. Cigarette smoking and the onset and persistence of panic attacks during mid-adulthood in the United States: 1994-2005.
- Author
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Bakhshaie J, Zvolensky MJ, and Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Panic Disorder psychology, Prognosis, Smoking psychology, United States epidemiology, Panic Disorder epidemiology, Panic Disorder etiology, Smoking adverse effects, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking Cessation psychology
- Abstract
Objective: The current study examined the relationship between cigarette smoking (daily) and risk of onset and persistence of panic attacks over a 10-year period among adults in mid-adulthood in the United States and whether quitting smoking reduced the risk for panic attacks., Method: Data were drawn from the Midlife Development in the United States Survey (N = 2,101), a nationally representative sample of adults aged 25 to 74 years at baseline (wave 1, 1994-1995) who were followed up 10 years later at wave 2 (2004-2006). Psychiatric diagnoses were based on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short-Form (CIDI-SF [based on DSM-III-R criteria]) scales. Logistic regressions were used to evaluate the associations between smoking status and the onset and persistence of panic attack after controlling for demographic characteristics and substance use problems., Results: Daily smoking in 1994 (OR = 1.9 [95% CI, 1.1-3.3]) and persistent daily smoking in 1994 and 2005 (OR = 2.6 [95% CI, 1.4-4.8]) were associated with a significantly increased likelihood of panic attacks in 2005. Moreover, smoking abstinence significantly reduced the risk of new-onset panic attacks (OR = 0.6 [95% CI, 0.4-0.97]) and persistence of panic attacks (OR = 0.2 [95% CI, 0.1-0.5])., Conclusions: The present data provide novel evidence that smoking is associated with an increased risk of panic attacks and that quitting smoking helps reduce such risk., (© Copyright 2016 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.)
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- 2016
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20. Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Alcohol Use Relapse Among Adults in Recovery from Alcohol Use Disorders.
- Author
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Weinberger AH, Platt J, Jiang B, and Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mood Disorders epidemiology, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology, Tobacco Use Disorder epidemiology, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Alcoholism epidemiology, Alcoholism prevention & control, Smoking epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Individuals in recovery from alcohol use disorders (AUDs) frequently continue to smoke cigarettes. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between cigarette smoking status and risk of AUD relapse in adults with remitted AUDs among adults in the United States., Methods: Data were drawn from Wave 1 (2001 to 2002) and Wave 2 (2004 to 2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Analyses included the subsample of respondents who completed both waves of data collection reported a history of alcohol abuse and/or dependence prior to Wave 1 (N = 9,134). Relationships between Wave 1 cigarette smoking status (nonsmoker, daily cigarette smoker, and nondaily cigarette smoker) and Wave 2 alcohol use, abuse, and dependence were examined using logistic regression analyses. Analyses were adjusted for Wave 1 demographics; mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders; nicotine dependence; and AUD severity., Results: Both daily and nondaily cigarette smoking at Wave 1 were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of alcohol use and a greater likelihood of alcohol abuse and dependence at Wave 2 compared to Wave 1 nonsmoking. These relationships remained significant after adjusting for demographics, psychiatric disorders, substance use disorders, AUD severity, and nicotine dependence., Conclusions: Among adults with remitted AUDs, daily and nondaily use of cigarettes was associated with significantly decreased likelihood of alcohol use and increased likelihood of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence 3 years later. Concurrent treatment of cigarette smoking when treating AUDs may help improve long-term alcohol outcomes and reduce the negative consequences of both substances., (Copyright © 2015 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.)
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- 2015
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21. Cigarette smoking and the onset and persistence of depression among adults in the United States: 1994-2005.
- Author
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Bakhshaie J, Zvolensky MJ, and Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age of Onset, Depression etiology, Depressive Disorder, Major etiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Smoking Cessation, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Depression epidemiology, Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology, Smoking psychology
- Abstract
Background: The present study investigated the relationship between daily cigarette smoking and risk of onset and persistence of major depressive disorder (MDD) over a 10-year period among adults in the United States and whether successful smoking cessation reduced the risk for MDD., Method: Data were drawn from the Midlife Development in the United States Survey (MIDUS; n=2101) Waves I and II. Logistic regressions were used to investigate the relations between smoking and the onset and persistence of MDD, adjusting for demographic characteristics and substance use problems., Results: Daily smoking in 1994 [OR=1.9 (1.2-3.2)] and persistent daily smoking (in 1994 and 2005) [OR=2.2 (1.3-3.7)] were both associated with a significantly increased likelihood of MDD in 2005. Additionally, abstinence, compared to daily smoking, for more than 10years significantly reduced the risk of MDD in 2005 [OR=0.5 (0.3-0.87)] and persistent MDD in 1994 and 2005; [OR=0.5 (0.3-0.87)]., Conclusions: Findings from this study provide new insights into the role of smoking in the onset and persistence of MDD. Namely, among those in mid-adulthood, smoking is associated with greater MDD risk and quitting may help to reduce such risk. These results suggest that there may be merit in targeting smoking to reduce the risk of MDD and the mental health benefits of quitting smoking in the form of reduced risk of MDD could usefully be added to common information listed as reasons to quit., (Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
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- 2015
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22. Big five personality factors and cigarette smoking: a 10-year study among US adults.
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Zvolensky MJ, Taha F, Bono A, and Goodwin RD
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- Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mood Disorders epidemiology, Mood Disorders psychology, Personality Inventory, United States epidemiology, Personality, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking psychology
- Abstract
The present study examined the relation between the big five personality traits and any lifetime cigarette use, progression to daily smoking, and smoking persistence among adults in the United States (US) over a ten-year period. Data were drawn from the Midlife Development in the US (MIDUS) I and II (N = 2101). Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between continuously measured personality factors and any lifetime cigarette use, smoking progression, and smoking persistence at baseline (1995-1996) and at follow-up (2004-2006). The results revealed that higher levels of openness to experience and neuroticism were each significantly associated with increased risk of any lifetime cigarette use. Neuroticism also was associated with increased risk of progression from ever smoking to daily smoking and persistent daily smoking over a ten-year period. In contrast, conscientiousness was associated with decreased risk of lifetime cigarette use, progression to daily smoking, and smoking persistence. Most, but not all, associations between smoking and personality persisted after adjusting for demographic characteristics, depression, anxiety disorders, and substance use problems. The findings suggest that openness to experience and neuroticism may be involved in any lifetime cigarette use and smoking progression, and that conscientiousness appears to protect against smoking progression and persistence. These data add to a growing literature suggesting that certain personality factors--most consistently neuroticism--are important to assess and perhaps target during intervention programs for smoking behavior., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2015
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23. Major depressive disorder and smoking relapse among adults in the United States: a 10-year, prospective investigation.
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Zvolensky MJ, Bakhshaie J, Sheffer C, Perez A, and Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Adult, Depressive Disorder, Major diagnosis, Female, Health Surveys methods, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Recurrence, Smoking Cessation methods, United States epidemiology, Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology, Depressive Disorder, Major psychology, Health Surveys trends, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking psychology, Smoking Cessation psychology
- Abstract
This study investigated the relation between major depressive disorder (MDD) and smoking relapse in the U.S. over a 10-year period. Data were drawn from the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) Survey Waves I & II. Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the associations between past-year MDD in 1994, past-year MDD in 2005 and persistent depression (1994 and 2005) and risk of smoking relapse in 2005 among former smokers, adjusting for demographics, anxiety disorders, and substance use problems and smoking characteristics. Among former smokers, MDD in 1994, compared to without MDD in 1994, was associated with significantly increased odds of smoking relapse by 2005. Current MDD in 2005 was associated with an even stronger risk of relapse in 2005 and persistent depression even more strongly predicted relapse by 2005. These associations remained significant and were not substantially attenuated by the covariates. In conclusion, MDD appears to confer long-term vulnerability to smoking relapse among adults in the general population. These results suggest interventions for smoking cessation should include screening and treatment for MDD if programs are to be optimally effective at achieving initial quit success as well as enduring abstinence., (Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.)
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- 2015
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24. Drug use, abuse, and dependence and the persistence of nicotine dependence.
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Goodwin RD, Sheffer CE, Chartrand H, Bhaskaran J, Hart CL, Sareen J, and Bolton J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Smoking trends, Substance-Related Disorders diagnosis, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Alcohol-Related Disorders diagnosis, Alcohol-Related Disorders epidemiology, Data Collection methods, Smoking epidemiology, Tobacco Use Disorder diagnosis, Tobacco Use Disorder epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Illicit drug use and nicotine dependence (ND) frequently co-occur. Yet, to date very few studies have examined the role of alcohol and illicit drug use in ND persistence. The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationships between specific classes of drug use, abuse, and dependence and the persistence of ND over time among adults in the United States., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, a national survey of 34,653U.S. adults interviewed between 2001-2002 and reinterviewed 3 years later. Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the relationships between various classes of drug use, abuse, and dependence among adults with ND at Wave 1 and the odds for persistent ND at Wave 2. Analyses were adjusted for differences in demographic characteristics, mood/anxiety disorders, alcohol use disorders, and other substance use disorders., Results: Lifetime drug use was not associated with significantly increased likelihood for persistent ND. Sedative abuse was associated with increased odds for nicotine persistence, but no other types of drug abuse were predictive of ND persistence, after adjusting for demographics, mood/anxiety, and alcohol use disorders. All types of drug dependence were associated with persistence of ND; the strongest associations emerged between opioid and tranquilizer dependence and persistent ND, while the associations between cannabis and cocaine dependence were no longer significant after adjusting for mood/anxiety disorders., Conclusions: Clinicians should take care to evaluate the presence and/or history of drug dependence among patients seeking treatment for smoking cessation. These data suggest that a history of substance dependence predicts increased vulnerability to persistent ND., (© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2014
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25. Childhood maltreatment and the persistence of smoking: a longitudinal study among adults in the US.
- Author
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Taha F, Galea S, Hien D, and Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Adult, Child, Child Abuse classification, Child Abuse statistics & numerical data, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Smoking Cessation psychology, Stress, Psychological, United States, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse psychology, Child Abuse psychology, Smoking psychology
- Abstract
The current study examined the relationship between childhood maltreatment-emotional, physical, and severe physical maltreatment-and the initiation and persistence of smoking. Data were drawn from the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) Survey Waves 1 and 2. Frequency of childhood emotional, physical, and severe physical maltreatment (never, rare, intermittent, frequent) reported at Wave 1 was examined in relation to ever smoking, smoking daily, and persistent daily smoking at Waves 1 and 2. Logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals), which were then adjusted for potential confounders. Childhood emotional, physical, and severe physical maltreatment were associated with increased odds of ever smoking, smoking daily, and persistent smoking at Waves 1 and 2. The majority of these associations remained significant after adjusting for confounding variables. These results suggest a history of trauma may play a prominent role in recalcitrant cigarette smoking and suggest that the success rates of treatments for smoking cessation may be improved by integrating trauma treatment where appropriate., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
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26. Early life exposure to cigarette smoke and depressive symptoms among women in midlife.
- Author
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Elmasry H, Goodwin RD, Terry MB, and Tehranifar P
- Subjects
- Adult, Child, Cohort Studies, Depression diagnosis, Depression epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects diagnosis, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects epidemiology, Risk Factors, Smoking epidemiology, Young Adult, Depression psychology, Maternal Exposure adverse effects, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects psychology, Smoking adverse effects, Smoking psychology, Tobacco Smoke Pollution adverse effects
- Abstract
Introduction: Active cigarette smoking has consistently been associated with depression, but little is known about the association between other cigarette smoke exposures, particularly in early life, and depression. We investigated whether exposures to maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSP) and childhood secondhand smoke (SHS) are associated with depressive symptoms in midlife., Methods: Pregnant mothers were enrolled and were provided data on maternal smoking and other parental characteristics. Female offspring were followed through age 7 years and again in midlife (age range = 38-44 years), when they provided data on smoking history, SHS across the life course, and current depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)., Results: Participants exposed to MSP had a higher risk for depression (risk ratio [RR] = 1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08, 3.09) than those without MSP exposure. Relative to those with no MSP and no childhood SHS exposures, participants with MSP and childhood SHS had more than twice the risk of depressive symptoms (RR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.07, 5.41). Further adjustment for adult factors, particularly current smoking, substantially reduced these associations (e.g., MSP vs. no MSP exposure: RR = 1.36 [95% CI = 0.75, 2.45])., Conclusions: Early life exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with increased risk for depression in midlife, with the association largely mediated by active smoking. These findings support a role for early life cigarette exposures in shaping smoking and depression risks in later life, and they provide some support for the direction of smoke exposure influence on depression., (© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2014
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27. Hookah use among college students: prevalence, drug use, and mental health.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Grinberg A, Shapiro J, Keith D, McNeil MP, Taha F, Jiang B, and Hart CL
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Comorbidity, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Students psychology, Universities, Young Adult, Drug Users statistics & numerical data, Smoking epidemiology, Students statistics & numerical data, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: There is consistent evidence that hookah use is as, if not more, harmful than cigarette use. Yet, hookah users underestimate the potential deleterious effects of hookah use. This study examined the rates of hookah use and associated demographic characteristics in a sample of undergraduates at a small Northeastern university. This study also examined the relationships between hookah use and other substance use, mental health problems, and perceived levels of stress., Methods: Data were drawn from the Spring 2009 American Health Association-National College Health Assessment (ACHA-NCHA) at one small, Northeastern university (N=1799). The relationships between hookah use and other substance use, mental health problems, and perceived stress levels were examined using logistic regression analyses., Results: Hookah use (in the past month) was reported among 14.1% (253/1799) of this sample of undergraduates. Hookah users were more likely to use other substances, including cigarettes, cannabis, alcohol, cocaine, and amphetamines. The strongest associations emerged between hookah use and alcohol and cigarette use. There were no significant associations found between hookah use and any mental health problems or perceived stress levels., Conclusions: Hookah users are significantly more likely to use other substances, including alcohol, cigarettes, cannabis, cocaine, and amphetamines compared with non-hookah users. In contrast to cigarette smoking, hookah use does not appear to be associated with mental health problems or perceived stress levels in this sample of undergraduates. Further investigation into the prevalence and correlates of hookah use is needed in representative population samples., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
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28. Changes in the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders among male and female current smokers in the United States: 1990-2001.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Wall MM, Choo T, Galea S, Horowitz J, Nomura Y, Zvolensky MJ, and Hasin DS
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety Disorders diagnosis, Comorbidity, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Regression Analysis, Sex Factors, Smoking psychology, Tobacco Use Disorder psychology, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Mood Disorders epidemiology, Smoking epidemiology, Tobacco Use Disorder epidemiology
- Abstract
Purpose: The present study investigated whether the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders has increased over time among current smokers and whether these trends differ by gender and in comparison with nonsmokers., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Comorbidity Survey (1990) and the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (2001), representative samples of the US adult population. Binomial regression analyses were used to determine differences between mood and anxiety disorders among current smokers in 1990 and 2001 and whether these differed by gender and in comparison with those who were former or never current smokers., Results: Any anxiety disorder, panic attacks, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and dysthymia were all significantly more common among current smokers in 2001 compared with 1990 and except for social anxiety disorder these increases were significantly greater than any trend found in non-smokers. Increases in panic attacks, social anxiety disorder, and dysthymia were more pronounced in female than in male smokers. Major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder were not found to increase over time among smokers., Conclusions: The prevalence of several anxiety disorders and dysthymia among current smokers appears to have increased from 1990 to 2001. Future studies are needed to determine whether these trends have continued. If so, interventions aimed at moving the prevalence lower may have limited success if treatment of mental health problems such as anxiety disorders and certain mood disorders are not considered in the development and dissemination of tobacco control programs., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
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29. Symptoms of alcohol dependence and smoking initiation and persistence: a longitudinal study among US adults.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Kim JH, Weinberger AH, Taha F, Galea S, and Martins SS
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Alcohol Drinking psychology, Alcoholism epidemiology, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Anxiety Disorders psychology, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Educational Status, Ethnicity, Female, Humans, Income, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Mood Disorders epidemiology, Mood Disorders psychology, Neuropsychological Tests, Prospective Studies, Sex Factors, Smoking epidemiology, Socioeconomic Factors, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Alcoholism psychology, Smoking psychology
- Abstract
Background: A large number of adults report symptoms of, but do not meet diagnostic criteria for, an alcohol use disorder. Yet, little is known about the relationship between symptoms of alcohol use disorders and the initiation and persistence of smoking. This study prospectively examines the relationship between having 1-2 symptoms of alcohol dependence (without abuse) and smoking initiation and persistence as well as nicotine dependence over a 3-year period among adults in the United States., Methods: Data were drawn from Wave 1 (2001-2002) and Wave 2 (2004-2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Relationships between Wave 1 symptoms of alcohol dependence, alcohol abuse, and alcohol dependence and initiation and persistence of cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence at Wave 2 were examined using logistic regression analyses. Analyses were adjusted for demographics, mood and anxiety disorders., Results: Symptoms of alcohol dependence were associated with smoking initiation at Wave 2. There was no association between symptoms of alcohol dependence and smoking persistence. Symptoms of alcohol dependence predicted incident and persistent nicotine dependence. Findings persisted after adjusting for demographic characteristics and mood/anxiety disorders., Conclusions: Even 1-2 symptoms of alcohol dependence are associated with increased vulnerability to smoking initiation and onset and persistence of nicotine dependence at a similar strength as alcohol use disorders. Efforts at smoking cessation must address problematic alcohol use, even at the subclinical level, in order to improve efficacy., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
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30. Mental disorders and smoking trajectories: a 10-year prospective study among adolescents and young adults in the community.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Perkonigg A, Höfler M, and Wittchen HU
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mental Disorders psychology, Prospective Studies, Smoking psychology, Young Adult, Mental Disorders diagnosis, Mental Disorders epidemiology, Residence Characteristics, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking trends
- Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have documented an association between mental disorders and onset of cigarette smoking. Yet, there is little understanding of the potential impact of mental disorders on trajectories of smoking over time. The objective of this study was to investigate this relationship among adolescents over a 10-year span., Methods: Data were drawn from the Early Developmental Stages of Psychopathology Study, a 10-year prospective investigation of youth in Germany. Growth mixture modeling was used to identify smoking trajectories and logistic regression analyses were used to examine relationships between mental disorders and subsequent trajectories., Results: Four trajectories were identified: non-users; increasing use; decreasing use; persistent use. Alcohol/drug use disorders, stress disorders, anxiety disorders, somatoform disorder and nicotine dependence were associated with nicotine use (as compared to the non-smoker class). However, comparisons between trajectories of nicotine use showed that any stress disorder predicted only decreasing use compared to the other two trajectories; nicotine dependence, alcohol/illicit drug use disorders as well as panic disorder and somatoform disorders were inversely associated with increasing use; nicotine dependence and alcohol/drug use disorders were associated with persistent use., Conclusions: Several mental disorders appear to be non-specific markers of the range of smoking trajectories while others predict specific trajectories. Numerous disorders (e.g., alcohol/drug use disorders) do not appear to occur only prior to and predict increased smoking trajectory as had been previously suggested, but rather they also occur concurrently, with high levels of smoking and in some cases smoking persists at a steady level over time., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
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31. Smoking is a predictor of depression onset among National Guard soldiers.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Prescott M, Tamburrino M, Calabrese JR, Liberzon I, and Galea S
- Subjects
- Adult, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Military Personnel statistics & numerical data, Risk Factors, United States epidemiology, Depressive Disorder epidemiology, Military Personnel psychology, Smoking epidemiology
- Abstract
This report examines the relationship between smoking and depression in a sample of American soldiers. Persistent, active smoking is associated with increased risk of incident depression at follow up. History of smoking in the absence of current smoking at baseline was not associated with depression at follow-up., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
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32. Cigarette smoking and subsequent risk of suicidal ideation among National Guard Soldiers.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Prescott MR, Tamburrino M, Calabrese JR, Liberzon I, and Galea S
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Ohio epidemiology, Risk Factors, Suicide, Tobacco Products, Young Adult, Military Personnel psychology, Smoking psychology, Suicidal Ideation
- Abstract
Background: Suicide rates are alarmingly high among military personnel, and particularly Army National Guard soldiers. Smoking is also disproportionately common in the military. In this study, we intend to investigate the relationship between cigarette smoking and suicidal ideation among a representative sample of national guard soldiers., Methods: A representative sample of Ohio Army National Guard soldiers were followed prospectively and information was gathered on smoking, suicidal ideation and depression at baseline and one year later., Results: Smoking at baseline was associated with significantly increased likelihood of suicidal ideation at follow-up (OR=2.0 (1.3, 3.2)). This association persisted after adjusting for demographics and history of depression at baseline, but was no longer statistically significant after adjusting for depression at follow-up., Limitations: Measurement of smoking was somewhat limited., Conclusions: Army National Guard soldiers who smoke have a greater risk of subsequent suicidal ideation. Depression concurrent with suicidal ideation appears to explain this relationship. If these results are replicated, screening of soldiers who smoke may be recommended as a proactive step towards mitigating the high risk of suicide in military personnel., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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33. Childhood respiratory symptoms and mental health problems: the role of intergenerational smoking.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Seeley JR, and Lewinsohn PM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Cohort Studies, Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Odds Ratio, Oregon epidemiology, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Depressive Disorder epidemiology, Dyspnea epidemiology, Parents, Smoking epidemiology, Tobacco Smoke Pollution statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of youth smoking, parental cigarette smoking and parental anxiety/depressive disorders in the relationship between respiratory symptoms and mental health problems among youth., Working Hypothesis: Adjusting for both parental smoking and parental anxiety/depressive disorders in the association between respiratory symptoms and mental health problems among young persons will significantly reduce the strength of the observed relationship., Study Design: Prospective cohort study. PATIENT-SUBJECT SELECTION: Data were drawn from a school-based sample of 1709 young persons in Oregon., Methodology: Physical and mental health data were collected on youth., Results: Respiratory symptoms were associated with significantly increased odds of mental health problems among youth. After adjusting for youth smoking, the relationship between respiratory symptoms and depressive disorders was no longer statistically significant. The relationships between respiratory symptoms and anxiety and depressive disorders were no longer significant after adjusting for parental smoking. Parental anxiety/depressive disorders did not appear to influence these relationships., Conclusions: These results provide initial evidence that exposure to parental smoking may play a role in the observed co-occurrence of respiratory and mental health problems in youth, and youths' own smoking appears to influence the link with depressive disorders, but not anxiety disorders., (Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
- Published
- 2013
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34. Mental disorders and cigarette use among adults in the United States.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Zvolensky MJ, Keyes KM, and Hasin DS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (U.S.), Tobacco Use Disorder epidemiology, United States epidemiology, Anxiety Disorders complications, Mood Disorders complications, Smoking epidemiology, Tobacco Use Disorder complications
- Abstract
Background: The goal of this study was to determine the association between mental disorders and cigarette consumption and nicotine dependence., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), a nationally representative survey of adults (N = 43,093) aged 18 and older. Relationships between specific anxiety disorders, mood disorders, nondependent cigarette use, nicotine dependence among the whole sample, and nicotine dependence among cigarette users were examined., Results: After adjusting for demographics and comorbid mental disorders, generalized anxiety disorder (OR = 1.16 (1.29-1.51)), specific phobia (OR = 1.35 (1.21-1.51)), panic disorder (PD) (OR = 1.90 (1.62-2.23)), major depression (MDD) (OR = 1.31 (1.16-1.48)), and bipolar disorder (OR = 1.30 (1.09-1.54)) were associated with increased likelihood of nondependent cigarette use. Specific phobia (OR = 1.69 (1.49-1.91)), PD (OR = 1.82 (1.50-2.21)), MDD (OR = 1.59 (1.38-1.84)), and bipolar disorder (OR = 1.71 (1.39-2.09)) were associated with increased odds of nicotine dependence among the whole sample; social phobia (OR = 1.69 (1.19-2.40)), specific phobia (OR = 1.69 (1.43-2.01)), MDD (OR = 1.65 (1.34-2.02)), and bipolar disorder (OR = 2.38 (1.74-3.24)) were associated with increased risk of nicotine dependence among cigarette users., Conclusions: Specific anxiety disorders and mood disorders were uniquely associated with nondependent cigarette use, nicotine dependence among the whole sample, and the risk of nicotine dependence among cigarette users in the United States. Findings suggest that demographic differences, comorbid mood, anxiety, substance, and personality disorders all contributed to previously observed associations between mental disorders and nicotine dependence, explaining these links in some but not all cases., (Copyright © American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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35. Does current versus former smoking play a role in the relationship between anxiety and mood disorders and nicotine dependence?
- Author
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Grover KW, Goodwin RD, and Zvolensky MJ
- Subjects
- Adult, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Mood Disorders epidemiology, Recurrence, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking Cessation psychology, Tobacco Use Disorder epidemiology, United States epidemiology, Anxiety Disorders psychology, Mood Disorders psychology, Smoking psychology, Tobacco Use Disorder psychology
- Abstract
Objective: Research suggests an association between nicotine dependence and anxiety/mood disorders. Yet, less is known about the role of current versus former smoking in the association between nicotine dependence and these psychiatric disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relations between anxiety/mood disorders and 1) nicotine dependence and 2) current versus former smoking., Method: Data were drawn from the 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions, a nationally representative sample of over 43,000 adults in the United States. Analyses examined whether dependent versus non-dependent smoking and current versus former smoking were associated with anxiety/mood disorders., Results: Current dependent, but not non-dependent, smoking was associated with significantly increased odds of anxiety/mood disorders. There was no association between anxiety/mood disorders and former dependent smoking, compared with never smoking. However, compared with never smoking, former non-dependent smoking was associated with significantly decreased odds of current anxiety/mood disorders., Conclusions: Current dependent smoking was positively associated with current anxiety/mood disorders, and former non-dependent smoking was negatively associated with current anxiety/mood disorders. The present research is important for understanding the relation between nicotine dependence and anxiety/mood disorders, and why it may be difficult for people with these disorders to quit smoking. The results from this study indicate that greater clinical attention could be directed toward the role of anxiety/mood disorders in smoking cessation., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2012
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36. Depression, anxiety, and COPD: the unexamined role of nicotine dependence.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Lavoie KL, Lemeshow AR, Jenkins E, Brown ES, and Fedoronko DA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety chemically induced, Comorbidity, Depression chemically induced, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Mental Disorders chemically induced, Mental Disorders epidemiology, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Phobic Disorders chemically induced, Phobic Disorders epidemiology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive chemically induced, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking psychology, Time Factors, Tobacco Use Disorder psychology, Young Adult, Anxiety epidemiology, Depression epidemiology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive epidemiology, Smoking adverse effects, Tobacco Use Disorder epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Previous studies have shown links between anxiety and depression and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but little is known about possible mechanisms of this association. The current study examined whether the observed relationship between anxiety and depression and COPD is explained by confounding due to cigarette smoking and lifetime nicotine dependence., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication, a community-based representative sample of adults in the United States., Results: Analyses suggest that the association between anxiety disorders and COPD appears to be largely explained by confounding by former cigarette smoking and lifetime nicotine dependence. The association between mood disorders and COPD appears to be largely explained by confounding by lifetime nicotine dependence., Conclusions: These findings provide initial evidence suggesting that the association between anxiety, depression, and COPD may be at least partly attributable to confounding by cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence. Efforts toward prevention of chronic lung disease may be more effective if treatment and prevention efforts aimed at smoking cessation address mental health problems.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Childhood physical abuse and respiratory disease in the community: the role of mental health and cigarette smoking.
- Author
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Goodwin RD and Wamboldt FS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Asthma etiology, Asthma psychology, Bronchitis etiology, Bronchitis psychology, Child, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Odds Ratio, Pulmonary Emphysema etiology, Pulmonary Emphysema psychology, Respiratory Tract Diseases psychology, Retrospective Studies, Self Report, Smoking psychology, United States, Anxiety Disorders complications, Child Abuse psychology, Child Abuse statistics & numerical data, Depression complications, Panic Disorder complications, Respiratory Tract Diseases etiology, Smoking adverse effects
- Abstract
Introduction: Previous studies have found an association between child abuse and respiratory disease in some populations, but the mechanisms remain unknown, and this association has not been examined in a representative community-based sample. The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between childhood physical abuse and the odds of respiratory disease and to investigate the role of depression, anxiety, and pack-years of smoking in this association., Methods: Data were drawn from the Midlife Development in the United States Survey (n = 3,032), a representative sample of adults aged 25-74 years. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between childhood abuse and current respiratory disease (past 12 months) and to examine whether pack-years of smoking, depression, and anxiety disorders mediated the relationship., Results: Individuals who often experienced childhood abuse had a significantly increased odds of respiratory disease (odds ratio [OR] = 1.87 [1.21, 2.90]). The association was attenuated, after adjusting for demographic characteristics and pack-years of smoking, and was no longer significant after adjusting for depression and anxiety disorders., Conclusions: These results are consistent with previous data suggesting a significant association between childhood abuse and respiratory disease and extend existing knowledge by providing initial evidence that demographic differences, depression and anxiety disorders, and lifetime cigarette smoking may mediate this observed relationship. Results require replication with longitudinal data in large community-based samples. Future studies that can explore potential biological mechanisms underlying the observed associations, such as immune factors, are needed next to better understand these relationships.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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38. Predictors of persistent nicotine dependence among adults in the United States.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Pagura J, Spiwak R, Lemeshow AR, and Sareen J
- Subjects
- Adult, Affect, Age Factors, Anxiety epidemiology, Anxiety psychology, Anxiety Disorders psychology, Comorbidity, Depression epidemiology, Depression psychology, Educational Status, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mood Disorders psychology, Personality, Personality Disorders psychology, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Smoking psychology, Tobacco Use Disorder psychology, United States epidemiology, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Mood Disorders epidemiology, Personality Disorders epidemiology, Smoking epidemiology, Tobacco Use Disorder epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests that nicotine dependence is the key barrier to successful smoking cessation. No previous study has documented predictors of persistent nicotine dependence among adults in the community. The goal of this study is to prospectively identify predictors of continued nicotine dependence over a 3-year period among adults., Methods: Data were drawn from Waves I and II of the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), a nationally representative sample of 34,653 adults in the United States. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the odds of persistent nicotine dependence at Wave 2 given the presence of various sociodemographic and psychiatric predictors at Wave 1., Results: Mood, anxiety, personality and illicit substance use disorders were associated with significantly increased risk of persistent nicotine dependence. The strength of these relationships was attenuated slightly after adjusting for demographic differences, but remained statistically significant. Persistent nicotine dependence was more common among unmarried, younger females with lower income levels and lower educational attainment., Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study is the first to prospectively identify predictors of persistent nicotine dependence among adults. Our results suggest that the incorporation of mental health treatment into alternative smoking cessation approaches may help to increase the effectiveness of these programs and that a greater focus of these services on vulnerable segments of the population is needed in order to reduce continued disparities in smoking in the general population., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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39. Personality disorders and cigarette smoking among adults in the United States.
- Author
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Zvolensky MJ, Jenkins EF, Johnson KA, and Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Adult, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Anxiety Disorders psychology, Comorbidity, Female, Humans, Male, Mood Disorders epidemiology, Mood Disorders psychology, Personality Disorders psychology, Risk Factors, Sampling Studies, Tobacco Use Disorder epidemiology, United States epidemiology, Personality Disorders epidemiology, Smoking epidemiology, Smoking psychology, Tobacco Use Disorder psychology
- Abstract
Introduction: There is a paucity of empirical information pertaining to the association between personality disorders and cigarette smoking. The present study examined whether, and to what degree, personality disorders are associated with cigarette smoking; investigated the specificity of any observed smoking-personality disorder association; and the role of mood/anxiety disorders, substance use, and nicotine dependence in those relations., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), a nationally representative sample of 43,083 adults in the United States., Results: Results indicated a substantial percentage of those with personality disorders are nicotine dependent. Interestingly, the association between dependent, avoidant, histrionic, schizoid and paranoid personality disorders as well as former dependent smoking was partially explained by co-occurring mood/anxiety disorders, and adjusting for such clinical conditions appeared to generally attenuate the strength of many other associations. Finally, the association between personality disorders and smoking appears to differ by specific personality disorder, with some of the strongest relations being evident for antisocial personality disorder., Discussion: These novel empirical findings are discussed in relation to the relevance of cigarette smoking among those with personality disorders., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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40. The relationship between anxiety disorders and substance use among adolescents in the community: specificity and gender differences.
- Author
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Wu P, Goodwin RD, Fuller C, Liu X, Comer JS, Cohen P, and Hoven CW
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Agoraphobia diagnosis, Agoraphobia epidemiology, Agoraphobia psychology, Alcohol Drinking psychology, Anxiety Disorders diagnosis, Anxiety Disorders psychology, Anxiety, Separation diagnosis, Anxiety, Separation epidemiology, Anxiety, Separation psychology, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders diagnosis, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders epidemiology, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders psychology, Comorbidity, Depressive Disorder diagnosis, Depressive Disorder epidemiology, Depressive Disorder psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder diagnosis, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder epidemiology, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder psychology, Phobic Disorders diagnosis, Phobic Disorders epidemiology, Phobic Disorders psychology, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Smoking psychology, Substance-Related Disorders diagnosis, Substance-Related Disorders psychology, United States, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Illicit Drugs, Residence Characteristics, Smoking epidemiology, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
Using a sample of 781 adolescents (ages 13-17, 52.8% male) from a community survey, this study examined gender differences in the co-occurrence of specific anxiety disorders with substance use in adolescents. The associations between anxiety disorders and substance use differed according to the particular anxiety disorders and forms of substance use being examined, as well as by gender. Social phobia was associated with cigarette smoking among boys only. For girls, social phobia appeared to be negatively associated with drug use. For the other anxiety disorders, the associations with substance use tended to be stronger among girls. These findings highlight the need to improve clinical recognition of the anxiety disorders and to improve treatment access for afflicted adolescents. Future studies based on longitudinal data could further elucidate the relationships among anxiety disorders, gender, and substance use.
- Published
- 2010
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41. Maternal mental health and childhood asthma among Puerto Rican youth: the role of prenatal smoking.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Canino G, Ortega AN, and Bird HR
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Asthma epidemiology, Asthma ethnology, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Maternal Welfare statistics & numerical data, Mental Disorders complications, New York City epidemiology, Odds Ratio, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimesters, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects etiology, Puerto Rico epidemiology, Smoking ethnology, Asthma etiology, Hispanic or Latino statistics & numerical data, Maternal Welfare ethnology, Mental Health, Smoking adverse effects, Smoking psychology
- Abstract
Rationale: Childhood asthma is a major public health problem, with mainland and island Puerto Rican children having the highest asthma rates of any ethnic group in the United States., Objectives: To examine the relationship between maternal mental health problems, prenatal smoking, and risk of asthma among children in Puerto Rico and the Bronx, New York., Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in the South Bronx in New York City and the San Juan Standard Metropolitan Area in Puerto Rico. Participants were Puerto Rican children 5 to 13 years of age and their adult caretakers with probability samples of children 5 to 13 years of age and their caregivers drawn at two sites: the South Bronx in New York City (n = 1,135) and San Juan and Caguas, Puerto Rico (n = 1,351)., Measurements: Self-reported maternal mental health, prenatal smoking, and rates of childhood asthma. Results. Maternal mental health problems were associated with significantly higher levels of prenatal smoking, compared with that among women without mental health problems (p < 0.0001). Both maternal mental health problems and prenatal smoking appear to make a contribution to increased odds of asthma among youth. After adjusting for prenatal smoking, the relationship between maternal mental health problems and childhood asthma was no longer statistically significant., Conclusions: Previous research suggests children of Puerto Rican descent are especially vulnerable to asthma. Our results suggest that maternal mental health problems and prenatal smoking are both associated with increased odds of asthma among Puerto Rican youth and that prenatal smoking may partly explain the observed relationship between maternal psychopathology and childhood asthma. Future longitudinal and geographically diverse epidemiological studies may help to identify the role of both maternal mental health problems and prenatal smoking in the health disparities in childhood asthma.
- Published
- 2009
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- View/download PDF
42. Intergenerational transmission of chronic physical disease via chronic mental disorders: the potential role of addictive behaviors.
- Author
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Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Asthma epidemiology, Asthma prevention & control, Child, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders epidemiology, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects epidemiology, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects prevention & control, Public Health, Smoking Prevention, Tobacco Smoke Pollution prevention & control, Tobacco Use Disorder epidemiology, Tobacco Use Disorder prevention & control, Asthma psychology, Mental Disorders psychology, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects psychology, Smoking adverse effects, Tobacco Smoke Pollution adverse effects, Tobacco Use Disorder psychology
- Abstract
There has been growing evidence of a link between chronic respiratory diseases, asthma in particular, and mental disorders among youth. The mechanism for this link remains unknown. Several studies have empirically addressed the question of this pathway, and accumulating results may shed new light on the nature of this association. The goal of the current paper is to provide an integrative summary of the literature to date and to present a new interdisciplinary hypothesis for one possible mechanism explaining the link between asthma and anxiety/depression among youth. This hypothesis posits that comorbid anxiety/depression and nicotine dependence among adults, may be one pathway leading to the comorbidity of asthma and anxiety/depression among youth. We propose this mechanism operates via exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and/or prenatal tobacco use, which confers an increased risk for asthma, and parental anxiety/depression which confers increased risk of anxiety/depression among offspring via familial transmission. We predict that further testing of this hypothesis will help to reveal the largely neglected problem of nicotine dependence especially among women - and the far-reaching impact of this addiction on the health of children.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Household smoking and childhood asthma in the United States: a state-level analysis.
- Author
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Goodwin RD and Cowles RA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Prevalence, Social Class, United States epidemiology, Air Pollutants adverse effects, Asthma epidemiology, Asthma etiology, Smoking adverse effects, Tobacco Smoke Pollution adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: The reason for the substantial geographic variation in the prevalence of childhood asthma is not known., Objective: To investigate the association between exposure to cigarette smoking in the home and childhood asthma at the state-level, toward improving current understanding of geographic variation in childhood asthma rates., Methods: Data were drawn from the National Children's Health Survey (NCHS, 2003), a representative sample (n = 102,000) of youth 0 to 17 years of age in the United States. Household smoking and asthma in children were reported by parents. Air quality for each state was obtained from Environmental Protection Act (EPA) reports, and state-level poverty reports were obtained from the US Department of Agriculture., Results: Household smoking was associated with a statistically significant increase in risk of asthma among children at the state level (p = 0.026). This association did not appear to be influenced by outdoor air quality at the state level or socioeconomic position., Conclusions: These results are the first to show a link between cigarette smoking in the home and childhood asthma at a state-level in the United States.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Asthma and suicidal ideation with and without suicide attempts among adults in the United States: what is the role of cigarette smoking and mental disorders?
- Author
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Clarke DE, Goodwin RD, Messias EL, and Eaton WW
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Asthma psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders psychology, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Smoking psychology, Suicide, Attempted psychology, United States epidemiology, Asthma epidemiology, Mental Disorders epidemiology, Smoking epidemiology, Suicide psychology, Suicide, Attempted statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: Evidence of a respiratory diseases and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts link exists. To improve our understanding of the mechanism underlying these links, there is a need for examination of the relationship between specific respiratory disease, such as asthma, and suicidal ideation and behavior. In addition, studies need to examine many common risk factors that may play a role in the association between asthma and suicidal ideation and suicide behavior., Objective: To examine the association between asthma and suicidal ideation with and without attempts among adults in the United States, specifically investigating the role of cigarette smoking, nicotine dependence, depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse., Methods: Data on 5,692 individuals 18 years and older were drawn from the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the study objectives., Results: The estimates of lifetime prevalence for suicidal ideation without and with attempts and asthma were 8.7%, 4.2%, and 12.0%, respectively. Being a woman, a current smoker, depressed, anxious, an alcohol abuser, or nicotine dependent increased the likelihood of suicidal ideation with attempts and asthma. Asthma was significantly (P < .001) associated with suicidal ideation with but not without attempts. Adjustment for smoking, nicotine dependence, age, sex, and race/ethnicity decreased the association between asthma and suicidal ideation with attempts by 16%. Similarly, adjustment for depression, panic disorder, and alcohol abuse led to a 12.4% decrease in this relationship. Despite these adjustments, independently or combined, a statistically significant (P = .02) association remained between asthma and suicidal ideation with attempts., Conclusions: Cigarette smoking and concurrent mental health conditions may independently account for significant proportions of the association between asthma and suicidal ideation with attempts. More research is needed to further elucidate the mechanism of the remaining association between asthma and suicide attempts. Modification of smoking behaviors and effective treatment of depression, anxiety, alcohol abuse, and possibly asthma are important suicide prevention strategies.
- Published
- 2008
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45. Negative reinforcement/negative affect reduction cigarette smoking outcome expectancies: incremental validity for anxiety focused on bodily sensations and panic attack symptoms among daily smokers.
- Author
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Zvolensky MJ, Gonzalez A, Bonn-Miller MO, Bernstein A, and Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Adult, Fear, Female, Humans, Male, Regression Analysis, Affect drug effects, Anxiety psychology, Panic Disorder psychology, Reinforcement, Psychology, Sensation, Smoking psychology
- Abstract
The present investigation evaluated the incremental validity of negative reinforcement/negative affect reduction smoking outcome expectancies in the prediction of anxious and fearful responding to bodily sensations. Participants included 171 daily smokers (82 women, 89 men; mean age = 25.67 years, SD = 10.54). Consistent with prediction, negative reinforcement/negative affect reduction smoking outcome expectancies were significantly predictive of anxiety focused on bodily sensations and postchallenge intensity of cognitive panic attack symptoms, but not of physical panic symptoms. The observed effects were evident above and beyond the statistically significant variance accounted for by the covariates of anxiety sensitivity, negative affectivity, cigarettes per day, and weekly alcohol use and independent of other smoking outcome expectancy factors. Findings are discussed in terms of the role of negative reinforcement/negative affect reduction smoking outcome expectancies and vulnerability for panic symptoms and psychopathology., (2008 APA)
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Environmental tobacco smoke and the epidemic of asthma in children: the role of cigarette use.
- Author
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Goodwin RD
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Asthma etiology, Asthma genetics, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Prevalence, Smoking epidemiology, Time Factors, United States epidemiology, Asthma epidemiology, Smoking adverse effects, Tobacco Smoke Pollution adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: Asthma is the most common chronic disease affecting youth worldwide. The prevalence of asthma has increased at least 3-fold during the past several decades. The reason for this increase remains unknown., Objective: To examine one possible factor that may be affecting the increase in prevalence of asthma among youth., Methods: Data on the incidence of asthma among youth were aggregated using the National Health Interview Survey (sample of 4,500 children) and were compared on an ecologic level with data on cigarette consumption in the United States from 1900 to 2003 from the American Lung Association., Results: Our results suggest a parallel increase in the rates of cigarette use among adults and asthma in children. These findings show an increase in cigarette use during the past 4 birth cohorts, with subsequent leveling off at a population level with a progressively more prominent increase in cigarette use among women in the United States., Conclusion: We present one possible factor that may be contributing to the epidemic of childhood asthma. We hypothesize that (1) there has been a marked increase in smoking during the past century, (2) this increase in smoking has resulted in a substantial increase in exposure to environmental tobacco smoke among children, and (3) increased exposure to environmental tobacco smoke has contributed to the increase in childhood asthma. Data on trends in cigarette use among adults and asthma prevalence among children during the past century are presented as ecological evidence in support of this hypothesis. Future studies will be needed to confirm these findings with community-level analyses in a variety of geographic regions.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Cigarette smoking and panic attacks among young adults in the community: the role of parental smoking and anxiety disorders.
- Author
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Goodwin RD, Lewinsohn PM, and Seeley JR
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Data Collection, Female, Humans, Male, Oregon epidemiology, Panic Disorder epidemiology, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Risk, Smoking epidemiology, Anxiety Disorders psychology, Panic Disorder psychology, Parents psychology, Smoking psychology
- Abstract
Background: The goal of the current study is to examine the association between cigarette smoking and panic attacks and panic disorder among youth and to investigate parental anxiety disorders and parental cigarette smoking in these links., Methods: Data were drawn from the Oregon Adolescent Depression Project (OADP) (n = 1709). Cigarette smoking and panic attacks and panic disorder were assessed at three time points from adolescence to young adulthood., Results: Daily cigarette smoking at Time 1 was associated with a significantly increased risk of panic attacks (odds ratio [OR] = 2.6 [1.3, 5.3]) and panic disorder (OR = 4.2 [2.0, 8.9]) at Time 3. After adjusting for parental anxiety disorder and parental smoking, the association between cigarette smoking and panic attack was no longer statistically significant (OR = 2.0 [.9, 4.5]), though the association between cigarette smoking and panic disorder remained (OR = 3.7 [1.6, 8.9]). The association between smoking and panic was not evident between smoking and other anxiety disorders., Conclusions: These findings replicate previous results showing cigarette smoking in adolescence is associated with an increased risk of panic attacks and panic disorder in early adulthood and provide initial evidence that parental anxiety and parental smoking may play a role.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The Relationship between Anxiety Disorders and Substance Use among Adolescents in the Community: Specificity and Gender Differences
- Author
-
Wu, Ping, Goodwin, Renee D., and Fuller, Cordelia
- Abstract
Using a sample of 781 adolescents (ages 13-17, 52.8% male) from a community survey, this study examined gender differences in the co-occurrence of specific anxiety disorders with substance use in adolescents. The associations between anxiety disorders and substance use differed according to the particular anxiety disorders and forms of substance use being examined, as well as by gender. Social phobia was associated with cigarette smoking among boys only. For girls, social phobia appeared to be negatively associated with drug use. For the other anxiety disorders, the associations with substance use tended to be stronger among girls. These findings highlight the need to improve clinical recognition of the anxiety disorders and to improve treatment access for afflicted adolescents. Future studies based on longitudinal data could further elucidate the relationships among anxiety disorders, gender, and substance use.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Cigarette dependence is more prevalent and increasing among US adolescents and adults who use cannabis, 2002-2019.
- Author
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Weinberger, Andrea H., Dierker, Lisa, Jiaqi Zhu, Levin, Jacob, and Goodwin, Renee D.
- Subjects
DRUG addiction ,CANNABIS (Genus) ,SUBSTANCE abuse ,SMOKING cessation ,PUBLIC health ,RESEARCH funding ,SMOKING ,LOGISTIC regression analysis - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Menthol cigarette use among adults who smoke cigarettes, 2008 to 2020: Rapid growth and widening inequities in the United States.
- Author
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Goodwin, Renee D, Ganz, Ollie, Weinberger, Andrea H, Smith, Philip H, Wyka, Katarzyna, and Delnevo, Cristine D
- Subjects
- *
MENTHOL , *SMOKING , *CIGARETTES , *BLACK people , *MENTAL illness - Abstract
Introduction: In April 2021, the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration announced its intention to issue a product standard banning menthol as a characterizing flavor in cigarettes. Given the potential relevance of national estimates of menthol use to pending legislation, this study estimated the prevalence of menthol use among US adults who smoke cigarettes in 2020 and investigated changes in menthol use from 2008-2019 by sociodemographics, mental health, and substance use.Methods: Nationally representative annual, cross-sectional data from individuals ages 18 and older residing in the US from the 2008-2019 and 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were analyzed using logistic and linear regression models to estimate trends in menthol use among adults who smoke cigarettes by sociodemographic, mental health and substance use variables (total analytic sample 2008-2019 n=128,327).Results: In 2020, 43.4% of adults who smoked cigarettes in the past-month used menthol. Menthol use was most common among Black adults (80%) and over 50% of those Hispanic, female, young (ages 18-34), lesbian/gay, with serious psychological distress, and with cigar use used menthol. Menthol use increased among adults who used cigarettes from 2008 to 2019, overall, and grew more rapidly among adults ages 26-34, Hispanic, light cigarette use (1-5 per day) and those who smoked cigars.Conclusions: Menthol use has increased among US adults who smoke cigarettes over the past decade. Enacting menthol bans could have a widespread public health impact, especially among younger and minoritized groups.Implications: Menthol cigarette use increased among individuals who smoke cigarettes across from 2008 to 2019 in the US. In 2020, over 40% of smokers used menthol, and menthol use was considerably higher among adult smokers from racial/ethnic minoritized groups, who were younger and who reported mental health problems. The US Food and Drug Administration seeks to ban menthol as a characterizing flavor in cigarettes; our results suggest that such ban is likely to have a wide-ranging impact on public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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