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Background. CKD-MBD is a mineral and bone metabolism syndrome caused by chronic kidney disease. FGF23 is an important factor regulating phosphorus and is the main influencer in the CKD-MBD process. In this study, we observed the correlation among serum FGF23 and calcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone, and the correlation between FGF23 levels and cardiac structural changes in MHD patients. Methods. We examined serum FGF23 concentrations in 107 cases of MHD patients using the ELISA method, recorded demographic information and biochemical data, and analyzed the correlation between serum FGF23 levels and blood calcium and blood phosphorus and PTH levels. All patients were evaluated by cardiac color ultrasound, and we finally analyzed the association between the FGF23 level and cardiac structural changes. Results. In 107 cases of MHD patients, serum FGF23 levels were linearly associated with serum calcium (r = 0.27 P < 0.01 ) and parathyroid hormone levels (r = 0.25, P < 0.05 ). FGF 23 was negatively correlated with age (r = −0.44, P < 0.01 ).Serum FGF23 levels were correlated with right atrial hypertrophy in HD patients ( P < 0.05 ). No correlation was found among FGF23, left ventricular hypertrophy/enlargement, and valve calcification stenosis ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion. Serum FGF23 showed a positive correlation among blood calcium levels and PTH levels in hemodialysis patients, and FGF23 levels can affect the incidence of right atrial hypertrophy in MHD patients.

Anti-dumping as a trade protection measure has been recognized and protected by the world organization and countries around the world, and is a legal and stable form of measures that can be applied by countries around the world when facing domestic dumping of foreign goods. The approach is conducive to the protection of domestic industries and services, and is one of the tools used by countries to deal with unfair competition. China’s economy has gradually recovered since the reform and opening up, and on the basis of meeting domestic demand, enterprises seek other ways to expand production and obtain benefits. Foreign trade is a necessary condition for the development of a country’s economy. In recent years, China’s economic development and foreign trade momentum is rapid, China’s trade gradually into anti-dumping dilemma. In the face of such problems, first of all, we must have a grasp of the essence and purpose of the dumping problem, followed by a certain understanding of the current form of trade, dumping forms and means and methods, and then analyze the root causes of the high number of anti-dumping in China. In this paper, we will focus on the root causes of anti-dumping in China and propose solutions to this problem.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood and lacks noninvasive and effective diagnostic biomarkers. In this study, we performed urine metabolomics to identify biomarkers for DKD and to clarify the potential mechanisms associated with disease progression.We applied a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics method combined with bioinformatics analysis to investigate the urine metabolism characteristics of 79 participants, including healthy subjects (n = 20), T2DM patients (n = 20), 39 DKD patients that included 19 DKD with microalbuminuria (DKD + micro) and 20 DKD with macroalbuminuria (DKD + macro).Seventeen metabolites were identified between T2DM and DKD that were involved in amino acid, purine, nucleotide and primarily bile acid metabolism. Ultimately, a combined model consisting of 2 metabolites (tyramine and phenylalanylproline) was established, which had optimal diagnostic performance (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.94). We also identified 19 metabolites that were co-expressed within the DKD groups and 41 metabolites specifically expressed in the DKD + macro group. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed three interaction networks of these 60 metabolites, involving the sirtuin signaling pathway and ferroptosis signaling pathway, as well as the downregulation of organic anion transporter 1, which may be important mechanisms that mediate the progression of DKD.This work reveals the metabolic alterations in T2DM and DKD, constructs a combined model to distinguish them and delivers a novel strategy for studying the underlying mechanism and treatment of DKD.

This study investigates heavy metal contamination of commonly consumed medicinal herbs and human health risks to the Chinese population arising from the consumption of herbs that contain potentially harmful elements. Food safety standards for Chinese residents are becoming stricter, and much work in this field needs to be performed. This study examines Co, Ba, Fe, Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Be, Sb, and Bi concentrations in four regularly consumed Chinese herb species: Radix Paeoniae Alba (RPA), Radix Angelicae Dahuricae (RAD), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (RAM), and Radix Puerariae (RP). A pollution status examination and evaluation of heavy metals in RPA, RAD, RAM, and RP were performed. The human health risk assessment associated with the intake of potentially harmful elements in herbs was calculated in terms of the estimated daily intake (EDI), the target hazard quotient (THQ), the estimated hazard index (HI), and the lifetime cancer risk (CR). The mean single-factor pollution index (PI) showed that in the RPA, RAD, RAM, and RP samples, approximately 10.0%, 10.0%, 30.0%, and 10.0%, respectively, were polluted by Cd. The present study indicated that the pattern of consumption of the studied herbs in China does not seem to suggest an excessive health hazard associated with any of the toxic elements studied.

Background Non-puerperal uterine inversion is a rare condition with diagnostic and surgical challenges. Clinically, the inverted uterus appears as a mass protruding from the vagina and is often misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor and surgically removed. Case An 11-year-old girl was admitted to the emergency room due to spontaneous vaginal mass protrusion. The pudendum examination showed an irregular and dark red neoplasm protruding from the vagina. The final diagnosis was non-puerperal uterine inversion with an endometrial polyp. Summary and Conclusion MRI is the key to the diagnosis of uterine inversion. Our review confirmed that the 11-year-old girl was the youngest in the world to suffer from non-puerperal uterine inversion.

Recent genomic analyses of evolutionary radiations suggest that ancient introgression may facilitate rapid diversification and adaptive radiation. The loach genus Triplophysa, a genus with most species endemic to Tibetan plateau, shows ecological diversity and rapid evolution, and represents a potential example of adaptive radiation linked to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. Here, we interrogate the complex evolutionary history of Triplophysa fishes through the analysis of whole-genome sequences. By reconstructing the phylogeny of Triplophysa, quantifying introgression across this clade, and simulating speciation and migration processes, we confirm that extensive gene flow events occurred across disparate Triplophysa species. Our results suggest that introgression plays a more substantial role than incomplete lineage sorting in underpinning phylogenetic discordance in Triplophysa. The results also indicate that genomic regions affected by ancient gene flow exhibit characteristics of lower recombination rates and nucleotide diversity and may associate with selection. Simulation analysis of T. tibetana suggests that the species may have been affected by the Gonghe Movement in the third uplift of the Tibetan plateau, resulting in founder effects and a subsequent reduction in Ne.

Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is the main active component of Lycium barbarum and has many beneficial effects, including neuroprotection, antiaging, and antioxidation. This study mainly explores the immunomodulatory effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides against liver fibrosis based on the intelligent medical Internet of Things. This measure emphasizes that the current effective methods and methods for the treatment of liver cancer are mainly combined treatments of Western medicine and Chinese medicine. These treatments have a certain effect in preventing liver cancer, reducing recurrence, and reducing side effects. Among them, chemotherapy has unique advantages in improving the quality of life and prolonging survival. With the development of medical science and technology, the clinical efficacy and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of liver cancer are constantly improving. The mechanism is also studied from many aspects. The treatment time of LBPs on fibrotic hepatocytes was set to 24 h. Take liver fiber cells in logarithmic growth phase and incubate them at 37°C for 24 h. The whole process uses a temperature sensor for intelligent temperature control. In the experiment, groups of LBPs with different concentrations and different molecular weight ranges were set up and each group had 6 multiple holes. The original medium was aspirated and replaced with a medium containing different concentrations of LBPs (12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) and cultured for 24 h. Based on the previous research, this study used in vitro cell experiments, microscopic observation, and MTT method to verify whether Lycium barbarum polysaccharides inhibit the proliferation of human liver cancer cells in vitro and whether they cooperate with the chemotherapy drug fluorouracil to play a tumor-killing effect. Animal experiments, using ELISA, HE staining, and other methods, explore the molecular and immunological mechanisms of LBP’s antiliver cancer effect from the perspective of Th/Th2 differentiation balance and DC function, in order to provide experimental evidence for Chinese medicine polysaccharides in cancer immunotherapy and application. At different LBP concentrations (0 μmol/L, 5 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L, and 15 μmol/L), the inhibition rates were 0.80%, 20.06%, 35.44%, and 55.39%, respectively. This study provides a new method for large-scale expansion of hepatocytes in vitro, laying a stronger foundation for biological treatment of liver fibrosis.

The hollow microsphere structure materials binary disulfide Co1-xCuxS2 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) were synthesized by hydrothermal method with cobalt sulfate, copper sulfate, and sodium thiosulfate. The structure, morphology, and composition of Co1-xCuxS2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The influence of cobalt and copper content in Co1-xCuxS2 cathode material on the discharge performance of the cell was investigated. The experimental results show that the Co0.95Cu0.05S2 sample possesses the largest number of hollow microspheres, the internal resistance of the cell was lower and the specific capacity of the cell is higher. The results of constant current discharge showed that the optimal composition Co0.95Cu0.05S2 exhibits an ultra-high specific capacity of 531.8 mAh g-1 at 450℃ and the current density of 100 mA·cm-2 with the cut-off voltage of 1.5V. The best discharge temperature of Co0.95Cu0.05S2 was 450℃.

Based upon 2 years of ethnographic fieldwork, this study proposes “aspirational taste regime” as a critical concept through which to examine the emergence of a discursively constructed normative system in China’s Pick-Up Artist (PUA) training programs. By unpacking how taste is practiced both digitally and corporeally in these programs, the paper argues that Chinese PUA learners carefully curate taste for an illusionary, at times even deceptive, presentation of idealized masculinities to increase their matrimonial chances. In doing so, this paper extends the literature on taste regimes by moving beyond its typically Western focus. It directs attention to an aspirational taste regime that capitalizes on young men’s aspirations for idealized masculinities and prescribes a seemingly effortless but in fact highly curated online presentation of cultural-capital-oriented consumption.

This study develops a new class of Euler-buckled beam nonlinear energy sink (EBNES) with three configurations, which is expected to attenuate the disturbance effects and further enhance vibration suppression under launching and on-orbit loads simultaneously. The effects of arrangements on amplitude-frequency responses of the primary system are analyzed, and the approximate solutions are verified by numerical results. Comparisons with results exhibit that the EBNES-I is much more effective with significantly enhanced vibration reduction performance and stability in a broad frequency range. Furthermore, a two-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of the flywheel system, which integrates the EBNES-I and the satellite platform, is established. The vibration attenuation and bifurcation behaviors of the proposed EBNES-I is investigated, and the efficiency of the proposed EBNES-I in vibration reduction of the flywheel is compared to that of a cubic-stiffness NES. It is found that the EBNES-I exhibits a good vibration reduction performance on the dynamic responses of the flywheel system in launching and on-orbit stage simultaneously. Additionally, the bifurcations of the system are studied in order to find influences of gravity, excitation amplitudes and geometrical parameters on the stability of the EBNES. Calculation results provide suitable conditions for occurrence of the SN and Hopf bifurcations.

An ultrasensitive label-free electrochemical immunosensor of okadaic acid (OA) was studied based on electrodimerization of p-aminobenzoic acid (p-ABA)-modified gold three-dimensional nanoelectrode ensembles (3DNEEs) which were prepared by electroless gold plating and etching using polycarbonate as template. Staphylococcus protein A (SPA) was introduced to immobilize okadaic acid antibody (anti-OA). The morphology and composition of 3DNEEs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). The polydimer (p-aminobenzoic acid) (pPABA) film was measured by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The concentration of OA was measured by EIS and SWV. The detection limit of EIS is lower than that of SWV (6.47 × 10−3 ng mL−1 vs. 9.15 × 10−3 ng mL−1), but the linear OA detection range of the latter is wider (0.01–1.0 ng mL−1 vs. 0.01–0.8 ng mL−1). The average recovery of OA in oyster samples is 99.81%. The OA recovery test in oyster samples demonstrated potential application value of the electrochemical immunosensor.

Two C═C bond participation in annulation to pyridines using N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the N1 and C4 synthons has been carried out. In this reaction, DMF contributed one N atom and one C atom to two disconnected positions of pyridine ring, with no need for an additional nitrogen source. Two C═C bonds in two molecules of substituted styrenes offered four carbon atoms in the presence of iodine and persulfate. With the optimized conditions in hand, both symmetric and unsymmetric diaryl-substituted pyridines were obtained in useful yields. On the basis of relevant literature and a series of control experimental results, a possible mechanism was proposed in this work, which may demonstrate how DMF provides both N1 and C4 sources.

Previous studies have shown that deep brain stimulation (DBS) can improve the level of consciousness of comatose patients with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). However, the most suitable targets for DBS are unknown, and the mechanisms underlying recovery remain to be determined. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of lateral hypothalamic area-DBS (LHA-DBS) in comatose rats with TBIs.A total of 55 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups: the control group, TBI group, stimulated (TBI+LHA-DBS) group, antagonist (TBI+SB334867+LHA-DBS) group, and antagonist control (TBI+saline+LHA-DBS) group. The rats in the control group had undergone a sham operation and anesthesia, without coma induction. Coma was induced using a free-fall drop method. The rats in the stimulated group received bilateral LHA stimulation (frequency, 200 Hz; voltage, 2-4 V; pulse width, 0.1 ms) for 1 hour, with 5-minute intervals between subsequent stimulations, which were applied alternately to the left and right sides of the lateral hypothalamus. The comatose rats in the antagonist group received an intracerebroventricular injection with an orexins receptor type 1 (OX1R) antagonist (SB334867) and then received LHA-DBS. A I-VI consciousness scale and electroencephalography were used to assess the level of consciousness in each group of rats after LHA-DBS. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to detect OX1R expression in the LHA and α1-adrenoceptor (α1-AR) subtype and gamma-aminobutyric acid β receptor (GABABR) expression in the prefrontal cortex.In the TBI, stimulated, antagonist, and antagonist control groups, 5, 10, 6, and 9 rats were awakened. The electroencephalographic readings indicated that the proportion of δ waves was lower in the stimulated group than in the TBI and antagonist groups (P0.05). Western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis showed that OX1R expression was greater in the stimulated group than in the TBI group (P0.05). The expression of α1-AR was also greater in the stimulated group than in the TBI and antagonist groups (P0.05). In contrast, the GABABR levels in the stimulated group were lower than those in the TBI and antagonist groups (P0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the antagonist and antagonist control groups.Taken together, these results suggest that LHA-DBS promotes the recovery of consciousness in comatose rats with TBIs. Upregulation of α1-AR expression and downregulation of GABABR expression in the prefrontal cortex via the orexins and OX1R pathways might be involved in the wakefulness-promoting effects of LHA-DBS.

Proteins with hetero-bimetallic metal centers can catalyze important reactions and are challenging to design. Azurin is a mononuclear copper center that has been extensively studied for electron transfer. Here we inserted the lanthanide binding tag (LBT), which binds lanthanide with sub μM affinity, into the copper binding loop of azurin, while keeping the type 1 copper center unperturbed. The resulting protein, Az-LBT, which has two metal bonding centers, shows strong luminescence upon coordination with Tb3+ and luminescence quenching upon Cu2+ binding. The in vitro luminescence quenching has high metal specificity and a limit-of-detection of 0.65 μM for Cu2+. With the low background from lanthanide's long luminescence lifetime, bacterial cells expressing Az-LBT in the periplasm also shows sensitivity for metal sensing.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is gradually becoming a major public healthcare burden worldwide. Post-translational modifications carrying epigenetic information play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases. We performed lysine crotonylation (KCr) and lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) analyses with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to obtain a comprehensive profile and reveal the specific pathogenesis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in ESRD patients. 218 overlap proteins among differentially modified proteins (DMPs) of both 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation and crotonylation were identified. KEGG analysis enriched pathways of protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis which is closely related with cell apoptosis. In Bip, a master regulator in the ER, eight sites were identified as having both KCr and Khib modifications. Five differentially KCr modification sites and three differentially Khib-modified sites were detected between ESRD patients and normal controls. Besides Bip, other proteins (GRP94, CNX, CRT, PDIs, GlcII, ERP57, Bap31, Hsp70, and Hsp90) happened both KCr and Khib modifications. Nine DMPs having both KCr and Khib modifications were related to the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway containing two key regulatory enzymes of hexokinase-1 and pyruvate kinase. The two most abundant dual modification proteins were ENO1 and PGK1 with 15 sites and 8 sites, respectively. Lysine residue K228 with both KCr and Khib modifications in ENO1 was on its surface and made it accessible for p300 mediating dynamic modifications. Overall, we hypothesize that KCr and Khib comodifications may influence the number of immunocytes and further induce immune senescence in ESRD patients through the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway and protein processing in the ER process, which may be a potential therapeutic direction in the future.

The solid-state method is extensively applied to the synthesis of electrode materials for its simplicity and low cost. However, particles obtained using the traditional solid-state method exhibited...

The spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) has been attracted great attention as lithium ion cathode material due to its high voltage and large energy density. However, the practical application of LNMO is still limited by poor cycling stability. Herein, to improve the cycling stability of spinel LNMO, it was treated with anneal process at 900 °C for 2 h after prepared by traditional solid-state method (LNMO-A). LNMO-A sample presented better electrochemical property especially under high rate, with capacity of 91.2 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles under 10 C. Its superior electrochemical property was ascribed to the anneal process, resulting a stable crystal structure, indicated by XRD and Raman results of electrodes after 1000 cycles under 10 C and the longer solid-solution reaction, revealed by in-situ XRD. In addition, the optimized particle size, micro morphology and the larger BET area surface induced by the recrystallization in anneal process also contributes to its superior electrochemical property. What's more, the thin layer, which interacted LNMO-A particles with each other, induced by particles remelting in anneal process is also beneficial for its excellent electrochemical property. This study not only improved the electrochemical properties by anneal process, but also revealed the origins and mechanisms for its improvement.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth-most common cancer in the world, with an estimated 1.034 million new cases in 2015, and the third-highest cause of cancer deaths, estimated at 785,558, in 2014. Early diagnosis and treatment greatly affect the survival rate in patients with GC: the 5‐year survival rate of early GC reaches 90%‐95%, while the mortality rate significantly increases if GC develops to the late stage. Recently, studies for the role of RhoA in the diseases have become a hot topic, especially in the development of tumors. A study found that RhoA can regulate actin polymerization, cell adhesion, motor-myosin, cell transformation, and the ability to participate in the activities of cell movement, proliferation, migration, which are closely related to the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. However, the specific role of RhoA in tumor cells remains to be studied. Therefore, our current study aimed to briefly review the role of RhoA in GC, especially for its associated signaling pathways involved in the GC progression.

Castor bean is an oil crop plant (Euphorbiaceae) found across the tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions. Despite its important oil properties and cultivation in a wide range of environments, the molecular mechanisms of castor’s adaptation and metabolism have not been fully clarified due to difficulties in genetic modification approaches. The protoplasts of several other plant species have been used as versatile cell-based model systems to elucidate the biological functions of genes and proteins. Here, we report an optimized protocol for protoplast isolation from the leaves and cotyledons of castor bean. The main parameters evaluated to achieve the maximum protoplast yield were the application of a cell wall-degrading enzyme solution, the osmotic pressure of the enzymolysis solution, and the enzymolysis time. Transient expression and the main influencing factors were validated by fluorescence microscopy of castor protoplasts. Our results suggest that castor protoplasts can be used as a productive cell-based system to explore the mechanisms involved in the molecular, biochemical, and functional characterization of castor bean genes.

LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) cathode has drawn enormous interest for its extraordinarily high voltage and low cost. However, a high voltage leads to critical side reactions significantly degrading the cyc...

Background Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common female malignancies over the world. Microtubule-associated protein 7 (MAP7) belongs to the family of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) which involve in microtubule dynamics and are critical in several important cellular and intracellular activities. This study aimed to investigate the expression and potential role of MAP7 in CC. Methods The expression level of MAP7 in CC tissues and normal tissues were analyzed using the data obtained from The cancer genomes atlas (TCGA) and genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) databases. The prognostic value of MAP7 in patients with CC was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier analysis, Univariate and Multivariate analyses. Moreover, the influences of MAP7 expression alteration on the viability and motility of Caski, HeLa and C-33A cells was measured by CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, scratch assay, and transwell migration and invasion assays. Flow cytometry was conducted to determine cell apoptosis. Western blot was performed to evaluate the impact of MAP7 on the expression of apoptotic-related proteins as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-related proteins. In vivo tumorigenicity assay was performed to explore the influence of MAP7 on tumor growth. Results Up-regulation of MAP7 was observed in CC tissues and high MAP7 expression was positively correlated with worse prognosis. Multivariate analyses suggested that MAP7 expression can be served as an independent predictor for overall survival of patients with CC. Knockdown of MAP7 markedly suppressed Caski and HeLa cell viability, migration and invasion while notably induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, depletion of MAP7 in Caski and HeLa cells elevated the expression levels of Active-caspase 3 and Bax, but declined the level of Bcl-2. Whilst, overexpression of MAP7 in C-33A cells presented the opposite outcomes. Additionally, knockdown of MAP7 significantly decreased the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in Caski and HeLa cells, and overexpression of MAP7 increased their phosphorylation in C-33A cells, indicating that MAP7 may regulate the MAPK signaling pathway in CC cells. In vivo assays revealed that knockdown of MAP7 remarkably repressed the growth of CC tumors. Conclusion The results of the present study suggest that MAP7 functions as a promoter during the occurrence and progression of CC, and that MAP7 may serve as a promising therapeutic target in CC.

The hollow microspherical structure cathode materials of bimetallic disulfide CoxNi1-xS2 (x varied from 0.1 to 0.5) for lithium thermal battery were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The structure, morphology, and composition of the hollow CoxNi1-xS2 were evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thermal stability was assessed by differential thermal analyzer (DTA). The thermal battery fabricated with CoxNi1-xS2 as cathode active material and LiB as anode exhibits the good electrochemical performance at 450 °C. Especially when x = 0.1, the initial discharge voltage reached 2.037 V, and specific capacity was 297.4 mA h g−1 at cut-off voltage of 1.5 V during constant current discharge. The bimetal disulfide material also presented advantages of reducing the internal resistance of the single cell.

In this study, a novel 0D/2D WS2/BiOBr heterostructured photocatalyst with rich oxygen vacancies was fabricated by a hydrothermal method. The WS2 QDs/BiOBr-10 heterostructures exhibited a maximum removal rate of 92% towards ciprofloxacin (CIP) within 100 min under visible-light irradiation, which was 2.63- and 2.02- folds higher activity than that of pristine BiOBr and WS2 QDs/BiOBr-10 with poor oxygen vacancies, respectively. In addition, the removal efficiencies of this photocatalyst towards various pollutants were 99% (Lanasol Red 5B), 95% (Rhodamine B), 85% (metronidazole), 96% (tetracycline) and 41% (Bisphenol A), respectively. Besides, the simultaneous photocatalytic degradation showed the competitive interactions between these organic contaminants for the active species, decreasing the removal efficiency for CIP. However, the simultaneous photocatalytic oxidation of CIP and reduction of Cr(VI) improved the utilization efficiency of photo-induced electrons and holes, resulting in high removal efficiencies for both CIP and Cr(VI). Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectra (3D EEMs) were used to investigate the degradation of CIP molecules. The synergistic effect of heterostructure and oxygen vacancies greatly assisted in the removal of organic pollutants, attributing to the enhanced visible-light harvesting and effective separation of photo-induced electron–hole pairs. Furthermore, trapping experiments and ESR results demonstrated that the CIP removal was dominated by the direct oxidation of holes (h+), whereas the hydroxyl radicals ( OH) and superoxide radicals ( O2−) acted as auxiliary active species. This study provides a new way to rationally design and construct active 0D/2D pattern heterojunction photocatalysts for environmental remediation.

A novel ultrasensitive and label-free electrochemical immunosensor was developed and used in combination with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) or square wave voltammetry (SWV) for okadaic acid (OA) detection. The prepared immunosensor is primarily composed of polythionine-modified three-dimensional gold nanoelectrode ensembles (3DGNEEs). These ensembles were fabricated by combining electroless and electrochemical deposition. The deposition potential and time of the electrodeposition were optimized to enhance the properties of the 3DGNEEs. OA antibodies (anti-OA) were fixed on the PTh-modified ensembles by glutaraldehyde (GA). The fabrication process of immunosensor was characterized by EIS. The EIS responses were simulated using a newly constructed model of the recognition interface, and the detection limit of SWV is lower than that of EIS (3.20 × 10−15 vs. 2.65 × 10−12 g mL−1), and the linear OA detection range of the former is wider (1 × 10−12–1 × 10−7 vs. 5 × 10−12–1 × 10−9 g mL−1).

Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) has been considered as one of the most promising electrolytes for lithium batteries due to its high safety and wide electrochemical window. However, few reports were observed for the application of LLZO on lithium thermal batteries. In this paper, LLZO was studied as the electrolyte of lithium thermal battery. To further improve the performance of LLZO, LLZO-LiCl-LiBr-LiF composite electrolyte was designed by mechanical mixing LiCl-LiBr-LiF eutectic salt with LLZO. The doping content of LiCl-LiBr-LiF was also investigated, and the results showed that the optimize content was 15% (in weight) LiCl-LiBr-LiF. For instance, the specific capacity of the battery using LLZO-(LiCl-LiBr-LiF)x (x = 15%) as electrolyte was 224.6 mAh g−1, the active material utilization rate was 85.08%, and the service life of lithium thermal battery can be extended to 25 min under 80 mA cm−2 at 550 °C. The superior electrochemical properties of LLZO-(LiCl-LiBr-LiF)x (x = 15%) were ascribed to the larger ionic conductivity (2.802 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 550 °C). Our study not only successfully improves the electrochemical properties of LLZO by compositing with LiCl-LiBr-LiF electrolyte but also paves the way for the practical application of LLZO-LiCl-LiBr-LiF composite in the lithium thermal batteries.