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Despite the significance of governance, few instruments are available to assess its practices in tourist destinations. This research endeavors to address that gap by proposing the tourist destination governance barometer (TDG barometer), a measurement tool that includes all governance dimensions. The objective is to provide destination authorities with a self‐assessment instrument that will enhance their understanding of governance practices and ultimately lead to improved management. The TDG barometer encompasses seven governance dimensions: participation, coherence, openness, effectiveness, responsibility, know‐how/quality, and simplicity. Comprising 31 attributes, the model is designed to be consistent, holistic, intensive, weighted, referable, comparable, and easy to apply. The final version of the TDG barometer has undergone rigorous evaluation by a panel of experts. It has been tested in a national organization evaluated with the EFQM excellence management model. Notably, the TDG barometer can be integrated with the EFQM model, enhancing its utility and effectiveness in destination management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Winter tourism is an important economic factor in the European Alps, which could be exposed to severely changing meteorological conditions due to climate change in the future. The extent to which meteorology influences winter tourism figures has so far been analyzed mainly based on monthly or seasonal data and in relation to skier numbers. Therefore, we record for the first time daily visitor numbers at five Bavarian winter tourism destinations based on 1518 webcam images using object detection and link them to meteorological and time-related variables. Our results show that parameters such as temperature, cloud cover or sunshine duration, precipitation, snow depth, wind speed, and relative humidity play a role especially at locations that include other forms of winter tourism in addition to skiing. In the ski resorts studied, on the other hand, skiing is mostly independent of current weather conditions, which can be attributed mainly to artificial snowmaking. Moreover, at the webcam sites studied, weekends and vacation periods had an equal or even stronger influence on daily visitor numbers than the current weather conditions. The extent to which weather impacts the (future) visitor numbers of a winter tourism destination must therefore be investigated individually and with the inclusion of non-meteorological variables influencing human behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of the Study: This study's primary objective is to explore the influence of location and pricing on tourists' accommodation purchase intentions in Bali. By doing so, it seeks to shed light on the key factors that shape tourists' decisions when selecting accommodations in this popular tourist destination. Methodology: The research methodology employed in this study encompasses Multiple Linear Regression, the Coefficient of Determination, t-tests, and F-tests, all executed using the statistical software SPSS. A total of 103 respondents were targeted, resulting in 100 eligible respondents who met the criteria. Data collection was conducted using Google Forms, from August 1st to October 1st, 2023. Main Findings: The primary findings of this research indicate that both location and pricing have a substantial and positive impact on tourists' purchase intentions in Bali. This suggests that tourists are significantly influenced by these factors when making decisions about where to stay during their visit. Applications of the Study: The insights generated by this study have practical applications in various fields, including tourism management, marketing strategies, and the hospitality industry. Stakeholders in Bali's tourism sector can leverage this information to make informed decisions about location selection and pricing strategies to attract more visitors. Novelty/Originality of the Study: What sets this study apart is its focus on the specific context of Bali and its exploration of the interplay between location, pricing, and purchase intentions. This research contributes to perspectives and valuable knowledge to the existing body of literature in the field, offering practical implications for both academia and the tourism industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, although most tourists have made several trips during a year, the average length of their vacations has decreased. The tendency to reduce the average length of stay of tourists has been evident in many destinations around the world in recent years. The purpose of this paper is to conduct an analysis of how the average length of stay of tourists in the main categories of destinations in Romania has evolved over the last decade, providing details about the evolution regarding tourist destinations located in the Romanian Black Sea coastal area. Starting from the possible causes identified in this paper, of the almost continuous decrease in the average length of stay in these destinations, we consider it necessary to undertake more in-depth studies, to find out the causes of these developments, which will be the basis of future development and marketing strategies regarding the respective tourist resorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Storia e Regione is the property of Studienverlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research focuses on the impact of the perceived risk experienced by tourists during their visit to a destination. The insecurity experienced in destinations around the world represents a major challenge for managers, businesses, and academics. The objective of this work is to understand the impact of the perceived risk experienced by tourists during their stay in a destination. Thus, risk as a key variable in this work is studied from a qualitative approach by means of an in-depth interview to find out the opinions that a group of visitors have of a place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A study on tourist mobility that employs revealed preference travel-activity data. • Precise computation of mode attributes (time, cost) extends existing approaches. • Company, trip purpose, destination knowledge and weather also influence mode choice. • Tourists are inelastic to changes in price, but react to changes in travel time. • Accounting for tourist on-site travel is essential for accurate policy design. Tourist travel contributes greatly to transport problems in highly attractive tourist areas. Despite that, local travel behavior of visitors at the destination has hardly been investigated so far. To fill this gap, we used data from a bespoke travel-activity survey conducted in the Austrian Alps to develop models of transport mode choice of tourists during their vacation stays at the resorts. The outcomes reveal significant effects of, inter alia, travel time, travel cost, travel party composition, trip purpose, respondent's level of fitness, their knowledge about long-distance travel to the destination and mobility options at the destination, and selected weather elements. Tourists are found to be very inelastic to changes in travel cost, whilst more responsive to changes in travel time. The paper delivers unique evidence that can advance transport policy design and thus contribute to more sustainable travel at tourist destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, tourism, in the so-called millennial generation, has shifted from the experience itself and the pleasure of traveling to the pleasure of sharing and finding, in the stories and images narrated in social networks, a way to express their concerns to the world. That is, before embarking on the trip, millennial tourists seek the experience of the chosen place in images that their referents (influencers or prescribers) show in different social networks; in this way they program the mental representations with which they build their trip, and reaffirm from their own testimony or experience. This paper explores some significant examples of how the intersection between tourism promotion and Instagram -as an eminently visual social platform- offers. Starting from a qualitative methodology, the theoretical bases of tourism and the tourist image are reviewed to place them in the current context of the Instagram social network, subjecting these assumptions to analysis through the survey technique, which is applied to millennial tourists, followers of microinfluencers chosen for their relevance in the study. The results of the work show the effects of the influencer on the follower and potential tourist; moreover, in most cases, millennial tourists use the visual suggestions of the posts of their prescribers to discover new tourist destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China, mountain destinations offer more opportunities for vacation than beaches and springs, with a larger national coverage, richer landscapes and various diverse folk cultures. Hunan Province, for example, serves as a typical mountain tourism destination. Our research aims to assess the potential suitability and component pattern of holidaymaking in Hunan Province to support for scientific endeavors and sustainable use of mountain resources in Hunan. An approach for mapping potential suitability was constructed based on Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) of six primary factors including terrain, climate suitability period, biology and environment, human activity culture, hydrological landscape, and road infrastructure, which is calculated on the base of eleven secondary factors used as suitability criteria. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information system (GIS) were also integrated into the evaluation models to prepare six single and complex factor suitability maps for mountain vacation. Multivariate clustering was used to clarify the component pattern of single factor combinations in each mountain vacation suitability index (MVSI) class. The results have shown that: 1) Regions with high suitability are distributed with characteristics of significant dispersion and limited aggregation; 2) 15.89% of the sample mountains are highly suitable, 30.78% are moderately suitable, 42.61% are marginally suitable and 10.72% are poorly suitable; 3) The complexity of index combination corresponding to each level is different; 4) Different combinations emphasize different destination needs. The study reveals the suitability class, characteristics, and limiting factors of mountain vacation in different geographical locations on the provincial scale. These elements play an instructive role in scientific decision-making and orderly exploitation of resources among Hunan's Mountain destinations. Furthermore, the study can also be used as a basis for the suitability evaluation of mountain vacation in other areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural tourism is no longer a novelty. A significant number of the world's inhabitants are increasingly enjoying country holidays, both through users (tourists) and providers (pension owners). Tourist activity in the village world has proven to be profitable to the detriment of mass or "industrial" tourism. The village of Bihor, in general, and the one with a tourist vocation, in particular, represent a unique tourist product for both the national and the world market. On the other hand, the tourist village of Bihor can contribute to the discovery of our country as a possible tourist destination, creating interest in Romania as a place that offers a wide range of experiences, quality vacations and even business opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article was aimed to explain the implementation of the Tourism Department's strategy in developing halal tourist destinations in West Lombok Regency and analyze the factors that influence the strategy implementation. The government of West Lombok Regency has drawn up a strategic plan to address the complexity of the problems that arise in halal tourism. This research used a qualitative method. Data were collected through documentation, observation, and interview techniques. The results showed the implementation of the strategy has been carried out in the form of activities and programs. The tourism destination has been characterized as halal and supported by regulatory clarity, the Islamic Culture Community in West Lombok Regency, which is also attached to the natural conditions that are very supportive and the support of the enthusiastic tourism awareness group (POKDARWIS). However, there are still obstacles, including the lack of a clear concept of halal tourism in West Lombok Regency, the lack of marketing or promotion of halal tourism, as well as inadequate and halal-certified facilities. So the recommendation that needs to be conveyed by the Government tourism office of West Nusa Tenggara is the need to translate the program into various activities in more detail and must involve stakeholders to help standardize and certify. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism destinations are facing an increasingly competitive environment, and the need to offer a compelling visitor experience is intense. However, destinations are hindered by the fragmented nature of their governance structure, with a disparate group of actors from service providers to local government agencies involved. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the tourism destination can respond effectively to changing market trends and develop a shared vision for the destination among the various actors. The resource-based view (RBV) of the firm perspective is adopted to identify the role of network management capabilities, which facilitate the coordination of actors needed to ensure destination efficacy, thereby addressing a lack of scholarly attention to marketing capability in the tourism destination. The empirical context is set in Killarney, Ireland’s most enduring and popular tourism destination. The findings point to the presence of a dynamic destination sensing capability in Killarney, which is driving a market-sensing capability and orchestration capability. This investigation provides important insight into how a successful tourism destination is able to sustain the magical ingredient of tourist engagement over two centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Social Sciences is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tourism has been recognised as one of the main industries in the world. It creates opportunities for developing tourism destinations; however, it also requires adaptation to new challenges in constant evolution. In this context, there is a continuous need to identify and explore new tourism markets, take advantage of emerging opportunities, and create products that offer innovative and differentiating tourism experiences. Mozambique is betting on the development of tourism as a factor of economic and territorial dynamism. This article aims to present a destination image-based segmentation study of potential visitors to Mozambique. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 382 potential visitors to Mozambique. The application of a hierarchical cluster analysis based on the perceived destination image allowed the identification of three clusters: “nostalgic”, “destination lovers”, and “concerned”. The results highlight differences in terms of perceived risk and intentional behaviour among the clusters identified. The paper ends with important practical implications to improve the image of Mozambique as a tourism destination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decent work is a construct of growing interest in the hospitality sector. It is an important component of employee-focused, micro-level corporate social responsibility and a key element of a sustainable tourism agenda. In this study, we identify the domain and dimensions of this construct, merging objective and measurable work variables with the conditions of the tourism environment and job market, according to workers' perceptions. This approach improves on previous aggregate perspectives that use applied and academic secondary information sources. Subsequently, a multidimensional, efficient measurement instrument of decent work in the hospitality sector is developed, identifying eight factors and demonstrating reliable and valid scores. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses show a good fit for the model. Interestingly, there are some factors that stand out as key features, such as an adequate income, stability and security in employment, issues related to health and safety at work as well as lifelong learning and professional development managed under equal opportunity conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although slow cities offer critical forms of sustainable tourism on a global scale, little empirical research has investigated how the performance of pro-sustainable Cittáslow destinations is beneficial to place identity and dependence, and slow city research in China is still at a relatively early stage. This research took Yaxi Cittáslow, the first Chinese slow city, as an example to probe its destination performances and detect the impact of place identity and dependence on tourists' attachment and loyalty toward Cittáslow city tourism. The structural model evaluation revealed that the performance of Yaxi Cittáslow tourism products and services greatly and positively affected responsiveness constructs, which provides a reference for predicting tourist affection and loyalty to a slow city, even their future decision-making process. Additionally, the moderating effect of past experience and trip length was estimated on the conceptual framework. Implications and suggestions for destination operators and future research directions were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to promote the high-quality development of tourism industry in Liaoning Province under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, the tourism demand of residents in Liaoning Province was investigated by questionnaire to determine the change and development trend of tourism demand. The results show that in the next year, residents in Liaoning Province pay more attention to travel safety and costs, tend to leisure vacation tourism products, and are more fond of to health tourism than before the epidemic. The travel mode of self-driving tour and the organization mode of self-help tour have been widely concerned. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the safety and health supervision of tourism destinations, introduce products that meet the new consumption demand and innovate tourism products and publicity modes, so as to help the revitalization and upgrading and achieve high-quality development of tourism industry in Liaoning Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, there has been an interest in new tourism management models due to the need for effective tourism management to ensure that destinations are sustainable, safe and competitive. The objective of this article is to carry out a study of the models that address the management of tourist destinations. The methods used were: the bibliometric analysis that allowed to determine the main lines of research on the subject, the bibliographic review to identify the variables that are most related to tourism management, with the support of a software an analysis was carried out in networks and by hierarchical clusters to identify the main clusters that allow a better visualization of the variables. It was determined that the variables of greatest use in the analyzed models are: marketing-communication, market research and/or service quality, planning and/or organization and management of actors, resources, information or crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sport tourism and its related events have been identified as a unique niche product and South Africa is considered globally as a leading sport event tourism destination. Despite the devastating impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sector, it is recognised for its resilience and ability to overcome crises thereby creating employment and assisting economies to recover. For this recovery to effectively take place, recovery strategies, frameworks and policies are now a necessity for the sustainability of South Africa as a sport event tourism destination. The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical review of existing published and unpublished literature sources and policy documents in order to identify the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on sport event tourism in South Africa and to propose directions for recovery strategies going forward, as well as recommendations for future research areas. In doing so, the current paper has found that through adequate recovery policies, strategies and frameworks, sport event tourism in South Africa can effectively be used as a post pandemic tool for urban regeneration, new business opportunities and a range of positive social impacts for host communities. As the sub sector begins to reopen, recovery strategies that include considerations of risk communication, community engagement, risk mitigation and the hosting of hybrid events are essential for its sustainability. For the effective implementation hereof, additional research is needed in the fields of crises in sport event tourism, the use of technology in the sub sector, as well as collaboration in small scale sport event tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourist destinations are relational systems that can be studied through social network analysis (SNA). The paper analyses the structural properties of the networks of actors of three tourist destinations, focusing on the degree centrality indicator for socio‐centric networks and asymmetrical relationships to obtain the indegree (prestige) and outdegree (influence) of the various actors. The results strengthen the idea that there is a direct relationship between relational dynamics and the development of tourist destinations. It provides results that demonstrate how the relational structure changes as tourist destinations evolve, and how there is a direct relationship between the number of actors with high centrality and the development of tourist destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism has now become an integral part of humanity’s life, which is directly affecting the economic, social, cultural development of the world and individually of each country. Tourism has now become a very important economic and attractive field for mankind, which is characterized by massive tourist trips, involving different layers and social groups, for the purposes of scientific research, vacations and recreation, as well as the enrichment of knowledge with their natural beauty, historical, cultural monuments, habits, mentalities, languages, and so on in different countries and people of the world. The development of the tourism and hotel industry enables individuals to have access to tourist destinations, where they are offered accommodation opportunities in those countries by using their respective hotel capacities. Thus, the purpose of this article is to present an overview or a framework related to the tourism and hotel industry, respectively definitions, concepts and developments of this field are given. To illustrate the meaning of this issue the case of Kosovo has been studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study is to explore the price determinants of the hotel rooms in Cyprus, a competitive Mediterranean tourism destination. The author employs a hedonic pricing method in order to analyse the impact of a variety of characteristics and attributes. The choice of variables follows recent literature, while data have been obtained from a private travel agency. Research results suggest that in case of Cyprus, the most substantial impact is generated by hotel core attributes that potentially determinate whole hotel product, including star rating (25.5%) and spa facilities (33.2%). The main limitations of the study are the reliance on a single data source and not examining impacts from seasonality. Despite those shortcomings, findings provide a valid starting point for any future analysis and useful scientific implications to researchers and practitioners involved in the strategic planning process in the hotel industry. The practical implications of this type of research include demonstrating to hotel owners which features should be maintained and enhanced in order for their revenues to be most significantly increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, several international tourist destinations are dealing with overtourism, which means a series of malfunctions concerning activity segregation (often, located in historical centres), discomfort for the local community and even for tourists, due to extended visiting hours, etc. In the same context, in a number of cities, local authorities came up with coping strategies regarding the management of tourist flow during travelling seasons and measures to avoid overcrowding on tourist attraction areas. We started our research with the purpose of validating the hypothesis according to which the city of Cluj - Napoca is confronting an intense travelling phenomenon and its consequences upon the citizens. In order to achieve this goal, a double social inquiry was considered, aiming at, on one hand, tourist perception of overtourism in the city of Cluj-Napoca (50 validated questionnaires), and citizen opinion in what regards tourist behaviour in Cluj-Napoca (166 validated questionnaires), on the other hand. The results of the research pointed out the following: a high interest in Cluj-Napoca tourist attractions, especially the ones located downtown; a tendency towards overtourism in the month of August, due to summer events, as well as overcrowded areas throughout the historical centre; the role of local administration in promoting the city of Cluj-Napoca as a travel destination; an everyday better image of the city as a destination for worldwide tourists etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the framework of sustainable development, the tourist industry demand increases in rigorousness and must pay more attention to environmental quality. In this context, this study aims to analyse the perception and attitude of the Young Generation of Tourists (YGT) regarding environmental quality, one direction in sustainable tourist destinations. The objectives of research focus on analysing the perception regarding environmental issues in vacation destinations, in order to identify how strongly is the YGT oriented towards sustainable tourism, followed by testing their pro-environmental behavioural profile. The study used the survey method applying the questionnaire as a tool, processed in SPSS V 27. The results show that young Romanians have a proenvironmental perception regarding the quality of most environmental components (air, water, vegetation). The perception is in line with their behaviour which demonstrates their awareness of the need to carry out tourist activities in modern, sustainable conditions, which affect the environment as little as possible. We also found that the YGT's involvement in environmental actions in tourist areas is limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online word-of-mouth, also known as e-WOM and Word of Mouth (WOM) are the most influential sources in the marketing sector. These information sources will be applied to the tourism sector. The results show that online WOM influence positively and significantly on destination image; online WOM is a positive and significant influence on the intention to visit; WOM is positive and not significant on the destination; WOM has a positive and significant influence on the intention to visit; destination has a positive and significant influence on the intention to visit. Implications and future research are discussed in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper was the analysis of the tourism dynamics in Romania's seaside resorts in the period 2010- 2019 in order to identify the main trends and characteristics of tourism in this destination. Based on fixed indices and regression models, the results proved that the seaside resorts are high attraction destinations for spending holidays especially in the summer season and also in extra-season. In 2019, tourist arrivals reached 1,153.7 thousands and the overnight stays accounted for 4,658 thousands, being higher than in 2010 by +64.2%, and, respectively, by +58.75%. The use rate of accommodation units in the seaside resorts increased from 33.8% in 2010 to 51.01% in 2019 being much higher than at the national level. More than 97% tourists on the seashore are Romanians. A number of 816.6 thousands tourists, meaning 10 times more than in 2010, took part to one-day trips organized in the proximity of the seaside by the local travel agencies. Even in the pandemic of covid-19, the Romanian seaside resorts were among the most preferred destinations. The main characteristics of Romania's seaside tourism are: the higher attraction for Romanian tourists than for foreigners, the seasonality and also extraseasonality of offer and demand, the disruption between the decline of the accommodation capacity (units and places) and the increased number of tourists, the large variety of tourism forms for spending time in an active (heliomarine cure, balneary procedures, nautical sports, fishing, entertainment, gastronomic, wine tasting, culturalhistorical etc). The seaside resorts have to continue their efforts to offer a modern and comfortable infrastructure, a large range of opportunities for spending vacations and safe stays in order to increase the number of tourists and incomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan is the property of Tourism Institute of Beijing Union University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article critically analyzes how tourists and hosts are represented verbally and visually in a travel brochure about Russia and what power relations might such representation shape. The interaction between hosts and tourists, one of the essential aspects of tourism, provides an opportunity to get acquainted with the sociocultural context of other nations, thus improving international relations. Russia is sometimes regarded as an unfriendly or unsafe travel destination and the Russian Government aims at increasing the popularity of the country among international tourists. However, there are concerns that promotional tourism discourse contributes to shaping asymmetrical power relations between tourists and locals and jeopardizes hospitality. While a number of researchers have examined the representation of people in tourism discourse, most of these studies have only considered the representation of hosts. Moreover, despite indications that various destinations can be represented differently, there is a lack of studies analyzing the representation of people in tourism discourse about Russia. To address this research gap, I conduct a multimodal critical discourse analysis and look at how hosts and tourists are represented in the 2018 Russia Travel Brochure. This approach allows revealing power relations and ideologies expressed in a text by various semiotic resources, such as language, images, typography, and layout. The results support previous findings that by foregrounding material tourist attractions and excluding hosts or representing them mostly as servants or performers, promotional tourism discourse downplays the role of locals in hospitality and contributes to shaping asymmetrical power relations between tourists and hosts. However, I argue that tourists can also be excluded from promotional tourism discourse about Russia or represented as a featureless group, thus establishing an asymmetrical power relationship between the tour operator and tourists. Visual and verbal representation of tourists and locals as diverse individual identities might contribute to maintaining balanced power relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Differences in tourism and recreation understanding have increased and recreation expectations of individuals have changed. There has been a change in the quality of consumption for the concept of family tourism. In the scope of this study, Three schools with different socio-economic status were identified in Erzurum. Children between the ages of 8-11 were asked to express their holiday expectations by drawing pictures. The results showed that while family tourism was dominated by physical tourism in schools where economic structure was good, they spent time with friends in neighborhood parks (Built Environment) in the region where economic welfare was low. As a result, when drawing forest, mountain and green areas in the pictures, tourism and vacation experience were generally preferred as water activities. It has been determined that children will turn to new destinations for tourism purposes in the future and contribute to the regional development of the tourism industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are multiple factors that play a significant role in determining a tourist choice of a vacation destination such as affordability, availability of activities, popularity, and safety. Despite the mass of content available on the World Wide Web, the efficiency of utilizing it to find a destination that meets all the criteria of a potential traveler is always questionable. Therefore, travel and tourism software tools tend to incorporate a recommender system component to enhance the quality of the service they provide. In this paper, we propose a simple multi-level tourism recommender system framework to assist potential travelers find the destination that best matches their preferences and requirements. The system incorporates two recommendation procedures: providing the user with a set of destinations liked by similar users to allow constructing a list of potential destinations. Then the system ranks the destinations on this list based on the user preferences and constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The case study of this research is Sade Rembitan, one of the only two ethnic villages on Lombok still inhabited by its original people, and which has been increasingly promoted as a tourist attraction and instrument to improve welfare for ethnic communities. Since different tourist groups may differ in the experience they seek in an ethnic tourism destination, it is important for a destination to understand how tourists are likely to respond to their products and to contribute to a profitable and successful attraction. The goal of this research is to investigate how to offer a more successful ethnic tourist experience to both domestic and international tourists, in the context of a fast-growing tourism destination. The research is based on the concept of ethnic tourism and its elements. By using desk research, observations, unstructured interviews, questionnaires, photography and semi-structured interviews, the research has been divided into three phases: the context and problem statement, the measurement of the tourist experience and differences between nationalities and finally the deeper understanding of the difference in tourist experience. The analysis reveals that the tourist experience in Sade Rembitan indeed differs for the domestic and international tourist. Indonesian tourists rate the overall tourist experience higher than international tourists. The gap seems to arise from the missing element of the experience of activities, which is seen as a crucial element in an ethnic tourism experience. For the international tourist, there is a need for more interaction, a mediator between the visitor and local community and to become part of the real lifestyle; something that is currently missing in Sade Rembitan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Astatistical analysis based on a tripartite theoretical model of tourist attraction was conducted in this work to examine the influence of personal factors on tourists' perception of the attractions that determine a city's attractiveness. Using the responses of a sample of 510 international tourists, a random sample of 171 was selected, from which parametric and non-parametric tests were carried out: Levene's test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test. The results show that, from a statistical point of view, there are statistically significant relationships between tourist perception and personal factors. This reveals that the same tourist attractions can be perceived and evaluated differently according to gender, age, motivation, and region of origin. Thus, there is a significant influence of internal factors on the tourists' perception. Tourism perception is therefore not static but fluctuating. Consequently, it is imperative for decision-makers to segment the tourism market to satisfy tourists, meet their expectations, and enhance the attractiveness of a destination. The main results of this research are related to the contrasting perceptions of the same tourist attraction by different groups of tourists. An exploration that has so far not been carried out in previous research, in the context of urban tourism. Thus, tourism managers should take this variation into account when planning a tourism marketing and communication strategy. Research proves that targeted and focused tourist development can increase the tourist attractiveness of a city, the level of which depends crucially on perception. Finally, a presentation of four models that categorize and prioritize tourist attractions according to preferences by age, gender, motivation, and original destination is presented. These models are put forward as a referential, decision-support framework that clarifies the nuanced preferences of different tourist groups. The theoretical and marketing implications of this work are also discussed for further research and development of tourism destination management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Destination performance is currently a topic of interest. Destination companies and institutions use a number of methods and tools to do this. One of them is to investigate the intensity of tourist activity through the Defert function T (f). The article deals with the research activity of the Moravian-Silesian Region in the period 2014 - 2018 and its districts using the Defert function. This region is not one of the major tourist destinations in the Czech Republic, but the number of visitors and tourist activity has changed positively in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for mountain tourist destinations represents an important segment of the tourist demand in Romania. It recorded an oscillating evolution during the last three decades (1990-2019), the causes being complex, of economic, social and political nature. The significant increase of tourism demand in recent times is the effect of implementing coherent action plans, coordinated at the national level and supported by certain government measures to encourage the tourism industry. These involved both investments in tourism infrastructure and in the marketing and promotion of Romanian destinations. At the same time, tourism operators have understood that a diversified, tourist-oriented offer that meets tourists’ specific needs is the only way to cope with competition on the regional tourism market and many of them have acted in this direction. The further development of the tourist access infrastructure and facilities in the areas with high tourist potential, as well as the rehabilitation of some tourist attractions represent the strategic directions of action in order to continue this favorable trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building on Li and Petrick's earlier work, this study applies the investment model to a destination context. Specifically, this study proposes that tourist satisfaction, perceived investment in a destination, and perceived quality of alternatives can be used to explain tourist loyalty to a destination. An alternative approach that indirectly measures quality of alternatives is proposed and compared against the direct approach used by other researchers. The proposed relationships were tested through an online panel, surveying American travelers on their perceptions of a southeastern US state as a vacation destination. Results provide empirical evidence to (i) support the use of an investment model as a theoretical foundation to explain destination loyalty and (ii) show that the indirect measure of quality of alternatives is more robust than the direct measure employed in this study. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]