146 results on '"Haranaga,Shusaku"'
Search Results
102. Chlamydia pneumoniaeInfection of Alveolar Macrophages: A Model
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Haranaga, Shusaku, primary, Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki, additional, Ikejima, Hideaki, additional, Friedman, Herman, additional, and Yamamoto, Yoshimasa, additional
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- 2003
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103. AChlamydia pneumoniaeinfection model using established human lymphocyte cell lines
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Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki, primary, Haranaga, Shusaku, additional, Friedman, Herman, additional, Moor, Jo A, additional, Muffly, Karl E, additional, and Yamamoto, Yoshimasa, additional
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- 2002
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104. Chlamydia pneumoniaeInfection Induces Differentiation of Monocytes into Macrophages
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Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki, primary, Haranaga, Shusaku, additional, Widen, Ray, additional, Friedman, Herman, additional, and Yamamoto, Yoshimasa, additional
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- 2002
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105. Analysis of Chlamydia pneumoniae Growth in Cells by Reverse Transcription-PCR Targeted to Bacterial Gene Transcripts
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Haranaga, Shusaku, primary, Ikejima, Hideaki, additional, Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki, additional, Friedman, Herman, additional, and Yamamoto, Yoshimasa, additional
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- 2002
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106. Legionella pneumophila Pneumonia Successfully Treated with Intravenous Ciprofloxacin.
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HARANAGA, Shusaku, primary, TOYAMA, Masato, additional, ARAKAKI, Noriko, additional, MIYARA, Takayuki, additional, SHINZATO, Takashi, additional, KOIDE, Michio, additional, HIGA, Futoshi, additional, TATEYAMA, Masao, additional, and SAITO, Atsushi, additional
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- 2002
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107. Two Cases of Mixed Infection of Malaria Diagnosed by PCR Method
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HARANAGA, Shusaku, primary, AKASHI, Manabu, additional, YARA, Satomi, additional, TOHYAMA, Masaki, additional, TOYAMA, Masato, additional, ISHIMINE, Tomohiko, additional, MIYARA, Takayuki, additional, SHINZATO, Takashi, additional, HIGA, Futoshi, additional, TATEYAMA, Masao, additional, SAITO, Atsushi, additional, and TOMA, Hiromu, additional
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- 2002
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108. Chlamydia pneumoniae Infects and Multiplies in Lymphocytes In Vitro
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Haranaga, Shusaku, primary, Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki, additional, Friedman, Herman, additional, Izumi, Shin-ichi, additional, and Yamamoto, Yoshimasa, additional
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- 2001
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109. Detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae antigenin PBMNCs of healthy blood donors
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Haranaga, Shusaku, primary, Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki, additional, Leparc, German F., additional, Friedman, Herman, additional, and Yamamoto, Yoshimasa, additional
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- 2001
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110. PCR-Based Method for Isolation and Detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA in Cerebrospinal Fluids
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Ikejima, Hideaki, primary, Haranaga, Shusaku, additional, Takemura, Hiromu, additional, Kamo, Tsutomu, additional, Takahashi, Youichi, additional, Friedman, Herman, additional, and Yamamoto, Yoshimasa, additional
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- 2001
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111. Case Report : A Case of Pulmonary and Hepatic Cystic Echinococcosis of CE1 Stage in a Healthy Japanese Female that Was Suspected to Have Been Acquired During Her Stay in the United Kingdom.
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Nakamura, Kiwamu, Ito, Akira, Yara, Satomi, Haranaga, Shusaku, Hibiya, Kenji, Hirayasu, Tsuneo, Sako, Yasuhito, and Fujita, Jiro
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- 2011
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112. Pulmonary complications in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 carriers with Sjögren’s syndrome, three case reports and literature review.
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Hui Yu, Higa, Futoshi, Yamadori, Ichiro, Yara, Satomi, Tanimoto, Yasushi, Haranaga, Shusaku, Tateyama, Masao, Fujita, Jiro, Tanimoto, Mitsune, and Huiping Li
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T-cell lymphoma ,RESPIRATORY allergy ,HISTOPATHOLOGY ,ALVEOLAR process ,DISEASES ,HYPERSENSITIVITY pneumonitis - Abstract
In this study, we report three cases diagnosed with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) who developed pulmonary complications. Radiologic and pathologic findings were evaluated. Although the histologic diagnosis was considered to be hypersensitivity pneumonitis in case 1, and discordant usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) in cases 2 and 3, lymphocytic alveolitis was observed in all cases. We also did a literature review and concluded that, although the pathologic diagnosis of pulmonary complications in HTLV-1 carriers with SS may vary, lymphocytic infiltrations are commonly observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2009
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113. A Chlamydia pneumoniae infection model using established human lymphocyte cell lines
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Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki, Haranaga, Shusaku, Friedman, Herman, Moor, Jo A., Muffly, Karl E., and Yamamoto, Yoshimasa
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CHLAMYDOPHILA pneumoniae infections , *LYMPHOCYTES - Abstract
Since current studies indicate possible infection of human lymphocytes with Chlamydia (Chlamydophila) pneumoniae, establishment of an in vitro C. pneumoniae infection model using lymphocyte cell lines was demonstrated. Human lymphoid cell lines (Molt 4 [T-cell] and P3HR1 [B-cell]) were utilized for this purpose besides human monocyte cell line (THP-1) and human epithelial cell line (HEp-2), as a reference of monocyte/macrophage cells and a positive control for support of C. pneumoniae growth, respectively. Both lymphoid cells (Molt 4 and P3HR1) supported the growth of C. pneumoniae as demonstrated by Chlamydia inclusion formation, detection of increased infective progenies and increased bacterial antigen levels. Similar data were obtained using monocyte THP-1 cells. However, the bacterial growth in these cells was less than that in HEp-2 cells. The electron microscopic study showed typical inclusions with many Chlamydia elementary bodies in lymphoid cells tested, similar to that seen in HEp-2 cells. These results indicate that C. pneumoniae can infect cells with lymphocyte properties and this infection model with lymphoid cell line cells could be valuable to study details of lymphocyte–C. pneumoniae interaction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2002
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114. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection induces differentiation of monocytes into macrophages.
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Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki, Haranaga, Shusaku, Widen, Ray, Friedman, Herman, and Yamamoto, Yoshimasa
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Migration and differentiation of monocytes to the intima of blood vessels may be a crucial first step in the development of atherosclerosis associated with Chlamydia (Chlamydophila) pneumoniae. However, the involvement of C. pneumoniae infection in such steps is not clear. In the present study, therefore, the differentiation-inducing activity of C. pneumoniae to monocytes was examined. Human THP-1 monocytic cell line cells were infected with C. pneumoniae, and the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages was assessed by cell morphology, phagocytic activity, and expression of a cell surface adhesion molecule. The monocytic cells infected with viable bacteria markedly differentiated into macrophages associated with diffused cell morphology, increased uptake of polystyrene beads and increased ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1) expression on the cell surfaces. Heat-killed bacteria did not induce any morphological changes or increase of phagocytosis, but they did induce an increase of cell surface ICAM-1 expressions in THP-1 monocytic cells. The antibiotic minocycline treatment of infected cells resulted in marked inhibition of the cell differentiation as well as C. pneumoniae growth in the cells, but not ICAM-1 expression. In addition, the experiments with human peripheral blood monocytes infected with C. pneumoniae also showed the differentiation of macrophages assessed by morphological change and phagocytic activity. These results indicate that C. pneumoniae infection may directly induce the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages. However, antigenic stimulation of monocytes with bacteria may not be sufficient for a full macrophage differentiation.
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- 2002
115. Analysis of Chlamydia pneumoniaeGrowth in Cells by Reverse Transcription-PCR Targeted to Bacterial Gene Transcripts
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Haranaga, Shusaku, Ikejima, Hideaki, Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki, Friedman, Herman, and Yamamoto, Yoshimasa
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ABSTRACTChlamydia pneumoniaeis an obligate intracellular bacterium and has a unique development cycle consisting of an elementary body (EB) and reticular body (RB). EBs survive in extracellular environments as well as infect susceptible host cells. However, EBs display no measurable metabolic activity. In contrast, RBs are metabolically active and can replicate in a host cell but are noninfectious. Therefore, analysis of C. pneumoniaegrowth in infected cells by conventional bacterial culture may not permit sufficient information about growth of the bacteria in cells. In this study, therefore, we examined the usefulness of the reverse transcription (RT)-PCR method for analysis of bacterial transcripts to evaluate C. pneumoniaegrowth in HEp-2 cells because the levels of bacterial gene transcripts are known to show the metabolic activity of bacteria. The transcripts for the C. pneumoniae hsp60gene and 16S rRNA in the cells were easily detected just after infection, followed by a marked increase. In contrast, pykand omcBtranscripts slowly increased after a latent period. The hydrocortisone treatment of C. pneumoniae-infected cells induced an increase of all bacterial transcripts tested compared with the control group. The treatment of the infected cells with the antibiotic minocycline showed a selective inhibition of bacterial gene transcripts, even though the complete inhibition of EB production determined by the bacterial culture assay was evident. These results indicate that the determination of bacterial gene transcripts by RT-PCR might be a powerful method to analyze in detail growth of C. pneumoniaein host cells, particularly altered bacterial growth caused by agents such as antimicrobials.
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- 2002
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116. Chlamydia pneumoniaeInfects and Multiplies in Lymphocytes In Vitro
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Haranaga, Shusaku, Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki, Friedman, Herman, Izumi, Shin-ichi, and Yamamoto, Yoshimasa
- Abstract
ABSTRACTThe obligate intracellular pathogen Chlamydia (Chlamydophila) pneumoniaeis known to be associated with some chronic inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis. Interaction between C. pneumoniaeand immune cells is important in the development of such diseases. However, susceptibility of immune cells, particularly lymphocytes, to C. pneumoniaeinfection has not been reported, even though lymphocytes play a pivotal role in the development of the diseases caused by this bacterium. In this regard, we examined the susceptibility of lymphocytes to C. pneumoniaeinfection in vitro. The results demonstrated that human peripheral blood lymphocytes as well as mouse spleen lymphocytes could be infected with C. pneumoniae. Furthermore, purified T lymphocytes as well as established T-lymphocyte cell line cells showed an obvious susceptibility to C. pneumoniaeinfection, indicating that T cells could be one of the host cells for this bacterial infection. These findings reveal a new infection site for C. pneumoniae, i.e., lymphocytes.
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- 2001
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117. Bacteremia due to Streptococcus tigurinus: A case report and literature review.
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Koizumi, Yusuke, Yamagishi, Yuka, Mikamo, Hiroshige, Hirai, Jun, Nishiyama, Naoya, Sakanashi, Daisuke, Hagihara, Mao, Kato, Hideo, Hamada, Hiroyuki, Suematsu, Hiroyuki, Haranaga, Shusaku, Uechi, Kohei, and Fujita, Jiro
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STREPTOCOCCUS , *STREPTOCOCCUS thermophilus , *RIBOSOMAL RNA , *GASTROINTESTINAL cancer , *ASCITES , *CANCER risk factors , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Gene sequence analysis methods, including 16S rRNA identification, allows accurate identification of Streptococcus species, which include phenotypically closely related species that are difficult to differentiate using conventional chemical methods. We report a case of bacteremia due to Streptococcus tigurinus , identified by 16S rRNA, in a 72-year-old woman with gastrointestinal cancer and ascites. She was hospitalized to undergo elective tumor-related surgery. Five days prior to undergoing surgery, she developed a fever with no obvious source of infection. Blood cultures identified gram-positive cocci. The patient's bacteremia was initially thought to be caused by an Enterococcus species, given her underlying gastrointestinal disease. However, alpha-hemolytic, mucoid, circular colonies were observed on sheep blood agar the following day. Although matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and biochemical testing suggested Streptococcus pneumoniae , we conducted further investigation to identify the bacterium, as the patient had no symptoms of infections usually related with S. pneumoniae such as pneumonia, meningitis, or sinusitis, and the bacteremia occurred 30 days after hospitalization. Finally, the gram-positive cocci were identified as S. tigurinus , assigned to the Streptococcus mitis group in 2012. Although the origin of infection was unclear, it was suspected that peritonitis or bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract caused the bacteremia. This novel species was recently reported as being extremely pathogenic and different from other Streptococcus species. It has been reported to occur in cases of infectious endocarditis and bacteremia. In this article, we reviewed previous reports of S. tigurinus infection and summarized the clinical and pathogenetic features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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118. Use of steroids to treat anti-tumor necrosis factor α induced tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: Case report and literature review.
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Nabeya D, Kinjo T, Yamaniha K, Yamazato S, Tome R, Miyagi K, Nakamura H, Kinjo T, Haranaga S, Higa F, and Fujita J
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- Adult, Crohn Disease drug therapy, Gastrointestinal Agents adverse effects, Humans, Male, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Tuberculosis, Miliary diagnostic imaging, Tuberculosis, Miliary etiology, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary diagnostic imaging, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary etiology, Glucocorticoids therapeutic use, Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome drug therapy, Infliximab adverse effects, Prednisolone therapeutic use, Tuberculosis, Miliary drug therapy, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary drug therapy, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha antagonists & inhibitors
- Abstract
Introduction: Individuals with tuberculosis (TB) who are being treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor α (anti-TNFα) for coexisting conditions may experience unexpected exacerbations of TB after the initiation of antituberculous therapy, so-called anti-TNFα-induced TB-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (anti-TNFα-induced TB-IRIS). Anti-TNFα-induced TB-IRIS is often treated empirically with corticosteroids; however, the evidence of the effectiveness of corticosteroids is lacking and the management can be a challenge., Patient Concerns: A 32-year-old man on long-term infliximab therapy for Crohn disease visited a clinic complaining of persistent fever and cough that had started 1 week previously. His most recent infliximab injection had been administered 14 days before the visit. A chest X-ray revealed a left pleural effusion, and he was admitted to a local hospital., Diagnosis: A chest computed tomography (CT) scan revealed miliary pulmonary nodules; acid-fast bacilli were found in a sputum smear and a urine sediment sample; and polymerase chain reaction confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in both his sputum and the pleural effusion. He was diagnosed with miliary TB., Interventions: Antituberculous therapy was started and he was transferred to our hospital for further management. His symptoms initially improved after the initiation of antituberculous therapy, but 2 weeks later, his symptoms recurred and shadows on chest X-ray worsened. A repeat chest CT scan revealed enlarged miliary pulmonary nodules, extensive ground-glass opacities, and an increased volume of his pleural effusion. This paradoxical exacerbation was diagnosed as TB-IRIS associated with infliximab. A moderate-dose of systemic corticosteroid was initiated [prednisolone 25 mg/day (0.5 mg/kg/day)]., Outcomes: After starting corticosteroid treatment, his radiological findings improved immediately, and his fever and cough disappeared within a few days. After discharge, prednisolone was tapered off over the course of 10 weeks, and he completed a 9-month course of antituberculous therapy uneventfully. He had not restarted infliximab at his most recent follow-up 14 months later., Conclusion: We successfully managed a patient with anti-TNFα-induced TB-IRIS using moderate-dose corticosteroids. Due to the limited evidence currently available, physicians should consider the necessity, dosage, and duration of corticosteroids for each case of anti-TNFα-induced TB-IRIS on an individual patient-by-patient basis.
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- 2020
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119. Pneumatosis intestinalis and hepatic portal venous gas in paralytic ileus due to Strongyloides stercoralis infestation.
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Hokama A, Haranaga S, Tanaka T, Kinjo T, Hirata T, and Fujita J
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- Animals, Humans, Liver, Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction diagnostic imaging, Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction etiology, Strongyloides stercoralis
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- 2020
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120. The First Case of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Due to Capsular Genotype K2-ST86 Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in Okinawa, Japan: A Case Report and Literature Review.
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Hirai J, Sakanashi D, Kinjo T, Haranaga S, and Fujita J
- Abstract
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (HV-KP) typically causes pyogenic liver abscess and bacteremia with metastatic infections. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to HV-KP is uncommon and details of its clinical and microbiological features are limited. We report the first case of CAP due to capsular genotype K2-ST86 HV-KP in Okinawa, Japan and review infections caused by the K2-ST86 strain. A 79-year-old woman presenting with fever and productive cough persisting for the past three days was admitted to hospital. Her vital signs indicated septic shock. Lung examination by auscultation revealed holo-crackle and lobar pneumonia in chest radiography, and Streptococcus pneumoniae was suspected. However, sputum and blood cultures revealed Gram-negative coccus identified as K. pneumoniae . Genetic analysis identified the isolated strain as the K2 serotype harboring rmpA, iutA, entB , and mrkD . Therefore, we identified the isolated strain as hypervirulent. The isolate belonged to ST86 as determined by multilocus sequence typing. The case was not complicated by predisposing factors such as diabetes mellitus and malignancy related to HV-KP infection; thus, this CAP-causing HV-KP strain may differ from the typical HV-KP strain that induces liver abscess. A literature review identified only nine cases with CAP due to HV-KP. In all cases, the disease mainly occurred in older males with diabetes mellitus, which makes the present case unusual, and had high rates of septic shock and death. No case, including ours, was complicated by metastatic infection, suggesting that CAP due to HV-KP poses little distant metastasis risk, even in patients with bloodstream infection. In our review, consistent with our case, K2-ST86 was the most common strain of HV-KP in patients with CAP. Therefore, studies are needed to elucidate the clinical and microbiological features of HV-KP CAP, with a focus on the K2-ST86 strain. Physicians should always consider K. pneumoniae in cases of sepsis CAP with lobar pneumonia., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interests., (© 2020 Hirai et al.)
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- 2020
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121. A Case Report of Cerebral Meningitis Caused by Penicillin-Non-Susceptible Group B Streptococcus in an Immunocompromised Adult Patient.
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Hirai J, Kinjo T, Haranaga S, and Fujita J
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Streptococcus agalactiae , also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is the leading cause of bacteremia and meningitis in neonates; however, it also causes meningitis in adults, although much less frequently. After the detection of penicillin-non-susceptible GBS (PRGBS) for the first time in 2008 by Japanese researchers, clinical PRGBS isolates have been reported worldwide. These isolates need to be given due attention for being non-susceptible to multiple drugs. Herein, we present the first clinical report of meningitis caused by PRGBS. A 41-year-old Japanese male receiving an immunosuppressant visited hospital complaining of fever. Although he did not have meningitis-related symptoms or physical findings, determination of the cause of fever by Gram-staining of the spinal fluid revealed gram-positive cocci in pairs and chains. Initially, he was hospitalized on the diagnosis of cerebral meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae . However, culture of the spinal fluid revealed the β-hemolytic colonies on blood agar. Biochemical testing and mass spectrometry revealed the isolated organism as GBS (serotype Ib). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of penicillin G for the isolated strain was 0.5 μg/mL, which is greater than the MIC criteria for "susceptibility" to penicillin G for beta-hemolytic streptococci according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standards. The isolated strain was also resistant to macrolide (MIC ≥ 8 μg/mL) and fluoroquinolone (MIC ≥ 8 μg/mL). The patient recovered without neurologic sequelae upon treatment with ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and corticosteroids for 4 days, and subsequently with ampicillin for 17 days. The rate of isolation of PRGBS in the clinics has gradually increased, particularly in Japan. Although PRGBS isolated in the present case was susceptible to ampicillin and cephalosporins, strains not susceptible to ampicillin, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone have already been isolated, indicating the prospects for limited range of effective antibiotics against PRGBS infections, including meningitis, in the near future., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work., (© 2020 Hirai et al.)
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- 2020
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122. Case Report of Primary Lung Abscesses Due to Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (Serotype K2, Sequence Type 375): an Emerging Isolate in Okinawa, Japan.
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Hirai J, Sakanashi D, Momose M, Koga T, Kinjo T, Haranaga S, Motonaga E, and Fujita J
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Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (HV-KP) is typically associated with community-acquired liver abscess and bacteremia with metastatic infection; however, primary lung abscess (PLA) caused by HV-KP is rare, with only one such case report to date. A 69-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) was admitted to hospital complaining of slight bloody sputum. Chest imaging showed multiple consolidations with cavities in both lung fields. A culture of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid confirmed the presence of K. pneumoniae . Genetic analyses identified the isolate as serotype K2 and sequence type 375 (K2-ST375), and that it harbored the rmpA gene. The patient was an Asian middle-aged male with DM, all of which are risk factors for HV-KP infection. Although complicating DM and the presence of the rmpA gene are more likely to induce disseminated infection, metastatic infections were not found in this patient. The clinical and microbiological characteristics of our patient were different from those of a previous reported case, although in both cases the patient was from Asia and had DM. Therefore, DM appears to be one of the predisposing factors for HV-KP lung abscesses and physicians should pay attention to emerging HV-KP lung abscess infection, particularly in Asian countries. Previous studies have also revealed that K2-ST375 is one of the major clones causing HV-KP infection, and that it is mainly isolated from patients with liver abscess. Interestingly, including the present case, most of the infectious cases caused by K2-ST375 have been reported from Okinawa Prefecture in Japan. Therefore, the trend of the K2-ST375 strain should be carefully monitored, particularly in Okinawa, Japan. The serotype of HV-KP that causes PLA is still unknown and further study is needed to elucidate the etiology of PLA due to HV-KP and the relationship between the strain K2-ST375 and PLA., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest-., (© 2020 Hirai et al.)
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- 2020
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123. Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage samples collected from 30 patients with drug-induced pneumonitis.
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Yamauchi M, Haranaga S, Parrott G, Kinjo T, Yamashiro T, Tsubakimoto M, Ohtsu H, Ueda S, and Fujita J
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- Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic diagnostic imaging, Humans, Radiography, Thoracic, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic chemically induced, Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic diagnosis, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid cytology
- Abstract
Background: Drug-induced pneumonitis is a disease encountered by pulmonologists in the clinical setting. The diagnosis generally considers the patient's clinical course and the results of peripheral blood tests, radiological examinations, and often bronchoscopic examinations. However, few studies have reported the association between radiological patterns such as ground-glass opacity (GGO) or consolidation, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell fractions. This study aimed to clarify this association., Methods: Patients with a Naranjo's score of probable or definite were enrolled, and all 30 patients were categorized under probable. Data such as patient background, blood examination results, radiological findings, and BALF cell fractions were retrospectively collected. The association between BALF cell fractions and other factors such as chest computed tomography (CT) findings was evaluated., Results: The most common radiological finding in patients with lymphocyte-dominant BALF was GGO, with only one patient exhibiting consolidation. However, patients with eosinophil-dominant BALF were more likely to have consolidation; only three cases showed crazy paving and one showed GGO. In addition, patients with a GGO-dominant pattern on CT had an increased lymphocyte fraction of 41.0%; those with a consolidation-dominant pattern showed a relatively high eosinophil fraction of 5.2%; and those with a crazy paving pattern showed elevated eosinophil and neutrophil fractions of 19.1% and 9.9%, respectively., Conclusions: In this study, a remarkable difference in radiological findings was observed among different BALF patterns., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None of the authors has any conflict of interest to report., (Copyright © 2020 The Japanese Respiratory Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2020
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124. Clinical Features of Human Metapneumovirus Pneumonia in Non-Immunocompromised Patients: An Investigation of Three Long-Term Care Facility Outbreaks.
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Karimata Y, Kinjo T, Parrott G, Uehara A, Nabeya D, Haranaga S, Higa F, Tateyama M, Miyagawa K, Kishaba T, Otani K, Okamoto M, Nishimura H, and Fujita J
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Immunocompetence, Japan epidemiology, Long-Term Care, Male, Middle Aged, Paramyxoviridae Infections virology, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Young Adult, Disease Outbreaks, Paramyxoviridae Infections epidemiology, Pneumonia epidemiology, Pneumonia virology
- Abstract
Background: Several studies have reported outbreaks due to human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in long-term care facilities (LTCF) for the elderly. However, most of these reports are epidemiological studies and do not investigate the clinical features of hMPV pneumonia., Methods: Three independent outbreaks of hMPV occurred at separate LTCF for intellectually challenged and elderly residents. A retrospective evaluation of hMPV pneumonia and its clinical and radiological features was conducted using available medical records and data., Results: In 105 hMPV infections, 49% of patients developed pneumonia. The median age of pneumonia cases was significantly higher than non-pneumonia cases (P < .001). Clinical manifestations of hMPV pneumonia included high fever, wheezing in 43%, and respiratory failure in 31% of patients. An elevated number of white blood cells as well as increased levels of C-reactive protein, creatine phosphokinase, and both aspartate and alanine transaminases was also observed among pneumonia cases. Evaluation of chest imaging revealed proximal bronchial wall thickenings radiating outward from the hilum in most patients., Conclusions: The aforementioned characteristics should be considered as representative of hMPV pneumonia. Patients presenting with these features should have laboratory testing performed for prompt diagnosis.
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- 2018
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125. Etiological analysis and epidemiological comparison among adult CAP and NHCAP patients in Okinawa, Japan.
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Parrott G, Nebeya D, Kinjo T, Miyagi K, Haranaga S, Higa F, Tateyama M, and Fujita J
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- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Community-Acquired Infections microbiology, Cross Infection microbiology, Female, Haemophilus influenzae, Hospitalization, Humans, Japan epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Bacterial microbiology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Community-Acquired Infections epidemiology, Cross Infection epidemiology, Pneumonia, Bacterial epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Etiological epidemiology and diagnosis are important issues for CAP and NHCAP. Despite the availability of effective therapies, significant morbidity and mortality ensues., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the etiology of 200 pneumonia patients at the University of the Ryukyus Hospital. Patients were categorized into CAP (n = 97) or NHCAP (n = 103), according to the Japanese Respiratory Society guidelines. Diagnoses were made using clinical tests including, Gram stain, bacterial culture, serum and urinary tests., Results: Pathogens were detected in 71% of patients, and identified as the source of infection in 52% (104/200). The majority of patients suffered from Streptococcus pneumoniae (32/200), Haemophilus influenzae (22/200), and Moraxella catarrhalis (16/200). Gram stain guided pathogen-oriented therapy decisions for 38 of 96 patients with unknown pathogens. Atypical pathogens were only diagnosed in CAP patients (n = 5). Severity of pneumonia was related to male sex (p = 0.006), and preexisting conditions, such as chronic heart failure (p < 0.001) and COPD (p < 0.001). Risk factors associated with increased length of stay included chronic heart failure, chronic renal failure, other pulmonary diseases and diabetes. Mortality for NHCAP patients was associated with lung cancer and bronchiectasis. CAP patients were more frequently admitted during winter months, while NHCAP patients were admitted during all other seasons. Seasonal patterns for individual pathogens could not be determined., Conclusion: Gram staining remains useful to guiding diagnostics. Pathogens affecting CAP and NHCAP patients were not significantly different; as such, attention should be focused on the management of underlying conditions. Clinical outcomes were not affected by guideline discordant therapy., (Copyright © 2017 Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
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126. Case-control study of pneumonia patients with Streptococcus anginosus group bacteria in their sputum.
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Hirai J, Sakanashi D, Haranaga S, Kinjo T, Hagihara M, Kato H, Suematsu H, Yamagishi Y, Fujita J, and Mikamo H
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Child, Comorbidity, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Pneumonia microbiology, Sputum microbiology, Streptococcal Infections microbiology, Streptococcus anginosus isolation & purification
- Abstract
Background and Objective: In recent years, Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG) bacteria are becoming increasingly recognized as important pneumonia-causing pathogens. Although several small studies have been reported, the features of SAG pneumonia remain unclear, because the identification of SAG from sputum cultures is not routinely performed in most microbiology laboratories. The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical characteristics of SAG pneumonia., Patient and Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study utilizing data obtained in our hospital between September 2009 and June 2016. We investigated 31 patients with SAG pneumonia (PWP), and also assessed the difference between the 31 PWP and 37 patients without pneumonia (PWOP) in whose sputum SAG was detected., Results: Seventy-one percent of the patients were men and the median age was 78 years in the PWP. Univariate analysis indicated that the PWP were significantly more often a bed-ridden (p < 0.01) with comorbid aspiration than were the PWOP (p < 0.05). Among the PWP, nursing and healthcare-associated pneumonia (NHCAP) was the more common type of pneumonia (54.8%). S. anginosus was detected significantly more frequently in sputum cultures of PWP than PWOP (p < 0.01), and multiple pathogens were detected more frequently in PWP (p < 0.01). Streptococcus constellatus was the most frequently detected pathogen in patients with a single bacterial infection. Empyema was observed only in patients with multiple bacteria., Conclusions: SAG should be recognized as important causative pathogens of pneumonia, particularly among elderly patients with underlying disease associated with aspiration. NHCAP was the more common type of SAG pneumonia in this study., (Copyright © 2016 Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
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127. The prevalence of airway obstruction among Japanese HIV-positive male patients compared with general population; a case-control study of single center analysis.
- Author
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Nakamura H, Tateyama M, Tasato D, Haranaga S, Ishimine T, Higa F, Kaneshima H, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Adult, Case-Control Studies, HIV isolation & purification, HIV Infections epidemiology, HIV Infections microbiology, Humans, Japan epidemiology, Male, Pneumocystis carinii isolation & purification, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis epidemiology, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis virology, Prevalence, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive epidemiology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive microbiology, Risk Factors, Smoking physiopathology, Spirometry, HIV Infections complications, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive virology
- Abstract
Background and Objective: Previous studies have suggested that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and/or the airway colonization of Pneumocystis jirovecii (Pcj) impact on the progression of airway obstruction, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between HIV infection, airway colonization of Pcj and airway obstruction in Japanese male patients., Methods: Case-control study of 49 HIV-positive and 257 HIV-negative men were enrolled in this study. Airway obstruction was determined by spirometry. Cigarette smoking was determined by a self report. Laboratory data were obtained from medical records. Among HIV positive patients, the airway colonization of Pcj was evaluated by induced sputum using the real time polymerase chain reaction method., Results: Forty-eight out of 49 (97.9%) HIV-positive patients received antiretroviral therapy, and their median CD4 cell counts were 491/μL (79-935). The prevalence of airway obstruction as determined by spirometry was 10.2% (5/49) in HIV-positive subjects and 2.4% (5/208) in HIV-negative subjects (p = 0.024). Compared with the control group, HIV-positive patients were significantly younger (median age 44 vs 40, p = 0.019). After adjusting for age, pack-years of smoking, HIV infection was an independent risk factor for airway obstruction (OR; 10.93, 95%CI 1.99-60.1, p = 0.006). None of patient was detected the airway colonization of Pcj., Conclusions: HIV infection was an independent risk factor for airway obstruction regardless of airway colonization of Pcj. Health-care providers should be aware of the increased likelihood of airway obstruction among HIV-positive patients., (Copyright © 2014 Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
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128. Clinical evaluation of high mobility group box 1 protein in Legionella pneumophila pneumonia.
- Author
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Higa F, Furugen M, Koide M, Karimata Y, Nabeya D, Iha Y, Kinjo T, Miyagi K, Haranaga S, Hokama A, Tateyama M, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Aged, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid chemistry, Female, HMGB1 Protein analysis, Hepatocyte Growth Factor physiology, Humans, Interferon-gamma physiology, Male, Middle Aged, HMGB1 Protein physiology, Legionnaires' Disease etiology
- Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) protein is involved in acute lung injury due to various etiologies. We evaluated HMGB-1 levels in sera and bronchoalveolar fluids in patients with pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila. Levels of HMGB-1 in the sera of patients with L. pneumophila pneumonia (32 cases) and control subjects (24 cases) were determined. Serum HMGB-1 levels in Legionella pneumonia were similar to those of the control subjects. No significant correlation between HMGB-1 levels and other biomarkers and the outcome of cases was observed. In contrast, HMGB-1 levels, as well as interferon-γ, in bronchoalveolar (BA) fluids from severe L. pneumophila pneumonia (7 cases) were significantly higher than those in the sera of identical patients. HMGB-1 levels in BA fluids were relatively higher in pneumonia cases with ALI than those without ALI. Our findings suggest that intra-pulmonary HMGB-1 may be involved in the pathophysiology of pneumonia caused by L. pneumophila., (Copyright © 2014 Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
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129. [A case of pleural tuberculoma with new pulmonary infiltration during anti-tuberculosis therapy].
- Author
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Haranaga S, Hirai J, Higa F, Miyagi K, Astumi E, Tateyama M, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Tuberculoma diagnostic imaging, Tuberculosis, Pleural diagnostic imaging, Tuberculosis, Pleural drug therapy, Lung pathology, Tuberculoma pathology, Tuberculosis, Pleural pathology
- Abstract
A 61-year-old woman who had received treatment for tuberculous pleurisy for 2 months visited our outpatient clinic. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed the presence of a lens-shaped pleural mass with pulmonary infiltration, despite the decreased pleural effusion. Two weeks later, chest CT showed an increase in the size of the mass and expansion of the intrapulmonary shadow. Percutaneous CT-guided lung biopsy was performed, and histopathological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation without caseous necrosis or acid-fast bacilli. Sputum culture was negative for acid-fast bacilli. Anti-tuberculosis medication was continued, and the lesions eventually resolved. These lesions were diagnosed as pleural tuberculomas, and the intrapulmonary infiltration was considered to be due to the paradoxical worsening of the patient's condition.
- Published
- 2013
130. [Clinical features of diabetic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to a university hospital].
- Author
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Sunagawa S, Higa F, Nakamura H, Tasato D, Haranaga S, Yara S, Tateyama M, Uno T, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Hospitalization, Hospitals, University, Humans, Inpatients, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Diabetes Complications, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary complications
- Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor of tuberculosis (TB). We studied the clinical presentation of pulmonary TB among patients with DM in comparison with patients without DM who were admitted into the hospital of the University of the Ryukyus from 2006 to 2010. The clinical data were collected from medical records retrospectively. Ten cases (25%) of hospitalized patients with pulmonary TB had DM. The DM group showed lower Body Mass Index and higher incidence of chronic heart failure and chronic renal failure. The DM group also were more likely to have cavitary lesion, had longer period of hospitalization, and higher mortality. Their causes of deaths were mainly the co-morbidities and associated complications. Further studies are warranted in order to fully elucidate the relationships between pulmonary TB and DM.
- Published
- 2012
131. Scintigraphy and computed tomography findings for the diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans following peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.
- Author
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Yamashiro T, Iida G, Kamiya H, Yogi A, Murayama S, Haranaga S, and Yara S
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Young Adult, Bronchiolitis Obliterans diagnosis, Bronchiolitis Obliterans etiology, Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation adverse effects, Radiography, Thoracic methods, Radionuclide Imaging methods, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods
- Abstract
We report a case of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) associated with allogenic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for acute leukemia. On inspiratory and expiratory chest computed tomography (CT), characteristic findings for BO, such as air-trapping, mosaic attenuation or bronchial wall thickening were not clearly observed. However, ventilation-perfusion lung scans of the chest demonstrated multiple matched defects, which suggested severe obstructive airway disease. In the diagnosis of BO after stem cell transplantation, lung scans should be recommended when representative findings are not obvious on chest CT.
- Published
- 2012
132. Organizing pneumonia pattern in the follow-up CT of Legionella-infected patients.
- Author
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Haroon A, Higa F, Hibiya K, Haranaga S, Yara S, Tateyama M, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Legionella pneumophila, Legionnaires' Disease diagnosis, Legionnaires' Disease drug therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Radiography, Thoracic, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia diagnostic imaging, Legionnaires' Disease diagnostic imaging, Lung diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
The main aim of this study was to describe the appearance of the CT pattern of organizing pneumonia in Legionella-infected patients. Serial CT scans obtained from five sporadic cases of Legionella pneumophila pneumonia were retrospectively reviewed. The mean time of follow-up was 14 days. Chest CT was analyzed with regard to frequency and appearance of CT patterns of pulmonary abnormalities. Consolidation and ground-glass opacities, with or without an air bronchogram, were the most common abnormalities detected in CT scans during follow-up patients with L. pneumophila pneumonia. Two patterns were observed: subpleural and peribronchovascular. The subpleural pattern was seen in four patients and the peribronchovascular pattern in one. Interlobular septal thickening was seen in one patient. Pleural effusion was seen in one patient. The CT pattern of organizing pneumonia, a subpleural pattern, was frequently observed after treatment of L. pneumophila pneumonia.
- Published
- 2011
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133. [Case report: a case of cat scratch disease in elderly patient needed to differentiate tuberculous lymphadenitis].
- Author
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Tasato D, Tateyama M, Inamine M, Hibiya K, Tamaki Y, Haranaga S, Yara S, Higa F, Maruyama S, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Aged, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Cat-Scratch Disease diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Lymph Node diagnosis
- Published
- 2011
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134. [A case of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia after kidney transplantation with re-exacerbation following therapy].
- Author
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Hirai J, Haranaga S, Teruya H, Yara S, Higa F, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Glucocorticoids administration & dosage, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis drug therapy, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis physiopathology, Postoperative Complications, Prednisolone administration & dosage, Kidney Transplantation, Pneumocystis carinii, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis etiology
- Abstract
A 55-year-old man who had a living kidney transplant 3 months previously was admitted complaining of 4 days of non-productive cough and fever. Because of his low oxygen saturation (SpO2 83% on room air), ground-glass opacities in both lung fields, and marked elevation of beta-D-glucan, a diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) was considered. The diagnosis of PCP was confirmed by bronchoalveolar lavage. Subsequently, his oxygenation level decreased even after the administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, therefore we concurrently administered 60 mg of prednisolone. His clinical symptoms and radiographic findings gradually improved. However, his respiratory condition and radiographic findings exacerbated again after the tapering of prednisolone. His condition improved after the prednisolone dose was returned to 30 mg per day. This case suggested that, in the treatment of PCP in patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, reduction of steroids may cause exacerbation of PCP, similar to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome which occurs in HIV patients.
- Published
- 2011
135. [Comparison of pneumonia severity indices between modified A-DROP system and current A-DROP system predicting outcomes for patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia].
- Author
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Tateyama M, Shinzato T, Haranaga S, Higa F, Naha Y, Nakamura H, Tasato D, Yara S, Koide M, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Community-Acquired Infections mortality, Pneumonia mortality, Severity of Illness Index
- Abstract
Background: The A-DROP is a predicting pneumonia severity index which is adopted in the Japanese Respiratory Society (JRS) guidelines. For community-acquired pneumonia, we made a modified A-DROP, adding two new index items to the current A-DROP. Then, we retrospectively compared the modified A-DROP with the current A-DROP regarding 30-day mortality., Methods and Results: We analyzed consecutive 227 patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (mean age 79.0 years). The added index items were respiratory rate > or = 30/min and the presence or absence of underlying diseases. There were 16 fatalities (7.0%). In the extremely severe group, the sensitivities of the 30-day death and odds ratios were 19.9% and 9.5 in the current A-DROP, but 75.0% and 14.1 for the modified A-DROP, respectively. In addition, regarding the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve for the 30-day death ratio, the current A-DROP and modified A-DROP were 0.807 and 0.840, respectively., Conclusions: The modified A-DROP improved the ability to predict outcomes compared with the current A-DROP.
- Published
- 2011
136. Immunopathological characteristics of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome caused by Mycobacterium parascrofulaceum infection in a patient with AIDS.
- Author
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Hibiya K, Tateyama M, Teruya H, Nakamura H, Tasato D, Kazumi Y, Hirayasu T, Tamaki Y, Haranaga S, Higa F, Maeda S, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections diagnosis, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome diagnosis, Adult, Antibodies, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Humans, Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome etiology, Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome immunology, Immunohistochemistry, Lung microbiology, Lung pathology, Lymph Nodes microbiology, Lymph Nodes pathology, Lymphatic Diseases microbiology, Lymphatic Diseases pathology, Male, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous diagnosis, Respiratory Tract Infections complications, Respiratory Tract Infections diagnosis, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections complications, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome complications, Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome diagnosis, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous complications, Nontuberculous Mycobacteria pathogenicity
- Abstract
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) caused by mycobacterium in patients with AIDS is often experienced in clinical practice. There is, however, a paucity of data documenting the histopathological findings and the pathogenesis. We determined the immunopathological characteristics of IRIS associated with Mycobacterium parascrofulaceum infection in an AIDS patient. A patient presented with pulmonary lymphadenitis and involvement of the pulmonary lingular segment. Portions of the involved lymph nodes and lung were excised, and the immunological properties were analyzed by immunohistochemical assays. The histological characteristics of lymph nodes showed a caseous necrosis. Histopathologically, the pulmonary lesion was composed of exudative and proliferative lesions. CD4(+), CD8(+), CD57(+), and CD25(+)/FoxP3(+) cells were observed in both types of lesions. Clusters of CD20(+) cells and GATA3(+) cells were predominantly observed in exudative lesions, while T-bet(+) cells were dominant in proliferative lesions. ROR-γ(+) cells were also observed in exudative lesions. These results indicate that the cellular immunity to mycobacteria was recovering in the lung tissue. In M. parascrofulaceum pulmonary infection, the exudative lesion had characteristics of Th2 and Th17-type immunities. In contrast, the proliferative lesion had characteristics of Th-1 type immunity. Our data provide the first evidence to reveal the status of the axis of distinctive immunity in the process of granuloma formation caused by a mycobacterium-related infection., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
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137. [Secondary organizing pneumonia after pneumococcal pneumonia].
- Author
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Haranaga S, Tamayose M, Nakamura H, Furugen M, Yara S, Higa F, Tateyama M, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia etiology, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal complications
- Abstract
A 28-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of a 7-day chilly sensation with fever. She was given a diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia because of infiltration on chest radiography, sputum gram staining and testing positive for a pneumococcal urinary antigen. A 10-day course of antibiotics showed improvements in symptoms and infiltration. However, her X-ray film revealed severe volume loss in the right lung. Organizing pneumonia was diagnosed with lymphocytosis in BALF and Masson bodies upon TBLB examination. Administration of prednisolone obtained rapid improvement of the volume loss. This case was interesting, showing an organizing tendency in the acute-stage pneumococcal pneumonia.
- Published
- 2010
138. [Tuberculosis of the tongue initially suspected of tongue cancer: a case report--including the search for recent 16 cases in Japan].
- Author
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Furugen M, Nakamura H, Tamaki Y, Haranaga S, Yara S, Higa F, Tateyama M, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary complications, Tongue Diseases diagnosis, Tongue Neoplasms diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Oral diagnosis
- Abstract
A 56-year-old man, having no particular past history, was admitted to our hospital, with a 9-month history of painful ulcerated lesion of the tongue and a 6-month history of productive cough. A physical examination revealed swelling of his cervical lymph nodes, and a chest roentgenogram on admission showed cavities in the both upper lung fields and nodular shadows over the both lung fields. He was initially suspected of having both cancer of the tongue and pulmonary tuberculosis, but finally diagnosed as secondary tuberculosis of the tongue due to sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis by biopsy of the tongue and sputum examination. He was treated with isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide, and his pain and ulcerated lesion of the tongue rapidly improved. Due to our search for recent 16 cases of tuberculosis of the tongue in Japan, we found that the patients of tuberculosis of the tongue were more likely to have concurrently sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. In some cases, the delay in diagnosis was seen. These cases suggest that refractory ulcerated cases of the tongue should be subjected to the biopsy and examination for acid fast bacilli of the tongue with suspicion of tuberculosis of the tongue, and then a chest roentgenogram with suspicion of pulmonary tuberculosis.
- Published
- 2009
139. [A-DROP system might result in underestimation of severity of cases with Legionnaires' disease].
- Author
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Haranaga S, Higa F, Tateyama M, Kishimoto K, Naha Y, Tamayose M, Nakamatu M, Akamine M, Uchihara T, Atsumi E, Yara S, Koide M, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal classification, Retrospective Studies, Risk, Legionnaires' Disease classification, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Severity of Illness Index
- Abstract
Fifteen cases of legionella pneumonia experienced in our department or associated hospital were included in this study. Each case was classified with the A-DROP system of the Japanese Respiratory Society Guidelines, and guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) (1998) and then we compared the severity of the cases of pneumonia. Although 10 cases were classified as intermediate, 3 as severe, and 2 as extremely severe with the A-DROP system, most cases were classified as severe according to the IDSA guidelines. Among 5 fatal cases, three were ranked as intermediate with the A-DROP system. However all the fatal cases were ranked as severe in the IDSA guidelines. This study suggested that the A-DROP system might underestimate the severity of pneumonia in cases with legionella pneumonia.
- Published
- 2008
140. [A case of acute eosinophilic pneumonia that developed after changing cigarette brands].
- Author
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Uchihara T, Haranaga S, Azuma M, Yara S, Higa F, Tateyama M, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Adult, Humans, Male, Smoking adverse effects, Pulmonary Eosinophilia etiology, Nicotiana adverse effects
- Abstract
A 20-year-old man visited a clinic with high fever and a dyspnea. The chest X-ray film and CT showed multiple patchy ground glass opacities in all lung fields with thickened interlobular septa and bilateral pleural effusions. Examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid led to a diagnosis of acute eosinophilic pneumonia. The patient was a current smoker and he had changed the brand of cigarette he smoked from one with a filter to another brand without filter, one week before disease onset. His symptoms improved after the administration of methylprednisolone. This case suggested that the presence of a filter or a difference in ingredients, or both, between brands of cigarette might contribute to the development of acute eosinophilic pneumonia.
- Published
- 2007
141. [Overview of respiratory infection caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria].
- Author
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Fujita J, Hibiya K, Haranaga S, Higa F, and Tateyama M
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Azithromycin therapeutic use, Clarithromycin therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Immunocompromised Host, Mycobacterium avium Complex, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection classification, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection diagnosis, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection drug therapy, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection transmission, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary classification, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary therapy, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary transmission
- Abstract
Recently, the clinical importance of nontuberculous mycobacteria (especially, Mycobacterium avium complex [MAC] respiratory infection) has been increasing. In addition, an official ATS/IDSA statement about diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases has been published in February, 2007. In this review article, essence of this official statement will be introduced. In MAC respiratory infection, (i) primarily fibrocavitary disease, (ii) nodular/bronchiectatic disease, and (iii) hypersensitivity-like disease are identified, and (i) and (ii) are clinically important. Primarily fibrocavitary disease is characterized by cavitary lesions in upper lung fields in elderly subjects, smoking patients, or patients with pneumoconiosis. Nodular/bronchiectatic disease is characterized by centrilobular nodules and diffuse bronchiectases in the right middle lobe and the left lingula in middle-aged women. In addition, disseminated MAC disease in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome should be considered. Further studies concerning transmission route as well as mechanism of MAC disease should be performed.
- Published
- 2007
142. [Two cases of pulmonary aspergillosis successfully treated with combinated micafungin and itraconazole therapy].
- Author
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Furugen M, Haranaga S, Touyama M, Shiroma R, Yara S, Shinzato T, Higa F, Tateyama M, Saitou A, and Fujita J
- Subjects
- Adult, Aspergillosis diagnosis, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Therapy, Combination, Echinocandins, Female, Humans, Lipopeptides, Lung Diseases, Fungal diagnosis, Male, Micafungin, Middle Aged, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Antifungal Agents administration & dosage, Aspergillosis drug therapy, Itraconazole administration & dosage, Lipoproteins administration & dosage, Lung Diseases, Fungal drug therapy, Peptides, Cyclic administration & dosage
- Abstract
We report 2 cases of pulmonary aspergillosis treated successfully by combining micafungin and traconazole. Case 1: A 51-year-old man with hemoptysis and dyspnea on effort treated for pulmonary tuberculosis and aspergillosis was found on chest CT on admission to have a fungus ball in the left upper lobe and increasing consolidation around the cavity of both lung fields. Bronchoscopy proved positive for aspergillus PCR in bronchial lavage. He was diagnosed with chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis, based on clinical and radiological findings and the positive reaction for aspergillus PCR. He was treated with micafungin alone at first, this proved ineffective, so itraconazole was added, resulting in improvement. Case 2: A 24-year-old woman with stabilized Hodgkin's disease (mixed). She had suffered from a cough and back pain, and chest CT showed increasing consolidation inside and around a giant bulla. She was diagnosed with chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis, based on isolation for Aspergillus sp. in sputum culture and a positive reaction for Aspergillus antigen in bronchial lavage and Aspergillus antibody in serum. She was treated with the combined micafungin and itraconazole, which rapidly improved symptoms and radiological findings. Pulmonary aspergillosis therapy is often difficult, because delivery of the drug to the infection site is limited and drug tolerance is poor. We found that combination micafungin and itraconazole therapy is tolerable and effective in these cases.
- Published
- 2005
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143. Pulmonary strongyloidiasis in a patient receiving prednisolone therapy.
- Author
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Namisato S, Motomura K, Haranaga S, Hirata T, Toyama M, Shinzato T, Higa F, and Saito A
- Subjects
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones immunology, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Antinematodal Agents therapeutic use, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid parasitology, Female, Humans, Ivermectin therapeutic use, Prednisolone immunology, Thiabendazole therapeutic use, Uveitis drug therapy, Adrenal Cortex Hormones adverse effects, Immunocompromised Host immunology, Lung Diseases, Parasitic immunology, Prednisolone adverse effects, Strongyloides stercoralis isolation & purification, Strongyloidiasis immunology
- Abstract
Strongyloidiasis is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Disseminated strongyloidiasis may develop in patients with immunodeficiencies. In the absence of early diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis of disseminated strongyloidiasis is extremely poor. We report a case of pulmonary strongyloidiasis that was successfully treated. The patient was an 83-year-old woman who had been receiving long-term oral prednisolone therapy for uveitis. The patient visited our emergency department complaining of breathing difficulties and diarrhea. A chest X-ray revealed a diffuse enhancement of interstitial shadows. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed, and both Gram staining and Grocott's staining revealed the presence of multiple filariform larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). A stool examination performed at the same time also yielded S. stercoralis. The patient was diagnosed as having pulmonary strongyloidiasis and was treated with thiabendazole and ivermectin, in addition to antimicrobial agents; her respiratory symptoms and diarrhea improved, and S. stercoralis was not detected in subsequent follow-up examinations thereafter. In endemic areas of S. stercoralis, pulmonary strongyloidiasis should be considered as part of a differential diagnosis if chest imaging findings like alveolar and interstitial shadow patterns or lobar pneumonia are seen in patients with immunodeficiencies.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
144. [Two cases of mixed infection of malaria diagnosed by PCR method].
- Author
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Haranaga S, Akashi M, Yara S, Tohyama M, Toyama M, Ishimine T, Miyara T, Shinzato T, Higa F, Tateyama M, Saito A, and Toma H
- Subjects
- Adult, Animals, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Travel, Malaria complications, Malaria diagnosis, Malaria, Falciparum diagnosis, Malaria, Vivax complications, Malaria, Vivax diagnosis, Plasmodium malariae, Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Abstract
We here reported two Japanese cases of mixed infections of plasmodium species, whose DNAs were detected using the PCR test. One case was a 31 year-old male, who presented fever and fatigue, and had a travel history to Kenya, Cameroon and Indonesia. Smear test of his peripheral blood found the presence of Plasmodium vivax, while nested-PCR diagnosis detected the DNAs both P. vivax and Plasmodium malariae. The other was a 54 year-old female suffering from general fatigue. She had been treated with chloroquine for falciparum malaria in Indonesia two weeks before. Malaria antigen test showed positive although no Plasmodium organisms were found in the smear test. The nested PCR detected the DNA of Plasmodium ovale in addition to that of Plasmodium falciparum. In conclusion, the PCR test is helpful and useful for detection of mixed infections of Plasmodium species.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
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145. [A case of pulmonary infection caused by Mycobacterium szulgai].
- Author
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Haranaga S, Sato Y, Tohyama M, Toyama M, Ishimine T, Miyara T, Shinzato T, Higa F, Tateyama M, and Saito A
- Subjects
- Adult, Antitubercular Agents therapeutic use, Humans, Male, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous drug therapy, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous microbiology, Physical Examination, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary drug therapy, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary microbiology, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous diagnosis, Nontuberculous Mycobacteria isolation & purification, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary diagnosis
- Abstract
We report a case of pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium szulgai. A thirty-nine-year-old man with no relevant significant past history underwent an annual medical check. His chest X-ray and CT scan showed an infiltrative shadow with a cavity in the right upper lobe. As it was suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis, he was referred to our hospital. Smear tests of his sputum, gastric fluid, and transbronchial fluid showed no mycobacterial organisms, but culture of the samples revealed growth of mycobacteria. The organism was identified as M. szulgai using a DNA-DNA hybridization method, and the case was diagnosed as pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis caused by M. szulgai. By anti-mycobacterial drug treatment with isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol, the infiltrative shadow on chest roentogenogram and CT showed improvement. Culture of his sputum and gastric fluid showed no growth of mycobacteria after starting treatment.
- Published
- 2002
146. Analysis of Chlamydia pneumoniae growth in cells by reverse transcription-PCR targeted to bacterial gene transcripts.
- Author
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Haranaga S, Ikejima H, Yamaguchi H, Friedman H, and Yamamoto Y
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial drug effects, Humans, Hydrocortisone pharmacology, Minocycline pharmacology, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S analysis, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Chlamydia Infections diagnosis, Chlamydophila pneumoniae genetics, Chlamydophila pneumoniae growth & development, RNA, Bacterial analysis, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Abstract
Chlamydia pneumoniae is an obligate intracellular bacterium and has a unique development cycle consisting of an elementary body (EB) and reticular body (RB). EBs survive in extracellular environments as well as infect susceptible host cells. However, EBs display no measurable metabolic activity. In contrast, RBs are metabolically active and can replicate in a host cell but are noninfectious. Therefore, analysis of C. pneumoniae growth in infected cells by conventional bacterial culture may not permit sufficient information about growth of the bacteria in cells. In this study, therefore, we examined the usefulness of the reverse transcription (RT)-PCR method for analysis of bacterial transcripts to evaluate C. pneumoniae growth in HEp-2 cells because the levels of bacterial gene transcripts are known to show the metabolic activity of bacteria. The transcripts for the C. pneumoniae hsp60 gene and 16S rRNA in the cells were easily detected just after infection, followed by a marked increase. In contrast, pyk and omcB transcripts slowly increased after a latent period. The hydrocortisone treatment of C. pneumoniae-infected cells induced an increase of all bacterial transcripts tested compared with the control group. The treatment of the infected cells with the antibiotic minocycline showed a selective inhibition of bacterial gene transcripts, even though the complete inhibition of EB production determined by the bacterial culture assay was evident. These results indicate that the determination of bacterial gene transcripts by RT-PCR might be a powerful method to analyze in detail growth of C. pneumoniae in host cells, particularly altered bacterial growth caused by agents such as antimicrobials.
- Published
- 2002
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