Search

Corn silk (Stigma maydis), the silky hairs on maize, is commonly discarded as waste. Despite its traditional medicinal use in countries like China, the United States, France, and Türkiye, its phytochemical and pharmacological attributes have received limited attention. In this study, agar well diffusion was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of free and bound crude extracts from corn silk obtained using different solvents. Compared to the free crude extract, the bound crude extract exhibited greater efficacy against the microorganisms tested. Consequently, sequential fractionation was performed on the bound crude extract, and it was found that the ethyl acetate extract showed the greatest activity against the microorganisms tested. Stigmasterol (STG) (compound 1) and stigmasteryl-3β-arachidate (compound 2) were isolated from the ethyl acetate active fraction, followed by their identification via mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. STG showed favorable antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Mycobacterium smegmatis, and Escherichia coli. In vivo the antimicrobial activity of STG was evaluated in artificially contaminated cherry tomatoes infected with Fusarium verticillioides. STG showed significant inhibitory activity compared to the control on cherry tomatoes when placed prior to inoculation at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL STG and 2.5 mg/mL STG. This research paves the way for practical applications of STG isolated from corn silk in the food industry, where the demand for safe and natural antimicrobial agents is increasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, three new poly(1,2,3-triazolyl-benzenesulfonamide)s (4-6) were synthesized from the new molecule 4-azido-N-(prop-2ʹ-yn-1ʹ-yl)benzenesulfonamide (3). The synthesis and step-growth click polyaddition reaction of a new AB-type monomer containing terminal alkyne and azide groups were described. Copper (I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) and Huisgen click polymerization were performed to prepare sulfonamide, a derivative of poly(1,2,3-triazole)s. The CuAAC polymerization regioselectively led to 1,4-disubstituted triazole ring and hence to a stereoregular polymer. In contrast, the thermal polymerization also produced 1,5-disubstituted triazole units. The structure of the new poly(1,2,3-triazolyl-benzenesulfonamide)s (4-6) obtained from (4-azido-N-(prop-2ʹ-yn-1ʹ-yl)benzenesulfonamide) were characterized by FTIR, 1H-, and 13C- NMR spectroscopy. The resulting polymers had weight-average molecular weights in the 7,700-58,650 range and were determined by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). The resulting polymers 4, 5 and 6, lossing about 50% of their weights, showed a decomposition temperature of 406, 474, and 451 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere, respectively. The glass transition temperature of all polymers were at 128 °C. In addition, the surface morphology was studied via Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). This paper is dedicated to the 100th Anniversary of the Republic of Türkiye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isotope ratio mass spectroscopy (IRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy techniques are two of the analytical methods that are used to characterize food products. The aim of this study is to classify extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) samples collected from different regions of Turkey based on 1H and 13C NMR spectra along with IRMS δ13C carbon isotope ratio data by using chemometrics multivariate data analysis methods. A total of 175 EVOO samples were analyzed in 2014/15 and 2015/16 harvest seasons. Multivariate classification and clustering models were used to identify geographical and botanical origins of the EVOOs. IRMS results showed that there was no significant difference in terms of δ13C values between the years in terms of harvest year (p > 0.05), only extraction phase and variety were statistically significant factors (p < 0.05). The interactions of the factors showed that the harvest year × variety interaction is important. The outcomes of this research clearly indicated that considering the partial least squares discriminant analysis result with NMR spectra, the percent success of the model in the South Marmara, North Aegean, and South Aegean region samples were 95%, 95.7%, and 96.4% in the model set, respectively. The results showed that by using classification and clustering models, geographic marking and labeling of these oils can be carried out regardless of differences in year and production systems (2 and 3 phase extraction system) according the NMR analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Milk is one of the primary animal-based foods in a healthy diet which provides vitamins, fats and particularly calcium to meet the daily requirements. Currently, there are a limited number of metabolomics studies on milk and more studies are required to establish reliable international standards and databases for milk metabolite profiles. In this study, metabolite analysis of three types of UHT milk which are whole-milk, semi-skimmed and lactose-free from Türkiye was investigated by NMR, with emphasis on the differences in metabolite concentrations related to lactose and energy metabolism. In all, 31 different metabolites were successfully identified and quantified with a single NMR experiment. Most of these metabolites are involved in energy and amino acid metabolism, and these findings show that NMR can easily detect perturbations of metabolites in these relevant pathways. In this study, the lactose levels of lactose-free labelled products also were analysed and compared with international threshold levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two unreported neolignans, speluncarins A (1) and B (2) together with seven known compounds (3 – 8, 13) were isolated from the underground parts of Valeriana speluncaria Boiss through cytotoxic activity-guided fractionation method. The crude extract, subextracts, main fractions and isolates were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 and U87 cancer cell lines as well as HUVEC cell line by MTS assay. Although the crude EtOH extract, CHCl 3 and EtOAc subextracts as well as some fractions exhibited remarkable cytotoxic effect against tested cancer cell lines, the purified compounds did not demonstrate promising activity in the tested concentrations. Besides these studies, five known lignan glucosides (8 – 12) were obtained from the inactive n -BuOH subextract. The structures of the isolates were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and HR-MS analysis. This is the first phytochemical and bioactivity study on V. speluncaria, an endemic species to Turkey. [Display omitted] • Two new neolignans were obtained from Valeriana speluncaria. • The extracts, subextracts, main fractions and isolates were tested against MCF-7 and U87 cell lines. • This is the first phytochemical and bioactivity study on V. speluncaria, an endemic species to Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new depside, olivieridepside (1), and a new secoiridoid, olivierigenin (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Gentiana olivieri Griseb. along with four known compounds, gentiopicroside (3), olivierosides A (4) and B (5) and isoorientin (6). The structures of the isolates were determined by extensive 1 D and 2 D NMR spectroscopy and HR-MS analysis. This is the first report on the occurrence of a depside structure in the genus Gentiana. Moreover, a rare type of non-glycosidic secoiridoid (2) lacking an oxygenated group at C-1 is also being reported for the first time from this genus. The chemotaxonomic importance of the isolates was discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present article was to analyze the phytochemical composition of EtOAc extract of Cirsium italicum (Savi) DC. and to determine the antioxidant activity of a new compound 1. The EtOAc extract of C. italicum was purified by different chromatographic methods. Compound 1 was isolated from the whole plant of C. italicum. Its structure was established on the basis of UV, IR, 1 D, 2 D NMR, and HRESI-MS methods and antioxidant activities of this compound were investigated using TEAC, FRAP, and CUPRAC assays. According to the ABTS assays, the TEAC capacity of compound 1 was determined as 0.186 mmol TE/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A free and simple use NMR analysis program to extract coupling constants from complicated NMR multiplets. • Applied to pentafluorobenzene 1H and 19F spectra which yielded accurate analyses in just a few seconds. • For the first time, used to analyse the 19F spectra, 13C and 19F-13C-satellite spectra of tetrafluoro-4-(morpholino)pyridine. • Excellent results are obtained even when the input date is inaccurate. • Gaussian-03 derived coupling constants are a reasonable estimate to start analysis. A new and simple to use line-shape analysis method ANATOLIA (ANAlysis of TOtal LIneshApe) optimised all and 19F-19F and 19F-1H coupling constants in pentafluorobenzene (AA'BB'C'H) within 10 s. This free and open-source NMR analysis method, which works within the Bruker Topspin-4 software and can import Bruker/JEOL/Varian data, was able to accommodate grossly inaccurate input coupling constants to provide an accurate result even for the second-order interactions 4J AA' and 4J BB'. The 13C spectrum and the 19F-13C-satellites share the same coupling values, but required manual intervention to achieve an acceptable fit, especially for the 19F BB' -13C-satellites which are deceptively simple but have significant second-order effects and display Δδ 19F B – 19F B' of ˜100 Hz. A real-world analysis of a new compound, that has potential anti-cancer drug activity, tetrafluoro-4-(morpholino)pyridine molecule, is shown for the first time. The 19F spectrum consists of a spin-system of 8 coupling nuclei (AA'BB'-H 4) which was analysed within 20 s. The 13C satellites in the 19F spectrum consist of 9-spins (AA'BB'-13C-H 4) and the carbon spectrum shows a series of 13C isotopomer multiplets consisting of 5 coupling nuclei (13C-AA'BB') was optimised in less than a minute using a laptop computer. Ab initio structure optimisations were carried out using B3LYP/6-31G*, and chemical shifts and coupling constants were calculated with the basis-set B3LYP/6-311++G**. Fluorine and carbon chemical shifts were in reasonable agreement with experimental values, and nJ FF and 2−4J CF couplings were close to the experimental values, such that these were reasonable starting values for the ANATOLIA optimisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The apolar organic extract obtained from aerial parts of Centaurea drabifolia Sibth. & Sm. subsp. detonsa (Bornm.) Wagenitz, growing wild in Turkey, was investigated for the first time for its secondary metabolite composition. Seven sesquiterpene lactones belonging to the guaiane class ( 1 – 7 ), including the new compound 4 , along with a fatty acid lactone derivative ( 8 ), were isolated. The structures of these compounds were established by spectroscopic analysis, including 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques, with the stereostructure of the new guaiane 4 determined with the help of MTPA derivatization. Cytotoxic activities of compounds 1 – 7 were evaluated against two cancer cell lines, namely acute lymphoblastic leukemia (CCRF-CEM) and its multidrug-resistant subline CEM/ADR5000. Results showed that aguerin B ( 1 ) and cynaropicrin ( 2 ) showed a potent activity on both cell lines revealing interesting details about the structure-activity relationships in the class of acylated guaiane sesquiterpenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnopharmacological relevance Alnus species have been used for the treatment of rheumatism, hemorrhoids and for wound healing in folk medicine. Materials and methods Aqueous and methanol extracts of A. glutinosa (L.) Gaertner subsp. glutinosa, A. orientalis Decne. var. orientalis and A. orientalis var. pubescens Dippel leaves were evaluated for their wound healing, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In vivo wound models of linear incision and circular excision were performed. “Inhibition of acetic acid-induced capillary permeability”, “carrageenan-induced hind paw edema” and T”PA-induced ear edema” assays were applied to determine the anti-inflammatory effects. For the antioxidant activity assessment, DPPH and ABTS radicals scavenging effect, reducing power and denaturation of nonspecific hydroxyl radical-targeted 2-deoxyribose were used. In vitro inhibitory effects on enzymes hyaluronidase, collagenase and elastase were evaluated. The methanol extract of the leaves of A. glutinosa subsp. glutinosa (MB), the most potent extract, was fractionated by bioassay-guided fractionation technique. The structure of the isolated compound was determined as shikimic acid by using NMR and IR analyses. Results MB increased the wound tension by 42.79% value and provided a contraction by 51.58%. Wound tension, contraction capacity and tissue hydroxyproline levels were increased with the application of the fraction EtOAc: MeOH (Fr. D), subfraction D 27–38 and shikimic acid. In the “inhibition of acetic acid-induced capillary permeability” assay, MB, Fr. D, subfraction D 27–38 and shikimic acid inhibited the permeability with significant inhibition values of 30.22%, 32.46%, 38.24% and 27.19%, respectively. In carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model, MB displayed 29.1% inhibition. Likewise, Fr. D, subfraction D 27–38 , and shikimic acid were found to exhibit remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Shikimic acid exhibited significant inhibitory effect (38.24%) on the hyaluronidase enzyme. Conclusions This is the first and unique study that investigates wound healing, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of some Alnus taxons growing in Turkey. According to the results, shikimic acid was found to be the major compound responsible from the activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Partial lipodystrophy of the limbs (PLL) is a newly described form of lipodystrophy that is characterized by symmetrical distal lipoatrophy of the limbs and insulin resistant diabetes.Research Design and Methods: In this study, we prospectively screened our patients with type 2 diabetes for the presence of PLL phenotype. Metabolic parameters of PLL patients were compared to those with type 2 diabetes who applied to our diabetes clinic during the same period of time.Results: Between Sep 2013 and Mar 2015, 2020 patients with type 2 diabetes were evaluated for the presence of PLL. PLL was confirmed in 16 patients. The prevalence of PLL was calculated as 0.79% in our diabetes clinic. The most common phenotypic presentations were loss of subcutaneous fat in the forearms, calves and thighs, and loss of fat in forearms and calves. Patients with PLL had poor metabolic control and marked insulin resistance compared to subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes had been diagnosed at a younger age in patients with PLL. Patients with PLL also had more atherogenic lipid profiles.Conclusions: Our data suggests that PLL is a relatively common form of lipodystrophy in diabetes clinics, which is associated with poor metabolic control and marked insulin resistance. The recognition of PLL in patients with type 2 diabetes can help better clinical management by alerting the physician to these associated co-morbidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adsorption of 1,4-dioxane on a natural bentonite sample from Ünye region of Turkey has been examined using infrared and solid state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques. It was observed that adsorption on bentonite is due to hydrogen bonding between the waters of interlayer and either hydrogen atoms of --CH2 or oxygen atom of --CH2OCH2 groups of 1,4-dioxane. No noticeable interactions, however, are observed at the Al-(Mg)-OH edges by FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared) and CP/MAS NMR (Cross Polarization/Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a great deal of interest in clays in various fields of science and industry. In the literature, it can be easily seen that vibrational spectroscopic particularly FT-IR and NMR methods have been widely employed for the scientific studies of clays. However, especially not much data is available for Raman spectrum since it is difficult to obtain a good and interpretable spectrum. Most of the time, particle size or grain size is not considered as an element which can affect the quality of the Raman and NMR spectra. In this paper, we prepared clay samples having different grain sizes obtained from Ünye region and we observed the effect on the Raman and 29Si NMR spectral quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Sambucus ebulus L. has a very prominent place in Turkish folk medicine. Leaves of the plant are practiced externally to relieve rheumatic pain, to treat abscess, for wound healing and internally against hemorrhoids and stomachache. In a previous work, aqueous extract of the leaves was shown to possess potent antiulcerogenic activity on water immersion and immobilization-induced stress ulcer model in rats. This study aims to investigate the antiulcerogenic activity profile of the plant on various in vivo peptic ulcer models and gastric biochemical parameters and through bioassay-guided processing to isolate the active constituent (s) and to elucidate its structure. Materials and methods: Among the subextracts obtained by successive solvent extractions from the MeOH extract of the leaves, the butanol subextract exerted significant antiulcerogenic activity against water-immersion and immobilization-induced stress ulcer model in rats as the bioassay model. This subextract was then subjected to successive chemical separation techniques (precipitation, column chromatography based on ion-exchange, silica gel and sephadex) and the activity of each fraction/subfraction was tested using the same bioassay model. After determination of active principles, further studies were performed on the active subextract by using various in vivo test models (ethanol-, serotonin-, pyloric ligation-induced ulcerogenesis) in rats as well as biochemical methods for the evaluation of antiulcerogenic potential. Results: Bioassay-guided fractionation procedures yielded two flavonol glycosides as the active antiulcerogenic principles. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as isorhamnetin-3-O-monoglycoside and quercetin-3-O-monoglycoside by using 1H, 13C-NMR, and FAB-MS techniques. Conclusion: This study has proven the folkloric use of Sambucus ebulus leaves for the treatment of gastric ailments in Turkish folk medicine. The antiulcerogenic activity of the two flavonol glycosides isolated in the present study was not previously reported elsewhere. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Alantolactone/isoalantolactone, a mixture of isomeric sesquiterpene compounds, was isolated from the roots of Inula helenium L. subsp. turcoracemosa Grierson and its amount was quantified by RP-HPLC. The structure of alantolactone/isoalantolactone was elucidated by using HPLC and lNMR data. Alantolactone/isoalantolactone was found in serious amount in the roots of the plant as 1.6338 ± 0.0198 % (w/w). The roots of Inula helenium subsp. turcoracemosa growing in Turkey were found rich in this isomeric pair known to be strong antiproliferative and antimicrobial agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) technique is widely used to distinguish structural properties and to derive information about structural changes following the chemical modification of clays in different conditions. Natural and acid-treated bentonites with HCl from Turkey were investigated by FT-IR between the region of 4000 and 400 cm−1and the obtained results were supported by29Si,27Al magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement techniques. Effects of acid treatment were monitored by following the destruction of the original bentonite sample upon the acid treatment with different (6 hr, 12 hr, and 24 hr) acid exposure times. Following 24-hr acid treatment, the tetrahedral Si4+structure was not fully collapsed but most of it turns into three-dimensional SiO2impurity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A cytotoxic triterpenoid saponin was isolated from the under-ground parts of Gypsophila pilulifera Boiss.& Heldr. (Caryophyllaceae) naturally grow in the southwestern region of the Turkey. The structures of saponin was elucidated as 3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl quillaic acid 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→4]-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-fucopyranosyl ester on the basis of extensive spectral analysis and chemical evidence. The separated triterpenoid saponin was isolated from Gypsophila pilulifera for the first time. The saponin compound displayed significant cytotoxicity against A549 cell line with IC50 values >16μM. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: The fresh leaves of Laurocerasus officinalis Roem. (Rosaceae) are externally used against pain and feverish symptoms in Turkish folk medicine. Aim of the study: Effects of the extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from the leaves of L. officinalis were investigated using in vivo models of inflammation and pain in mice. Methods: The crude ethanolic extract from the leaves of plant was sequentially fractionated into five subextracts; explicitly, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol, and remaining water extracts. Further studies were carried out on the most active EtOAc subextract was further subjected to fractionation through column chromatography. For the anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan-induced hind paw edema and acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability models, and for the antinociceptive activity p-benzoquinone-induced writhing test in mice were employed. Results: Ethanolic extract of the leaves was shown to possess significant inhibitory activity in the assay methods without inducing any gastric damage. Through bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation procedures three phenolic compounds, 2-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxyphenyl-acetic acid (1), kaempferol-3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2) and (+)-catechin (3) were isolated from the active fraction and their structures were elucidated by spectral techniques (1D and 2D NMR, ESIMS). Conclusion: The experimental data verified that Laurocerasus officinalis leaves displayed remarkable anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Extracts from aerial parts and roots of Tanacetum L. (emend. Briq.) chiliophyllum (Fisch. & Mey.) var. monocephalum Grierson from Turkey were investigated for their DPPH scavenging activity and contact toxicity against Sitophilus granarius. The ethyl acetate extract of aerial parts yielded a new sesquiterpene lactone 1-epi-chiliophyllin (1) which is a derivative of the compound chiliophyllin previously isolated from T. chiliophyllum var. heimerlei. Also known compounds; neolupenyl acetate (lup-12-ene-3β-acetate) (2), 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-3′,8-dimethoxyflavone (3), 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone (4) were isolated together with (1). Structures of the compounds were determined by spectral methods including UV, IR, MS and 1D, 2D NMR. Highest contact toxicity against the stored granary products pest S. granarius was observed after 48h (68.49±0.67%). Highest DPPH scavenging activity observed for ethyl acetate extract of the roots at 10mg/mL concentration (87.8±0.84%). The DPPH scavenging activities of the pure flavonoids (3,4) at 1mg/mL concentration were unsignificant (3, 16.4±0.16%; 4, 17.6±0.82%) when compared with the positive controls α-tocopherol (91.7±1.07%) and BHT (91.7±0.37%) at the same concentration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Two new flavonol derivatives, Geranioside A (kaempferol 3-[3-(α-rhamnopyranosyl)-4-oxy-5-hydroxy-6- methyl-3,4-dihyropyran-2H -2-pyranoside]) (1) and Geranioside B (quercetin 3-[3-(α-rhamnopyranosyl)-4-oxy-5-hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4-dihyropyran-2H -2-pyranoside]) (2), along with 5 known flavonols (quercetin (3), kaempferol (4), quercetin 4' -O-β-glucopyranoside (5), quercetin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside (6), and kaemferol-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (7)), a gallic acid derivative (methyl gallate (8)), and a hydrolysable tannin (pusilagin (9)), were isolated from the aerial parts of Geranium purpureum. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of UV, IR, and 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments as well as TOF-MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnopharmacological relevance: A traditional mastic named yakı sakızı prepared from the roots of Scorzonera latifolia (Fisch. and Mey.) DC. is used as a folk remedy for treatment of pain in Turkish folk medicine. Aim of the study: To isolate and identify the compounds responsible for the antinociceptive activity of S. latifolia using bioassay-guided fractionation. Materials and methods: The methanolic extract of the S. latifolia roots was prepared and subjected to isolation procedures such as solvent–solvent partitioning and column chromatography. Writhing and tail-flick tests were used to determine the antinociceptive activity. Results: The n-hexane fraction of the S. latifolia root methanolic extract showed potent antinociceptive activity in both writhing and tail-flick tests. Three compounds were isolated from n-hexane fraction using bioassay-guided chromatographic purification. Isolated compounds were the triterpene taraxasteryl myristate, taraxasteryl acetate, and fern-7-en-3-β-one, structures were elucidated by means of MS and NMR techniques. Both taraxasterol derivatives showed promising antinociceptive activity when compared to reference compounds. Conclusion: Results of the present study support the usage of S. latifolia in Turkish folk medicine. Both plant root extract and the isolated compounds showed promising antinociceptive activities. Our results suggested that antinociceptive activity of the plant extract is probably caused by the synergistic interaction of the isolated compounds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The main objective of this work is to propose an alternative method for evaluation of the waste machinery oil which is an environmental problem in Turkey. For this purpose, pyrolysis of waste machinery oil was conducted in a tubular reactor. Effect of the experimental conditions (various temperatures, catalyst type) on the formation of pyrolytic oil, gas, and char was investigated. Nickel supported on silica and zeolite (HZSM-5) were used as catalysts. Properties of the pyrolytic oils were characterized by gas chromatograph equipped with a mass selective detector (GC–MS), gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC–FID for boiling point range distribution), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, higher heating value measurement, and elemental analysis. The behavior of the metals in the waste machinery oil and the pyrolytic oil samples was also quantitatively detected by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis. As, Cd and Cr contents of the all pyrolytic oils were found as <0.05ppm, while Cu content of the pyrolytic oils varied between 0.3ppm and 0.61ppm. Only Vanadium contents of the pyrolytic oils obtained at 800°C (0.342ppm) and in the presence of HZSM5 (0.57ppm) increased compared to that obtained by waste machinery oil (0.1ppm). Lower metal contents of the pyrolytic oils reveal that pyrolysis of the waste machinery oils leads to the formation of environmental friendly pyrolytic oils with higher heating values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Investigates the origins of perturbed carboxyl pKa values in turkey ovomucoid third domain (OMTKY3) using site-directed mutagenesis. Large effects of Lys 34; Use of two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Possible key role of hydrogen bonds in perturbing some of the carboxyl ionization equilibria in OMTKY3.

Benchtop NMR systems offers various advantages such as being easy to use, not requiring constant maintenance and being available at affordable prices. In this study, multiple aspects of benchtop NMR spectroscopy were explored to analyze milk in an industrial context, either regarding the quality of production or regarding the differentiation of the final product. The first part focuses on the production conditions of lactose hydrolysis in milk and quantitative online NMR spectroscopy was adapted to follow lactose hydrolysis in milk in continuous flow mode. The second part focuses on differentiating milk samples having different properties. 36 milk samples from France and Turkey were analysed and glycerol, fat and sugar contents were measured from the NMR spectra. Combination of spectroscopic data with a proposed Artificial Neural Network model enabled to classify milk of different origins and different properties. This study shows that benchtop NMR spectroscopy is a versatile non-destructive control method that can help controlling milk quality both during and after production. • Multiple aspects of benchtop NMR spectroscopy were used to analyze milk. • Benchtop system was adapted to follow lactose hydrolysis in milk in flow mode. • Combination of spectroscopic and multivariate approaches enabled to classify milk. • Benchtop NMR spectroscopy was shown as a method to control and ensure milk quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which investigates the cytotoxic activity and chemical constituents of Ranunculus pedatus subspecie (subsp.) pedatus Waldst. & Kit plant in Turkey. The study used various methods including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, column chromatography (CC), and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, to study the extracts in Ranunculus. Study reveals that cytotoxic isovitexin and vitexin may be responsible for the brine shrimp cytotoxicity observed in some extracts.

The article reports on the identification of norditerpenoid alkaloids from the dried and aerial parts of Delphinium cinereum collected near fields and roadsides in Antalya-Akseki in Turkey. This is the second time the occurrence of N-deethylperegrine alcohol in a plant is reported. The 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data of the isolated alkaloids are presented and the NMR spectra are recorded.

Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a potentially life-threatening condition and early diagnosis still remains a challenge, causing a delay in management leading to tubal rupture., Objectives: To identify putative plasma biomarkers for the detection of tubal EP and elucidate altered biochemical pathways in EP compared to intrauterine pregnancies., Methods: This case-control study included prospective recruitment of 39 tubal EP cases and 89 early intrauterine pregnancy controls. Plasma samples were biochemically profiled using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H NMR). To avoid over-fitting, datasets were randomly divided into a discovery group (26 cases vs 60 controls) and a test group (13 cases and 29 controls). Logistic regression models were developed in the discovery group and validated in the independent test group. Area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), 95% confidence interval (CI), sensitivity, and specificity values were calculated., Results: In total 13 of 43 (30.3%) metabolite concentrations were significantly altered in EP plasma (p < 0.05). Metabolomic profiling yielded significant separation between EP and controls (p < 0.05). Independent validation of a two-metabolite model consisting of lactate and acetate, achieved an AUC (95% CI) = 0.935 (0.843-1.000) with a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 96.6%. The second metabolite model (D-glucose, pyruvate, acetoacetate) performed well with an AUC (95% CI) = 0.822 (0.657-0.988) and a sensitivity of 84.6% and specificity of 86.2%., Conclusion: We report novel metabolomic biomarkers with a high accuracy for the detection of EP. Accurate biomarkers could potentially result in improved early diagnosis of tubal EP cases.