51. Traversal of the Blood-Brain Barrier by Cleavable l-Lysine Conjugates of Apigenin.
- Author
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Wong TY, Tsai MS, Hsu LC, Lin SW, and Liang PH
- Subjects
- Animals, Apigenin administration & dosage, Apigenin chemistry, Apium chemistry, Apium metabolism, Brain metabolism, Humans, Kinetics, Lysine administration & dosage, Lysine chemistry, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Molecular Structure, Petroselinum chemistry, Petroselinum metabolism, Plant Extracts administration & dosage, Plant Extracts chemistry, Apigenin metabolism, Blood-Brain Barrier metabolism, Lysine metabolism, Plant Extracts metabolism
- Abstract
Apigenin, a flavone abundant in parsley and celery, is known to act on several CNS receptors, but its very poor water solubility (<0.001 mg/mL) impedes its absorption in vivo and prevents clinical use. Herein, apigenin was directly conjugated with glycine, l-phenylalanine, and l-lysine to give the corresponding carbamate derivatives, all of which were much more soluble than apigenin itself (0.017, 0.018, and 0.13 mg/mL, respectively). The Lys-apigenin carbamate 10 had a temporary sedative effect on the mice within 5 min of intraperitoneal administration (single dose of 0.4 mg/g) and could be detected in the mice brain tissues at a concentration of 0.82 μg/g of intact Lys-apigenin carbamate 10 and 0.42 ug/g of apigenin at 1.5 h. This study accomplished the delivery of apigenin across the BBB in a manner that might be applicable to other congeners, which should inform the future development of BBB-crossing flavonoids.
- Published
- 2018
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