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The aim of this article is to demonstrate the impact of digitalization on society in the area of public services in Poland. This issue must be recognised as extremely important, because digitalization is one of the elements driving the development of the national economy and contributing to its socio- economic development, as well as supporting the emergence of information society. The article presents the benefits and threats of digitalization of public services in Poland from a user perspective in the areas of administration, education and transport. The authors attempt to answer the question of how digitalization has changed the accessibility to public services in the areas mentioned, as well as how it affects society. The article is descriptive and analytical in nature and was developed on the basis of a literature review, as well as available statistical data from the Eurostat and CSO databases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article, based on a systematic analysis of the problems of national education in the age of information society and digitalised education, reveals the significance of the human paradigm, which is the conceptual core and the major platform for the educational process under the regime of aggravation. The convergence of education and information technology produces not only new areas of knowledge, pedagogical tools and teaching methods but also large-scale transformations in social practice. Like any social change, the digitalisation of education has a variety of consequences - from positive to negative ones. It is shown that the digitalisation of education, which meets great hopes not only in Ukraine and Poland, can be productive only if an anthropocentric algorithm is dealt with. Along with the huge and not much-studied possibilities of digitalisation of education, it is proved that many problems and risks are associated with the total introduction of the "digital" in the educational system. These are social, psychological, health, organisational and methodological risks, and some problems with the reduced quality of education. However, the ethics-related risks are perhaps the most dangerous among them. As regards this, it is proved that the humane paradigm, as a paradigm of the integrity of knowledge that provides values and goals of education, is a guarantor of the harmonisation in many processes related to translating information and knowledge into a digital form. The humane paradigm is the basis of the genetic connection of knowledge, skills, digital literacy, moral imperatives, and life values, which in a synergetic algorithm contribute to students' effective development, systematic thinking, and socialisation. The three most important blocks of educational problems in the discourse on modern cyber-socialisation (transformation of the worldview component of education, reconstruction of the content of education, imbalance of educational and didactic processes) are outlined, and the ways and mechanisms of solving them are suggested. Implementing integrated strategies within the humane paradigm (which is the nourishing source of each of these blocks) might result in the idea of the so-called "new humanism" in education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important facilitator in e-government and society in general, Open SDI merits an assessment of its characteristics and the monitoring of its development. The aim of the study was the proposal of the SDI openness assessment approach based on existing openness assessment frameworks, as well as the presentation of the Polish Spatial Data Infrastructure (PSDI) development towards openness. The results indicated that ten geodetic and cartographic databases fulfilled ten out of eleven criteria of data openness, according to the methodological assumptions, and reached a 3-star level of openness. The need for further development of the infrastructure towards sharing public administration data is recognized, as well as non-governmental data that meet the open data criteria, thus contributing to the openness of the SDI. The proposed assessment method, referenced to a five-level data openness system and providing clear scoring benchmarking for assessing SDI openness, may be used for comparative analysis of SDI openness in different countries, including EU Member States that draw on the experience of the implementation of the INSPIRE Directive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the article is to show the development of the information society in Poland through the prism of the use of e-government services in comparison to the other EU countries. At the same time, as part of the research, the aim is to indicate the strategies and methods of data security in intelligent IT systems that eliminate development barriers of the information society and e-government services. Research methodology was based on the desktop-based research that consisted of a document and database review of available information, statistics and other data from international, national, regional sources. The statistical analysis was performed on the basis of qualitative data collected from both Poland and other European Union member countries. Time frame for the research was set up for the year 2019. The analysis of the data presented in this paper shows that the demand for and willingness to use e-government services is enormous. Moreover, organizations ought to actively develop a comprehensive strategic security plan including security policy, procedures to be developed and technologies to be implemented that would integrate new applications and processes, while complying with security requirements and relevant laws and regulations. The paper also rises awareness about the importance of ensuring the protection of sensitive date in ICT and therefore limit the barriers for the development of information society, information systems (IS) and the use of Decision Support Systems (DSS) in e-government services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study is to develop a method which would provide decision-makers with a tool in the form of aggregated indicators, operating on any selected phenomena of the information society, e.g. e-government, e-learning or e-health, and allowing to position a given country among others by comparing them. With the turbulent development of ICT, which has changed the standards of social life in virtually all of its realms, there is a need to make quick and prudent economic and political decisions at various levels. Increasingly, therefore, this calls for improved methods of measuring what is happening in the information society (IS). Despite the fact that many detailed indicators have been developed over the last several decades, there is a need for a quick and comprehensive look at the state of ICT development in various societies. In order to choose relevant characteristics for each phenomenon, the author has applied the designer, two-aspect classification method of, which also takes into account the so-called royalty, i.e. the measure of closeness centrality. Thanks to this, it was possible to look at the researched phenomena from the point of view of their macro features. The obtained results are presented in 4 tables. Using the source data, Poland's position concerning selected phenomena of ICT applications among selected European countries was presented. The practical application of the method made it possible to place a given country among others by comparing them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This paper aims to analyze, prepare, and review the general guidelines and rules that govern the development of key factors influencing the enhancement of emotionally supportive networks and selection models using fuzzy logic theory. The researchers have identified eight important components of the information society (IS), representing the computerized economy's growth to explain a realistic framework for medium-term gauges and proposals. Materials and methods: A discrete-nonstop opportunity paradigm portrays the creation of the general framework, in which the mutual effects of each of the components are spoken to models within the state-space. The software's mechanical quality offers improvement displayed along these lines that may indicate future interest to programing suppliers. The researchers have given supposed to the developments and interests of information technology (IT) professionals in R&D to provide insightful foundations. For example, this study will demonstrate the development of emotionally supportive networks and recommendations of choices for 3D-web-based businesses and their impact on mechanical advancement, examples of use and social behavior. Results: During an IS/IT foreknowledge undertaking completed in Poland in 2019 and sponsored by the Education Research and Development Foundation ERDF, the results were obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technically, the online space seems to go beyond national borders and can serve for mass communication between Europeans, both European Union citizens and candidate countries' citizens. Because of high internet penetration rates and Web 2.0 tools availability, never before had there been such a huge potential of growth in communication. Does it mean that an European information society emerges? Or, on the contrary, doesn't it seem that pan- European institutions use online tools in non-pan-European or even counter-pan-European ways? Illustrations from Poland's first ten years following its EU accession, exemplified by Europa.eu popularity, as reflected in the data, suggest the misusing of online space and websites. The EU homepage clearly does not support building a pan-European layer of identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: A feature of the information society is the widespread use of information and communication technologies in both business processes and everyday life. The condition for the universality of these solutions is to ensure access to high quality information and communication technologies throughout the country. The aim of the article is to assess the availability and use of information and communication technologies in the voivodeships of Poland. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology of the article is based on descriptive analysis of the information society in Poland. The scope of the considerations concerns the spatial diversity in the availability of information and communication technologies in Poland from the perspective of citizens and businesses per voivodeship. The research used secondary data made available by the Statistics Poland, including the Local Data Bank, Eurostat and the Digital Agenda for Europe. Due to the availability of comparable statistics, 2015 and 2019 were analyzed. Findings: The level of development of the information society in Poland systematically increases. However, Poland is among the countries with the lowest rate of digital economy in the EU. The development of online services comes out as the best developed, while the telecommunication infrastructure falls at the other end of the spectrum. The analysis of selected data concerning the development of the information society in Polish voivodeships indicates that there are differences in the access of the communities of individual regions to high quality information and communication technologies. In particular, inequalities in access to and use of broadband Internet were found. The diversity, which can be described as a digital divide, is particularly characteristic in the relationship between Western Poland and Eastern Poland and is evident in the use of eGovernment services. Social implications: The existence of spatial diversity may affect the implementation of the development priorities of the country and the EU. Public administration is in the period of transition from the traditional way of dealing with the matters of citizens and enterprises to modern - electronic implementation of public services, which requires the state not only to provide access to modern technologies, but also to invest in digital skills of administration employees and society. Originality/value: The results of the conducted analysis may provide guidance for national and regional economic policy entities in terms of shaping forms of public support for development of information and communication technologies in the next development programming perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the electronic economy (e-economy) affects every area of ​​socio-economic life and modernizes traditional activities by using information and communication technologies in all branches of the economy. The internet revolution has made information protection in the virtual world an extremely important topic. The threats associated with the theft of sensitive and confidential data seem particularly dangerous. Such action poses a threat to the safe functioning of e-economy and even personal security. The purpose of the article is to analyze threats to the security of confidential information in e-economy. The elements limiting the further development of the information society undoubtedly include the security of sensitive information. Therefore, the rest of the article presents methods and ways of securing sensitive information as part of policies pursued by EU countries. The article analyzes quantitative data in EU Member States with particular emphasis on the position of Poland indicating the development of the information society. Thanks to adopting more than two criteria we can take a look on the problem from broader perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is a part research on the contribution of information and communication technologies (ICT) adoption by local governments to sustainability [1-3]. Its main purpose is to assess the levels of ICT adoption and sustainability in the context of local governments. ICT adoption by local governments is shaped by ICT outlay, information culture, ICT management, and ICT quality, whereas sustainability in local governments is shaped by ecological, economic, sociocultural, and political sustainability. This study employs a quantitative approach and descriptive statistics to evaluate the levels of ICT adoption and sustainability. The survey questionnaire was used and data collected from 118 local government units were analyzed. The research findings revealed that the adoption of electronic delivery boxes and security of back-office systems were at the highest level in local governments, whereas the adoption of EDMS (electronic document management systems), BI (business intelligence) and ERP (enterprise resources planning) systems were at the lowest level. Furthermore, the highest level of ICT adoption was specific for the information and ICT security regulations, and the standard ICT solutions developed for local governments by national governments, whereas the lowest level was specific for the adoption of latest management concepts by local governments and the alignment between information society strategy and ICT adoption. Moreover, employees' personal mastery, employees' creativity, and incentives systems used to engage employees in adopting ICT and enhancing their competences were at the very low level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to a wide range of issues connected with the social and cultural changes that accompany the transition from industrial to information society. The aim of the issue is to demonstrate the Polish way to information civilization. Regarding this goal the author used the following methods: historical, behavior (indirect) analysis, decision making method as well as extrapolation and reflection. The issues of concepts' specificity connected with the information society are discussed in the article. The specific nature of Polish society transformation in the context of external factors regarding European integration and global social processes in general is analyzed. The historical dynamic of Polish information infrastructure establishment has been presented; the way has been indicated as incomplete consequently the information transformations have not been completely accomplished in Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public administration is constantly changing, with the objective of keeping up with the social, economic and technological developments of the modern world. It is opening up to modern technologies, introducing ever newer innovations and attempting to satisfy the needs of the citizens. It is no longer seen to such a large extent as an archaic structure that is blind to reforms and modernization; as a result of which, it can start to be perceived as a smart organization. New instruments are being introduced in many areas of administration, one of them being the fiscal administration. The changes related to the ability to communicate electronically with the tax authorities, submit electronic tax returns or pay stamp duty electronically are certainly aspects that have a positive impact on the whole image of administration, enabling it to be referred to as 'smart'. The paper provides an overview on the fiscal administration system in Poland and e-services provided thereby. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the author analyzes the new social movement labeled „The Inquisitives”. It apparently has its roots in political thought and in philosophy of „the right to know”. Poland adopted the Act on Access to Public Information (2001) to give citizens the formal right to inquire about the public affairs. The information society strives for information about political issues, and about political-public affairs. The author of this paper has stated two hypothesis that (1) a new social movement - the Inquisitives has been occurring in Poland and (2) access to public information has been used for political struggle. The author aims to explore aims, genesis, background, roles, functions, and political values of The Inquisitives within categories such as political scandals, corruption, interest groups, power concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adult Education Discourses / Dyskursy Młodych Andragogów is the property of University of Zielona Gora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Widespread access to high-speed Internet, user-friendly public e-services and the increasing digital competence of society are the main goals for the coming years according to the latest reports published by the Central Statistical Office in Poland. These goals are included in the Operational Programme Digital Poland. This technological development is also connected with the development of economic areas and public services. The rapidly increasing significance of information and electronic services, and thus the application of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the economy, public administration (central and local), and in the everyday life of citizens has triggered a new transformation trend - a transformation towards the information society. This term describes a society for which the processing of information with the use of ICT solutions creates significant economic, social and cultural value. In this paper we present the current state, main aspects, vision and mission of the information society in Poland and carry out a statistical analysis of the information society in Poland using multivariate statistical methods. All the calculations are based on data from the Central Statistical Office and they are conducted using R software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization & Management / Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Slaskiej. Seria Organizacji i Zarzadzanie is the property of Silesian Technical University, Organisation & Management Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nowadays, the development of e-government is one of the biggest challenges for many countries around the world. Levels of e-government are very important indicators of information society structure advancement in the country. Development of e-government often faces many different obstacles. This article focuses on issues relating to some problems associated with the development of e-government in Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses on the possible success factors of e-government in Poland. The purpose of this research was to identify success factors for adopting e-government in this country. The paper continues as follows. Firstly, the paper clarifies the concept of e-government and reviews success factors of e-government proposed by various authors in literature. Secondly, the success factors for adopting e-government in Poland are identified and the model of success factors is proposed. This model embraces the four categories of success factors. They are: economic, socio-cultural, technological and organizational. All the factors are considered in three stages: (1) ICTs access – reflecting technical and economic accessibilities of ICTs, (2) ICTs competences – reflecting competences and awareness related to the use of ICTs, (3) ICTs use – reflecting actual usage of ICTs. The paper concludes with a discussion on research findings, implications, and avenues for further research. This work contributes to extant research by showing a holistic approach to the success factors for adopting e-government, especially in transition economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Business Informatics / Informatyka Ekonomiczna is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Socjologiczne is the property of Studia Socjologiczne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Business Informatics / Informatyka Ekonomiczna is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents reflections concerning a few transformations of the information society, as seen in terminology of modern library and information science in Poland. The authors discusses issues arising around terms: contents, document, information object, digital object, and resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Socialinių Mokslų Studijos is the property of Mykolas Romeris University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transformations in Business & Economics is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Information Sciences / Informacijos Mokslai is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article refers to issues related to creating the information society in a region. The most important results of research carried out to analyze the information society development in Silesia are presented in the background of the information society idea and all activities that are undertaken with reference to the information society in the European Union and Poland. Methodology and obtained results of work undertaken to create the information society strategy for Silesia are presented. Much attention is paid to the SWOT analysis of the region in the context of information society strategies and to some analysis of the most important strategic objectives that make up the foundations of the information society in the region in question. Moreover, the methodology and outcome of work on identification of the information society strategy for the Silesian region are presented. Basic directions and projects related to the pursuit of the strategic goals of the information society development are shown. According to the Authors, it appears that the methodology outlined and the results achieved may prove helpful for other regions and public administration bodies, which are willing to walk the path towards the information society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis is the property of Klaipeda University, Institute of Baltic Region History & Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article expresses the results from a set of analyses that had the following goals: 1) to describe the nature and process of informatization in Poland from 1988 to 2003; 2) to understand the factors that contribute to the digital divide in Poland; and 3) to contribute to the theoretical discourses on social dynamics and modernization. Studying the development of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in Poland is useful for both theoretical and methodological reasons. In 1989 the penetration of digital technology was low, however in 15 years since then, informatization has progressed to the point where it is on par with the rest of Western Europe and North America. This provides a good opportunity for examining the factors associated with the digital divide. Furthermore, as Poland developed intensely over a short period of time, it is likely to demonstrate a pattern similar to those countries which will go through the digital revolution in coming decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of the article is to provide the reader with a brief overview of specific features regarding implementation of the E-commerce Directive into the law of Poland, as an example of a country which is preparing for accession. Ten acceding countries, that will soon be a part of the European society and the single market, have been obliged to adopt the body of European Union law, also as regards information society issues. The article discusses such topics as: the nature of services covered by the new law, the obligations of service providers (with particular regard to rules on commercial communications), the liability of service providers and the regulation of electronic contracts. The new provisions under Polish law are briefly compared with the text of the E-commerce Directive, but the main focus is placed on the original solutions developed within the limits of national legislative autonomy offered by the Directive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the social processes in contemporary Poland. Firstly, there is a transition from a command economy to a market economy. Secondly, a transition from an industrial-agricultural society to a post-industrial society, based on a big service sector. Thirdly, Polish agriculture will have to function in an entirely different way. Fourthly, there is a transition to an information society in which much more importance will be attached to skilled mental work and which will require a much better system of national education. For a large part of the population the social costs of the reform have proved too great. The popular mood in the state is terribly bad. But the sociological surveys show that people relatively better assess their own economic situation and declare greater personal patience while much more dramatically evaluating the average economic status of others and especially the general social mood. People are less afraid of a deterioration of their own economic situation and fear more the sense of uncertainty and in particular the danger of uncontrollable reactions of others. This indicates that the factor decisive for social moods is the sense of uncertainty about the future.

This paper sets out to explain how adolescents interpret piracy. Digital piracy is one of the most important risk behaviours mediated by new media to be found among adolescents. It is global, and changes dynamically due to the continued development of the information society. To explore the phenomena related to piracy among adolescent Internet users we need to apply qualitative research methods. The sample contained 1320 Polish respondents. The research used the technique of qualitative research. Data was collected using a form containing an open question. Adolescents will answer in the form how they interpret digital piracy. The categories characterize how piracy is perceived, and includes downloading various files—whether video or music files or even software (also games)—from unauthorized sources (P2P—Peer-to-peer 'warez' servers—websites which serve as repositories of illegal files). The qualitative data analysis allowed the identification of the following constructs in the perception of digital piracy by adolescents: ethical (giving value to the phenomenon), economical (showing profits and losses), legal (connected with punitive consequences and criminal liability), praxeological (facilitating daily life), technical (referring to the hardware necessary), social (the scale of the phenomenon and interpersonal relations), and personal benefits. The results fit into the discussion on the standard and hidden factors connected with piracy. The presented seven categories of the perception of piracy help us better understand the phenomenon of the infringement of intellectual property law and will help to develop appropriate preventive measures. Qualitative research makes it possible to understand the phenomenon of piracy from a deeper perspective, which can be translated into the design of effective educational measures. Preventive guidance on minimising risky behaviour is part of the development of one of the key competences, namely digital knowledge and skills. The research allowed us to enrich the theoretical knowledge on risky behaviours in cyberspace among adolescents (theoretical aim), to understand how to interpret risky behaviours in cyberspace (understanding of micro-worlds—cognitive aim), and to gather new knowledge that will be useful for prevention (practical aim). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]