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The present work is one of the investigations carried out by the Center of Agricultural Mechanization (CEMA) of the Agrarian University of Havana (UNAH), on the evaluation of agricultural groups for the production of food animal, as part of the project "Development of the Technological-Scientific-Educational-Productive Scenario of Cuban Agriculture in the University Farm Guayabal". Its objective was to determine the indicators of operation of the forage chopper RSA/30 during the crumbling of King Grass. A coefficient of use of the time and productivity, in productive time of 0,66 and 18,70 kg/h, respectively, was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Cuba, the sugarcane harvest takes place in the season where there is little rainfall; however sometimes, certain volumes of precipitation occur, which oblige to stop the collection, as a result of the inability of the harvesters and means of transport, on tires, to traffic in conditions of high soil moisture; as in those with poor drainage, which occupy 25% of the cultivated area. For this reason, this work aims to update the harvesting systems in conditions of high soil moisture in various sugarcane producing countries. For this, various bibliographic materials were consulted, such as magazine articles, diploma papers, master's and doctoral thesis. The review carried out showed that the problem of harvesting sugarcane, in conditions of high soil moisture, exists in most of the sugarcane producing countries with a high level of mechanization, for which there are various technical and technological solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Marabú, Dichrostachys cinerea (L.), is identified as an important source of biomass for electricity generation in Cuba, so large quantities are demanded, forcing its harvest mechanization. Its obtained properties under mechanized conditions have not been profundity studied. Objective: To determine elemental composition, proximate analysis, ash content, ash chemical composition and heat value of marabú harvested with the BMH-480 machine with H 600 head as fuel. Materials and Methods: By direct harvesting process observations, the factors that could have the greatest influence on marabú as a fuel, properties, were determined. Harvested marabú corresponding samples were obtained and their properties were determined in several laboratories. Results and Discussion: In the first part of a two articles series, several of the most important properties of mechanically harvested marabú and their dependence with field density and machine cutting height, are presented. Conclusions: Elemental composition, proximate analysis and dry mass combustion specific heat (higher 19,15 MJ/kg and lower 17,85 MJ/kg) were determined. A tendency to increase the heat of combustion with the cutting height was found and ash content mean value varied between 4,07 and 4,45%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research was carried out in the conditions of harvest and repair of "Sierra Maestra", Agricultural Base Business Unit (UEBA) in New Holland L-521, L-624, L-626 rice harvesters, in the daily technical maintenance operations, every 30 h periods, with the objective of estimating their maintainability. Through mathematical analysis, average time of daily and periodic technical maintenance every 30 h was determined. In the research, the estimation of maintainability for real operation conditions is made for the first time. Among the most significant results is that for the harvesters evaluated, the maintainability curve shows that there is between 95.8 and 97% probability that the daily technical maintenance will be carried out in two hours; while in technical maintenance every 30 h the probability is between 74 and7 8% in the same period of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to international experience, grain losses due to poor regulation of the reel have a significant weight (approximately between 33 and 73%) within the total losses attributable to the rice harvesters, being able to reach up to 23% of the total harvested product. The national practice of regulating the windlass during the mechanized harvesting of rice does not include the application of scientific principles that are established internationally in the theory of agricultural machinery. Consequently, it is necessary to carry out studies where these concepts are applied, to perfect the harvesting process, minimizing the losses attributable to poor regulation of this body of work. These conceptual models were applied and computerized programmed. As input data they were taken: the construction, exploitation and regulation parameters of the windlass of the combined Claas-Crop Tiger 30, used in production conditions (Agro industrial Grain Company of Amarillas locality, Matanzas province) and the properties of the harvested crop (Oriza sativa, variety "Reforma"). As a result, it was determined that, most of the requirements for good windmill exploitation are not met. Correction of exploitation and regulation parameters is proposed to minimize the losses attributable to the action of this body of work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of the studies carried out by the Technical Sciences Faculty, the Agricultural Mechanization Center (CEMA) of the Havana Agricultural University (UNAH) and the Animal Science Institute (ICA), on the evaluation of the agricultural machines for the production of animal food, was developed a research with the objective to determine the technological and operation indicators of the modified forage chopper machine MF IIMA model EM-01 of Cuban production. Were determined the indicators of operation, taking in account the balance of time (clean, operative, productive, work shift, and operation), hourly productivity, hourly and specific consumption of the electric power and the coefficient of technological service, and utilization of the productive and operation time. The obtained results of the coefficient of utilization time and the productivity in exploitation time of the modified forage chopper machine MF IIMA model EM-01 is respectively of 0.41 and 0.32 t/h, being influenced fundamentally by the stops linked to the execution of the technological service of the machine (T2) and by the moves in void (T6). Of the descriptive analysis of the productivities obtained for the machine, it was obtained that the coefficient of variation doesn't overcome 21.23%, what is considered acceptable considering the dynamics of the studied technological process. The hour and specific consumption of electric power determined experimentally for this machine was 5.62 kW/h and 17.31 kW/t respectively, being acceptable for this type of technological process, considering the given load and the power of the electric motor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work a study of the state of stress and deformation of the steering system of the new model of Cuban sugarcane harvester CCA-5000 is performed. The curve of variation of the extreme loads acting on the system from the strain experimental evaluation was performed to model sugarcane harvester KTP-23 in an test track, where the dynamic coefficients produced were determined was used in different parts of this. For this study, the Finite Element Method was used. Through linear dynamic analysis was determined the cause of the breakage what happened in hinge system in test technological and operation of the new sugarcane harvester to appear stresses of 212,4 MPa in the same test, being the yield strength of the steel used in manufacture of 210 MPa. The analysis of a new design of this system is performed, getting a safety factor of 2,11; at the same time analyzing frequency modes of both models and the results are compared with the frequencies of the irregularities of the land by where the sugarcane harvester is moved, in order to verify the presence or absence of large amplitude oscillations in the system by the resonance phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The carried out investigation, it presents as objective to expose the obtained results during the validation calculation model of the consumed power for the drum type forage chopper with hand feeding, derived of the physical-mathematics modelation previously carried out of their technological process, taking like base for the experiments the variety sugar cane C323-68, being that of more use in Cuba for the livestock feeding. The physical-mathematics modelation of the process allows the prediction of the power consumption, with errors non superiors to 4,3%, for a feeding angle between 6 and 14o, so much for the useful power as the total, with a level of significance of 1%, for rational values of the moment inertia drum. The rationalization of the moment inertia in the forage chopper machines of national production model MF-IIMA EM-01 produced a decrease in the power consumption between 22 and 23%. Being this modelation a valuable work tool that allows the improvement of the design of this type forage chopper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work has as objective to analyze the causes that influence in the behavior of the content of impurities during the rice harvest under the conditions of work of the Rice Farm "Los Palacios", Pinar del Rio province, Cuba. The content of impurities was evaluated in function of the agricultural yield, the productivity and the humidity of the grain harvested on the part of the New Holland L521 harvester machine and New Holland TC57 harvester machine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work was developed in "Vladimir I. Lenin" Workshop in Camaguey city and agricultural enterprises in Camaguey province. The work objective is to ind the main factors that determine the service live of the NP90 pump and the MP90 hydro-motor in the harvesting machine KTP 2M. Among several factors that determine the hydrostatic-system service live, the most important are: low quality of the repairing work and maintenance, the mechanics and workers qualiication and the lubrication quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is an analysis on the technical and exploitation indicators of the cane harvester machine Case-7000, used in different Agriculture Cooperatives, such as: "Gilberto Aguilar"," Veracruz", "Concordia", "San Carlo # 1" and " Desembarco del Granma". All of them belong to the Sugar Enterprise/Company "Batalla de las Guásimas", Vertientes, Camaguey. This evaluation was made during 29 labor days, 2009, in periods of 12 hours each. So that there was a total of 1152 hours and 15 089, 78 t obtained on the basis of chronometry method. The technical and organizational causes as well as an economical evaluation to analyze their influence on the company production results are described on this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the quality of the mechanical harvest of rice seeds, carried out by the New Holland L521 rice harvester machines, at the Rice Farm "Los Palacios". Their technological parameters were evaluated depending on the quality of the harvested product, taking into account some aspects such as: the entire, peeled and/or broken grain, the impurity content and total losses. This resulted in values of 5,2-6,4% for peeled and/or broken grain in the five agricultural yields. On the other hand, the impurity content was among 8,3-9,6%, so that both parameters exceed the established limits. This is mainly caused by: the bad regulation of thresh, the work speed and the poor training of operators. These results allow decreasing losses. During the harvest losses decreased from 206kg/ha to 85kg/ha which represents an economic effect of $ 316 202.04 pesos. This also permits to stop investing about 184 793.4 USD on rice for our population feeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of an investigation project directed to the improvement of the design of forage chopper, the specific energy was determined during the cut of sugar cane stalks variety C323-68, employee in Cuba so much for the production of sugar like for the forage production in the animal feeding. This physical-mechanical property constitutes an entrance data of outstanding importance for the evaluation of physical-mathematical models that facilitate the calculation of the main designing and operation parameters of the forage chopper. For their determination, an original measurement method for the specific energy is applied during the cut of stalks using high speeds, based on the change of elastic potential energy developing a machine for these purpose, object of Certificate of Author of Invention emitted by the OCPI office, with No. 23 265 and granted by resolution No.67/2008. As a result of the investigation the main statistical parameters that characterize the variability of this property were determined, as well as, the statistic-mathematical models for the specific energy prediction in function of the knife slip angle and cut speed were obtained. The average values obtained for the consumed specific energy, oscillate from 11 080, 7 to 28 905,2 Nm/m², being the smallest consumption for the treatment 6 (τ = 25° and the maximum knife cutting speed of 20,1 m/s) and the highest consumption for the treatment 1 (τ = 25° and minimum knife cutting speed of 12,5 m/s). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increase of the production of the sugar cane in Cuba has become more than an objective a necessity, it is for him that new machines they are introduced for answer to this situation. Having this as the premise and considered the importance that the cultivation of the sugar cane has for the country is that the sugar mill has been chosen «Héctor Molina Riaño» for the influence that in the county Havana has in the results of this cultivation to analyze the results of the means that intervene in the crop and transport of the sugar cane, as well as the conditions of exploitation under those that these that they are developed that what it constitutes the general objective of this work. A methodological base was developed for the analysis of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The frame for mobile equipment's is designed to be never repaired. For the higher level of strength, rigidity and durability of the frame is necessary the use of new calculation techniques during the first design stage. This work deals with the main frame analysis of the Cuban sugar cane combine harvester KTP-2M model, using the Finite Element Method in order to modify the frame assuring the strength and increasing the rigidity in the rear side and using less quantity of metal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work offers an operation and technological analysis of the Cuban sugar cane harvester machines KTP-2 and KTP-2M during the work in three Sugar Industrial Complexes of the Province Havana, Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rice is at the moment the most automated cultivation in Cuba reaching a level of 97 %, and its economic importance resides in the demand of this cereal for our population's consumption. The technological properties of the machines croppers of rice characterize, the quality of the execution of the technological processes during the realization of the crop. For what should be increased the agricultural yields, to improve the use and to increase the effectiveness of the agricultural machinery for the sake of reaching the biggest results at the smallest cost. The research offers the determination of the main technological parameters and of operation of the one combined of rice New Holland that influence in the time of shift during the realization of the crop in the Rice Enterprise "Los Palacios" of the Pinar del Río province, Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work was carried out in the Rice Enterprise ‘Los Palacios’ during the rice crop season 2001–2002, with the objective of determining the main indexes of the croppers' of rice reliability New Holland L 520 under conditions of exploitation. By means of the employment of a methodology statistical-mathematician experimental probability was calculated (Pi), the half value (t) of the index of the reliability and the quadratic half deviation (σ). The determination of these parameters is carried out for the first time for these machines under the conditions of Cuba. The results of the researches will allow to determine the real necessities in spare parts and to take the measures to elevate the level of reliability of those combined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The of tomato harvest in Cuba is carried out in a manual form in the present day, utilizing a great quantity of workers, the witch small productive, aspect in the future must to improve for the great demand the product agricultural so much national as internationally. This work has an object to determinate the several dimensional and mass characteristics of tomato variety Campbell-28 take place in the technological process of their crop and transportation that allow to basis for different designs parameters of work organs the tomato harvesters in our conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]