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Atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology is employed to encapsulate inverted indium-tin-oxide-free polymer solar cells (IFSCs) with a structure of Al/TiOx/P3HT:PC61BM/PEDOT:PSS. The encapsulation layer, Al2O3, is deposited by ALD on the light incident surface. The thickness of the Al2O3 layer can thus be optimized through optical simulation to minimize light loss of IFSCs. Based on optical calculation, we encapsulated the device (85 nm thick active layer) with a 30 nm thick Al2O3 layer. The resulting ALD encapsulated IFSCs show much better device performance and higher stability than the glass-encapsulated ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the flexibility of polymer film, cone-shaped polymer solar cells (PSCs) are fabricated and studied. Effective light trapping is achieved due to multi-absorption in all 360° directions. Monte Carlo ray tracing is used to simulate the absorption of cone-shaped PSCs with two variables: wavelength and half cone angle. With an inverted indium-tin-oxide-free device structure, a 43% enhanced light utilization without loss of material utilization is realized in the cone-shaped PSCs with a half cone angle of 45°, compared with the planar PSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]