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The present manuscript describes a case study on the viewpoints of tourism stakeholders on the effect of waste management on a destination′s image. In particular, the study aims to analyze the problems that arose during the summer of 2018 in the touristic image of Corfu because of the waste management on the island. The qualitative method approach through interviews was used to collect the primary data of the survey; online sources were used to collect data to review similar cases. All the stakeholders agree that waste management during the summer of 2018 negatively affected the image of Corfu as a touristic destination. Moreover, based on the interviews′ findings, there is a lack of political will, infrastructure, and information provision from the local authorities on the island of Corfu. Interviews also indicated that an integrated solution to the problem of waste management on the island is the implementation of source separation in households and tourism-related firms with the support of the local authorities. The contribution of this paper is towards identifying the effect that waste management has on the image of a tourist destination. It is the first of its kind conducted in Greece and among the few reported in the literature focusing on the viewpoints of service providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Public History" (also referred to as Popular History and Applied History) has emerged at the forefront of historical science in the past 20-30 years. Public History is comprised of all the resources not included in the field of official academic history, such as websites and weblogs, broadcasts and discussions on television with historical content, social networking discussions about the past, the viewpoint of the ordinary citizen, but also museums, historical sites, literature, cinema, theater, etc. All these compose a "different" history, a history from the base, which in many cases comes into conflict with the history of historians, while in others it follows and adopts their own methods, tools and their own conclusions. In any case, Public History, like the academic one, seems to aim at exploiting the past through its interpretative approach. The crucial matter now is how the official historiography and its representatives should deal with this "new face of history". This paper presents some aspects of the international discussion about the issue, as well as some proposals, aiming at a smooth cohabitation of all "partners" in the field of science of History. In addition, as a case study for Public History, the paper presents some results of a survey that took place in Corfu town on one of the most sensitive and controversial issues among the citizens of Corfu: the presence of the full-body relics of Saint Spyridon in the town of Corfu over the last 450 years and, more importantly, the related discussion of the intervention of "divine providence" as historical explanation in Public History. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to examine brand-naming decisions, along with other management decisions that affect tourist experiences, such as visitor tours and souvenir appropriation, in the context of a microbrewery located on a Greek island that remains heavily dependent upon tourism. Design/methodology/approach: Data were gathered from in-depth interviews with the microbrewery's owner and senior management team to offer rich insights into the issues under investigation. Findings: Findings stress the importance of the meanings that can be conveyed through brand names, including those that indicate authenticity of the brand's origin, filling previously identified gaps in the literature on country of origin (COO) with regard to fast-consuming goods and low-involvement products such as beer, and exploring the issue of experiential consumption of beer as part of the tourists' vacation experience. Research limitations/implications: Data were gathered from only a single company, and although highlighting important managerial decisions regarding brand naming, further research could be widened to other companies and other industries, and could explore these issues from the tourists own perspective rather than solely from a managerial perspective. Practical implications: Results may offer insights for local producers, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises, whose markets serve both domestic and tourist consumers. Originality/value: This research furthers knowledge into gaps on a range of issues arising in the literature that have hitherto not been previously linked, specifically: product COO/brand origin, cultural consumption of beverages and sense of place, issues of authenticity, souvenirs and experiential consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This virtual special issue of ENERGY features 35 top-notch selected extended papers, which were showcased at the CORFU 2022 9th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management (https://corfu2022.uest.gr) in Corfu Island, Greece from June 15th to 18th, 2022. This special issue of Energy focuses on the cutting-edge research on waste-to-energy (WtE) in the circular economy, greenhouse gas reduction, and sustainable waste management systems that generate energy. This editorial paper provides a brief overview of the key methodologies, discoveries, and future horizons within the 35 selected papers. The contributions in this special issue are divided into five categories: 1) biofuels and biopower; 2) municipal waste management; 3) emerging resource utilization techniques; 4) current research of waste-to-energy for circular economy; and 5) advancements in waste-to-energy technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prominence of the island city of Corcyra in Thucydides’ history of the Peloponnesian War presents a puzzle. It appears in the opening of the work in a conflict with its mother city Corinth (1.24–31), after which representatives of both Corinth and Corcyra deliver speeches at Athens (1.32–44). Further conflict between the two cities follows, with Athens supporting Corcyra (1.45–55). Later on, Thucydides depicts two unusually graphic episodes of stasis at Corcyra (3.70–85, 4.46–8). This prominence is surprising, given that the historian himself explicitly states that the initial set of events involving the island does not in fact represent the beginning of the war (1.66.1), and that the Corcyrean stasis is not the first in the war, and that, as has been often observed, it is not even particularly remarkable or influential in it. In what follows, I seek to clarify Thucydides’ use of the island first by exploring ancient views of Corcyra's ‘predecessor’, Homer's Phaeacia, and by arguing that perceptions of the mythical place mirror and reinforce beliefs about its successor Corcyra. An interpretation of Phaeacia as a representative of excess luxury, weakness and friendlessness requires an aggressive reading of Homer. As Rose and others have made clear, however, this position is defensible even if not all readers may choose to accede to it. A significant strand of ancient opinion seems to have adopted a similar attitude as well, perhaps projecting a fifth-century prejudice identified by Rusten back onto Corcyra's Homeric forerunner. In the second part of this paper, I argue that this background influences Thucydides’ presentation of Corcyra, and that the historian emphasizes the story of the island in order to illustrate a pattern of extravagant wealth followed by civic collapse that would have been readily recognizable to an ancient audience. The fact that Thucydides’ Corcyra-story traces all the stages of this process, from a nod to Homeric opulence through pre-war selfishness to wartime collapse, effectively explains his conspicuous use of the city. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper presents the British colonial health policy concerning the case of vaccination against smallpox in the Ionian Islands (1815-1864). The study was based on the registers of the Executive Police Archives during the mass vaccination which was conducted in Corfu in 1852. The archival material provides information about the number of people vaccinated and their sex, age and nationality, the year of the last vaccination and the last year that people "had smallpox". One of the most important items of information is if the vaccinated people had "had smallpox" during the most recent epidemic of smallpox. The findings of the analysis of the registers were combined with the concurrent data of the anti-British press about the extensive epidemic in Corfu in 1852. The unedited archival material and the final findings provide a new dimension to the medical and historical data generally known until now, showing the unprecedented negligence and inefficiency of the health model in that era, which was applied as a part of the British colonial policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper closely examines Thucydides' presentation of three naval battles fought in the Corinthian Gulf and the battle of Sybota off north-west Greece, in order to show how his version of the action does not just stress the pervasive impression of Athenian dominance and downplay the Peloponnesian performance, but extends to characterising the Corinthian fleet in a surprisingly negative way. In the first battle he claims that they were ignorant of the local weather patterns, in the second of the underwater hazards, and after the third that 'The Corinthians believed they were victors if they were only just defeated'. His account of the earlier battle off Corcyra is similarly flawed, since by focussing on the participants' treaty obligations he fails to bring out the significance of the Corinthian naval victory for the history of Greek warfare. The reader of The Peloponnesian War is encouraged not to question Thucydides' disparaging record of the Corinthian navy, as it reinforces his focus on a bipartite contest between Athens and Sparta. However, a case is made here for a more positive assessment of Corinthian involvement in the modified design of the trireme and the revision of naval tactics in the late fifth century BC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to examine Jewish entrepreneurship in Corfu in the first half of the sixteenth century, a transitional period in the history of Jews in the Venetian state, which coincides with the beginning of their establishment in the Levant following their expulsion from the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, and the Kingdom of Naples. The main issues of my analysis are the make-up of the Jewish entrepreneurial group in Corfu, the main sectors of the economy in which they were involved, and the differences identified in their entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entomopathogenic nematodes are considered as potential biocontrol agents of major insect pests of cultivated crops. The lepidopteron pests such as Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura as well as few coleopterans like Myllocerus spp. and Holotricha sp. are effectively managed by entomopathogenic nematodes. An in vitro experiment was conducted to enhance the efficacy of Heterorhabditis indica using physical stressors. Physical stressors viz., dry heat, hot water and UV radiation exposure were used in this experiment. These stressors were imposed on final instar larvae of rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica. The results showed that exposure of C. cephalonica larvae to 35°C dry heat for 10 minutes increased the infection rate to an extend of 10 per cent more compared to control. The infection rate of H. indica was also influenced by exposure of insect larvae to hot water. Out of four temperatures tested, immersion of insect larvae in hot water at 40°C for 10 minutes showed an increase in infection rate (51% increase over control). There was no significant influence on infectivity rate of H.indica due to UV radiation exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Workshop of Working Group 6 of the Comite Internationale de Photogramme trie Architecturale (CIPA) entitled Scanning for Cultural Heritage Recording was held on September 1 and 2, 2002 on the island of Corfu, Greece. The workshop was stimulated by the 18th International Symposium of CIPA held in Potsdam, Germany during September 2001, at which a large number of papers on the subject of laser scanning for heritage recording were presented. The workshop was attended by over 70 delegates with representatives from several international organisations, from governmental and educational establishments and from respected international companies eager to demonstrate the capabilities of their products. Wolfgang Boehler, convenor of the workshop and joint chairman of CIPA WG 6, opened the proceedings together with the president of ISPRS Commission V, Petros Patias. Boehler also began the first session on instruments and methods with an excellent overview summarising the techniques and components within a 3-dimensional scanning system. The need for the combination of scanning and photogrammetry was echoed throughout the two days. Projects ranged from approaches using photogrammetry and laser scanning to record ancient sites, jointly presented by E. Borg and J. Cannataci to the documentation of life-sized metal statues as discussed by G. Heinz from Germany.

Corfu Island (Greece) is located in the northern Ionian Sea and exhibits unique and diverse marine coastal habitats suitable for high-diversity assemblages such as shallow-water foraminifera. The island also lies near the current range expansion front of the invasive species Amphisteginalobifera. We analyzed the foraminiferal assemblages of 51 samples from 25 sites around the island, calculated diversity indices, and analyzed the community structures of foraminiferal assemblages in comparison to local environmental variables. In addition to that, using the spatial structure or relative abundances, we evaluated the effect of A. lobifera on the species richness of all benthic foraminifera and habitat-specific groups. With 200 benthic foraminiferal species found, the high species richness and other diversity indices indicate Corfu as an area of high diversity. The main ecological drivers for the assemblage compositions were water depth, sediment texture, and habitat (especially vegetation), resulting in three main assemblage clusters around the island: (1) sandy or rocky, shallow-water areas from the south and west; (2) deeper areas from the west; and (3) rocky, vegetated areas of variable depths from the northwest and northeastern parts of the island. Our analyses suggest that the invasive species A. lobifera affects local diversity of the foraminiferal assemblage and that these effects become apparent when the invasive species accounts for more than 10 %–20 % of the total abundance. We also observed significant negative correlations with sessile epiphytes and smaller miliolids. Both groups share similar microhabitats with A. lobifera and might be outcompeted, which is probably further facilitated by ongoing ocean warming. However, other warm-affiliated taxa (e.g., other symbiont-bearing species) initially show a positive correlation with the increasing presence of A. lobifera until the latter exceeds 20 %. We expect that A. lobifera and other warm-adapted species will play an increasing role in shaping future biodiversity and assemblage composition in this area, a feature that supports the prognosed tropicalization of the Mediterranean Sea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the 8th International Conference on Computer Ethics (CEPE) sponsored by the International Society for Ethics and Information Technology (INSEIT) held in June 2009 in Corfu, Greece. Topics discussed at the conference include privacy as a theme in computer ethics, specific technologies and applications, and the role of computer ethics in video games and artificial intelligence. The conference featured several philosophers including James Moor and Deborah Johnson.

Internet of Things (IoT) appliances, especially those realized through wireless sensor networks (WSNs), have been a dominant subject for heavy research in the environmental and agricultural sectors. To address the ever-increasing demands for real-time monitoring and sufficiently handle the growing volumes of raw data, the cloud/fog computing paradigm is deemed a highly promising solution. This paper presents a WSN-based IoT system that seamlessly integrates all aforementioned technologies, having at its core the cloud/fog hybrid network architecture. The system was intensively validated using a demo prototype in the Ionian University facilities, focusing on response time, an important metric of future smart applications. Further, the developed prototype is able to autonomously adjust its sensing behavior based on the criticality of the prevailing environmental conditions, regarding one of the most notable climate hazards, wildfires. Extensive experimentation verified its efficiency and reported on its alertness and highly conforming characteristics considering the use-case scenario of Corfu Island's 2019 fire risk severity. In all presented cases, it is shown that through fog leveraging it is feasible to contrive significant delay reduction, with high precision and throughput, whilst controlling the energy consumption levels. Finally, a user-driven web interface is highlighted to accompany the system; it is capable of augmenting the data curation and visualization, and offering real-time wildfire risk forecasting based on Chandler's burning index scoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper examines the willingness of hoteliers, in Corfu Island of Greece, to invest in proactive energy management practices and environmental management systems to address energy problems. Three binary logistic regression models were estimated to identify those variables that affect hoteliers’ willingness to install solar water heaters, air condition inverter and to adopt EMS. It is reported that in the hotel sector there is place for energy and management improvements. This can be achieved if specific information and fiscal incentives are applied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of International Journal of Maritime History is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the study was to assess effects of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) and garlic (Allium sativum) extracts on cow teat sanitization and raw milk pathogenic bacteria. Cactus and garlic extracts have antimicrobial properties that are sourced from their micronutrients and secondary metabolites. Antimicrobial strength of cactus (Tormentosa, Meyers, and Corfu), and garlic extracts were compared against a pre-milking commercial teat dip (Biocell).A double Latin square design with six mid-lactating Holstein cows was used. The study found that cactus and garlic extracts inhibit Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).Moreover, Tormentosa and garlic extracts were most effective bacteria inhibitors at 1.56 mg/mL and 3.125 mg/mL respectively. As a result, commercial dip and Tormentosa and garlic extracts were tested as pre-milking teat sanitizers during summer and autumn. Summer results showed bacteria reduction ranging from 55-58% for garlic, 29-43% for Tormentosa and 33-59% for Biocell. Autumn bacteria count varied widely. Milk bacteria count also declined. Overall, garlic was the most effective in reducing milk and teat bacteria, while cactus was effective over time. Biocell results varied and this provides for consideration to utilize cactus and garlic extracts as pre-milking teat dip to combat pathogenic bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Potamon fluviatile is one of four freshwater crabs to be found in the Balkan Peninsula. It was previously recorded from a north-western locality in Corfu during 1977. This paper reports a second site for this species, in the southern half of the island, and discusses the general prognosis for the continued presence of this and other freshwater crabs in habitats across their natural range in the Mediterranean region. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Foraminiferal propagule banks occur in fine sediment fractions that contain small individuals of benthic foraminifera. These sediments include locally sourced juveniles and propagules, as well as allochthonous propagules that have dispersed from surrounding areas. Such propagules can remain viable even under unfavorable local conditions. When exposed to more favorable conditions, they may grow to adult stages. Accordingly, during environmental changes, propagule banks have the potential to function as species pools and allow quick assemblage reactions. The propagule method was designed to study responses of foraminiferal assemblages by exposing propagule banks to controlled conditions in the laboratory, an approach that is applicable to a variety of ecological questions. Therefore it is important to understand the nature and dynamics of propagule banks, including local and seasonal influences. To obtain insights into the composition of local propagule banks, we studied experimentally grown assemblages from two shallow-water lagoons on Corfu Island in western Greece, and compared the results with in situ assemblages. We sampled in spring and autumn of 2017 and experimental treatments included the use of different substrates in our experiments to account for potential effects on assemblage compositions. Results revealed that sediments from each lagoon contained a distinct propagule bank. We found abundant allochthonous taxa among specimens grown in all experimental treatments, indicating dispersal of propagules, and possibly also juveniles, from adjacent regions into both lagoons. The time of sampling had a significant effect on experimental assemblages, indicating that the composition of propagule banks can vary throughout the year. However, no significant differences were found in assemblages grown in different substrata, suggesting a stronger influence of water variables (e.g., temperature or salinity) on assemblage compositions. Moreover, the experimental set-ups favored small, fast-growing, sediment-dwelling species tolerant of relatively high organic content. Our findings highlight the potential of propagule banks as species pools and will help to refine and improve future applications of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effect of modified atmospheres (MAs) containing CO2 at 20, 40, 60 and 80% or containing N2 at 97 and 98% on the mortality of Corcyra cephalonica Stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) sixth instar larvae was studied to determine the LT values at 30 °C. The respiration rates of untreated and treated larvae with 60% CO2 and/or 98% N2 at LT50 were measured using Q-Box RP1LP low range respirometry package. Total protein and triglycerides of treated and untreated larvae were assayed. Complete larval mortality was recorded after 72 and 144 h of treatment with 60% CO2 and 98% N2, respectively. Calculated LT50 values were 39.3 at 60% CO2 and 87.5 h at 98% N2 MAs. Respiration quotient (RQ) in the light of consumed O2 and produced CO2 of untreated larvae was 1.0 while it was 0.85 at 60% CO2 and 0.72 at 98% N2. Duration time necessary for produced CO2 curve to reach the maximum point (2000 ppm) was significantly shorter at untreated larvae (27.64 min) in comparison with that recorded at CO2 (35.48 min) which also significantly less than that obtained at N2 (98.54 min). At all treatments, total protein was decreased while triglycerides were increased in comparison with control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New geomorphological investigations along the coasts of Corfu, Othonoi, Paxoi, and Antipaxoi Islands allowed the identification of recent fossil shorelines. Former sea-level positions were deduced from sea-level indicators. A ‘modern’ tidal notch, submerged c. −20 cm, was observed in all studied islands. This notch is regarded to have been submerged by the global sea-level rise that occurred during the 19th and 20th centuries at a rate exceeding the possibilities of intertidal bioerosion. Its presence provides evidence that no vertical tectonic movements occurred since its formation. On Corfu, impacts of ancient earthquakes have left some marks of emergence at about ≥+130 ± 11, +110 ± 11, +65 ± 11, +40 ± 11, and +25 ± 11 cm, as well as marks of submergence at about −40 to −50, −85 ± 11, −120 ± 11, and −180 ± 11 cm. The emergence of +130 ± 11 cm, previously dated at about 790–400 cal. bc, was detected through erosion notches at various sites in the western part of Corfu and appears to continue even more west, at Othonoi Island. Tidal notches submerged at depths exceeding 0.4 m were observed in the northeastern part of the island and suggest the local occurrence of a sequence of four coseismic subsidences, with average vertical displacements of 40 cm, during at least the last few millennia. At Paxoi and Antipaxoi, Holocene vertical movements seem to have been mainly of subsidence. At Paxoi, the ‘modern’ notch was found at about −20 to −30 cm, while four more submerged tidal notches were distinguished at about −40 ± 11, −60 ± 11, −75 ± 11, and −90 ± 11 cm, while in Antipaxoi, three submerged tidal notches were distinguished at about −60 ± 11, −75 ± 11, and −120 ± 11 cm. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]