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Regression models that estimate daily pan evaporation for inland and coastal regions of Southeastern U.S. were developed using observations of wind speed, solar radiation, minimum relative humidity, and maximum temperature. These weather elements are collected in numerous locations where measured pan evaporation records are not available, allowing an estimation of pan evaporation across large regions with higher point pattern density than is available using pan evaporation sites only. Sixteen models were developed and tested. An innovative model selection metric was developed, employing R square, Pearson's correlation coefficient, average difference between estimated and measured evaporation, root mean-squared error, and mean absolute error. Models selected included two validated for use in inland environments and one validated for use in coastal environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract  The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) continues to make progress toward long-term lunar habitation. Critical to the design of a lunar habitat is an understanding of the lunar surface environment. A subject for further definition is the lunar impact ejecta environment. The document NASA SP-8013 was developed for the Apollo program and is the latest definition of the ejecta environment. There is concern that NASA SP-8013 may over-estimate the lunar ejecta environment. NASA’s Meteoroid Environment Office (MEO) has initiated several tasks to improve the accuracy of our understanding of the lunar surface ejecta environment. This paper reports the results of experiments on projectile impact into powered pumice targets, simulating unconsolidated lunar regolith. The Ames Vertical Gun Range (AVGR) was used to accelerate spherical Pyrex projectiles of 0.29g to velocities ranging between 2.5 and 5.18 km/s. Impact on the pumice target occurred at normal incidence. The ejected particles were detected by thin aluminum foil targets placed around the pumice target in a 0.5 Torr vacuum. A simplistic technique to characterize the ejected particles was formulated. Improvements to this technique will be discussed for implementation in future tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: While it is known that patients with schizophrenia recognize facial emotions, specifically negative emotions, less accurately, little is known about how they misattribute these emotions to other emotions and whether such misattribution biases are associated with symptoms, course of the disorder, or certain cognitive functions. Method: Outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (n =73) and healthy controls (n =30) performed a computerised Facial Emotion Attribution Test and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Patients were also rated on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results: Patients were poor at recognizing fearful and angry emotions and attributed fear to angry and angry to neutral expressions. Fear-as-anger misattributions were predicted independently by a longer duration of illness and WCST perseverative errors. Conclusion: The findings show a bias towards misattributing fearful and angry facial emotions. The propensity for fear-as-anger misattribution biases increases as the length of time that the disorder is experienced increases and a more rigid style of information processing is used. This, at least in part, may be perpetuated by subtle fearfulness expressed by others while interacting with people with schizophrenia. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article presents information on traumatic brain injury (TBI) as well as its affect on the mental health of military veterans in the U.S. It presents the case study of Joe Johnson, a war veteran who was discharged from the military after being diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder and TBI. The article mentions the symptoms of TBI as memory disturbance, decreased attention span, language problems, lack of motivation, and reduced efficiency of information processing.

In support of an assessment of the mortality impacts of the Kuwait Oil Fires we interviewed six European experts in epidemiology and toxicology using formal procedures for elicitation of expert judgment. While the primary focus of the elicitations was to characterize the public health impacts of the fires, the experts provided quantitative estimates of the mortality impacts of hypothetical changes in the levels of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in both the United States and Europe. Uncertainty was assessed by asking each expert to provide the 5th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles of their subjective cumulative probability density function for each quantity of interest. The results suggest that many regulatory risk assessments underestimate the impacts of PM2.5 mortality; confirm that only a small fraction of the mortality impact occurs within the first few months after exposure; and indicate that it may be important to better address the differential toxicities of particles from various source classes. By providing quantitative estimates of the uncertainty in current estimates of PM2.5 mortality risks, the study facilitates structured analysis of the value of further research on PM2.5 and its impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates the interregional migration of partnered gays and lesbians between 1995 and 2000 as the first attempt at understanding the determinants of gay and lesbian migration using data from the Public Use Microdata Sample of the 2000 U.S. Census. Briefly, the findings are as follows. Both partnered gays and lesbians are regionally distributed throughout the United States consistent with the geographical distribution of the entire U.S. population. However, the shifting location of the partnered gay and lesbian population between 1995 and 2000 demonstrates significant variability. The general conclusion to be reached from models of the net migration of the partnered gay and lesbian population in that period is as follows: Partnered gay migration is directed toward moderate-sized urban regions rich in natural amenities without regard for tolerance toward gay lifestyles or the absolute or relative size of the partnered gay community. Partnered lesbian migration is focused on less-populous regions with a large, existing, partnered lesbian population. The role of natural amenities, the tolerance for lesbian lifestyles, and population density are not significant in determining partnered lesbian migration. The only trait partnered gay and lesbian migrations have in common is in their move toward less populous regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a speech by John P. Cooke, president of the Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, delivered at the 18th Annual Meeting of the Society for Vascular Medicine in the U.S. He discusses the developments driving the emergence of vascular medicine, which will fund five new training programs in vascular medicine in the country. He believes that radical changes in training are necessary to reduce the excessive prolongation of training.

Background: Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand consistently place near the top of the United Nations Development Programme's Human Development Index (HDI) rankings, yet all have minority Indigenous populations with much poorer health and social conditions than non-Indigenous peoples. It is unclear just how the socioeconomic and health status of Indigenous peoples in these countries has changed in recent decades, and it remains generally unknown whether the overall conditions of Indigenous peoples are improving and whether the gaps between Indigenous peoples and other citizens have indeed narrowed. There is unsettling evidence that they may not have. It was the purpose of this study to determine how these gaps have narrowed or widened during the decade 1990 to 2000. Methods: Census data and life expectancy estimates from government sources were used to adapt the Human Development Index (HDI) to examine how the broad social, economic, and health status of Indigenous populations in these countries have changed since 1990. Three indices -- life expectancy, educational attainment, and income -- were combined into a single HDI measure. Results: Between 1990 and 2000, the HDI scores of Indigenous peoples in North America and New Zealand improved at a faster rate than the general populations, closing the gap in human development. In Australia, the HDI scores of Indigenous peoples decreased while the general populations improved, widening the gap in human development. While these countries are considered to have high human development according to the UNDP, the Indigenous populations that reside within them have only medium levels of human development. Conclusion: The inconsistent progress in the health and well-being of Indigenous populations over time, and relative to non-Indigenous populations, points to the need for further efforts to improve the social, economic, and physical health of Indigenous peoples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The use and adherence to statin therapy in American Indians and Alaska Natives with coronary artery disease (CAD) were studied. Methods. A retrospective database analysis of the Phoenix Area of the Indian Health Service was conducted. For the cohort of patients with CAD, prescription data were obtained for all statins during calendar year 2003. Use was determined by the presence of at least one statin prescription, whereas adherence was assessed using the medication possession ratio (MPR), persistence, and median gap. Results. The study cohort was composed of 2095 adults (55.6% men) with at least one medical encounter for CAD during calendar year 2002. The mean ± S.D. age of the cohort was 62.7 ± 12.7 years. At least one prescription for any statin drug during 2003 was found for 865 (41.3%) patients. Those who received a statin were more likely to be male, be younger than 80 years, and have a greater number of medical visits. The mean MPR was 0.78 ± 0.25, and nonadherence was found in approximately 40% of patients receiving statins. In the age category of 65-79 years, men were more adherent than women, and patients in this category were overall more adherent than younger patients. Conclusion. The use of statins in a cohort of American Indians and Alaska Natives at high risk for cardiovascular events was approximately 40% with a 60% adherence rate. Age, sex, and number of medical visits were associated with statin use, and age and sex were associated with adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines efforts by organizations and states to describe the competencies of a parent educator, to explain what parent educators teach parents through parent education, and to show how that informs parent educator competencies. An overview of Nick Carter's report on the status of parent education in the U.S. is presented. It describes the Certified Family Life Educator, a certification program of the National Council on Family Relations. It discusses how practitioners can use these competencies as they are currently articulated to assess their level of competency.

The article presents a speech by Dr Michael Bacharach, president of the Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology (SVMB), delivered at the 17th Annual Scientific Session of the society on June 2-3, 2006. Depicting the growth of the society, he discusses SVMB's contribution to the field of vascular medicine. He also outlines the original mission of the society and considers American Board of vascular Medicine as an important development in professional education for internists.

Animal populations exhibit wide ranges of divergence associated with both geographic and genetic distances. Here, we examined the role of crossing distance on the cardiovascular response to exhaustive exercise among differentiated stocks of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides at 10°C and 20°C. Stocks of 2+ fish were produced using adults from three regions in the midwestern United States (southeastern Wisconsin, northwestern Wisconsin, and west central Minnesota) and were crossed with fish from central Illinois. Doppler flow probes were used to quantify cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume. Cardiac variables (both resting and maximal) were consistently lowest in pure Illinois fish relative to the F1 interstock hybrids. Additionally, when exposed to exercise, cardiac variables for F1 interstock hybrids required ∼40% longer to return to resting levels compared with the pure Illinois stock. However, the time required to exhaust fish was similar across stocks. Interestingly, all of the stocks (including the interstock hybrids and pure Illinois) maintained cardiac scope. In general, the patterns observed in cardiovascular performance were consistent for both water temperatures. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine which of the divergence metrics contributed to variation in cardiovascular performance in interstock hybrids. Mitochondrial DNA data (genetic distance) were infrequently identified as a significant source of variation in cardiovascular performance. However, genetic distance data for the neutral allozyme markers revealed that these stocks have experienced significant divergence. Latitude (geographic distance) accounted for between 31% and 45% of variation observed in the recovery parameters. This study suggests that the magnitude of stock divergence is an important determinant in the degree to which cardiovascular performance of bass is altered from interstock hybridization and associated breakdown of coadapted gene complexes. Furthermore, these data suggest that translocating bass among even geographically discrete regions or among stocks with reasonable genetic similarity can result in substantial performance alterations at the F1 generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the application of model-based languages and risk analysis methodologies in NASA agency to raise software development to the level of hardware development. According to the report, the application aims to achieve a fusion of systems and software engineering by replacing conventional software development techniques with capability engineering that focuses on a system's full set of functionality. The author also includes a discussion on the agency's future systems mission, baseline review of the ISS Software, ISS architecture, ISS change process and costs, and others.

More than 800,000 African American men are currently incarcerated in prisons or jails in the United States. Most of these men leave prison ill prepared to return to society as workers, or to reintegrate into family settings. Returning from prison is complicated by struggles in the housing and job markets. This article begins with a review of literature exploring drug laws and disproportionate incarceration rates, homelessness, and joblessness. Data from a community-based, qualitative study of African American men following incarceration is presented. A discussion of how incarceration influenced their return to family situations is included that supports the findings by earlier studies on the effects of homelessness and joblessness on individuals and families. The article concludes with recommendations for the development of targeted support systems and offers suggestions for future nursing research with this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the personal dilemmas, professional challenges and ethical questions faced by lesbian and gay librarians in the United States. Key issues examined include the need for the creation of GLBT library organizations that provide support for gay and lesbian librarians in and out of the workplace, an overview of the prevailing cultural climate in libraries and among library employees and recommendations citing an ideal ethical position concerning the issue of gay and lesbian librarians.

This article describes the presently existing laws in the United States related to prostitution. It also analyzes the impact of those laws on individuals involved in the activity. It also discusses the federal government's role in regulating prostitution, specifically with regard to trafficking of prostitutes and sex tourism by U.S. citizens or admitted aliens. The complex nature of the U.S. sex industry has created a criminal discourse infused with social, sexual, gendered and emotional elements. The sex industry as a broad category includes legal activities such as phone sex operation, stripping and adult pornography as well as illegal acts such as pimping, pandering and prostitution. Regulation of prostitution in states is done through penal codes criminalizing solicitation of sex, pandering and pimping. The federal courts have recognized that the primary responsibility of policing sexual misconduct lies with the states rather than the federal government. The transportation of min for illegal sexual activity is also prohibited by the state statutes.

This article attempts to directly observe the effect of being a tied migrant on the economic status of the civilian husbands and wives of military personnel in order to confirm whether previously observed trailing-wife effects are consistent with being a tied migrant.A sample of the civilian husbands of women in the military and the civilian wives of men in the military are drawn from the Public Use Microdata Sample of the 1990 U.S. Census. Ordinal logit models of labor-market status and tobit models of hours worked are estimated, which include a migrant status variable.Migration is associated with a 10 percent decline in employment among all civilian wives and a four-hour decline in hours worked per week among civilian wives who remain employed. Migration is associated with a statistically insignificant but very similar 6 percent drop in employment among all civilian men and a five-hour decline in hours worked per week among civilian men who remain employed.The results provide solid evidence that being a tied migrant, irrespective of gender, is disruptive to both labor-market status and hours worked. Thus, the assumption that wives are harmed because of their disproportionate status as tied migrants is supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attitudes of young people in the United States of America (n=145), Great Britain (n=177) and Western Australia (n=219), towards the possession and use of firearms were explored. These were measured on an Attitudes Toward Gun Scale [Branscombe et al., 1991 “A three factor scale of attitudes towards guns,” Aggr. Behav. 17:261], with particular reference to its three underlying dimensions (rights, causes crime, and protects from crime). Findings on these three dimensions of the ATGS indicate American respondents to be in greatest favour of gun possession, scoring significantly higher than Australian and British respondents in the belief that it is a citizen's right to own a gun, and that guns provide protectionfrom crime. Australian and British respondents scored higher on items referring to the belief that guns stimulate crime. An additional item added to the scale by Cooke and Puddifoot [2000] concerning the right to carry concealed weapons gained little support from British, Australian, or American respondents. This, together with low mean scores by respondents from all nations on protection, questions the introduction of ‘gun-carry’ laws in many states throughout the USA. Discussion centres upon the implications of such findings, and the usefulness for future research of a measure designed to explore why people own guns, choose to carry weapons, and keep guns in the home. Aggr. Behav. 30:93–104, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses wage and industry effects in the U.S. regional incomes from 1840 to 1987. The Solow growth and the Heckscher-Ohlin trade models describe two competing processes through which regional incomes converge over time. In 1951 economist Frank Hanna recognized that an index of average income per worker of a region compared to the same avenge for the nation equals the sum of the region's wage and industry effects. A wage index method was developed based on an assumed constant elasticity of substitution income function.

This Editorial introduces the Special Issue on 'Biotechnology Clusters and Beyond'. Drawing on the interventions of five commissioned articles from Canada, Germany, Israel, the UK and the US it suggests that biotechnology clusters are interesting and important intellectually and for policy deliberation. They pose questions about basic cluster theory because localized networks, though intense, may not be as extensive as global ones infirm practices, especially as these evolve over time. Moreover, innovation is more deeply embedded in the publicly landed science base than for 'Porterian' clusters. Regarding innovation, biotechnology is also less obviously Schumpeterian, there being little market-driven 'creative destruction', and is arguably, with its strong emphasis on both large- and small-firm 'capabilities'—Penrosian—an emphasis in clustering research and applications that warrants further investigation. Finally, at the specific technology-exploitation phase, market interactions assert themselves over milieu characteristics because scientists know the value of their discoveries and there is accordingly high appropriability associated with such knowledge capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alfalfa sprouts contaminated with the bacterial pathogens Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella have been the source of numerous outbreaks of foodborne illness in the United States and in other countries. The seed used for sprouting appears to be the primary source of these pathogens. The aim of this study was to determine whether the efficacy of commercial citrus-related products for sanitizing sprouting seed is similar to that of high levels of chlorine. Five products (Citrex, Pangermex, Citricidal, Citrobio, and Environné) were tested at concentrations of up to 20,000 ppm in sterile tap water and compared with buffered chlorine (at 16,000 ppm). Alfalfa seeds were inoculated with four-strain cocktails of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 to give final initial concentrations of ca. 9.0 and 7.0 CFU/g, respectively. Treatments (10 min) with Citrex, Pangermex, and Citricidal at 20,000 ppm and chlorine at 16,000 ppm produced similar log reductions for alfalfa seed inoculated with four-strain cocktails of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella (3.42 to 3.46 log CFU/g and 3.56 to 3.74 log CFU/g, respectively), and all four treatments were significantly (P < 0.05) more effective than the control treatment (a buffer wash). Citrobio at 20,000 ppm was as effective as the other three products and chlorine against Salmonella but not against E. coli O157:H7. Environné was not more effective (producing reductions of 2.2 to 2.9 log CFU/g) than the control treatment (which produced reductions of 2.1 to 2.3 log CFU/g) against either pathogen. None of the treatments reduced seed germination. In vitro assays, as well as transmission electron microscopy, confirmed the antibacterial nature of the products that were effective against the two pathogens and indicated that they were bactericidal. When used at 20,000 ppm, the effective citrus-related products may be viable alternatives to chlorine for the sanitization of sprouting seed pending regulatory approval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The representation of handguns by a sample of university students (n = 96) from one of the southern states of the US, was contrasted with that of a sample of university students in the UK (n = 100), employing ANOVA and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis. Exploring the structure of response, the findings showed little evidence for a common cross-locational representation of handguns for the US and UK samples taken together. There was support for the existence of distinctive locational representations, some support for gender-specific representations, and strong support for representations of handguns according to particular combinations of locality and gender. Representations of handguns by US males from the southern states were the most distinctive, complex and integrated in structure, bringing into question simplistic assumptions concerning the nature of an alleged ‘southern sub-culture of violence’ or of a more general ‘gun culture’. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the rise of agricultural seed certification resulted from the joint effort between farmers and scientists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century in the U.S. Factors that made farmers dependent on seed dealers and scientists; Way to examine seed certification; Impact of the opening of seed stores on the seed industry; Reliability of seed obtained from state experiments stations.

Presents a study that assessed the number of insect bites, the extent of the insect biting nuisance and the impact on expedition activities of British youth in Alaska. Methodology; Results and discussion.

Investigates the career development of Latinas in the United States based on emergent model. Unplanned and nonlinear career paths; Influence of socioeconomic status and educational experiences on participants' sense of self and career motivation; Importance of relational support systems.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the long-term effects of a multidisciplinary approach involving structured fun-type skill learning physical activities in the treatment of obese and overweight children. DESIGN: A longitudinal investigation incorporating repeated measurements before and after the 8 week intervention and after the 44 week follow-up period. METHODS: The camp programme (Massachusetts, USA) utilised structured fun-based skill learning physical activities, moderate dietary restriction and behaviour modification. The primary aims of the intervention were to reduce body mass and promote the maintenance of the reduction in body mass using an alternative to standard exercise prescription. SUBJECTS: One-hundred and ninety-four children (64 boys and 130 girls, aged 12.6±2.5 y) enrolled at a summer weight loss camp, of which 102 children (38 boys and 64 girls aged 13.6±2.4 y) returned 1 y later. MEASUREMENTS: On commencement of the programme all children were assessed for body mass and stature. At follow-up, data was available on 102 subjects for body mass and stature. RESULTS: Over the 8 week intervention significant reductions (P=0.00) in body mass were obtained. During the 44 week follow-up significant increases (P=0.00) were noted in body mass, body mass index (BMI) and stature, but as expected there were large variations in the responses. One year after the initial measures had been taken mean body mass and BMI were lower than at the start of the intervention, BMI significantly so (week 0, 32.9 ± 7.4 kg/m²; week 8 29.1 ± 6.5 kg/m²; week 52, 30.05 ± 7.04 kg/m²); (P=0.00). Stature increased significantly (week 0, 1.58 ± 0.12 m; week 52, 1.64±0.11 m) (P=0.00) during this period, demonstrating a reduction in mean body mass over a I y period whilst subjects continued to increase in stature. When changes in BMI are analysed with the use of standard scores, there is a non-significant increase (P=0.07) in BMI... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the research of the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center into artificial intelligence (AI) and high performance computing. Information on the Remote Agent AI software; Reasons for the investment in AI research; Characteristics of the artificial neural networks (ANN). INSETS: FutureFlight Central;NASA Center of Excellence for Information Technology.

Editorial. Comments on the achievement of three American scientist on 1998 Nobel prize for Physiology or Medicine. Accounts on the discovery of nitric oxide; Role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide in vascular physiology; Discovery on signalling molecule nitric oxide by the scientist.

This article presents information on the issue of what recruit characteristics have been associated with "successful" adaptation to the military in the era of the all-volunteer force and male recruits in the U.S. Navy. Early attrition behavior is strongly associated with recruit characteristics observed at the time of enlistment and appearing on personnel records established at that time. By far the most important indicator of attrition propensity is whether or not the recruit is a high school diploma graduate. Early attrition rates for those without such diplomas, including those with some type of equivalency diploma (certificate) are typically twice as large as those for diploma graduates. Differences in attrition propensity between diploma graduates and either certificate holders or nongraduates remain even when comparisons are made within narrowly defined entry test score categories. Because the result is independent of measured aptitude, the traditional diploma is believed to measure an individuals adaptability, or ability to cope with discipline, rather than knowledge.

Presents the results of a study on the probability of married women gaining employment after family migration in the midwestern United States in 1980. Having access to job opportunities; Quality of employment afforded to women; Methods used; Conclusion of the study.

Provides historical background on the origin of the United States National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Purpose of the institute's creation; Legislations passed for the institute; Accomplishments of the group.

Presents the methods used by the California State University-Chico (CSUC) in the development of an online searching program as a course segment. Use of dialog as database vendor; Instructor's familiarity with computers and network connections; Sample lessons from course teaching.

Identifies a set of personal variables to predict graduate student attrition in the United States with emphasis on variables that universities can influence. Graduate student attitudes and intentions as significant factors in attrition; Ways to improve affective commitment to the university.

Examines the usefulness of reducing sequential data in terms of procedural networks to study human-computer interaction in the U.S. Calculation of the conditional transition probabilities; Consequences of the different task conditions and user characteristics; Design of information retrieval system.

Tests the hypothesis that census tract African American male unemployment rates are negatively related to the number of local job opportunities. Spatial mismatch hypothesis; Rejection of hypothesis in the specific context of Indianapolis in 1990.

The use of historical sources in geomorphological analysis has had a long tradition in geography and is now undergoing a resurgence. A substantial body of data is available, and the search for it should extend from the National Archives to state and company records and county and city offices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Describes the attempt to reduce population levels of native pest species in Clear Lake in Lake County, California through an ecological systems approach to pest management. Information on the attempt to control gnat with chemical treatment; Correlation between gnat numbers and fish populations; Effects of silverside introduction on fish populations. INSETS: THE DEADLY CHAIN;THE ECOLOGY OF CLEAR LAKE.

Discusses the definition of liberty formulated by John Adams, the sixth president of the United States. Adams' preoccupation with the meaning of liberty to the American context; Liberty as an intellectual property separate from fate or chance; Adams' assumption about human nature; Relationship between freedom and property.

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were investigated in the roots of flowering plants and ferns obtained from a variety of Connecticut freshwater wetland habitats. We sampled 290 plants from 89 species of 75 genera disposed among 42 families of flowering plants. All species of mature plants as well as selected young plants on developing shorelines were colonized by mycorrhizal fungi, suggesting that this phenomenon is common in the development of vegetation associated with fluctuating water, nutrient, and oxygen conditions. The purpose of this report is to make soil conservationists, wetland agents, and others concerned with wetlands aware of this relationship as they select plants for use in restoration, and to point out the widespread nature of the endomycorrhizal phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates the dimensionality, discriminant and predictive validities of a 15-item version of Burbach's University Alienation Scale. Questionnaire given to graduate students; Three-factor structure; Confirmatory factor analysis.

Focuses on the role of the U.S. Court of Military Appeals (CMA) in the administration of the military justice system in the country. Historical background, nature and powers of the court; Absence of a direct appeal from the CMA and the Supreme Court or to any other federal court; Role of the commander in the military justice system; Court's willingness to adopt new procedures for military justice.

Questionnaires designed to measure the perceived value of technical terminology for psycholegal reports were completed by 67 judges, 78 forensic psychiatrists, and 126 forensic psychologists. Judges were asked for ratings of the degree to which each term aids their understanding, and clinicians were asked for ratings of the likelihood that they would use each term in a report for the court. Rank-ordered ratings of the 45 terms were highly correlated among the three respondent groups, suggesting that forensic clinicians are generally aware of the problem of using incomprehensible psychojargon. Empirical ratings can be helpful in distinguishing between comprehensible and incomprehensible psychojargon for psycholegal use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the management challenges facing social work in an era of diminishing federal government's responsibility in the United States. The progressive movement emerged in the United States during the late 19th century. Progressives promoted a rational, public, social sciences-based government response to social problems that emphasized economic regulation, meritocracy, social insurance, and other protections, as well as the "professionalization" of services. Progressives were optimistic and humane, and they promoted an environmental view of human behavior that was in contrast to the 19th century view of individual character and will as explanations of the shortcomings of society. The progressive view helped create the context for the development of social work as a profession and established the American social policy agenda for the 20th century. In response to the Great Depression of the 1930s, U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal federalized many progressive-initiated state-level social programs. As a result, a new scope of pro- grant construct was created through federal legislation with significant implications for program funding and responsibility.

Focuses on the development of treatment options at the US Agricultural Research Service's (ARS) Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory to protect livestock from biting pests. Assistance to livestock farmers in controlling pests and reducing the amount of pesticides in use; Improvements made to pest-control eartags for livestock; Vaccines to control cattle grubs and mange mites.

Discusses the importance of keeping animals in healthy sanitary conditions and improving pathogen detection methods in the efforts to reduce foodborne illnesses in the United States. Microorganisms that threaten consumers through food; Consumer benefits of reducing pathogen levels in pigs; Technological innovations in curbing foodborne illnesses and microbial contamination.