Search

Marine economy is a valuable pillar for the development of coastal areas. It is of profound significance to explore the influence of marine economy development on economic resilience of coastal areas. This paper constructs an economic resilience assessment framework based on resistance, adaptability, and evolutionary power, adopts the entropy method to calculate the economic resilience development level in China's coastal areas from 2006 to 2019, and examines in detail the driving factors affecting the economic resilience from the indicator level. Furthermore, panel regression models are used to explore the influence of marine economic development on the economic resilience of China's coastal areas and its mechanism of action. The results show that: (1) China's coastal areas have an overall trend of rising economic resilience. The spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of different economic resilience factors are significant. (2) Factors such as regional economic scale, innovation input, industrial transformation, resident income, consumption scale, degree of marketization, and financial scale are key factors to enhance the economic system resilience of coastal areas. (3) There is a significant positive impact of the marine economy on the economic resilience of coastal areas, and this promotion effect is regulated and constrained by the level of diversification of marine industries and the level of concentration of marine industries. (4) Heterogeneity analysis shows that there are significant individual differences in the impact of Marine economy on economic resilience, and its marginal effect first increases and then decreases. The corresponding policy implications are further analyzed based on the research results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhancing the marine carrying capacity (MCC) is of important value in hastening the transformation of the marine economy and realising the marine economy high-quality development (MEHD). We explore the synergistic mechanism between the MCC and MEHD and its comprehensive indicator system, measure the synergistic relationship between China's MCC and MEHD from 2006 to 2020 using the improved TOPSIS model and the composite system synergism model, and explore the influencing factors and their interactions using geographic probes. The research findings are (1) that China's MCC and MEHD show a growing trend during the study period, in which marine green development is at a higher level and the cultivation of marine knowledge improves most significantly, but the general value of the MEHD is relatively low. (2) In terms of the synergistic relationship, the degree of ordering of the two shows a sustained rising trend, and the degree of ordering of the marine economy development as a whole is higher than the MCC; the degree of synergy is increasing, but the general value of synergistic development is low. (3) The main factors driving the MCC and MEHD are the marine consumption capacity, the marine opening, and the marine industrial structure; the explanatory power of most factor interactions tends to decrease, and the explanatory power of the interactions among the development of land-based economy, the marine industry structure, and the marine economy increase, and the impacts of the different factor interactions on the synergistic development are all greater than the factors. The influence of different factors on synergistic development is greater than the influence of each factor alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the nexus between per capita gross ocean product (GOP) growth and total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) discharged from land-based sources in Guangxi and China. Multiple pollution indicators, such as red tide area (RTA), seawater quality area (SWQA), and eutrophication area (EA), were used as marine environmental quality indicators, and annual time series data during the period 2010–2019 were employed. The data were analyzed using the environment Kuznets curve fitting model. Results showed that the average annual growth rates of the GOP and gross domestic product (GDP) of China were 9.88% and 10.79%, respectively, and those of Guangxi were 13.62% and 10.02%, respectively. The average annual GOP ratio in GDP for Guangxi and China was 6.59 and 9.47, respectively. The marine tertiary industry was the most dominant marine industry; it accounted for 41.12–50.01% (mean: 46.12%) of Guangxi's GDP and 47–60% (mean: 52.47%) of China's GDP. The TP, COD, SWQA, and EA of Guangxi and the TP, TN, COD, SWQA, and EA of China displayed inverted U-shaped GOP growth. These findings indicate that the marine economic growth and marine environmental quality of Guangxi and China are harmonious. However, TN increased synchronously with marine economic growth in Guangxi. Therefore, the industrial structure must be further optimized, pollutant discharge management must be strengthened, and the harmonious development of Guangxi's marine economy and marine environment needs to be promoted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ocean plays a crucial role in human society's survival and development. While China's marine economy has grown rapidly in recent years, it has also led to serious problems inhibiting ecosystem sustainability. This paper proposes high-quality development of the marine economy and combines the improved entropy value method, fuzzy hierarchical analysis method (FAHP), and data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to establish a quadratic relative evaluation model. A two-layer comprehensive index framework with 19 indicators is built to measure various aspects of the marine economy, including innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing. Empirical analysis conducted on 11 coastal provinces in China using data mainly collected from the Chinese Statistical Yearbook reveals significant spatial patchiness in the high-quality development level of the marine economy. This discrepancy is largely due to differences in geographical locations, resources, and government policies. The study analyzes four benchmark provinces of high-quality development and summarizes their experiences. The paper concludes by providing suggestions and implications to support government decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The key to achieving the high-quality development of the marine economy (HDME) is to facilitate synergy through the coordination of marine elements. By adopting a perspective concerning complex systems, this paper presents a comprehensive framework—the composite system for high-quality development of the marine economy (CSHDME)—that synergistically integrates the five dimensions of "economy—technology—ecological—society—culture" in the marine domain. Building upon this framework, in this paper, we construct a CSHDME synergy evaluation index system using relevant data from 11 coastal provinces in China from 2010 to 2020. We utilize the subsystem orderliness degree model and composite system synergy degree model to calculate the degree of subsystem orderliness and degree of composite system synergy for the CSHDME as well as analyze the development status of the CSHDME subsystem and the degree of CSHDME synergy. The results indicate that: (1) the five-dimensional subsystem of the CSHDME exhibits an overall trend of year-on-year growth, with significant development disparities; (2) the degree of the synergy of the CSHDME is characterized by strong regional differences, strong fluctuations, instability, and low synergy; (3) the degree of the synergy of the CSHDME demonstrates the spatial evolution characteristics of low synergy, strong differences, strong fluctuations, and high agglomeration; and (4) the degree of orderliness and development speed of subsystems affect the degree of the synergy of the CSHDME. Therefore, measures such as the rational allocation of marine resources, accurate improvement of shortcomings, optimization of the spatial layout, and strengthening of regional cooperation should be considered to further promote the synergistic development of the CSHDME. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's marine economy has gradually become one of the main driving forces for national economic growth in recent years. Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve theory, this paper selects four indicators to represent the marine environmental pollution level, namely industrial solid waste discharge, industrial wastewater discharge, dredged emissions and pollutant emissions from offshore oil exploration in coastal areas. Gross marine product per capita is selected as the indicator to reflect the marine economy. Using the relevant data of China's marine economy and environment from 2005 to 2016, the regression equation between marine environmental pollution level and marine economy was established. The results show that the growth of marine economy effectively controls the discharge of industrial wastewater. But pollutant emissions from offshore oil exploration are still increasing year by year. It is concluded that marine environmental pollution will not necessarily improve with the growth of the marine economy. This phenomenon is not spontaneous. Various measures need to be taken to curb marine pollution and improve the marine environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the years, the development of marine economy has been an important component of coastal cities' total economic growth in China. Whether the coastal cities had paid enough attention to the coordination of marine economic development and ecological environment protection in the process of marine development activities needed to be evaluated accordingly. An index evaluation system for the coordination between marine ecological environment protection and marine economic development in coastal cities of China was established in this work by using the analytic hierarchy process. The statistical analysis results from 2006 to 2018 showed that much more attention had been paid on marine ecological environment protection since the year 2012 in China. The evaluated results showed that among all coastal provinces and cities, Shanghai and Shandong Provinces had the best coordination between marine economic development and marine ecological environment protection in the year 2016. Years of data showed that marine economic development and marine ecological environmental protection complement each other and promote each other. At the same time, the analysis results of this indicator evaluation system showed that marine ecological environment protection in China should further strengthen the protection by preventing and controlling marine pollution and carrying out ecological restoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The green output bias of technological progress is the key factor driving the green transformation of mariculture. This study considers whether environmental regulation can promote the green output bias. Utilizing data envelopment analysis (DEA), we decomposed the green output biased technological progress index (OBTC) and constructed the index to measure the output bias between output value and pollutant emissions. The results show spatial and temporal differences in the green output bias, with different bias values for three major Chinese coastal regions during the study period. As the bias value mainly fluctuates around the zero value, the degree of green output bias must be enhanced. Considering the heterogeneity of environmental regulation, we empirically study the relation that exists between environmental regulation and green output bias. Our findings indicate a U-shaped relation between two categories of environmental regulation and the green output bias. Green technology partially intermediates the mechanisms by which these environmental regulations influence green output bias. Our results have implications for policymakers and other stakeholders for strengthening environmental regulation, promoting green technological innovation, and the scientific planning of the species and scale of mariculture to promote sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effect of environmental regulation on green total factor productivity (GTFP) of marine economy in China. Environmental regulation can reduce environmental pollution, and it is the key to sustainable development, but we scarcely know its effects on marine economy. Although environmental regulation increases the cost of economic operation and reduces profits, it also can improve the productivity through stimulating more innovation activities. Therefore, the net effect of environmental regulation on productivity depends on the relative size of the two competitive effects. We present the following evidence on the basis of marine economy in China's coastal provinces. (1) The GTFP of marine economy shows an upward trend. (2) Environmental regulation from investment and cost perspectives has a positive effect on GTFP of marine economy in the long term but not the short term, which supports the Porter hypothesis. (3) Environmental regulation has a single threshold effect on GTFP with environmental regulation, economic development level, and technological level as the threshold variable, respectively. The influence on GTFP can be significantly positively after crossing the threshold value. This study provides timely evidence and important policy implications for achieving a win-win situation between environmental protection and economic development through environmental regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the Malmquist-total factor productivity index decomposition method, this study incorporates marine energy, capital, and labour into a research framework to measure the marine input-biased technological progress index and its bias effect in various coastal regions of China. Through the change in the proportion of factor inputs, this study further judges the bias of the factor allocation of marine technological progress, and systematically investigates the regional differences in the bias of marine technological progress. The results indicate that there is input-biased technological progress in the marine economy, and the biased technological progress in most regions is a stable contributing factor for promoting the improvement of TFP and the development of marine economy. However, with the passage of time, this bias effect is gradually weakened, and China's marine technological progress is gradually deviating from a reasonable allocation structure. Marine technological progress tends to save labour between capital and labour inputs as well as energy and labour inputs, and tends to save energy between capital and energy inputs, but generally prefers to save labour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To have a clear understanding of the interactive relationship between the marine economy and marine environment in China and to further promote the sustainable development of China's oceans, this study evaluates the level of coordinated development between China's marine economy and marine environment by defining and calculating marine eco-efficiency. Next, it uses the Tapio decoupling model to analyze the decoupling relationships among the marine environment, its determinant factors, and the marine economy. This reveals the nature and development trend of the internal relationship between dynamic changes in the marine economy and the marine environment. The results show that, during the study period, there is improvement in the marine eco-efficiencies of 11 Chinese coastal provinces and cities, and there exists a spatial pattern comprising higher marine eco-efficiency in the central regions and lower in the southern and northern ones. Further, the decoupling relationship between the marine economy and marine environment in 11 coastal areas mainly showed a decline from 2006 to 2015. Massive investment of marine resources was not only the major contributor to marine economic growth but also the main factor exerting pressure on the marine environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The marine economy is a new economic growth target under the new paradigms of China's economy. Since 2011, China has established successive marine economy demonstration zones. However, there is no conclusion yet drawn as to the effect of the marine economy demonstration zones. In this paper, the earliest Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone is set as our research object, the GRAM-DID model is used to evaluate the net effect of the establishment of the Blue Economic Zone, and the marine economy of Shandong Province input-output model is compiled to estimate the economic growth effects of other industries induced thereby, which makes the assessment of the net effect more accurate and comprehensive. The results show that the net economic growth arising from establishment of the Blue Economic Zone is 304204.7 million yuan, which induces significant economic growth in the circulation of goods and services and the manufacturing sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new technology may be biased towards saving energy, or reducing pollution emission or increasing economic output. It is necessary for the high-quality development of marine economy to promote environment-based technological progress. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the biased technological progress and its influencing factors of China's marine economy from 2002 to 2016. We used a DEA-Malmquist model to measure the biased technological progress. Then we further analyzed influencing factors of biased technological progress. Our research found that the TFP of the marine economy was basically growing, and this growth was mainly due to a positive impact of technological progress. In general, the technological progress of marine economy is gradually biased towards energy conservation and emissions reduction. Furthermore, technological progress in the Yangtze River Delta are more conducive to energy conservation. The marine economic production in the Pan-Pearl River Delta is more inclined to promote production growth, while tit is most concerned about environmental protection in the Bohai Rim region. In addition, factors such as environmental regulation, economic level, FDI and industrial scale have different impacts on biased technological progress of marine economy. The results show that the directive regulations have a greater impact on the input-biased technological progress, while the incentive regulations have a greater impact on the output-biased technological progress. Therefore, this study has important guiding significance for energy conservation and emission reduction of marine economy in China. And the green development path of China's marine economy can provide a reference for the development of European blue economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modern society faces a major challenge of environmental protection and achieving sustainable development due to the rapid expansion of the world economy and sustained population growth. This research focuses on the degree of synchronization between marine ecology and the economy. The objective of this study is to address this issue. The aim of this study was to determine the level of synchronization between marine ecology and the economy in nine coastal provinces of China from 2017 to 2022. This study examined the coordination between marine ecology and economy, using sustainable development theory and systems theory. The main focus was on the degree of synchronization between marine ecology and the economy. The study employed the coupling coordination model to evaluate the degree of coordination between marine ecology and economy selected for the study. The study analyzed differences in the degree of coordination and overall trends over time, as well as factors affecting the coordination of marine ecology and the economy. Kernel density and barrier degree models were used for the analysis. Finally, the study examined the key factors that affect the coordination of marine ecology and the economy in these regions using the barrier degree model. The evaluation index for coastal areas decreased from 0.179 to 0.153, indicating a decline in the marine environment. The eastern and southern marine economic circles exhibited a fluctuating upward trend. To enhance coordination between the economy and the ecological environment, this study recommends that coastal provinces prioritize environmental protection, adopt green development principles, increase investment in science and technology, and accelerate the transformation of marine science and technology. • The core focus of this study is on the ocean. More complete dissection of the ocean from land and sea. • Selecting indicators closely related to the ocean. • Constructing an indicator system to study the coordinated development level of the ocean. • Enriched research methods for coordinated development of regional oceans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the big data era, increasing financial support for the marine economy and vigorously developing blue finance have a strong sense of urgency and historical mission, which need a larger macro vision and a more forward-looking strategic layout. Blue finance is related to China's economic and financial security. We must seize the development opportunities of blue finance in the new era and set up a systematic financial thinking of big countries. Only adopting the strategic thinking of innovation and development, can we support the marine economy in the big data era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, due to the rise of emerging marine industries and the state's support for marine technology, many universities in China have added specialties related to marine technology, focusing on cultivating marine technology talents. In contrast, the state does not pay enough attention to the training of marine economic management talents, making such marine talents scarce and the structure of marine talents unbalanced.This paper analyzes the current situation and reasons of the imbalance between supply and demand of marine economic management talents in China, and puts forward specific countermeasures and suggestions on how to develop the marine economy and give play to the subjective initiative of marine technology and marine economic management talents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of the ''Belt and Road'' strategy is an important strategic support for building a new regional opening pattern. It has important strategic significance for cultivating new industries along the line and developing new space for the development of the marine economy. All relevant coastal cities should actively use the development strategy of this country in the new era and actively promote the upgrading and transformation of the marine economic structure. This paper firstly introduces the opportunities brought by the ''One Belt and One Road'' to the marine industry of China's coastal provinces, and analyzes the main problems existing in the development of marine economic industry in China's coastal provinces. Then, the North Bay is taken as an example to propose the marine industry selection and system construction. Finally, it expounds the path of the adjustment of the marine economic industrial structure of China's coastal provinces under the ''Belt and Road Initiative"initiative. It is expected to promote the cooperation and exchange of higher-level marine economy among the countries and regions along the coastal cities of China and the Maritime Silk Road, and promote the development of marine economy in China's coastal cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic characteristics of modern marine finance are the coexistence of policy finance and commercial finance, openness and exclusiveness, and the combination of industry and finance and financial agglomeration complement each other. Modern marine financial instruments include bank loans and credit guarantees, marine funds, corporate bonds and asset acclimatization, financial leasing and marine insurance. At present, China is facing great opportunities to develop marine finance. It is suggested that the Chinese government should support the establishment of marine financial element aggregation zones and promote the rapid rise of China's marine financial industry in the mode of ''three funds, one bank and one think tank''. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The total factor productivity (TFP) of the marine economy loss due to the resource mismatch remains a major obstacle to the development of China's marine economy. This study analyzes the intrinsic mechanism of the four types of capital mismatches, including natural, knowledge, social, and institutional, affecting the TFP of the marine economy. Firstly, the Stochastic Frontier Analysis model is used to obtain the TFP in 11 Chinese coastal provinces from 2000 to 2020. Then the four types of capital are unified into the HK model to study their spatio-temporal characteristics, and the extended Syrquin decomposition is used to analyze the sources of the changes in the marine economic output during the whole study period. At the same time, we estimate the output gap and the contribution of distortionary changes in each type of resource. Finally, we use Bootstrap to measure the impact of each type of resource mismatch on TFP. The results show that ① TFP is on the rise and belongs to the middle level. Nevertheless, there is a slow growth rate, noticeable regional differences, with a specific "path dependence". ② All capitals are distorted, and only the distortion coefficient of natural capital is greater than 1. Spatially, resources are under-allocated in the economic pioneer regions and over-allocated in the latecomer regions. ③ At present, China's marine economic growth is mainly driven by resource inputs. Correcting the inter-regional resource distortion can raise output by 21%. ④ The contribution of knowledge and social capital distortions is positive but small, while institutional and natural capital contribute more but fluctuate sharply. Resource allocation tends to be rationalized in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shandong, and Guangdong. ⑤ The mismatch of natural capital shows an "inverted U-shaped" trend, with 2006 as the "inflection point". The mismatch of knowledge, social, and institutional capital shows a decreasing trend and remains stable. Mismatch of all capitals harms the TFP of the marine economy, and institutional capital mismatch has the greatest impact. This assessment framework can measure the extent of other resource mismatches in other regions of the world, and the results of the study can provide lessons for localities to promote efficient resource allocation and enhance TFP in the marine economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study first constructs an evaluation index system based on the pressure state response model, and assigns weights through entropy method and coefficient of variation method, providing theoretical and methodological support for comprehensive measurement and evaluation. Second, the least squares decision model is introduced and the PVAR model is used to analyze the development level of China's marine economy, ecology, and technological and financial innovation. The results indicated that from 2012 to 2022, the marine economic development level, marine ecological development level, and marine technology and financial innovation development level of 9 coastal provinces in China all showed a certain growth trend. However, in terms of the level of marine ecological development, various provinces had shown a downward trend, with Hebei performing the best, with an average of 0.230. Although various regions have achieved significant development in marine economy, ecology, and technological and financial innovation, the level of development varies among regions, and some regions have relatively low levels of technological innovation. The pressure and challenges between the marine economy and ecological environment protection caused by these real environments remain significant. • Integrating safety state response models into marine economic and ecological development assessments. • Analyzing the impact of technological and financial innovation on marine economy and ecological development. • Emphasizing the synergy between promoting marine economic growth and ecological environment protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Explored the impact mechanisms and interrelationships between industrial agglomeration and high-quality development in the marine sector. • Constructed a five-dimensional evaluation index system for high-quality development of marine economy. • The impact of industrial agglomeration on the green development dimension of the marine economy is time-lagged. • The impact of industrial agglomeration on high-quality economic development in the marine sector shows regional heterogeneity. Although the high-quality development of the marine economy has become a new paradigm to explore sustainable development in China, the path to its realization remains unclear. One path being explored in China is industrial agglomeration, but whether industry clustering leads to high-quality development of the marine economy has not been fully explored. Thus, the impact of industrial agglomeration on the marine economy deserves further investigation. This study first establishes a five-dimensional index system (innovation, coordination, greenness, openness, and inclusivity) to gauge the quality of marine economic development and then applies a hybrid method to evaluate each dimension. Furthermore, from an industry perspective, this study explores the influence mechanism of marine industry agglomeration on the high-quality development of China's marine economy from several dimensions. The results show that (1) different regions have significantly different development levels, and the growth rates vary across each dimension. (2) From a broad standpoint, marine industry clustering has greatly promoted high-quality economic development in four sectors: innovation, coordination, openness, and inclusivity. However, its impact on green development has a time lag. (3) From the perspective of geographical heterogeneity, the impact of industry clustering is insignificant in the Bohai Rim region, positive in the South China Sea region, and negative in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. Our study can enrich the research in this field and provide reference for the development of marine industry and marine economy in coastal areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with the rapid growth of the coastal economy as well as the broadening and deepening of ocean exploration, the extensive growth pattern of China's marine economy led to such problems as more consumption of marine resources, more waste emissions, and the deterioration of the marine ecological system. Therefore, the study of marine economic efficiency has great significance for achieving cleaner production and sustainable development of China's marine economy. Based on the global Malmquist-Luenberger index model, this paper brings undesirable output into the measurement of total factor productivity to evaluate the green efficiency of China's marine economy under environmental constraints. In order to better depict the dynamic nature of marine economic efficiency, eleven coastal regions in China were selected as the objects of this study, with data collected from 2006 to 2014. The results indicate that total factor productivity of China's marine economy without considering undesirable output is markedly higher than that considering it. China's coastal regions differed in the green efficiency of the marine economy. The green efficiency of the marine economy in Tianjin rose the fastest, while in Guangxi it dropped the fastest, and the average annual growth rate varied by 8.18% between the two provinces. Moreover, the green efficiency of the East China Sea Economic Circle is the highest in the three coastal regions followed by the Bohai Economic Rim, while that of the South China Sea Economic Circle is the lowest. The improvement of the green efficiency of China's marine economy mainly stems from technological progress, while the improvement of technical efficiency has little influence on it, sometimes even adversely affecting it. Based on these findings, we discuss the corresponding policy suggestions on the sustainable development of China's marine economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilizing a fixed-effects model and the Difference-in-Differences method, this research delves into the significant impacts of Offshore Wind Power development on China's marine economy, based on data from 2006 to 2019 across 11 coastal provinces. The findings reveal that with each 1 MW (MW) increase in the installed capacity of Offshore Wind Power, the marine output value rises by 58.71 million yuan. Further analysis shows that the Gross Domestic Product of the primary marine industry, encompassing sectors such as fisheries, grows by 4.2 million yuan. Concurrently, the secondary marine industry, which includes marine mining, sea salt, and chemical industries, sees an increase of 42 million yuan. The economic ramifications of Offshore Wind Power development are evident across three stages defined by installation capacity. In the initial stage, with installations below 1767.28 MW, the marine economy thrives. The intermediate stage, marked by capacities between 1767.28 MW and 3634.46 MW, faces challenges, mainly due to the coastal regions' limited capacity for integration. Conversely, the advanced stage, with installations surpassing 3634.46 MW, observes a revival in marine economic growth. Environmentally, the marine ecosystem encounters challenges during the installation phase but improves during the operational phase. Given these insights, it is recommended that China to expedite Offshore Wind Power development, refine its layout, and prioritize environmental conservation throughout its lifecycle. • The development of offshore wind power promotes the growth of China's marine economy. • Offshore wind power has a negative impact on the marine environment during the construction phase. • Offshore wind power will have a positive impact on the marine environment after its operation. • Offshore wind power has a positive impact on fisheries, mining, chemical and education industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a huge impact on marine economic development, air pollution and energy consumption. However, there is a lack of systematic and quantitative assessment of the impact of the pandemic on the impact on marine economic development, air pollution and energy consumption under a unified framework. To fill this knowledge gap, we used panel data of 11 coastal provinces (municipalities directly under the central government or autonomous regions) in China over the period of 2016–2021. We used the Panel Simultaneous Equation Model (PSEM) to study the systematic impact, and adopt the Panel Vector Autoregression Model (PVAR) to describe the dynamic impact. The results show that the COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on marine economic development and energy consumption, but a positive impact on air pollution. The impact on the marine economy and air pollution follows a trend of increasing, then decreasing, and eventually stabilizing, while the impact on the energy consumption shows a trend of initially decreasing, then increasing, and eventually stabilizing. The study provides valuable policy recommendations for the countries around the world to mitigate the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, promote marine economic development, control air pollution and stabilize energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the correlation across China’s marine industries and the relationship between marine and land industries in coastal provinces using the Gray Correlation Theory. Our results show an increasing similarity of marine industry structures, a low allocation efficiency of marine resources as well as growing but homogeneous competition between regions. To avoid the problem of “isomorphism” in marine industry, we should focus on policy measures such as optimizing the overall spatial distribution of marine economy, promoting the development of the new marine industry, strengthening the correlation between marine and land industries, building a complementary development pattern for marine economy, expanding new areas for industrial development and fostering new economic growth points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the performance of each coastal area as it develops is the primary task of policy-makers in a marine economy; however, quantitative regional differences in China's marine economy have not been empirically examined. This paper offers a methodological contribution by applying a series of techniques, including the variation coefficient, Gini coefficient, and Theil index decomposition, to illustrate the relative differences among coastal areas. Additionally, the coastal areas of China were divided into two categories to reveal the provincial differences and regional disparities in China's marine economy. The results show that although the numerical economic differences in Gross Ocean Product (GOP) among coastal areas have increased significantly during the 21st century, the gaps among coastal regions have gradually decreased. In addition, China's marine economy presents three levels of regional development (developed, medium-developed, and developing). The results of the Theil index decomposition show that the overall difference in China's marine economy is derived mainly from differences within the three macro marine economic regions; these differences account for more than 95% of the overall difference. Furthermore, the underlying reasons for and driving mechanism of regional differences in China's marine economy can be illuminated in terms of differences in natural resource endowments and geographic locations; industrial agglomeration and diffusion; changes in regional development policy; and foreign investment. These findings offer basic data support and policy recommendations for marine economy management at the national and regional levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Coupled and coordinated relationships of MEESS examined in 11 Chinese regions. • Coupling degree is higher in areas with a higher level of marine ecological systems. • CCD model is beneficial in evaluating interactions between multiple ocean subsystems. For the sustainable development of the ocean, examining the coupled and coordinated relationships of the marine economic-ecological-social system (MEESS) is crucial. In this study, data from 11 coastal regions of China from 2006 to 2020 are utilized to quantify and analyze the MEESS coupling coordination relationships and driving factors using the entropy method, mean squared deviation weighting method, coefficient of variation method, improved coupling coordination degree (CCD), GM (1,1) (grey model), and generalized method of moments (GMM) models. The findings show that (1) the comprehensive level of the MEESS in the study area indicates a steady upward trend. The marine economic system maintains a steady rise, the marine ecological system starts at a high level and grows at a low rate, and the marine social system starts at a low level and grows at a high rate. (2) The coupling degree is higher in areas with a higher comprehensive level of marine ecological systems. (3) As of 2020, six study regions were in the moderate coordination stage. Except for Shanghai, the coupling coordination degree (CCD) in other regions shows a fluctuating upward trend. (4) From 2021 to 2026, the coastal area overall will enter the intermediate coordination stage. Shandong will take the lead in the good coordination stage. (5) In terms of drivers, port activity, financial industry development, and government support significantly affect the CCD. The findings of this study demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the improved CCD model in evaluating the interactions of multiple ocean subsystems. This demonstration can help policymakers tailor marine development planning and provide a new perspective on sustainable marine development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unprecedented global change and governance challenges have led to the rise of increasingly diverse ocean governance subjects, growing ocean exploration capabilities, and newly emerging non-traditional ocean issues. As a rising maritime nation, China is participating in global ocean governance with the strategic goal of building maritime power by implementing the concept of 'Maritime Community with a Shared Future'. On 7–8 May 2023, the Academy of Ocean of China, a top thinktank for marine development research in China, hosted the seminar 'China's Ocean Strategy under the New Vision' in Qingdao, China. The conference brought together more than 100 academics and policymakers from marine-related universities, research institutes, and enterprises to discuss the opportunities and challenges of China's maritime strategy implementation. This meeting gathered insights, reached consensus on issues, and provided think-tank support for future planning and the institutional guarantee of China's marine strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid growth of the global economy and the depletion of land-based resources, the demand for the ocean as a major driver of economic development is increasing. In China, the marine economy has been a significant "blue engine" for national economic growth; hence, it is crucial to evaluate marine economic efficiency to understand China's marine industry's input-output status and development level. Based on 559 independent observations presented in 49 empirical primary studies, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively explore the differences in measurement results and identify the factors influencing marine economic efficiency. The notable results were fourfold. (1) Significant heterogeneity is evident among the findings of the primary studies. Based on the random-effect model, China's overall marine economic efficiency is 0.720, indicating that considerable potential remains for improving economic efficiency in the marine sector. (2) The data types, estimation methods, evaluation indicators, publication types, and publication years of primary studies significantly affect marine economic efficiency estimation results. (3) At the temporal level, marine economic efficiency generally demonstrates an upward trend with the increase in the sample data years. At the spatial level, the marine economic efficiency of the Circum Bohai Sea region is significantly higher than that of the Pan-Pearl River Delta region, whereas it does not significantly differ from the Yangtze River Delta region. (4) The level of marine science and technology, as well as the marine industry structure, exerts a significant positive impact on marine economic efficiency, whereas the gross ocean product negatively impacts marine economic efficiency. Accordingly, the following insights were obtained. In terms of marine economic development policies, policymakers should intensify scientific and technological innovation, balance marine resource use and marine environmental conservation, so that power a shift of the marine economy from resource-dependent growth to the orientation of better quality and benefit. In addition, priority must be given to the synergistic development of coastal regions and marine industry structure optimization and upgrading. Future studies should use long-term panel data, focus on using the parametric stochastic frontier analysis method, and assess negative environmental impacts by constructing a green evaluation index system. • China's overall pooled marine economic efficiency is 0.720. • All study-level attributes can cause heterogeneity in marine economic efficiency. • Marine economic efficiency varies by coastal region and increases over time. • Environmental externalities are crucial for measuring marine economic efficiency. • Technology level and industry structure greatly affect marine economic efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resilience has become an essential aspect of the high-quality development of the marine economy. This study considered multiple combinations of dimensions, including politics, economy, culture, society, ecology, and security, in developing marine economy resilience. Based on the adaptability theory, this study measures the resilience of China's marine economy by constructing an evaluation index system using the three resilience sub-dimensions of resistance, adaptability, and evolution from 2000 to 2020 in 11 Chinese coastal provinces. The evaluation index system also considers social factors such as institution, culture, and history. The new technical methods such as remote sensing interpretation and text analysis are used to obtain one-hand data. We use a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) model to calculate the comprehensive evaluation index and determine the weight of each index using the entropy weight method, analytic hierarchy process, and the least square decision model. Furthermore, based on the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) time path and spatiotemporal transition probability matrix, we analyze the spatiotemporal characteristic evolution characteristics of marine economic resilience. The results reveal that (1) the resilience, resistance, adaptability, and evolution of the marine economy in 11 coastal provinces show an upward trend from 2000 to 2020. (2) The development speed of the resilience level differs in terms of resistance, adaptability, and evolution, but the overall level shows adaptability > evolution > resistance. (3) The analysis of the spatiotemporal interaction characteristics of resilience shows that the overall spatial characteristic of resilience is relatively stable. Therefore, some measurements are suggested to improve marine economic resilience. For example, government formulates marine plans, sea-related enterprises assume social responsibilities, and individuals actively participate in marine governance. The evaluation model of marine economic resilience applies to other complex systems with multiple factors. • Assess spatiotemporal characteristics of marine economic resilience. • A new compound asymmetric spatial vector weight matrix is constructed. • A new method explores the spatiotemporal evolution of marine economic resilience. • The evaluation model of resilience is applicable to other complex systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The measurement and evaluation of carbon budget of marine industry is the basis for promoting green and efficient development of marine economy under the goal of carbon neutrality. We constructed a carbon accounting system for the marine industry in Jiangsu Province, and assessed carbon efficiency and neutrality. The results showed that from 2016 to 2020, the total amount of marine carbon sinks in Jiangsu Province were 894.8 to 2773.2 thousand tons, while carbon emissions of major marine industries were 3538.4 to 4350.6 thousand tons. The net emissions of marine industries ranged from 1478.7 to 2906.1 thousand tons. Both of carbon sinks and emissions were significantly increased in this period. In terms of carbon sinks, the offshore wind power accounted for the largest contribution, followed by ecosystem carbon sequestration, and mariculture carbon sequestration was the smallest. In terms of carbon emissions, the marine transportation industry played a dominant role, followed by coastal tourism and marine fisheries, while the marine engineering and construction industry and marine shipping industry accounted for a small proportion. In general, the carbon neutral status showed that marine industry in Jiangsu Province was in carbon deficit from 2016-2020, but the net emissions were decreasing year by year. The net carbon sink efficiency of mariculture in Jiangsu Province was lower than the national level, and carbon efficiency of offshore wind power was stable.

Based on existing grey relational degree models, the grey' relational model based on radian perspective (GRARP) is firstly proposed. Time series is expressed as the form of piecewise function based on the thought of piecewise linear representation (PLR). The algorithm of grey' relational coefficient and grey relational degree are shown in this paper, as well as the property of this model. Considering the similarity> of the relative change trend of time series, GRARP model has the characters of symmetry, uniqueness, comparability, and normativity, etc. When it is applied to research the influencing factors of strategic marine emerging industries, the empirical results show that education, investment, and marine technology have larger relational degree with strategic marine emerging industries. Finally, compared with other traditional relational degree analyses, the effectiveness of GRARP is illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring the coordinated relationship between the marine economy and urban resilience can help improve urban resilience and the quality of the marine economy. Based on panel data from 2010 to 2019 in 20 major coastal cities in China, we adopted the entropy method, coupling harmonious degree model, and Theil index to measure and calculate the interval index differences in the marine economic quality and urban resilience level. Coordination between the marine economy and urban resilience was also calculated. First, we found that the quality level of the marine economy climbed in waves, forming a spatial distribution pattern that was highest in the Circum–Bohai Sea Region, followed by the Yangtze River Delta Region and the Pearl River Delta Region, and lowest in the Urban Agglomeration in the West Coast, and the gap between regions gradually narrowed. Second, the level of urban resilience gradually increased, and the regional differences varied greatly among cities, exhibiting a spatial distribution pattern that was high in the center and low in the surrounding area. Third, the coordination between the marine economy and urban resilience steadily increased, forming a spatial distribution pattern that was high in the Circum–Bohai Sea Region and Yangtze River Delta Region, and low in the Pearl River Delta Region and Urban Agglomeration in the West Coast. Fourth, the coordination gap between the regional and intra-regional marine economy and urban resilience was reduced, and the coordination between regional marine economy and urban resilience changed from two-level differentiation to diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Li, J.; Zhang, J.; Gong, L., and Miao, P., 2015. Research on the total factor productivity and decomposition of Chinese coastal marine economy: based on DEA-Malmquist index. Based on DEA-Malmquist index method, this paper analyzes the total factor productivity of 11 Chinese coastal cities' marine economy during the period of '11th five-year plan' and it comparatively analyzes the regional differences of economic efficiency in these areas. The results show the overall level of marine economy development efficiency of China's coastal cities is not high. According to the TFP decomposition, most regions have got reasonable urban resource allocation. Technology progress is the major force for developing marine economy. In regions which have got unreasonable resource allocation, with the decomposition of efficiency changing value, it shows that pure technical efficiency is the main reason of causing the change of low efficiency. What's more, scale efficiency develops either too fast or too slow. When government regulates and controls the development of marine economy, large hysteresis exists in policy guidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the needs of Liaoning province marine economic operation monitoring and evaluation system for capacity building in this paper, it proposes the concept of marine economy operation monitoring and evaluation system, and introduces the system construction content and its architecture, and discusses the key issues on the monitoring index system, evaluation index system, mechanism construction and system implementation. It will help to improve the Liaoning marine economic statistical informatization level and promote the innovation of marine economy in Liaoning, and expect to provide reference for the system construction of other coastal provinces' provincial marine economy operation monitoring and evaluation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the evolution of Chinese marine economic development policy and the characteristics of regional differentiation in the coastal regions. The contributions of the elements of the marine economy to regional economic growth in China are deduced by using a multi-factor production function model with a constant elasticity of substitution. The results indicate that the contribution of the Chinese marine economy to the national economy increased from 6.46% to 13.83% between 2000 and 2011, and the average annual growth rate during that same period was 7.17%. This contribution mainly resulted from marine capital's contribution to the national economy, which amounted to roughly two-thirds of the marine economy's contribution to the national economy. With respect to regional differentiation, the contributions of the marine economy to the regional economies in China are ranked by region from greatest to least as follows: the Circum-Bohai Sea Region, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta region. Finally, Liaoning's marine economy made the largest contribution to the national economy from 2000 to 2011. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The current study analyzes the competitiveness of marine economies in provinces/districts along the eastern coast of China. The current work reviewed the development of marine economy in China over the past decade, and analyzed strategies of each regional economy regarding natural resource endowment and policy priorities in five major coastal provinces of China. Through comparative study of local marine policies and industrial priorities, it is found that the Chinese marine economy is largely oriented towards heavy industry. Local governments focus on land reclamation and often neglect environment protection, which resulted in similar dysfunctional structures of regional industrial policies in these provinces. Based on these findings several policy suggestions are proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The last 30 years have seen an international recognition by both academics and governments of the need to measure the marine economy. However both the barriers of history and communication have led to a lack of recognition of the steps taken in China to measure its marine economy. Statistics on the marine economy are an important foundation for achieving rationally based development and efficient management of the marine economy. This paper explains developments in the Chinese marine economic statistical system over the past 20 years in an all-round and systematic way and summarizes the developmental features. Data gathering has gone from dispersed efforts to a concentrated approach, increasing from partial coverage of industry categories to comprehensive statistics and transitioning to more institutionalized management of marine economic statistics. The practical significance of these developments is an improved national data set for the marine economy and policy makers that will develop in the future. Annual Statistical Yearbooks are available in English and enable researchers outside China to access statistical data on one of the world''s largest marine economies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The significant impact of the ocean on transportation, environment and urban development has constantly attracted the attention of governments in recent years. In general, the marine economy may have different influence on the different industries or regions in different sea-based countries. However, the prevailing public view in China is that only coastal cities are concerned with the marine economy and ocean policy. This view has also been shared by a large number of existing studies. In this work, the relationship between urban economic performance and ocean attention from the perspective of marine news is explored for the first time. More than 18,196 pieces of marine news related to 366 Chinese cities from 2001 to 2019 are collected from Baidu, and then analyzed by using the latent Dirichlet allocation model and multivariate clustering method. The high-income household ratio was adopted to quantitatively evaluate the clustering results. Qualitative and quantitative analysis results show that (i) urban economic performance is roughly positively correlated to ocean attention; (ii) the clustering results are basically in line with the type and development status of these Chinese cities, with a few exceptions; (iii) the influence of marine economy on urban development is extending from the coastal zone to inland in China. • The relationship between Chinese urban development and ocean attention from the perspective of marine news is explored for the first time. • Empirical results in 366 cities in China verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. • The method may open up a new and practical way to investigate the range of influence of ocean policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paying attention to the mechanisms of the GTFP of the marine economy and designing a scientific and reasonable optimization path are the keys to achieving a "win-win" balance between environmental protection and high-quality marine development. Therefore, this paper considers the rigid constraints of resources and negative environmental effects to construct a multi-factor evaluation model of the GTFP of the marine economy including capital, labor, and resources to expand the evaluation method system for the sustainable development of the marine economy. On this basis, this paper determines the influencing factors of the GTFP of China's marine economy, qualitatively analyzes the mechanism of each influencing factor on the GTFP of the marine economy, uses multi-dimensional data of coastal areas, quantitatively analyzes the direct and indirect effects of the factors that influence the GTFP , and proposes practical optimization paths and safeguarding measures, which provide a decision-making reference for the implementation of China's marine development strategy. The results showed that the GTFP of China's marine economy was in a state of improvement and increased from 0.9878 in 2006 to 1.2789 in 2018. The direct effects of environmental regulations have a negative and significant impact on GTFP , whereas economic development, human capital, and technological innovations have a positive and significant impact on GTFP . In addition, environmental regulations have an "inclined N" double-threshold effect on GTFP . The impact of environmental regulations on the GTFP of the marine economy depends on the intensity of the environmental regulations, as different intensities of environmental regulations have different dominant levels of the "innovation compensation effect" and "offset effect" that affect the GTFP of the marine economy.

The sustainable development of the marine economy has drawn increasing attention from all the countries of the world. This paper proposes a marine ecological carrying capacity framework that uses the AHP-entropy based TOPSIS method to carry out a multi-angle evaluation of marine ecological carrying capacity. Using the data from Shandong province in China between 2008 and 2017, the dynamic analysis is undertaken. The results showed that the carrying capacity in Shandong province presented a varying trend between 2008 and 2017. Specifically, it declined from 2008 to 2012, with the index value falling from 0.52 to 0.34. From 2013, the carrying capacity gradually increased; nonetheless, the overall value was still at a low level before 2015. The marine ecological carrying capacity increased rapidly in the last two years and reached its optimum (0.53) in 2017. Further investigation found that population growth, increased number of tourists, and industrial pollution were the leading causes of declining carrying capacity. These findings provide valuable insights into the study of carrying capacity and policy implications for achieving sustainable development in the marine sector. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the destruction of the marine ecological environment and the imbalance of economic structure have put forward urgent requirements for the green development of the marine economy. Based on the input and output data of China's coastal provinces from 2006 to 2018, the RDM (range directional model) direction distance function was used to measure the output bias technology progress (OBTC) index of each region, and its influence on China's marine economy green total factor productivity (GTFP) was judged accordingly. Furthermore, the rationality of the current OBTC index was studied. The results show that there is obvious output-biased technological progress in China's marine economy, and it has led to the improvement of the GTFP. Although most coastal areas still tend to pursue the improvement of the total output value of the marine economy at the expense of environmental damage, the green bias of China's marine economy has improved significantly since 2015, driven by relevant marine environmental protection policies. From the perspective of different areas, the imbalance of regional development in the process of China's marine economic development is significant. The green bias of the marine economy is highest in the East China Sea area and lowest in the Bohai rim area. However, the coordination between the development of the green marine economy and environmental protection in the South China Sea area needs to be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring the interaction between marine economic resilience and efficiency, and the associated resilience policies, provides an important scientific reference for sustainable development of China's marine economy. This study uses the core variable method and the slacks-based measure of super-efficiency to measure the resilience and efficiency of the marine economy, respectively, for 11 coastal provinces in China from 2007 to 2019. The Haken model is used to describe the synergistic evolution of resilience and efficiency, and the government's policy response is considered. The main results are as follows. (1) Marine economic efficiency dominates the synergistic development of the system; however, the effect of resilience becomes increasingly prominent as the quality of China's marine economy increases. (2) A significant spatio-temporal difference is observed in the synergistic evolution of marine economic resilience and efficiency. Moreover, a pattern of polarization still exists, inter-regional cooperation is insufficient, and the resilience-efficiency relationship tends to evolve from the primary to advanced stage and from single polarization to multi-polarization. (3) The dynamic effects of marine economic resilience and efficiency exhibit fluctuating characteristics, which indicates that endogenous growth of China's marine economy is insufficient. Thus, there is an urgent need to build a diversified industrial system under the existing industrial foundation and technological level to strengthen economic resilience and promote sustainable development of the marine economy. (4) A policy response mechanism should be constructed that focuses on resilience policy and explores policy interactions from the three aspects of the marine industry, marine cultural environment, and marine governance. Such a policy framework would provide theoretical and practical support for building marine economic resilience. • China's marine economic resilience fluctuates greatly and varies regionally. • Efficiency is the order parameter of the synergistic evolution system. • Synergistic development of resilience and efficiency is low and varies regionally. • China should construct a policy framework of marine economy resilience. • The policy response should combine marine industry, culture, and governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

He, H.; Hong, Y.-Y.; Lin, S.-Y., and Liu, W.-W., 2019. Marine financial development and China's marine economic strategy. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 585–588. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The basic characteristics of modern marine finance are the coexistence of policy finance and commercial finance, openness and exclusiveness, and the combination of industry and finance and financial agglomeration complement each other. Modern marine financial instruments include bank loans and credit guarantees, marine funds, corporate bonds and asset acclimatization, financial leasing and marine insurance. At present, China is facing great opportunities to develop marine finance. It is suggested that the Chinese government should support the establishment of marine financial element aggregation zones and promote the rapid rise of China's marine financial industry in the mode of "three funds, one bank and one think tank". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tian, M.-W.; Yan, S.-R.; Tian, X.-X.; Zeng, X.-M., and Xie, C., 2019. Financial support to marine economy in the big data era. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R.(eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 609–612. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. In the big data era, increasing financial support for the marine economy and vigorously developing blue finance have a strong sense of urgency and historical mission, which need a larger macro vision and a more forward-looking strategic layout. Blue finance is related to China's economic and financial security. We must seize the development opportunities of blue finance in the new era and set up a systematic financial thinking of big countries. Only adopting the strategic thinking of innovation and development, can we support the marine economy in the big data era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zhang, F.-F. and Ji, M., 2019. Adjustment path of marine economic industrial structure in China's coastal provinces under the 'belt and road' initiative. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 593–596. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The implementation of the "Belt and Road" strategy is an important strategic support for building a new regional opening pattern. It has important strategic significance for cultivating new industries along the line and developing new space for the development of the marine economy. All relevant coastal cities should actively use the development strategy of this country in the new era and actively promote the upgrading and transformation of the marine economic structure. This paper firstly introduces the opportunities brought by the "One Belt and One Road" to the marine industry of China's coastal provinces, and analyzes the main problems existing in the development of marine economic industry in China's coastal provinces. Then, the North Bay is taken as an example to propose the marine industry selection and system construction. Finally, it expounds the path of the adjustment of the marine economic industrial structure of China's coastal provinces under the "Belt and Road Initiative"initiative. It is expected to promote the cooperation and exchange of higher-level marine economy among the countries and regions along the coastal cities of China and the Maritime Silk Road, and promote the development of marine economy in China's coastal cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Li, W.-Y., 2019. Interaction mode of marine economic management talents cultivation and marine industry. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 577–580. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. In recent years, due to the rise of emerging marine industries and the state's support for marine technology, many universities in China have added specialties related to marine technology, focusing on cultivating marine technology talents. In contrast, the state does not pay enough attention to the training of marine economic management talents, making such marine talents scarce and the structure of marine talents unbalanced.This paper analyzes the current situation and reasons of the imbalance between supply and demand of marine economic management talents in China, and puts forward specific countermeasures and suggestions on how to develop the marine economy and give play to the subjective initiative of marine technology and marine economic management talents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of a high-quality marine economy. The Ministry of Natural Resources issued the opinions on promoting the high-quality development of the marine economy, which pointed out that technology innovation should play a leading role in the high-quality development of the marine economy. In this paper, we use a comprehensive weight model including the entropy method and the best-worst method (BWM) to measure the level of marine technology innovation in China's coastal regions from 2006 to 2016. Then, we use the threshold regression model to examine the role of marine technology innovation in the high-quality development of the marine economy. The results show that there is a nonlinear relationship between marine technology innovation and high-quality development of the marine economy. Furthermore, we find that when the level of marine technology innovation exceeds a certain threshold, its promotion effect of the high-quality development of the marine economy gradually weakens. Finally, we analyze the reasons for the above findings and discuss the corresponding policy suggestions. • A comprehensive weight model is used to calculate the marine technology innovation index in China's coastal regions. • The SBM-Undesirable model and SuperSBM-Undesirable model are used to calculate the growth of the GTFP of the marine economy. • The growth of GTFP of the marine economy is used to represent the high-quality development level of the marine economy. • The nonlinear relationship between marine technology innovation and the growth of GTFP of the marine economy is examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As marine economy has entered a new normal, the transformation and upgrading of marine economy has reached a crossroads in coastal regions, and there is an urgent need to change the development mode and the growth momentum of marine economy. Exploring reasonable environmental regulation means and appropriate environmental regulation intensity to promote green technological innovation and lead the transformation of marine economy is the only way for China's marine sustainable development in the future. Through theoretical analysis and empirical tests, this study examines the influential mechanisms of environmental regulation and technological innovation on GTFP of marine economy to provide a theoretical basis for local government and enterprises to make decisions under environmental regulation. The empirical process adopts a direct effect, an intermediary effect, and a threshold effect model based on panel data from 11 provinces and cities in China's coastal regions. The results show that China's marine environmental regulation is still in its initial stage, which is not conducive to the improvement of GTFP of marine economy. Technological innovation plays an intermediary role between environmental regulation and GTFP of marine economy, but the intermediary effect is very small-only 0.0920, so there is still significant room to improve. During the sample period, taking marine technological innovation as the threshold variable, environmental regulation has significant double threshold effect of technological innovation on GTFP of marine economy. Different levels of technological innovation decide which effect, either the "offset effect" or the "compensation effect" dominates. Finally, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations. • This study constructs a PSR analysis framework of marine economy in China. • ER can affect GTFP of marine economy in direct and indirect path. • TECH plays a intermediary role between ER and GTFP of marine economy. • ER has significant double threshold effect of TECH on GTFP of marine economy. • Whether "offset effect" or "compensation effect" dominates depends on TECH level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 14th five-year plan emphasizes the importance of marine ecology and environmental protection, and the green concept is incorporated into the high-quality development system of the marine economy. This research used the data of 11 coastal provinces and cities in China from 2006 to 2016, based on the super-efficiency slack-based measure model and global Malmquist index model. The objective was to calculate the green total factor productivity (GTFP) of the marine economy, to study the impact of the evolution of the marine industrial structure on marine economic GTFP. The study found the following: (1) in general, the upgrade of marine industrial structure promoted the growth of marine economic GTFP and presented an inverted "U" trend of initially promoting and then suppressing. Spatially, only the advancement and rationalization of industrial structure in the Yellow and Bohai Sea regions inhibited the growth of marine economic GTFP. In terms of time, the advanced marine industrial structure promoted the growth of GTFP from 2006 to 2010, whereas that of industrial structure inhibited the growth of GTFP from 2011 to 2016. (2) The GTFP of the marine economy showed an increasing trend, but the conversion rate of production technology is low. Falling into the "efficiency trap" of highly advanced technology input and low-efficiency technology output should be avoided. (3) Affected by the mismatch of regional resources or industrial structure, government intervention showed an "opposite" mechanism in areas with different marine economic strengths. Government intervention in areas with higher marine economic strength was conducive to GTFP growth, whereas government intervention in areas with weaker marine economic strength would hinder GTFP growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]