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The paper presents a novel adaptive stator ground fault protection scheme with fault location capability for high-impedance grounded synchronous generators. The protection scheme uses already available neutral grounding signals in the existing subharmonic injection protection to obtain a Kalman adaptive filter (KAF) for real-time stator insulation parameter estimation. The KAF estimator yields a method of continuous tracking of stator insulation condition during healthy operations. This information is then used for real-time stator ground fault detection as well as fault location. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using extensive experiments performed on a lab-scale unit-connected generating station. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel adaptive stator-ground fault protection scheme based on third-harmonic differential voltages is implemented on a lab scale synchronous generator. The lab scale generator is used to emulate the fault characteristics of industrial generators along the stator windings. Simulations based on finite element analysis methods were used to design and tune the laboratory testbed. Experimental results prove the expected fault characteristics as well as fault detection capability of the adaptive stator-ground fault protection scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]