Search

Your search keyword '"Scribner, Richard"' showing total 448 results
Start Over Author "Scribner, Richard"
448 results on '"Scribner, Richard"'

55. Does Neighborhood Deterioration Lead to Poor Health?

Author

Cohen, Deborah, primary, Mason, Karen, primary, Bedimo-Rung, Ariane, primary, Scribner, Richard, primary, Basolo, Victoria, primary, Farley, Thomas, primary, Spear, Suzanne, primary, Kissinger, Patty, primary, and Wildgen, John, primary

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

61. Alcohol outlet density and motor vehicle crashes in Los Angeles County cities

Author

Scribner, Richard A., MacKinnon, David P., and Dwyer, James H.

Subjects
Drinking and traffic accidents -- Research, Drunk driving -- Analysis, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

A study of 72 cities in Los Angeles County shows that alcohol availability is geographically connected to alcohol-related problems. Income level is not significantly related to alcohol availability and associated problems with less number of injury crashes occurring in wealthy areas. This research is important to policy makers who determine the number of alcohol outlets.

Published
1994

62. The potential role of custody facilities in controlling sexually transmitted diseases

Author

Cohen, Deborah, Scribner, Richard, Clark, John, and Cory, David

Subjects
Sexually transmitted diseases -- Reporting, Correctional institutions -- Management, Prisoners -- Medical examination, Government, Health care industry
Abstract

Background. The National Commission on Correctional Health Care recommends that medical screening, including tests of syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases, be performed by the 14th day after initial booking procedures. Because the average length of stay in detention is usually less than 14 days, most detainees are not screened or treated for asymptomatic communicable diseases. Methods. In order to determine the incidence and prevalence of syphilis among those booked through a large county jail, a rapid screening procedure to test newly incarcerated inmates and treat those infected was implemented over a 3-week period. Results. Among 6309 detainees eligible for testing during the 3-week period of the study, 129 (2%) were diagnosed with syphilis. During the preceding month when only those reporting symptoms or high-risk behaviors were screened, 20 cases were diagnosed. The sensitivity and predictive value of self-reported risk factors for syphilis infection were low. Among the first 110 diagnosed cases, 17 (15.5%) were released within 3 days and 86 (78%) were released within 6 days. Conclusion. If screening and treatment for syphilis are delayed until the 14th day after booking, the majority of infected inmates, will be released prior to evaluation and treatment. Rapid screening and treatment for selected sexually transmitted diseases are likely to be an effective public health measure when implemented in custody settings. (Am J Public Health. 1992;82:552-556)

Published
1992

66. Multiple mediation analysis with survival outcomes: With an application to explore racial disparity in breast cancer survival

Author

Yu, Qingzhao, Wu, Xiaocheng, Li, Bin, and Scribner, Richard A.

Subjects
Models, Statistical, Racial Groups, Breast Neoplasms, Louisiana, Survival Analysis, Article, United States, White People, Black or African American, Treatment Outcome, Nonlinear Dynamics, Socioeconomic Factors, Linear Models, Humans, Female, Healthcare Disparities, Algorithms, Proportional Hazards Models
Abstract

Mediation analysis allows the examination of effects of a third variable in the pathway between an exposure and an outcome. The general multiple mediation analysis method, proposed by Yu et al, improves traditional methods (eg, estimation of natural and controlled direct effects) to enable consideration of multiple mediators/confounders simultaneously and the use of linear and nonlinear predictive models for estimating mediation/confounding effects. In this paper, we extend the method for time-to-event outcomes and apply the method to explore the racial disparity in breast cancer survivals. Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among women of all races. Despite improvement of survival rates of breast cancer in the US, a significant difference between white and black women remains. Previous studies have found that more advanced and aggressive tumors and less than optimal treatment may explain the lower survival rates for black women as compared to white women. Due to limitations of current analytic methods and the lack of comprehensive data sets, researchers have not been able to differentiate the relative effect each factor contributes to the overall racial disparity. We use the CDC-funded Patterns of Care study to examine the determinants of racial disparities in breast cancer survival using a novel multiple mediation analysis. Using the proposed method, we applied the Cox hazard model and multiple additive regression trees as predictive models and found that all racial disparity in survival among Louisiana breast cancer patients were explained by factors included in the study.

Published
2018

68. Asthma status moderates the relationship between neighbourhood disadvantage and obesity in African American adolescent females

Author

Cahill, Laura M., primary, Fisher, Kiva A., additional, Robinson, William T., additional, Beiter, Kaylin J., additional, Zabaleta, Jovanny, additional, Tseng, Tung S., additional, Kepper, Maura M., additional, Skizim, Meg K., additional, Griffiths, Lauren A., additional, Uddo, Robert B., additional, Pelligrino, Nicole E., additional, Maronge, Jacob M., additional, Happel, Kyle, additional, Scribner, Richard, additional, and Sothern, Melinda S., additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

69. Neighborhood Social Determinants of Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Author

Hossain, Fokhrul, primary, Danos, Denise, additional, Prakash, Om, additional, Gilliland, Aubrey, additional, Ferguson, Tekeda F., additional, Simonsen, Neal, additional, Leonardi, Claudia, additional, Yu, Qingzhao, additional, Wu, Xiao-Cheng, additional, Miele, Lucio, additional, and Scribner, Richard, additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

74. Dietary calcium, calcium supplementation, and blood pressure in African American adolescents

Author

Dwyer, James H., Dwyer, Kathleen M., Scribner, Richard A., Sun, Ping, Li, Li, Nicholson, Lisa M., Davis, Ida Jean, and Hohn, Arno R.

Subjects
Calcium, Dietary -- Health aspects, Blood pressure -- Measurement, African American teenagers -- Food and nutrition, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Background: Intake of calcium from the diet is inversely associated with blood pressure in observational studies and animal models but randomized trials in humans have found only small effects of calcium supplementation on blood pressure. A blood pressure-lowering effect of calcium supplementation may thus be restricted to persons with a low intake of calcium from the diet and specific genetic or other characteristics. Objective: A randomized trial was conducted to assess the effect of calcium supplementation on blood pressure in African American adolescents. Rapid growth during adolescence may increase calcium requirements, and avoidance of milk and milk products by some African Americans can result in low intake of calcium. Design: One hundred sixteen adolescents (65 girls, 51 boys; mean age: 15.8 y) were given calcium (1.5 g/d) or placebo for 8 wk in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design. Blood pressure was measured after 2, 4, and 8 wk. Dietary calcium was determined with a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Results: The net effect ([+ or -] SE) of calcium supplementation on diastolic blood pressure was a reduction of 1.9 [+ or -] 1.1 mm Hg (P = 0.04, one-tailed t test). Blood pressure reduction was greater in adolescents with lower intake of calcium from the diet (P = 0.003, one-tailed t test for interaction): -4.9 [+ or -] 1.6, -2.3 [+ or -] 1.6, and 1.4 [+ or -] 1.8 mm Hg for change in the lower (0.024-0.067 g Ca/MJ), middle (0.069-0.091 g Ca/MJ), and upper (0.093-0.217 g Ca/MJ) tertiles, respectively. No main effect on systolic blood pressure was detected. Conclusion: These findings suggest that calcium supplementation may lower diastolic blood pressure in African American adolescents with low dietary intakes of calcium. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;68:648-55.

Published
1998

77. Concluding Observations

Author

Scribner, Richard A., Ralston, Theodore J., Metz, William D., Scribner, Richard A., Ralston, Theodore J., and Metz, William D.

Published
1985
Full Text
View/download PDF

79. National Technical Means

Author

Scribner, Richard A., Ralston, Theodore J., Metz, William D., Scribner, Richard A., Ralston, Theodore J., and Metz, William D.

Published
1985
Full Text
View/download PDF

83. Introduction

Author

Scribner, Richard A., Ralston, Theodore J., Metz, William D., Scribner, Richard A., Ralston, Theodore J., and Metz, William D.

Published
1985
Full Text
View/download PDF

87. Overweight and obesity among Grenadian adolescents.

Author

Scribner, Richard, Radix, Roger, Noel, Trevor, Andal, Rebecca, Andal, Naomi, Radix, Christal, Frank, Rhoda, Benjamin, Jonell, James, Jennifer, Benjamin, Romero, Leonardi, Claudia, and Sothern, Melinda

Published
2020

89. Science and Social Issues: Stimulating Discussion and Involvement. A Report on a Computer Questionnaire Technique and an Electronic Dialogue System for Discussion and Involvement Stimulation.

Author

American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC., Scribner, Richard A., and Zorn, Frances

Abstract

This document describes and analyzes an experiment in "social issue communication and involvement" which took place at the 1975 annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Data were gathered through the use of a Feedback Ballot consisting of 10 questions about science and society issues, 4 questions to determine the respondents' level of interest in the issues, and 6 options to determine the respondents' preferred modes of involvement. Ballots were completed by 300 of the 4800 persons in attendance. The three issues of the 50 possible that received the majority of votes were: (1) scientists should be actively concerned with the social consequences of their discoveries (52%); (2) a new energy conservation ethic and a redefinition of social advancement need to be developed (70%); and (3) government should regard support of science and engineering more as long-term investments (53%). A follow-up dialogue experiment was also performed. This work demonstrated a method by which issue formulation might be used as a planning device. (MR)

Published
1976

90. Special Needs Inservice Training for Vocational Educators: How, When, and by Whom?

Author

Brown, James M. and Scribner, Richard

Abstract

Secondary and postsecondary vocational teachers in Minnesota were asked their preferences in format, time, and provider of special-needs related inservice activities. Most popular choices, respectively, were workshops, the professional days option, and expert teachers. (SK)

Published
1982

94. Absence of Adolescent Obesity in Grenada: Is This a Generational Effect?

Author

Scribner, Richard A., primary, Radix, Roger L., additional, Gilliland, Aubrey E., additional, Leonardi, Claudia, additional, Ferguson, Tekeda F., additional, Noel, Trevor P., additional, Andall, Rebecca G., additional, Andall, Naomi R., additional, Radix, Christal, additional, Frank, Rhoda, additional, Benjamin, Jonell, additional, James, Jenifer, additional, Benjamin, Romero, additional, Waechter, Randall L., additional, and Sothern, Melinda S., additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

98. Vocational Training Program

Author

Scribner, Richard

Abstract

This study was designed to gather evidence to determine if basic vocational training and counseling, in areas of local high employability, would give neuropsychiatric patients the needed skills, confidence, and ability to leave the institution by functioning in the area in which they were trained. (Author)

Published
1973

100. Mortality among Hispanics

Author

Herrera, Carlos R., Stern, Michael P., Goff, David, Villagomez, Evangelina, Pablos-Mendez, Ariel, Scribner, Richard, Sorlie, Paul, Backlund, Eric, and Johnson, Norman J.

Subjects
Hispanic Americans -- Patient outcomes, Epidemiological research -- Evaluation
Published
1994

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results