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Previous resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) studies have widely explored the temporal connection changes in the human brain following long-term sleep deprivation (SD). However, the frequency-specific topological properties of sleep-deprived functional networks remain virtually unclear. In this study, thirty-seven healthy male subjects underwent resting-state fMRI during rested wakefulness (RW) and after 36 hours of SD, and we examined frequency-specific spectral connection changes (0.01–0.08 Hz, interval = 0.01 Hz) caused by SD. First, we conducted a multivariate pattern analysis combining linear SVM classifiers with a robust feature selection algorithm, and the results revealed that accuracies of 74.29%-84.29% could be achieved in the classification between RW and SD states in leave-one-out cross-validation at different frequency bands, moreover, the spectral connection at the lowest and highest frequency bands exhibited higher discriminative power. Connection involving the cingulo-opercular network increased most, while connection involving the default-mode network decreased most following SD. Then we performed a graph-theoretic analysis and observed reduced low-frequency modularity and high-frequency global efficiency in the SD state. Moreover, hub regions, which were primarily situated in the cerebellum and the cingulo-opercular network after SD, exhibited high discriminative power in the aforementioned classification consistently. The findings may indicate the frequency-dependent effects of SD on the functional network topology and its efficiency of information exchange, providing new insights into the impact of SD on the human brain.

Fusarium wilt of banana caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, Tropical Race 4 (TR4) is a soil-borne disease, and it is devastating. At present, the biological control using antagonistic microorganisms to mitigate TR4 is one of the best strategies as a safe and green way. Yunnan has abundant and diverse microbial resources. Using the dual-culture method, the antagonistic endophytic fungi against TR4 were isolated and screened from the root nodule of Dolichos lablab. The effect of the highest antagonistic activity strain on the morphology of the TR4 mycelium was observed using the scanning electron microscope. According to morphological characteristics and sequence analysis, the strain was identified. The biocontrol effect and plant growth promotion were investigated by greenhouse pot experiment. Using the confocal laser scanning microscope and the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, the dynamics of TR4 infestation and the TR4 content in banana plant roots and corms would also be detected. In this study, 18 native endophytic fungi were isolated from a root nodule sample of Dolichos lablab in the mulch for banana fields in Yuxi, Yunnan Province, China. The YNF2217 strain showed a high antagonistic activity against TR4 in plate confrontation experiments, and the inhibition rate of YNF2217 is 77.63%. After TR4 culture with YNF2217 for 7 days in plate confrontation experiments, the morphology of the TR4 mycelium appeared deformed and swollen when observed under a scanning electron microscope. According to morphological characteristics and sequence analysis, the strain YNF2217 was identified as Pochonia chlamydosporia. In the greenhouse pot experiment, the biocontrol effect of YNF2217 fermentation solution on TR4 was 70.97% and 96.87% on banana plant leaves and corms, respectively. Furthermore, YNF2217 significantly promoted the growth of banana plants, such as plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf number, pseudostem girth, and both the aboveground and underground fresh weight. Observations of TR4 infestation dynamics in banana roots and corms, along with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, verified that YNF2217 inoculation could significantly reduce the TR4 content. Therefore, YNF2217 as P. chlamydosporia, which was found first time in China and reported here, is expected to be an important new fungal resource for the green control of Fusarium wilt of banana in the future.

Summary: The cognitive and behavioral functions of the human brain are supported by its frequency multiplexing mechanism. However, there is limited understanding of the dynamics of the functional network topology. This study aims to investigate the frequency-specific topology of the functional human brain using 7T rs-fMRI data. Frequency-specific parcellations were first performed, revealing frequency-dependent dynamics within the frontoparietal control, parietal memory, and visual networks. An intrinsic functional atlas containing 456 parcels was proposed and validated using stereo-EEG. Graph theory analysis suggested that, in addition to the task-positive vs. task-negative organization observed in static networks, there was a cognitive control system additionally from a frequency perspective. The reproducibility and plausibility of the identified hub sets were confirmed through 3T fMRI analysis, and their artificial removal had distinct effects on network topology. These results indicate a more intricate and subtle dynamics of the functional human brain and emphasize the significance of accurate topography.

Background: Increasing evidence has shown a link between immune cells and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to determine the causal association between 731 immune cell signatures and AD in this study. Methods: We extracted genetic variants of 731 immune cell traits and AD from the publicly available GWAS dataset. The immune features included median fluorescence intensity (MFI), relative cellular (RC), absolute cellular (AC) and morphological parameters (MP). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was the main MR analysis method, and sensitivity analyses were used to validate the robustness, heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy of the results. Results: After FDR adjustment, seven immune phenotypes were found to be associated significantly with AD risk: HLA DR on CD33− HLA DR+ (OR = 0.938, PFDR = 0.001), Secreting Treg %CD4 (OR = 0.972, PFDR = 0.021), HLA DR+ T cell AC (OR = 0.928, PFDR = 0.041), Activated & resting Treg % CD4 Treg (OR = 1.031, PFDR = 0.002), CD33 on CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b+ (OR = 1.025, PFDR = 0.025), CD33 on CD14+ monocyte (OR = 1.026, PFDR = 0.027) and CD33 on CD66b++ myeloid cell (OR = 1.027, PFDR = 0.036). Conclusions: These findings demonstrated seven immune phenotypes were significantly associated with AD risk. This may provide researchers with a new perspective in exploring the biological mechanisms of AD and may lead to the exploration of earlier treatment.

Abstract Background To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of refractive astigmatism (RA) and corneal astigmatism (CA) in preschool children and school-aged children in Shanghai, China. Methods In this school-based, cross-sectional study, 4–15 years old children across three learning stages of kindergarten, primary school, and junior high school underwent noncycloplegic autorefraction and completed comprehensive questionnaires involving time spent on daily homework and outdoor activities. Data from the right eyes were analysed. Results Overall, 7084 children (mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age: 8.08 ± 3.11 years) were included, and the prevalence rates of RA/CA ( ≤ − 1.0 D) in children were 15.8%/64% in kindergartens, 16.5%/65% in primary schools, and 32.8%/76.9% in junior high schools. The magnitude and prevalence of RA and CA all increased with age or with learning stage (all P

Abstract We apply the joint threshold and transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorization theorem to introduce new threshold-TMD distribution functions, including threshold-TMD parton distribution functions (PDFs) and fragmentation functions (FFs). We apply Soft-Collinear Effective Theory and renormalization group methods to carry out QCD evolution for both threshold-TMD PDFs and FFs. We show the universality of threshold-TMD functions among three standard processes, i.e. the Drell-Yan production in pp collisions, semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering and back-to-back two hadron production in e + e − collisions. In the end, we present the numerical predictions for different threshold-TMD functions and also transverse momentum distributions at pp, ep, and e + e − collisions.

The extract of peanut shell extract (PSE) is firstly utilized as a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for the mitigation of corrosion on carbon steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid medium. The corrosion inhibition performance and adsorption properties of PSE were researched via weight loss, electrochemical measurements and surface characterization analysis. It is demonstrated that the PSE acts as a mixed type inhibitor with a superb inhibition ability of 95 % with the addition of 300 mg/L PSE. The adsorption of the active ingredients in PSE on steel surface contributes to effective corrosion inhibition. The outstanding inhibition efficiency and straightforward extraction method with environment-friendly solvent convincingly demonstrate that the PSE possesses promising application prospects to be a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor in industrial corrosion mitigation.

Abstract One of the most spectacular displays of social behavior is the synchronized movements that many animal groups perform to travel, forage and escape from predators. However, elucidating the neural mechanisms underlying the evolution of collective behaviors, as well as their fitness effects, remains challenging. Here, we study collective motion patterns with and without predation threat and predator inspection behavior in guppies experimentally selected for divergence in polarization, an important ecological driver of coordinated movement in fish. We find that groups from artificially selected lines remain more polarized than control groups in the presence of a threat. Neuroanatomical measurements of polarization-selected individuals indicate changes in brain regions previously suggested to be important regulators of perception, fear and attention, and motor response. Additional visual acuity and temporal resolution tests performed in polarization-selected and control individuals indicate that observed differences in predator inspection and schooling behavior should not be attributable to changes in visual perception, but rather are more likely the result of the more efficient relay of sensory input in the brain of polarization-selected fish. Our findings highlight that brain morphology may play a fundamental role in the evolution of coordinated movement and anti-predator behavior.

Rolling bearings are prone to failure due to the complexity and serious operational environment of rotating equipment. Intelligent fault diagnosis based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has become an effective tool to ensure the reliable operation of rolling bearings. However, interference caused by environmental noise and variable working conditions can affect the data. To solve this problem, we propose an improved fault diagnosis method called deep convolutional neural network based on multi-scale features and mutual information (MMDCNN). In our approach, a multi-scale convolutional layer is placed at the front end of a 1D_CNN to maximize the retention of the multi-scale initial features. Meanwhile, the key fault features are further enhanced adaptively by introducing a self-attention mechanism. Then, the composite loss function is constructed by maximizing mutual information as an auxiliary loss based on cross-entropy loss; thus, the proposed method can extract robust fault features with high generalization performance. To demonstrate the superiority of MMDCNN, we compared the performance of our scheme with several existing deep learning models on two datasets. The results show that the proposed model successfully achieves bearing fault diagnosis with interference from noise and variable working conditions, possessing a powerful fault feature extraction capability.

BackgroundDeer tuberculosis is a chronic zoonotic infectious disease, despite the existence of socio-economic and zoonotic risk factors, but at present, there has been no systematic review of deer tuberculosis prevalence in mainland China. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the overall prevalence of deer TB in mainland China and to assess possible associations between potential risk factors and the prevalence of deer tuberculosis.MethodologyThis study was searched in six databases in Chinese and English, respectively (1981 to December 2023). Four authors independently reviewed the titles and abstracts of all retrieved articles to establish the inclusion exclusion criteria. Using the meta-analysis package estimated the combined effects. Cochran’s Q-statistic was used to analyze heterogeneity. Funnel plots (symmetry) and used the Egger’s test identifying publication bias. Trim-and-fill analysis methods were used for validation and sensitivity analysis. we also performed subgroup and meta-regression analyses.ResultsIn this study, we obtained 4,400 studies, 20 cross-sectional studies were screened and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. Results show: The overall prevalence of tuberculosis in deer in mainland China was 16.1% (95% confidence interval (CI):10.5 24.6; (Deer tuberculosis infected 5,367 out of 22,215 deer in mainland China) 5,367/22215; 1981 to 2023). The prevalence in Central China was the highest 17.5% (95% CI:14.0–21.9; 63/362), and among provinces, the prevalence in Heilongjiang was the highest at 26.5% (95% CI:13.2–53.0; 1557/4291). Elaphurus davidianus was the most commonly infected species, with a prevalence of 35.3% (95% CI:18.5–67.2; 6/17). We also assessed the association between geographic risk factors and the incidence of deer tuberculosis.ConclusionDeer tuberculosis is still present in some areas of China. Assessing the association between risk factors and the prevalence of deer tuberculosis showed that reasonable and scientific-based breeding methods, a suitable breeding environment, and rapid and accurate detection methods could effectively reduce the prevalence of deer tuberculosis. In addition, in the management and operation of the breeding base, improving the scientific feed nutrition standards and establishing comprehensive standards for disease prevention, immunization, quarantine, treatment, and disinfection according to the breeding varieties and scale, are suggested as ways to reduce the prevalence of deer tuberculosis.

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of dermatomyositis (DM), a rare autoimmune disease affecting the skin and muscles. However, the genetic basis underlying dysfunctional mitochondria and the development of DM remains incomplete.Methods: The datasets of DM muscle and skin tissues were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The mitochondrial related genes (MRGs) were retrieved from MitoCarta. DM-related modules in muscle and skin tissues were identified with the analysis of weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA), and then compared with the MRGs to obtain the overlapping mitochondrial related module genes (mito-MGs). Subsequently, differential expression genes (DEGs) obtained from muscle and skin datasets were overlapped with MRGs to identify mitochondrial related DEGs (mito-DEGs). Next, functional enrichment analysis was applied to analyze possible relevant biological pathways. We used the Jvenn online tool to intersect mito-MGs with mito-DEGs to identify hub genes and validate them using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry staining. In addition, we evaluated immune infiltration in muscle and skin tissues of DM patients using the one-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm and predicted potential transcription factor (TF) -gene network by NetworkAnalyst.Results: The WGCNA analysis revealed 105 mito-MGs, while the DEG analysis identified 3 mito-DEGs. These genes showed functional enrichment for amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. Through the intersection analysis of the mito-MGs from the WGCNA analysis and the mito-DEGs from the DEG set, three DM mito-hub genes (IFI27, CMPK2, and LAP3) were identified and validated by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry analysis. Additionally, positive correlations were observed between hub genes and immune cell abundance. The TF-hub gene regulatory network revealed significant interactions involving ERG, VDR, and ZFX with CMPK2 and LAP3, as well as SOX2 with LAP3 and IFI27, and AR with IFI27 and CMPK2.Conclusion: The mito-hub genes (IFI27, CMPK2, and LAP3) are identified in both muscles and skin tissues from DM patients. These genes may be associated with immune infiltration in DM, providing a new entry point for the pathogenesis of DM.

IntroductionThere are no standardized assessment criteria for selecting nutritional risk screening tools or indicators to assess reduced muscle mass (RMM) in the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. We aimed to compare the consistency of different GLIM criteria with Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and protein-energy wasting (PEW).MethodsIn this study, nutritional risk screening 2002 first four questions (NRS-2002-4Q), Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) tools were used as the first step of nutritional risk screening for the GLIM. The RMM is expressed using different metrics. The SGA and PEW were used to diagnose patients and classify them as malnourished and non-malnourished. Kappa (κ) tests were used to compare the concordance between the SGA, PEW, and GLIM of each combination of screening tools.ResultsA total of 157 patients were included. Patients with Chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 1–3 accounted for a large proportion (79.0%). The prevalence rates of malnutrition diagnosed using the SGA and PEW were 18.5% and 19.7%, respectively. The prevalence of GLIM-diagnosed malnutrition ranges from 5.1% to 37.6%, depending on the different screening methods for nutritional risk and the different indicators denoting RMM. The SGA was moderately consistent with the PEW (κ = 0.423, p

Background: Rituximab (RTX) is a monoclonal antibody that selectively targets CD20 and is frequently used in the treatment of membranous nephropathy (MN). Analysis of the therapeutic efficacy and safety of RTX in treating MN in practice and a comparative pharmacoeconomic analysis of the RTX and traditional tacrolimus (TAC) regimens can provide valuable insights to aid decision-making by the government and relevant medical insurance departments.Methods: We conducted a statistical analysis of medical records from patients diagnosed with MN who underwent RTX treatment between 1 January 2019 and 1 January 2023. The TAC data were obtained from the clinical literature. The efficacy rates and incidence of adverse effects (AEs) were calculated to compare the efficacy and safety of RTX and TAC. Based on the patient’s disease status, we developed a Markov model to compare the total cost, remission rate, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the two regimens. Both univariate and probability sensitivity analyses were performed to validate the stability of the developed model.Results: The RTX group enrolled 53 patients with MN, and the 12-month overall efficacy rate was not significantly different from that of the TAC group with 35 patients (86.79% vs. 71.4%, p = 0.0131); however, the relapse rate was significantly lower in the RTX group (3.77% vs. 22.8%, p = 0.016). The RTX group demonstrated no severe AEs (SAEs), while the TAC group demonstrated six cases of SAEs, including 4 cases of severe pneumonia, 1 case of lung abscess and 1 case of interstitial lung disease, accounting for 7.89% of traditional tacrolimus-treated patients. The baseline analysis results revealed that over a 5-year post-treatment period, RTX increased quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) by 0.058 and costs by ¥7,341. Assuming three times the 2022 domestic gross domestic product as the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold per QALY, the ICER of RTX compared to TAC was ¥124,631.14/QALY, which is less than the WTP threshold of ¥257,094/QALY, indicating that RTX treatment is approximately two times more cost-effective compared to TAC.Conclusion: The current analysis indicates that despite the expensive unit price of RTX, it remains a cost-effective treatment option for MN compared to TAC.

Genike, the imatinib (IM)-alpha form is widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients in China. We wanted to investigate whether there are differences in IM plasma concentrations, adverse events, health-related quality of life (QOL) and outcomes between patients treated with Genike and Glivec. Thirty included GIST patients receiving IM treatment were matched to either Genike or Glivec according to gastrectomy, body weight, body surface area and sex. There was no statistically significant difference in IM trough plasma levels between the two groups. There were no significant differences in very common adverse events of IM between the Genike and Glivec groups. IM was well tolerated, although it was associated with a significant change in cognitive function (P < 0.001), fatigue (P = 0.015), pain (P = 0.015), nausea/vomiting (P = 0.029), insomnia (P = 0.019), diarrhea (P = 0.003) and financial difficulties (P < 0.001). Physical functioning, financial burden and insomnia were significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.026). Until Aug. 2022, there was no significant difference in time to imatinib treatment failure (TTF) between the two groups. In conclusion, there was no difference in IM plasma concentration and adverse events between Genike and Glivec. Both Genike and Glivec could partially decrease the QOL of GIST patients. Physical functioning was worse in Genike group than in Glivec group, while the economic burden and symptoms of insomnia in Glivec patients were worse. There was no significant difference in TTF between the two groups.

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is not only one of the most fatal forms of tuberculosis, but also a major public health concern worldwide, presenting grave clinical challenges due to its nonspecific symptoms and the urgent need for timely intervention. The severity and the rapid progression of TBM underscore the necessity of early and accurate diagnosis to prevent irreversible neurological deficits and reduce mortality rates. Traditional diagnostic methods, reliant primarily on clinical findings and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, often falter in delivering timely and conclusive results. Moreover, such methods struggle to distinguish TBM from other forms of neuroinfections, making it critical to seek advanced diagnostic solutions. Against this backdrop, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as an indispensable modality in diagnostics, owing to its unique advantages. This review provides an overview of the advancements in MRI technology, specifically emphasizing its crucial applications in the early detection and identification of complex pathological changes in TBM. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) has further enhanced the transformative impact of MRI on TBM diagnostic imaging. When these cutting-edge technologies synergize with deep learning algorithms, they substantially improve diagnostic precision and efficiency. Currently, the field of TBM imaging diagnosis is undergoing a phase of technological amalgamation. The melding of MRI and AI technologies unquestionably signals new opportunities in this specialized area.

Background The influence of lobectomy on pulmonary function in children was still controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis were essential to explore whether pulmonary function was impaired after lobectomy in children.Methods PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched from 1 January 1946 to 1 July 2022. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC and total lung capacity were extracted from the studies as the primary analysis indicators. Subgroup analyses were performed between the congenital lung malformation (CLM) group and other diseases group, early surgery and late surgery group (1 year old as the dividing line).Results A total of 5302 articles were identified through the search strategy; finally, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Through the meta-analysis, we found a mild obstructive ventilatory disorder in children who underwent lobectomy. However, a normal pulmonary function could be found in young children with CLM who underwent lobectomy, and the time of operation had no significant influence on their pulmonary function.Conclusions The overall result of pulmonary function after lobectomy in children was good. Surgeons may not need to be excessively concerned about the possibility of lung surgery affecting pulmonary function in children, particularly in patients with CLM.PROSPERO registration number CRD42022342243.

Cervical cancer (CC) is a common malignant neoplasm in gynecology. There is increasing evidence to suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as crucial regulators of CC. However, whether miR-10a-5p plays a role in CC is under investigation. The aim of this stuy was to assess the miR-10a-5p expression pattern in the development of CC and investigate its downstream target. MiR-10a-5p inhibition decreased CC cell proliferation and impaired CC cell invasion and migration but enhanced apoptosis. UBE2I was a direct target of miR-10a-5p. QRT-PCR results showed a down-regulation of UBE2I in CC cells, opposing miR-10a-5p. Besides, overexpression of miR-10a-5p down-regulated UBE2I. Functional rescue experiments further indicated the miR-10a-5p-UBE2I axis was linked to CC cell growth, apoptosis and metastasis. MiR-10a-5p upregulation promotes cervical cancer development by inhibiting UBE2I. These results also predict that miR-10a-5p may be a potential target for the clinical treatment of CC.IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? As a widely researched cancer-related miRNA, the overexpression of miR-10a-5p has been verified in various cancers. It has been described in a meta-analysis report that there were 42 miRNAs up-regulated and 21 miRNAs down-regulated in different stages of cervical cancer tissue versus healthy tissue. What do the results of this study add? We verified that miR-10a-5p initiates and promotes tumor cell development by decreasing UBE2I abundance. This miR-10a-5p-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of UBE2I is involved in the tumorigenesis, invasion and migration of human cervical cancer. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? These findings provide mechanistic insights into how miR-10a-5p regulates cervical cancer hyper-proliferation and metastasis, as well as a new target for clinical treatment. Nevertheless, whether miR-10a-5p/UBE2I axis can be regulated by non-invasive methods need further exploration, which will be the focus of our future research.

AbstractBackground & Aims Complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory markers are predictive biomarkers for the prognosis of many diseases. However, there was no study on patients with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP). We aimed to investigate the value of these markers in predicting treatment failure of acute peritonitis in chronic PD patients.Methods The records of 138 peritonitis episodes were reviewed and divided into treatment success or failure groups in a single center for 10 years. CBC-derived markers and other routine data were recorded before peritonitis treatment was initiated. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve about the predictors of treatment outcomes were performed.Results Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and derived NLR were significantly higher in the failure group. Univariate logistic regression results showed that NLR and PLR were risk factors of treatment outcomes. The backward stepwise multivariate logistic regression results demonstrated that NLR [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.376; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.105–1.713; p = .004], PLR (aOR, 1.010; 95%CI, 1.004–1.017; p = .002) were risk factors, but hemoglobin-to-lymphocyte ratio (HLR) (aOR, 0.977; 95%CI, 0.963–0.991; p = .001), and SII (aOR, 0.999; 95%CI, 0.998–1.000; p = .040) were protective factors. A combination of age, PD vintage, Gram-positive peritonitis, staphylococcus aureus, culture-negative, NLR, PLR, HLR, and SII would improve prognostic performance. The area under this ROC curve was 0.85, higher than other factors.Conclusions NLR, PLR, HLR, and SII were associated with PDAP outcomes. Age, PD vintage, NLR, and PLR were significant risk factors in PDAP patients.

AbstractBackground National holidays are associated with high mortality in some diseases, but little is known about patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). The research aimed to investigate the impact of national holidays on the health outcomes of PD patients.Methods Over ten years, all episodes of unplanned hospitalization, death, and peritonitis in PD patients were collected in our center. Seven national holidays in China were chosen, and non-holiday days were selected as the control period. The effect of national holidays was observed by comparing the hospitalization, death, and peritonitis rates between holiday and non-holiday groups.Results There were 297 events in all holiday periods and 1247 in non-holiday periods. There is no significant difference in hospitalization rate between holiday and non-holiday groups (32.4% ± 6.4% vs. 29.2% ± 3.4%, p = 0.175). So is the death rate [6.3% (4.8–12.3%) vs.5.0% (4.2–8.9%), p = 0.324] and peritonitis rate [0.19 (0.13–0.53) vs. 0.22 (0.18–0.27), p = 0.445] between the two groups. Significant differences were observed in the distribution of peritonitis causes between the two groups (p = 0.017). The rate of secondary to other infections in the holiday group was significantly higher than in the non-holiday group (25.0 vs. 10.3%, p = 0.015).Conclusion Our study suggested no national holiday effect on health outcomes of PD patients based on ten-year data in our center.