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BACKGROUND: Tissue-engineered bone has become an important means of repairing maxillofacial bone defects due to its minimally invasive, safe and accurate characteristics. OBJECTIVE: The model of chick chorioallantoic membrane was loaded with different intensities of electric field, to detect the blood vessel growth-related parameters, and to explore the effect of electric field on force-vascularization of tissue-engineered bone, in order to search for a method that can promote force-vascularization of tissue-engineered bone, thus increasing the repair success rate. METHODS: The model of chick chorioallantoic membrane (Inshell model) was established using the chicken embryos hatched for 8 days. The models were randomized into A, B, C, D, and E groups, followed by loaded with 0, -0.75, -1.5, -3 and +1.5 V and steady direct current electric fields at different directions. The images were taken at 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours. The average blood vessel length and growth angle were measured by Image J, and analyzed on SPSS 22.0 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After loaded with different currents of electric fields, the average growth rate of vessel length in the groups A, B and C was 0.012, 0.023, and 0.047 5 mm/h, respectively. Independent sample t test results revealed that after loaded with -1.5 and 0 V for 48 hours, the average length of blood vessel was (4.22 ±0.436) and (3.21±0.31) mm/mm2, respectively, and the difference was significant (P < 0.01). After loaded with -1.5 and 0 V for 48 hours, the angle of blood vessels was (21.36±20.16)° and (82.17±50.44)°, respectively, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). The chick chorioallantoic membrane around the electrode in the groups D and E degenerated and chick embryos died. These findings indicate that appropriate negative electricity promotes the growth of blood vessels, and changes the angle of blood vessel growth, suggesting that steady direct current electric field greatly affects chick chorioallantoic membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Using the rapid growth period of the chorioallantoic membrane from the 8th day to the 12th day, vascular growth at bone defect end and vascular implantation of a bone graft substitute into the human body can be simulated. OBJECTIVE: To load hydroxyapatite into a chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model, and to establish an implanted revascularization model. METHODS: Twelve rosette eggs were incubated under the same suitable conditions for 8 days. After windowing, the eggs were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group was implanted with hydroxyapatite material to establish the model of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane carrying hydroxyapatite; control group was implanted with filter paper material, sealed and placed into a constant temperature and humidity box to continue to hatch. At the 12th day of incubation, length of new vessels and length of new vessels per unit area in the two groups were observed, and the angiogenesis on the hydroxyapatite and filter paper was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean length of new vessels and length of new vessels per unit area were 24.031 mm and 0.242 mm/mm2 in the experimental group, and 23.561 mm and 0.212 mm/mm2 in the control group, respectively. There were no significant differences between two groups. Additionally, vascular tissues were obviously observed on the hydroxyapatite samples in the experimental group. These experimental results show that the establishment of the model of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane carrying hydroxyapatite provides a simple and accurate in vitro animal model for studies on ideal bone graft materials and angiogenesis. The hydroxyapatite has no effect on the angiogenesis on the chorioallantoic membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]