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Fossil BDELLIDAE 279. Bdella vetusta Ewing, 1934: 58; Manitoban amber (Cretaceous, ~ 76–79 Ma), Cedar Lake, Manitoba, Canada. Type deposition. ROME. 280. Bdella lata Koch & Berendt, 1854: 872 —not Bdella lata Ewing (1909b); Baltic amber (~44 Ma). 281. Bdella bicincta Menge in Koch & Berendt, 1854: 108 —Baltic amber (~44 Ma). 282. Bdella bombycina Menge in Koch & Berendt, 1854: 108 —Baltic amber (~44 Ma). 283. Bdella obconica Menge in Koch & Berendt, 1854: 108 —Baltic amber (~44 Ma). 284. Bdellidae sp. (Aoki 1974 apud Dunlop et al. 2012).

Cyta von Heyden Cyta von Heyden, 1826: 608; Thor, 1930a: 89; 1931a: 16; Oudemans, 1937: 1232; Meyer & Ryke, 1959: 377; Atyeo, 1960a: 416; 1963a: 121, 177; Soliman & Zaher 1975: 74; Den Heyer, 1981: 32; Michocka, 1987: 72. Amonia Koch, 1836: 7; type species Amonia cruciata Koch, 1836: 7; Berlese, 1893: 43. Ammonia, Koch, 1842: 75. Cytobdella Mihelčič, 1958a: 271; type species Bdella (Cytobdella) cytoides Mihelčič, 1958a by original designation; synonymy according to Atyeo (1963a: 121). Troglobdella Oudemans, 1937: 1228; type species Troglobdella obisium (Gervais, 1841), Scirus obisium Gervais, 1841 by original designation; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a: 417). Rigibdella Tseng, 1978; type-species Rigibdella ignea Tseng, 1978: 48 by original designation; new synonym. Type-species: Scirus latirostris Hermann, 1804 by original designation. 65. Cyta americana (Banks, 1902b): 171; Washington D.C., USA. Original designation: Ammonia americana Banks. ��� Cyta americana; Banks, 1907: 596; 1915: 25; Hernandes et al., 2011: 808. Remarks. Although Thor (1931a) treated this species as a synonym of C. latirostris, they have different chaetotaxy on the palpfemur (6���7 in the latter species and 4 in C. americana) (Hernandes 2013); also, the proximal setae of the chelicerae is approximately three times the length of the distal setae (2x in C. latirostris). Type deposition. MCZ. 66. Cyta brevipalpa Ewing, 1909b: 73; Ewing & Webster, 1912: 129; under bark on soft maple tree, Illinois, USA. Type deposition. USNM. 67. Cyta coerulipes (Dug��s, 1834): 21; Europe, unknown locality.��� Thor, 1931a: 20; Willmann, 1939c: 431; 1956: 241; 227; Den Heyer, 1981: 32 (ssp.��� quadrisetosus). Original designation: Bdella coerulipes Dug��s. ��� Walckenaer & Gervais, 1844: 156. a. Amonia chlorophana Koch, 1836: 8; Amonia chloropus, Koch, 1842: 76; Bdella chloropus (Koch), Berlese, 1883: 214; synonymy according to Berlese (1891, 1893). b. Amonia leucocephala Koch, 1839: 1; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 531; Oudemans, 1937: 1238; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 20). c. Bdella crassirostris Kramer, 1881: 442; synonymy according to Thor (1931a). d. Ammonia coerulipes; Berlese, 1893: 44. e. Cyta lutea George, 1912: 236; synonymy according to Thor (1931a). f. Bdella robustirostris Ewing, 1913: 112; synonymy according to Thor (1931a). g. Cyta coeruleipes; Hull, 1918: 37. Distribution. Morocco (Thor 1931b), Austria (Willmann 1951), Spain (Mihelčič 1958b), Panama, Haiti, Cuba, Mexico (San Luis Potos��, Guerrero, Tamaulipas, Hidalgo), United States (California, Colorado, Texas), Alaska (Umiat) and Sudan Bor (Atyeo 1960a), Georgia (Gomelauri 1963b), Switzerland (Schweizer & Bader 1963), Bulgaria (Sosnina et al. 1965), Egypt (Soliman 1975), Syria (Lattakia) (Soliman & Zaher 1975), Ukraine (Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a), Afrotropical (Natal) (Den Heyer 1981), Poland (Michocka 1987), Brazil (Hernandes et al. 2011), Iran (Beyzavi et al. 2011). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a), Michocka (1987). Remarks. There is confusion between the names Amonia chlorophana Koch and A. chloropus Koch���both names are present in Koch (1836) in the contents page and in text, respectively. Type deposition. Unknown. 68. Cyta cytoides (Mihelčič, 1958a): 271 comb. nov.; in a damp cave in brown clay, Guadarrama Mountains, Cercedilla, Spain. Original designation: Bdella (Cytobdella) cytoides Mihelčič. Remarks. Mihelčič (1958a) illustrates a massive and stout chelicera for this species, a key diagnostic feature for the genus Cyta; therefore this species is herein transferred to the latter genus. Type deposition. Laboratorium Faunistica y Ecolog��a Animal, Instituto de Edafolog��a, Madrid. 69. Cyta grandjeani Gomelauri, 1963a: 169; Tbilisi, Georgia, ex soil, lichens, grass, oak and juniper tree. Kuznetsov & Livshits (1979a: 56). Remarks. Cyta veneta grandjeani Lombardini, 1964: 106 is a junior homonym; although the date printed in Lombardini is 1962, the issue appeared only in 1964. Type deposition. Unknown. 70. Cyta flava Mihelčič, 1958a: 270; between Ciempozuelos and Chinch��n, Spain, on soil. Type deposition. Laboratorium Faunistica y Ecolog��a Animal, Instituto de Edafolog��a, Madrid. 71. Cyta ignea (Tseng, 1978): 48 comb. nov.; Taipu, Chiayi Hsien, Taiwan, on litter. Original designation: Rigibdella ignea Tseng. Remarks. The rationale for moving this species to Cyta was given in the discussion before the taxonomic section. Type deposition. Supposedly at BSMI, but probably lost (C-C Ho, pers. comm.). 72. Cyta kauaiensis Swift & Goff, 1987: 38; Kauai I, Hawaii, ex litter in Metrosideros sp. (Myrtaceae) tree hole. Remarks. Female unknown. Type deposition. BPBM. 73. Cyta latirostris (Hermann, 1804): 62; France, ex moss. Original designation: Scirus latirostris Hermann. ��� Oudemans, 1929: 314. Cyta latirostris, Thor, 1902: 160; Oudemans, 1902: 54; Thor, 1904b: 72; B��bler, 1910: 812. Other names: Leptus latirostris, Lamarck, 1838: 63; Ammonia latirostris, Koch, 1839: 3; Koch, 1842: 76; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 531; Berlese, 1891: 4; Bdella latirostris, Walckenaer & Gervais, 1844: 157; 1847: 531; Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877: 107; Berlese, 1883: 214. a. Ammonia cruciata Koch, 1836: 7; Anders��n, 1863: 185; Berlese, 1893: 44; Oudemans, 1937: 1235; Bdella cruciata; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1844: 156 synonymy according to Berlese (1893). b. Ammonia leucocephala Koch, 1839: 23; 1842: 76; Bdella leucocephala (Koch), Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877: 106; synonymy according to Berlese (1893). c. Ammonia megacephala Koch, 1839: 23; 1842: 76; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 531; Berlese, 1893: 44; Oudemans, 1937: 1239; synonymy according to Berlese (1893). d. Bdella phoenicea Koch, 1839: 7; 1842: 74; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 531; Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877: 103; Thor, 1931a: 36; Oudemans, 1937: 1213; synonym of Bdella vulgaris according to Berlese (1893). f. Bdella cruentata Koch, 1839: 10; 1842: 74; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 532; Anders��n, 1863: 185; Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877: 102; Thor, 1931a: 37; Oudemans, 1937: 1192; synonym of Bdella vulgaris according to Berlese (1893). g. Bdella crassirostris Kramer, 1881: 442; synonymy according to Berlese (1891, 1893). h. Bdella dispar Koch, 1839: 23; 1842: 75; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 532; Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877: 101; Thor, 1931a: 31; Oudemans, 1937: 1194; Willmann, 1951a: 148; 1952: 166; Michocka, 1987: 24; synonymy according to Thor (1931a). h. Bdella amarantina Koch, 1839: 17; 1842: 75; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 532; Anders��n, 1863: 185; Berlese, 1893: 42; Oudemans, 1937: 1191; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 31). i. Bdella tenuirostris Koch, 1839: 18; 1842: 74; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 532; synonym of Bdella vulgaris according to Berlese (1893). j. Bdella vivida Koch, 1839: 19; 1842: 75; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 532; Berlese, 1893: 43; Thor, 1931a: 37; Oudemans, 1937: 1216; synonym of Bdella vulgaris according to Berlese (1893). k. Bdella vulgaris (Hermann 1804: 61), Koch, 1839: 8; 1842: 74; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 531; Berlese, 1888: 187; Hull, 1918: 38. l. Bdella robustirostris Ewing, 1913: 112; synonymy according to Thor (1931a). m. Cyta novangliae Jacot, 1939: 326; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a). n. Cyta phaseoli Meyer & Ryke, 1959: 377; Den Heyer, 1981: 32; synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1972: 571). o. Amonia latirostris var. fusca Canestrini, 1896: 92; Cyta latirostris var. fusca Thor, 1931a: 19. p. Bdella brevirostris molissima Koch, 1879: 132, Cyta brevirostris; Hull, 1922: 622; Banks, 1923: 237; Ammonia brevirostris; Tr��g��rdh, 1900: 15; 1902a: 8; Cyta latirostris var. brevirostris; Tr��g��rdh, 1904: 49; 1910: 480; 1928: 7; synonymy according to Thor (1904b). q. Bdella arenaria Kramer, 1881: 444; Berlese 1893: 42; Karpelles, 1894: 425; synonymy of Bdella vulgaris according to Berlese (1893). Distribution. Paraguay, Brazil (Berlese 1888), Italy (Canestrini 1886), Sweden (Tr��g��rdh 1910), Germany (Voigts & Oudemans 1906; Willmann 1952), Ireland (Halbert 1915), England (Hull 1918), Switzerland (Schweizer 1922), Canada (Summerhayes & Elton 1928), Germany, Norway (Thor 1930a, 1931a), Northern Africa (Thor 1931b), Australia (Womersley 1933a), Madeira Island (Willman 1939a), Austria (Willmann 1951), Germany (Wangerooge Island) (Willmann 1952), Germany (Willmann 1956), France (Schm��lzer 1956), United States (Maryland) (Drummond 1957), Spain (Mihelčič 1958a), Georgia (Gomelauri 1961), South Africa (Meyer & Ryke 1959; Halliday 2005), Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico (Puebla, M��xico, San Luis Potos��), United States (California, Utah, Idaho, Texas, Arkansas, Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, Michigan, Alabama, Tennessee, West Virginia, Maryland, Connecticut), Alaska (Point Barrow), Iceland, Italy, Germany and Australia (Atyeo 1960a), Iceland (Atyeo & Tuxen 1962), Switzerland (Schweizer & Bader 1963), Bulgaria (Sosnina et al. 1965), Japan (Shiba & Morikawa 1966; Shiba 1969a; Nakamura et al. 2006), New Zealand, Australia (Victoria, Tasmania, Western Australia) (Atyeo 1963a; Wallace & Mahon 1972), Egypt (Soliman 1975; Zaher 1986), Syria (Lattakia) (Soliman & Zaher 1975), Bohemia (Lell��kov��-Du��kova 1978), Ukraine (Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a), Afrotropical (Natal, Cape Province, Pietersburg Dist.) (Den Heyer 1981), United States (Lehman 1982), Hawaii (Swift & Goff 1987), Poland (Michocka 1987), Korea (Lee et al. 1997), China (Fujian) (Lin & Zhang 2000), South Africa (Halliday 2005), Hungary (Ripka et al. 2005), Iran (Ostovan & Kamali 1995; Kamali et al. 2001; Ueckermann et al. 2007; Abbaszadeh et al. 2010), Crimea (Bednarskaya 2009, 2010, 2011), Slovakia (Kaluz 2008). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a, 1963a), Atyeo & Tuxen (1962), Sosnina et al. (1965), Shiba (1969a), Lell��kov��-Du��kova (1978), Michocka (1987). Although Berlese (1893: 44) has considered Ammonia leucocephala Koch as a synonym of Cyta latirostris, Koch (1839) illustrated three leg trichobothria (on tibia I, tibia IV and tarsus III), while C. latirostris only has a trichobothrium on tibia IV. Type deposition. Unknown (probably lost). Remarks. Species with world-wide distribution; this species bears trichobothria only on tibia IV; Wallace & Mahon (1972: 579) reports an undescribed species of Cyta with no leg trichobothria at all. 74. Cyta leiliae Eghbalian, Khanjani & Ueckermann, 2014: 568; ex soil and litter under Quercus brantii Lindl (Fagaceae), Kurdistan province, Iran. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at the Acarology Laboratory, University of Abu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran, one paratype at NCA. 75. Cyta kurdistanicus Eghbalian, Khanjani & Ueckermann, 2014: 572; ex soil and litter under Amygdalus lycioides Spach (Rosaceae), Kurdistan province, Iran. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at the Acarology Laboratory, University of Abu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran, one paratype at NCA. 76. Cyta longiseta Wallace & Mahon, 1972: 575; Mt. Claremont, Perth, Australia, on Banksia sp. (Proteaceae) scrub. Distribution. Iran (Abbaszadeh et al. 2010). Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at ANIC, paratypes at SAM, BMNH, BPBM, OSAL and USNM. 77. Cyta magdalenae Den Heyer, 1981: 34; Kleinmond, Cape Province, South Africa, in soil under dune vegetation. Type deposition. NCA, IZRPU, ZUNIN. 78. Cyta murrayi Den Heyer, 1981: 37; ex litter of Dombeya rotundifolia (Hochst.) (Malvaceae), UNIN, South Africa. Distribution. Afrotropical (Angola, South Africa, Zimbabwe) (Den Heyer 1981). Type deposition. NCA, ZUNIN, ANIC. 79. Cyta reticulata Soliman & Zaher, 1975: 74; Slinfa, Lattakia, Syria, ex moss. Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. CUE. 80. Cyta spuria Atyeo, 1960a: 421; 10 miles east of Xilitla, San Luis Potos��, Mexico, ex bamboo; Distribution. Mexico, USA (Texas) (Atyeo 1960a). Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SEMC, paratypes at USNM, BMNH and SAM. 81. Cyta troglodyta Hernandes, 2011: 801; ex feces of Kerodon rupestris Wied (Mammalia, Rodentia), Gruta do Janel��o cave, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Hernandes et al. 2011). Type deposition. DZSJRP. 82. Cyta veneta (Lombardini, 1960): 241; Jesolo, Venice, Italy. Original designation: Neomolgus venetus Lombardini. Cyta veneta; Lombardini, 1964: 105. Type deposition. CRA., Published as part of Hernandes, Fabio A., Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, Ray, Dowling, Ashley P. G., Ochoa, Ronald, Ueckermann, Edward A. & Bauchan, Gary R., 2016, Catalogue of snout mites (Acariformes: Bdellidae) of the world, pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 4152 (1) on pages 19-22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4152.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/261900, {"references":["von Heyden, C. (1826) Versuch einer systematischen eintheiling der Acariden. In: Isis von Oken, 18 (6), 608 - 613.","Thor, S. (1930 a) Beitrage zur kenntnis der invertebraten fauna von Svalbard. Skrifter Svalbard og Ishavet, 27, 1 - 156.","Oudemans, A. C. (1937) Kritisch historisch overzicht der Acarologie. Derede gedeelte, 1805 - 1850, Band C, Tarsonemini Can. & Fanz. 1877, Stomatostigmata Oudms. 1906, Eleutherengona Oudms. 1909. 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(1896) Bollettino della Societa Veneto-Trentina di Scienze naturali. Padova, 6, 92.","Koch, C. L. (1879) Arachniden aus Sibirien und Novaja Semlja eingesammelt von der Schwedischen Expedition im Jahre 1875. P. A. Norstedt & Soner, Stockholm. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 16 (5), 136 pp., VII plates.","Hull, J. E. (1922) On land mites from Spitzbergen and Bear Island. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (10), 621 - 623. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932208632818","Banks, N. (1923) Arachnida. In: Trichoptera, Mecoptera, and Arachnida of the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. North American Fauna, 46, 237 - 239.","Tragardh, I. (1900) Beitrage zur Fauna der Barel-Insel. 5 Die Acariden - Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Entwickelungsgeschichte der Bdelliden. Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 26, 1 - 24.","Tragardh, I. (1904) Monographie der arktischen Acariden. Fauna Arctica, 41, 1 - 77.","Karpelles, L. (1894) Zur Anatomie von Bdella arenaria. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 43, 421 - 430.","Canestrini, G. (1886) Prospetto dell'acarofauna italiana. 2: Erythraeini, Cheyletini, Bdellini, Eupodini e Analgesini. pp. 159 - 311, Tav. X - XXII [= 10 - 22]. Padova.","Tragardh, I. (1910) Acariden aus dem Sarekgebirge. Naturwissenschaftliche Untersuchungen des Sarekgebirges in Schwedisch- Lappland, 4 (4), 477 - 480.","Voigts, H. & Oudemans, A. C. (1906) Zur Kenntnis der Milben-Fauna von Bremen. Bdellidae. In: Leuwer, F. (Ed.), Abhandlungen herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein zu Bremen, pp. 241 - 242.","Willmann, C. (1952) Die Milbenfauna der Nordseeinsel Wangerooge. Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fur Meeresforschung Bremerhaven, 1, 139 - 186.","Halbert, M. R. I. A. (1915) Clare Island Survey-Acarinida. Section II-terrestrial and marine Acarina. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 39, 45 - 136.","Schweizer, J. (1922) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der terrestrischen Milbenfauna der Schweiz. Verhandlungen der Naturferschenden Gesellschaft in Basel, 33, 23 - 111. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 3644","Summerhayes, V. S. & Elton, C. S. (1928) Further contributions to the ecology of Spitsbergen. III, VI - VII. Journal of Ecology, 16 (2), 201 - 212, 238 - 252. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2255796","Womersley, H. (1933 a) A preliminary account of the Bdellidae (snout mites) of Australia. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia, 57, 97 - 107.","Willmann, C. (1939 a) Die Arthropodenfauna von Madeira nach den Ergebnissen der Reise von Prof. Dr. O. Lundblad Juli- August 1935: XIV. Terrestrische Acari. Arkiv for Zoologi, 10, 1 - 42.","Willmann, C. (1956) Milben aus dem Naturschutzgebiet auf dem Spiegelitzer (Glatzer) Schneeberg. Ceskoslovenska Parazitologie, 3, 211 - 273","Schmolzer, K. (1956) Landmilben aus dem Dauphine (Acarina terrestria). Osterreichische Zoologische Zeitschrift, 6 (3 - 5), 542 - 565.","Drummond, R. O. (1957) Observations on the fluctuations of acarine populations from nests of Peromyscus leucopus. Ecological Monographs, 27 (2), 137 - 152. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 1948573","Gomelauri, L. A. (1961) New species of the family Bdellidae. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, 26 (1), 68 - 72.","Halliday, R. B. (2005) Predatory mites from crops and pastures in South Africa: potential natural enemies of redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Acari: Penthaleidae). Zootaxa, 1079, 11 - 64.","Atyeo, W. T. & Tuxen, S. L. (1962) The Icelandic Bdellidae (Acarina). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 35 (3), 281 - 298.","Shiba, M. & Morikawa, K. (1966) Prostigmatic mites from Japan. II Bdellidae I (Bdellinae, Cytinae, Spinibdellinae). Reports of Research Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, 3, 17 - 37.","Shiba, M. (1969 a) Taxonomic investigations on free-living mites in the subalpine forest on Shiga Heights IBP area II. Prostigmata. Bulletin of Natural Sciences of Tokyo, 12 (1), 65 - 115.","Nakamura, Y., Ishikawa, K., Shiba, M., Fujikawa, T., Ono, H., Tamura, H. & Morikawa, K. (2006) Soil animals of the 88 Buddhist temples in Shikoku Island. Memoirs of the Faculty of Argriculture, Ehime University, 51, 25 - 48.","Zaher, M. A. (1986) Survey and ecological studies on phytophagous mites, predacious and soil mites in Egypt. II A. Predacious and non-phytophagous mites. Democratization and Research Centre, Rome, 27 (3), 248 - 266 + figs. 125 - 134, Cairo, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 559 pp.","Lellakova-Duskova, F. (1978) Incidence of mites of the family Bdellidae in moss from a spruce wood in SW-Bohemina. Vestnik Ceskoslovenske spolecnosti zoologicke, 42 (1), 23 - 42.","Lehman, R. D. (1982) Mites (Acari) of Pennsylvania conifers. Transactions of the America Entomological Society, 180, 181 - 286.","Lee, W. - K., Lim, J. - W. & Lee, S. - Y. (1997) A taxonomic study on the family Bdellidae (Bdelloidea: Prostigmata) in Korea. Korean Journal of Soil Zoology, 2 (2), 65 - 75 [in Korean with English abstract]","Lin, J. Z. & Zhang, Y. X. (2000) Bdelloidea. In: Huang, B. K. (Ed.), Fauna of insects in Fujian Province of China. Vol. 9. Fujian Science and Technology Press, Fuzhou, 109 - 121.","Ripka, G., Fain, A., Kazmierski, A., Kreiter, S. & Magowski, W. L. (2005) New data to the knowledge of the mites fauna of Hungary (Acari: Mesostigmata, Prostigmata and Astigmata). Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 40, 159 - 176. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1556 / APhyt. 40.2005.1 - 2.13","Ostovan, H. & Kamali, K. (1995) Some snout mites (Acari: Bdellidae) from Iran and a key for their identification. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1, 29 - 43.","Kamali, K., Ostovan, H. & Atamehr, A. (2001) A catalog of mites & ticks (Acari) of Iran. Islamic Azad University Scientific Publication Center. 204 pp.","Bednarskaya, E. V. (2009) Population dynamics of bdellides (Acarina, Prostigmata: Bdellidae) in the caves of central part of Mountain Crimea. Optimization and Protection of Ecosystems, 20, 20 - 24.","Bednarskaya, E. V. (2010) Localization of bdellides (Acarina, Prostigmata: Bdellidae) in the caves of central part of Mountain Crimea. Scientific Notes of Taurida V. I. Vernadsky National University. - Series: Biology, chemistry, 23 (62), 41 - 45.","Bednarskaya, E. V. (2011) The main biotic relations and localization in microstations of prostigmatic predatory mites in carst cavities of Mountain Crimea. Scientific Notes of Taurida V. I. Vernadsky National University. - Series: Biology, chemistry, 24 (63), 3 - 9.","Kaluz, S. (2008) Soil mites (Acari) of the forests in floodplain areas of the rivers Danube and Morava. Peckiana, 5, 89 - 103.","Eghbalian, A. H., Khanjani, M., Safaralizadeh, M. H. & Ueckermann, E. A. (2014) Two new species of Cyta (Acari: Prostigmata: Bdellidae) from Western Iran. Zootaxa, 3847 (4), 567 - 575. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3847.4.6","Lombardini, G. (1960) Acari nuovi XXXVIII. Redia-Giornale di Entomologia, 45, 241 - 243."]}

Tetrabdella Hernandes & Feres Type-species: Tetrabdella neotropica Hernandes & Feres, 2006 by original designation. 158. Tetrabdella neotropica Hernandes & Feres, 2006: 60; Cedral, S��o Paulo, Brazil, ex Hevea brasiliensis M.Arg. (Euphorbiaceae). Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at DZSJRP, paratype at USNM., Published as part of Hernandes, Fabio A., Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, Ray, Dowling, Ashley P. G., Ochoa, Ronald, Ueckermann, Edward A. & Bauchan, Gary R., 2016, Catalogue of snout mites (Acariformes: Bdellidae) of the world, pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 4152 (1) on page 30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4152.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/261900, {"references":["Hernandes, F. A. & Feres, R. J. F. (2006) Tetrabdella neotropica (Acari: Bdellidae), a new genus and species from Brazil. Zootaxa, 1135, 57 - 68."]}

Neomolgus Oudemans Molgus Dujardin, 1842: 316 (nomen nudum); Molgus Trouessart, 1894: 118; Thor, 1913: 30; 1931a: 54. Molgus (Hoplomolgus) Berlese, 1923: 237. Neomolgus Oudemans, 1937: 1229; Atyeo, 1960a: 389; Soliman, 1975: 48; Soliman & Zaher, 1975: 78; Wallace & Mahon, 1976: 116; Michocka, 1987: 44. Type-species: Acarus littoralis Linnaeus, 1758 by original designation. 251. Neomolgus aegyptiacus Soliman & Mohamed, 1972b: 90; Faculty of Agriculture farm, Giza, Egypt, from clover field associated with Bryobia cristata (Acari, Tetranychidae). Remarks. Male unknown; although the species was formally described in 1975, three years earlier Soliman & Mohamed (1972b) published the biology of this species along with a morphological description of all stages. The authority and date must be therefore attributed to Soliman & Mohamed, 1972b. Type deposition. Probably at CUE. 252. Neomolgus aequalis (Schweizer & Bader, 1963): 238 comb. nov.; Kreuzlingen, Switzerland, ex moss. Original designation: Hoplomolgus aequalis Schweizer & Bader. Type deposition. NMB (A 211a). 253. Neomolgus berlesei (Tr��g��rdh, 1902b): 17 comb. nov.; in humid areas and under stones, Italy. Original designation: Bdella capillata var. berlesei Tr��g��rdh, 1902b: 17. Other name: Molgus (Hoplomolgus) berlesei, Thor, 1931a: 57. a. Molgus (Hoplomolgus) tuberculatus Berlese, 1923: 238 synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 57); Hoplomolgus tuberculatus, Schweizer & Bader, 1963: 242. Type deposition. Unknown. 254. Neomolgus capillatus (Kramer, 1881): 446; Germany���Willmann, 1939: 431; 1956: 243. Original designation: Bdella capillata Kramer; Canestrini, 1886: 188; Berlese, 1891; Michael, 1896: 514; Kramer, 1896: 447; Tr��g��rdh, 1902b: 17; B��bler, 1910: 812; Halbert, 1915: 112; Hull, 1918: 40. Other names: Molgus capillatus, Trouessart, 1888: 619; Thor, 1904b: 77; 1909: 7; Oudemans, 1914: 123; Schweizer, 1922: 79; Thor, 1926: 139; Thor, 1930a: 95; Hoplomolgus capillata, Tr��g��rdh, 1931: 49; Molgus (Hoplomolgus) capillatus, Vitzthum, 1929: 59; Molgus (Molgus) capillatus, Thor, 1931a: 60. Distribution. Germany (Voigts & Oudemans 1906), Ireland (Hull 1915), Germany, Switzerland, Italy, England, Ireland, Norway, Svalbard Islands (Thor 1931a), France (Schweizer 1922), Austria (Willmann 1951), Iceland (Atyeo & Tuxen 1962), Georgia (Gomelauri 1963b), Switzerland (Schweizer & Bader 1963), Australia (south western W.A.) (Wallace & Mahon 1976), Ukraine (Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a), Poland (Michocka 1987), Iran (Ostovan & Kamali 1995; Kamali et al. 2001). Redescriptions. Atyeo & Tuxen (1962), Wallace & Mahon (1976), Michocka (1987). Type deposition. CRA. 255. Neomolgus clypeatus (Thor, 1930b): 17; Sjus��rn (Lillehammer), Norway.��� Atyeo & Tuxen, 1962: 290. Original designation: Molgus clypeatus Thor. Other name: Molgus (Hoplomolgus) clypeatus, Thor: 1931a: 55. Distribution. Iceland (Atyeo & Tuxen 1962), Syria (Lattakia) (Soliman & Zaher 1975), Australia (Wallace & Mahon 1976), Ukraine (Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a), Iran (Ostovan & Kamali 1995; Kamali et al. 2001). Redescriptions. Atyeo & Tuxen (1962), Wallace & Mahon (1976). Type deposition. Lost. 256. Neomolgus egregia (Koch, 1839): 23 comb. nov.; in humid meadows, Europe. Original designation: Bdella egregia Koch; Koch, 1842: 74; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 532; Anders��n, 1863: 184; Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877: 101; Oudemans, 1937: 1196. Other name: Molgus egregious, Thor, 1931a: 63. Bdella vulgaris, Canestrini, 1886: 183; Berlese, 1888: 7; 1893: 43; Halbert, 1915: 113; Schweizer & Bader, 1963: 230; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 63). Bdella longitarsa Karsch, 1881: 37; Molgus egregius var. longitarsa, Thor, 1931a: 63. Distribution. Middle Europe (Germany, France, Italy, Sweden) (Thor 1931a), Japan (Karsch 1881), Ireland (Hull 1915). Type deposition. Unknown; type of B. longitarisa in ZMB. 257. Neomolgus helveticus (Schweizer & Bader, 1963): 239 comb. nov.; Buffalora mountain, National Park, Switzerland, under stone. Original designation: Hoplomolgus helveticus Schweizer & Bader. Type deposition. NMB (NP 1471). 258. Neomolgus iraniensis Eghbalian, Khanjani, Safaralizadeh & Ueckermann, 2016: 296; ex soil and litter under wild almond trees, Amygdalus scoparia L. (Rosaceae), Palangan village, Kamyaran, Kermanshah Province, Iran. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran; paratype female at NCA. 259. Neomolgus lacustris (Hull, 1915): 121 comb. nov.; on soil, England. Original designation: Bdella lacustris Hull.���Hull, 1918: 40. Other name: Molgus (Molgus) lacustris, Thor, 1931a: 62. a. Molgus (Hoplomolgus) sublimis Berlese, 1923: 238 synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 62). Type deposition. Unknown. 260. Neomolgus littoralis (Linnaeus, 1745): 96; unknown locality.��� Atyeo, 1960a: 390. Original designation: Acarus littoralis Linnaeus, 1745: 96; 1758: 618; Hammer, 1775: 158; Fabricius, 1775: 815; 1780: 225; 1781: 493; 1787: 374; M��ller, 1776: 187; Oudemans, 1926b: 117; Johnston, 1845: 229; Oudemans, 1929: 316. Other names: Bdella littoralis, Neuman, 1875: 104; Hull, 1918: 40; 1922: 622; Oudemans, 1926a: 116; Tr��g��rdh, 1904: 46; 1912: 419; Bdella vulgaris var. littoralis Moniez, 1890a: 30, 1890b: 196. a. Bdella littoralis + capillata var. pallipediformis Tr��g��rdh, 1902b: 18; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 61); Molgus littoralis, Thor, 1904a: 15; 1904b: 78; 1913: 30; 1928: 216; 1930a: 96; 1931a: 61; King, 1914: 138; Berlese, 1923: 237; Tr��g��rdh, 1928: 8; 1931: 47. Tr��g��rdh, 1928: 8; 1931: 47. b. Bdella groenlandica Tr��g��rdh, 1904: 48; Hull, 1922: 622; synonymy according to Thor (1930a). c. Molgus (Molgus) littoralis var. seurati Berlese, 1923: 237; synonymy according to Thor (1931a). d. Acarus petrarum ruber L.; Str��m, 1762: 196; Olafsen & Povelsen, 1772: 607; synonymy according to Thor (1904). e. Acarus basteri Johnston, 1836: 353; Bdella basteri; Michael, 1896: 478; synonymy according to Thor (1904). f. Acarus longicornis, Johnston, 1845: 227; synonymy according to Thor (1904). g. Bdella podurophila White, 1852: 210; synonymy according to Thor (1931a). h. Bdella arctica Thorell, 1871: 698; Kramer, 1897: 79; Tr��g��rdh, 1900: 9; Banks, 1919: 11; Molgus arcticus (Thorell), Trouessart, 1888: 119; Thor, 1902: 162; synonymy according to Thor (1904). i. Bdella marina Packard, 1873: 544; 1884: 828; Banks, 1894: 220; Michael 1896: 479; Banks 1907: 596; 1908: 5; Thor, 1931a: 39; synonymy according to Thor (1904). j. Molgus longicornis, Murray, 1877: 143; synonymy according to Thor (1931a). k. Bdella grandis Kramer, 1879: 131; synonymy according to Tr��g��rdh (1904: 46). l. Bdella villosa Kramer & Neuman, 1883: 525; Michael 1896: 479; Oudemans & Koenike, 1897: 238; Banks, 1899: 348; 1907: 596; Molgus villosa, Trouessart, 1888: 619; synonymy according to Thor (1904). m. Eupalus sanguineus Trouessart, 1888: 753; Bdella sanguinea, Trouessart, 1894: 119; Michael 1896: 478; Tr��g��rdh, 1900: 9; Molgus sanguineus, Trouessart, 1894: 117; synonymy according to Thor (1904). n. Bdella villosa + frigida Banks, 1899: 348; synonymy according to Thor (1931a). Distribution. England (Hull 1918), Canada (Nunavut) (Summerhayes & Elton 1928), Alaska, Hudson Bay Area, Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Bering Island, Russian Lapland (Kola-Hafvon), Novaya Zemlya (Matochkin Strait), Finland (Atyeo 1960a), Japan (Ehara 1960, 1961, Shiba 1971), Iceland (Atyeo & Tuxen 1962). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a), Atyeo & Tuxen (1962). Remarks. Atyeo (1960a: 391) reported specimens from Matochkin Strait lacking trichobothria on tibia IV, and having a long tactile seta in the position normally occupied by the trichobothria. Type deposition. Unknown. 261. Neomolgus longipalpis (Karpelles, 1893): 106 comb. nov.; Maramures, Hungary, at Pop Ivan mountain. Original designation: Bdella longipalpis Karpelles. Other name: Molgus longipalpis, Thor, 1931a: 63. Type deposition. Unknown. 262. Neomolgus longipalpus Kuznetsov, 1984: 774; park of the Nikita botanical garden, Yalta, Crimea, ex litter. Remarks. Male unknown. According to ICZN (article 57.6), the one-letter difference in spelling in relation to the previous species is enough to prevent the homonymy. Type deposition. NBG. 263. Neomolgus lumarius Atyeo, 1962: 292 in Atyeo & Tuxen; H��itindur, Southeast Iceland. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at ZMUC; paratypes at USNM, BMNH and SAM. 264. Neomolgus maculatus (Karpelles, 1893): 26 comb. nov.; Sălaj, Hungary. Original designation: Bdella maculata Karpelles. Other names: Molgus maculatus, Thor, 1931a: 64; Molgus maculatus var. pilosa; Thor, 1931a: 64. Type deposition. Unknown. 265. Neomolgus monticola Willmann, 1951: 162; Hohe Tauern, Switzerland. Other name: Hoplomolgus monticola, Schweizer & Bader, 1963: 240. Type deposition. ZSM. 266. Neomolgus mutabilis Atyeo, 1960a: 392; 2 miles south of Galena, Cherokee Co., Kansas, USA, under board. Distribution. United States (Kansas, Texas), Mexico (Distrito Federal) (Atyeo 1960a). Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SEMC, paratypes at USNM, BMNH and SAM. 267. Neomolgus obsoletus (Berlese, 1923): 238 comb. nov.; in Germany and Norway. Original designation: Molgus (Hoplomolgus) obsoletus, Thor, 1931a: 58; Hoplomolgus obsoletus, Schweizer & Bader, 1963: 242. Type deposition. CRA. 268. Neomolgus ontakensis Shiba, 1971: 99; Mt. Ontak��, Nagano pref., Japan. Type deposition. Biological Laboratory of Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, Matsuyama, Japan. 269. Neomolgus pallipes (Koch, 1879): 131; Siberia, Russia. Original designation: Bdella pallipes Koch; Hull, 1918: 41; Hull, 1922: 622; Neomolgus pallipes; Mihelčič, 1958a; Willmann, 1952: 166. a. Bdella hirta Kramer, 1896: 447; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 58). b. Bdella basteri Johnston forma pallipes, Tr��g��rdh, 1901: 61; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 58). c. Bdella capillata var. pallipes, Tr��g��rdh, 1902b: 16; 1904: 47; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 59). d. Molgus (Molgus) pallipes, Thor, 1931a: 58. e. Molgus capillatus, Thor, 1927: 139; 1930: 95; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 59); Molgus capillatus var. pallipes, Tr��g��rdh, 1928: 8; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 59). Distribution. Canada (Summerhayes & Elton 1928), Northern Europe and Asia (Siberia, Novaja, Semlja, Sweden, Norway, Svalbard, England, Borkum Island) (Thor 1931a), Germany (Wangerooge Island) (Willmann 1952), Spain (Mihelčič 1958a). Type deposition. BMNH. 270. Neomolgus paracapillatus Michocka, 1987: 45; Warsaw, Poland, ex decayed grass. Type deposition. In the author���s collection. 271. Neomolgus pratensis Shiba, 1971: 93; Namekawa, Kawauchi-ch��, Ehime pref., Japan. Type deposition. Biological Laboratory of Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, Matsuyama, Japan. 272. Neomolgus pygmaeus Shiba, 1969a: 74; Shiga Heights, Japan. Distribution. Japan (Shiba 1969a), China (Lin et al. 2006). Redescription. Shiba (1971). Type deposition. Biological Laboratory of Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, Matsuyama, Japan. 273. Neomolgus raeticus (Schweizer & Bader, 1963): 238 comb. nov.; NationalPark, Mt. Mezdi, Switzerland. Original designation: Hoplomolgus raeticus Schweizer & Bader. Type deposition. NMB (NP 1845). 274. Neomolgus raptor Kuznetsov & Barilo, 1984: 934; near Samarkand (Tchapan-Atha), Uzbekistan, under stones. Type deposition. NBG. 275. Neomolgus reticulatus (Schweizer & Bader, 1963): 241 comb. nov.; S-chanf, Switzerland. Original designation: Hoplomolgus reticulatus Schweizer & Bader. Type deposition. NMB (NP 283). 276. Neomolgus sabulosus Shiba, 1971: 96; Shigenobu River, Matsuyama, Ehime pref., Japan. Type deposition. Biological Laboratory of Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, Matsuyama, Japan. 277. Neomolgus seriatus Shiba, 1971: 101; Otanom��su-no-taira, Shigak��gen, Nagano pref., Japan. Type deposition. Biological Laboratory of Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, Matsuyama, Japan. 278. Neomolgus thorianus (Berlese, 1923): 239 comb. nov.; Corfu, Greece. Original designation: Molgus (Hoplomolgus) thorianus Berlese. Other name: Molgus (Molgus) thorianus, Thor, 1931a: 62. Distribution. Greece (Corfu Island) (Thor 1931a), Georgia (Gomelauri 1963b). Type deposition. CRA., Published as part of Hernandes, Fabio A., Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, Ray, Dowling, Ashley P. G., Ochoa, Ronald, Ueckermann, Edward A. & Bauchan, Gary R., 2016, Catalogue of snout mites (Acariformes: Bdellidae) of the world, pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 4152 (1) on pages 41-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4152.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/261900, {"references":["Dujardin, F. (1842) Zoologie. L'Institut - Journal Universel des Sciences et des Societes Savantes en France et a l'Etranger, 454, 316.","Trouessart, E. L. (1894) Note sur une grande espece de Bdelle maritime originaire d'Island. Journal de l'Anatomie et de la Physiologie, 30, 117 - 125.","Thor, S. (1913) Biscirus genus novum: eine neue Bdelliden-Gattung und zwei neue Untergattungen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 42, 28 - 30.","Berlese, A. (1923) Centuria sesta di Acari nuovi. Redia-Giornale di Entomologia, 15, 1 - 240.","Oudemans, A. C. (1937) Kritisch historisch overzicht der Acarologie. Derede gedeelte, 1805 - 1850, Band C, Tarsonemini Can. & Fanz. 1877, Stomatostigmata Oudms. 1906, Eleutherengona Oudms. 1909. Brill, 1179 - 1259.","Atyeo, W. T. (1960 a) A revision of the family Bdellidae in North and Central America (Acarina: Prostigmata). University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 40, 345 - 499.","Soliman, Z. R. & Zaher, M. A. (1975) Bdellid mites of Lattakia, Syria. Bulletin de la Societe Royale Entomologique, 59, 73 - 82.","Wallace, M. M. H. & Mahon, J. A. (1976) The taxonomy and biology of Australian Bdellidae (Acari). II. Subfamily Odontoscirinae. Acarologia, 18 (1), 65 - 123.","Michocka, S. (1987) Polskie Roztocze (Acari) z rodzin Bdellidae i Cunaxidae. Monografie Fauny Polski, 14, 1 - 128 [in Polish with English summary].","Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. 10 th ed. pp. [1 - 4], 1 - 824. Holmiae. (Salvius).","Soliman, Z. 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(1896) The internal anatomy of Bdella. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 2 (6), 477 - 528. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1896. tb 00484. x","Kramer, P. (1896) Neue Acariden von der Insel Borkum. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19, 444 - 448.","Babler, E. (1910) Die wirbellose, terrestrische Fauna der nivalen Region. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 18, 761 - 915. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 16675","Halbert, M. R. I. A. (1915) Clare Island Survey-Acarinida. Section II-terrestrial and marine Acarina. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 39, 45 - 136.","Hull, J. E. (1918) Terrestrial Acari of the Tyne province. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 75, 13 - 88.","Trouessart, E. L. (1888) Note sur les acariens marins recueillis par M. Giard au laboratoire maritime de Wimereux. 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Odontoscirus Thor Odontoscirus Thor, 1913: 29; Thor, 1931a: 52 (as subgenus of Biscirus); type-species Bdella virgulata Canestrini & Fanzago by original designation; Meyer & Ryke, 1959: 379; Atyeo, 1960a: 386; Michocka, 1987: 50; Wallace & Mahon 1976: 67. Bdellodes Oudemans, 1937: 1217; Meyer & Ryke, 1959: 378; Wallace & Mahon, 1976: 67; Michocka, 1987: 56. Type-species: Scirus longirostris Hermann, 1804 by original designation. Scirus Hermann, 1804: 61; Thor, 1931a: 41 (part.). Hoploscirus Thor, 1937: 43; type-species Scirus dubitatus Womersley, 1933a by original designation; synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 67). Thoribdella Grandjean, 1938: 4 type-species Biscirus meridionalis Thor, 1931a by original designation; synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 67). Octobdellodes Atyeo, 1960a: 407 type-species O. hurdi Atyeo, 1960a; synonymy according to Atyeo (1963a: 118, 125). 159. Odontoscirus affinis (Atyeo, 1963a): 185 comb. nov.; Rottnest Island, Australia. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) affinis Atyeo. Distribution. Australia (Atyeo 1963a; Wallace & Mahon 1976), Andaman Islands (Gupta & Ghosh 1980). Redescriptions. Wallace & Mahon (1976), Gupta (2002). Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SAM, paratypes at BMNH, USNM, ANIC. 160. Odontoscirus agrestis (Atyeo, 1963a): 152 comb. nov.; Auckland, New Zealand, ex moss and lichens. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) agrestis Atyeo. Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. Holotype and paratype at MONZ, paratype at NZFRI. 161. Odontoscirus alacris (Atyeo, 1963a): 193 comb. nov.; Glen Osmond, South Australia. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirusu) alacris Atyeo. a. Biscirus symmetricus (part.), Womersley, 1933a: 106 (not Kramer, 1898); synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 103). Distribution. Australia (Atyeo, 1963a, Wallace & Mahon, 1976). Redescription. Wallace & Mahon (1976). Type deposition. SAM. 162. Odontoscirus alpinus Atyeo, 1960a: 388; Piegan Pass, Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. Type deposition. SEMC. 163. Odontoscirus amamiensis Shiba, 1985: 81; Southern Japan (Kyushu). Type deposition. Biological Laboratory of Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, Matsuyama, Japan. 164. Odontoscirus ancalae (Atyeo, 1963a): 148 comb. nov.; Wellington, New Zealand, ex leaf mold. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) ancalae Atyeo. Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. MONZ. 165. Odontoscirus angustifolius (Gupta, 1991): 221 comb. nov.; Moreh, Manipur, India, ex Canthium angustifolium (Rubiaceae)��� Gupta, 2002: 31. Original designation: Bdella angustifolius Gupta. Bdellodes angustifolius, Gupta, 2002. Remarks. Male unknown. Redescription. Gupta (2002). Type deposition. NZSI. 166. Odontoscirus annona (Tseng, 1978): 33 comb. nov., new emendation; Kuiyin, Tainan Hsien, Taiwan, ex Annona sp. (Annonaceae). Original designation: Bdellodes anona Tseng. Remarks. The etymology of the species refers to the host plant, originally misspelled as Anona sp. [sic] rather than Annona sp.; therefore this species is herein emendated to Odontoscirus annona. Type deposition. Supposedly at BSMI, but probably lost (C-C Ho, pers. comm.). 167. Odontoscirus asiaticus Kuznetsov & Barilo, 1984: 934; near Samarkand, Agalyk village, Uzbekistan, ex under stones on humid soil; 3 males and 1 female paratypes on low grass and under stones in Samarkand region near Zeravshan mountain ridge. Type deposition. NBG. 168. Odontoscirus atro (Gupta, 1991): 220 comb. nov.; Arunachal Pradesh, Siji, India, ex Viburnum atrocyaneum Clarke (Adoxaceae). Bdellodes atro, Gupta, 2002: 32. Original designation: Bdella atro Gupta. Remarks. Male unknown. Redescription. Gupta (2002). Type deposition. NZSI. 169. Odontoscirus atyeoi Michocka, 1987: 54; Tatra, Poland. Type deposition. In the author���s collection. 170. Odontoscirus augusta (Roy & Saha, 2010): 121 comb. nov.; West Bengal, India. Original designation: Bdellodes augusta Roy & Saha. Type deposition. DZCU. 171. Odontoscirus australicus (Womersley, 1933a): 107 comb. nov.; Waroona, Western Australia. Original designation: Biscirus (Biscirus) australicus Womersley. Other name: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) australica, Atyeo, 1963a: 188 (neotype designation). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1963a), Wallace & Mahon (1976). Type deposition. Neotype female at SAM. 172. Odontoscirus bidentata (Wallace & Mahon, 1976): 94 comb. nov.; Omeo, Australia, in mountain gully. Original designation: Bdellodes bidentata Wallace & Mahon. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at ANIC, paratypes at SAM, BPBM and MONZ. 173. Odontoscirus bifurcata (El-Sherif & Bolland, 1993): 2237 comb. nov., from litter near railway in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Original designation: Bdellodes bifurcata El-Sherif & Bolland. Type deposition. Unknown. 174. Odontoscirus bisetosa (Atyeo, 1960a): 414 comb. nov.; 10 miles west of Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico, under rock. Original designation: Bdellodes bisetosa Atyeo. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SEMC, paratypes at USNM, BMNH and SAM. 175. Odontoscirus brevicornis (Cooremann, 1959): 30 comb. nov.; Muotathal, Switzerland, in cave. Original designation: Thoribdella brevicornis Cooremann. Type deposition. IRSN. 176. Odontoscirus bryi (Atyeo, 1963a): 142 comb. nov.; Otago, New Zealand, ex moss on stones. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) bryi Atyeo. Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. MONZ. 177. Odontoscirus californica (Banks, 1904b): 366 comb. nov.; Claremont, LA, USA. Original designation: Bdella californica Banks; Banks, 1907: 596; Thoribdella californica (Banks), Atyeo, 1960a: 396; Bdellodes californica, Hernandes, 2013: 65. Bdella magna Ewing, 1913: 123; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a). Distribution. United States (Los Angeles, California) (Atyeo 1960a). Redescription. Atyeo (1960a). Thor (1931a) has strangely regarded Bdella californica Banks as both synonyms of Bdellodes longirostris and of Biscirus uncinatus (pages 42 and 50, respectively). Type deposition. MCZ. 178. Odontoscirus camellae (Atyeo, 1963a): 145 comb. nov.; Wellington, New Zealand, ex leaf mold. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) camellae Atyeo. Remarks. Female unknown. Type deposition. MONZ. 179. Odontoscirus communis (Atyeo, 1960a): 399 comb. nov.; west slope of Cortez Pass, Mexico, under rock. Original designation: Thoribdella communis Atyeo. Other name: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) commnunis, Atyeo, 1963a: 188. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SEMC, paratypes at BMNH, USNM and SAM. 180. Odontoscirus conformis (Atyeo, 1963a): 137 comb. nov.; Otago, New Zealand, beaten off ferns. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) conformis Atyeo. Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. MONZ. 181. Odontoscirus consanguinea (Atyeo, 1963a): 194 comb. nov.; Busselton, Western Australia. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) consanguinea Atyeo. a. Biscirus symmetricus (part.), Womersley, 1933a: 106 (not Kramer, 1898); synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 84). b. Biscirus intermedius (part.) (Thor, 1928: 213); Womersley, 1933a: 104; synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 84). Distribution. Australia (Atyeo 1963a), (WA, SA, Victoria, Tasmania, NSW, south eastern Queensland, Kununurra area WA) (Wallace & Mahon 1976). Redescription. Wallace & Mahon (1976). Type deposition. SAM. 182. Odontoscirus copiosa (Atyeo, 1963a): 136 comb. nov.; Otago, New Zealand, under stone. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) copiosa Atyeo. Type deposition. MONZ. 183. Odontoscirus currax (Atyeo, 1963a): 187 comb. nov.; Moount Toolbrunnup, Western Australia, on mealy litter and moss. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) currax Atyeo. Redescription. Wallace & Mahon (1976). Type deposition. SAM. 184. Odontoscirus curvus (Atyeo, 1963a): 140 comb. nov.; Auckland Islands, New Zealand, under stone at high tide mark. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) curvus Atyeo. Redescription. Wallace (1970). Type deposition. MONZ. 185. Odontoscirus dubitatus (Womersley, 1933a): 102 comb. nov.; Mount Nelson, Tasmania, under stone. Bdellodes dubitata, Wallace & Mahon, 1976: 78. Original designation: Scirus dubitatus Womersley. Other name: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) dubitata, Atyeo, 1963a: 196. Redescriptions. Atyeo (1963a), Wallace & Mahon (1976). Remarks. Male unknown, species known only from the holotype. Type deposition. SAM. 186. Odontoscirus edentata (Halliday, 2005): 22 comb. nov.; Port Elizabeth, Marine Protea Hotel, South Africa. Original designation: Bdellodes edentata Halliday. Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at NCA, paratype at ANIC. 187. Odontoscirus exilicornis (Berlese, 1910): 347 comb. nov.; Cape Town, South Africa. Bdellodes exilicornis, Meyer & Ryke, 1959: 379. Original designation: Bdella exilicornis Berlese. Other name: Scirus exilicornis, Thor, 1931a: 44. Type deposition. Lost (Castagnoli & Pegazzani, 1985). 188. Odontoscirus flexuosa (Atyeo, 1963a): 139 comb. nov.; Campbell Island, New Zealand, under stone. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) flexuosa Atyeo; Atyeo, 1964: 167. Redescriptions. Wallace (1970). Type deposition. MONZ. 189. Odontoscirus furcatus (Shiba, 1969a): 73 comb. nov.; Shiga Heights, Japan. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) furcatus Shiba; Nakamura et al. (2006). Type deposition. Unknown. 190. Odontoscirus georgianensis (Wallace, 1970): 109 comb. nov.; Royal Bay, Moltke Harbor, South Georgia, Antarctica, under moss and rocks. Original designation: Bdellodes (Bdellodes) georgianensis Wallace. Type deposition. Holotype at BPBM, paratypes at ANIC and BMNH. 191. Odontoscirus gleba Chaudhri & Akbar, 1985: 118; 1 mile from W. Hassanabdal, Pakistan. Type deposition. UAF. 192. Odontoscirus graminis (Wallace & Mahon, 1976): 105 comb. nov.; Pine Creek, Northern Territory, Australia, ex grass, Eucalyptus sp. Original designation: Bdellodes graminis Wallace & Mahon. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at ANIC, paratypes at SAM, BPBM and MONZ. 193. Odontoscirus grandiflora (Gupta, 1991): 224 comb. nov.; Arunachal Pradesh, Garu, India, ex Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb. (Acanthaceae). Original designation: Bdellodes grandiflora Gupta. Type deposition. NZSI. Remarks. Male unknown. Redescription. Gupta (2002). 194. Odontoscirus gressitti (Atyeo, 1964): 167 comb. nov.; Beeman Camp, Campbell Island, New Zealand, ex moss. Original designation: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) gressitti Atyeo. Redescriptions. Wallace (1970). Type deposition. Holotype at MONZ; paratypes at BPBM. 195. Odontoscirus guajavae (Chatterjee & Gupta, 2002): 34 (in Gupta 2002) comb. nov.; Kalyani, West Bengal, India, ex Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae). Original designation: Octobdellodes guajavae Chatterjee & Gupta. Type deposition. ZSI. 196. Odontoscirus hadroseta (Wallace & Mahon, 1976): 110 comb. nov.; Nyabing, Western Australia, Australia, on sand plain scrub on roadside. Original designation: Bdellodes hadroseta Wallace & Mahon. a. Biscirus symmetricus (part.), Womersley, 1933a: 106 (not Kramer, 1898); synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 110). b. Biscirus intermedius (Thor 1928: 213) (part.), Womersley, 1933a: 104; synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 110). c. Biscirus uncinatus (Kramer 1898: 12), Womersley, 1933a: 106; synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 110). Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at ANIC, paratypes at SAM, BPBM and MONZ. 197. Odontoscirus haramotoi (Swift & Goff, 1987): 35 comb. nov.; Koa, Hawaii, ex litter. Original designation: Bdellodes haramotoi Swift & Goff. Remarks. Female unknown. Type deposition. BPBM. 198. Odontoscirus harpax (Atyeo, 1963a): 128 comb. nov.; Woods Point, South Australia. Original designation: Bdellodes (Bdellodes) harpax Atyeo. a Biscirus symmetricus (part.), Womersley, 1933a: 106 (not Kramer, 1898); synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 115). b. Biscirus intermedius (Thor 1928: 213) (part.), Womersley, 1933a: 104; synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 115). c. Scirus longirostris Hermann (part.), Womersley, 1933a: 101; synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 115). Distribution. Australia, New Zealand, Tasmania (Atyeo, 1963a, Wallace & Mahon, 1976). Redescription. Wallace & Mahon (1976). Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SAM, paratypes at NZFRI, MONZ, BMNH, USNM. 199. Odontoscirus hessei (Womersley, 1933c): 111 comb. nov.; Stellenbosch C.P., South Africa.��� Meyer & Ryke, 1959: 379. Original designation: Scirus hessei Womersley. Other name: Bdellodes (Bdellodes) hessei, Atyeo, 1963a: 181. Distribution. South Africa (Meyer & Ryke 1959; Atyeo 1963a; Halliday 2005), Australia (Perth, Nedland) (Atyeo 1963a), Western Australia (Wallace & Mahon 1976). Redescriptions. Meyer & Ryke (1959), Atyeo (1963a), Wallace & Mahon (1976). Type deposition. SAM. 200. Odontoscirus hickmani (Womersley, 1933a): 107 comb. nov.; National Park, Tasmania, Australia, under stones.��� Wallace & Mahon, 1976: 81. Original designation: Biscirus (Biscirus) hickmani Womersley. Redescriptions. Atyeo (1963a), Wallace & Mahon (1976). Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. SAM. 201. Odontoscirus hospita (Banks, 1916): 224 comb. nov.; Victoria, Australia, with Polyrhachis hexacantha (Insecta, Formicidae).��� Wallace & Mahon, 1976: 91. Original designation: Bdella (Scirus) hospita Banks. Other name: Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) hospita, Atyeo, 1963a: 19. a. Biscirus symmetricus (part.), Womersley, 1933a: 106 (not Kramer, 1898); synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 91). b. Biscirus intermedius (Thor 1928: 213) (part.), Womersley, 1933a: 104; synonymy according to Wallace & Mahon (1976: 91). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1963a), Wallace & Mahon (1976). Type deposition. Cotypes at USNM and SAM. 202. Odontoscirus hurdi (Atyeo, 1960a): 408 comb. nov.; Point Barrow, Alaska, USA. Original designation: Octobdellodes hurdi Atyeo. Other name: Bdellodes (Bdellodes) hurdi; Atyeo, 1963a: 125. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SEMC, paratypes at BMNH, USNM, SAM, CAS. 203. Odontoscirus hygrotes (Swift & Goff, 1987): 32 comb. nov.; Oahu I, Maui I, Hawaii. Original designation: Bdellodes hygrotes Swift & Goff. Type deposition. BPBM. 204. Odontoscirus inflata (Wallace & Mahon, 1976): 78 comb. nov.; Mandurah, Western Australia, coastal sanddune vegetation. Original designation: Bdellodes inflata Wallace & Mahon. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at ANIC, paratypes at SAM, BPBM and MONZ. 205. Odontoscirus infrequens (Atyeo, 1960a): 410 comb. nov.; Douglas County, Kansas, USA, on shagbark hickory. Original designation: Octobdellodes infrequens Atyeo. Remarks. According to Atyeo (1960a: 411), this species has 7 to 8 pairs of hypostomal setae rather than the usual 6 pairs. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SEMC, paratypes at USNM. 206. Odontoscirus insolita (Atyeo, 1960a): 398 comb. nov.; 2 miles of west Oakville, Napa Co., California, USA, ��� Laurel association���. Original designation: Thoribdella insolita Atyeo. Type deposition. SEMC. 207. Odontoscirus intermedius (Thor, 1928): 213 comb. nov.; Norway. Original designation: Biscirus (Biscirus) intermedius Thor; Thor, 1931a: 48. Other names: Biscirus intermedius, Schweizer & Bader, 1963: 236; Thoribdella intermedius, Grandjean, 1938: 4; Bdellodes (Hoploscirus) intermedius, Atyeo, 1963a: 128. Distribution. Norway (Thor 1931a), Georgia (Gomelauri 1963b), Switzerland (Schweizer & Bader 1963), Ukraine (Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a). Type deposition. Lost. 208. Odontoscirus, Published as part of Hernandes, Fabio A., Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, Ray, Dowling, Ashley P. G., Ochoa, Ronald, Ueckermann, Edward A. & Bauchan, Gary R., 2016, Catalogue of snout mites (Acariformes: Bdellidae) of the world, pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 4152 (1) on pages 31-41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4152.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/261900, {"references":["Thor, S. (1913) Biscirus genus novum: eine neue Bdelliden-Gattung und zwei neue Untergattungen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 42, 28 - 30.","Thor, S. (1931 a) Bdellidae, Nicoletiellidae, Cryptognathidae. Das Tierreich, 56, 87 pp.","Meyer, M. K. P. & Ryke, P. A. J. (1959) Cunaxoidea (Acarina: Prostigmata) occurring on plants in South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 13 (2), 369 - 384. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935908655745","Atyeo, W. T. (1960 a) A revision of the family Bdellidae in North and Central America (Acarina: Prostigmata). University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 40, 345 - 499.","Michocka, S. (1987) Polskie Roztocze (Acari) z rodzin Bdellidae i Cunaxidae. Monografie Fauny Polski, 14, 1 - 128 [in Polish with English summary].","Wallace, M. M. H. & Mahon, J. A. (1976) The taxonomy and biology of Australian Bdellidae (Acari). II. Subfamily Odontoscirinae. Acarologia, 18 (1), 65 - 123.","Oudemans, A. C. (1937) Kritisch historisch overzicht der Acarologie. Derede gedeelte, 1805 - 1850, Band C, Tarsonemini Can. & Fanz. 1877, Stomatostigmata Oudms. 1906, Eleutherengona Oudms. 1909. Brill, 1179 - 1259.","Hermann, J. F. (1804) III Ciron (Scirus). Memoire Apterologique, 60 - 62.","Thor, S. (1937) Hoploscirus, eine neue schildtragende Bdellidengattung aus Tasmania, unter dem Namen Scirus dubitatus n. sp. von H. Womersley, 1933 Beschrieben. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 119, 43 - 44.","Womersley, H. 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(1969 a) Taxonomic investigations on free-living mites in the subalpine forest on Shiga Heights IBP area II. Prostigmata. Bulletin of Natural Sciences of Tokyo, 12 (1), 65 - 115.","Nakamura, Y., Ishikawa, K., Shiba, M., Fujikawa, T., Ono, H., Tamura, H. & Morikawa, K. (2006) Soil animals of the 88 Buddhist temples in Shikoku Island. Memoirs of the Faculty of Argriculture, Ehime University, 51, 25 - 48.","Chaudhri, W. M. & Akbar, S. (1985) Studies on the biosystematics and control of mites of field crops, vegetables and fruit plants in Pakistan. Monograph from the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, 314 pp.","Swift, S. F. & Goff, M. L. (1987) The family Bdellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) in the Hawaiian Islands. International Journal of Acarology, 13 (1), 29 - 49. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01647958708683478","Womersley, H. (1933 c) On some acarina from Australia and South Africa. 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Nauka, Moscow, 133 - 143.","Sosnina, E. F., Vysotskaya, S. O., Markov, G. N. & Atanasov, L. K. (1965) Predatory mites of the family Bdellidae (Acarina, Prostigmata) from nests of rodents in Bulgaria. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences, 35, 272 - 287.","Xin, J. - L., Lu, J. - Q. & Zhang, Z. - Q. (1998) Predatory Mites: Their Biology and Roles in Biological Control. Systematic and Applied Acarology Society, London, 187 pp.","Ueckermann, E. A., Rastegar, J., Saboori, A. & Ostovan, H. (2007) Some mites of the superfamily Bdelloidea (Acari: Prostigmata) of Karaj (Iran), with descriptions of two new species and redescription of Bdellodes kazeruni. Acarologia, 47, 127 - 138.","Ehara, S. (1961) Some snout mites from Japan (Acarina: Bdellidae). Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 9 (2), 247 - 263.","Lin, J. Z. & Zhang, Y. X. (2000) Bdelloidea. In: Huang, B. K. (Ed.), Fauna of insects in Fujian Province of China. Vol. 9. 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(1918) A preliminary list of the Acarina of Iowa. The Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 25, 205 - 212.","Banks, N. (1899) Reports upon the insects, spiders, mites and myriapods collected by Dr. L. Stejneger and Mr. G. E. H. Barrett- Hamilton on the Commander Islands-Arachnida. Reports of the fur-seal investigations, 347 - 351.","Tragardh, I. (1904) Monographie der arktischen Acariden. Fauna Arctica, 41, 1 - 77.","Koch, C. L. (1835 - 1844) Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. Ein Beitrag zur deutschen Fauna. Herausgegeben von Dr. Herrich-Schaffer. Regensburg, Friedrich Pustet. 40 parts.","Koch, C. L. (1842) Ubersicht des Arachnidensystems. Familie II: Schabelmilben Bdellides, pp. 73 - 77.","Walckenaer, C. A. & Gervais, M. P. (1844) Histoire naturelle des insectes apteres III. 1 - 476 pp.","Gervais, H. P. (1841) Note sur quelques especes de l´ordre des Acariens. Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie et Biologie Animale, 15, 5 - 10.","Murray, A. (1877) Economic Entomology. Aptera. Chapman and Hall. London. 433 pp.","Hull, J. E. (1918) Terrestrial Acari of the Tyne province. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 75, 13 - 88.","Cambridge, M. A. (1876) On a new order and some new genera of Arachnida from Kerguelen's Land. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 1, 258 - 264.","Berlese, A. (1888) in Berlese, A. & Balzan, A. (1888) Acari Sud-Americani methodice dispositi, descripti, et iconibus illustrati (con tav.), 20, 171 - 222.","Canestrini, G. (1886) Prospetto dell'acarofauna italiana. 2: Erythraeini, Cheyletini, Bdellini, Eupodini e Analgesini. pp. 159 - 311, Tav. X - XXII [= 10 - 22]. Padova.","Hull, J. E. (1915) Snout mites: an introduction to the British Bdellidae. The Vasculum, 1, 117 - 123.","Banks, N. (1919) The Acarina collected by the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913 - 1918. Reports of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 3, Part H, 11 - 13.","Banks, N. (1923) Arachnida. In: Trichoptera, Mecoptera, and Arachnida of the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. North American Fauna, 46, 237 - 239.","Willmann, С. (1951) Die hochalpine Milbenfauna der mittleren Hohen Tauern insbesondere der Groβlockner-Gebietes (Acari). Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 2, 141 - 176.","Butler, G. D. & Usinger, R. L. (1963) Insects and other arthropods from Kure Island. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 18 (2), 237 - 244.","Lellakova-Duskova, F. (1978) Incidence of mites of the family Bdellidae in moss from a spruce wood in SW-Bohemina. Vestnik Ceskoslovenske spolecnosti zoologicke, 42 (1), 23 - 42.","Garret, L. E. & Haramoto, F. H. (1967) A catalogue of Hawaiian Acarina. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 19 (3), 381 - 414.","Bednarskaya, E. V. (2011) The main biotic relations and localization in microstations of prostigmatic predatory mites in carst cavities of Mountain Crimea. Scientific Notes of Taurida V. I. Vernadsky National University. - Series: Biology, chemistry, 24 (63), 3 - 9.","Atyeo, W. T. (1963 b) New species and records of Bdellidae from Macquarie and the Auckland Islands (Acarina). Pacific Insects, 5 (2), 445 - 450.","Shiba, M. (1978) Taxonomic investigation on free-living Prostigmata from the Malay Peninsula. Nature and Life in Southeast Asia, 7, 83 - 229.","Thor, S. (1931 b) Nordafrikanische Bdellidae und Cunaxidae, von Dr. F. Grandjean (Paris) 1931 gesammelt. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 97 (3 - 4), 62 - 79.","Kaluz, S. (2008) Soil mites (Acari) of the forests in floodplain areas of the rivers Danube and Morava. Peckiana, 5, 89 - 103.","Kaluz, S., Ferencik, J. & Vrabek, M. (2013) Study sites influenced by natural and human impacts in Tanap and their acarofauna. 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Monotrichobdella Baker & Balock Monotrichobdella Baker & Balock, 1944: 176. Type-species: Monotrichobdella maxosburni Baker & Balock, 1944 by original designation. 120. Monotrichobdella maxosburni Baker & Balock, 1944: 176; near Tres Cumbres, Mexico-Cuernavaca Highway, Morelos, Mexico, ex lichens. Distribution. Mexico (Morelos, Salazar, Distrito Federal) (Baker & Balock 1944; Atyeo 1960a), Taiwan (Tseng 1978). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a), Tseng (1978). Type deposition. USNM.

Polytrichus van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann Type-species: Polytrichus yemenensis van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2003 by original designation. 87. Polytrichus yemenensis van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2003: 21; Djebel An-Nabi Shuaib, Yemen. Type deposition. NCA., Published as part of Hernandes, Fabio A., Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, Ray, Dowling, Ashley P. G., Ochoa, Ronald, Ueckermann, Edward A. & Bauchan, Gary R., 2016, Catalogue of snout mites (Acariformes: Bdellidae) of the world, pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 4152 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4152.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/261900, {"references":["van Der Schyff, J., Theron, P. D. & Ueckermann, E. A. (2003) Polytrichinae, a new subfamily of Bdellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) from the Afrotropical region. African Plant Protection, 9 (1), 19 - 22."]}

Bdella Latreille Bdella Latreille, 1795: 18; 1810: 133; Berlese, 1893: 42; Oudemans, 1929: 303; Meyer & Ryke, 1959: 373; Atyeo, 1960a: 372, 1963a: 120, 170; Soliman & Zaher, 1975: 79; Chaudhri et al., 1979: 130; van Der Schyff et al., 2005: 222. nec Bdella Savigny, 1822 (Anellida: Hirudinea) junior homonym. Chelifer Geoffroy, 1762: 617 (part.); type species Acarus cancroides Linnaeus, 1762 (Pseudoscorpiones). Scirus Hermann, 1804: 60 (part.) type species Scirus vulgaris Hermann, 1804: 61. Bdellidium Oudemans, 1929: 449; type species Scirus vulgaris Hermann, 1804: 61; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a). Caenobdella Oudemans, 1937: 1227; type-species Bdella crassipes Koch, 1839 by original designation; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a). Type-species: Acarus longicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (= La pince Geoffroy), by subsequent designation (Latreille 1795). 1. Bdella aloios van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 222; Limpopo province, South Africa, ex Canthium mundianum Cham. & Schltdl. (Rubiaceae). Remarks. Male unknown. This species was misspelled as B. alois in van Der Schyff et al. 2005, pages 223, 224. Type deposition. NCA. 2. Bdella bakeri Gupta & Paul, 1985: 14; West Bengal, Midnapur Dist., Patharkumkumi, India; ex nest of dove Streptopelia chinensis (Scopoli) (Aves, Columbidae). Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. NZSI. 3. Bdella biroi Supino, 1894: 197; Hungary.��� Thor, 1931a: 37. Type deposition. Unknown. 4. Bdella boskopensis van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 232; North West Province, South Africa; ex Acacia karroo Hayne (Fabaceae). Type deposition. NCA. 5. Bdella calva Hull, 1915: 122; on soil, England.��� Hull, 1918: 39. Remarks. This species probably belongs to a different genus as indicated by the elongated palp tibiotarsus (Hull 1915, figure 6). Type deposition. Unknown. 6. Bdella captiosa Atyeo, 1963a: 170; Groverly, Queensland, Australia; ex unknown host. Distribution. Australia (Wallace & Mahon 1972), Hawaii (Swift & Goff 1987), Iran (Kamali et al. 2001; Ueckermann et al. 2007; Abbaszadeh et al. 2010). Remarks. Although Atyeo (1963a: 171) established a male as the holotype, Wallace & Mahon (1972: 546, footnote) analyzed the types and concluded it was actually a female; the male and other immatures were not reported until 1987 by Swift & Goff (1987: 43). Redescriptions. Swift & Goff (1987), Ueckermann et al. (2007). Type deposition. SAM. 7. Bdella cardinalis Banks, 1894: 219; ex wood under leaves, NY, USA; 1904a: 144; 1907: 596; 1908: 5; Ewing, 1909b: 68; Ewing & Webster, 1912: 129; Hartzell, 1918: 206; Hernandes, 2013: 61. Distribution. United States (Alabama, Florida, Texas, Illinois) and Mexico. Type deposition. MCZ. Remarks. This species has been considered as a junior synonym of Bdella longicornis (Linnaeus) by Thor (1931a), and as a junior synonym of Bdella oblonga by Jacot (1938); however, Hernandes (2013) revalidated the status of this species. 8. Bdella carolae van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 235; Limpopo Province, South Africa; ex Acacia karroo Hayne (Fabaceae). Type deposition. NCA. 9. Bdella consobrinae van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 234; North West Province, South Africa; ex Acacia karroo Hayne (Fabaceae). Type deposition. NCA. 10. Bdella crassipes Koch, 1839: 23; Germany.��� Koch, 1842: 74; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 532; Thor, 1931a: 31; Caenobdella crassipes (Koch), Oudemans, 1937: 1227. Type deposition. Unknown. 11. Bdella distincta Baker & Balock, 1944: 179; Morelos, Mexico, ex lichens.��� Atyeo, 1960a: 381 (lectotype designation). Distribution. United States (Washington D.C., Hawaii, Texas), Puerto Rico (Guayama), Philippines, Indonesia, Japan, China, Indonesia, Thailand (Atyeo 1960a), Taiwan (Tseng 1978), Hawaii (Garret & Haramoto 1967; Swift & Goff 1987), Guadaloupe (Flechtmann & Etienne 2006), Brazil (Lawson-Balagbo et al. 2008). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a), Tseng (1978), Swift & Goff (1987). Type deposition. Lectotype female, ex Bambusa parvariabilis, China (detected in Washington DC, USA), at USNM. 12. Bdella distinguenda Berlese, 1905: 157; Bogor (former Buitenzorg, Java). Other names: Scirus distinguendus; Thor, 1931a: 45. Remarks. Suspected synonym of Bdellodes longirostris (Hermann) according to Thor (1931a: 45). Type deposition. Lost (Castagnoli & Pegazano 1985). 13. Bdella dorsata Walckenaer & Gervais, 1844: 157; Paris, France on humid soil with small plants in gardens.��� Berlese, 1893: 43; Thor, 1931a: 37; Oudemans, 1937: 1195. Type deposition. Probably lost. 14. Bdella farabii Paktinat-Saeej & Bagheri, 2015a: 524; Amol, Mazandaran Province, Iran (Paktinat-Saeej et al. 2015a). Type deposition. Holotype at the Acarological Collection, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran; one paratype at ASI. 15. Bdella grandjeani Thor, 1931b: 65; Northern Africa. Type deposition. Lost. 16. Bdella heliophila Mihelčič, 1958a: 273; Cercedilla, Spain, on moss of pinus forest. Type deposition. Laboratorium Faunistica y Ecolog��a Animal, Instituto de Edafolog��a, Madrid. 17. Bdella helvetica Schweizer & Bader, 1963: 232; Val Ftur, National Park, Switzerland, under stone. Original designation: Bdella iconica helvetica Schweizer & Bader. Type deposition. NMB (NP 1931). 18. Bdella horvathi Karpelles, 1888: 275; Bulgaria.��� Thor, 1931a: 37. Type deposition. Unknown. 19. Bdella humida Wallace & Mahon, 1972: 546; Millstream, Fortescue River, West Australia, Australia; ex litter of Acacia sp. (Fabaceae) and Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtacea). Distribution. Australia, Iran (Kamali et al. 2001; Ueckermann et al. 2007). Redescription. Ueckermann et al. (2007). Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at ANIC; paratypes at SAM, BMNH, USNM and OSAL. 20. Bdella iconica Berlese, 1923: 240; on plants, in Florence and Germany���Thor, 1931a: 32. a. Bdella iconica var. veneta Berlese, 1923: 240; Thor, 1931a: 32; Schweizer & Bader, 1963: 231. b. Bdella sardoa Berlese, 1923: 241; B. iconica var. sardoa; Thor, 1931a: 32. Synonymy according to Thor (1931a). Distribution. Italy, Germany and Norway (Thor 1931a), Germany (Willmann 1955), Austria (Willmann 1951), France (Schm��lzer 1956), Spain (Mihelčič 1958a), Iceland (Atyeo & Tuxen 1962), Georgia (Gomelauri 1963b), New Zealand (Atyeo 1963a), Switzerland (Schweizer & Bader 1963), Bulgaria (Sosnina et al. 1965), Bohemia (Lell��kov��-Du��kova 1978), Ukraine (Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a), Poland (Michocka 1987), China (Lin et al. 2006), Crimea (Bednarskaya 2009, 2010, 2011), Slovakia (Kaluz et al. 2013). Remarks. Michocka (1987: 39) apparently figured trichobothria on tibiae II, a characteristic only found in the subfamily Odontoscirinae; therefore it is likely that the species reported from Poland might be the result of a misidentification. Redescriptions. Atyeo & Tuxen (1962), Atyeo (1963a), Sosnina et al. (1965), Wallace & Mahon (1972), Lell��kov��-Du��kova (1978), Michocka (1987). Type deposition. CRA. 21. Bdella interrupta Evans, 1952: 668; Mid and North Wales, UK, on rocks above tide marks. Type deposition. Unknown. 22. Bdella karajiensis Ueckermann, Rastegar, Saboori & Ostovan, 2007: 133; Karaj, Iran, ex litter and soil beneath ornamental plant. Type deposition. Holotype at SRIAUT, paratypes at ASI. 23. Bdella khasyana Gupta, 1991: 221; Arunachal Pradesh, India; ex Litsea khasyana Meisn. (Lauraceae). Redescription. Gupta (2002). Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. NZSI. 24. Bdella kuznetsovi Maslov & Khaustov, 2013: 52; Arabatsky Nature Reserve, Crimea, Ukraine; ex storm detritus on shore of Sivash Gulf. Type deposition. NBG. 25. Bdella lattakia Soliman & Zaher, 1975: 79; Slinfa, Lattakia, Syria, ex moss. Distribution. Syria, Iran (Kamali et al. 2001; Ueckermann et al. 2007). Redescription. Ueckermann et al. (2007). Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. CUE. 26. Bdella longicornis (Linnaeus, 1758): 618; in Europe. Original designation: Acarus longicornis Linnaeus (= Acarus petrarum ruber L., 1746: 349).��� M��ller, 1776: 187; Johnston, 1845: 227; Oudemans, 1926b: 116.; Atyeo, 1962: 344 (neotype designation). a. Chelifer totus ruber Geoffroy, 1762: 618; synonymy according to Thor (1902). b. Acarus rupestris Linnaeus, 1758: 618; Hammer, 1775: 157; synonymy according to Thor (1931a). c. Acarus citri Hasselquist, 1757: 431; Oudemans, 1929: 306; synonymy according to Thor (1931a). d. Acarus ruber Linnaeus, 1746; Fabricius, 1775: 815. e. Acarus velox M��ller, 1776: 187; Oudemans, 1929: 312; 1937: 1201. f. Bdella rubra Lamarck, 1801: 179; von Heyden, 1826: 608; synonym of Bdellodes longirostris according to Berlese (1893). g. Scirus vulgaris Hermann, 1804: 61; Oudemans, 1929: 313; Bdella vulgaris, Koch, 1839: 1851; Dug��s, 1834: 21; Voigts & Oudemans, 1906: 242; B��bler, 1910: 812; Oudemans, 1937: 1206; synonymy according to Thor (1904b). h. Bdella decipiens Thorell, 1871: 701; Tr��g��rdh, 1902a: 7; 1904: 47; 1931: 47; Halbert, 1915: 113; Hull, 1918: 39; Banks, 1919: 11; Hull, 1922: 622; Tr��g��rdh, 1931: 47; synonymy according to Thor (1902: 7); Bdella longicornis var. decipiens Thorell; Tr��g��rdh, 1928: 8. i. Bdella borealis Kramer & Neuman, 1883: 525; Banks, 1899: 348; 1907: 596 synonymy according to Thor (1904b). j. Bdella caeca Berlese, 1905: 15; Bdella longicornis var. caeca; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 28). k. Bdella vestita Koch, 1835: 23; 1842: 74; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1844: 157; Anders��n, 1863: 184; Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877: 105.��� Scirus vestitus, Murray, 1877: 146; synonymy according to Thor (1904b). l. Bdella anguinesetosa Ewing, 1909b: 72; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a). m. Bdella tessellata Ewing, 1913: 112; Thor, 1931a: 36; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a). n. Bdella oblonga Say, 1821: 19; Walckenaer & Gervais, 1847: 348; Gervais, 1849: 32; Banks, 1902a: 543; Oudemans, 1937: 1211; Jacot, 1938: 126; Baker & Balock, 1944: 180; Drummond, 1957: 142; synonymy according to Thor (1931a: 25); Bdellodes oblongula, Oudemans, 1937: 1221. o. Bdella egregia Koch, 1839: 23; synonymy according to Thor (1904b). p. Bdella cruentata Koch, 1839: 10; synonymy according to Thor (1904b). q. Bdella tenuirostris Koch, 1839: 18; synonymy according to Thor (1904b). r. B del la vivida Koch, 1839: 19; synonymy according to Thor (1904b). s. Bdella podurophila White, 1852: 210; synonymy according to Thor (1904b). t. Bdella arenaria Kramer, 1881: 444; synonymy according to Thor (1904b). Distribution. Germany (Voigts & Oudemans 1906), Sweden (Tr��g��rdh 1910), England (Hull 1918), Switzerland (Schweizer 1922; Schweizer & Bader 1963), Canada (Summerhayes & Elton 1928), Norway (Thor 1930a), North Africa (Thor 1931b), Austria (Willmann 1951), France (Schm��lzer 1956), Barro Colorado Islands, Panama Canal Zone, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico (Oaxaca, Distrito Federal, M��xico, San Luis Potos��), United States (California, Texas, Utah, Arkansas, Illinois, Tennessee, Florida, Missouri, Michigan, New Hampshire, Vermount), Nova Scotia (Atyeo 1960a), Japan (Ehara 1960; Shiba & Morikawa 1966; Shiba 1969a), Canada (Sinha 1963), Taiwan (Tseng 1978), United States (Lehman 1982), Poland (Michocka 1987), Korea (Lee et al. 1997), China (Fujian) (Lin & Zhang 2000), Japan (Nakamura et al. 2006), Iran (Kamali et al. 2001, Ueckermann et al. 2007), Crimea (Bednarskaya 2011). Redescriptions. Walckenaer & Gervais (1844), Thor (1926, 1930a, 1931a), Tr��g��rdh (1928), Oudemans (1929, 1937), Willmann (1956), Atyeo (1960a, 1962), Ehara (1961), Schweizer & Bader (1963), Shiba (1969a), Wallace & Mahon (1972), Tseng (1978), Michocka (1987), Ueckermann et al. (2007). Remarks. Bdella longicornis is the type species of the genus Bdella, and is among the first members of the family ever described. As a consequence, it has appeared under various names in the 18th and 19th century literature. Type deposition. Neotype of B. longicornis at USNM; type of B. caeca at CRA; type of B. cardinalis at MCZ; type of B. anguinesetosa at USNM. 27. Bdella longipalpus Mihelčič, 1958b: 41; Sierra Nevada, Spain. Type deposition. Unknown. 28. Bdella longistriata Atyeo, 1960a: 380; Llera, Tamaulipas, Mexico, ex pineapple epiphyte. Other records: Mexico (Llera, Tamaulipas; Ciudad del Maiz, San Luis Potos��; Antiguo Morelos, Tamaulipas), United States (Texas) (Atyeo 1960a). Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SEMC, paratypes at USNM. 29. Bdella malaccensis Shiba, 1978: 99; Malacca, Malaysia; under stones of intertidal zone. Type deposition. Biological Laboratory of Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, Matsuyama, Japan. 30. Bdella malawiensis van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 224; Malawi, Bangula, Mozambique; ex Trichilia dregeana Sond. (Meliaceae). Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. NCA. 31. Bdella maldahanensis Gupta, 1992: 121; West Bengal, India, ex Mangifera indica Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae). Redescription. Gupta (2002). Type deposition. NZSI. 32. Bdella muscorum Ewing, 1909a: 124; Muncie, Illinois, USA ex moss.��� Thor, 1931a: 38. a. Bdella recens Ewing, 1934: 57 (= Bdella lata Ewing, 1909b: 69); Drummond, 1957: 142; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a). b. Bdella subnigra Ewing, 1909b: 73; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a). c. Bdella muscorum var. minnesotensis Ewing, 1913: 113; Thor, 1931a: 38; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a). Distribution. United States (California, Colorado, New Mexico, Kansas, Arkansas, Tennessee, Michigan, Minnesota, Illinois, Maryland), Alaska (Point Barrow, Chandler Lake Region, Umiaat, District of Mackenzie), Germany (Ost-Holstein), Czeck Republic and Iceland (Atyeo 1960a), Iceland (Atyeo & Tuxen 1962), Georgia (Gomelauri 1963b), Bulgaria (Sosnina et al. 1965), Japan (Shiba & Morikawa 1966), Bohemia (Lell��kov��- Du��kova 1978), Taiwan (Tseng 1978), Ukraine (Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a), Pakistan (Chaudhri et al. 1979), Canada (Danks 1980), United States (Lehman 1982), Korea (Lee et al. 1997), China (Fujian) (Lin & Zhang 2000), Hungary (Ripka et al. 2005), Japan (Nakamura et al. 2006), Iran (Ueckermann et al. 2007), Crimea (Bednarskaya 2009, 2010, 2011), Slovakia (Kaluz 2008). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a), Atyeo & Tuxen (1962), Shiba & Morikawa (1966), Sosnina et al. (1965), Wallace & Mahon (1972), Lell��kov��-Du��kova (1978), Tseng (1978). Type deposition. USNM. 33. Bdella neograndjeani Meyer & Ryke, 1959: 373; Eastern Cape Province, South Africa; ex unidentified shrub. Redescription. van Der Schyff et al. (2005). Type deposition. NCA. 34. Bdella nihoaensis Swift & Goff, 1987: 29; Nihoa Island, Hawaii, ex litter. Remarks. Female unknown. Type deposition. BPBM. 35. Bdella nylsvleyensis van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2005: 226; Limpopo Province, South Africa, ex soil and debris. Type deposition. NCA. 36. Bdella obesa Oudemans, 1937: 1211; unknown locality, Germany. Type deposition. Unknown. 37. Bdella pinicola Cooreman, 1943: 7; on pines, near Brussels, Belgium. Type deposition. IRSN. 38. Bdella piggotti Evans, 1953: 272; Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Type deposition. Unknown. 39. Bdella pulchella Berlese, 1923: 241; unknown plant and in soil, Italy (Florence and Forli).��� Thor, 1931a: 33. Distribution. Norway and Italy (Thor 1931a), Spain (Mihelčič 1958a). Type deposition. Lost (Castagnoli & Pegazzano 1985). 40. Bdella radhikae Sadanandan et al., 2009: 3; ex Cocos nucifera, Kerala, India. Type deposition. Division of Acarology, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, India. 41. Bdella robusta Banks, 1894: 220; Sea Cliff, New York, USA, on ground.��� Banks, 1907: 596. Other name: Scirus robustus, Thor, 1931a: 45. Distribution. United States (Sea Cliff, New York) (Thor 1931a). Type deposition. Unknown. 42. Bdella semiscutata Thor, 1930a: 92; Svalbard, Norway.��� Thor, 1931a: 29; Willmann, 1939c: 431; 1956: 243. Distribution. Svalbard Island (Norway), Norway, Germany, (Thor 1931a), North Africa (Thor 1931b), Austria (Willmann 1951), Spain (Mihelčič 1958b), Georgia (Gomelauri 1963b), Switzerland (Schweizer &, Published as part of Hernandes, Fabio A., Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, Ray, Dowling, Ashley P. 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Spinibdella Thor Spinibdella Thor, 1930b: 22; 1931a: 39; Atyeo, 1960a: 424; Soliman & Zaher, 1975: 80; Tseng, 1978: 38; Chaudhri et al., 1979: 133; Michocka, 1987: 82. Type-species: Spinibdella reducta Thor, 1930b: 23 by original designation. 121. Spinibdella ampulla Wallace & Mahon, 1972: 568; Millstream, Western Australia, ex green herbaceous, couch grass, Eucalyptus sp. litter. Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. ANIC. 122. Spinibdella ankylotricha Omukunda, Theron & Ueckermann, 2012: 9; Limpopo Province, South Africa. Type deposition. NCA. 123. Spinibdella antarctica (Tr��g��rdh, 1907): 24; South Georgia, Grytviken Peninsula, Antarctica, under rocks.��� Wallace, 1970: 107. Original designation: Bdella antarctica Tr��g��rdh; Thor, 1931a: 33. Redescription. Wallace (1970). Type deposition. BPBM; USNM, BMNH, ANIC. 124. Spinibdella arenosa Willmann, 1939b: 532; Germany (Wangerooge Island) (Willmann, 1952: 165). Type deposition. ZSM. 125. Spinibdella atyeoi Gupta & Paul, 1985: 14; West Bengal, Midnapur Dist., Patharkumkumi, India, ex nest of Prinia inornata (Sykes 1832) (Aves: Cysticolidae). Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. NZSI. 126. Spinibdella bifurcata Atyeo, 1960a: 430; 10 miles west of Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico, under rock.��� Soliman, 1975: 48. Distribution. Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Puebla, Michoac��n, United States (Texas) (Atyeo 1960a), Egypt (Giza) (Soliman 1975; Zaher 1986), Malaysia (Shiba 1978), China (Lin et al. 2006). Redescription. Shiba (1978). Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SEMC, paratypes at USNM, BMNH and SAM. 127. Spinibdella bioculata Swift & Goff, 1987: 39; Kahoolawe Island, Hawaii, ex Kiawe duff and grasses. Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. BPBM. 128. Spinibdella californica McGregor, 1956: 12; California, USA, ex lemon. Type deposition. Unknown. 129. Spinibdella corticis (Ewing, 1909a): 122; Urbana, Illinois, USA, under bark of cottonwood tree.��� Atyeo, 1960a: 426. Original designation: Bdella corticis Ewing; Thor, 1931a: 36. Other name: Spinibdella cortis [sic]; Rack, 1961: 185. Distribution. United States (Illinois, Texas, Utah, Nebraska), Mexico (Oaxaca), Guatemala (Atyeo 1960a), Japan (Shiba & Morikawa 1966), Australia (Wallace & Mahon 1972). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a), Wallace & Mahon (1972). Type deposition. USNM. 130. Spinibdella cronini (Baker & Balock, 1944): 178; Planada, California, USA, on lichens from fig tree.��� Atyeo, 1960a: 432. Original designation: Bdella cronini Baker & Balock. Distribution. United States (California, Texas, Utah, Colorado, Washington, Alabama, Maryland), Mexico (Tamaulipas, Guerrero, Nevo Le��n, San Luis Potos��) (Atyeo 1960a), Australia (Atyeo 1963a; Wallace & Mahon 1972), Bulgaria (Sosnina et al. 1965), Egypt (Soliman 1975), Syria (Lattakia) (Soliman & Zaher 1975), Ukraine (Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a), United States (Lehman 1982), Hawaii (Swift & Goff 1987), Hungary (Ripka et al. 2005), China (Li et al. 1992; Li & Fan 2007), Iran (Ostovan & Kamali 1995; Kamali et al. 2001, Jalaeian et al. 2005; Ueckermann et al. 2007; Abbaszadeh et al. 2010; Daneshnia & Akrami 2013; Majidi & Akrami 2013; Masoudian & Khanjani 2013), Brazil (Pinto-da-Rocha 1995; Hernandes et al. 2011), Slovakia (Kaluz 2008). Remarks. this species was found in bat guano in USA (Webster & Whitaker 2005). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a, 1963a), Sosnina et al. (1965), Wallace & Mahon (1972), Swift & Goff (1987), Ueckermann et al. (2007). Type deposition. USNM. 131. Spinibdella denheyeri Hernandes, Daud & Feres, 2008: 265; ex Coffea arabica leaves (Linnaeus, Rubiaceae) Atibaia, S��o Paulo, Brazil. Type deposition. DZSJRP. 132. Spinibdella depressa (Ewing, 1909a): 125; Arcola, Illinois, USA, under bark.��� Atyeo, 1960a: 428. Original designation: Bdella depressa Ewing; Thor, 1931a: 38. a. Bdella virgata Ewing, 1909b: 70; Hartzell, 1918: 206; Baker & Balock, 1944: 179 synonymy by Atyeo (1960a). b. Bdella chapultepecensis Baker & Balock, 1944: 177 synonymy by Atyeo (1960a). c. Bdella riolermensis Baker & Balock, 1944: 178 synonymy by Atyeo (1960a). Distribution. United States (Maryland) (Drummond 1957), United States (Illinois, Texas, Maryland, Arkansas, Kansas, New Jersey, Connecticut), Mexico (M��xico, Distrito Federal, San Luis Potos��, Morelos) (Atyeo 1960a), Australia (Atyeo 1963a; Wallace & Mahon 1972), Pakistan (Chaudhri et al. 1979), United States (Lehman 1982), Hawaii (Swift & Goff 1987), China (Fujian) (Lin & Zhang 2000), Iran (Kamali et al. 2001; Ueckermann et al. 2007; Abbaszadeh et al. 2010). Remarks. this species has the posterior eye wanting, with circular striation where that eye should normally be. Redescriptions. Baker & Balock (1944), Atyeo (1960a, 1963a), Wallace & Mahon (1972), Swift & Goff (1987), Ueckermann et al. (2007). Type deposition. USNM. 133. Spinibdella dusta Shiba, 1969b: 150; tatami, Kuwabara-ch��, Matsuyama, Japan, ex tatami. Type deposition. Biological Laboratory of Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, Matsuyama, Japan. 134. Spinibdella gibberabdomen (Thor, 1931b): 68; Tangier, Morocco; Paktinat-Saeej et al. 2015: 695. Original designation: Bdella gibberabdomen Thor. Remarks. The author mentions only two ventral setae on the hypostome, and illustrates a truncate palptarsus, which is why this species was transferred to the genus Spinibdella. Type deposition. Lost. 135. Spinibdella howarthi Swift & Goff, 1987: 40; Mauna Kea Summit Cone, Hawaii, under stone. Remarks. Male unknown; species known only from the holotype. Type deposition. BPBM. 136. Spinibdella iberica Gomelauri, 1961: 68; close to the Turtle lake near Tbilisi, Georgia, ex lichens. Type deposition. Unknown. Remarks. The choice of the epithet by the author is a mystery, since the type locality was not in the Iberian Peninsula. 137. Spinibdella lignicola (Canestrini, 1886): 184; Italy and Egypt.��� Tseng, 1978: 47. Original designation: Bdella lignicola Canestrini. Distribution. Italy (Canestrini 1886; Thor 1931a), England (Hull 1918), Egypt (Tr��g��rdh 1905; Thor 1931a; Abdel-Shaheed et al. 1971), Spain (Mihelčič 1958b), Switzerland (Schweizer & Bader 1963), Taiwan (Tseng 1978), China (Sichuan) (Li et al. 1992), Czeck Republic (Stejskal & Hubert 2008). Redescription. Tseng (1978). Type deposition. CRA. 138. Spinibdella longistriata Tseng, 1978: 42; Shandimann, Pingtung Hsien, Taiwan, ex litter. Type deposition. Supposedly at BSMI, but probably lost (C-C Ho, pers. comm.). 139. Spinibdella mali Jorgensen, 1967: 98; Spring Lake, Utah Co, Utah, USA, ex bark of apple tree. Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. Unknown. 140. Spinibdella namibiensis Omukunda, Theron & Ueckermann, 2012: 15; Namibia and South Africa. Type deposition. NCA. 141. Spinibdella novemsetosa Tseng, 1978: 42; Tainan city, Taiwan, on shallot (Alliaceae). Type deposition. Supposedly at BSMI, but probably lost (C-C Ho, pers. comm.). 142. Spinibdella ornata Atyeo, 1960a: 434; Bear Lake, Rock Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA, ex moss and litter. Distribution. California, (Atyeo 1960a), Wisconsin (Oatman 1963). Remarks. Suspected synonym of S. thori, according to Atyeo (1963a: 174). Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at SEMC, paratypes at CSUC, USNM. 143. Spinibdella polyattenuata Omukunda, Theron & Ueckermann, 2012: 6; Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Type deposition. NCA. 144. Spinibdella pongolensis Omukunda, Theron & Ueckermann, 2012: 12; Kwazulu, Natal, South Africa. Type deposition. NCA. 145. Spinibdella quinqueoculata Thor, 1931b: 70; Tangier, Morocco, ex moss. Type deposition. Lost. 146. Spinibdella rapida Kuznetsov & Livshits, 1979b: 608; rocky cliffs in the vicinity of Alupka town, Crimea, Ukraine, ex moss.��� Bednarskaya, 2011: 5. Type deposition. NBG. 147. Spinibdella reducta Thor, 1930b: 23; Norway, in coniferous forest litter.��� Thor, 1931a: 39. Distribution. Norway (Thor 1931a), Poland (Michocka 1987). Redescriptions. Thor (1931a), Michocka (1987). Type deposition. Lost. 148. Spinibdella smileyi Tseng, 1978: 39; Taipei, Chiayi Hsien, Taiwan, ex litter. Type deposition. Supposedly at BSMI, but probably lost (C-C Ho, pers. comm.). 149. Spinibdella subrufa Rack, 1961: 183; Germany. Type deposition. ZMUH. 150. Spinibdella tabarii Paktinat-Saeej & Bagheri, 2015b: 696; Amol city, Mazandaran Province, Iran; also citrus, Noor city, Mazandaran Province, Iran. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at the Acarological Collection, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran; paratypes at the Acarological Collection, Jalal Afshar Zoological Museum, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran; and also at ASI. 151. Spinibdella tadjikistanica Kuznetsov, 1984: 774; Kondara Canyon, Tadjikistan, ex hawthorn (Crataegus sp., Rosaceae) and grape. Type deposition. NBG. 152. Spinibdella tenella (Banks, 1896): 75; Sea Cliffs, Long Island, NY, USA. Original designation: Bdella tenella Banks; Banks, 1904c: 16; 1907: 596; Thor, 1931a: 31; Spinibdella tenella; Hernandes, 2013: 64. Type deposition. MCZ. 153. Spinibdella tenuirostris (Ewing, 1917): 149; Xenia, Ohio, USA, under stones.��� Atyeo, 1960a: 424. Original designation: Bdella tenuirostris Ewing; Berlese, 1893: 43. a. Spinibdella wilsoni Jacot, 1938: 129; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a: 424). Distribution. Germany (Thor 1931a), United States (Ohio, Florida, Arkansas, Kansas, North Carolina, Vermont, Michigan, California) (Atyeo 1960a), Japan (Shiba & Morikawa 1966), Australia (Atyeo 1963a; Wallace & Mahon 1972), Russia (Wainstein et al. 1978, Ghilarov 1978), Taiwan (Tseng 1978), Korea (Lee et al. 1997), Mexico (Hoffmann & L��pez-Campos 2000), Spain (Domingo-Quero et al. 2003). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a, 1963a), Shiba & Morikawa (1966), Wallace & Mahon (1972), Tseng (1978). Remarks. Ewing (1917, not 1914 as mentioned by both Atyeo [1960a] and Wainstein et al. [1978]) described Bdella tenuirostris, without noticing the preoccupied name erected by Koch (1839: 23). Type deposition. USNM. 154. Spinibdella thori (Meyer & Ryke, 1959): 375; Bathurst, South Africa, ex grass and soil.��� Atyeo, 1963a: 174. Original designation: Bdella thori Meyer & Ryke. Distribution. South Africa (Meyer & Ryke 1959; Halliday 2005), Australia (Atyeo 1963a; Wallace & Mahon 1972; Halliday 2005), Hawaii (Swift & Goff 1987; 2001), Mexico (Hoffmann & L��pez-Campos 2000), Iran (Abbaszadeh et al. 2010). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1963a), Wallace & Mahon (1972), Swift & Goff (1987), Omukunda et al. (2012). Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. Institute for Zoological Research, Potchefstroom University, South Africa. 155. Spinibdella trinomma Omukunda, Theron & Ueckermann, 2012: 3; Kwazulu, Natal, South Africa. Type deposition. NCA. 156. Spinibdella trisetosa (Jacot, 1938): 128 comb. nov.; Micanope, Florida, USA, ex leaf litter. Original designation: Bdella trisetosa Jacot. Remarks. This species is herein transferred to the genus Spinibdella due to having two ventral setae on the hypostome, tricobothria present on tibiae I, IV, tarsi III and IV, setae lps present, and the palpal tibiotarsus truncate. Type deposition. USNM. 157. Spinibdella yeni Tseng, 1978: 44; Taipu, Chiayi Hsien, Taiwan, ex litter. Type deposition. Supposedly at BSMI, but probably lost (C-C Ho, pers. comm.)., Published as part of Hernandes, Fabio A., Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, Ray, Dowling, Ashley P. G., Ochoa, Ronald, Ueckermann, Edward A. & Bauchan, Gary R., 2016, Catalogue of snout mites (Acariformes: Bdellidae) of the world, pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 4152 (1) on pages 26-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4152.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/261900, {"references":["Thor, S. (1930 b) Norwegische Bdellidae IV-V. Zwei neue Arten und eine neue Gattung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 92, 17 - 26.","Atyeo, W. T. (1960 a) A revision of the family Bdellidae in North and Central America (Acarina: Prostigmata). University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 40, 345 - 499.","Soliman, Z. R. & Zaher, M. A. (1975) Bdellid mites of Lattakia, Syria. Bulletin de la Societe Royale Entomologique, 59, 73 - 82.","Tseng, Y-H. (1978) Mites of the family Bdellidae from Taiwan (Acarina: Prostigmata). Journal of the Agricultural Association of China, 104, 25 - 51.","Chaudhri, W. M., Akbar, S. & Rasool, A. (1979) Studies on the predatory leaf inhabiting mites of Pakistan. 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(2006) Five new records of snout mite from China (Acari: Bdellidae). Wuyi Science Journal, 22, 1 - 31.","Swift, S. F. & Goff, M. L. (1987) The family Bdellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) in the Hawaiian Islands. International Journal of Acarology, 13 (1), 29 - 49. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01647958708683478","McGregor, E. A. (1956) The mites of citrus trees in southern California. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 3 (3), 12 - 13.","Ewing, H. E. (1909 a) Three new species of the genus Bdella (mites). The Canadian Entomologist, 41, 122 - 126. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 41122 - 4","Rack, V. G. (1961) Spinibdella subrufa sp. n. aus Nestern verwilderter Haustauben (Acarina, Bdellidae). Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Staatsinstitut und Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 34, 183 - 188.","Shiba, M. & Morikawa, K. (1966) Prostigmatic mites from Japan. II Bdellidae I (Bdellinae, Cytinae, Spinibdellinae). Reports of Research Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, 3, 17 - 37.","Baker, E. W. & Balock, J. W. (1944) Mites of the family Bdellidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 46 (7), 176 - 184.","Atyeo, W. T. (1963 a) The Bdellidae (Acarina) of the Australian Realm. Part I: New Zealand, Campbell Island, and the Auckland Islands. pp. 113 - 166; Part II: Australia and Tasmania. pp. 167 - 210. Bulletin of The University of Nebraska State Museum, 4 (8), 113 - 210.","Sosnina, E. F., Vysotskaya, S. O., Markov, G. N. & Atanasov, L. K. (1965) Predatory mites of the family Bdellidae (Acarina, Prostigmata) from nests of rodents in Bulgaria. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences, 35, 272 - 287.","Kuznetsov, N. N. & Livshits, I. Z. (1979 a) Predatory mites of the Nikita Botanical Garden (Acariformes: Bdellidae, Cunaxidae, Camerobiidae). Proceedings of the State Nikita Botanical Garden, 79, 51 - 104.","Lehman, R. D. (1982) Mites (Acari) of Pennsylvania conifers. Transactions of the America Entomological Society, 180, 181 - 286.","Ripka, G., Fain, A., Kazmierski, A., Kreiter, S. & Magowski, W. L. (2005) New data to the knowledge of the mites fauna of Hungary (Acari: Mesostigmata, Prostigmata and Astigmata). Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 40, 159 - 176. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1556 / APhyt. 40.2005.1 - 2.13","Li, L. S., Xuan, J. - Y. & Fan, Q. - H. (1992) Taxonomic investigation of food mites in Sichuan Province. Journal of Southeast Agricultural University, 14 (1), 23 - 34 [in Chinese with English abstract].","Li, L-S. & Fan, Q-H. (2007) A survey of food mites from four provinces of China. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 2, 247 - 250. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 2.1.38","Ostovan, H. & Kamali, K. (1995) Some snout mites (Acari: Bdellidae) from Iran and a key for their identification. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1, 29 - 43.","Kamali, K., Ostovan, H. & Atamehr, A. (2001) A catalog of mites & ticks (Acari) of Iran. Islamic Azad University Scientific Publication Center. 204 pp.","Daneshnia, N. & Akrami, M. A. (2013) Mites (Acari) associated with the fig trees (Ficus carica L.) in Estahban (Fars Province), Iran. Persian Journal of Acarology, 2 (3), 539 - 541.","Majidi, M. & Akrami, M. A. (2013) Mites associated with the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Larestan (Fars Province), southern Iran. Persian Journal of Acarology, 2 (2), 335 - 339.","Masoudian, F. & Khanjani, M. (2013) Mites associated with some medicinal plants (Asteraceae) in Hamedan, Iran. Journal of Crop Protection, 2 (2), 209 - 218.","Pinto-da-Rocha, R. (1995) Sinopse da fauna cavernicola do Brasil. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo, 39 (6), 61 - 173.","Hernandes, F. A., Bernardi, L. F. O. & Ferreira, R. L. (2011) Snout mites from caves in Brazil, with description of a new species. Journal of Natural History, 45, 799 - 812. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2010.535919","Kaluz, S. (2008) Soil mites (Acari) of the forests in floodplain areas of the rivers Danube and Morava. Peckiana, 5, 89 - 103.","Webster, J. M. & Whitaker, J. O. (2005) Study of guano communities of Big Brown bat colonies in Indiana and neighboring Illinois counties. Northeastern Naturalist, 12 (2), 221 - 232. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1656 / 1092 - 6194 (2005) 012 [0221: SOGCOB] 2.0. CO; 2","Hernandes, F. A., Daud, R. D. & Feres, R. J. F. (2008) Two new species of Bdellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) from Brazil. International Journal of Acarology, 34 (3), 259 - 266. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01647950808684539","Ewing, H. E. (1909 b) A systematic and biological study of the Acarina of Illinois. University of Illinois Bulletin, 7 (14), 1 - 120.","Hartzell, A. (1918) A preliminary list of the Acarina of Iowa. The Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 25, 205 - 212.","Drummond, R. O. (1957) Observations on the fluctuations of acarine populations from nests of Peromyscus leucopus. Ecological Monographs, 27 (2), 137 - 152. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 1948573","Lin, J. Z. & Zhang, Y. X. (2000) Bdelloidea. In: Huang, B. K. (Ed.), Fauna of insects in Fujian Province of China. Vol. 9. Fujian Science and Technology Press, Fuzhou, 109 - 121.","Shiba, M. (1969 b) On some mites from \" Tatami \" (Japanese Rice Straw Matting). Reports of Research Matsuyama Shinonome Junior College, 4, 147 - 170.","Thor, S. (1931 b) Nordafrikanische Bdellidae und Cunaxidae, von Dr. F. Grandjean (Paris) 1931 gesammelt. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 97 (3 - 4), 62 - 79.","Gomelauri, L. A. (1961) New species of the family Bdellidae. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, 26 (1), 68 - 72.","Canestrini, G. (1886) Prospetto dell'acarofauna italiana. 2: Erythraeini, Cheyletini, Bdellini, Eupodini e Analgesini. pp. 159 - 311, Tav. X - XXII [= 10 - 22]. Padova.","Hull, J. E. (1918) Terrestrial Acari of the Tyne province. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 75, 13 - 88.","Tragardh, I. (1905) Acariden aus Aegypten und dem Sudan. In: Results of the Swedish zoological expedition to Egypt and the White Nile, 1901. part II. 124 pp.","Abdel-Shaheed, G. A., Hammad, S. M. & El-Sawaf, S. K. (1971) Survey of mites found on some field crops in Alexandria District, U. A. R. Journal of Applied Entomology, 69, 106 - 110. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0418.1971. tb 03191. x","Mihelcic, F. (1958 b) Zoologisch-systematische Ergebnisse der Studienreise von H. Janetschek und W. Steiner in die spanische Sierra Nevada 1954. IX. Milben (Acarina). Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abteilung I, 167, 35 - 57.","Schweizer, J. & Bader, C. (1963) Die Landmilben der Schweiz (Mittelland, Jura and Alpen). Trombidiformes Reuter. Denkschriften Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 84, 209 - 378.","Stejskal, V. & Hubert, J. (2008) Risk of occupational allergy to stored grain arthropods and false pest-risk perception in Czech grain stores. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 15 (1), 29 - 35.","Jorgensen, C. (1967) A new species of Spinibdella from Utah (Bdellidae: Acarina). The Great Basin Naturalist, 27 (1), 98 - 101.","Oatman, E. R. (1963) Mite species on apple foliage in Wisconsin. In: Advances in Acarology, Naegele, J. A. (Ed.), vol. 1, Comstock Pub. Assoc., 21 - 24.","Kuznetsov, N. N. & Livshits, I. Z. (1979 b) Two new species of Bdellidae (Acariformes) from the Crimea. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 58 (4), 607 - 610.","Bednarskaya, E. V. (2011) The main biotic relations and localization in microstations of prostigmatic predatory mites in carst cavities of Mountain Crimea. Scientific Notes of Taurida V. I. Vernadsky National University. - Series: Biology, chemistry, 24 (63), 3 - 9.","Paktinat-Saeej, S., Bagheri, M., Saboori, A., Seilsepour, N. & Ueckermann, E. A. (2015 b) A new snout mite, Spinibdella tabarii sp. nov. (Trombidiformes: Bdellidae) from Iran, with a summary of Spinibdella distributions worldwide. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 20 (6), 693 - 706. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 20.6.11","Banks, N. (1896) New North American spiders and mites. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 57 - 77.","Banks, N. (1904 c) A treatise on the Acarina, or mites. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 28, 1 - 114.","Hernandes, F. A. (2013) Revision of Nathan Banks' type specimens of Bdellidae Duges (Acari: Trombidiformes) of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge. International Journal of Acarology, 39 (1), 1 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01647954.2012.739642","Ewing, H. E. (1917) New Acarina, part II-Descriptions of new species and varieties from Iowa, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana and Ohio. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 37 (2), 149 - 172.","Jacot, A. P. (1938) Thomas Say's free-living mites re-discovered. Psyche, 45, 126 - 130. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1155 / 1938 / 92469","Wainstein, B. A., Kuznetsov, N. N., Livshits, I. Z. & Sosnina, E. F. (1978) Family Bdellidae. In: Gilyarov, M. S. (Ed) Identifcation key to soil-inhabiting mites, Trombidiformes. Nauka, Moscow, 133 - 143.","Lee, W. - K., Lim, J. - W. & Lee, S. - Y. (1997) A taxonomic study on the family Bdellidae (Bdelloidea: Prostigmata) in Korea. Korean Journal of Soil Zoology, 2 (2), 65 - 75 [in Korean with English abstract]","Hoffmann, A. & Lopez-Campos, G. (2000) Biodiversidad de los acaros en Mexico. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico y Conabio, Mexico, D. F. 230 pp.","Domingo-Quero, T., Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A., Sanchez-Ruiz, A., Araujo Armero, R., Navas Sanchez, A., Sanchez Moreno, S., Garcia Becerra, R., Nebreda, M., Sanchez Ruiz, M., Fontal-Cazalla, F. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (2003) Inventariando la Biodiversidad en el Parque Nacional de la Caldera de Taburiente (La Palma, Islas Canarias, Espana): Novedades cientificas. Graellsia, 59 (2 - 3), 45 - 68. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / graellsia. 2003. v 59. i 2 - 3.235","Meyer, M. K. P. & Ryke, P. A. J. (1959) Cunaxoidea (Acarina: Prostigmata) occurring on plants in South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 13 (2), 369 - 384. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935908655745","Halliday, R. B. (2005) Predatory mites from crops and pastures in South Africa: potential natural enemies of redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Acari: Penthaleidae). Zootaxa, 1079, 11 - 64.","Swift, S. F. & Goff, M. L. (2001) Mites (Acari) communities associated with ' Ohi'a, Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae), at Hono O Na Pali and Kui`a Natural area reserves on Kaua`i Island, Hawaiian Islands. Pacific Science, 55 (1), 23 - 40. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1353 / psc. 2001.0008"]}

Trachymolgus Berlese Trachymolgus Berlese, 1923: 242; Thor, 1931a: 40. Type-species: Bdella nigerrima Canestrini & Fanzago, 1876 by original designation. 83. Trachymolgus jesusi Mej��a-Recamier & Palacios-Vargas, 1999: 165; Jalisco, Chamela, M��xico. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at UNAM, paratypes at UGA, CRA and CNC. 84. Trachymolgus nigerrima (Canestrini & Fanzago, 1876): 108; Italy. Original designation: Bdella nigerrima Canestrini & Fanzago.���Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877: 104; Canestrini, 1886: 189; Berlese, 1883: 214; Thor, 1931a: 40; Trachymolgus nigerrimus; Berlese, 1923: 242; Sosnina et al. (1965: 279). a. Acarus citri Hasselquist, 1757: 431; Oudemans, 1926b: 118; synonymy according to Thor, 1931a; Bdella citri, Thor (1931a). Distribution. Italy, Switzerland (Thor 1931a), Georgia (Gomelauri 1963b), Switzerland (Schweizer & Bader 1963), Bulgaria (Sosnina et al. 1965), Ukraine (Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a). Type deposition. Unknown. 85. Trachymolgus purpureus Fisher & Dowling, 2011: 5 (in Fisher et al. 2011); Ozark Highlands, Arkansas, USA. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at ACUA, paratypes at OSAL, FMNH, USNM. 86. Trachymolgus recki Gomelauri, 1961: 69; Sukhumi and Tbilisi, Georgia, ex oak leaves and tree stocks in forest. Type deposition. Unknown., Published as part of Hernandes, Fabio A., Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, Ray, Dowling, Ashley P. G., Ochoa, Ronald, Ueckermann, Edward A. & Bauchan, Gary R., 2016, Catalogue of snout mites (Acariformes: Bdellidae) of the world, pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 4152 (1) on pages 22-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4152.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/261900, {"references":["Berlese, A. (1923) Centuria sesta di Acari nuovi. Redia-Giornale di Entomologia, 15, 1 - 240.","Thor, S. (1931 a) Bdellidae, Nicoletiellidae, Cryptognathidae. Das Tierreich, 56, 87 pp.","Canestrini, G. & Fanzago, F. (1876) Nuovi Acari Acari Italiani. Atti della Societa Veneto-Trentina di Scienze Naturali, Padova, 5 (1), 99 - 111.","Mejia-Recamier, B. E. & Palacios-Vargas, J. G. (1999) A new species of Trachymolgus (Prostigmata: Bdellidae) from Mexico. Acarologia, 40 (2), 165 - 170.","Canestrini, G. & Fanzago, F. (1877) Intorno agli acari italiani. Atti del Reale Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, 5 (4), 1 - 140 + plates II - VII.","Canestrini, G. (1886) Prospetto dell'acarofauna italiana. 2: Erythraeini, Cheyletini, Bdellini, Eupodini e Analgesini. pp. 159 - 311, Tav. X - XXII [= 10 - 22]. Padova.","Berlese, A. (1883) Escursione in Sicilia: Acarofauna Sicula. Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 15, 212 - 220.","Sosnina, E. F., Vysotskaya, S. O., Markov, G. N. & Atanasov, L. K. (1965) Predatory mites of the family Bdellidae (Acarina, Prostigmata) from nests of rodents in Bulgaria. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences, 35, 272 - 287.","Hasselquist, F. (1757) Iter Palaestinum, Eller, Resa til Heliga Landet, Forrattad Infran ar 1749 til 1752.","Oudemans, A. C. (1926 b) Kritisch Historisch overzicht der Acarologie. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 69, 500 pp.","Gomelauri, L. A. (1963 b) On the study of mites of the family Bdellidae in Georgian S. S. R. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, 30 (2), 47 - 51.","Schweizer, J. & Bader, C. (1963) Die Landmilben der Schweiz (Mittelland, Jura and Alpen). Trombidiformes Reuter. Denkschriften Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 84, 209 - 378.","Kuznetsov, N. N. & Livshits, I. Z. (1979 a) Predatory mites of the Nikita Botanical Garden (Acariformes: Bdellidae, Cunaxidae, Camerobiidae). Proceedings of the State Nikita Botanical Garden, 79, 51 - 104.","Fisher, J. R., Skvarla, M. J., Bauchan, G. R., Ochoa, R. & Dowling, A. P. G. (2011) Trachymolgus purpureus sp. n., an armored snout mite (Acari, Bdellidae) from the Ozark Highlands: morphology, development, and key to Trachymolgus Berlese. Zookeys, 125, 1 - 34. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 125.1875","Gomelauri, L. A. (1961) New species of the family Bdellidae. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, 26 (1), 68 - 72."]}

Bdellidae Dug��s Bdellei Dug��s, 1834: 21; (for exhaustive reference list see Thor, 1931a: 1)., Published as part of Hernandes, Fabio A., Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, Ray, Dowling, Ashley P. G., Ochoa, Ronald, Ueckermann, Edward A. & Bauchan, Gary R., 2016, Catalogue of snout mites (Acariformes: Bdellidae) of the world, pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 4152 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4152.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/261900, {"references":["Duges, A. (1834) Recherches sur l'ordre des Acariens en generale et la famille des Trombidies en particulier. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 2, 5 - 46.","Thor, S. (1931 a) Bdellidae, Nicoletiellidae, Cryptognathidae. Das Tierreich, 56, 87 pp."]}

Hexabdella van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann Hexabdella van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2004: 14. Bdella; Baker & Balock, 1944 (part.). Type-species: Hexabdella denheyeri van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2004 by original designation. 55. Hexabdella brevitarsis Hernandes, 2013: 62; Covey Hill, Quebec, Canada. Bdella brevitarsis Banks (in Tothill 1919: 195���196) (nomen nudum). Type deposition. MCZ. 56. Hexabdella cinquaginta Hernandes, Daud & Feres, 2007: 60; Itiquira, Mato Grosso, Brazil, ex Hevea brasiliensis M.Arg. (Euphorbiaceae). Other record: S��o Paulo, Brazil (Demite & Feres 2008). Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. DZSJRP. 57. Hexabdella denheyeri van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2004: 15; Angola, ex Eugenia brasiliensis Lam. (Myrtaceae). Type deposition. NCA. 58. Hexabdella maraugia van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2004: 17; Kleinmond, Western Cape Province, South Africa, ex soil under dune vegetation. Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. NCA. 59. Hexabdella mexicana (Baker & Balock, 1944): 181; Valle del Bravo, Mexico, ex moss.���van Der Schyff et al., 2004: 13. Original designation: Bdella mexicana Baker & Balock. a. Bdella willisi Baker & Balock, 1944: 182; Drummond, 1957: 142; synonymy according to Atyeo (1960a: 383). Distribution. Mexico (Valle del Bravo, M��xico; Laguna de Zempoala, Morelos; San Luis Potos��, Veracruz), United States (Texas, Kansas, Illinois, Maryland, New York, Connecticut) (Atyeo 1960a) (Wisconsin) (Oatman 1963), Ukraine (Kuznetsov & Livshits 1979a), United States (Lehman 1982), Hawaii (Swift & Goff 1987). Redescriptions. Atyeo (1960a), Swift & Goff (1987), van Der Schyff et al. (2004). Remarks. Atyeo (1960a) set Bdella willisi as a synonym of this species, but mentions that individuals collected from the United States have hysterosomal setae pilose, whereas those of the Mexican specimens are nude. Type deposition. USNM. 60. Hexabdella miranda van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2004: 20; Limpopo Province, South Africa, ex Euphorbia ingens E.Mey (Euphorbiaceae). Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. NCA. 61. Hexabdella persiaensis Paktinat-Saeej & Bagheri, 2014: 3; Mazandaran province, Iran, from soil and rotten leaves under Corylus avellana (Betulaceae). Remarks. Male and immatures unknown. Type deposition. Acarological Collection, Department of Plant Protection, University of Maragheh, Iran, and ASI. 62. Hexabdella quercusi Eghbalian, Khanjani, Safaralizadeh & Ueckermann, 2016: 292; ex litter under oak trees, Western Iran. Type deposition. Holotype and paratypes at University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran; paratype female at NCA. 63. Hexabdella singula van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2004: 14; Cape Town, South Africa, ex Cassine peragua L. (Celastraceae). Remarks. Male and immatures unknown. Type deposition. NCA. 64. Hexabdella unusoculata van Der Schyff, Theron & Ueckermann, 2004: 24; KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, ex soil. Remarks. Male unknown. Type deposition. NCA., Published as part of Hernandes, Fabio A., Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, Ray, Dowling, Ashley P. G., Ochoa, Ronald, Ueckermann, Edward A. & Bauchan, Gary R., 2016, Catalogue of snout mites (Acariformes: Bdellidae) of the world, pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 4152 (1) on pages 18-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4152.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/261900, {"references":["van Der Schyff, J., Theron, P. D. & Ueckermann, E. A. (2004) Hexabdella, a new mite genus of Bdellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) from southern Africa, with descriptions of five new species. African Plant Protection, 10 (1), 13 - 25.","Baker, E. W. & Balock, J. W. (1944) Mites of the family Bdellidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 46 (7), 176 - 184.","Hernandes, F. A. (2013) Revision of Nathan Banks' type specimens of Bdellidae Duges (Acari: Trombidiformes) of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge. International Journal of Acarology, 39 (1), 1 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01647954.2012.739642","Tothill, J. D. (1919) Some notes on the natural control of the oyster-shell scale (Lepidosaphes ulmi, L.). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 9 (3), 183 - 196. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300037949","Hernandes, F. A., Daud, R. D. & Feres, R. J. F. (2007) A new species of Hexabdella (Acari: Bdellidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa, 1501, 57 - 63.","Demite, P. R. & Feres, R. J. F. (2008) Influence of cerrado fragments in the distribution of mites in rubber tree crop. Neotropical Entomology, 37 (2), 196 - 204. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 566 X 2008000200015","Drummond, R. O. (1957) Observations on the fluctuations of acarine populations from nests of Peromyscus leucopus. Ecological Monographs, 27 (2), 137 - 152. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 1948573","Atyeo, W. T. (1960 a) A revision of the family Bdellidae in North and Central America (Acarina: Prostigmata). University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 40, 345 - 499.","Oatman, E. R. (1963) Mite species on apple foliage in Wisconsin. In: Advances in Acarology, Naegele, J. A. (Ed.), vol. 1, Comstock Pub. Assoc., 21 - 24.","Kuznetsov, N. N. & Livshits, I. Z. (1979 a) Predatory mites of the Nikita Botanical Garden (Acariformes: Bdellidae, Cunaxidae, Camerobiidae). Proceedings of the State Nikita Botanical Garden, 79, 51 - 104.","Lehman, R. D. (1982) Mites (Acari) of Pennsylvania conifers. Transactions of the America Entomological Society, 180, 181 - 286.","Swift, S. F. & Goff, M. L. (1987) The family Bdellidae (Acari: Prostigmata) in the Hawaiian Islands. International Journal of Acarology, 13 (1), 29 - 49. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01647958708683478","Paktinat-Saeej, S., Bagheri, M., Saboori, A. & Ueckermann, E. A. (2014) Hexabdella persiaensis sp. nov. (Acari: Prostigmata: Bdellidae) as a first new species of the genus Hexabdella from Asia. International Journal of Acarology, 40, 1 - 6. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01647954.2014.928366","Eghbalian, A. H., Khanjani, M., Safaralizadeh, M. H. & Ueckermann, E. A. (2016) New species of Hexabdella and Neomolgus (Acari: Prostigmata: Bdellidae) from Iran. Zootaxa, 4072 (2), 291 - 300. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4072.2.10"]}

Hamilton, Fredericka B., Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, Danielle M., Dowling, Ashley P. G. (2016): Notes onPterostichus punctiventris(Chaudoir) (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Arkansas, with a New State Record. The Coleopterists Bulletin 70 (2): 309-313, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-70.2.309, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-70.2.309

Pseudocheylus americanus (Ewing, 1909) (Figs. 1���9) Cheyletiella americana Ewing 1909: 429, fig. 15. Pseudocheylus americanus (Ewing) Baker & Wharton 1952: 226; Baker 1958: 136; Baker & Atyeo 1964: 259, figs. 6���8; Van Dis & Ueckermann 1991: 105. Diagnosis. Pseudocheylus americanus can be differentiated from P. biscutatus (Berlese, 1888), the only other Pseudocheylus, by the lack of tarsal claws on leg I. Imago description. Females and males similar, except for genital and chaetotaxic differences noted below. In life, integument clear to slightly opaque white, with red internal coloration in body that extends into basal leg segments (fig. 1). Most setae slightly to densely barbulate (for example, see fig. 9), though they have been illustrated as smooth to retain clarity in figures. Female (n= 5). 720���1080 (914) long, 420���770 (574) wide. Gnathosoma. Subcapitulum less than half the length of the idiosoma, 248���303 (265). Two pairs of adoral setae and two pairs of subcapitular setae present. Palp 213���288 (246) long, 88���110 (97) wide. Setal count: trochanter���0; femur��� 14; genua��� 2; tibiae���3, 2 spine-like setae, 1 claw-like setae; tarsus��� 7. Chelicera 240��� 250 (244) long, 70���88 (77) wide, tapering anteriorly. Two setae present, one at apex and one on anterior half. Dorsum (fig. 2). Two pairs of eyes present; anterior pair with lenses, posterior pair without lenses or other external marks (see remarks). Proterosomal shield present, unsclerotized; differentiated by weaker, self enclosing striations. One pair of setose trichobothria, 65���78 (73) long, and 15���16 pairs of setae present. Hysterosoma with approximately 50 pairs of setae; setal rows difficult to differentiate. Two anal setae present dorsally. Integument striated. Venter. Coxal plates I and II closely approximated; coxal plates III and IV also closely approximated, fused toward midline. Coxae I���IV setal formula 3 - 3 - 3 - 2. Three genital setae present (Figs. 7 f, 8). 65���70 pairs of setae present, including 4 pairs of apparently pseudanal setae. Legs. Leg I longer than body, legs II���IV shorter than body. Leg I 950���1110 (1028), leg II 300���600 (494), leg III 530���690 (616), leg IV 610���790 (730). Setal formula: trochanters I���IV, 2 - 1-2 - 1; basifemora I���IV, 23 - 17 - 12 - 8 to 11; telofemora I���IV, 6 - 3-4 - 3; genua I���IV, 17 - 8 - 7 to 9 - 7 to 8; tibiae I���IV, 15 to 17 - 10-14 - 15 to 16; tarsi I���IV, 30 (1)- 17 (1)- 35 to 38 - 44 to 46. Male (n= 3). Same as female, except as follows. 780���950 (870) long, 410���590 (517) wide. Gnathosoma. Subcapitulum 225. Palp 200���213 (208) long, 83���98 (88) wide. Chelicera 200���213 (206) long, 65���70 (67) wide. Venter. Eight genital and 7���10 paragenital setae present. Large, internal genital structure (Fig. 7 e) visible through integument. Legs. Leg I 890���1050 (953), leg II 400���450 (423), leg III 500���590 (550), leg IV 580���680 (637). Setal formula: basifemora I���IV, 27 - 17 to 18 - 12 - 9 to 10; telofemora I���IV, 6 to 7 - 3-4 - 4; genua I���IV, 17 - 9 - 8-9 to 10; tibia I���IV, 17 - 10-13 to 14 - 14; tarsi I���IV, 32 (1)- 17 (1)- 46 to 48 - 44 to 48. Immatures description. Immature Pseudocheylus americanus superficially resemble adults. They can be differentiated by the number of legs (larvae have six legs), generally smaller size, genital development, and chaetotaxy. Most setae are slightly to densely barbulate. Tritonymph (n= 2). 650���780 (715) long, 450���550 (500) wide. Gnathosoma. Subcapitulum less than half the length of the idiosoma, 163���175 (169). Two pairs of adoral setae and two pairs of subcapitular setae present. Palp 163���200 (181 long, 70���75 (73) wide. Setal count: trochanter���0; femur��� 11; genua��� 2; tibiae���3, 2 spine-like setae, 1 claw-like setae; tarsus��� 7. Chelicera 163��� 178 (170) long, 58���63 (60) wide, tapering anteriorly. Two setae present, one at apex and one on anterior half. Dorsum (fig. 3). Proterosomal shield present, unsclerotized; differentiated by weaker, self enclosing striations. One pair of setose trichobothria, 55���68 (61) long, and 7���9 pairs of setae present. Hysterosoma with 26���29 pairs of setae. Two anal setae present dorsally. Integument striated. Venter. Coxal plates I and II closely approximated; coxal plates III and IV also closely approximated, fused toward midline. Coxae I���IV setal formula 3 - 3 - 3 - 1. Three genital setae present (fig. 7 d). 32���36 pairs of setae present, including 2 pairs of apparently pseudanal setae. Legs. Leg I longer than body, legs II���IV shorter than body. Leg I 640���680 (660), leg II 330���350 (340), leg III 450���540 (495), leg IV 450���500 (475). Setal formula: trochanters I���IV, 1 - 1-2 - 1; basifemora I���IV, 21 - 13 - 9 - 6; telofemora I���IV, 6 - 3 - 3 - 3; genua I���IV, 12 - 6 - 6 - 3; tibiae I���IV, 12 - 5-10 - 10; tarsi I���IV, 25 to 27 (1)- 13 (1)- 25 - 24 to 25. Deutonymph (n= 4) 470���630 (558) long, 290���400 (336) wide. Gnathosoma. Subcapitulum less than �� the length of the idiosoma, 100���155 (131). Two pairs of adoral setae and two pairs of subcapitular setae present. Palp 125���163 (148) long, 55���68 (62) wide. Setal count: trochanter��� 0; femur��� 5; genua��� 2; tibiae���3, 2 spine-like setae, 1 claw-like setae; tarsus��� 7. Chelicera 128���145 (138) long, 45���63 (54) wide, tapering anteriorly. Two setae present, one at apex and one on anterior half. Dorsum. (fig. 4). Proterosomal shield present, unsclerotized; differentiated by weaker, self enclosing striations. One pair of setose trichobothria, 53���68 (62) long, and 6 pairs of setae present. Hysterosoma with 18 pairs of setae. Two anal setae present dorsally. Integument striated. Venter. Coxal plates I and II closely approximated; coxal plates III and IV also closely approximated, fused toward midline. Coxae I���IV setal formula 3 - 3 - 3 -0. Genital setae absent (fig. 7 c). Fourteen pairs of setae present, including 2 pairs of apparently pseudanal setae. Legs. Leg I longer than body, legs I���IV shorter than body. Leg I 490���620 (534), leg II 248���413 (324), leg III 310���430 (384), leg IV 360���430 (402). Setal formula: trochanters I���IV, 1 - 1-2 - 1; basifemora I���IV, 10 - 6 - 5 - 1; telofemora I���IV, 6 - 3 to 4 - 3 - 3; genua I���IV, 8 - 4 - 4 - 4; tibiae I���IV, 6 - 5 - 5 - 5; tarsi I���IV, 22 (1)- 9 (1)- 14 - 12. Protonymph (n= 1) 510 long, 313 wide. Gnathosoma. Subcapitulum less than �� the length of the idiosoma, 128. Two pairs of adoral setae and two pairs of subcapitular setae present. Palp 123 long, 50 wide. Setal count: trochanter���0; femur��� 2; genua��� 1; tibiae���3, 2 spine-like setae, 1 claw-like setae; tarsus��� 7. Chelicera 113 long, 50 wide, tapering anteriorly. Two setae present, one at apex and one on anterior half. Dorsum (fig. 5). Proterosomal shield present, unsclerotized; differentiated by weaker, self enclosing striations. One pair of setose trichobothria, 58 long, and 4 pairs of setae present. Hysterosoma with 9 pairs of setae. Two anal setae present dorsally. Integument striated. Venter. Coxal plates I and II closely approximated; coxal plates III and IV also closely approximated, fused toward midline. Coxae I���IV setal formula 3 - 3 - 1 -0. Genital setae absent (fig. 7 b). Twelve pairs of setae present, including 1 pair of apparently pseudanal setae. Legs. Leg I longer than body, legs II���IV shorter than body; femora IV completely fused. Leg I 400, leg II 233, leg III 350, leg IV 333. Setal formula: trochanters I���IV, 1 - 1-2 -0; basifemora I���III, 3 to 4 - 5 -0; telofemora I���III, 4 - 4 - 3; femora IV, 0; genua I���IV, 5 - 4 - 4 - 1; tibiae I���IV, 5 - 5 - 5 - 1; tarsi I���IV, 21 (1)- 9 (1)- 13 - 8. Larva (n= 1) 390 long, 250 wide. Gnathosoma. Subcapitulum less than 1 / 3 the length of the idiosoma, 110. Two pairs of adoral setae and two pairs of subcapitular setae present. Palp 100 long, 48 wide. Setal count: trochanter���0; femur��� 2; genua��� 1; tibiae���3, 2 spine-like setae, 1 claw-like setae; tarsus��� 6. Chelicera 95 long, 40 wide, tapering anteriorly. Two setae present, one at apex and one on anterior half. Dorsum (fig. 6). Proterosomal shield present, unsclerotized; differentiated by weaker, self enclosing striations. One pair of setose trichobothria, 53 long, and 3 pairs of setae present. Hysterosoma with 6 pairs of setae. Two anal setae present dorsally. Integument striated. Venter. Coxal plates I and II closely approximated. Coxae I���III setal formula 2 - 1 - 1. Genital setae absent (fig. 7 a). Two pairs of setae present. Legs. Leg I longer than body, legs II and III shorter than body. Femora I���III completely fused. Leg I 310, leg II 178, leg III 220,. Setal formula: trochanters I���III, 1 - 0-1; femora I-III, 5 - 4 - 3; genua I���III, 4 - 4 - 4; tibiae I���II, 5 - 5 - 5; tarsi I���III, 11 (1)- 9 (1)- 9. Remarks. Ewing (1909) provided a small illustration of the dorsal habitus of the adult female which, while useful for gestalt, lacks the detail to be used diagnostically. He stated that the species has ���on each side of the base of the mandibles and not far from the same is a prominent, curved horn about as long as the width of the mandibles��� and the ���mandibles each [have] three bristles; a long, straight bristle at about one-third the distance from the anterior end, a similar bristle at about the middle of the mandibles, and a much shorter one situated just about the piercing organ���. Baker (1958) presented detailed drawings of the dorsal habitus, tibiae I and tarsi I, the tip of tarsi I, and the dorsal gnathosoma of a mite only identified as ��� Pseudocheylidae ���. These illustrations were reproduced by Baker and Atyeo (1964), who reported them to be drawings of Pseudocheylus americanus. In these drawings the peritremes are depicted as terminating on the gnathosoma and not looping back towards the body. The horns described by Ewing are lacking. Baker and Atyeo also depicted two setae on the chelicerae instead of the three described by Ewing. Vin Dis and Ueckermann (1991) wrote that Baker and Atyeo (1964) reported the shape of the peritreme can be used to differentiate P. americanus and P. biscalatus, the only other described species. The authors could not find such a direct statement, however Baker and Atyeo (1964) state that ���Berlese (1888) [referring to P. biscalatus] defined the genus, in part, as having peritremes appearing as little horns���The genus must be redefined to include species with distally free peritremes.��� This suggests they considered P. americanus to have distally free peritremes. To resolve these issues the authors wished to view the type material. Ewing did not say where he deposited the two slides of P. americanus he examined, however Baker and Atyeo (1964) reported them to be in the United States National Museum collection. A search was made by Debra Creel but the slides were not found. Dr. Barry OConnor was kind enough to examine the slide material Dr. Atyeo donated to the University of Michigan, but the types were not present there either. We suggest the types are probably lost. When the freshly collected specimens reported here were examined under low power, the peritremes, which form a loop that is free of the body, look like the ���horn��� Ewing illustrated and Berlese used to define the genus. We therefore suggest that our specimens are P. americanus and that either the illustrations by Baker (1958) and Baker and Atyeo (1964) depict another genus of Pseudocheylidae or do not accurately depict the peritremes of P. americanus. The chelicerae of the newly collected specimens possess two setae, one distally near the movable digit and one approximately one-third the distance from the tip. There is, however, a pair of setae on the subcapitulum that might appear to be on the chelicerae if the chelicerae are not forced into an unnatural position during mounting. We suggest this is the third seta reported by Ewing that was subsequently not included in the illustration by Baker and Atyeo. Two pairs of eyes are readily apparent in unmounted specimens (see for example fig. 1). The anterior pair is designated by having a lens, while the posterior pair lacks such a lens. When cleared or slide mounted in Hoyer���s medium the posterior pair of eyes are obliterated and no external indication of them on the cuticle is present. Ewing (1909) and subsequent authors do not mention this second pair of eyes, possibly because they only examined slide mounted specimens in which the eyes would not be apparent. The trichobothria in Anystoidea have historically been considered to be homologous to setae sci of other mites (Kethley 1990; Krantz & Walter 2009). In Pseudocheylus americanus the trichobothria of the larvae are posterior to a second pair of internal setae. Two hypotheses might account for this: the trichobothria are setae vi and not homologous to the trichobothria of other Anystoidea or the trichobothria are sci and have migrated anteriorly while vi have migrated posteriorly. The authors have labeled the figures as per historical conventions (e.g., the trichobothria are sci), though this needs further study. The palp tibiae and tarsi have historically been illustrated as being completely fused without any indication of the suture lines (see for example Van Dis & Ueckermann 1991). Upon close examination it is possible to discern the outline of the tarsi and therefore assign setal counts to the individual segments (fig. 9). Stephen and Kinn (1980) collected two unidentified Pseudocheylus specimens near Ashdown, Arkansas on Dendroctonus frontalis (Curculionidae: Scolytinae), upon which they were apparently phoretic. While P. americanus is the only Pseudocheylus known from North America, the authors cannot confirm the identity of the specimens as the slides have apparently been lost. These new specimens therefore represent the first record of Pseudocheylus americanus from Arkansas. Material examined. 5 females, 3 males, 1 tritonymph, 4 deutonymphs, 1 protonymph, 1 larva (APGD 11 - 0712-001) (all slide mounted), under bark of dead tree, USA, Arkansas, Washington Co., Fayetteville, Lake Sequoia, 12 July 2011, coll. A. Lynn-Miller. Caeculidae Caeculus cremnicolus Enns, 1958 Caeculus cremnicolus Enns 1958: 107, figs. 1���6;Dunn 1976: 2, figs. 1, 2; Hagan 1985: 245; McDaniel & Boe 1990: 723. Diagnosis. Caeculus cremnicolus is differentiated from other North American Caeculus by the median dorsal hysterosomal plate possessing more than 3 pairs of setae, the propodosomal plate projecting anteriorly over the gnathosoma, and opisthosomal transverse plates I and II not fused along midline, instead forming two pairs of small oval plates. Remarks. This species has previously only been documented from the type location in Boone Co., Missouri. Dunn (1976) used C. cremnicolus as a model organism in cluster and principal component analyses, but obtained the specimens from Dr. W. R. Enns and did not report the location they were collected. These new specimens increase the range of the species by approximately 400 km and suggest it may be found throughout the Interior Highlands. Material examined. 1 larva (APGD 08-0509-003), ex litter, USA, Arkansas, Buffalo National River, Steel Creek (36 ��01��� 55.2 ���N, 93 �� 20 ���02.4���W), 9 May 2008, coll. A. P. G. Dowling ��� 1 individual (APGD 10 -0730-004), ex semidry mixed cedar and deciduous litter, same locality (36 ��01.924���N, 93 �� 20.040 ���W), 30 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 2 individuals (APGD 10 -0730-006), ex moist litter drifts against hillside in creek bottom, same locality (36 ��02.213���N, 93 �� 20.137 ���W), 30 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 individual (APGD 10 -0314-013), ex litter, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co, Buffalo National River, Boen Gulf (35 �� 52.010 ���N, 93 �� 24.060 ���W), 14 March 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 individual (APGD 10 -0314-017), same habitat and locality (35 �� 52.040 ���N, 93 �� 24.081 ���W), 14 March 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 individual (APGD 10 -0417-001), same habitat and locality (35 �� 51.992 ���N, 93 �� 24.046 ���W), 17 April 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 individual (APGD 10 -0518-017), same habitat and locality (35 �� 52.010 ���N, 93 �� 24.060 ���W), 18 May 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 individual (APGD 10 -0919-003), ex mixed cedar and deciduous litter in deep crevice between rocks, same locality (36 �� 02.381 N, 93 �� 20.394 W), coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 individual (APGD 10 -0919-006), ex mixed cedar and deciduous litter in drifts against logs and rocks, same locality, 19 Sept. 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 2 individuals (APGD 10 -0919-007), same habitat and locality, 19 Sept 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 4 individuals (JRF 12-1029 -002), ex leaf litter, USA, Arkansas, Conway Co., Petit Jean State Park (35 �� 6 ��� 58 ���N, 92 �� 56 ��� 31 ���W), 28 October 2012, coll. J. R. Fisher., Published as part of Skvarla, Michael J., Fisher, J. Ray & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2013, On some mites (Acari: Prostigmata) from the Interior Highlands: descriptions of the male, immature stages, and female reproductive system of Pseudocheylus americanus (Ewing, 1909) and some new state records for Arkansas, pp. 401-419 in Zootaxa 3641 (4) on pages 402-415, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3641.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/220496

Pseudocheylidae

Cunaxidae Bonzia yunkeri Smiley, 1992 Bonzia yunkeri Smiley 1992: 50, fig. 19. Diagnosis. Bonzia yunkeri can be distinguished from the three other described Bonzia by possessing a smooth (instead of setose) trichobothrium on tibiae IV and smooth (instead of spiculate) dorsal setae. Remarks. This species was previously known only from the holotype, which was collected under a log in “ Passalaus beetle habitat” in Virginia, USA (the authors assume Passalaus in this case refers to Odontotaenius disjunctus, the only passalid beetle that occurs in Virginia). These specimens extend the species’ range considerably. Material examined. 2 females (APGD 10 -0424-007), ex. deciduous leaf litter, USA, Arkansas, Washington Co., Devil’s Den State Park (35 ° 46.817 N, 94 ° 14.750 W), 24 April 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 1 female (APGD 10 - 0518-004), ex. deciduous leaf litter, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co., Buffalo National River, Boen Gulf (35 ° 52.073 N, 93 ° 24.099 W), 18 May 2010, coll. J. R. Fisher & M. J. Skvarla. Parabonzia bdelliformis (Atyeo, 1958) Bonzia bdelliformis Atyeo 1958: 173, fig. 1–3; Den Heyer 1975: 665; Sepsagosarian 1984: 140. Cunabdella bdelliformis (Atyeo), Den Heyer 1975: 665; Kuznetzov and Livshitz 1979: 1233; Sepsagosarian 1984: 140. Parabonzia bdelliformis (Atyeo) Smiley 1975: 228, fig. 3; Den Heyer 1977 b: 601; Kuznetzov and Livshitz 1979: 1233; Sepsagosarian 1984: 140; Smiley 1992: 68, fig. 30; Lin & Zhang 1998: 29. Diagnosis. Parabonzia bdelliformis may be distinguished from other Parabonzia by possessing the following characteristics: 6 or 7 genital setae, 4 setae (c 1 – e 1, c 2) on the hysterosomal shield, and basifemora I–II with 5–8 setae. Remarks. This species is widespread, having been reported from South Africa, Russia, and Ohio, Tennessee, Georgia, Oklahoma, and Texas in the United States. These are the first records of the species from Arkansas. Most specimens examined were collected from material in tree holes and, when present in such environments, were extremely abundant (i.e., hundreds of specimens collected per tree hole). Material examined. 7 females (APGD 10 -0919-001), ex wet organic material in hole at base of tree, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co, Buffalo National River, Steel Creek (36 ° 02.016 N, 93 ° 20.137 W), 19 Sept. 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 7 females (APGD 10-1008 -004), ex tree hole at base of tree, same locality (36 ° 02.259 N, 93 ° 20.880 W), 8 Oct. 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 2 females (APGD 11-1004 -004), ex oak and hickory litter on talus slope, USA, Arkansas, Washington Co., Devil’s Den State Park (35 ° 46.817 N, 94 ° 14.750 W), 4 Oct. 2011, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 1 female (APGD 11-1004 -002) ex wet tree hole detritus & dry material in rotten log, same locality (35 ° 46.875 N, 94 ° 14.743 W), 4 Oct. 2011, coll. M. J. Skvarla Pseudobonzia reticulata (Heryford, 1965) Cunaxa reticulata Heryford 1965: 310, fig. 1–3; Corpuz-Raros & Garcia 1996: 15; Den Heyer & Castro 2008: 42. Pseudobonzia reticulata (Heryford) Smiley 1975: 242, fig. 15; Den Heyer 1977 c: 193; 1980: 121; Sepsagosarian 1984: 143; Smiley 1992: 112, fig. 54; Corpuz-Raros & Garcia 1996: 16; Fuangarworn & Lekprayoon 2004: 45; Den Heyer & Castro 2008: 42. Diagnosis. Pseudobonzia reticulata can be distinguished from other Pseudobonzia by the following characteristics: palp basi- and telofemoral setae simple (not spine-like), setae f 2 present, and the proximal leg podomeres (excluding coxae) lack reticulations. Remarks. After examining two paratypes and the newly collected specimens, a discrepancy between the original description and the specimens was found. Heryford (1965) did not report setae f 2 being present, either in the description or illustration. However, we found it to be present in all six specimens and suggest it is always present. This species was apparently known only from the type series, which was collected from “humus litter from an abandoned ground silo” in Johnson Co., Kansas. These specimens expand the range of this species by approximately 725 km across the Ozark Highlands. Material examined. 1 female (APGD 10 -0726-005), ex litter among grass along ridge top, USA, Arkansas, Washington Co., Ozark National Forest, Weddington (36 ° 06.312 N, 93 ° 23.390 W), 26 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 1 female (APGD 10 -0915-001), ex grass mixed deciduous litter in grass, same locality, (36 ° 06.322 N, 93 ° 23.390 W), 15 September 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 2 females (APGD 11-1007 -007), ex moist pine litter & humus under log and at base of tree, same locality (36 ° 07.534 N, 94 ° 23.916 W), 7 October 2011, coll. M. J. Skvarla. Dasythyreidae Dasythyreus hirsutus Atyeo, 1961 Dasythyreus hirsutus Atyeo 1961: 11, figs. 1–4; Walter & Gerson 1998: 189. Diagnosis. Dasythyreus hirsutus can be differentiated from Xanthodasythyreus toohey, the only other described dasythyreid, by locality (D. hirsutus is known only from North America while X. toohey is known only from Australia), having pretarsi that are longer than the tarsi, and lack of anastomosing peritremes. Remarks. Three of the specimens examined were all collected in malaise traps and one was extracted from bark using Berlese funnels. This is not surprising as Dasythyreus hirsutus appears to inhabit the bark of trees. Walter and Gerson (1998) suggested Dasythyreus forage on tree bark, citing that Atyeo (1961) collected D. hirsutus under the bark of a tree and Dr. Evert Lindquist collected an undescribed species from eyed-click beetles (Alaus myops (F.)), which are predatory under the bark of pine trees. These new records expand the range of Dasythyreus hirsutus by approximately 150 km south and 150 km northeast of the original collection site. This suggests that the species is found throughout the Interior Highlands. Material examined. 1 adult (APGD 10 -0608-001), ex malaise trap in grass in open glade, USA, Missouri, Taney Co., Mark Twain National Forest, Hercules Glades (36 ° 41.183 N, 98 ° 58.25 W), 8 June 2010, coll. J. R. Fisher and M. J. Skvarla ● 3 adults (APGD 10 -0609-006), ex malaise trap in grass in opening of oak/hickory forest, same locality (36 ° 41.01 N, 94 ° 53.36 W), 9 June 2010, coll. J. R. Fisher and M. J. Skvarla ● 1 adult (APGD 12 - 0706-004), ex bark & wood of standing dead oak, USA, Arkansas, Polk Co., Ouachita National Forest, Black Fork Mountain Wilderness, Black Fork Trail (34 ° 41.277 ’ N, 94 ° 18.856 ’ W). Acknowledgements We thank Ace Lynn-Miller for collecting the Pseudocheylus americanus specimens and Debra Creel and Dr. Barry OConnor for searching through slide collections in attempts to locate the P. americanus type material. Works cited Allen R.T. (1990) Insect endemism in the Interior Highlands of North America. Florida Entomologist, 73 (4), 539–569. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.2307 / 3495270 Atyeo, W.T. (1958) The genus Bonzia in the New World. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 31 (2), 173–174. Atyeo, W.T. (1961) The taxonomic position of the genus Neophyllobius Berlese, 1886 (Acarina, Caligonellidae) with the description of a new genus and species. Acarologia, 3, 153 – 158. Baker, E.W. (1958) Guide to the Families of Mites. Institute of Acarology, Department of Zoology, University of Maryland. 242 pp. Baker, E.W. & Atyeo, W.T. (1964) A review of the mites of the family Pseudocheylidae Oudemans, 1909 (Acarina, Prostigmata). 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Genera Pseudobonzia Smiley and Scutascirus Den Heyer. The Philippine Entomologist, 10 (1), 15–28. Crossley, D.A. & Merchant, V. (1971) Feeding by caeculid mites on fungus demonstrated with radioactive tracers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 64 (4), 760–762. Den Heyer, J (1975) A new genus Cunabdella (Prostigmata: Acari) with a description of a new species from the Ethiopian Region. Acarologia, 16 (4), 664–670. Den Heyer, J. (1977 a) A new genus Neoscirula (Cunaxidae: Prostigmata: Acari) from the Ethiopian Region. Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, 40 (1), 73–86. Den Heyer, J. (1977 b) Bonzinae, a new subfamily of the Cunaxidae (Prostigmata: Acari). Acarologia, 19 (4), 601–618. Den Heyer, J. (1977 c) Six new species of Pseudobonzia Smiley, 1975 (Prostigmata: Acari) from the Ethiopian Region. Journal of the Entomological Society of South Australia, 40 (2), 171–194. Den Heyer, J. (1979) Coleoscirinae, a new cunaxid subfamily and two new South African species of Coleoscirus Berlese, 1916. (Prostigmata: Acari). Acarologia, 20 (4), 522–541. Den Heyer, J. (1980) Six new species of the subfamily Coloscirinae (Cunaxidae: Actinedida: Acarida). Phytophylactica, 12, 129 – 146. Den Heyer, J. & Castro, T.M.M.G. (2008) A new cunaxid genus with descriptions of two new species from Brazil (Acari: Prostigmata: Bdelloidea: Cunaxidae). Zootaxa, 1731, 42– 50. Dunn, V.E. (1976) Cluster and principal component analyses applied to a study of intraspecific morphological variation in a population of Caeculus cremnicolus Enns (Acari, Caeculidae). MS Dissertation, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, 65 pp. Enns, W.R. (1958) A new species of rake legged mite from Missouri. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 31 (2), 107–113. Ewing, H.E. (1909) A systematic and biological study of the Acarina of Illinois. University of Illinois Bulletin, 7 (14), 77–78. 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Key to adult female Armascirus The following key, based on one presented by Kaluz (2009), has been modified and illustrated. The following species, in addition to those newly described in this work, have been included: Armascirus javanus, A. garciai, A. makilingensis and A. apoensis. In addition, A. bakeri (Smiley, 1992), which possesses a palpal basifemoral simple seta and has a leg I���IV telofemoral chaetotaxy of 4 - 4 - 4 - 4 sts, is moved from Dactyloscirus to Armascirus based on the generic diagnosis given in this work and by Den Heyer and Castro (2008). Armascirus ebrius possesses a holodorsal shield complemented with c 1 ���f 1, c 2. This condition is reported in the few male Armascirines that have been described (see for example Corpuz-Raros 1995; Den Heyer 1978) but never in females. The authors are of the opinion that A. ebrius may be a male mistakenly described as a female. Not having seen the type specimen we can neither confirm nor deny this and so have included in in the following key. 1 Hysterosomal median shield present (Figs. 17 a���i, 18 a���d)..................................................... 2 - Hysterosomal median shield absent (Fig. 19 a���c)............................................................ 28 2 Median shield small or large, complemented with setae (Fig. 17 a���i).............................................. 3 - Median shield small, not complemented with setae, (Fig. 18 a���d)............................................... 22 3 One pair of setae (d 1) on hysterosomal median shield (Fig. 17 a���f)............................................... 4 - Two or more pairs of setae on hysterosomal median shield (Fig. 17 g���i)......................................... 18 4 Lateral hysterosomal platelets present (Fig. 17 a���d)........................................................... 5 - Lateral hysterosomal platelets absent (Fig. 17 e, f).......................................................... 15 5 Setae c 1 very short, the distance between the bases of c 1 ���c 1 20 times the length of c 1; venter caudally from coxae II with 5 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae).............................................. A. rafalskii - Setae c 1 longer, the distance between the bases of c 1 ���c 1 less than 10 times the length of c 1; venter caudally from coxae II with 6 or more pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae)........................................... 6 6 The distance between caudal parts of hysterosomal lateral platelets wider than the distance between their frontal parts (Fig. 17 a, b)............................................................................................. 7 - The distance between caudal parts of hysterosomal lateral platelets shorter than the distance between their frontal parts (Figs. 11 a, 17 c,d)......................................................................................... 9 7 Lateral hysterosomal platelets equal to or longer than hysterosomal median shield (Fig. 17 a); venter caudally from coxae II with 6 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae).................................... A. jasmina - Lateral hysterosomal platelets shorter than hysterosomal median shield (Fig. 17 b); venter caudally from coxae II with 7 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae)...................................................... 8 8 Palpal genua with 3 spls, 1 sts..................................................................... A. akhtari - Palpal genua with 3 spls..................................................................... A. satianaensis 9 Venter caudally from coxae II with 7���8 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital,coxal, and anal setae)................. 10 - Venter caudally from coxae II with 6 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae).................. 11 10 Apophyses adjoining palpal genua longer than genu; median shield pointed caudally (Fig. 17 c); venter caudally from coxae II with 7 pairs of setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae); tarsal sts chaetotaxy I���IV 18 - 15 - 13 - 12........... A. asghari - Apophyses adjoining palpal genua shorter than genu; median shield truncated caudally (Fig. 17 d); venter caudally from coxae II with 8 pairs of setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae); tarsal sts chaetotaxy I���IV 25 - 23 - 23 - 21......... A. albiziae 11 Tarsus I with more than 27 setae; tarsus II with at least 24 setae................................................ 12 - Tarsus I with less than 25 setae; tarsus II with less than 23 setae................................................ 13 12 Genital valve with random dot-like lobes; tarsal sts chaetotaxy I���IV 29 - 25 - 23 - 22............................. A. pluri - Genital valve longitudinal rows of dot-like lobes; tarsal sts chaetotaxy I���IV 29 - 24 - 22 - 21.................... A. mactator 13 Palpal telofemora with 1 apophysis, 2 spls; palpal genua with 1 ap, 2 spls, 2 sts.......................... A. huyssteeni - Palpal telofemora with 1 apophysis, 1 spls; palpal genua with 1 ap, 3 spls, 1 sts.................................. 14 14 Genua II with 1 asl, 5 sts; genua IV with 2 asl, 5 sts.................................................... A. taurus - Genua II with 2 asl, 5 sts; genua IV with 1 asl, 4 sts........................................ A. primigenius sp. nov. 15 Hysterosomal median shield with a straight or concave frontal margin and with very acute anterior lateral corners (angle less than 45 ��) (Fig. 17 e).................................................................................. 16 - Hysterosomal median shield with convex frontal margin and with rounded anterior lateral corners (Fig. 17 f)........... 17 16 Palpal genua with 1 ap, 2 spls, 1 sts; legs I���IV sts formulae (excluding solenida): basifemora 1-2 - 1 -0; telofemora 4 - 4 - 4 - 4; genua 6-7 - 5-6; h 1 4 times the length of c 1; hysterosomal shield width: length = 2.2: 1........................... A. sabrii - Palpal genua with 1 ap, 3 spls, 1 sts; legs I���IV sts formulae (excluding solenida): basifemora 2 - 2 - 1 - 1; telofemora 4 - 4 - 4 - 3; genua 8 - 6 - 6 - 6; h 1 3 times the length of c 1; hysterosomal shield width: length 1.5: 1......................... A. gorjaensis 17 Apophysis adjoining genu and tibiotarsus shorter than palpal tibiotarsus; palpal atelofemoral apophyses three times longer than spine-like seta; distance between the bases of mps���mps 9 times the length of mps............................. A. bison - Apophysis adjoining genu and tibiotarsus longer than palpal tibiotarusus; palpal telofemoral apophyses three times longer than spine-like seta; distance between the bases of mps���mps 5 times the length of mps.............................. A. fixus 18 Hysterosomal median shield with 2 pairs of setae (c 1, d 1) (Fig. 17 g)............................................ 19 - Hysterosomal median shield with more than 2 pairs of setae (Fig. 17 h, i)....................................... 20 19 Palpal telofemora with 2 ap, 1 spls; palpal genua with 2 spls, 2 sts; venter caudally from coxae II with 6 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae); tarsi I���IV with 21 - 20 - 15 - 13 sts (excluding solenida); the distance between bases of c 1 ���c 1 4 times the distance of h 1 ���h 1; distance between c 1 ���c 1 5 times the length of c 1......................... A. anastosi - Palpal telofemora with 1 ap, 1 spls; palpal genua with 3 spls, 1 sts; venter caudally from coxae II with 5 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae); tarsi I���IV with 19 - 13 - 13 - 13 sts (excluding solenida); the distance between c 1 ���c 1 2 times the distance between h 1 ���h 1; the distance between c 1 ���c 1 4 times the length of c 1....................... A. heryfordi 20 Hysterosomal shield bearing 3 pairs of setae (c 1 , d 1 , e 1) (Fig. 17 h); apophysis adjacent to palpal genua and tibiotarsi absent...................................................................................................... 21 - Hysterosomal shield bearing 5 pairs of setae (c 1 ���f 1, c 2) (Fig. 17 i); apophysis adjacent to palpal genua and tibiotarsi present................................................................................................. A. ebrius 21 5 pairs of genital setae; palp claw bifid (Fig. 20 a); hysterosomal setae not serrate.......................... A. apoensis - 4 pairs of genital setae; palp claw entire, not bifid (Fig. 20 b); hysterosomal setae serrate...................... A. fuscus 22 Lateral hysterosomal platelets present (Fig. 18 a���c).......................................................... 23 - Lateral hysterosomal platelets absent (Fig. 18 d)............................................................ 25 23 Hysterosomal platelets large, as long as median shield (Fig. 18 a); width: length of hysterosomal median shield 1: 1; venter cau- dally from coxae II with 7 pairs of sts (excluding genital and anal setae); genital setae g 1 ���g 4 equal in length....... A. cerris - Hysterosomal platelets large or small (Fig. 18 b,c); width: length of hysterosomal median shield 2: 1; venter caudally from coxae II with 6 pairs of sts (excluding genital and anal setae); genital setae g 3 & g 4 ca 1.3 times longer than g 1 & g 2....... 24 24 Hysterosomal platelets as long as median shield (Figs. 3 a, 18 b)................................ A. ozarkensis sp. nov. - Hysterosomal platelets �� as long as median shield (Figs. 11 a, 18 c)....................................... A. gimplei 25 Apophysis on palp telofemur extends to distal margin of segment; 2 pairs of ventral pregenital setae thickened and spiculate; f 1 1 / 3 length of h 1.......................................................................... A. makilingensis - Apophysis on palp telofemur extends well beyond distal margin of segment; ventral pregenital setae not thickened and spicu- late; f 1 subequal to h 1................................................................................. 26 26 Palpal telofemora with 2 ap, 1 spls; the distance between the bases of c 1 ���c 1 two times the distance of d 1 ���d 1... A. limpopoensis - Palp telofemora with 1 ap, 1 spls; the distances between the bases of c 1 ���c 1 = d 1 ���d 1................................ 27 27 Palp tibiotarsus with 1 spls, 4 sts................................................................ A. harrisoni - Palp tibiotarsus with 1 spls, 3 sts.................................................................. A. bakeri 28 Palpal telofemoral apophyses long, reaching apical apophysis on palpal genu; lateral platelets present................ 29 - Palpal telofemoral apophyses short, not reaching apical apophysis on palpal genu; lateral platelets present or absent...... 30 29 Palpal basifemora with 1 subrectangular apophysis; palp tibiotarsal spls 3 times the length of terminal claw; hysterosomal platelets small, equal in length to c 2 (Fig. 19 a); coxal chaetotaxy I���IV 3 - 2 -3- 3........................... A. lebowensis - Palpal basifemora without subrectangular apophysis; palp tibiotarsal spls equal in length to terminal claw; hysterosomal plate- lets long, 2���3 times the length of c 2 (Fig. 19 b); coxal chaetotaxy I���V 3 - 1 -3- 1............................ A. campbelli 30 Coxal chaetotaxy I���IV 3 - 2 -3- 3........................................................................ 31 - Coxal chaetotaxy I���IV 3 - 2 -3- 2......................................................................... 33 31 Palpal telofemora with 1 apophysis, 2 spls, 1 sts; the distance between d 1 ���d 1 9 times the length of d 1; palpal genua with 2 spls, 1 sts........................................................................................ A. cyaneus - Palpal telofemora with 1 apophysis, 2 spls; the distance between d 1 ���d 1 4 times the length of d 1; palpal genua chaetotaxy not as above............................................................................................ 32 32 Hysterosomal platelets present (Fig 19 b); palpal genua with 2 spls, 2 sts; basifemora with 5 - 5 - 4 - 2 sts........ A. virginiensis - Hysterosomal platelets absent (Fig. 19 c); palpal genua with 1 spls, 1 sts; basifemora with 6 - 6 - 4 - 2 sts........... A. javanus 33 Palpal telofemoral apophyses as long as width of telofemora; palpal genu with 1 apophysis, 2 spls, 2 sts................................................................................................. A. pennsylvanicus sp. nov. - Palpal telofemoral apophyses only 1 / 3 width of telofemora; palpal genu with 1 apophysis, 3 spls, 1 sts........... A. garciai, Published as part of Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194 on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/201630, {"references":["Kaluz, S. (2009) Two new Palearctic mite species of the family Cunaxidae (Acari: Prostigmata). Zootaxa. 2198, 27 - 40.","Smiley, R. L. (1992) The predatory mite family Cunaxidae (Acari) of the world with a new classification. Indira Publishing House, West Bloomington, Michigan, 356 pp.","Corpuz-Raros, L. A. (1995) Philippine predatory mites of the family Cunaxidae (Acari). 2. Genera Armascirus Den Heyer and Dactyloscirus Berlese. The Philippine Agriculturist, 78 (2), 159 - 173.","Den Heyer, J. (1978) Four new species of Armascirus gen. nov. (Prostigmata: Acari) from the Ethiopian region. Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, 41 (2), 217 - 239."]}

Dactyloscirus pseudophilippinensis Skvarla & Dowling sp. nov. (Figs. 21���23) Diagnosis. Dactyloscirus pseudophilippinensis most closely resembles D. philippinensis in possessing a median shield and lateral platelets and having a single distally pointed apophysis adjoining the palpal genu and tibiotarsus. The apophysis on the palp basifemor is also very short and inconspicuous and blunted distally. Dactyloscirus pseudophilippinensis can be distinguished from D. philippinensis based on the following setal formulae: palp tibiotarsi with 5 sts instead of 4 sts; leg basifemora 5 - 5 - 3 - 2 sts instead of 5 - 5 - 3 - 1 sts. Female. Idiosoma 388���513 (433, n= 4) long, 263���375 (320) wide. Gnathasoma (Fig. 21). Subcapitulum (Fig. 21 a) longer than �� the length of the idiosoma, 260���298 (278). 2 pairs of adoral setae present, the basal pair short and inconspicuous. Four pairs of setae (hg 1���4); hg 2 and hg 4 short, hg 1 2 times and hg 3 6 times as long as hg 2 and hg 4 (15, 7, 40, 8). Palp (Fig. 21 b) 200���300 (269). Chaetotaxy: trochanter, absent; basifemur with 1 spls; telofemur with 1 spls and 1 apophysis which is short and blunt distally; genu with 4 sts and apophysis adjoining genu and tibiotarsus long and blunted distally, apically hyaline; tibiotarsus with 1 spls (small and inconspicuous), 1 dtsl and 3 sts (1 long, basal; 2 short on apical half). The tibiotarsus ends in a claw. Chelicera (Fig. 21 c) 205���225 (216), elongate, slightly curved and reticulate basally. Dorsum (Fig. 22 a). Proterosomal shield present and reticulate. Two setose trichobothria (ap and pt) present on shield; 213���263 (229) and 233 (n= 1), respectively. Two setae (lps and mps) also present on shield; 6���10 (8) and 12���17 (15), respectively. Hysterosomal (median) shield and lateral platelets present, reticulate. Setae c 1, d 1 and e 1 on median shield; 11, 12 and 15, respectively. Setae c 2 , f 1 , h 1 born on minute sclerotized plates barely larger than setal socket; 9, 27 and 29, respectively. Cupule im present and laterad to e 1. Integument striated. Venter (Fig. 22 b). Coxal plates I and II fused but retaining suture, without polygonal pattern. Coxal plates III and IV fused but retaining suture, with reticulate pattern. Coxae I���IV setal formula 3 - 3 - 3-3. 5 pairs of dorsal setae after coxae II (not including genital and anal setae). Genital plates weakly sclerotized and bearing four pairs of setae (g 1���4); g 1,2, 3 arranged longitudinally, g 4 moved laterad of g 3 to distal edge of the plate. Two pairs of papillae visible under genital plates. Three pairs of setae on or adjacent to anal plates: 2 pseudanal setae (ps 1���2) and h 2. Cupule ih present and laterad to ps 2. Legs (Fig. 23 a���d). Legs I���IV shorter than body: 338���385 (364), 290���343 (311), 290���340 (322) and 338���388 (363), respectively. Chaetotaxy: trochanters I���IV, 1 - 1-2 - 1; basifemora I���IV, 5 - 5 - 3 - 2; telofemora I���IV, 5 - 5 - 4 - 4; genua I with 4 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; genua II with 2 asl, 5 sts; genua III with 1 asl, 5 sts; genua IV with 2 asl, 5 sts; tibiae I with 2 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; tibiae II with 1 asl, 5 sts; tibiae III with 1 bsl, 5 sts; tibiae IV with 1 T, 4 sts; tarsi I with 4 asl, 1 fam, 2 tsl, 15 sts; tarsi II with 1 asl, 1 tsl, 13 sts; tarsi III with 1 tsl, 17 sts; tarsi IV with 17 sts. Male and developmental stages. Unknown Etymology. This species is so named because it closely resembles D. philippinensis. Material examined (3 individuals on slides). Female holotype (APGD 10 -0726-006), ex. deciduous litter in grass on top of ridge, USA, Arkansas, Washington Co, Ozark National Forest, Weddington (36 �� 06.322 N, 094�� 23.390 W), 26 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female paratype (APGD 10 -0915-001), same locality, 15 Sept. 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female paratype (APGD 10 -0730-006), ex. moist deciduous litter drifted against slope in creek bottom, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co, Buffalo National River, Steel Creek (36 �� 02.016 N, 093�� 20.137 W), 30 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female paratype (APGD 11 -0124-002), ex litter in creek/ bottomland, USA, Mississippi, Okitibbeha Co, Noxubee National Wildlife Refuge. 6 October 2008, coll. J. G. Hill. Type deposition. Holotype and 2 female paratypes ��� ACUA; 1 female paratype ��� USNM; 1 female paratype ��� OSAL. FIGURE 27. Examples in which the lateral platelets are absent. 27 c��� Redrawn from Gupta (1981), in which setae c 2 appear to be missing., Published as part of Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194 on pages 26-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/201630, {"references":["Gupta, S. K. (1981) Some soil prostigmatid mites (Acarina) from Bihar. In: Veeresh, G. K. (Ed), Progress in Soil Biology and Ecology in India. Raja Power Press, Bangalore, pp. 93 - 99."]}

Key to female Dactyloscirus The following key, based on one presented by Smiley (1992), has been modified and illustrated to reduce ambiguous characters. The following species, in addition to those newly described in this work, have been included for completeness: Dactyloscirus philippinensis, D. trifidus, D. orsi, D. minys, D. dicondylus, D. agricolus, D. rosarioae, D. bifidus, D. illutus, D. smileyi and D. hoffmannae. 1 Palpal tibiotarsi and genua with adjoining apophyses (Fig. 24 a–h).............................................. 2 - Palpal tibiotarsi and genua without adjoining apophyses (Fig. 28 a–d)........................................... 19 2 Dorsal hysterosomal lateral platelets present (Fig. 26 a–d)..................................................... 3 - Dorsal hysterosomal lateral platelets absent (Fig. 27 a–f)..................................................... 11 3 Palp telofemora with one or two apophyses (Fig. 28 a–d)..................................................... 4 - Palp telofemora without an apophysis.............................................................. D. poppi 4 Palpal telofemora with 1 apophysis (Fig. 28 a, b)............................................................ 5 - Palpal telofemora with 2 apophyses: 1 basal, flattened and disc-shaped, 1 apical, short, thick and bulbus (Fig. 28 c).................................................................................................... D. condylus 5 Lateral platelets inconspicuous, length less than 2 times the length of c 1 or c 2; cosmopolitan (Fig. 26 a).......... D. inermis - Lateral platelets large, length greater than 2 times the length of c 1 or c 2 (Fig. 26 b–d)................................ 6 6 Setae f 1 and h 1 equal in length; median shield present (Fig. 26 b, c) or absent (Fig. 26 d).............................. 7 - Setae f 1 shorter than h 1; median shield absent (Fig. 26 d)...................................................... 9 7 Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora as long or longer than length of genu, blunt or pointed distally (Fig. 24 b,c); median shield present (Fig. 26 b, c)....................................................................... 8 - Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora shorter than length of genu, blunt distally (Fig. 24 a); median shield absent (Fig. 26 d)............................................................................. D. dolichosetosus 8 Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora pointed distally (Fig. 24 b); palp tibiotarsi with 4 sts; median shield compli- mented with setae c 1, d 1; e 1 on small platelets (Fig. 26 b); leg basifemora IV with 1 sts.................. D. philippinensis - Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora blunted distally (Fig. 24 c); setae c 1 –e 1 on median shield (Fig. 26 c); palp tibi- otarsi with 5 sts; leg basifemora IV with 2 sts..................................... D. pseudophilippinensis sp. nov 9 Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora inconspicuous: circular, minute and hyaline (Fig. 24 d).... D. hoffmannae - Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora conspicuous: short, blunt apically (Fig. 24 e)...................... 10 10 Genital setae g 3 longest, 1.5–1.7 times the length of g 2 and g 4, more than 2 times the length of g 1............... D. smileyi - Genital setae g 4 longest, 2 times the length of g 1–3.................................................... D. humuli

Armascirus gimplei Smiley, 1992 (Figs. 11���13) Armascirus gimplei Smiley, 1992: 139, fig. 70 A, B; Kal��z 2009: 37. Diagnosis. Armascirus gimplei most closely resembles A. ozarkensis and A. cerris in that it has a small hysterosomal (median) shield that is not complemented with dorsal setae and has lateral platelets. It can be differentiated from A. cerris because it has 6 setae after coxae II (not including coxal, genital and anal setae) instead of 7. It can be differentiated from A. ozarkensis based on the lateral platelets, which are conspicuous and as long as the median shield in A. ozarkensis and inconspicuous and only as long as or slightly longer than c 2 in A. gimplei. Remarks. After examining both the holotype and the newly collected specimen, differences between the original description and the specimens were found. Smiley (1992) states that the lateral hysterosomal platelets of A. gimplei are small and that c 2 is located on the platelets. In reality the platelets are small and inconspicuous, but occur on the integument between d 1 and c 2 much as they do in other Armascirus. The structures previously reported as the lateral platelets are the same tiny platelets that occur at the base of all dorsal setae that are situated in the integument away from larger plates and shields. The integument around the setae laterad of coxae III appears to be more sclerotized than the surrounding cuticle. This area does not bear the reticulated pattern of the coxal or dorsal plates. The structure is not visible in the holotype so we were unable to determine if it is present across the species or an anomaly of the specimen examined. In addition, differences between the new specimen and the published leg setal formulae were found as follows: tibiae I with 2 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; tibiae III with 1 bsl, 5 sts. Unfortunately the holotype is in a poor condition that does not allow these leg segments to be viewed, and therefore these differences cannot be corroborated with the type. Subcapitulum (Fig. 11 a), palp (Fig. 11 b), chelicera (Fig. 11 c), The idiosoma (12 a, b) and legs (Fig. 13 a���d) have been illustrated based on the Ozark specimen to aid in identification. Material examined (2 individuals on slides). Female holotype, ex. Tillandsia sp., Mexico, Vera Cruz. 6 April 1966, coll. J. T. Watt. ��� 1 female (APGD 10 -0730-005), ex. mixed cedar and deciduous litter, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co., Buffalo National River, Steel Creek (36 �� 01.924 N, 093�� 20.040 W), 30 July 2010, by M. J. Skvarla., Published as part of Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194 on pages 16-17, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/201630, {"references":["Smiley, R. L. (1992) The predatory mite family Cunaxidae (Acari) of the world with a new classification. Indira Publishing House, West Bloomington, Michigan, 356 pp.","Kaluz, S. (2009) Two new Palearctic mite species of the family Cunaxidae (Acari: Prostigmata). Zootaxa. 2198, 27 - 40."]}

Dactyloscirus dolichosetosus Den Heyer, 1979 Dactyloscirus dolichosetosus Den Heyer, 1979 b: 96, figs. 71���77; Sepasgosarian 1984: 141; Smiley 1992: 223, figs. 117 A, B. Castro 2008: 91. Dactyloscirus dolichosetosies Den Heyer 1979 b: 96 Diagnosis. Dactyloscirus dolichosetosus resembles D. humuli, D. smileyi and D. condylus in that it possesses long lateral platelets but lacks a median shield. It can be distinguished from D. humuli and D. smileyi by the length of setae f 1 and h 1: f 1 is shorter than h 1 in D. humuli and D. smileyi but equal in length in D. dolichosetosus. Dactyloscirus dolichosetosus possesses one telofemoral apophysis whereas D. condylus possesses a second flattened apophysis basally. Remarks. Until recently this species was reported only from South Africa by Den Heyer (1979). The range expansion presented here, combined with Castro (2008) who reported it from Brazil, suggest it may have a much wider, possibly cosmopolitan, range. Den Heyer (1979) provides an abundance of illustrations and SEM images. Material examined (17 individuals on slides). 2 females, ex litter, USA, Mississippi, Lee Co, Natchez Trace mi 260 (34 �� 08.083 N, 068�� 50.250 W), 16 June 2009, coll. J. G. Hill. APGD 10 -0119-001 ��� 1 female (APGD 10 - 0205-002), ex litter, USA, Mississippi, Lee Co, Natchez Trace mi 260 (34 �� 07.800 N, 068�� 50.300 W), 16 June 2009, coll. J. G. Hill ��� 1 female (Chickasaw ViII B), same data ��� 3 females (APGD 10-1008 -001), ex sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) litter on stable island in creek, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co, Buffalo National River, Steel Creek (36 �� 02.259 N, 093�� 20.880 W), 8 October 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female (APGD 10-1008 -005), ex saturated moss along creek bank, same data ��� 1 female (APGD 10-1010 -001), ex moss along creek bank, same locality, (36 �� 02.016 N, 093�� 20.137 W), 10 October 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 5 females (APGD 10 -0725-003), ex maple (Acer sp.) litter drift against small log in secondary forest, USA, Pennsylvania, Westmoreland Co, Irwin, Paintertown (40 �� 22.183 N, 079�� 41.917 W), 19 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female (APGD 10-1002 -003), same data, 2 October 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female (APGD 10 -0826-003), USA, Pennsylvania, Somerset Co, Laurel Hill State Park, nr. Eberly Scout Reservation (40 �� 00.963 N, 079�� 14.233 W), 26 August 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 tritonymph (APGD 10 -0609-004), pitfall in oak and juniper scrub, Missouri, Taney Co, Mark Twain National Forest, Hercules Glades (36 �� 41.196 N, 092�� 58.263), 0 9 June 2010, coll. J. R. Fisher and M. J. Skvarla., Published as part of Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194 on pages 30-31, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/201630, {"references":["Den Heyer, J. (1979 b) Notes on the cunaxid genus Dactyloscirus (Actinedida: Acarida) with descriptions of two new species from the Ethiopian Region. Phytophylactica, 11 (2), 87 - 98.","Sepasgosarian, H. (1984) The world genera and species of the family Cunaxidae (Actinedida: Acarida). Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Zoologie, 71, 135 - 153.","Smiley, R. L. (1992) The predatory mite family Cunaxidae (Acari) of the world with a new classification. Indira Publishing House, West Bloomington, Michigan, 356 pp."]}

Armascirus pennsylvanicus Skvarla and Dowling sp. nov. (Figs. 5���7) Diagnosis. Armascirus pennsylvanicus most closely resembles A. virginiensis as it lacks a hysterosomal (median) shield and the apical palp telofemoral apophysis does not reach the apical palp genual apophysis. It can be distinguished from A. virginiensis by the chaetotaxy of the palp tibiotarsi (1 spls + 4 sts instead of 1 spls + 3 sts. Female. Idiosoma 500 (n= 1) long, 375 wide. Gnathasoma (Fig. 5). Subcapitulum (Fig. 5 a) nearly �� the length of idiosoma, 265. Two pairs of adoral setae present. Four pairs of setae (hg 1���4); hg 1,2, 4 subequal, hg 3 longer by more than three times (20, 26, 73, 20). Palp (Fig. 5 b) 238. Chaetotaxy: trochanter - 0; basifemur - 1 sts; telofemur - 2 spls, 1 apophysis; genu - 2 spls, 2 sts, 1 apophysis adjoining genu and tibiotarsus; tibiotarsus - 1 spls, 1 dtsl, 3 sts. Tibiotarsus ends in a claw. Chelicera (Fig. 5 c) 238, elongate, base 4 times width of apex. Dorsum (Fig. 6 a). Proterosomal shield present and weakly reticulate. Two setose trichobothria (ap and pt) present on shield; 335 and 488, respectively. Two setae (lps and mps) also present on shield; 11 and 10, respectively. Hysterosomal (median) shield absent, lateral platelets present and reticulate. Setae c 1 ���h 1, c 2 on minute sclerotized plates barely larger than the setal socket; 11, 10, 10, 15, 26 and 35, respectively. Cupule im present, laterad to e 1 . Integument striated. Venter (Fig. 6 b). Coxal plates I and II fused but retaining suture; coxal plates III and IV fused but retaining suture. Coxal plates weakly reticulate. Coxae I���IV setal formula 3 - 1-3 - 2. Genital plates weakly sclerotized with four pairs of setae (g 1 ���g 4); two pairs of papillae visible under genital plates. Three pairs of setae on or adjacent to anal plates: two pseudanal setae (ps 1���2) and h 2. Cupule ih present laterad to ps 2. Legs (Fig. 7 a���d). Legs I and II shorter than body, 475 and 455; legs III and IV longer than body, 528 and 513. Chaetotaxy: trochanters I���IV, 1 - 1-2 - 1; basifemora I���IV, 5 - 5 - 4 - 2; telofemora I���IV, 4 - 4 - 4 - 4; genua I with 4 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; genua II with 2 asl, 5 sts; genua III with 1 asl, 5 sts; genua IV with 2 asl, 5 sts; tibiae I with 1 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; tibiae II with 1 asl, 5 sts; tibiae III with 1 bsl, 5 sts; tibiae IV with 1 T, 4 sts; tarsi I with 4 asl, 1 mst, 2 tsl, 1 fam, 19 sts; tarsi II with 1 bsl, 1 tsl, 19 sts; tarsi III with 1 tsl, 18 sts; tarsi IV- with 17 sts. Male and developmental stages. Unknown. Etymology. This species is named after the state in which it was collected. Material examined (1 individual on a slide). Female holotype (APGD 10 -0826-010), ex. maple and oak litter under mountain laurel along creek edge, USA, Pennsylvania, Somerset Co, Laurel Hill State Park, nr. Ebery Scout Reservation (40 �� 01.182 N, 079�� 14.548 W). 26 August 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla. Type deposition. Holotype���ACUA, Published as part of Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194 on pages 9-10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/201630

Armascirus Den Heyer, 1978 Historical review. The first Armascirus was described by Kramer (1881) as Scirus taurus. Berlese (1888) described S. taurus var. bison. Banks (1894) described S. quadripilus. Thor (1902) transferred S. taurus to Cunaxa. Banks (1914) described C. armata. Womersley (1933) reported C. taurus from Australia. Thor and Willmann (1941) transferred S. taurus var. bison to Cunaxa and raised it to full species status, viz. C. bison and transferred S. quadripilus to Cunaxa; they also redescribed and figured C. armata, C. bison, C. quadripilus, and C. taurus. Baker and Hoffmann (1948) synonymized S. quadripilus and C. armata with C. taurus; they followed Thor and Willmann (1941) in placing C. taurus var. bison in Cunaxa but declined to recognize it as a species and instead kept it as a variety or subspecies of C. taurus. Zaher et al. (1975) collected C. taurus in Egypt. Chaudhri (1977) described Dactyloscirus ebrius and D. fuscus from Pakistan. Den Heyer (1978) split Armascirus from Dactyloscirus and Cunaxa and raised the subfamily Cunaxinae to accommodate them, thus refining the definitions of all three genera; he transferred C. taurus and C. bison to the new; and described A. huyssteeni, A. lebowensis, A. limpopoensis, and A. albiziae. Kuznetzov and Livshitz (1979) redescribed and figured C. taurus and C. bison from Russia, either disagreeing with or being unaware of Den Heyer���s 1978 publication. Tseng (1980) reported A. taurus from Taiwan. Chaudhri (1980) described D. fixus from Pakistan. Den Heyer (1980) erected the tribe Armascirini and made Dactyloscirus and Armascirus the sole representatives. Gupta and Ghosh (1980) erected Indocunaxa, a monotypic genus with I. smileyi as the type species. Liang (1983) reported A. taurus from China. Michocka (1987) described D. rafalskii from Poland. A. mactator and A. pluri were described by Muhammad and Chaudhri (1991). Smiley (1992) described A. gimplei, A. anastosi, A. harrisoni, A. heryfordi, A. virginiensis, D. bakeri, and D. campbelli and transferred A. bison to Dactyloscirus. He also synonymized I. smileyi with A. taurus, though did not include Indocunaxa as a synonymy of Armascirus; this is confusing as Indocunaxa is monobasic and synonymizing the only species with A. taurus functionally synonymized the genus with Armascirus. Corpuz-Raros (1995) described A. garciai and A. makilingensis from the Philippines. Hu (1997) reported A. bison and A. taurus from China. Armascirus satianaensis and A. asghari were described by Bashir and Afzal (2005). Corpuz-Raros and Gru��zo described A. javanus. Corpuz-Raros (2008) described A. bifidus. Bashir, Afzal, and Khan described four species from Pakistan, A. akhtari, A. jasmina, A. sabrii, and A. gojraensis. Den Heyer and Castro (2008 b) reaffirmed the synonymization of Indocunaxa with Armascirus. Kal��z (2009) described A. cyaneus and A. cerris from Central Europe and transferred D. bison, D. campbelli, D. ebrius, D. fixus, D. fuscus, and D. rafalskii to Armascirus. Generic diagnosis. Den Heyer (1978) gives a detailed diagnosis of this genus. The following description highlights those features that are prominent or are regarded as being diagnostic. Palpi five segmented and end in strong claw. They extend beyond the subcapitulum by at least the last segment and are often adorned with an apophysis between the genua and tibiotarsi that tapers to a point; this apophysis shorter in males than in females. Basifemora complemented with a simple seta; telofemora complemented with a spine-like seta. These two segments fused though a dark line remains visible to differentiate them. Subcapitulum complemented with six pairs of setae (hg 1���4 and two pairs of adoral setae). It can be covered by integumental papillae which are either randomly distributed or form a polygonal, reticulated pattern. Female dorsal idiosoma with at least one sclerotized plate that bears two pairs of setose trichobothria (at and pt) and two pairs of simple setae (lps and mps). 0���4 other major plates and platelets may also be present. All plates, if present, covered by integumental papillae that form a reticulated pattern. Integument between plates striated. Seven pairs of setae, c 1���2, d 1, e 1, f 1 and h 1, present. Each seta, when not on a major plate or platelet, surrounded by a minute platelet only slightly larger than the setal socket. Cupule im present, usually laterad or in the proximity of e 1. Dorsal idiosoma of males similar except a single large plate complemented with c 1���2, d 1, e 1 and f 1 present. Female ventral idiosoma complemented by the coxal, genital, and anal plates. Coxal plates reticulated in the same manner as the dorsal plates. Coxae I and II often fused; coxae III and IV often fused. Coxae I���IV setal formula usually: males 3 - 1-3 - 3 or females 3 - 2-3 - 3. Genital plates each bear four setae; two pairs of genital papillae are visible underneath the plates. Anal plates bear one pair of setae (ps 1). Two pairs of setae (ps 2 and h 2) associated with but do not occur on the anal plates. Cupule ih present in close proximity to h 2. Integument between plates striated and bears 5���7 pairs of additional setae. Ventral idiosoma of males similar except the coxal plates are much more extensive. Sclerotized aedeagus is often visible in association with the genital plates. Legs comparatively long, at least �� the length and often longer than the body. Famulus on tarsi I normally shaped, not large and tri-pronged as in Dactyloscirus. Tarsi are constricted apically, resulting in large tarsal lobes., Published as part of Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194 on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/201630, {"references":["Den Heyer, J. (1978) Four new species of Armascirus gen. nov. (Prostigmata: Acari) from the Ethiopian region. Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, 41 (2), 217 - 239.","Kramer, P. (1881) Scirus. Arch. Natura. 81, 17, t. 3, fig. 9.","Berlese, A. (1888) Acari Austro-Americani quos collegit Aloysius Balzan. Bullettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 20, 171 - 222","Banks, N. (1894) New American Acarina. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 21, 209 - 222.","Thor, S. (1902) Zur Systematik der Acarinenfamilien Bdellidae Koch, 1842, Grube 1859, Eupodidae Koch, 1842 und Cunaxidae Sig Thor, 1902. Verhandllungen der kaiserlich-kongiglichen zoologish-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 159 - 165.","Banks, N. (1914) New Acarina. Journal of Entomology and Zoology, 6, 55 - 66","Womersley, H. (1933) On some Acarina from Australia and South Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 57, 108 - 112.","Thor, S. & Willmann, C. (1941) Eupodidae, Penthalodidae, Penthaleidae, Rhagidiidae, Pachygnathidae, Cunaxidae. In: Thor, S. & Willmann, C. (Eds). Das Tierreich, Eine Zusammenstellung und Kennzeichung der rezenten Tierformen, Lieferung 71 a. Walter De Gruyter & Co, Leipzig, pp. 164 - 175.","Baker, E. W. & Hoffmann, A. (1948) Acaros de la familia Cunaxidae. Anales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas Mexico, 5 (3 - 4), 229 - 273.","Zaher, M. A., Soliman, Z. R. & El-Bishlawy, S. M. (1975) Studies on population dynamics of soil predaceous prostigmatid mites in Giza, Egypt. Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie, 79, 440 - 443.","Chaudhri, W. M. (1977) Descriptions of the mites of the Family Cunaxidae (Acarina) from Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 14 (2 - 3), 41 - 52.","Kuznetzov, N. N. & Livshitz, I. Z. (1979) Predatory mites of the Nikita Botanical Gardens (Acariformes: Bdellidae, Cunaxidae Camarobiidae). Trudy Gosudarstvennogo Nikitskogo Botanicheskogo Sada, 79, 51 - 105.","Tseng, Y. H. (1980) Taxonomical study of the mite family Cunaxidae from Taiwan (Acarina: Tromoidiformes). Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum, 33 (3 - 4), 253 - 277.","Chaudhri, W. M. (1980) Studies on the biosystematics and control of mites of field crops, vegetables and fruit plants in Pakistan, second annual report. University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan, 80 pp.","Den Heyer, J. (1980) A new classification system for the family Cunaxidae (Actinedida: Acarida). Publications of the University of the North, Series A 23, 1 - 12.","Gupta, S. K. & Ghosh, S. K. (1980) Some prostigmatid mites (Acarina) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 77, 189 - 213.","Liang, G. W. (1983) Notes on four species of mite (Acarina: Cunaxidae) in China. Natural Enemies of Insects, 5 (3), 104 - 107.","Michocka, S. (1987) Mites (Acari) of the Bdellidae and Cunaxidae families in Poland. Monografie Fauny Polski, 14, 1 - 127.","Muhammad, T. & Chaudhri, W. M (1991) Two new cunaxid mites of the genus Armascirus (Acarina: Cunaxidae) from Pakistan. Pakistan Entomologist, 13 (1 - 2), 50 - 55.","Smiley, R. L. (1992) The predatory mite family Cunaxidae (Acari) of the world with a new classification. Indira Publishing House, West Bloomington, Michigan, 356 pp.","Corpuz-Raros, L. A. (1995) Philippine predatory mites of the family Cunaxidae (Acari). 2. Genera Armascirus Den Heyer and Dactyloscirus Berlese. The Philippine Agriculturist, 78 (2), 159 - 173.","Hu, S. J. (1997) Cunaxid mites recorded in China. Journal of Ninbo Teachers College, 15 (1), 56 - 59.","Bashir, M. H. & Afzal, M. (2005) New cunaxid mites of the genus Armascirus from Punjab-Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 42 (3 - 4), 117 - 121.","Corpuz-Raros, L. A. (2008) Additional species of Cunaxidae and first report of the subfamily Neobonzinae (Cunaxidae, Acari) from the Philippines. Asia Life Sciences, 17 (1), 71 - 89.","Den Heyer, J. & Castro, T. M. M. G. (2008 b) A new Neotropical genus of the family Cunaxidae (Acari: Prostigmata: Bdelloidea). Zootaxa, 1843, 35 - 46.","Kaluz, S. (2009) Two new Palearctic mite species of the family Cunaxidae (Acari: Prostigmata). Zootaxa. 2198, 27 - 40."]}

Dactyloscirus Berlese, 1916 Historical review. Tr��g��rdh (1905) described Scirus inermis. Berlese (1916) erected Dactyloscirus as a subgenus of Scirus to accommodate Scirus (Dactyloscirus) eupaloides. He also described Scirus dorcas but failed to recognize that they were congeneric. Oudemans (1922) described Rosenhofia machairodus. Halbert (1923) redescribed and figured S. inermis from Ireland. Sellnick (1926) transferred S. inermis to Cunaxa. Vitzthum (1931) raised Dactyloscirus to full generic status but later (1940 - 43) treated it as a subgenus. Thor & Willmann (1941) again elevated Dactyloscirus to generic status and designated Dactyloscirus eupaloides as the type specimen; they also transferred C. inermis and S. dorcas to Dactyloscirus. Baker & Hoffmann (1948) regarded Dactyloscirus as a senior synonym of Cunaxa. Smiley (1975) synonymized Rosenhofia with Dactyloscirus. Zaher et al. (1975) reported D. inermis from Egypt (though they called it Cunaxa inermis). Chaudhri (1977) described D. fuscus. Den Heyer (1978 b) split Armascirus from Dactyloscirus and Cunaxa and raised the subfamily Cunaxinae to accommodate them, thus refining the definitions of all three genera. Den Heyer (1979 a) described D. condylus and D. dolichosetosus. Den Heyer (1980) erected the tribe Armascirini and made Dactyloscirus and Armascirus the sole representatives. Gupta and Ghosh (1980) described Cunaxoides nicobarensis. Dactyloscirus pataliputraensis was described by Gupta (1981). Goff (1983) recorded D. inermis from Hawaii. Liang (1986) described D. humuli from China. Michocka (1987) reported D. inermis from Poland. Smiley (1992) transferred Cunaxoides nicobarensis to Dactyloscirus and described D. mansoni, D. johnstoni, and D. poppi. Corpuz-Raros (1995) described D. philippinensis, D. rosarioae, and D. agricolus. Inayatullah and Shahid (1996) described D. illutus, D. minys, and D. orsi. Swift (1996) described D. hoffmannae and D. smileyi from the Hawaiian Islands. Hu (1997) reported D. inermis and D. humuli from China. Corpuz-Raros (2008) described D. apoensis, D. discocondylus, and D. trifidus. Generic diagnosis. Palpi five segmented, extend beyond the subcapitulum by at least the last segment. They end in a strong claw, though the claw may be bifid or trifid. The palps are often adorned with an apophysis between the genua and tibiotarsi. Palp genual apophysis can be long or short and generally ends in a bulbous, hyaline tip; it can however end in a tapering point as in Armascirus. This apophysis can be approximately equal between males and females or can be shorter in males. Basifemora and telofemora are complemented with spine-like setae; these two segments are fused though a line remains visible and they can thus be differentiated. Subcapitulum is complemented with six pairs of setae (hg 1���4 and two pairs of adoral setae). It can be covered by integumental papillae that are either randomly distributed or form a polygonal, reticulated pattern. Female dorsal idiosoma has at least one sclerotized plate that bears two pairs of setose sensillae (ap and pt) and two pairs of simple setae (lps and mps). 0���4 other major plates and platelets may also be present. All plates, if present, are covered by integumental papillae that form a reticulated pattern. The integument between the plates is striated. Seven pairs of setae (c 1���2, d 1 ���h 1) are present. Each seta, when not on a major plate or platelet, is born by a minute platelet that is only slightly larger than the setal socket. Cupule im is present, laterad or in the proximity of e 1. Dorsal idiosoma of males is similar except a single large plate usually complemented with c 1���2, d 1 ���e 1 present (male D. inermis do not have c 2 on the plate). Female ventral idiosoma complemented by coxal, genital and anal plates. Coxal plates reticulated in the same manner as the dorsal plates. Coxae I and II often fused; coxae III and IV often fused. Setal formula for coxae I���IV usually 3 - 3 - 3 - 3. Genital plates each bear four setae; two pairs of genital papillae visible underneath the plates. Anal plates bear one pair of setae (ps 1). Two pairs of setae (ps 2 and h 2) associated with, but do not occur on, the anal plates. Cupule ih present in close proximity to h 2. Integument between plates striated and bears 5���7 pairs of additional setae. Ventral idiosoma of males similar, except coxal plates much more extensive. Sclerotized aedeagus sometimes visible in association with the genital plates. Legs comparatively short, generally not exceeding �� the length of the body. Famulus on tarsi I enlarged and ends in a tri-tipped prong. Tarsi constricted apically, resulting in large tarsal lobes., Published as part of Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194 on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/201630, {"references":["Berlese, A. (1916) Centuria secunda di Acari nuovi. Redia 12 (1), 125 - 177.","Tragardh, I. (1905) Acariden aus Agypten und dem Sudan. Results of the Swedish Zoological Expedition to Egypt and the White Nile, 1901, Part II, 5 - 8.","Oudemans, A. C. (1922) Acarologische Aanteekeningen LXVIII (Acari van Sumatra). Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam, Part 6, 108 - 111.","Vitzthum (1931) Familie 13: Cunaxidae. In: Kukenthal, W. & Krumbach, T. (Eds), Handbuch der Zoologie, band 3. Walter De Gruyter & Co, Leipzig, pp 140 - 146.","Thor, S. & Willmann, C. (1941) Eupodidae, Penthalodidae, Penthaleidae, Rhagidiidae, Pachygnathidae, Cunaxidae. In: Thor, S. & Willmann, C. (Eds). Das Tierreich, Eine Zusammenstellung und Kennzeichung der rezenten Tierformen, Lieferung 71 a. Walter De Gruyter & Co, Leipzig, pp. 164 - 175.","Baker, E. W. & Hoffmann, A. (1948) Acaros de la familia Cunaxidae. Anales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas Mexico, 5 (3 - 4), 229 - 273.","Zaher, M. A., Soliman, Z. R. & El-Bishlawy, S. M. (1975) Studies on population dynamics of soil predaceous prostigmatid mites in Giza, Egypt. Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie, 79, 440 - 443.","Chaudhri, W. M. (1977) Descriptions of the mites of the Family Cunaxidae (Acarina) from Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 14 (2 - 3), 41 - 52.","Den Heyer, J. (1978) Four new species of Armascirus gen. nov. (Prostigmata: Acari) from the Ethiopian region. Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, 41 (2), 217 - 239.","Den Heyer, J. (1979 a) Rubroscirus, a new cunaxid genus (Prostigmata: Acari) with three new species from the Ethiopian Region. Acarologia, 20 (1), 70 - 92.","Den Heyer, J. (1980) A new classification system for the family Cunaxidae (Actinedida: Acarida). Publications of the University of the North, Series A 23, 1 - 12.","Gupta, S. K. & Ghosh, S. K. (1980) Some prostigmatid mites (Acarina) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 77, 189 - 213.","Gupta, S. K. (1981) Some soil prostigmatid mites (Acarina) from Bihar. In: Veeresh, G. K. (Ed), Progress in Soil Biology and Ecology in India. Raja Power Press, Bangalore, pp. 93 - 99.","Goff, M. L. (1983) Notes and exhibitions. Proceedings of the Hawaiin Entomological Society, 24, 172 - 173.","Liang, G. (1986) A new species and a new record of the genus Dactyloscirus from Shanghai, China (Acarina: Cunaxidae). Entomotaxonomia, 8 (1 - 2), 159 - 161.","Michocka, S. (1987) Mites (Acari) of the Bdellidae and Cunaxidae families in Poland. Monografie Fauny Polski, 14, 1 - 127.","Smiley, R. L. (1992) The predatory mite family Cunaxidae (Acari) of the world with a new classification. Indira Publishing House, West Bloomington, Michigan, 356 pp.","Corpuz-Raros, L. A. (1995) Philippine predatory mites of the family Cunaxidae (Acari). 2. Genera Armascirus Den Heyer and Dactyloscirus Berlese. The Philippine Agriculturist, 78 (2), 159 - 173.","Inayatullah, M. S. (1996) Three new predatory mites of the genus Dactyloscirus Berlese (Acarina: Cunaxidae) from Pakistan. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 12 (5), 547 - 557.","Swift, S. F. (1996) Two new species of Dacyloscirus (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) in the Hawaiian Islands. Anales del Instituto de Biologia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Series Zoologia, 67 (2), 225 - 237.","Hu, S. J. (1997) Cunaxid mites recorded in China. Journal of Ninbo Teachers College, 15 (1), 56 - 59.","Corpuz-Raros, L. A. (2008) Additional species of Cunaxidae and first report of the subfamily Neobonzinae (Cunaxidae, Acari) from the Philippines. Asia Life Sciences, 17 (1), 71 - 89."]}

Armascirus ozarkensis Skvarla and Dowling sp. nov. (Figs. 2���4) Diagnosis. Armascirus ozarkensis resembles A. gimpelli and A. cerris by having a small hysterosomal (median) shield that is not complemented with dorsal setae and has lateral platelets. It can be distinguished from A. gimpelli by the lateral platelets being as long as the median shield and from A. cerris by the 6 pairs of ventral setae after coxae II (not including coxal, genital and anal setae). Female. Idiosoma 388���575 (471, n= 6) long, 313���475 (371) wide. Gnathasoma. Subcapitulum (Fig. 2 a) longer than �� the length of the idiosoma, 270���330 (307). Two pairs of adoral setae present. Four pairs of setae (hg 1���4); hg 1,2, 3 longer than hg 4 and increasing in size (27, 37, 75, 14). Palp (Fig. 2 b) 380���473 (410). Chaetotaxy: trochanter, 0; basifemur- 1 sts; telofemur- 1 spls, 1 apophysis; genu- 1 sts, 3 spls, 1 apophysis adjoining genu and tibiotarsus; tibiotarsus- 1 spls, 1 dtsl, 3 sts. The tibiotarsus ends in a claw. Chelicera (Fig. 2 c) 228-295 (267), elongate, base 4 times width of apex. Dorsum (Fig. 3 a). Proterosomal shield present, reticulate. Two setose trichobothria (ap and pt) present on shield; 358���478 (414) and 488���623 (554), respectively. Two setae (lps and mps) also present on shield; 11���15 (12) and 7���15 (11), respectively. Hysterosomal (median) shield present but small, lateral platelets present; all plates reticulate. Setae c 1 ���h 1, c 2 on minute sclerotized plates barely larger than setal socket; 11, 14, 18, 33, 38, and 12 respectively. Cupule im present, laterad to e 1 . Integument striated. Venter (Fig. 3 b). Coxal plates I and II fused but retaining suture; coxal plates III and IV fused but retaining suture. Coxal plates reticulate. Coxae I���IV setal formula 3 - 2-3 - 3. Six pairs of dorsal setae after coxae II (not including coxal, genital and anal setae). Genital plates weakly sclerotized with four pairs of setae (g 1���4) and 2 pairs of papillae. Three pairs of setae on or adjacent to anal plates: Two pseudanal setae (ps 1���2) and h 2. Cupule ih present laterad to ps 2. Legs (Fig. 4 a���d). Legs I, III and IV longer than body, leg II shorter. Leg I 400���563 (494), leg II 373���525 (453), leg III 455���593 (453), leg IV 480���650 (567). Chaetotaxy: trochanters I-IV, 1 - 1-2 - 1; basifemora I-IV, 5 - 5 - 4 - 2; telofemora I-IV, 4 - 4 - 4 - 4; genua I with 1 mst, 4 asl, 4 sts; genua II with 2 asl, 5 sts; genua III with 1 bsl, 5 sts; genua IV with 2 asl, 5 sts; tibiae I with 1 mst, 2 asl, 4 sts; tibiae II with 1 asl, 5 sts; tibiae III with 1 asl, 5 sts; tibiae IV with 1 T, 4 sts; tarsi I with 4 asl, 2 tsl, 1 mst, 1 fam, 21 sts; tarsi II with 1 bsl, 1 tsl, 21 sts; tarsi III with 1 tsl, 21 sts; tarsi IV with 20 sts. Male and developmental stages. Unknown. Etymology. This species is named after the Ozark Highlands, the area in which it was collected. Material examined (6 individuals on slides). Female holotype (APGD 10 -0528-008), ex. wet cedar and oak litter in rock crevice, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co, Buffalo National River, Steel Creek (36 �� 01.924 N, 093�� 20.040 W), 28 May 2010, coll. J. R. Fisher and M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female paratype (APGD 10 -0528-007), same data ��� 1 female paratype (APGD 10 -0730-005), ex. mixed cedar and deciduous litter, same locality, 30 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female paratype (APGD 09-0829-002), same locality, 29 August 2009, coll. J. R. Fisher ��� 1 female paratype (APGD 10 -0730-006), ex. moist mixed deciduous litter drifted against slope in creek bottom, same locality (36 �� 02.016 N, 093�� 20.137 W), 30 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female paratype (APGD 09-0830-006), ex mixed deciduous litter, USA, Arkansas, Washington Co, Devil���s Den State Park (35 �� 46.817 N, 094�� 14.750 W), 30 August 2009, coll. J. R. Fisher. Type deposition. Holotype and 3 female paratypes ��� ACUA; 1 female paratype ��� USNM; 1 female paratype ��� OSAL., Published as part of Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194 on pages 6-9, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/201630

Armascirus harrisoni Smiley, 1992 (Figs. 14���16) Armascirus harrisoni Smiley, 1992: 141, fig. 71 A, B; Kal��z 2009: 37. Diagnosis. Armascirus harrisoni most closely resembles A. bakeri in that they possess a small median shield that is not complemented with dorsal setae and lacks lateral platelets (Fig. 15 a). They can be distinguished from A. bakeri based on the palp tibiotarsal formula, which is 1 spls and 4 sts instead of 1 spls and 3 sts. Armascirus harrisoni may also resemble A. makilingensis, but lacks thickened, spiculate ventral setae (Fig. 15 b), or A. limpopoensis, but has 1 apophysis and 1 spls on the palpal telofemora instead of 2 apophyses and 1 spls (Fig. 14 b). Remarks. After examining the type specimens (two individuals) and newly collected specimens (23 individuals), discrepancies between the original description and the specimens concerning the leg setal formula were found. The following setal formula was observed in the type specimens and specimens collected in the Ozark Highlands: trochanters I���IV, 1 - 1-2 - 1; basifemora I���IV, 5 - 5 - 4 - 2; telofemora I���IV, 4 - 4 - 4 - 4; genua I with 4 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; genua IV with 2 asl, 5 sts; tibiae I with 2 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; tibiae III with 1 bsl, 5 sts; tarsi I with 4 asl, 1 fam, 2 tsl, 16 sts; tarsi II with 1 bsl, 1 tsl, 18 sts; tarsi III with 1 tsl, 18 sts; tarsi IV with 19 sts. The subcapitulum (Fig. 14 a), palp (Fig. 14 b), chelicera (Fig. 14 c), idiosoma (Fig. 15 a, b), and legs (Fig. 16 a���d) have been illustrated to aid in identification. Material examined (25 individuals on slides). 1 female holotype, ex. outer bark of Loblolly Pine, USA, Louisiana, Livingston Parish, Maurepas, 19 September 1963, coll. J. C. Moser ��� 1 female paratype, same data ��� 1 female (APGD 09-0821-004), ex. low bush blueberry litter on top of bluff, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co., Buffalo National River, Steel Creek, 21 August 2009, coll. J. R. Fisher ��� 2 females (APGD 09-0821-010), ex cedar litter, same data ��� 1 female (09-0829-002), ex cedar litter, same locality, 29 August 2009, coll. J. R. Fisher ��� 1 female (APGD 09-0907-005), ex leaf litter around boulders, same locality, 0 7 September 2009, coll. J. R. Fisher ��� 1 female (APGD 09-0918-003), same locality, 18 September 2009, coll. J. R. Fisher and M. J. Skvarla ��� 2 females (APGD 10 -0528-008), ex wet mixed cedar and oak litter in rock crevice, same locality, 28 May 2010, coll. J. R. Fisher and M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female (APGD 10 -0730-004), ex mixed cedar and deciduous litter, same locality, 30 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female (APGD 10 -0730-005), same data ��� 1 female (APGD 10-1009 -003), ex deciduous litter in tall grass near pond, same locality (36 �� 0 2.289 N, 093�� 20.455 W), 0 9 October 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female (APGD 10-1010 -003), ex deciduous litter drifted along bank of creek flood basin, same locality (36 �� 02.016 N, 093�� 20.137 W), 10 October 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female (APGD 10 -0426-024), ex thin litter layer in secondary forest next to pulloff, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co., Buffalo National River, Boen Gulf, 26 April 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female (APGD 10 -0919-006), same locality, 19 September 2010, by M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female (APGD 10 -0531-003), caught in malaise trap, USA, Arkansas, Washington Co., Ozark National Forest, Weddington (36 �� 06.477 N, 093�� 23.446 W), 31 May 2010, coll. J. R. Fisher and M. J. Skvarla ��� 1 female (APGD 10 -0523-009), ex cedar litter in rocky area, USA, Missouri, Taney Co. (36 �� 41.199 N, 092�� 58.274 W), 23 May 2010, coll. J. R. Fisher and D. M. Keeler ��� 2 females (APGD 10 -0523-007), ex litter in rocky area, USA, Missouri, Taney Co. (36 �� 41.199 N, 092�� 58.274 W), 23 May 2010, coll. J. R. Fisher and D. M. Keeler. ��� 5 females (APGD 10 -0701-001), collected in pitfalls in open rocky area with reindeer moss, USA, Missouri, Madison Co, Rockpile Mountain Wilderness, 1 July 2010, coll. J. R. Fisher and D. M. Keeler., Published as part of Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194 on pages 17-20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/201630, {"references":["Smiley, R. L. (1992) The predatory mite family Cunaxidae (Acari) of the world with a new classification. Indira Publishing House, West Bloomington, Michigan, 356 pp.","Kaluz, S. (2009) Two new Palearctic mite species of the family Cunaxidae (Acari: Prostigmata). Zootaxa. 2198, 27 - 40."]}