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The article offers information on the dark current spectroscopy (DCS) technique which can be used for the detection and identification of metallic contaminants present at low concentration in electronic equipments. It informs that the technique works to estimate the concentration and helps in determining its dissemination mode during the contamination process. It provides information on the working of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor.

This paper presents the conception and fabrication of a microsystem for lanthanides separation and its coupling with a multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer for isotope ratio measurements. The lanthanides separation is based on the isotachophoresis technique and the microsystem conception has been adapted in order to fit with glove box limitations in view of future spent nuclear fuels analysis. The micro-device was tested by using a mixture of standard solutions of natural elements and the separation of 13 lanthanides was successfully performed. The micro-device was then coupled to a multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer for the on-line measurements of Nd and Sm isotope ratios. The isotopes of Nd and Sm were acquired online in multicollection mode after separation of the two elements with an injection amount of 5 ng. Results obtained on the Nd and Sm isotope ratio measurements on transient signals are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Successful early attrition of potentialproblematic compounds isof great importance in the pharmaceutical industry. The lead compoundin a recent project targeting neuropathic pain was susceptible tometabolic bioactivation, which produced reactive metabolites and showedcovalent binding to protein. Therefore, as a part of the backup seriesfor this compound several structural modifications were explored tomediate the reactive metabolite and covalent binding risk. A homomorpholinecontaining series of compounds was identified without compromisingpotency. However, when these compounds were incubated with human livermicrosomes in the presence of GSH, Cys-Gly adducts were identified,instead of intact GSH conjugates. This article examines the formationof the Cys-Gly adduct with AZX ([M+H]+486) as a representativecompound for this series. The AZX-Cys-Gly-adduct ([M+H]+662) showed evidence of ring contraction by formation of a thiazolidine-glycineand was additionally shown to be unstable. During its isolation forstructural characterization by 1H NMR spectroscopy, itwas found to have decomposed to a product with [M+H]+446.The characterization and identification of this labile GSH-derivedadduct using LC-MS/MS and 1H NMR are described, along withobservations around stability. In addition, various structurally relatedtrapping reagents were employed in an attempt to further investigatethe reaction mechanism along with a methoxylamine trapping experimentto confirm the structure of the postulated reactive intermediate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]