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The correlation between translation as an objective field and psychological characteristics has produced various psychological and translational interrogations. To investigate the role of the translator's personality in identifying the level of irrationality beliefs, university instructors are the corpus of the present study. After using statistical means SPSS, the results of instructors of males and females were observed to advocate for an active role of the translator in some instances. The present study employed a questionnaire that is consisted of thirty-five paragraphs measures the individual's attitude towards himself and his or her family that behaves irrationally in the performance and functions. Through the results of this study, which this study found that irrational thoughts are widespread among male and female teachers. This research also provided details of making an empirical contribution to the research in translation. Thus, the seriousness of irrational thoughts, as it is one of the reasons for the incompatibility and its seriousness on translation. This led to the weakness of the translation process, which caused the distraction of the mind to broadcast the hostile rumour that managed to exploit confusion in the translation.

The study investigated the sociocultural differences in translating Euphemistic expressions from English into Arabic. Particularly, the study took the novel "A Grain of Wheat" to show the differences of these expressions usage by two translators from different cultures. The study adapts a qualitative approach applied in Leppihalme's (1997) and Unseth's (2006) translation strategies to focus on the sociocultural differences in translating expressions as; Death, Sex, Human body, Bodily function, since they are the most popular Euphemistic expressions in each culture. The results show that both translators employed omission and literal strategy frequently which may not express euphemistic words functionally. Additionally, both translators attempted to translate the euphemistic expressions semantically at the expense of rendering them adequately into the target culture. However, in spite of the similarities and differences in the employment of translation strategies in translating the euphemistic expressions by both translators, Syrian translation is apparently better delivered than the Iraqi translation. Hence, the findings suggested that knowledge and competence of the translators in handling sociocultural differences as well as the employment of effective strategies such as those proposed by Leppihalme and Unseth are indispensable tools for solving the problems of translating euphemistic expressions.

Background One of the most prevalent long-term kidney disorders in high-blood-pressure patients is nephrolithiasis. This study involves collecting urine and renal stones from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) to analyze how hospitalized patients with UTI contract community infections. The samples were collected at the Sulaimaniyah Surgical Teaching Hospital urology and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) staff. It is understood that UTIs contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Methods Screened and cultured urine requires careful collection, transport, and interpretation. Urine samples were collected from the patients with UTI at the Sulaimaniyah teaching hospital for culturing. Urine cultures containing pyuria and bacteria indicate UTIs. Microorganisms were studied, inoculated on blood, MacConkey, and mannitol salt agar, and biochemically identified. A bacterial and microbiological examination of kidney stones was conducted at the Sulaymaniyah Surgical Teaching Hospital's ESWL and urology departments. Clean renal stone samples with ethanol for 1 minute, crush using sterile tongs, then culture in 37°C thioglycolate broth for 48 hours. Specimens inoculated on blood, MacConkey, and mannitol salt agars resulted in isolation of staphylococci, streptococci, and Staphylococcus spp. Results In this study, 17 of 48 samples showed microbial growth. Each of Enterococcus and Micrococcus spp. comprised 12.5% of eight renal intact stone samples. Three of 14 renal intact stone samples showed microbial growth with 7 and 14% for Enterococcus and Escherichia coli , respectively. From eight urine samples before and after ESWL procedure, E. coli isolation incidents doubled from 12.5 to 25%, while Staphylococcus spp. remained the same at 12.5%. Out of 10 UTI urine samples, 20% Staphylococcus spp., E. coli , and 10% Pseudomonas spp. were isolated. Conclusion This study related renal stones to E. coli , enterococci, Micrococcus luteus , and staphylococci. After ESWL, the urine samples revealed E. coli growth, whereas comparable urine samples before ESWL did not. Thus, urinary infections can cause kidney stones. Eighteen of 48 kidney stone samples tested positive for E. coli , 22 for staphylococci, 11 for enterococci, 5 for Pseudomonas , 5 for Proteus , and 5 for micrococci. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study utilized data from the NASA Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) to examine the variability of the terrestrial water storage anomaly (TWSA) in Iraq between 2002 and 2019. The analysis focused on six grid cells representing the Iraqi territory. The season trend decomposition (SLT) method was used to decompose the signal time series of TWSA to reveal the seasonality, trend, and random noise for the six GRACE blocks. Results proved that Block01 in northwestern side of Iraq, experienced a significant reduction in TWS between 2002 and 2009, followed by a negative linear trend until 2015, and then a positive trend. Block02 which is located in the northeastern part of Iraq showed a decreasing trend in TWS until 2008, after which it had a positive trend. Block03 in the western central side of Iraq reveals a decrease in TWS from 2002 to 2008, followed by a negative linear trend until 2016, and then a positive trend. Block04 in the eastern Mesopotamian plain had a minor increase in TWS until 2006, followed by a substantial decrease until 2016, before stabilizing and showing a positive trend. Block05 in the southwestern side of Iraq demonstrated a continuous decline in TWSA. In contrast, TWS increased in block6 on the southeastern side from 2002 to 2007, then decreased from 2007 to 2009. TWSA levels remained stable from 2009 to 2016, then increased from 2016 to the end of 2019. The seasonal fluctuations in TWS varied across the blocks, but generally, surpluses were observed in winter and spring, while deficits were observed in summer and autumn. The shortage in TWS is attributed to drought and excessive use of groundwater for irrigation. The recent positive trends in TWS in some blocks suggest that the drought may be coming to an end, but further analysis is necessary to reach a definitive conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents Al-Kindi as the first Arab intercultural curriculum theorizer, rather than the first Arab philosopher as is often argued. He envisioned an intercultural and interdisciplinary curriculum within the Arabic intellectual tradition. This article proposes Al-Kindism as a conceptual framework for education that revisits interdisciplinary and intercultural possibilities geared toward conflict resolution and synthesis. It also explores how Al-Kindi was arguably the first in the Arabic intellectual tradition to initiate a move from Majlis to Minhaj, that is from Masjid learning practices centered on theological studies to schooling. In other words, in the absence of actual schooling, his educational vision offered a possibility of a conceptualized curriculum to be taught. Al-Kindi's scholarly eagerness was driven not necessarily by, as generally perceived, the desire to promote philosophy, but more importantly, by the need to develop an intellectually responsive educational tradition to accommodate emerging intercultural encounters. He believed that the acquisition of true knowledge could only be achieved through intercultural competence and that such competence would eliminate the tension between Greek thought and Islamic culture. Thus, as a curriculum theorizer, Al-Kindi initiated a Minhaj marked by indebtedness to intercultural encounters, by a shift away from Majlis, and by the implementation of interdisciplinarity.

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety among (12) Iraqi refugee children, 6 males and 6 females (aged 7-14) who had fled ISIS and are residing in Jordan awaiting resettlement. The authors used four scales to measure depression, field observation, and structured interviews with the mothers to examine exile-related variables and their association with depression: social isolation, lack of meaningful daily activities, lack of pleasurable activities, and emotional and behavioural problems. The results varied among the four scales as follows: Beck's Scale (50%) the highest, were found to be moderately depressed; Burn's (42%) the highest were found to be mildly depressed; DSRS (83.3%) the highest had major depression but not considered severe requiring hospitalization, and PTCI (75%) the highest were found to be mildly depressed. There was strong association between exile-related variables and depression: social isolation (92%), daily activities (100%), meaning to their daily lives (100%), and emotional and behavioural problems (59%).

Copyright of Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

COVID-19 seriously impacted routine immunization (RI) in Iraq. Coverage declined to a 6-year low in 2021, and COVID-19 vaccination uptake was slow. In response, government implemented intensification of integrated immunization services (3IS), a nationwide approach comprising regular outreach sessions of COVID-19 vaccination and RI for children who had either missed doses or never commenced scheduled vaccination (zero-dose children). We describe the 3IS and its impact on vaccination coverage in Iraq. 3IS comprised new outreach sessions for urban and rural communities where administrative data suggested there were gaps in coverage. Groups of six personnel from each of 1,321 primary healthcare centres implemented six outreach sessions per month during February-November 2022. Community engagement was an integral component. We compared RI administrative data (2019–2022) and data reported during 3IS activities to assess its impact. In total 4,189,859 vaccine doses were administered during 72,495 3IS outreach sessions, over one-fifth of 19,106,849 vaccine doses administered in Iraq over these 10 months. Among them, 957,874 (22.9 %) were COVID-19 vaccines, adding slightly to national coverage, and 3,231,985 (77.1 %) were RI vaccines, dramatically reducing zero-dose children, adding 18 %, 25 %, 21 %, and 31 % to 2022 penta1, penta3, measles first-dose and MMR1 vaccine coverage, and contributing to national coverage of 102.2 %, 94.5 %, 91.8 % and 96.3 % for these vaccines during February-November, respectively. Moreover, 3IS sessions delivered 133,528 doses of tetanus toxoid, 16,353 doses of adult HepB vaccine, and 315,032 vitamin A doses to eligible individuals. In the context of global encouragement to integrate vaccination services, Iraq's 3IS approach enabled dramatic improvements in RI coverage, virtual elimination of zero-dose status among children born during the pandemic, and small improvements in COVID-19 and adult vaccination. Our findings provide lessons for future integrated primary care towards universal health coverage in Iraq, and for other countries yet to undertake integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores pollution detection and classification in the Shatt al-Arab River using advanced image processing techniques. Our proposed system integrates Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithms. The Shatt al-Arab River in Basra, Iraq, faces increasing pollution from human activities, including oil spills, debris, and wastewater. We conducted extensive surveys of the river and its tributaries using a DJI Mavic drone, amassing over 1000 images to train machine learning models. The results indicate that RF excels with 94% accuracy for oil spills, 92% for wastewater, and 95% for debris. SVM also performs well, achieving 92%, 88%, and 94% accuracy for the respective pollutants. KNN, though insightful, lags with 85%, 89%, and 86% accuracy. Trained on this novel image dataset, these models show promising accuracy in detecting various pollution types from drone footage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arab Journal of Plant Protection is the property of Arab Society for Plant Protection and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The activity of redirecting students' attention from traditional media to the possibility of exploring the world outside of print forms has always been daunting and challenging for teachers. Because the teaching of language and literature is intractably connected with human communication, incorporating blogs alongside traditional literary forms becomes an empowering activity that challenges the students' thoughts as well as the teachers' pedagogical approaches. Teachers, however, may struggle with the questions of whether blogging is indeed an educational forum, whether blogs are sources of reliable information, or whether blogs can be taken seriously as literary and/or journalistic projects. Evaluating the reliability of blogs allows teachers to choose useful material for their students, and to help guide the students through the complex process of navigating Internet sources. Both teachers and students must know how to find quality web material and use it appropriately, because anyone can publish anything on the Internet. Because blogs, in general, are not monitored, edited, or peer-reviewed by any authorized body, the only feasible way to ensure that they can stand up to academic scrutiny or be considered authentic is to determine whether they have been published or translated (see Alexander and Tate 2010; Burkhardt, MacDonald, and Rathemacher 2010). What makes these blogs worth exploring is the embedded human factor with which students identify and engage. Knowledge becomes more animated and self-produced, which helps modify our conceptual tools inside the classroom and reshape our pedagogical thinking. As Richardson (2009, 30) states, "If we continue to simply pass paper back and forth in our classrooms, we are not preparing students for the world they are entering."

Predictions for the future indicate that climate change may worsen the water problem in Iraq. The impact of climate change on water supplies, the environment, and the economy, particularly the agricultural sector, is one of the region's most significant challenges. This paper analyzes the impact of climate change on water parameters and the implications for station operation and performance. The data was taken from the Al- Al-Qadisiya water treatment plant in Baghdad city for 2022. This research is the only one that discusses the design of water treatment plants using the GPS-X to design and simulate the plants and show the effect of climate change on plant operation. The results of evaluating the operational performance of water treatment plants indicate that the concentrations of all contaminants in the effluent water have consistently followed the established Iraqi standards in all scenarios. Some consequences of these variables (pH, turbidity, TDS, color, alkalinity, and hardness). The modeling and simulation of the water treatment plant, conducted using GPS-X, confirmed an acceptable level of performance characterized by a high degree of efficiency. The model was subjected to three scenarios, which showed that the concentrations of the pollutant parameters in the treated water stayed within the allowed limits [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with breast neoplasms are exposed to various physical and psychological injuries. Improving these patients' lifestyles can improve their condition. The present research investigated the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on the lifestyle of breast cancer patients. Methods: The current semi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population comprised 308 breast cancer patients referred to the Teaching Hospital of Maternity and Childhood in Al-Ramadi, Iraq, in 2022. Using simple random sampling, 80 women were selected and divided into experimental and control groups (40 patients per group). The Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP; Walker et al., 1987) was used for data collection. The collected data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS software. The statistical significance level was 0.05. Results: The findings indicate that CBT was effective on lifestyle variables (F = 70.01; P < 0.001) in breast cancer patients. Moreover, the results of a one-way ANCOVA demonstrated that the lifestyle subscales, including health responsibility (F = 4.73; P < 0.001), nutrition (F = 9.14; P < 0.001), physical activity (F = 13.64; P < 0.001), stress management (F = 7.05; P < 0.001), interpersonal relationships (F = 12.42; P < 0.001), and spiritual growth (F = 5.63; P < 0.001), increased significantly. Conclusion: It can be concluded that CBT improved lifestyle and its subscales in breast cancer patients. Therefore, special attention should be paid to these patients' lifestyles, and psychological interventions such as CBT can be effective in this regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endometrial Cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignancy of the female reproductive system. With an increasing incidence, it is important to improve the new prognosis ways for its pre-diagnosis that must be early, accurate and effective. This study aimed to search for biological (like some new interleukins) which could help in early diagnosis of EC before the hysterectomy. Currently not enough research is being done exploiting linking between the interleukins submitted in this study and EC. Epically IL-36 and IL-38, which have been recently described and are still under study in the world. This study is the first of its kind in Iraq. Fifty-five patients with EC (mainly in their first or second stage, due to early diagnosis and who newly have the symptoms and pain as a result of cancer) and 57 healthy controls (with ages up to 45) were involved in this study. To measure the concentration of the following interleukins: IL-27, 31, 33, 35, 36 and 38 by ELISA, blood samples were collected from women via vein puncture. The results of this study showed a highly significant (P≤0.01) increase in Interleukin 27 (IL-27), Interleukin 31 (IL-31) and Interleukin 33 (IL-33) among all studied interleukins levels in EC patient as compared with healthy controls. Interleukin 35 (IL-35), Interleukin 36 (IL-36) and Interleukin 38 (IL-38) also showed highly significant (P≤0.01) increase in EC patients as compared with healthy women. The significant increase (P≤0.01) of these interleukins can be used to help in the early diagnosis and treatment of EC, without need to hysterectomy or histological diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite being historically renowned as a significant date producer, both the Arab world and Iraq have experienced a noticeable decline in date palm production in recent years. This decrease in output can be attributed to the sluggish integration of advanced techniques that could enhance and maintain high-quality yields. In this regard, an experiment was conducted at the Al-Rabee station on date palm cultivar Khastawi under the randomized complete blocks design with three replications, to study the effect of four treatments of bagging: B0 - Without bagging, B1 - Rocklin, B2- Agryl and B3 - Paper bags and four bagging periods: T0 - 0, T1 - 40, T2 - 50 and T3 - 60 days, and their interactions on the fruits characteristics of date palm cv. Khastawi. The results showed that T1B3 treatment gave the highest values in fruit set (86.55%), while T3B2 treatment was superior in respect to fruit weight (7.260g), seed weight (0.6300g), fresh weight (6.630g) and fruit diameter (1.8533cm). The lowest values of fruit characteristics were recorded in the control treatment. Therefore, we recommend using bagging fruits to improve fruit set, bunch yield and fruit quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eleven soil samples were collected from one of the oil sites in Wasit Governorate.65 bacterial isolates were isolated from soil samples by using BHM with 1% crude oil as carbon source. In primary and secondary screening (10) isolates of bacteria can remediate crude oil. Among the ten isolates, bacterial isolate named HD2 was most effective in bioremediation process. The results of biomass, optical density, and percentage of hydrocarbon remediation of HD2 were (0.63, 1.080 and 67 %) respectively. The results of morphological and biochemical tests showed that the bacterial isolate named HD2 belongs to the species Pseudomonas putida. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Petroleum Research & Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease in children, with an increasing number of cases. Polymorphisms in the MDR-1 gene were reported to contribute to SRNS development, but with varying results among different ethnicities. Thus, we investigated the association of the MDR-1 rs1128503 (C1236T) and rs1045642 (C3435T) polymorphisms with steroid responsiveness in Iraqi children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). This case-control study was conducted at the Babylon Hospital for Maternity and Pediatrics. Children with SRNS (n=32) and steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS; n=32) were genotyped via the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The genotypes were subjected to association testing and haplotype analysis. The C1236T TT genotype was associated with a higher risk of developing SRNS compared to the CC and TC genotypes (odds ratio [OR]=10.33, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]=1.208-88.362; p-value=0.026; recessive model). The combination of the two TT genotypes of C1236T and C3435T variants was significantly more frequent (p-value=0.029) in SRNS (88.9%) than in SSNS (11.1%). The haplotype analysis showed no association between the C1236T and C3435T haplotypes and steroid responsiveness, but the TC haplotype was associated with an age at onset of =8 years (p-value=0.0028). In conclusion, this study revealed that children who have the MRD-1 C1236T TT genotype alone or combined with the C3435T TT genotype may be at increased risk of developing SRNS and in need of other therapeutic strategies. Additional research is required to identify other genetic contributions to steroid responsiveness and further understand their pharmacogenetics in INS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The healthcare field has experienced a significant increase in data generation due to the emergence of modern applications and the internet. Consequently, understanding and extracting meaningful information from these extensive datasets has become a critical factor in the success of any application in this sector. Digital analytics and classification tools can assist in handling the challenges of processing large datasets to produce highly consistent, logical, and information-rich summaries. This paper presents several analytics methodologies based on literature that can be used as pre-processing steps to determine dataset characteristics. The study conducted a comparative analysis of twelve classification algorithms using two international datasets to measure their efficiency accurately. The outcome of the analysis step will assist researchers in selecting the most suitable algorithm for each dataset's characteristics, resulting in more organized and thorough results. The study revealed that four algorithms, namely Logitboost, Random Forest, XGBoost, and Multilayer Perceptron, achieved the best accuracy. The XGBoost algorithm, which produced the highest accuracy, was used to classify new CBC datasets collected from various hospitals in Iraq for Hematology studies and statistics. Future research should investigate combining algorithms to leverage their benefits while overcoming their limitations. Overall, using digital analytics tools and algorithms in healthcare can provide critical insights into large datasets, leading to improved disease diagnosis outcomes and the advancement of medical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease that has become one of the leading causes of disability and death in the world, affecting not only adults but also children and adolescents. In Iraq, one third of the adult population is overweight and another third obese. Clinical diagnosis is accomplished by measuring body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (a marker for intra-visceral fat and higher metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk). A complex interaction between behavioral, social (rapid urbanization), environmental and genetic factors underlies the etiology of the disease. Treatment options for obesity may include a multicomponent approach, involving dietary changes to reduce calorie intake, an increase in physical activity, behavioral modification, pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery. The purpose for these recommendations is to develop a management plan and standards of care that are relevant to the Iraqi population and that can prevent/manage obesity and obesity-related complications, for the promotion of a healthy community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of the quality of corporate governance in Islamic banking on the agility of Iraqi banks. For this purpose, the structural-equation-modeling (SEM) method was used to investigate the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. The statistical population of this study is all managers, employees, and customers of the public and private banks of Iraq, and a total of 70 questionnaires were included and analyzed to test the paper's hypotheses. The research results indicate that corporate governance in Islamic banking has a positive impact on the agility of Iraqi banks, meaning that with an increase in corporate-governance mechanisms in Iraqi Islamic banking, the capability of banks to make timely reactions to potential changes is likely to increase. In this regard, the provision of various services in a flexible and snap manner to a wide range of customers, the acceptance of innovation and IT-related processes, the identification and application of environmental opportunities, and having a culture of learning and cooperating are expected to be realized by improving the quality of corporate-governance mechanisms. Our findings may apply to policymakers to improve market efficiency through designing regulations and bank managers to increase their general performance. The current paper is among the initial attempts to determine the influential factors on bank agility in emerging markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to study the suitability of the Fatha Formation clay deposits for the brick industry in the Zurbatiya area, Wasit Government. Two sites (Al-Salam police station and Al-Taff station) were selected. The clay deposits were subjected to particle size analysis, atterberg limits, chemical and mineralogical analyses. The samples have 31.45% clay, 52.91% silt, and 15.64% sand. Chemical analyses revealed that SiO2 and CaO are the clay deposits' main components, indicating the high content of quartz and calcium carbonate. The mineralogical analysis by XRD techniques indicated that quartz, calcite, feldspar, gypsum, and dolomite are the nonclay minerals; Kaolinite, illite, palygorskite and chlorite are the most clay minerals, followed by the mixed layer (montmorillonite-chloride). Clay brick samples were formed, dried and then fired using a particular firing program. The produced bricks have good water absorption (20-24.06%), compressive strength (36.23-41.63 N/mm² ), and efflorescence (moderate – slight to nill). The properties of the produced clay bricks agree with the requirements of class A and B of the Iraqi Standard Specifications No.25,1993, British (BS 3921, 1985 ), and American Standard (ASTM C10, 2010). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to explore the potential of MMP-8 as a biomarker for diagnosing periodontitis using the latest classification system for this condition. This study enrolled 63 patients with periodontitis and classified them into stage II and stage III periodontitis groups. Additionally, 18 healthy/intact periodontium individuals were included as a control group. Clinical periodontal parameters were assessed, and 3 ml of whole unstimulated saliva was collected from each participant. The results revealed that both PLI (Plaque Index) and BOP (Bleeding on Probing) were considerably elevated in both stages of periodontitis compared to the healthy/control group. There were no statistical differences between periodontitis stages for PLI, BOP, and PPD (Probing Pocket Depth); however, Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) showed a substantial difference across the different stages of periodontitis. The concentrations of MMP-8 were substantially higher in both stages than in the control group, with a significant difference between the periodontitis stages, as the mean concentration was higher in stage II than in stage III. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was observed between aMMP-8 levels and all periodontal indices. ROC analysis showed that salivary MMP-8 had good diagnostic accuracy for differentiating between periodontal health and periodontitis. However, salivary MMP-8 was unable to distinguish between periodontitis stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Health promotion in a school setting involves educating the students and teachers about health-related matters that reflect on health in a more holistic way. Lifestyle includes behaviors such as food habits, sleeping and resting, physical activity and exercising, weight controlling, smoking and others. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge and practices of teachers about healthy lifestyles in the high school in Erbil city. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used. The data were collected from 3th December 2021 to 28th March 2022. A cluster random sampling technique was used to collect 400 teachers who attended High school in Erbil city. A valid questionnaire was used for data collection by face to face; it contained three parts of sociodemographic data, items of knowledge and practices. The validity and reliability were conducted for the tool and the value of Cronbach's Alpha was 0.826. Results: The teachers had good knowledge and practices about promoting healthy lifestyles. There was a significant association between age, education level and experience with their knowledge and practices. There was no significant association between their knowledge and gender, marital status, or economic status, and no significant association between their practices and variables like gender, marital status and economic status. Conclusion: The outcome of the study revealed that most of the teachers had good knowledge and practices regarding healthy lifestyles in high school in Erbil city/Iraq, so they might be as a source of healthy life styles to the public. There was significant association between knowledge, practices and their age and education level, while there was no significant association between their knowledge, practices and gender and marital status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Serratia marcescens is a gram-negative pathogen of many species. The ability of S. marcescens to form biofilms and its potent innate resistance to antimicrobials and cleaning solutions are both essential for its pathogenicity and survival. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) on the biofilm of S. marcescens, as an alternative for antibiotic therapy. Methods: Different specimens, including ear swabs, burns, mid-stream urine, wound swabs, and sputum, were collected from patients who were brought to Al-Ramadi Hospital, Iraq. All samples were cultured, and the colonies that were obtained were detected using the VITEK® 2 compact. The ability of biofilms to develop was examined using the microtiter plate technique. The bactericidal effectiveness of GTN was estimated by the broth microdilution technique. The presence of fimA and fimC in S. marcescens isolates was detected using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to assess the effect of GTN on fimA and fimC gene expression. Results: The results demonstrated that GTN has no effect on S. marcescens growth; while its biofilm was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced. Moreover, all S. marcescens isolates had fimA and fimC, and the presence of GTN reduced the expression of these genes. Conclusion: The findings of this study reveal that GTN can act as a promising antibiofilm agent in reference to S. marcescens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article contextualizes the significance of lived experience in relation to personal narratives and learning largely by examining Zainab Salbi's autobiography "Between Two Worlds: Escape from Tyranny: Growing Up in the Shadow of Saddam". Discussing Salbi's education and personal life as the daughter of Saddam's private pilot, the article explores the learner's reluctance to share what Donald Winnicott calls "the secret self". This resistance on the part of the learner complicates the notion of communication as a therapeutic method that educators usually use as the bases for teaching and learning, as explicated by Alice Pitt. In Salbi's politicized world, she explains how suppressed memory and reluctance to express oneself are tools of survival that ultimately turn into a lifestyle inside and outside the classroom. By employing Winnicott's metaphor of hide and seek to demonstrate ambivalence in communication, this study explores how Salbi's experience as a woman with a suppressed personal history can culturally and psychologically be very similar to teachers and students who are reluctant to share their own memories. In effect, this paper examines the implications of suppressed memory and knowledge among reluctant learners for pedagogical practices worldwide.

Copyright of Accounting & Financial Studies Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study generates intensity-duration-frequency curves for three important cities in Iraq using Global Precipitation Measurement Integrated Multi-Satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG), Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation near real-time (GSMaP NRT), and gauge corrected (GSMaP GC) satellite precipitation datasets. Many probability distribution functions were used to fit the maximum yearly rainfall data. The Sherman equation was used to create intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves for rainfall intensities with 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year return periods, with the estimated coefficients of the best-fit distribution serving as the fitting parameters. The discrepancy between the IDF curves produced from the satellites and the observed data was used to bias correct the satellite IDF curves. The Generalized Extreme Value Distribution model best describes the hourly rainfall distribution of satellite data. GSMaP GC was the best option for creating IDF curves with higher correlations with observed data at Baghdad, Basra, and Mosul. The study indicates the necessity of gauge correction of satellite rainfall data to reduce under- and over-estimating observed rainfall. GSMaP GC can reasonably estimate rainfall in a predominantly arid climate region like Iraq. The generated IDF curves may be an important step toward achieving sustainable urban stormwater management in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arab Journal of Plant Protection is the property of Arab Society for Plant Protection and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)