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102. Fifth International Mutation Detection Workshop

Author

Dianzani, I., Dianzani, U., Camaschella, C, Ponzone, A., Piazza, A., Cotton, R.G., Dianzani, I., Dianzani, U., Camaschella, C, Ponzone, A., Piazza, A., and Cotton, R.G.

Published
1999

103. Diamond-Blackfan anaemia in the Italian population

Author

Ramenghi, U, Garelli, E, Valtolina, S, Campagnoli, M F, Timeus, F, Crescenzio, N, Mair, M, Varotto, S, D'Avanzo, M, Nobili, B, Massolo, F, Mori, P G, Locatelli, Franco, Gustavsson, P, Dahl, N, Dianzani, I, Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654), Ramenghi, U, Garelli, E, Valtolina, S, Campagnoli, M F, Timeus, F, Crescenzio, N, Mair, M, Varotto, S, D'Avanzo, M, Nobili, B, Massolo, F, Mori, P G, Locatelli, Franco, Gustavsson, P, Dahl, N, Dianzani, I, and Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654)

Abstract

Diamond-Blackfan anaemia (DBA) is a congenital disease characterized by defective erythroid progenitor maturation; 30% of patients have congenital malformations. The link between these malformations and defective erythropoiesis is unclear: a defect in a molecule acting both on embryo development and haemopoiesis has been proposed, Inheritance is autosomal dominant in most familial cases, but recessive families have also been reported. Many cases are sporadic. A DBA locus has been mapped on chromosome 19q13.2 (Gustavsson et al, 1997), but several families unlinked to this locus have also been reported (Gustavsson et al, 1998).This paper presents clinical, epidemiological and molecular data for DBA in the Italian population, Segregation analysis of 19q markers in patients with DBA showed exclusion of this locus in 5/12 families with inherited DBA. There was evidently locus heterogeneity for DBA in this population. A new microdeletion was identified in one patient. Other families, in which DBA segregates concordantly with the 19q critical region, suggest incomplete penetrance and expressivity of the DBA gene.

Published
1999

104. Identification of microdeletions spanning the Diamond-Blackfan anemia locus on 19q13 and evidence for genetic heterogeneity.

Author

Gustavsson, P, Garelli, E, Draptchinskaia, N, Ball, S, Willig, TN, Tentler, D, Dianzani, I, Punnett, HH, Shafer, FE, Cario, H, Ramenghi, U, Glomstein, A, Pfeiffer, RA, Goringe, A, Olivieri, NF, Smibert, E, Tchernia, G, Elinder, G, Dahl, N, Gustavsson, P, Garelli, E, Draptchinskaia, N, Ball, S, Willig, TN, Tentler, D, Dianzani, I, Punnett, HH, Shafer, FE, Cario, H, Ramenghi, U, Glomstein, A, Pfeiffer, RA, Goringe, A, Olivieri, NF, Smibert, E, Tchernia, G, Elinder, G, and Dahl, N

Published
1998

106. Diamond-Blackfan anaemia : genetic homogeneity for a gene on chromosome 19q13 restricted to 1.8 Mb.

Author

Gustavsson, P, Thiebaut-Noel, Willig, van Haeringen, A, Tehernia, G, Dianzani, I, Donner, M, Elinder, G, Henter, JI, Nilsson, PG, Gordon, L, Skeppner, G, van´t Veer-Korthof, L, Kreuger, A, Dahl, N, Gustavsson, P, Thiebaut-Noel, Willig, van Haeringen, A, Tehernia, G, Dianzani, I, Donner, M, Elinder, G, Henter, JI, Nilsson, PG, Gordon, L, Skeppner, G, van´t Veer-Korthof, L, Kreuger, A, and Dahl, N

Published
1997

107. Mutations in the erythropoietin receptor gene are not a common cause of Diamond-Blackfan anemia

Author

Dianzani, I, Garelli, E, Dompè, C, Crescenzio, N, Locatelli, Franco, Schilirò, G, Castaman, G, Bagnara, G P, Olivieri, N F, Gabutti, V, Ramenghi, U, Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654), Dianzani, I, Garelli, E, Dompè, C, Crescenzio, N, Locatelli, Franco, Schilirò, G, Castaman, G, Bagnara, G P, Olivieri, N F, Gabutti, V, Ramenghi, U, and Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654)

Abstract

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is an inherited pure red blood cell aplasia that often requires lifelong transfusional support. The origin of the imperfect erythrogenesis is not known. The existence of more than one molecular basis for DBA is indicated by its different modes of inheritance and widely variable clinical phenotypes. Several erythroid growth factors have been thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of DBA. However, there is neither molecular nor clinical evidence for the involvement of stem cell factor or interleukin-3. The observation of elevated erythropoietin (EPO) concentrations and an impaired in vivo and in vitro response to pharmacologic doses of recombinant human EPO has suggested a defective EPO function in the pathogenesis of DBA. We have investigated the possible involvement of the EPO receptor (EPO-R) gene in 23 patients by screening its coding sequence for mutations using single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). A Southern blot and hybridization with an EPO-R probe was also performed on DNA from seven patients. No causal mutations were identified. The absence of concordant segregation of the disease with the EPO-R gene in two informative families ruled out its role in their DBA children. These findings demonstrate that DBA is not commonly associated with EPO-R gene mutations.

Published
1996

108. IDENTIFICATION OF MICRODELETIONS SPANNING THE DIAMOND-BLACKFAN ANEMIA (DBA) LOCUS ON 19Q13 AND EVIDENCE FOR GENETIC HETEROGENEITY

Author

Gustavsson, P, primary, Garelli, E, additional, Draptchinskaia, N, additional, Ball, S, additional, Willing, T N, additional, Tentler, D, additional, Dianzani, I, additional, Punnett, H H, additional, Shafer, F E, additional, Cario, H, additional, Ramenghi, U, additional, Glomstein, A, additional, Pfeiffer, R A, additional, Goringe, A, additional, Olivieri, N F, additional, Smibert, E, additional, Tchernia, G, additional, Elinder, G, additional, and Dahl, N, additional

Published
1999
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109. Linkage analysis of 6p21 polymorphic markers and the hereditary hemochromatosis: localization of the gene centromeric to HLA-F

Author

Gasparini, P, Borgato, L, Piperno, A, Girelli, D, Olivieri, O, Gottardi, E, Roetto, A, Dianzani, I, Fargion, S, Schinaia, G, Schinaia, G., PIPERNO, ALBERTO, Gasparini, P, Borgato, L, Piperno, A, Girelli, D, Olivieri, O, Gottardi, E, Roetto, A, Dianzani, I, Fargion, S, Schinaia, G, Schinaia, G., and PIPERNO, ALBERTO

Abstract

Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HFE) is one of the most common inherited disorders with an estimated frequency of homozygous patients of 0.002-0.0045. The disease is characterized by increased intestinal iron absorption and progressive iron overload. Affected subjects show clinical symptoms of parenchymal organ damage after the third-fourth decade of life and have a 200 fold increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. Early diagnosis and treatment prevent complications and may normalize life expectancy of patients. The biochemical and genetic defects leading to progressive iron accumulation are still unknown, but the HFE gene is tightly linked to HLA complex on the short arm of chromosome 6. Utilizing HLA serotypes and the study of several polymorphic markers of 6p21, a linkage analysis of the disease locus was performed in a series of Italian hemochromatosis families. The data obtained by linkage analysis and the study of a family with a double recombinant allowed us to better define the HFE gene location with respect to HLA-class I A and F loci.

Published
1993

110. Construction of a genetic map telomeric to HAL-A by microsatellite analysis

Author

Camaschella, C, Roetto, A, De Sandre, G, Piperno, A, Totaro, A, Dianzani, I, Gasparini, P, Gasparini, P., PIPERNO, ALBERTO, Camaschella, C, Roetto, A, De Sandre, G, Piperno, A, Totaro, A, Dianzani, I, Gasparini, P, Gasparini, P., and PIPERNO, ALBERTO

Abstract

Allele and genotype frquencies of five microsatellites on the short arm of chromosome 6 have been determined in 158 subjects from 14 large Italian families, using polymerase chain reaction amplification and a non-radioactive method of detection. The markers studied were: D6S89, D6S109, D6S105, pLR12 and HLA-F; their heterozygosity ranged from 0.65 to 0.78. Two point and three point linkage analysis among these markers and HLA-A serological types - available for all the studied samples - allowed construction of a partial genetic map telomeric to HLA-A. Our results may be useful for linkage anlaysis of genetic disorders mapping on this region of 6 p.

Published
1993

115. Analysis of Sequence Contexts Flanking T·G Mismatches Leads to Predictions about Reactivity of the Mismatched T to Osmium Tetroxide

Author

COTTON, R.G.H., primary, DAHL, H.-H.M., additional, FORREST, S, additional, HOWELLS, D.W., additional, RAMUS, S.J., additional, BISHOP, R.E., additional, DIANZANI, I., additional, SALEEBA, J.A., additional, PALOMBO, E., additional, ANDERSON, M.J., additional, MILNER, C.M., additional, and CAMPBELL, R.D., additional

Published
1993
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119. The 423Q polymorphism of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis gene influences monocyte function and is associated with periodic fever.

Author

Ferretti M, Gattorno M, Chiocchetti A, Mesturini R, Orilieri E, Bensi T, Sormani MP, Cappellano G, Cerutti E, Nicola S, Biava A, Bardelli C, Federici S, Ceccherini I, Baldi M, Santoro C, Dianzani I, Martini A, and Dianzani U

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Hereditary periodic fever syndromes (HPFs) develop as a result of uncontrolled activation of the inflammatory response, with a substantial contribution from interleukin-1beta or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). The HPFs include familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), hyperimmunoglobulinemia D with periodic fever syndrome (HIDS), TNF receptor-associated syndrome (TRAPS), and cryopyrinopathies, which are attributable to mutations of the MEFV, MVK, TNFRSF1A, and CIAS1 genes, respectively. However, in many patients, the mutated gene has not been determined; therefore, the condition in these patients with an HPF-like clinical picture is referred to as idiopathic periodic fever (IPF). The aim of this study was to assess involvement of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), which plays a role in caspase inhibition and NF-kappaB signaling, both of which are processes that influence the development of inflammatory cells. METHODS: The XIAP gene (X-linked) was sequenced in 87 patients with IPF, 46 patients with HPF (13 with HIDS, 17 with TRAPS, and 16 with FMF), and 182 healthy control subjects. The expression of different alleles was evaluated by sequencing XIAP-specific complementary DNA mini-libraries and by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. The functional effect of XIAP on caspase 9 activity was assessed by a fluorimetric assay, and cytokine secretion was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Sequencing disclosed a 1268A>C variation that caused a Q423P amino acid substitution. The frequency of 423Q-homozygous female patients and 423Q-hemizygous male patients was significantly higher in the IPF group than in the control group (69% versus 51%; odds ratio 2.17, 95% confidence interval 1.23-3.87, P = 0.007), whereas no significant difference was detected in the HPF group (59%) compared with controls. In primary lymphocytes and transfected cell lines, 423Q, as compared with 423P, was associated with higher XIAP protein and messenger RNA expression and lower caspase 9 activation. In lipopolysaccharide-activated monocytes, 423Q was associated with higher secretion of TNFalpha. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that 423Q is a predisposing factor for IPF development, possibly through its influence on monocyte function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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121. Diamond-Blackfan Anaemia: An Overview.

Author

Dianzani, I., Garelli, E., and Ramenghi, U.

Subjects
*ANEMIA, *GENETIC disorders, *RETICULOCYTES, *ADRENOCORTICAL hormones
Abstract

Diamond Blackfan Anaemia (DBA) is a congenital disease characterised by defective erythroid progenitor maturation. It is usually diagnosed during the first year of life. The main clinical sign is profound isolated normochromic or macrocytic anaemia, with normal numbers and function of the other haemopoietic cells. Reticulocyte counts in patients with DBA are very low. Bone marrow reflects the defective erythropoiesis, showing a very low number of erythropoietic precursors and a reduction of erythroid burst-forming unit progenitor cells. The proliferation and differentiation of the other lineages are normal. More than one-third of patients have malformations, most often involving the upper limbs and head, and the urogenital or cardiovascular systems. However, the link between these malformations and defective erythropoiesis is unclear and a defect in a molecule acting on both early embryonic development and haematopoiesis has been proposed. Whereas most cases are sporadic, inheritance is observed in 10% of patients, with a dominant or, more rarely, recessive pattern. One locus on chromosome 19q13.2 encoding ribosomal protein S19 accounts for a quarter of patients with either the dominant or the sporadic form. Families not linked with this locus have also been described. The diagnosis of DBA may be difficult and differential diagnoses include Fanconi's anaemia and acquired erythroid aplasias. Erythrocyte adenosine deaminase levels are generally high in DBA patients, which may help in the diagnosis, but they are not pathognomic. Corticosteroids are the main treatment option in DBA and these agents induce erythropoiesis in over 60% of patients. Some patients achieve complete remission, which may be either corticosteroid-induced or spontaneous. The increased in vitro erythropoiesis occasionally induced by the addition of specific cytokines, namely interleukin (IL)-3 and stem cell factor (SCF), has suggested their use in vivo. However, few patients have responded to IL-3, whereas SCF administration, though interesting in theory, has not yet been attempted. Patients who do not respond to corticosteroids and those who have to discontinue treatment because of adverse events must rely on long term transfusions, and are thus exposed to all of the associated complications. Bone marrow or cord blood transplantation has been performed in some patients. The former approach is burdened with severe complications and high mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
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122. XRCC1and ERCC1variants modify malignant mesothelioma risk: A case–control study

Author

Betti, M., Ferrante, D., Padoan, M., Guarrera, S., Giordano, M., Aspesi, A., Mirabelli, D., Casadio, C., Ardissone, F., Ruffini, E., Betta, P.G., Libener, R., Guaschino, R., Matullo, G., Piccolini, E., Magnani, C., and Dianzani, I.

Abstract

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare aggressive tumor associated with asbestos exposure. The possible role of genetic factors has also been suggested and MPM has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of xenobiotic and oxidative metabolism enzymes. We have identified an association of the DNA repair gene XRCC1with MPM in the population of Casale Monferrato, a town exposed to high asbestos pollution. To extend this observation we examined 35 SNPs in 15 genes that could be involved in MPM carcinogenicity in 220 MPM patients and 296 controls from two case–control studies conducted in Casale (151 patients, 252 controls) and Turin (69 patients, 44 controls), respectively. Unconditional multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Two DNA repair genes were associated with MPM, i.e. XRCC1and ERCC1. Considering asbestos-exposed only, the risk increased with the increasing number of XRCC1-399Q alleles (Casale: OR=1.44, 95%CI 1.02–2.03; Casale+Turin: OR=1.34, 95%CI 0.98–1.84) or XRCC1−77T alleles (Casale+Turin: OR=1.33, 95%CI 0.97–1.81). The XRCC1-TGGGGGAACAGA haplotype was significantly associated with MPM (Casale: OR=1.76, 95%CI 1.04–2.96). Patients heterozygotes for ERCC1N118N showed an increased OR in all subjects (OR=1.66, 95%CI 1.06–2.60) and in asbestos-exposed only (OR=1.59, 95%CI 1.01–2.50). When the dominant model was considered (i.e. ERCC1heterozygotes CT plus homozygotes CC versus homozygotes TT) the risk was statistically significant both in all subjects (OR=1.61, 95%CI 1.06–2.47) and in asbestos-exposed only (OR=1.56, 95%CI 1.02–2.40). The combination of ERCC1N118N and XRCC1R399Q was statistically significant (Casale: OR=2.02, 95%CI 1.01–4.05; Casale+Turin: OR=2.39, 95%CI 1.29–4.43). The association of MPM with DNA repair genes support the hypothesis that an increased susceptibility to DNA damage may favour asbestos carcinogenicity.

Published
2011
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124. Familial tumoral calcinosis and testicular microlithiasis associated with a new mutation of GALNT3 in a white family.

Author

Carnpagnoli, M. F., Pucci, A., Garelli, E., Carando, A., Defilippi, C., Lala, R., Ingrosso, G., Dianzani, I., Forni, M., and Ramenghi, U.

Subjects
AUTOIMMUNE diseases, GENETIC mutation, AUTOIMMUNITY, IMMUNOLOGIC diseases, CLINICAL pathology
Abstract

Background: Familial tumoral calcinosis (FTC) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterised by the development of multiple calcified masses in periarticular soft tissues; GALNT3 gene mutations have recently been described in an African American and in a Druse Arab family with FTC. Objective: To report the clinical and histological features caused by a new GALNT3 mutation in a white family. Results: Homozygosity for the nonsense mutation Lys463X was found in both affected siblings, who displayed a classic phenotype, the male also having testicular microlithiasis. He is the first subject described with testicular microlithiasis in FTC. Conclusions: The high testicular expression of GALNT3 suggests that the gene alteration could act locally by causing deposition of calcium, and the testis may be an underestimated site of calcification in FTC. Autoimmune diseases are present in several members of the family. Although immune disorders have been described in FTC, autoimmunity does not segregate with the GALNT3 mutation in this family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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125. Mutations in ribosomal protein S19 gene and Diamond Blackfan anemia: Wide variations in phenotypic expression

Author

Willig, T. -N, Draptchinskaia, N., Dianzani, I., Ball, S., Niemeyer, C., Ramenghi, U., Orfali, K., Gustavsson, P., Garelli, E., Alfredo Brusco, Tiemann, C., Pérignon, J. L., Bouchier, C., Cicchiello, L., Dahl, N., Mohandas, N., and Tchernia, G.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Ribosomal Proteins, Adolescent, Base Sequence, Molecular Sequence Data, Infant, Pedigree, Fanconi Anemia, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Humans, Female, Amino Acid Sequence
Abstract

Mutations of the ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19) gene were recently identified in 10 patients with Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA). To determine the prevalence of mutations in this gene in DBA and to begin to define the molecular basis for the observed variable clinical phenotype of this disorder, the genomic sequence of the 6 exons and the 5' untranslated region of the RPS19 gene was directly assessed in DBA index cases from 172 new families. Mutations affecting the coding sequence of RPS19 or splice sites were found in 34 cases (19.7%), whereas mutations in noncoding regions were found in 8 patients (4.6%). Mutations included nonsense, missense, splice sites, and frameshift mutations. A hot spot for missense mutations was identified between codons 52 and 62 of the RPS19 gene in a new sequence consensus motif W-[YFW]-[YF]-x-R-[AT]-A-[SA]-x-[AL]-R-[HRK]-[ILV]-Y. No correlation between the nature of mutations and the different patterns of clinical expression, including age at presentation, presence of malformations, and therapeutic outcome, could be documented. Moreover, RPS19 mutations were also found in some first-degree relatives presenting only with isolated high erythrocyte adenosine deaminase activity and/or macrocytosis. The lack of a consistent relationship between the nature of the mutations and the clinical phenotype implies that yet unidentified factors modulate the phenotypic expression of the primary genetic defect in families with RPS19 mutations.

127. Molecular basis of Diamond-Blackfan anemia: New findings from the Italian registry and a review of the literature

Author

Campagnoli, M. F., Garelli, E., Quarello, P., Carando, A., Varotto, S., Nobili, B., Longoni, D., Vanna Pecile, Zecca, M., Dufour, C., Ramenghi, U., Dianzani, I., Campagnoli, Mf, Garelli, E, Quarello, P, Carando, A, Varotto, S, Nobili, Bruno, Longoni, D, Pecile, V, Zecca, M, Dufour, C, Ramenghi, U, and Dianzan, I.

Subjects
Molecular Epidemiology, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, erythropoiesis, RPS19, mutation, Phenotype, Italy, Codon, Initiator, Humans, Translocation, Genetic, Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan
Abstract

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare, pure red blood cell aplasia of childhood caused by an intrinsic defect in erythropoietic progenitors. Malformations occur in about 40% of patients. More than half of patients respond to steroids; non-responders need chronic transfusions or stem cell transplantation (SCT). Mutations in the gene encoding ribosomal protein S19 are found in 25% of patients, but the link with erythropoiesis is unclear. A second DBA locus has been found on chromosome 8p22-p23; analysis of genes of the region is in progress.We present clinical and molecular data from 97 Italian DBA patients and a review of the literature.We describe five new RPS19 gene mutations: four point mutations and one unbalanced chromosomal translocation. Hematologic findings, malformations and outcome are similar in the RPS19 mutated and the non-mutated groups. No genotype-phenotype correlation has been found so far in RPS19 mutated patients. Our data, however, and a thorough review of literature show a worse outcome (expressed as transfusion dependence) in patients with mutations that completely abolish one allele, i.e. gross chromosomal rearrangements and mutations at the initiation codon. The association of mental retardation with large deletions at the 19q locus points to a contiguous gene syndrome. A recurrent missense mutation (Arg62Trp) is associated with transfusion dependence in eight of the nine reported cases.Nationwide collaboration and population-based registries recording molecular data are essential for the further dissection of this rare heterogeneous disease and the definition of new therapeutic trials.

128. Molecular basis of phenylketonuria

Author

Giannattasio, S., Dianzani, I., Luisa DE SANCTIS, Dompe, C., Lattanzio, P., Alliaudi, C., Carnevale, F., Ponzone, A., and Marra, E.

129. Prenatal diagnosis in primary hyperphenylalaninemias

Author

Ponzone, A., Dianzani, I., Spada, M., Luisa DE SANCTIS, Guardamagna, O., Viora, E., Ponzone, R., Kierat, L., Leimbacher, W., Matasovic, A., and Blau, N.

Subjects
Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency, Prenatal diagnosis, Hyperphenylalaninemia, Phenylketonuria

130. Cystinuria phenotyping by oral lysine and arginine loading

Author

Luisa DE SANCTIS, Bonetti, G., Bruno, M., Luca, F., Bisceglia, L., Palacin, M., Dianzani, I., and Ponzone, A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Ornithine, Heterozygote, Cystinuria, Membrane Glycoproteins, Adolescent, Lysine, Homozygote, Middle Aged, Arginine, Phenotype, Intestinal Absorption, Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic, Humans, Female, Urinary Calculi, Carrier Proteins, Alleles
Abstract

Cystinuria is an inherited disorder of cystine and dibasic amino acids transport that results in urolithiasis because of poor cystine solubility. Three cystinuria phenotypes, differentiated according to urinary amino acid excretion in obligate heterozygotes, were regarded as allelic variants of a monogenic disease. Two mutated amino acid transporter genes, however, have been recently identified as responsible for cystinuria. Mutations in the SLC3A1 gene. encoding for the heavy subunit of the transporter protein rBAT, were associated with type I cystinuria, whereas type II and III cystinuria were associated with mutations in the SLC7A9 gene, encoding for a light subunit of rBAT. Lysine and arginine metabolism have, therefore, been evaluated in cystinuria homozygotes and heterozygotes to better define the cystinuria phenotypes and their correlations with these emerging genotypes.Lysine and arginine intestinal absorption and renal excretion were assessed by oral loading and compared to normal controls. Seven cystinuria homozygotes and 7 obligate heterozygotes belonging to the different types received alternately an oral dose of 0.5 mmol/kg body weight lysine or arginine. Plasma concentrations of lysine, arginine, ornithine (derived from rapid arginine conversion) were measured 0, 1, 2, and 3 hours after loading. Their urinary concentrations were measured in morning urine and in urine collected 0-6 hours after loading.Gut lysine absorption was deficient in type II and III, and normal in type I cystinuria homozygotes. Impaired arginine intestinal absorption, as well as massive lysine, arginine, and ornithine hyperexcretion were shared by all homozygotes, irrespective of the type. All heterozygotes shared normal lysine absorption, whereas arginine absorption was slightly impaired in type II and III heterozygotes, which also displayed high lysine, arginine, and ornithine urinary excretion after loading.Two cystinuria phenotypes, type I and non-type I, can be identified in both homozygous and heterozygous cystinuric subjects by oral loading tests with lysine and arginine. In agreement with recent molecular findings, non-type I cystinuria comprises mentioned type II and type III, which constitute allelic variants of a cystine and dibasic amino acid transport disorder distinct from type I cystinuria.

134. Molecular genetics of cystinuria: identification of four new mutations and seven polymorphisms, and evidence for genetic heterogeneity

Author

Gasparini P, Mj, Calonge, Bisceglia L, Purroy J, Dianzani I, Angelantonio Notarangelo, Rousaud F, Gallucci M, Testar X, and Ponzone A

Subjects
Cystinuria, Polymorphism, Genetic, Base Sequence, Genotype, Molecular Sequence Data, DNA, Original Articles, Genetic Heterogeneity, Phenotype, Italy, Spain, Mutation, Humans, Alleles, Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
Abstract

A cystinuria disease gene (rBAT) has been recently identified, and some mutations causing the disease have been described. The frequency of these mutations has been investigated in a large sample of 51 Italian and Spanish cystinuric patients. In addition, to identify new mutated alleles, genomic DNA has been analyzed by an accurate and sensitive method able to detect nucleotide changes. Because of the lack of information available on the genomic structure of rBAT gene, the study was carried out using the sequence data so far obtained by us. More than 70% of the entire coding sequence and 8 intron-exon boundaries have been analyzed. Four new mutations and seven intragenic polymorphisms have been detected. All mutations so far identified in rBAT belong only to cystinuria type I alleles, accounting for approximately 44% of all type I cystinuric chromosomes. Mutation M467T is the most common mutated allele in the Italian and Spanish populations. After analysis of 70% of the rBAT coding region, we have detected normal sequences in cystinuria type II and type III chromosomes. The presence of rBAT mutated alleles only in type I chromosomes of homozygous (type I/I) and heterozygous (type I/III) patients provides evidence for genetic heterogeneity where rBAT would be responsible only for type I cystinuria and suggests a complementation mechanism to explain the intermediate type I/type III phenotype.

135. Characterization of phenylketonuria alleles in the Italian population

Author

Dianzani, I., Giannattasio, S., Sanctis, L., Alliaudi, C., Paolo LATTANZIO, Dionisi Vici, C., Burlina, A., Burroni, M., Sebastio, G., Carnevale, F., Guzzetta, V., Marra, E., Camaschella, C., and Ponzone, A.

Subjects
congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, nutritional and metabolic diseases
Abstract

In order to identify the molecular basis of phenylketonuria (PKU) in Italy, we screened the entire coding sequence of the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene in 20 Italian PKU patients, whose origins are scattered throughout Italy. The frequency of each identified mutation and of 5 other European mutations was determined within a panel of 92 Italian PKU patients. This approach allowed us to identify 20 different PKU mutations and characterize 64% of the Italian PKU chromosomes. Eleven mutations (IVS10nt546, L48S, R158Q, R261Q, P281L, R261X, R252W, delta T55, IVS7nt1, IVS12nt1, Y414C) represent 55.4% of the Italian PKU alleles, the most common mutations being IVS10nt546 (12.4%) and L48S (9%). All the other mutations are very rare. These data confirm the great heterogeneity expected from previous RFLP haplotype studies. Genotype/phenotype correlation allowed for assessment of the clinical impact of the 20 identified mutations.

137. A series of mutations in the dihydropteridine reductase gene resulting in either abnormal RNA splicing or DHPR protein defects. Mutations in brief no. 244. Online

Author

Peter Smooker, Gough, T. J., Cotton, R. G., Alliaudi, C., Sanctis, L., and Dianzani, I.

Subjects
Alternative Splicing, Phenotype, Dihydropteridine Reductase, lternative Splicing, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Mutation, Mutation, Missense, Humans, Exons, Missense, Exons Humans Introns Mutation, Introns
Abstract

Five novel mutations are described which result in the rare hyperphenylalaninemia DHPR-deficiency. Three of these are located at different intron/exon boundaries within the DHPR gene, and disrupt the maturation of the DHPR transcript such that little full-length mRNA can be detected by RT-PCR. Each mutation alters a conserved nucleotide within the splice site consensus sequence, and results in the skipping of an exon and, in one case, the activation of an inappropriate splicing signal. Two further mutations are missense mutations resulting in a non-conservative amino acid change within the DHPR protein (L14P and G17V) and are associated with a severe phenotype.

138. III Italian Consensus Conference on Malignant Mesothelioma of the Pleura. Epidemiology, Public Health and Occupational Medicine related issues

Author

Magnani, C., Bianchi, C., Chellini, E., Consonni, D., Bice Fubini, Gennaro, V., Marinaccio, A., Menegozzo, M., Mirabelli, D., Merler, E., Merletti, F., Musti, M., Oddone, E., Romanelli, A., Terracini, B., Zona, A., Zocchetti, C., Alessi, M., Baldassarre, A., Dianzani, I., Maule, M., Mensi, C., and Silvestri, S.

Subjects
Mesothelioma, Occupational Diseases, Occupational Medicine, Lung Neoplasms, Italy, Pleural Neoplasms, Mesothelioma, Malignant, Asbestos, Humans, Public Health
Abstract

The III Italian Consensus Conference on Pleural Mesothelioma (MM) convened on January 29th 2015. This report presents the conclusions of the 'Epidemiology, Public Health and Occupational Medicine' section. MM incidence in 2011 in Italy was 3.64 per 100,000 person/years in men and 1.32 in women. Incidence trends are starting to level off. Ten percent of cases are due to non-occupational exposure. Incidence among women is very high in Italy, because of both non-occupational and occupational exposure. The removal of asbestos in place is proceeding slowly, with remaining exposure. Recent literature confirms the causal role of chrysotile. Fibrous fluoro-edenite was classified as carcinogenic by IARC (Group 1) on the basis of MM data. A specific type (MWCNT-7) of Carbon Nanotubes was classified 2B. For pleural MM, after about 45 years since first exposure, the incidence trend slowed down; with more studies needed. Cumulative exposure is a proxy of the relevant exposure, but does not allow to distinguish if duration or intensity may possibly play a prominent role, neither to evaluate the temporal sequence of exposures. Studies showed that duration and intensity are independent determinants of MM. Blood related MM are less than 2.5%. The role of BAP1 germline mutations is limited to the BAP1 cancer syndrome, but negligible for sporadic cases. Correct MM diagnosis is baseline; guidelines agree on the importance of the tumor gross appearance and of the hematoxylin-eosin-based histology. Immunohistochemical markers contribute to diagnostic confirmation: the selection depends on morphology, location, and differential diagnosis. The WG suggested that 1) General Cancer Registries and ReNaM Regional Operational Centres (COR) interact and systematically compare MM cases; 2) ReNaM should report results presenting the diagnostic certainty codes and the diagnostic basis, separately; 3) General Cancer Registries and COR should interact with pathologists to assure the up-to-date methodology; 4) Necroscopy should be practiced for validation. Expert referral centres could contribute to the definition of uncertain cases. Health surveillance should aim to all asbestos effects. No diagnostic test is recommended for MM screening. Health surveillance should provide information on risks, medical perspective, and smoking cessation. The economic burden associated to MM was estimated in 250,000 Euro per case.

144. Fibroblasts from patients with Diamond-Blackfan anaemia show abnormal expression of genes involved in protein synthesis, amino acid metabolism and cancer

Author

Ramenghi Ugo, Campagnoli Maria, Castagnoli Carlotta, Armiraglio Marta, Garelli Emanuela, Crescenzio Nicoletta, Krmac Helena, Roncaglia Paola, Avondo Federica, Gustincich Stefano, Santoro Claudio, and Dianzani Irma

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background Diamond-Blackfan anaemia (DBA) is a rare inherited red cell hypoplasia characterised by a defect in the maturation of erythroid progenitors and in some cases associated with malformations. Patients have an increased risk of solid tumors. Mutations have been found in several ribosomal protein (RP) genes, i.e RPS19, RPS24, RPS17, RPL5, RPL11, RPL35A. Studies in haematopoietic progenitors from patients show that haplo-insufficiency of an RP impairs rRNA processing and ribosome biogenesis. DBA lymphocytes show reduced protein synthesis and fibroblasts display abnormal rRNA processing and impaired proliferation. Results To evaluate the involvement of non-haematopoietic tissues in DBA, we have analysed global gene expression in fibroblasts from DBA patients compared to healthy controls. Microarray expression profiling using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133A 2.0 Arrays revealed that 421 genes are differentially expressed in DBA patient fibroblasts. These genes include a large cluster of ribosomal proteins and factors involved in protein synthesis and amino acid metabolism, as well as genes associated to cell death, cancer and tissue development. Conclusion This analysis reports for the first time an abnormal gene expression profile in a non-haematopoietic cell type in DBA. These data support the hypothesis that DBA may be due to a defect in general or specific protein synthesis.

Published
2009
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145. Primer sets for cloning the human repertoire of T cell Receptor Variable regions

Author

Santoro Claudio, Dianzani Irma, Cotella Diego, Boria Ilenia, and Sblattero Daniele

Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Abstract Background Amplification and cloning of naïve T cell Receptor (TR) repertoires or antigen-specific TR is crucial to shape immune response and to develop immuno-based therapies. TR variable (V) regions are encoded by several genes that recombine during T cell development. The cloning of expressed genes as large diverse libraries from natural sources relies upon the availability of primers able to amplify as many V genes as possible. Results Here, we present a list of primers computationally designed on all functional TR V and J genes listed in the IMGT®, the ImMunoGeneTics information system®. The list consists of unambiguous or degenerate primers suitable to theoretically amplify and clone the entire TR repertoire. We show that it is possible to selectively amplify and clone expressed TR V genes in one single RT-PCR step and from as little as 1000 cells. Conclusion This new primer set will facilitate the creation of more diverse TR libraries than has been possible using currently available primer sets.

Published
2008
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146. The European Hematology Association Roadmap for European Hematology Research: a consensus document

Author

Engert, Andreas, Balduini, Carlo, Brand, Anneke, Coiffier, Bertrand, Cordonnier, Catherine, Doehner, Hartmut, de Wit, Thom Duyvene, Eichinger, Sabine, Fibbe, Willem, Green, Tony, de Haas, Fleur, Iolascon, Achille, Jaffredo, Thierry, Rodeghiero, Francesco, Salles, Gilles, Schuringa, Jan Jacob, Andre, Marc, Andre-Schmutz, Isabelle, Bacigalupo, Andrea, Bochud, Pierre-Yves, den Boer, Monique, Bonini, Chiara, Camaschella, Clara, Cant, Andrew, Cappellini, Maria Domenica, Cazzola, Mario, Lo Celso, Cristina, Dimopoulos, Meletios, Douay, Luc, Dzierzak, Elaine, Einsele, Hermann, Ferreri, Andres, De Franceschi, Lucia, Gaulard, Philippe, Gottgens, Berthold, Greinacher, Andreas, Gresele, Paolo, Gribben, John, de Haan, Gerald, Hansen, John-Bjarne, Hochhaus, Andreas, Kadir, Rezan, Kaveri, Srini, Kouskoff, Valerie, Kuehne, Thomas, Kyrle, Paul, Ljungman, Per, Maschmeyer, Georg, Mendez-Ferrer, Simon, Milsom, Michael, Mummery, Christine, Ossenkoppele, Gert, Pecci, Alessandro, Peyvandi, Flora, Philipsen, Sjaak, Reitsma, Pieter, Maria Ribera, Jose, Risitano, Antonio, Rivella, Stefano, Ruf, Wolfram, Schroeder, Timm, Scully, Marie, Socie, Gerard, Staal, Frank, Stanworth, Simon, Stauder, Reinhard, Stilgenbauer, Stephan, Tamary, Hannah, Theilgaard-Monch, Kim, Thein, Swee Lay, Tilly, Herve, Trneny, Marek, Vainchenker, William, Vannucchi, Alessandro Maria, Viscoli, Claudio, Vrielink, Hans, Zaaijer, Hans, Zanella, Alberto, Zolla, Lello, Zwaginga, Jaap Jan, Martinez, Patricia Aguilar, van den Akker, Emile, Allard, Shubha, Anagnou, Nicholas, Andolfo, Immacolata, Andrau, Jean-Christophe, Angelucci, Emanuele, Anstee, David, Aurer, Igor, Avet-Loiseau, Herve, Aydinok, Yesim, Bakchoul, Tamam, Balduini, Alessandra, Barcellini, Wilma, Baruch, Dominique, Baruchel, Andre, Bayry, Jagadeesh, Bento, Celeste, van den Berg, Anke, Bernardi, Rosa, Bianchi, Paola, Bigas, Anna, Biondi, Andrea, Bohonek, Milos, Bonnet, Dominique, Borchmann, Peter, Borregaard, Niels, Braekkan, Sigrid, van den Brink, Marcel, Brodin, Ellen, Bullinger, Lars, Buske, Christian, Butzeck, Barbara, Cammenga, Jorg, Campo, Elias, Carbone, Antonino, Cervantes, Francisco, Cesaro, Simone, Charbord, Pierre, Claas, Frans, Cohen, Hannah, Conard, Jacqueline, Coppo, Paul, Vives Corrons, Joan-Lluis, da Costa, Lydie, Davi, Frederic, Delwel, Ruud, Dianzani, Irma, Domanovic, Dragoslav, Donnelly, Peter, Drnovsek, Tadeja Dovc, Dreyling, Martin, Du, Ming-Qing, Dufour, Carlo, Durand, Charles, Efremov, Dimitar, Eleftheriou, Androulla, Elion, Jacques, Emonts, Marieke, Engelhardt, Monika, Ezine, Sophie, Falkenburg, Fred, Favier, Remi, Federico, Massimo, Fenaux, Pierre, Fitzgibbon, Jude, Flygare, Johan, Foa, Robin, Forrester, Lesley, Galacteros, Frederic, Garagiola, Isabella, Gardiner, Chris, Garraud, Olivier, van Geet, Christel, Geiger, Hartmut, Geissler, Jan, Germing, Ulrich, Ghevaert, Cedric, Girelli, Domenico, Godeau, Bertrand, Goekbuget, Nicola, Goldschmidt, Hartmut, Goodeve, Anne, Graf, Thomas, Graziadei, Giovanna, Griesshammer, Martin, Gruel, Yves, Guilhot, Francois, von Gunten, Stephan, Gyssens, Inge, Halter, Jorg, Harrison, Claire, Harteveld, Cornelis, Hellstrom-Lindberg, Eva, Hermine, Olivier, Higgs, Douglas, Hillmen, Peter, Hirsch, Hans, Hoskin, Peter, Huls, Gerwin, Inati, Adlette, Johnson, Peter, Kattamis, Antonis, Kiefel, Volker, Kleanthous, Marina, Klump, Hannes, Krause, Daniela, Hovinga, Johanna Kremer, Lacaud, Georges, Lacroix-Desmazes, Sebastien, Landman-Parker, Judith, LeGouill, Steven, Lenz, Georg, von Lilienfeld-Toal, Marie, von Lindern, Marieke, Lopez-Guillermo, Armando, Lopriore, Enrico, Lozano, Miguel, MacIntyre, Elizabeth, Makris, Michael, Mannhalter, Christine, Martens, Joost, Mathas, Stephan, Matzdorff, Axel, Medvinsky, Alexander, Menendez, Pablo, Migliaccio, Anna Rita, Miharada, Kenichi, Mikulska, Malgorzata, Minard, Veronique, Montalban, Carlos, de Montalembert, Mariane, Montserrat, Emili, Morange, Pierre-Emmanuel, Mountford, Joanne, Muckenthaler, Martina, Mueller-Tidow, Carsten, Mumford, Andrew, Nadel, Bertrand, Navarro, Jose-Tomas, el Nemer, Wassim, Noizat-Pirenne, France, O'Mahony, Brian, Oldenburg, Johannes, Olsson, Martin, Oostendorp, Robert, Palumbo, Antonio, Passamonti, Francesco, Patient, Roger, de Latour, Regis Peffault, Pflumio, Francoise, Pierelli, Luca, Piga, Antonio, Pollard, Debra, Raaijmakers, Marc, Radford, John, Rambach, Ralf, Rao, A. Koneti, Raslova, Hana, Rebulla, Paolo, Rees, David, Ribrag, Vincent, Rijneveld, Anita, Rinalducci, Sara, Robak, Tadeusz, Roberts, Irene, Rodrigues, Charlene, Rosendaal, Frits, Rosenwald, Andreas, Rule, Simon, Russo, Roberta, Saglio, Guiseppe, Sanchez, Mayka, Scharf, Ruediger E., Schlenke, Peter, Semple, John, Sierra, Jorge, So-Osman, Cynthia, Manuel Soria, Jose, Stamatopoulos, Kostas, Stegmayr, Bernd, Stunnenberg, Henk, Swinkels, Dorine, Taborda Barata, Joao Pedro, Taghon, Tom, Taher, Ali, Terpos, Evangelos, Thachil, Jecko, Tissot, Jean Daniel, Touw, Ivo, Toye, Ash, Trappe, Ralf, Traverse-Glehen, Alexandra, Unal, Sule, Vaulont, Sophie, Viprakasit, Vip, Vitolo, Umberto, van Wijk, Richard, Wojtowicz, Agnieszka, Zeerleder, Sacha, Zieger, Barbara, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (LBD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d’Hématologie [Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud - HCL], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Department of Internal Medicine I, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Service d'Hématologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Ege Üniversitesi, Engert, Andrea, Balduini, Carlo, Brand, Anneke, Coiffier, Bertrand, Cordonnier, Catherine, Döhner, Hartmut, De Wit, Thom Duyvené, Eichinger, Sabine, Fibbe, Willem, Green, Tony, De Haas, Fleur, Iolascon, Achille, Jaffredo, Thierry, Rodeghiero, Francesco, Sall Es, Gille, Schuringa, Jan Jacob, André, Marc, Andre Schmutz, Isabelle, Bacigalupo, Andrea, Bochud, Pierre Yve, Den Boer, Monique, Bonini, Chiara, Camaschella, Clara, Cant, Andrew, Cappellini, Maria Domenica, Cazzola, Mario, Celso, Cristina Lo, Dimopoulos, Meletio, Douay, Luc, Dzierzak, Elaine, Einsele, Hermann, Ferreri, André, De Franceschi, Lucia, Gaulard, Philippe, Gottgens, Berthold, Greinacher, Andrea, Gresele, Paolo, Gribben, John, De Haan, Gerald, Hansen, John Bjarne, Hochhaus, Andrea, Kadir, Rezan, Kaveri, Srini, Kouskoff, Valerie, Kühne, Thoma, Kyrle, Paul, Ljungman, Per, Maschmeyer, Georg, Méndez Ferrer, Simón, Milsom, Michael, Mummery, Christine, Ossenkoppele, Gert, Pecci, Alessandro, Peyvandi, Flora, Philipsen, Sjaak, Reitsma, Pieter, Ribera, José Maria, Risitano, ANTONIO MARIA, Rivella, Stefano, Ruf, Wolfram, Schroeder, Timm, Scully, Marie, Socie, Gerard, Staal, Frank, Stanworth, Simon, Stauder, Reinhard, Stilgenbauer, Stephan, Tamary, Hannah, Theilgaard Mönch, Kim, Thein, Swee Lay, Tilly, Hervé, Trneny, Marek, Vainchenker, William, Vannucchi, Alessandro Maria, Viscoli, Claudio, Vrielink, Han, Zaaijer, Han, Zanella, Alberto, Zolla, Lello, Zwaginga, Jaap Jan, Martinez, Patricia Aguilar, Van Den Akker, Emile, Allard, Shubha, Anagnou, Nichola, Andolfo, Immacolata, Andrau, Jean Christophe, Angelucci, Emanuele, Anstee, David, Aurer, Igor, Avet Loiseau, Hervé, Aydinok, Yesim, Bakchoul, Tamam, Balduini, Alessandra, Barcellini, Wilma, Baruch, Dominique, Baruchel, André, Bayry, Jagadeesh, Bento, Celeste, Van Den Berg, Anke, Bernardi, Rosa, Bianchi, Paola, Bigas, Anna, Biondi, Andrea, Bohonek, Milo, Bonnet, Dominique, Borchmann, Peter, Borregaard, Niel, Brækkan, Sigrid, Van Den Brink, Marcel, Brodin, Ellen, Bullinger, Lar, Buske, Christian, Butzeck, Barbara, Cammenga, Jörg, Campo, Elia, Carbone, Antonino, Cervantes, Francisco, Cesaro, Simone, Charbord, Pierre, Claas, Fran, Cohen, Hannah, Conard, Jacqueline, Coppo, Paul, Vives Corron, Joan Llui, Da Costa, Lydie, Davi, Frederic, Delwel, Ruud, Dianzani, Irma, Domanović, Dragoslav, Donnelly, Peter, Drnovšek, Tadeja Dovč, Dreyling, Martin, Du, Ming Qing, Dufour, Carlo, Durand, Charle, Efremov, Dimitar, Eleftheriou, Androulla, Elion, Jacque, Emonts, Marieke, Engelhardt, Monika, Ezine, Sophie, Falkenburg, Fred, Favier, Remi, Federico, Massimo, Fenaux, Pierre, Fitzgibbon, Jude, Flygare, Johan, Foà, Robin, Forrester, Lesley, Galacteros, Frederic, Garagiola, Isabella, Gardiner, Chri, Garraud, Olivier, Van Geet, Christel, Geiger, Hartmut, Geissler, Jan, Germing, Ulrich, Ghevaert, Cedric, Girelli, Domenico, Godeau, Bertrand, Gökbuget, Nicola, Goldschmidt, Hartmut, Goodeve, Anne, Graf, Thoma, Graziadei, Giovanna, Griesshammer, Martin, Gruel, Yve, Guilhot, Francoi, Von Gunten, Stephan, Gyssens, Inge, Halter, Jörg, Harrison, Claire, Harteveld, Corneli, Hellström Lindberg, Eva, Hermine, Olivier, Higgs, Dougla, Hillmen, Peter, Hirsch, Han, Hoskin, Peter, Huls, Gerwin, Inati, Adlette, Johnson, Peter, Kattamis, Antoni, Kiefel, Volker, Kleanthous, Marina, Klump, Hanne, Krause, Daniela, Hovinga, Johanna Kremer, Lacaud, George, Lacroix Desmazes, Sébastien, Landman Parker, Judith, Legouill, Steven, Lenz, Georg, Von Lilienfeld Toal, Marie, Von Lindern, Marieke, Lopez Guillermo, Armando, Lopriore, Enrico, Lozano, Miguel, Macintyre, Elizabeth, Makris, Michael, Mannhalter, Christine, Martens, Joost, Mathas, Stephan, Matzdorff, Axel, Medvinsky, Alexander, Menendez, Pablo, Migliaccio, Anna Rita, Miharada, Kenichi, Mikulska, Malgorzata, Minard, Véronique, Montalbán, Carlo, De Montalembert, Mariane, Montserrat, Emili, Morange, Pierre Emmanuel, Mountford, Joanne, Muckenthaler, Martina, Müller Tidow, Carsten, Mumford, Andrew, Nadel, Bertrand, Navarro, Jose Toma, El Nemer, Wassim, Noizat Pirenne, France, O’Mahony, Brian, Oldenburg, Johanne, Olsson, Martin, Oostendorp, Robert, Palumbo, Antonio, Passamonti, Francesco, Patient, Roger, De Latour, Regis Peffault, Pflumio, Francoise, Pierelli, Luca, Piga, Antonio, Pollard, Debra, Raaijmakers, Marc, Radford, John, Rambach, Ralf, Koneti Rao, A., Raslova, Hana, Rebulla, Paolo, Rees, David, Ribrag, Vincent, Rijneveld, Anita, Rinalducci, Sara, Robak, Tadeusz, Roberts, Irene, Rodrigues, Charlene, Rosendaal, Frit, Rosenwald, Andrea, Rule, Simon, Russo, Roberta, Saglio, Guiseppe, Sanchez, Mayka, Scharf, Rüdiger E., Schlenke, Peter, Semple, John, Sierra, Jorge, So Osman, Cynthia, Soria, José Manuel, Stamatopoulos, Kosta, Stegmayr, Bernd, Stunnenberg, Henk, Swinkels, Dorine, Barata, João Pedro Taborda, Taghon, Tom, Taher, Ali, Terpos, Evangelo, Thachil, Jecko, Tissot, Jean Daniel, Touw, Ivo, Toye, Ash, Trappe, Ralf, Traverse Glehen, Alexandra, Unal, Sule, Vaulont, Sophie, Viprakasit, Vip, Vitolo, Umberto, Van Wijk, Richard, Wójtowicz, Agnieszka, Zeerleder, Sacha, Zieger, Barbara, Hematology, Service d'hématologie clinique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), University of York [York, UK], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pediatrics, Cell biology, Erasmus MC other, Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Oncology, Other departments, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Haematology, Engert, A, Balduini, C, Brand, A, Coiffier, B, Cordonnier, C, Döhner, H, De, Wit, Td, Eichinger, S, Fibbe, W, Green, T, de Haas, F, Iolascon, A, Jaffredo, T, Rodeghiero, F, Salles, G, Schuringa, Jj, and the other authors of the EHA Roadmap for European Hematology, Research, Cancer Research UK, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), De Wit, T, De Haas, F, Sall Es, G, Schuringa, J, André, M, Andre Schmutz, I, Bacigalupo, A, Bochud, P, Den Boer, M, Bonini, C, Camaschella, C, Cant, A, Cappellini, M, Cazzola, M, Celso, C, Dimopoulos, M, Douay, L, Dzierzak, E, Einsele, H, Ferreri, A, De Franceschi, L, Gaulard, P, Gottgens, B, Greinacher, A, Gresele, P, Gribben, J, De Haan, G, Hansen, J, Hochhaus, A, Kadir, R, Kaveri, S, Kouskoff, V, Kühne, T, Kyrle, P, Ljungman, P, Maschmeyer, G, Méndez Ferrer, S, Milsom, M, Mummery, C, Ossenkoppele, G, Pecci, A, Peyvandi, F, Philipsen, S, Reitsma, P, Ribera, J, Risitano, A, Rivella, S, Ruf, W, Schroeder, T, Scully, M, Socie, G, Staal, F, Stanworth, S, Stauder, R, Stilgenbauer, S, Tamary, H, Theilgaard Mönch, K, Thein, S, Tilly, H, Trneny, M, Vainchenker, W, Vannucchi, A, Viscoli, C, Vrielink, H, Zaaijer, H, Zanella, A, Zolla, L, Zwaginga, J, Martinez, P, Van Den Akker, E, Allard, S, Anagnou, N, Andolfo, I, Andrau, J, Angelucci, E, Anstee, D, Aurer, I, Avet Loiseau, H, Aydinok, Y, Bakchoul, T, Balduini, A, Barcellini, W, Baruch, D, Baruchel, A, Bayry, J, Bento, C, Van Den Berg, A, Bernardi, R, Bianchi, P, Bigas, A, Biondi, A, Bohonek, M, Bonnet, D, Borchmann, P, Borregaard, N, Brækkan, S, Van Den Brink, M, Brodin, E, Bullinger, L, Buske, C, Butzeck, B, Cammenga, J, Campo, E, Carbone, A, Cervantes, F, Cesaro, S, Charbord, P, Claas, F, Cohen, H, Conard, J, Coppo, P, Vives Corron, J, Da Costa, L, Davi, F, Delwel, R, Dianzani, I, Domanović, D, Donnelly, P, Drnovšek, T, Dreyling, M, Du, M, Dufour, C, Durand, C, Efremov, D, Eleftheriou, A, Elion, J, Emonts, M, Engelhardt, M, Ezine, S, Falkenburg, F, Favier, R, Federico, M, Fenaux, P, Fitzgibbon, J, Flygare, J, Foà, R, Forrester, L, Galacteros, F, Garagiola, I, Gardiner, C, Garraud, O, Van Geet, C, Geiger, H, Geissler, J, Germing, U, Ghevaert, C, Girelli, D, Godeau, B, Gökbuget, N, Goldschmidt, H, Goodeve, A, Graf, T, Graziadei, G, Griesshammer, M, Gruel, Y, Guilhot, F, Von Gunten, S, Gyssens, I, Halter, J, Harrison, C, Harteveld, C, Hellström Lindberg, E, Hermine, O, Higgs, D, Hillmen, P, Hirsch, H, Hoskin, P, Huls, G, Inati, A, Johnson, P, Kattamis, A, Kiefel, V, Kleanthous, M, Klump, H, Krause, D, Hovinga, J, Lacaud, G, Lacroix Desmazes, S, Landman Parker, J, Legouill, S, Lenz, G, Von Lilienfeld Toal, M, Von Lindern, M, Lopez Guillermo, A, Lopriore, E, Lozano, M, Macintyre, E, Makris, M, Mannhalter, C, Martens, J, Mathas, S, Matzdorff, A, Medvinsky, A, Menendez, P, Migliaccio, A, Miharada, K, Mikulska, M, Minard, V, Montalbán, C, De Montalembert, M, Montserrat, E, Morange, P, Mountford, J, Muckenthaler, M, Müller Tidow, C, Mumford, A, Nadel, B, Navarro, J, El Nemer, W, Noizat Pirenne, F, O’Mahony, B, Oldenburg, J, Olsson, M, Oostendorp, R, Palumbo, A, Passamonti, F, Patient, R, De Latour, R, Pflumio, F, Pierelli, L, Piga, A, Pollard, D, Raaijmakers, M, Radford, J, Rambach, R, Koneti Rao, A, Raslova, H, Rebulla, P, Rees, D, Ribrag, V, Rijneveld, A, Rinalducci, S, Robak, T, Roberts, I, Rodrigues, C, Rosendaal, F, Rosenwald, A, Rule, S, Russo, R, Saglio, G, Sanchez, M, Scharf, R, Schlenke, P, Semple, J, Sierra, J, So Osman, C, Soria, J, Stamatopoulos, K, Stegmayr, B, Stunnenberg, H, Swinkels, D, Barata, J, Taghon, T, Taher, A, Terpos, E, Thachil, J, Tissot, J, Touw, I, Toye, A, Trappe, R, Traverse Glehen, A, Unal, S, Vaulont, S, Viprakasit, V, Vitolo, U, Van Wijk, R, Wójtowicz, A, Zeerleder, S, Zieger, B, Andreas Engert, Carlo Balduini, Anneke Brand, Bertrand Coiffier, Catherine Cordonnier, Hartmut Döhner, Thom Duyvené de Wit, Sabine Eichinger, Willem Fibbe, Tony Green, Fleur de Haas, Achille Iolascon, Thierry Jaffredo, Francesco Rodeghiero, Gilles Salles, Jan Jacob Schuringa, the other authors of the EHA Roadmap for European Hematology Research, Anna Rita Migliaccio, EHA Roadmap for European Hematology, Research, Engert, A., Balduini, C., Brand, A., Coiffier, B., Cordonnier, C., Döhner, H., de Wit TD., Eichinger, S., Fibbe, W., Green, T., de Haas, F., Iolascon, A., Jaffredo, T., Rodeghiero, F., Salles, G., Schuringa, JJ., André, M., Andre-Schmutz, I., Bacigalupo, A., Bochud, PY., Boer, Md., Bonini, C., Camaschella, C., Cant, A., Cappellini, MD., Cazzola, M., Celso, CL., Dimopoulos, M., Douay, L., Dzierzak, E., Einsele, H., Ferreri, A., De Franceschi, L., Gaulard, P., Gottgens, B., Greinacher, A., Gresele, P., Gribben, J., de Haan, G., Hansen, JB., Hochhaus, A., Kadir, R., Kaveri, S., Kouskoff, V., Kühne, T., Kyrle, P., Ljungman, P., Maschmeyer, G., Méndez-Ferrer£££Simón£££ S., Milsom, M., Mummery, C., Ossenkoppele, G., Pecci, A., Peyvandi, F., Philipsen, S., Reitsma, P., Ribera, JM., Risitano, A., Rivella, S., Ruf, W., Schroeder, T., Scully, M., Socie, G., Staal, F., Stanworth, S., Stauder, R., Stilgenbauer, S., Tamary, H., Theilgaard-Mönch, K., Thein, SL., Tilly, H., Trneny, M., Vainchenker, W., Vannucchi, AM., Viscoli, C., Vrielink, H., Zaaijer, H., Zanella, A., Zolla, L., Zwaginga, JJ., Martinez, PA., van den Akker, E., Allard, S., Anagnou, N., Andolfo, I., Andrau, JC., Angelucci, E., Anstee, D., Aurer, I., Avet-Loiseau, H., Aydinok, Y., Bakchoul, T., Balduini, A., Barcellini, W., Baruch, D., Baruchel, A., Bayry, J., Bento, C., van den Berg, A., Bernardi, R., Bianchi, P., Bigas, A., Biondi, A., Bohonek, M., Bonnet, D., Borchmann, P., Borregaard, N., Brækkan, S., van den Brink, M., Brodin, E., Bullinger, L., Buske, C., Butzeck, B., Cammenga, J., Campo, E., Carbone, A., Cervantes, F., Cesaro, S., Charbord, P., Claas, F., Cohen, H., Conard, J., Coppo, P., Corrons, JL., Costa, Ld., Davi, F., Delwel, R., Dianzani, I., Domanović, D., Donnelly, P., Drnov?ek£££Tadeja Dovč£££ TD., Dreyling, M., Du, MQ., Dufour, C., Durand, C., Efremov, D., Eleftheriou, A., Elion, J., Emonts, M., Engelhardt, M., Ezine, S., Falkenburg, F., Favier, R., Federico, M., Fenaux, P., Fitzgibbon, J., Flygare, J., Foà, R., Forrester, L., Galacteros, F., Garagiola, I., Gardiner, C., Garraud, O., van Geet, C., Geiger, H., Geissler, J., Germing, U., Ghevaert, C., Girelli, D., Godeau, B., Gökbuget, N., Goldschmidt, H., Goodeve, A., Graf, T., Graziadei, G., Griesshammer, M., Gruel, Y., Guilhot, F., von Gunten, S., Gyssens, I., Halter, J., Harrison, C., Harteveld, C., Hellström-Lindberg, E., Hermine, O., Higgs, D., Hillmen, P., Hirsch, H., Hoskin, P., Huls, G., Inati, A., Johnson, P., Kattamis, A., Kiefel, V., Kleanthous, M., Klump, H., Krause, D., Hovinga, JK., Lacaud, G., Lacroix-Desmazes, S., Landman-Parker, J., LeGouill, S., Lenz, G., von Lilienfeld-Toal, M., von Lindern, M., Lopez-Guillermo, A., Lopriore, E., Lozano, M., MacIntyre, E., Makris, M., Mannhalter, C., Martens, J., Mathas, S., Matzdorff, A., Medvinsky, A., Menendez, P., Migliaccio, AR., Miharada, K., Mikulska, M., Minard, V., Montalbán, C., de Montalembert, M., Montserrat, E., Morange, PE., Mountford, J., Muckenthaler, M., Müller-Tidow, C., Mumford, A., Nadel, B., Navarro, JT., Nemer, We., Noizat-Pirenne, F., O'Mahony, B., Oldenburg, J., Olsson, M., Oostendorp, R., Palumbo, A., Passamonti, F., Patient, R., Peffault, R., Pflumio, F., Pierelli, L., Piga, A., Pollard, D., Raaijmakers, M., Radford, J., Rambach, R., Rao, AK., Raslova, H., Rebulla, P., Rees, D., Ribrag, V., Rijneveld, A., Rinalducci, S., Robak, T., Roberts, I., Rodrigues, C., Rosendaal, F., Rosenwald, A., Rule, S., Russo, R., Saglio, G., Sanchez, M., Scharf, RE., Schlenke, P., Semple, J., Sierra, J., So-Osman, C., Soria, JM., Stamatopoulos, K., Stegmayr, B., Stunnenberg, H., Swinkels, D., Barata£££João Pedro Taborda£££ JP., Taghon, T., Taher, A., Terpos, E., Thachil, J., Tissot, JD., Touw, I., Toye, A., Trappe, R., Traverse-Glehen, A., Unal, S., Vaulont, S., Viprakasit, V., Vitolo, U., van Wijk, R., Wójtowicz, A., Zeerleder, S., Zieger, B., Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), and Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, diagnosis, Health Services for the Aged, ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA, Medizin, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, EHA Roadmap for European Hematology Research, Antineoplastic Agent, 0302 clinical medicine, European Hematology Association Roadmap, Germany, PERIPHERAL T-CELL, Medicine and Health Sciences, Hematopoiesi, genetics, Molecular Targeted Therapy, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Hematology, Genome, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Anemia, Awareness, Supply & distribution, Combined Modality Therapy, 3. Good health, Europe, THROMBOPOIETIN-RECEPTOR AGONISTS, Blood Disorder, Italy, Austria, haematology, Medicine, France, Immunotherapy, Infection, [SDV.IMM.ALL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists, Consensus, Patients, Immunology, Antineoplastic Agents, Blood Coagulation, Gene Expression Profiling, Genetic Therapy, Genome, Human, Hematologic Diseases, Hematopoiesis, Humans, Consensu, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA, 1102 Cardiovascular Medicine And Haematology, Genetic therapy, methods, 03 medical and health sciences, blood, Internal medicine, medicine, Hematologi, THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA, [SDV.IMM.II] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA, therapy, business.industry, CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA, supply & distribution, STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION, economics, Hematologic Disease, Opinion Article, Transplantation, 030104 developmental biology, Family medicine, therapeutic use, drug effects, RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL, HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME, pathology, business, chemical synthesis, 030215 immunology, Stem Cell Transplantation, transplantation
Abstract

WOS: 000379156300012, PubMed ID: 26819058, The European Hematology Association (EHA) Roadmap for European Hematology Research highlights major achievements in diagnosis and treatment of blood disorders and identifies the greatest unmet clinical and scientific needs in those areas to enable better funded, more focused European hematology research. Initiated by the EHA, around 300 experts contributed to the consensus document, which will help European policy makers, research funders, research organizations, researchers, and patient groups make better informed decisions on hematology research. It also aims to raise public awareness of the burden of blood disorders on European society, which purely in economic terms is estimated at (sic)23 billion per year, a level of cost that is not matched in current European hematology research funding. In recent decades, hematology research has improved our fundamental understanding of the biology of blood disorders, and has improved diagnostics and treatments, sometimes in revolutionary ways. This progress highlights the potential of focused basic research programs such as this EHA Roadmap. The EHA Roadmap identifies nine 'sections' in hematology: normal hematopoiesis, malignant lymphoid and myeloid diseases, anemias and related diseases, platelet disorders, blood coagulation and hemostatic disorders, transfusion medicine, infections in hematology, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These sections span 60 smaller groups of diseases or disorders. The EHA Roadmap identifies priorities and needs across the field of hematology, including those to develop targeted therapies based on genomic profiling and chemical biology, to eradicate minimal residual malignant disease, and to develop cellular immunotherapies, combination treatments, gene therapies, hematopoietic stem cell treatments, and treatments that are better tolerated by elderly patients., Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) [BB/L023776/1, BB/I00050X/1, BB/K021168/1]; Cancer Research UKCancer Research UK [11831]; Medical Research CouncilMedical Research Council UK (MRC) [G1000801a]; Novo Nordisk FondenNovo Nordisk [NNF12OC1015986]; British Heart FoundationBritish Heart Foundation [FS/09/039/27788]; Cancer Research UKCancer Research UK [12765]; Medical Research CouncilMedical Research Council UK (MRC) [MR/L022982/1, MC_UU_12009/8, MC_U137981013, MC_PC_12009]

Published
2016
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147. Clustering of distinct autoimmune diseases associated with functional abnormalities of T cell Survival in children

Author

Irma Dianzani, Umberto Dianzani, Ugo Ramenghi, Alfredo Brusco, Maria Alessio, Claudio Pignata, D DiFranco, Eliana Matrecano, Sara Bonissoni, A. Franzese, Pignata, C, Alessio, M, Ramenghi, U, Bonissoni, S, Difranco, D, Brusco, A, Matrecano, E, Franzese, Adriana, Dianzani, I, Dianzani, U., Pignata, Claudio, Alessio, Maria, Ramenghi, U., Bonissoni, S., Difranco, D., Brusco, A., Matrecano, E., Franzese, A., and Dianzani, I.

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, Cell Survival, T-Lymphocytes, Lymphocyte, T cell, Immunology, Apoptosis, Autoimmunity, Fas ligand, Autoimmune Diseases, Immunophenotyping, Pathogenesis, polyreactive autoimmune diseases, Immune system, Sphingosine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, fas Receptor, Cells, Cultured, cell apoptosis, Fas, Autoimmune disease, business.industry, medicine.disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, medicine.anatomical_structure, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Female, business, Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract

SUMMARYTo ascertain whether alterations of lymphocyte switching off may be associated with clustering of autoimmune diseases in children, Fas- and C2-ceramide-induced cell death was evaluated on T cell lines derived from three patients affected by clustering of autoimmune disorders. Three patterns were found: patient 3 was resistant to Fas- and C2-ceramide, patient 1 was resistant to Fas, but sensitive to C2-ceramide, patient 2 was resistant to C2-ceramide, but sensitive to Fas. By contrast, Fas- and C2-ceramide-induced cell death was normal in five children with systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, five children with insulin-dependent diabetes and 10 age-matched healthy controls. Surface expression of Fas was low in patient 1, but normal in patients 2 and 3. Together with normal Fas transcripts, patients 2 and 3 displayed a transcript 152 bp longer than the normal one retaining intron 5. Our data indicate that polyreactive autoimmune syndromes may be associated with heterogeneous alteration of the immune response switching-off system.

Published
2000

148. Inherited perforin and Fas mutations in a patient with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome and lymphoma.

Author

Clementi R, Dagna L, Dianzani U, Dupré L, Dianzani I, Ponzoni M, Cometa A, Chiocchetti A, Sabbadini MG, Rugarli C, Ciceri F, Maccario R, Locatelli F, Danesino C, Ferrarini M, Bregni M, Clementi, Rita, Dagna, Lorenzo, Dianzani, Umberto, and Dupré, Loïc

Abstract

A 27-year-old man with the autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome and a large-B-cell lymphoma had heterozygous mutations in the Fas and perforin (Prf1) genes. The Fas mutation was inherited from his healthy father and was also carried by his healthy brother, whereas the Prf1 mutation was inherited from his healthy mother. The combined effect of the two mutant genes may have contributed to the development of the autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome and lymphoma in this patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004

149. Defective function of Fas in T cells from paediatric patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Author

Bona, G., Defranco, S., Chiocchetti, A., Indelicato, M., Biava, A., Difranco, D., Dianzani, I., Ramenghi, U., Corrias, A., Weber, G., de Sanctis, V., Iughetti, L., Radetti, G., and Dianzani, U.

Subjects
*THYROID diseases, *APOPTOSIS, *PATIENTS
Abstract

SUMMARY Triggering of the Fas receptor induces T cell apoptosis and is involved in shutting-off the immune response. Inherited defects impairing Fas function cause the autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, and may play a role in other autoimmune diseases. The aim of this work was to analyse the Fas function in paediatric patients with thyroid autoimmunities. We found that T cells from 24/28 patients with Graves’ disease (GD) and 12/35 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) displayed defective Fas function. In HT, the defect was more frequent in patients requiring replacement therapy (11/20) than in those not requiring (1/15); moreover, in untreated HT the highest defect was displayed by patients with the highest levels of autoantibodies. Fas was always expressed at normal levels and no Fas mutations were detected. Analysis of the healthy parents of seven Fas-resistant patients showed that several of them were Fas-resistant, which suggests a genetic component. Fusion of Fas-resistant T cells with the Fas-sensitive HUT78 T cell line generated Fas-resistant hybrid cells, which suggests the presence of molecules exerting a dominant negative effect on Fas function. Analysis of Fas-induced activation of caspase-8 and -9 showed decreased activity of both caspases in HT, whereas activity of caspase-9 was increased and that of caspase-8 was decreased in GD. These data suggest that heterogeneous inherited defects impairing Fas function favour the development of thyroid autoimmunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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150. Clustering of distinct autoimmune diseases associated with functional abnormalities of T cell survival in children.

Author

Pignata, C., Alessio, M., Ramenghi, U., Bonissoni, S., Difranco, D., Brusco, A., Matrecano, E., Franzese, A., Dianzani, I., and Dianzani, U.

Subjects
*CELL death, *T cells, *AUTOIMMUNE diseases, *PATIENTS
Abstract

Evaluates Fas- and ceramide-induced cell death on T cells from children with clustering of distinct autoimmune diseases. Analysis of the Fas gene; Evaluation of Fas- and ceramide-induced T cell death; Association of the polyreactive autoimmune syndromes with heterogeneous alteration of the immune response switching-off system.

Published
2000
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