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BACKGROUND: Not much is known about developmental motor disorders in the first year of life of children diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis (IS). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the occurrence of asymmetry or muscle tone disorders in the first year of life in adolescents with IS and their healthy counterparts. METHODS: The parents of adolescents with IS and without scoliosis completed a survey on the occurrence of asymmetry, abnormal muscle tone, and physiotherapy in their children in the first year of life. Pearson's chi square test and Cramer's coefficient were used. RESULTS: The final analysis included 527 surveys completed by parents of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (150) and without scoliosis (377). A significantly higher frequency of asymmetry (p = 0.001) and muscle tone disorders (p = 0.001) was noted in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. The results also revealed a significant association between scoliosis and asymmetry (p = 0.001), as well as muscle tone (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Developmental asymmetry or improper muscle tone in the first year of life could be considered a potential factor in the development of scoliosis; however, this hypothesis should be confirmed in future studies. Infants diagnosed with developmental disorders require systematic observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To date, studies evaluating the reliability of shear wave elastography (SWE) measures of the lateral abdominal muscles (LAMs) in adolescent patients with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) have never been performed. The aim of the study was to assess the intrarater reliability of SWE and thickness of the LAMs at rest and during isometric contraction (10% of maximal voluntary contraction). This was a single-group, repeated-measures intrarater reliability study. Twenty-four patients with AIS between ages 10 and 17 years took part in the study. Two and 3 repeated SWE measurements were recorded in the supine resting position and during isometric contraction, respectively. Two sessions were performed with a 7-day interval. By using the mean of 2 measures in the supine, resting position, intraexaminer reliability point estimates (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] 3.2) ranged from 0.75 to 0.84 for external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis muscles. During the isometric contraction, the ICC 3.3 results ranged from 0.70 to 0.83. The ICC results for muscle thicknesses in both conditions ranged from 0.89 to 0.96. Measurements of LAM elasticity are reliable in patients with AIS. The superficial fat layer did not influence the measurement error between 2 sets of measurements in the examined adolescent population. The images extracted from SWE can successfully be used to assess LAM thicknesses with high reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous indirect methods for apical vertebral rotation (AVR) measurement have been reported and none of them seems to be as accurate as computed tomography evaluation. The aim of this study was to compare spinal rotation changes during innovative technique of intraoperative computed tomography (ICT) evaluation with indirect methods such as Perdriolle and clinical evaluation with scoliometer. We examined 42 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients treated with posterior scoliosis surgery (PSS). The mean age at the time of surgery was 16 years. ICT evaluation was performed before and after scoliosis correction in prone position. Clinical rib hump measure with scoliometer and radiographic Perdriolle were performed before and after surgery. There was 71,5% of average rib hump correction with scoliometer but only 31% of correction with ICT (P=0,026) and there was no significant correlation between them (R=0,297, p=0,26). Mean postcorrectional Perdriolle AVR had a decrease of 16,5°. The average ICT AVR had a decrease of only 1,2° (P=0,003). There was no significant statistic correlation between ICT and Perdriolle AVR evaluation (R=0,297, p=0,2). There is a significant discrepancy in AVR and rib hump assessment between scoliometer and Perdriolle methods and ICT evaluation, which seems to be the most accurate tool for spinal derotation measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perspective of trunk deformity is a matter of special concern for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. No research group has ever reported interviewing patients and their parents regarding differences in perception of body appearance in the course of Cheneau brace treatment. We aimed to investigate the level of agreement in the field of concerns and perceptions of spinal appearance in relation to brace- and scoliosis-related data between parents and female patients with AIS, treated with a Cheneau brace, by means of the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire-pl (SAQ-pl). In this cross-sectional study forty-one pairs of parents and female patients with AIS were asked to separately complete the Polish versions of the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire-pl patient form (SAQ-pl patient form) and the SAQ-pl parent form. Age of patients was 13.60 years SD 1.60 (range 10-17). Patients scored 2.70 ( SD 0.60) and parents scored 2.70 SD 0.60 in the total score of the SAQ-pl. The study groups do not differ significantly in regards to the SAQ-pl results. The percentage of consistent answers on SAQ-pl items ranges from 34.10 % (item 20) to 78 % (item 8). Height, age and brace-wearing time per day, were significantly related to the differences in the patient-parent General perception of body shape (r = −0.51, r = −0.34, r = 0.36, respectively). Parents and female patients with AIS have similar concerns and perceptions of spinal appearance. The discrepancies in General perception of spinal appearance between parents and AIS females decrease with age of patient. Parental emotional support may contribute to minimizing the risk factors of psychological impairment, especially in late adolescents with AIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wstęp: Zgodnie z wytycznymi Towarzystwa SOSORT, w leczeniu zachowawczym skoliozy idiopatycznej (SI) stosuje się fizjoterapię oraz leczenie gorsetowe, a jego głownym celem jest zapobieganie progresji skrzywienia i poprawa estetyki sylwetki. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie wynikow leczenia zachowawczego 12-letniej dziewczynki z progresywną skoliozą idiopatyczną. Opis przypadku: Diagnostykę fizjoterapeutyczną przeprowadzono po raz pierwszy w marcu 2010 roku z powodu zaobserwowanej przez matkę asymetrii ustawienia łopatek. Pacjentkę skierowano do poradni ortopedycznej w celu dalszej diagnostyki. W badaniu radiologicznym stwierdzono: prawostronne wygięcie kręgosłupa w odcinku piersiowym (Th6-Th11, 30°) oraz lewostronne w odcinku piersiowo-lędźwiowym (Th11-L4, 30°), test Rissera (0). Zalecono leczenie gorsetem Cheneau (23 godz./dobę) oraz intensywną fizjoterapię. Na podstawie wywiadu z rodzicami dziewczynki ustalono, że zalecenia dotyczące noszenia gorsetu i ćwiczeń nie były w domu przestrzegane. Kontrolne zdjęcie rentgenowskie wykonane we wrześniu 2010 roku wykazało progresję prawostronnego skrzywienia w odcinku piersiowym (Th6-Th11, 36°). Zalecono zwiększenie systematyczności noszenia gorsetu i wykonywania ćwiczeń. Zdjęcie rentgenowskie wykonane w czerwcu 2011 roku wykazało zmniejszenie wartości kątowych skrzywienia: Th6-Th11, 18° oraz Th11-L4, 14°. Test Rissera określono na (1). Wystąpienie pierwszej miesiączki odnotowano w listopadzie 2011 roku. Pacjentka kontynuowała leczenie gorsetem i fizjoterapią. We wrześniu 2013 roku wykonano kontrolne zdjęcie rentgenowskie (Th5-Th11, 15°, Th11-L4, 11°). Test Rissera określono na (4). Zalecono zakończenie leczenia gorsetem oraz kontynuację fizjoterapii w celu poprawy estetyki sylwetki. Podsumowanie i wnioski: Leczenie zachowawcze (gorset i fizjoterapia) może prowadzić do zmniejszenia wielkości kątowej skrzywienia u dzieci z progresywną SI. Introduction:According to SOSORT, conservative treatment of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) includes physiotherapy and bracing. The main goal of treatment is to prevent of progression of the curvature as well as improvement the appearance. The aim of the study is to present the results of conservative treatment of girls aged 12 years with progressive idiopathic scoliosis. A case study: The first diagnostic was performed in March 2010 due to asymmetry of scapulas observed by the mother. The girl was referred to an orthopedist for a more detailed diagnostics. The radiographic assessment found: the right-sided curvature in the thoracic (Th6-Th11, 30°) and left-sided in the thoraco-lumbar (Th11-L4, 30°). The Risser sign was determined (0). It was recommended Cheneau brace (23 hours per day) as well as intensive physiotherapy. In the conversation with parents and girl, it was established that they failed to comply the recommendation. The control radiographic exam (September, 2010) revealed the progression of the right thoracic curve (Th6-Th11, 36°). It was recommended more systematic wearing the brace and exercises. The X-ray performed in June 2011 showed decrease of the Cobb angle (Th6-Th11, 18° right and Th11-L4, 14° left). Risser sign value was (1). The menarche occurred in November 2011. The patient continued the treatment with the brace and physiotherapy. In September 2013 performed the control X-ray exam (Th5- Th11, 15°, Th11-L4, 11°). The Risser sign was determined (4).The physician decided by the end of treatment with Chenenau brace and recommended the continuation of physiotherapy to improve the appearance. Summary and conclusion: The conservative treatment (Cheneau brace and physiotherapy) can lead to decrease the Cobb angle in children with IS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Age at menarche and hormonal disturbances have been linked to the occurrence and severity of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Concomitantly, an increase in the production of sex hormones during puberty may result in steroid hormones-related gingivitis. Thus, the study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors affecting puberty gingivitis, including menarcheal status, in female patients with AIS and control subjects., Material and Methods: The study group was comprised of 59 girls aged 12-16 years with AIS and 50 healthy controls. Dental examination included the assessment of oral hygiene, gingivitis, and dental caries intensity. Data were statistically analyzed with a significance taken as p < 0.05., Results: There wasn't any statistically significant difference in the age at menarche and menarcheal status of both groups. During regression analysis, three predictors significantly affected gingival status of girls: oral hygiene, orthopedic condition, and laterality of the curve. Scoliosis and left convex of the curve significantly increased the index of gingival inflammation., Conclusions: The results indicate that gingivitis is frequent among female adolescents with AIS, due to poor oral hygiene and higher susceptibility to inflammation. It emphasizes a need for a development of preventive strategy for scoliotic patients, since incipient periodontal problems in children may turn into irreversible advanced periodontal diseases in adults.