Search

We report here studies of the consequences of lesioning of the dorsal hippocampus of DBA/C57 F1 mice during training in a complex multiple-choice maze in conditions of free selection. Hippocampectomized (HPC) mice were found to be able to form a four-component food-procuring skill in cyclic form. The main features were linked with the nature of the execution of exploratory activity, behavioral effectiveness, and the extinction of errors. While in controls each of these processes followed a common exponential law, each component in HPC mice had independent dynamics. The main hippocampectomy-associated effects at the stabilization stage consisted not only of a sharp decrease in the time during which a high level of motivation was maintained, but also of difficulty in transferring from unorganized behavior to organized behavior. It is suggested that the hippocampus operates not so much in learning and memory as in the organization of the operative dominant supporting the stability of attention on execution of an acquired skill

Using thermogravimetry, in situ X-ray diffraction, room-temperature X-ray diffraction, specific surface area measurements, and particle size analysis, we have studied how preliminary mechanical activation of a mixture of aluminum hydroxide and lithium carbonate in an AGO-2 planetary mill and subsequent heat treatment of the mixture influence the synthesis of fine-particle nanostructured gamma-lithium monoaluminate. We have proposed a scheme of the structural changes accompanying the synthesis of gamma-lithium monoaluminate.

The article presents the results of studies of metabolic indicators of oral liquid in patients with a wide range of somatic illnesses that reflecting the functional state of the prooxidant-antioxidant system. During the studies established that most increase in activity of oxidation processes in the background of decrease in activity of all enzymes of antiradical protection was observed in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Also a significant increase in FRO was observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, while they have identified imbalance in the functioning of enzyme systems and the highest amplitude changes in the activity of enzymes of antiradical protection. We also established the activation of free radical processes in patients of other groups, but less pronounced on the background of a minor changes in the activity of enzymes. The obtained data demonstrate the development of oxidative stress at the local level in the oral fluid which is probably a reflection of the systemic metabolic changes under examined somatic pathologies and presents prospect of studying oral fluid in the laboratory diagnosis of oxidative metabolism disorders.

Exosomes represent a sort of extracellular vesicles, which transfer molecular signals in the body and contain markers of the exosome-producing cell. This study was aimed at search of exosomes in the tears of healthy humans, validation of their nature and examination of their morphological and molecular-biological characteristics. Samples of the tears individually collected from 24 healthy donors (aged 45–60 years) were centrifuged at 20000 g for 15 min to pellet cell debris. The supernatants were examined in an electron microscope using negative staining and were also used for isolation and purification of exosomes by filtration (100 nm pore-size) and double ultracentrifugation (90 min at 100000 g, 4°C). Resultant pellets were investigated by electron microscopy and immunolabeling, RNA and DNA were isolated and their sizes were determined by capillary electrophoresis, concentration and localization of nucleic acids in the isolated exosomes were studied. DNA sequencing was performed using MiSeq (Illumina, USA), data were analyzed using CLC GW 7.5 (Qiagen, USA). Sequences were mapped on human genome (hg19). Supernatants of the tears contained cell debris, spherical microparticles (20–40 nm), and vesicles; some of the vesicles had morphology and sizes corresponding to exosomes. The pellets obtained after ultracentrifugation of tears contained microparticles (17%), spherical and cup-shaped vesicles (40–100 nm, 83%), which were positive for CD63, CD9, and CD24 receptors (specific markers of exosomes). The study revealed high concentrations of exosomes in human tears; these exosomes contained both RNA (of less than 200 nucleotides in size) and DNA (of 3–9 kb in size). DNA sequencing demonstrated that about 92% of the reads was mapped to human genome.

Exosomes represent a sort of extracellular vesicles, which transfer molecular signals in organism and possess markers of producing cells. Our study was aimed at search of exosomes in the tears of healthy humans, confirmation of their nature and examination of exosome morphological and molecular-biological characteristics. The tears (110-340 ml) were collected from 24 healthy donors (aged 46-60 years); individual probes were centrifuged at 20000 g for 15 min to pellet cell debris. The supernatants were examined in electron microscope using negative staining; and they were also used for isolation and purification of the exosomes by filtration (100 nm pore-size) and double ultracentrifugation (90 min at 100000 g, 4°C). The "pellets" were subjected to electron microscopy, immunolabeling. The RNA and DNA were isolated from the samples, and their sizes were evaluated by capillary electrophoresis, the concentration and localization of nucleic acids were determined. Sequencing of DNA was performed using MiSeq ("Illumina", USA), data were analyzed using CLC GW 7.5 ("Qiagen", USA). Sequences were mapped on human genome (hg19). Electron microscopy revealed in supernatants of the tears cell debris, spherical microparticles (20-40 nm), membrane vesicles and macromolecular aggregates. The "pellets" obtained after ultracentrifugation, contained microparticles (17%), spherical and cup-shaped EVs (40-100 nm, 83%), which were positive for CD63, CD9 and CD24 receptors (specific markers of exosomes). Our study showed presence of high amount of exosomes in human tears, and relation of the exosomes with RNA (size less than 200 nt) and DNA (size was 3-9 kb). Sequencing of the DNA showed that about 92% of the reads mapped to human genome.Ékzosomy – tip vnekletochnykh vezikul, iavliaiushchikhsia perenoschikami molekuliarnykh signalov v organizme, a takzhe nesushchikh markery kletok-produtsentov. Tsel'iu dannogo issledovaniia iavilos' vyiavlenie ékzosom v sleznoĭ zhidkosti (SZh) zdorovykh liudeĭ, podtverzhdenie ikh prirody i izuchenie morfologicheskikh i molekuliarno-biologicheskikh kharakteristik. Obraztsy SZh odnokratno sobirali u 24 zdorovykh donorov (45-60 let), tsentrifugirovali pri 20000 g (15 min) dlia osazhdeniia kletochnogo debrisa. Supernatanty issledovali metodom negativnogo kontrastirovaniia, a takzhe ispol'zovali dlia vydeleniia i ochistki ékzosom (ul'trafil'tratsiia cherez pory 100 nm, dvoĭnoe ul'tratsentrifugirovanie (90 min, 100000 g, 4°C). Poluchennye obraztsy issledovali metodami élektronnoĭ mikroskopii i immunotsitokhimii, vydeliali RNK i DNK, opredeliali ikh razmer kapilliarnym élektroforezom, opredeliali kontsentratsiiu i lokalizatsiiu DNK v ékzosomakh. Sekvenirovanie DNK provodili na sekvenatore MiSeq (Illumina), dannye analizirovali s pomoshch'iu CLC GW 7.5 (CLC Bio). Posledovatel'nosti kartirovali na genom cheloveka (hg19). Supernatant SZh soderzhal kletochnyĭ detrit, sfericheskie mikrochastitsy (20-40 nm) i vezikuly, chast' kotorykh po razmeru i morfologii sootvetstvovala ékzosomam. Preparaty, poluchennye iz SZh putem ul'tratsentrifugirovaniia i ul'trafil'tratsii, soderzhali mikrochastitsy (17%), sfericheskie i chasheobraznye vezikuly (40-100 nm, 83%), na poverkhnosti kotorykh immunotsitokhimicheski byli vyiavleny spetsificheskie dlia ékzosom markery (CD63, CD9 i CD24). Provedennoe issledovanie pokazalo, chto v SZh liudeĭ soderzhatsia ékzosomy v vysokoĭ kontsentratsii, s kotorymi sviazany RNK (razmerom menee 200 par nukleotidov) i genomnaia DNK (razmerom 3-9 t.p.o.). Sekvenirovanie DNK pokazalo, chto okolo 92% prochteniĭ (reads) kartiruiutsia na genom cheloveka.

The research has been carried out on the change in the structural composition of leached chernozem of the Krasnoyarsk forest steppe under the influence of plowing with turnover soil and without it in “Acha” barley crops. It was found out that the content of agronomically valuable aggregates ranging from 0.25 mm to 10 mm in size corresponds to the structural state of the soil according to the Williams V. R. gradation. The sample without tillage proved to be the highest structurally coefficient. The content of structural elements larger than 0.25 mm ranges from 78.3 % to 92.5 % and indicates a high wind resistance of the soil. The water resistance of the soil structure of the studied variants in the spring corresponds to an excellent condition. By autumn it is reduced to good condition. Evaluation of the role of individual structural aggregates larger than 10 mm, 5 mm and less than 0.25 mm in the formation of barley yield in laboratory conditions showed that the maximum amount of moisture evaporated from the vessels filled with the smallest aggregates (less than 0.25 mm). In these same vessels, the maximum yield of phytomass of barley was obtained.

Aim. To reveal cognitive deficit after coronary artery bypass, the influence of citicoline, piribedil on the state of higher cerebral functions in the early and late periods after surgery.Material and methods. The study included 94 patients with ischemic heart disease. All patients were divided into 3 groups. Patients of the first group (n=30) were prescribed citicoline as a cerebral neuroprotective drug. Patients of the second group (n=32) had piribedil in addition to standard therapy. Patients of the control group (n=32) had only a standard treatment without any neuroprotective drugs. All patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. The cognitive function was assessed before, 10 days after and six months after coronary artery bypass.Results. Patients of group 1 and 2 had achieved pre-surgical levels of cognitive tests results 6 months after coronary artery bypass. The control group had achieved initial levels only in three tests: visual memory (immediate simulation; p=0.008), categorical association (p=0.002), clock drawing test (Wilcoxon test; p=0,005), while other indices were reduced in comparison with the initial ones.Conclusion. The obtained results allow considering the studied drugs as a protectors of cognitive function after surgery. Randomized controlled double-blind studies on large samples are needed to confirm these results.

The equilibrium sorption of methanol and benzene vapors by spherical porous nanocluster polyoxometallates with keplerate structures of different compositions (Mo132 and Mo72Fe30) and polyoxometallate (Mo138) with a toroidal structure and patterns in the kinetics of these processes are studied. Changes in the chemical potentials of the sorbates and polyoxometallates, specific Gibbs energies of the interaction of the polyoxometallates with the indicated substances, and the partial molar entropy of the interaction of Mo132 with methanol are calculated. The stability of the polyoxometallate structure in the sorbate vapors is studied via IR and Raman spectroscopy.

To examine the influence exerted on the degree of hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis by the content of olefin (diolefin) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at different fractional compositions of distillate mixtures, joint hydrotreating of vacuum gasoil with benzine and light and heavy coking gasoils was performed. The study was carried out in a laboratory installation under a hydrogen pressure of 5.0 MPa, temperature of 375°C, volumetric flow rate of raw materials of 1 h−1, and H2/raw material ratio of 1000/1. The effect of the composition of raw materials and process conditions on the chemical composition and quality parameters of the resulting products was demonstrated. It was shown that a pronounced competition between olefin and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in hydrogenation reactions is observed for mixtures of heavy vacuum gasoil and light coking gasoil, in contrast to mixtures of straight-run diesel fraction and light coking gasoil.

This paper examines the structural and particle size characteristics of lithium carbonate after mechanical processing in an AGO-2 planetary activator, followed by heat treatment. Milling increases the specific surface area of lithium carbonate, changes the aggregate size distribution, reduces the crystallite size, increases the lattice strain in the material, and changes the monoclinic cell parameters. Subsequent heat treatment of the mechanically activated samples in the range 25–500°C is accompanied by recrystallization of the material: its specific surface area and lattice strain decrease, the crystallite size increases, and its unit-cell parameters change.

This review deals with the etiology, pathogenesis and prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients undergoing coro-nary bypass surgery. The importance of early diagnosis and early treatment of cognitive disorders in patients after coronary ar tery bypass grafting is emphasized. Key words: ischemic heart disease, cognitive impairment, coronary artery bypass surgery. Несмотря на существенные достижения последних лет в области снижения смертности и повышения рождаемо-сти, демографическая ситуация в Российской Федерации остается неблагоприятной. Среди причин смертности населения в России, как и в большинстве развитых стран, ведущее место занимают болезни системы кровообращения. Начиная с 1975 года, доля умерших от этой патологии прочно занимает первое место в структуре общей смертности населения. В 2009 году в России от болезней системы кровообращения умерло 1136,7 тыс. человек, на их долю приходилось 56,5% всех смертей [30,33]. Среди заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы (ССС), являющихся причиной смерти, основными остаются ИБС, в том числе инфаркт миокарда, церебро-васкулярные болезни и гипертоническая болезнь [35,39]. Известно, что до 60% сердечно-сосудистой смертности за-висит от распространенности в популяции так называемых факторов риска, к которым относятся артериальная гипер-тония, нарушения углеводного обмена, ожирение, курение, чрезмерное употребление алкоголя, низкая физическая активность, иными словами, – элементы нездорового об-раза жизни [25,41]. В настоящее время ИБС занимает ведущую позицию среди сердечно- сосудистых заболеваний как по при-чине смертности, так и по инвалидности трудоспособ-ного населения России. Консервативное лечение у этих пациентов зачастую малоэффективно и хирургическая реваскуляризация миокарда является единственным ме-тодом лечения, улучшающим качество жизни и прогноз [5,9,16,58]. В настоящее время доказано, что коронарное шунтирование (КШ) является лучшим методом хирурги-ческой реваскуляризации для таких пациентов [53,55]. При этом у такого рода пациентов наблюдается высокая частота периоперационных осложнений, среди которых особое внимание заслуживают цереброваскулярные [2,23,28, 38,50].Повреждение головного мозга после оперативного вмешательства на сердце является актуальной проблемой, несмотря на улучшение хирургических и внедрение ней-ропротективных методов. Тем не менее, на сегодняшний день пациенты, направляемые на кардиохирургические операции, стали старше и имеют больше коморбидной патологии [34,46]. Существуют две клинические формы послеопера-ционного цереброваскулярного осложнения после КШ: I тип – ОНМК и II тип – когнитивные расстройства. По данным разных авторов, послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция (ПОКД) встречается от 5 до 80 % в послеопе-рационном периоде КШ [7,15,34, 45,56,59]. Однако до на-стоящего времени не сложилось единого мнения о частоте неврологических осложнений после операций на сердце в условиях искусственного кровообращения (ИК).

The methodology of efficient macroscopic calculation of parameters of the cubic crystal lattice based on the use of the coefficient of structured packing of its elementary cell is considered. The possibility of precision theoretical determination of the numerical values of interatomic distances in crystals of the type under consideration is shown.

The cybernetic equation for the permittivity of a condensed sample is examined. The results of modeling the long-wavelength optical spectra of pure crystalline oxides as well as the resulting spectral dependences of the electronic properties of the experimental sample are presented.

Three samples of γ-Al2O3 with different textural characteristics have been synthesized from AlOOH powders (Sasol). Ni(Co)Mo/Al2O3 catalysts have been prepared by single impregnation of the γ-Al2O3 samples with solutions of active ingredients. The morphology of the active phase of the sulfided samples has been studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The catalytic activity has been measured with the use of vacuum gas oil (VGO) as a feedstock at temperatures of 360, 390 and 420°C. After catalytic activity measurements, the catalysts have been investigated by means of differential thermal and thermographic analysis (DTA-TGA). Textural characteristics of the catalysts in the oxide and sulfide forms have been determined, including those after the measurement of activity in VGO hydrotreating. The textural characteristics of the samples have been shown to correlate with the extent of the hydrogenation reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrodesulfurization. The highest hydrogenating and hydrodesulfurizing activity has been displayed by the sample on the support with the largest specific surface area and the smallest effective pore radius.

In 1996–2009, the incidence of syphilis in the North-West region of Russia has declined and changed its structure. The frequency of neurosyphilis and latent forms increased, especially of late and unspecified latent syphilis. Differences in the structure of syphilis between the Leningrad region and St. Petersburg have been identified, which consisted in the reduction of primary syphilis and an increase in early latent syphilis in comparison with the city.

In 1996–2009, the incidence of syphilis in the North-West region of Russia has declined and changed its structure. The frequency of neurolues and latent forms increased, especially of late and unspecified latent syphilis. Differences in the structure of syphilis between the Leningrad region and St. Petersburg have been identified, which consisted in the reduction of primary syphilis and an increase in early latent syphilis in comparison with the city.

The changes in the dielectric properties of steatite ceramic before and after irradiation were studied. The characteristic vibrational frequency ω0 affects the change in the properties of the ceramic, which is important for devices operating in the presence of radiation. It was found that the permittivity of ceramic increased after irradiation. The structure of the material and the sintering temperature of the ceramic determine the relaxation region of the material.

The article presents the results of studies conducted on the effectiveness of barley foliar feeding under field experiment conditions. The studies were carried out in a field stationary experiment in a grain-vapor-tilled crop rotation system with the following rotation: green-manured fallow - spring wheat - barley - maize - spring wheat. The object of the research was leached chernozem. Rotation cropping was sown on two degrees of ground fertilization – without fertilizer and with fertilizer. Urea (carbamide) was added as barley foliar feeding. Spring wheat that was sown on rape plant green-manured fallow served as the forecrop to the barley. Soil fertility heterogeneity was determined by examining barley crops during the tillering period (biomass scanning). Unmanned aerial vehicles manufactured by Krasaeroskan were used for this purpose. The results of NDVI index determination in the field experiment formed the basis for determining the mineral nitrogen fertilizer doses. Such doses were refined by tissue diagnostics. It was established that foliar feeding with mineral nitrogen fertilizers (urea) contributed to an increase in barley productivity.

Pathogenesis of OP in aged women is complicated enough and depends on many exogenous and endogenous factors. Ageing process is accompanied by involutive processes almost in all tissues and systems of the body. All these age-related changes lead to lesions of hormonal status, reproductive/regenerative system, especially in combination with negative endogenous factors. In this study we presented data about optimization of the treatment of osteoporosis in elderly people with cognitive disorders using anabolizators of bone tissue based on entomological hormones of drone brood. Our studies showed that it is possible not only to stop osteoporosis but also to reduce its severity as well as reduce the risks of fractures and cognitive disorders.

The methodology of effective macroscopic calculation of numerical values of internuclear distances in binary crystals of a cubic crystal system is based on the use of coefficients of the structural packing density of the crystal lattice. The possibility of combining the reference data on the main physicochemical parameters of the substance is implemented by synthesis of the corresponding mathematical models.

The isotopic (U-Pb, 238U-235U, 234U-238U) and chemical study of whole-rock samples and finegrained fractions of rocks in a vertical section of the terrigenous sequence at the Dybryn uranium deposit in the Khiagda ore field shows that a wide U-Pb isotopic age range (26.9-6.5 Ma) is caused by oxidation and disturbance of the U-Pb isotopic system in combination with protracted uranium ore deposition. The oxidation of rocks resulted in the loss of uranium relative to lead and eventually to an overestimated 206Pb/238U age at sites with a low U content. The 238U/235U ratios in the studied samples are within the range of 137.74–137.88. Samples with a high uranium content are characterized by a decreasing 238U/235U ratio with a decrease in 207Pb/235U and 206Pb/238U ages. A nonequilibrium 234U/238U ratio in most studied samples furnishes evidence for young (

Involvement of gasoline and light coker gas oil in the feedstock of diesel hydrotreating units has been examined under laboratory conditions. The influence of the feedstock composition and the process conditions on the chemical composition and quality characteristics of the products has been revealed.

A systematic study of Pb isotope composition was carried out for Elbrus Volcano, one of the Europe’s largest volcanoes, using high-precision method of multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The measurement error of Pb isotope ratios was estimated from the results of replicate analyses of international BCR-1 and AGV-1 standards as ±0.03% (±2SD). The study of a representative collection showed that dacites of all three phases of the Elbrus eruptive activity are characterized by relatively small-scale variations of Pb isotope composition: 206Pb/204Pb 18.621–18.670, 207Pb/204Pb 15.636–15.659, and 208Pb/204Pb 38.762–38.845. New Pb isotope geochemical characteristics in combination with existing Sr-Nd data indicate that the parental magmas of Elbrus are of mixed mantle-crust origin. They were formed by interaction of mantle-derived melts with continental crust of the Greater Caucasus during continental collision between the Eurasian, Arabian, Turkish, and Iranian plates.

To evaluate the efficacy of computer-based stimulation programs in the correction of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients with ischemic heart disease in remote period after coronary artery bypass surgery.The study involved 74 patients. All patients underwent a drug therapy and the rehabilitation course using computer-based stimulation programs (1 time per day for 20 minutes during10 days). Coronary artery bypass surgery was performed for all patients. Patients were examined before operation, after 6 and 12 months.The significant improvement of higher cortical functions assessed with the FAB scale, the Schulte test, associated thinking test, ten-word retrieval test at the first attempt, the Clock drawing test) was revealed in the group using computer-based stimulation programs in comparison with the control group.It is found that rehabilitation course using computer-based stimulation programs in patients with ischemic heart disease after coronary artery bypass surgery is the effective method of cognitive function correction.Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность использования компьютерных стимулирующих программ в коррекции послеоперационных когнитивных дисфункций у больных с ишемической болезнью сердца в отдаленном периоде после операции коронарного шунтирования (КШ). Материал и методы. Обследованы 74 пациента, которым была проведена операция КШ. Больных обследовали до операции, при выписке из стационара после оперативного лечения, через 6 и 12 мес. В послеоперационном периоде все пациенты прошли курс медикаментозной терапии, 37 них - дополнительно курс реабилитации с использованием компьютерных стимулирующих программ - КСП (1 раз в день по 20 мин в течение 10 дней). Результаты и заключение. В группе больных, которым назначали курс КСП, установлено существенное преимущество в показателях эффективности восстановления высших корковых функций по ряду шкал и нейропсихологических тестов по сравнению с группой контроля. Сделан вывод, что курс реабилитации с использованием КСП у больных с ИБС после операции КШ является эффективным способом коррекции когнитивных функций.Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность использования компьютерных стимулирующих программ в коррекции послеоперационных когнитивных дисфункций у больных с ишемической болезнью сердца в отдаленном периоде после операции коронарного шунтирования (КШ). Материал и методы. Обследованы 74 пациента, которым была проведена операция КШ. Больных обследовали до операции, при выписке из стационара после оперативного лечения, через 6 и 12 мес. В послеоперационном периоде все пациенты прошли курс медикаментозной терапии, 37 них — дополнительно курс реабилитации с использованием компьютерных стимулирующих программ — КСП (1 раз в день по 20 мин в течение 10 дней). Результаты и заключение. В группе больных, которым назначали курс КСП, установлено существенное преимущество в показателях эффективности восстановления высших корковых функций по ряду шкал и нейропсихологических тестов по сравнению с группой контроля. Сделан вывод, что курс реабилитации с использованием КСП у больных с ИБС после операции КШ является эффективным способом коррекции когнитивных функций.

The experience of using a hybrid course, developed for higher education undergraduates being analyzed in the given article. Particular attention is paid to the communication features of the hybrid course. Also the change of sender's and recipient's roles in the electronic environment is described, as well as the transformation of the educational message format. The feedback and the importance of context of the communication process in the hybrid course are determined. The merits and disadvantages of hybrid courses are evaluated. Considering characteristics of the particular communication process in electronic learning environment and the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of hybrid courses, potential areas of development of hybrid courses are identified.

The effect of preliminary mechanical activation of Al(OH)3 on its solid-state reaction with Li2CO3 at temperatures above 800°C has been studied by thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, in situ X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and specific surface area and particle size measurements. The results demonstrate that preliminary mechanical activation of Al(OH)3 in an AGO-2 planetary mill at 40g for 1 min allows phase-pure γ-LiAlO2 to be obtained. The composition of the lithium aluminates resulting from mechanical activation and heat treatment depends on the phase composition of the aluminum oxides resulting from the thermal decomposition of Al(OH)3. The particle size and specific surface area of the forming γ-LiAlO2 have been determined.

The article describes issues of simulation of ABS and traction-control system based on developed quasi-spatial simulation vehicle model, which corresponds to experimental four-wheel-drive vehicle with individual electric wheels.

The kinetics of H2 desorption from the surface of a copper-platinum catalyst deposited on silica gel ([1 wt % Pt + 0.15 wt % Cu]/SiO2) and the kinetics of C6H12 dehydrogenation were studied. The effects of copper introduction in a platinum catalyst on the structural characteristics of platinum particles, the composition of their surface, and the effects of plasmochemical treatments on these parameters were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The metal-H atom bond energies (E Pt-H) and the catalytic activity were found to increase in the presence of Cu. This was explained by the formation of new hydrogen adsorption centers (due to the Cu+δ adatoms) and catalytic centers composed of Cu+δ adatoms and carbon atoms. The mean diameter of Pt particles (D) increased twofold. The microstresses (ɛ) in the particles increased after the catalyst was treated with glow discharge plasma in Ar and O2 and with high-frequency plasma in H2 (HF-H2). The observed changes in the bond energy E Pt-H and kinetic parameters were explained by the increase in microstresses in Pt particles.

Metal-intermetallic laminated composites are fabricated upon reaction sintering of titanium and aluminum foils of various thicknesses. The mechanical properties of the composites with various metallic and intermetallic component contents are estimated using static and dynamic tests. The mechanical properties of the laminated composites are found to be anisotropic during static and dynamic loading.

An efficient mathematical model of the elastic polarization of a material in the condensed state is examined. The results of computer modeling of the optical spectra of four raw-material crystalline oxides as well as the spectral properties based on them are presented for three different samples of refractory glasses.

To work out the techniques of forecasting the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in early and late periods after coronary bypass surgery using fully connected multilayer neural networks.Based on the study of 264 patients with stroke, 9 neural network models for prognosis of cognitive dysfunction after coronary bypass surgery and 7 models for prognosis of cognitive dysfunction 12 months after surgery were built. Fully connected multilayer neural networks of direct propagation were used for working-out the prognostic techniques.The high prognostic significance of neural networks in relation to cognitive disorders in early and late periods after coronary bypass surgery under extracorporeal circulation was demonstrated. Possibilities of creating neural networks make their application in cardiac surgery clinics available and promising.Цель исследования. Разработать методику прогнозирования развития послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции в раннем и отдаленном периодах после коронарного шунтирования с использованием полносвязной многослойной нейронной сети. Материал и методы. На основе данных обследования 264 пациентов были построены 9 моделей нейронной сети для прогнозирования развития когнитивной дисфункции после операции коронарного шунтирования и 7 моделей нейронной сети для прогнозирования развития когнитивной дисфункции через 12 мес после операции. Для разработки методики использовались полносвязные многослойные нейронные сети прямого распространения. Результаты и заключение. Показана высокая прогностическая ценность нейронных сетей в отношении когнитивных нарушений в раннем и более позднем периодах после операции коронарного шунтирования в условиях искусственного кровообращения. Возможности построения нейронных сетей делают доступным и перспективным их применение в условиях кардиохирургических стационаров.

The lead isotopic composition of 33 sulfide samples from orebodies of the Sukhoi Log deposit was studied by high-precession MC-ICP-MS with a precision of ±0.02% (±2SD from 120 analyses of the SRM 981 standard sample). The deposit is located in the Bodaibo gold mining district in the northern Baikal-Patom Highland. Gold mineralization is hosted in Neoproterosoic black slates. Variations of lead isotope ratios of the Sukhoi Log sulfides are generally typical of Phanerozoic deposits and ore fields. They are significant for 206Pb/204Pb (17.903–18.674), moderate for 208Pb/204Pb (37.822–38.457), and relatively narrow for 207Pb/204Pb (15.555–15.679). In the Pb-Pb isotope diagrams, the data points of pyrite and galena constitute a linear trend. The points corresponding to pyrite from metasomatic ore occupy the left lower part of the trend. Galena from late gold-quartz veins shows more radiogenic Pb, and corresponding data points are located in the upper part of the trend. According to the Stacey-Kramers model, the end points of the trend, which is regarded as a mixing line, have μ2 = 9.6 and μ2 = 13.2 and model Pb-Pb ages 455 and 130 Ma, respectively. The isotope characteristics of ore lead, their relationships in pyrite and galena, and the mixing trend of Pb isotopic compositions are clearly tied to two Paleozoic stages in the formation of the Sukhoi Log deposit (447 ± 6 and 321 ± 14Ma) and testify to the leading role of crustal sources, which are suggested as being the Neoproterozoic black-shale terrigenous-carbonate rocks.

Comprehensive analysis of the physicochemical properties of petroleum fractions, components of hydrotreater feedstock for manufacturing diesel fuel, was performed. Twenty two fractions, of which 14 are straight-run oil distillates, six are products of thermal and thermocatalytic processes, and two fractions represent mixed hydrogen-treatment feedstock, were studied. The fractional composition, the density, the refractive index, the sulfur content, the total concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons, and the amounts of sulfonatable compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons of different classes were determined. The group composition of sulfur compounds in feedstock sources and in the mixed hydrotreater feedstock was determined. The influence of the quality of hydrotreating feedstock on the residual sulfur content in the hydrogenation product was shown for industrial conditions.

NiMo(S)/γ-Al2O3 hydropurification catalysts were synthesized using as a precursor the active sulfide phase of a heteropoly compound with Anderson structure, ammonium 6-molybdonickelate, and, for comparison, ammonium paramolybdate. The heteropoly compound synthesized was identified using X-ray phase analysis and IR spectroscopy and its thermal stability was analyzed with DTA. The hydrodesulfurizing and hydrogenating activity of catalysts synthesized from ammonium 6-molybdonickelate was examined in hydropurification of two diesel fractions with different contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and close contents of sulfur.

Aim. To study the severity of cognitive dysfunction (CD) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH).Material and methods. The study included 147 patients: 97 (66%) women and 50 (34%) men with AH of various stages. Patients age varied from 40 to 75 years (mean age 63,2+10,8 years). The participants were selected by stratified randomization method, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Various neuro-psychological tests were used in the study.Results. In AH patients, CD prevalence and severity were positively associated with AH stage. Compared to controls, AH individuals were significantly different in terms of neuro-psychological test results, including changes in voluntary activity regulation, cognitive process neurodynamics, and dynamic disturbances of memory and space functions.Conclusion. The study results provided new insights on CD prevalence and clinical manifestation in AH patients.

Objective:The main reason of placenta accrete nowadays is the increase in the number of repeated cesarean sections. The aim of our study was to assess the possibilities of ultrasound in placenta accreta diagnostics, to verify the echographic signs of PA in placenta praevia and to compare and analyse our results with Medline findings. Material: 162 pregnant women with non-migrating placenta praevia and at high risk of placenta accreta were examined in the sonographic department from 2006 to 2011. Several echographic markers, allowed to suspect invasion of placental tissue into the myometrium, were noted. When PA was suspected, MRI was performed and than morphologic examination verified our diagnosis. Results:Several echographicmarkers were revealed: lacunae, intensive collateral vasularization, bulging of placenta praevia and thinning of hypoechogenic zone of the myometrium and others.MR imaging was conducted in 9 cases of suspected placenta increta and was verified in 8 cases. C-section and hysterectomy were performed in 13 of 18 cases. No internal injuries of pelvic organs were revealed. Conclusion:Echopraphy is a valuable non-invasive method in the group with placenta praevia, it allows to verify the placental invasion into the myometrium and to exclude this pathology. Obtaining the results of these examination will be helpful in reducing the maternal morbidity and mortality in high-risk group.

The damage of dorsal hippocampus in mice F1 from DBA/2J and C57BL/6J on the learning in conditions of free choice in a complex multialternative maze was studied. It was revealed that the HPC-mice were able to form a 4-links food-getting habit in the cyclic form. The main differences affected the conjugation of the investigate activity, behavioral efficiency and inhibition of mistakes. While these processes developed by the same exponential types in control, this conjugation were absent in HPC-mice. The main defects were found in stage of habit stabilization: motivational state stability reduced sharply and duration of transition from disorganization to organizing behavior increased. It is supposed that the hippocampus involved in learning and memory indirectly because its main role is organization of the dominant state providing the stability of attention for habit realization.

The influence of the structure of active-phase precursors on the activity of hydrodesulfurization catalysts was studied using an Anderson molybdonickelic heteropoly compound as an example in comparison to conventional ammonium paramolybdate. The effect of stabilizers of mixed ammonium paramolybdate and nickel nitrate solutions on the final properties of catalysts was revealed. The catalysts were synthesized and tested in pulse microcatalytic and flow reactor units. The benefit of the ammonium salt of molybdonickelic heteropoly acid as an active-phase precursor and the effectiveness of stabilization of ammonium paramolybdate and nickel nitrate aqueous solution by tartaric acid—a procedure that considerably enhances the catalytic activity of the test samples—were shown.

Moistening of filler particles with binder, curing, and high-temperature synthesis were studied in a liquid-glass formulation based on aluminum oxide. Selected kinetic parameters of these processes were determined. The influence exerted by the phase composition and mechanical activation on the adhesion, yield of the synthesis product, and basic properties of the formulation were analyzed.

Estimates are made of the hardware costs and functional reliability of a structural model for a fault-tolerant memory for computerized measuring instruments, which realizes an error-correcting code providing correction of errors of a given multiplicity and the detection of the maximum number of uncorrectable errors.

Data protection methods are compared for measurements systems, which are based on the use of error-correcting codes, which can correct errors of given multiplicity and observe the maximum number of uncorrectable errors.

A method of constructing a correcting code which corrects errors of a specified multiplicity and which detects the maximum number of uncorrected errors is considered.