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101. Curating with the Internet

Author

Buckley, B, Conomos, J, Lowry, S, Buckley, B, Conomos, J, and Lowry, S

Abstract

This chapter explores Internet-based and Internet-activated approaches to curating art through both established and non-traditional exhibition circuits. Today, new curatorial approaches are emerging in tandem with digitally-activated modes of presentation and dissemination distinguished by perpetual reproducibility, multiple intersecting temporalities and materializations, and the subsidence of physical space. Accordingly, this chapter will discuss networked, distributed, and modular approaches that variously disrupt, democratize, antagonize, institutionalize—and in some cases altogether bypass—the figure of the curator. Significantly, many of these approaches are no longer necessarily connected to singular events or spaces and are perhaps better understood as omnidirectional movements between modes of conception, production and dissemination connected through the screen as a communal space. This communal space might offer either access to new works, illuminate the existence of works understood to be elsewhere in time and space, or offer multiple or alternative materializations, versions, attributions, interpretations and representations of existing works.

Published
2020

102. Large-scale changes of the cloud coverage in the epsilon Indi Ba and Bb system

Author

Hitchcock, J. A., Helling, Ch., Scholz, A., Hodosan, G., Dominik, M., Hundertmark, M., Jorgensen, U. G., Longa-Pena, P., Sajadian, S., Skottfelt, J., Snodgrass, C., Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Campbell-White, J., Figuera Jaimes, Roberto, Fujii, Y. I., Haikala, L. K., Henning, T., Hinse, T. C., Lowry, S., Mancini, L., Rahvar, S., Rabus, M., Southworth, J., von Essen, C., Hitchcock, J. A., Helling, Ch., Scholz, A., Hodosan, G., Dominik, M., Hundertmark, M., Jorgensen, U. G., Longa-Pena, P., Sajadian, S., Skottfelt, J., Snodgrass, C., Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Campbell-White, J., Figuera Jaimes, Roberto, Fujii, Y. I., Haikala, L. K., Henning, T., Hinse, T. C., Lowry, S., Mancini, L., Rahvar, S., Rabus, M., Southworth, J., and von Essen, C.

Abstract

We present the results of 14 nights of I-band photometric monitoring of the nearby brown dwarf binary, epsilon Indi Ba and Bb. Observations were acquired over 2 months, with a total of close to 42 h of coverage at a typically high cadence of 1.4 min. At a separation of just 0.7 arcsec, we do not resolve the individual components, and so effectively treat the binary as if it were a single object. However, epsilon Indi Ba (spectral type T1) is the brightest known T-type brown dwarf, and is expected to dominate the photometric signal. We typically find no strong variability associated with the target during each individual night of observing, but see significant changes in mean brightness - by as much as 0.10 mag - over the 2 months of the campaign. This strong variation is apparent on a time-scale of at least 2 d. We detect no clear periodic signature, which suggests that we may be observing the T1 brown dwarf almost pole-on, and the days-long variability in mean brightness is caused by changes in the large-scale structure of the cloud coverage. Dynamic clouds will very likely produce lightning, and complementary high-cadence V-band and H alpha images were acquired to search for the emission signatures associated with stochastic 'strikes'. We report no positive detections for the target in either of these passbands.

Published
2020

103. Inaugural national scientific medical meeting

Author

Walsh, P. Noonan, Conliffe, C., Abdulkadir, A. S., Kelehan, P., Conroy, R., Foley, M., Lenehan, P., Murphy, J. F., Stronge, J., Cantwell, B., Wright, C., Millward, M., Carpenter, M., Lennard, T., Wilson, R., Home, C., Corbett, A. R., O’Sullivan, G., Collins, J. K., Doran, M., McDermott, E. W. M., Mercer, P., Smyth, P., O’Higgins, N. J., Duffy, M. J., Reilly, D., McDermott, E., Faul, C., Fennelly, J. J., O’Higgins, N., Lowry, S., Russell, H., Atkinson, R., Hickey, I., O’Brien, F., O’Mahony, A., O’Donoghue, M., Pomeroy, M., Prosser, E. S., Barker, F., Casey, M., Carroll, K., Davis, M., Duffy, G., O’Kennedy, R., Smyth, P. P. A., O’Carroll, D., Hetherton, A. M., Coveney, E., McAlister, V., Murray, M. J., Brayden, D. J., O’Hora, A., Street, J., O’Leary, J., Pollock, A. M., Crowley, M., Healy, I., Murphy, J., Landers, R., Burke, L., O’Brien, D., Annis, P., Hogan, J., Kealy, W., Lewis, F. A., Doyle, C. T., Callaghan, M., Whelan, A., Feighery, C., Bresnihan, B., Kelleher, D., Reams, G., Murphy, A., Hall, N., Casey, E. B., Mulherin, D., Doherty, E., Yanni, G., Wallace, E., Jackson, J., Bennett, M., Tighe, O., Mulcahy, H., O’Donoghue, D., Croke, D. T., Cahill, R. J., Beattie, S., Hamilton, H., O’Morain, C., Corridan, B., Collins, R. A., O’Morain, C. A., Fitzgerald, E., Gilvarry, J. M., Leader, M., Fielding, J. F., Johnson, B. T., Lewis, S. A., Love, A. H. G., Johnston, B. T., Collins, J. S. A., McFarland, R. J., Johnston, P. W., Collins, B. J., Kilgallen, C. M., Murphy, G. M., Markey, G. M., McCormack, J. A., Curry, R. C., Morris, T. C. M., Alexander, H. D., Edgar, S., Treacy, M., O’Connell, M. A., Weir, D. G., Sheehan, J., O’Loughlin, G., Traynor, O., Walsh, N., Xia, H. X., Daw, M. A., Keane, C. T., Dupont, C., Gibson, G., McGinnity, E., Walshe, J., Carmody, M., Donohoe, J., McGrath, P., O’Moore, R., Kieran, E., Rogers, S., McKenna, K. E., Walsh, M., Bingham, E. A., Hughes, A. E., Nevin, N. C., Todd, D. J., Stanford, C. F., Callender, M. E., Burrows, D., Paige, D. G., Allen, G. E., O’Brien, D. P., Gough, D. B., Phelan, C., Given, H. F., Kamal, S. Zia, Kehoe, S., Coldicott, S., Luesley, D., Ward, K., MacDonnell, H. F., Mullins, S., Gordon, I., Norris, L. A., Devitt, M., Bonnar, J., Sharma, S. C., Sheppard, B. L., Fitzsimons, R., Kingston, S., Garvey, M., Hoey, H. M. C. V., Glasgow, J. F. T., Moore, R., Robinson, P. H., Murphy, E., Murphy, J. F. A., Wood, A. E., Sweeney, P., Neligan, M., MacLeod, D., Cunnane, G., Kelly, P., Corcoran, P., Clancy, L., Drury, R. M., Drury, M. I., Powell, D., Firth, R. G. R., Jones, T., Ferris, B. F., O’Flynn, W., O’Donnell, J., Kingston, S. M., Cunningham, F., Hinds, G. M. E., McCluskey, D. R., Howell, F., O’Mahony, M., Devlin, J., O’Reilly, O., Buttanshaw, C., Jennings, S., Keane, E. R., Foley-Nolan, C., Ryan, F. M., Taylor, M., Lyons, R. A., O’Kelly, F., Mason, J., Carroll, D., Doherty, K., Flynn, M., O’Dwyer, R., Gilmartin, J. J., McCarthy, C. F., Armstrong, C., Mannion, D., Feely, T., Fitzpatrick, G., Cooney, C. M., Aleong, J. Chin, Rooney, R., Lyons, J., Phelan, D. M., Joshi, G. P., McCarroll, S. M., Blunnie, W. P., O’Brien, T. M., Moriarty, D. C., Brangan, J., Kelly, C. P., Kenny, P., Gallagher, H., McGovern, E., Luke, D., Lowe, D., Rice, T., Phelan, D., Lyons, J. B., Lyons, F. M., McCoy, D. M., McGinley, J., Hurley, J., McDonagh, P., Crowley, J. J., Donnelly, S. M., Tobin, M., Fitzgerald, O., Maurer, B. J., Quigley, P. J., King, G., Duly, E. B., Trinick, T. R., Boyle, D., Wisdom, G. B., Geoghegan, F., Collins, P. B., Goss, C., Younger, K., Mathias, P., Graham, I., MacGowan, S. W., Sidhu, P., McEneaney, D. J., Cochrane, D. J., Adgey, A. A. J., Anderson, J. M., Moriarty, J., Fahy, C., Lavender, A., Lynch, L., McGovern, C., Nugent, A. M., Neely, D., Young, I., McDowell, I., O’Kane, M., Nicholls, D. P., McEneaney, D., Nichols, D. P., Campbell, N. P. S., Campbell, G. C., Halliday, M. I., O’Donnell, A. F., Lonergan, M., Ahearne, T., O’Neill, J., Keaveny, T. V., Ramsbottom, D., Boucher-Hayes, D., Sheahan, R., Garadaha, M. T., Kidney, D., Freyne, P., Gearty, G., Crean, P., Singh, H. P., Hargrove, M., Subareddy, K., Hurley, J. P., O’Rourke, W., O’Connor, C., FitzGerald, M. X., McDonnell, T. J., Chan, R., Stinson, J., Hemeryck, L., Feely, J., Chopra, M. P., Sivner, A., Sadiq, S. M., Abernathy, E., Plant, L., Bredin, C. P., Hickey, P., Slevin, G., McCrory, K., Long, M., Conlon, P., Walker, F., Fitzgerald, P., O’Neill, S. J., O’Connor, C. M., Quigley, C., Donnelly, S., Southey, A., Healy, E., Mulcahy, F., Lyons, D. J., Keating, J., O’Mahony, C., Roy, D., Shattock, A. G., Hillary, I. B., Waiz, A., Hossain, R., Chakraborthy, B., Clancy, L. P., O’Reilly, L., Byrne, C., Costello, E., O’Shaughnessy, E., Cryan, B., Farrell, J., Walshe, J. J., Mellotte, G. J., Ho, C. A., Morgan, S. H., Bending, M. R., and Bonner, J.

Published
1993
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108. The market as a distributive and allocative system: its legal, ethical, and analytical evolution

Author

Lowry, S. Todd

Subjects
Economics -- History, Markets (Economics) -- Analysis, Economics, History
Abstract

The economic market has developed over history, and its distributive and allocative functions may be less relevant in modern times. The concept of higgling has been taken from the bargaining process of personal buying and selling in ancient marketplaces, and adopted into theory as a function of modern markets. Ancient Greeks, Romans, and 18th and 17th century English had legal and ethical standards of higgling. However, higgling may not have broader market importance today.

Published
1994

109. Eleventh all Ireland social medicine meeting: Proceedings of meeting held on October 6th to 8th, 1989

Author

Dunn-Lane, J., Herity, B., Moriarty, M., Conroy, R., Lee, F., Collins, B., Patterson, C., Gavin, A. T., Lowry, S., Blaney, R., Bridges, J. M., Nevin, N. C., Donaldson, S. N., McKenzie, G., Telford, A. M., Shelley, Emer, Robinson, K., Clarke, R., Daly, L., Graham, I., Tohani, V. K., Radic, A., Delaney, V., McCrum, Evelyn, Wilde, Jane, Evans, Alan, Lonergan, M., Lyons, R., Howell, F., Codd, M. B., Sugrue, D. D., Gersh, B. J., Melton, L. J., Gutierrez, Jose Fco Garcia, Hynes, M., Jennings, S., Bury, G., O’Kelly, F. D., Coughlan, H., Jackson, T. M. R., O’Connell, E., Colwell, N., O’Neill, T., Tyrrell, J., Evans, A. E., Patterson, C. C., Mathewson, Zelda M., Wales, Heartbeat, Donnelly, M. D. I., Dowding, V. M., and Barry, C.

Published
1990
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110. Characterization of the Surface Properties of MUSES-C/Hayabusa Spacecraft Target Asteroid 25143 Itokawa (1998 SF36)

Author

Lederer, S. M, Domingue, D. L, Vilas, F, Abe, M, Farnham, T. L, Jarvis, K. S, Lowry, S. C, Ohba, Y, Weissman, P. R, and French, L. M

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

Several spacecraft missions have recently targeted asteroids to study their morphologies and physical properties (e.g. Galileo, NEAR Shoemaker), and more are planned. MUSES-C is a Japanese mission designed to rendezvous with a near-Earth asteroid (NEA). The MUSES-C spacecraft, Hayabusa, was launched successfully in May 2003. It will rendezvous with its target asteroid in 2005, and return samples to the Earth in 2007. Its target, 25143 Itokawa (1998 SF36), made a close approach to the Earth in 2001. We collected an extensive ground-based database of broadband photometry obtained during this time, which maximized the phase angle coverage, to characterize this target in preparation for the mission. Our project was designed to capitalize on the broadband UBVRI photometric observations taken with a series of telescopes, instrumentation, and observers. Photometry and spectrophotometry of Itokawa were acquired at Lowell, McDonald, Steward, Palomar, Table Mountain and Kiso Observatories. The photometric data sets were combined to calculate Hapke model parameters of the surface material of Itokawa, and examine the solar-corrected broadband color characteristics of the asteroid. Broadband photometry of an object can be used to: (1) determine its colors and thereby contribute to the understanding of its surface composition and taxonomic class, and (2) infer global physical surface properties of the target body. We present both colors from UBVRI observations of the MUSES-C target Itokawa, and physical properties derived by applying a Hapke model to the broadband BVRI photometry.

Published
2004

125. OGLE-2018-BLG-0022: A Nearby M-dwarf Binary

Author

Street, R., Bachelet, E., Tsapras, Y., Hundertmark, M., Bozza, V., Dominik, M., Teams, M., Team, R., Bramich, D., Cassan, A., Horne, K., Mao, S., Saha, A., Wambsganss, J., Zang, W., Team, M., Jørgensen, U., Longa-Peña, P., Peixinho, N., Sajadian, S., Burgdorf, M., Campbell-White, J., Dib, S., Evans, D., Fujii, Y., Hinse, T., Khalouei, E., Lowry, S., Rahvar, S., Rabus, M., Skottfelt, J., Snodgrass, C., Southworth, J., and Tregloan-Reed, J.

Abstract

We report observations of the binary microlensing event OGLE-2018-BLG-0022, provided by the Robotic Observations of Microlensing Events (ROME)/Reactive Event Assessment (REA) Survey, which indicate that the lens is a low-mass binary star consisting of M3 (0.375 ± 0.020 M ☉) and M7 (0.098 ± 0.005 M ☉) components. The lens is unusually close, at 0.998 ± 0.047 kpc, compared with the majority of microlensing events, and despite its intrinsically low luminosity, it is likely that adaptive optics observations in the near future will be able to provide an independent confirmation of the lens masses.

Published
2019

127. CCD observatiions of asteroid 1998 SF36 (25143)

Author

Lowry, S. C, Weissman, P. R, and Hicks, M. D

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

Talks of how asteroid 1998 SF36 (25143) is the target of the Japanese/NASA MUSES-C sample return mission.

Published
2001

131. Shape model and spin-state analysis of PHA contact binary (85990) 1999 JV6 from combined radar and optical observations

Author

Rożek, A., primary, Lowry, S. C., additional, Nolan, M. C., additional, Taylor, P. A., additional, Benner, L. A. M., additional, Fitzsimmons, A., additional, Zegmott, T. J., additional, Weissman, P. R., additional, Green, S. F., additional, Rozitis, B., additional, Snodgrass, C., additional, Smythe, W. D., additional, Hicks, M. D., additional, Howell, E. S., additional, Virkki, A. K., additional, Aponte-Hernandez, B., additional, Rivera-Valentín, E. G., additional, Rodriguez-Ford, L. A., additional, Zambrano-Marin, L. F., additional, Brozović, M., additional, Naidu, S. P., additional, Giorgini, J. D., additional, Snedeker, L. G., additional, Jao, J. S., additional, and Ghigo, F. D., additional

Published
2019
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132. Physical model of near-Earth asteroid (1917) Cuyo from ground-based optical and thermal-IR observations

Author

Rożek, A., primary, Lowry, S. C., additional, Rozitis, B., additional, Green, S. F., additional, Snodgrass, C., additional, Weissman, P. R., additional, Fitzsimmons, A., additional, Hicks, M. D., additional, Lawrence, K. J., additional, Duddy, S. R., additional, Wolters, S. D., additional, Roberts-Borsani, G., additional, Behrend, R., additional, and Manzini, F., additional

Published
2019
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138. Influence of Natural Convection and Thermal Radiation Multi-Component Transport in MOCVD Reactors

Author

Lowry, S, Krishnan, A, and Clark, I

Subjects
Fluid Mechanics And Heat Transfer
Abstract

The influence of Grashof and Reynolds number in Metal Organic Chemical Vapor (MOCVD) reactors is being investigated under a combined empirical/numerical study. As part of that research, the deposition of Indium Phosphide in an MOCVD reactor is modeled using the computational code CFD-ACE. The model includes the effects of convection, conduction, and radiation as well as multi-component diffusion and multi-step surface/gas phase chemistry. The results of the prediction are compared with experimental data for a commercial reactor and analyzed with respect to the model accuracy.

Published
1999

140. Numerical Modeling of Physical Vapor Transport in Contactless Crystal Growth Geometry

Author

Palosz, W, Lowry, S, Krishnam, A, Przekwas, A, and Grasza, K

Subjects
Solid-State Physics
Abstract

Growth from the vapor under conditions of limited contact with the walls of the growth ampoule is beneficial for the quality of the growing crystal due to reduced stress and contamination which may be caused by interactions with the growth container. The technique may be of a particular interest for studies on crystal growth under microgravity conditions: elimination of some factors affecting the crystal quality may make interpretation of space-conducted processes more conclusive and meaningful. For that reason, and as a part of our continuing studies on 'contactless' growth technique, we have developed a computational model of crystal growth process in such system. The theoretical model was built, and simulations were performed using the commercial computational fluid dynamics code, (CFD) ACE. The code uses an implicit finite volume formulation with a gray discrete ordinate method radiation model which accounts for the diffuse absorption and reflection of radiation throughout the furnace. The three-dimensional model computes the heat transfer through the crystal, quartz, and gas both inside and outside the ampoule, and mass transport from the source to the crystal and the sink. The heat transport mechanisms by conduction, natural convection, and radiation, and mass transport by diffusion and convection are modeled simultaneously and include the heat of the phase transition at the solid-vapor interfaces. As the thermal boundary condition, temperature profile along the walls of the furnace is used. For different thermal profiles and furnace and ampoule dimensions, the crystal growth rate and development of the crystal-vapor and source-vapor interfaces (change of the interface shape and location with time) are obtained. Super/under-saturation in the ampoule is determined and critical factors determining the 'contactless' growth conditions are identified and discussed. The relative importance of the ampoule dimensions and geometry, the furnace dimensions and its temperature, and the properties of the grown material are analyzed. The results of the simulations are compared with related experimental results on growth of CdTe, CdZnTe, ZnTe, PbTe, and PbSnTe crystals by this technique.

Published
1998

145. OGLE-2018-BLG-0022:A Nearby M-dwarf Binary

Author

Street, R. A., Bachelet, E., Tsapras, Y., Hundertmark, M. P. G., Bozza, V, Dominik, M., Bramich, D. M., Cassan, A., Horne, K., Mao, S., Saha, A., Wambsganss, J., Zang, Weicheng, Jorgensen, U. G., Longa-Pena, P., Peixinho, N., Sajadian, S., Burgdorf, M. J., Campbell-White, J., Dib, S., Evans, D. F., Fuji, Y., I, Hinse, T. C., Khalouel, E., Lowry, S., Rahvar, S., Rabus, M., Skottfelt, J., Snodgrass, C., Southworth, J., Tregloan-Reed, J., Street, R. A., Bachelet, E., Tsapras, Y., Hundertmark, M. P. G., Bozza, V, Dominik, M., Bramich, D. M., Cassan, A., Horne, K., Mao, S., Saha, A., Wambsganss, J., Zang, Weicheng, Jorgensen, U. G., Longa-Pena, P., Peixinho, N., Sajadian, S., Burgdorf, M. J., Campbell-White, J., Dib, S., Evans, D. F., Fuji, Y., I, Hinse, T. C., Khalouel, E., Lowry, S., Rahvar, S., Rabus, M., Skottfelt, J., Snodgrass, C., Southworth, J., and Tregloan-Reed, J.

Published
2019

146. Modeling of Thermal Field in 'Contactless' Physical Vapor Transport

Author

Palosz, W, Lowry, S, and Krishnan, A

Subjects
Materials Processing
Abstract

A numerical model of the thermal field in the furnace-ampoule system developed for the 'contactless' Physical Vapor Transport growth geometry is presented. The model is used to assess the effect of the system geometry and growth parameters on the conditions of 'contactless' growth of cadmium telluride crystals.

Published
1997
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147. Tensile strength of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko nucleus material from overhangs

Author

Attree, N., Groussin, O., Jorda, L., Nébouy, D., Thomas, N., Brouet, Y., Kührt, Ekkehard, Preusker, Frank, Scholten, Frank, Knollenberg, Jörg, Hartogh, P., Sierks, H., Barbieri, C., Lamy, P., Rodrigo, R., Koschny, D., Rickman, H., Keller, H. U., A’Hearn, M. F., Auger, A.-T., Barucci, Antonella, Bertaux, J.-L., Bertini, I., Bodewits, Dennis, Boudreault, S., Cremonese, G., Deppo, Vania Da, Davidsson, B., Debei, S., De Cecco, M., Deller, J., El-Maarry, M. R., Fornasier, S., Fulle, M., Gutierrez, P.J., Güttler, C., Hviid, Stubbe, Ip, W-H., Kovacs, G., Kramm, J. R., Küppers, M., Lara López, Luisa M., Lazzarin, M., Lopez Moreno, J., Lowry, S., Marchi, S., Marzari, F., Mottola, S., Naletto, G., Oklay, Nilda, Pajola, M., Toth, I., Tubiana, C., Vincent, Jean-Baptiste, Shi, X., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), European Space Agency Advanced Concepts and Science Payloads Office (ESA ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), ESA Scientific Support Office, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratory for Ultraviolet and X-ray Optical Research [Padova] (LUXOR), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], University of Trento [Trento], Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute of Space Science [Taiwan], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Operations Department (ESAC), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science [Canterbury] (CAPS), University of Kent [Canterbury], Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (SSERVI), Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille ( LAM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] ( DLR ), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung ( MPS ), IMPEC - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] ( CAB ), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial ( INTA ) -Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), International Space Science Institute ( ISSI ), Space Research Centre [Warsaw] ( CBK ), Polska Akademia Nauk ( PAN ), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] ( IGEP ), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste ( OAT ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), Laboratory for Ultraviolet and X-ray Optical Research [Padova] ( LUXOR ), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ) -Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), National Central University [Taiwan] ( NCU ), European Space Astronomy Center ( ESAC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ) -European Space Agency ( ESA ), Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science [Canterbury] ( CAPS ), Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute ( SSERVI ), Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] ( SwRI ), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' ( CISAS ), NASA Ames Research Center ( ARC ), Hungarian Academy of Sciences [Budapest], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Polska Akademia Nauk (PAN), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)

Subjects
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Comets: individual: Churyumov-Gerasimenko, FOS: Physical sciences, general [comets], Comets: general, Methods: observational, es, individual: Churyumov-Gerasimenko [comets], Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, observational [Methods], addenda, errata, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We directly measure twenty overhanging cliffs on the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko extracted from the latest shape model and estimate the minimum tensile strengths needed to support them against collapse under the comet's gravity. We find extremely low strengths of around one Pa or less (one to five Pa, when scaled to a metre length). The presence of eroded material at the base of most overhangs, as well as the observed collapse of two features and implied previous collapse of another, suggests that they are prone to failure and that true material strengths are close to these lower limits (although we only consider static stresses and not dynamic stress from, for example, cometary activity). Thus, a tensile strength of a few pascals is a good approximation for the tensile strength of 67P's nucleus material, which is in agreement with previous work. We find no particular trends in overhang properties with size, over the $\sim10-100$ m range studied here, or location on the nucleus. There are no obvious differences, in terms of strength, height or evidence of collapse, between the populations of overhangs on the two cometary lobes, suggesting that 67P is relatively homogenous in terms of tensile strength. Low material strengths are supportive of cometary formation as a primordial rubble pile or by collisional fragmentation of a small (tens of km) body., 13 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2018
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148. OGLE-2017-BLG-1434Lb: Eighth q < 1 x 10(-4) Mass-Ratio Microlens Planet Confirms Turnover in Planet Mass-Ratio Function

Author

Udalski, A, Ryu, Y-H, Sajadian, S, Gould, A, Mroz, P, Poleski, R, Szymanski, MK, Skowron, J, Soszynski, I, Kozlowski, S, Pietrukowicz, P, Ulaczyk, K, Pawlak, M, Rybicki, K, Iwanek, P, Albrow, MD, Chung, S-J, Han, C, Hwang, K-H, Jung, YK, Shin, I-G, Shvartzvald, Y, Yee, JC, Zang, W, Zhu, W, Cha, S-M, Kim, D-J, Kim, H-W, Kim, S-L, Lee, C-U, Lee, D-J, Lee, Y, Park, B-G, Pogge, RW, Bozza, V, Dominik, M, Helling, C, Hundertmark, M, Jorgensen, UG, Longa-Pena, P, Lowry, S, Burgdorf, M, Campbell-White, J, Ciceri, S, Evans, D, Jaimes, RF, Fujii, YI, Haikala, LK, Henning, T, Hinse, TC, Mancini, L, Peixinho, N, Rahvar, S, Rabus, M, Skottfelt, J, Snodgrass, C, Southworth, J, von Essen, C, Collaboration, OGLE, Collaboration, K, and Collaboration, M

Subjects
QB460, humanities
Abstract

We report the discovery of a cold Super-Earth planet (m(p) = 4.4 +/- 0.5 M-circle plus) orbiting a low-mass (M = 0.23 +/- 0.03 M-circle dot) M dwarf at projected separation a(perpendicular to) l = 1.18 +/- 0.10 a.u., i.e., about 1.9 times the distance the snow line. The system is quite nearby for a microlensing planet, D-L = 0.86 +/- 0.09 kpc. Indeed, it was the large lens-source relative parallax pi(rel) = 1.0 mas (combined with the low mass M) that gave rise to the large, and thus well-measured, "microlens parallax" pi(E) proportional to (pi(rel)/M)(1)(/2) that enabled these precise measurements. OGLE-2017-BLG-1434Lb is the eighth microlensing planet with planet-host mass ratio q < 1 x 10(-4).\ud \ud We apply a new planet-detection sensitivity method, which is a variant of "V/V-max", to seven of these eight planets to derive the mass-ratio function in this regime. We find dN/ d lnq proportional to q(P) , with p =1.05(-0.68)(+0.78), which confirms the "turnover" in the mass function found by Suzuki et al. relative to the power law of opposite sign n = -0.93 +/- 0.13 at higher mass ratios q greater than or similar to 2 x 10(-4). We combine our result with that of Suzuki et al. to obtain p = 0.73(-0.34)(+0.42.)

Published
2018

149. Corrigendum: Tensile strength of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko nucleus material from overhangs (Astronomy and Astrophysics (2018) 611 (A33) DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201732155)

Author

Attree, N., Groussin, O., Jorda, L., Nebouy, D., Thomas, N., Brouet, Y., Kuhrt, E., Preusker, F., Scholten, F., Knollenberg, J., Hartogh, P., Sierks, H., Barbieri, C., Lamy, P., Rodrigo, R., Koschny, D., Rickman, H., Keller, H. U., A'Hearn, M. F., Auger, A. -T., Barucci, M. A., Bertaux, J. -L., Bertini, I., Bodewits, D., Boudreault, S., Cremonese, G., Deppo, V. D., Davidsson, B., Debei, S., De Cecco, M., Deller, J., El-Maarry, M. R., Fornasier, S., Fulle, M., Gutierrez, P. J., Guttler, C., Hviid, S., W. -H., Ip, Kovacs, G., Kramm, J. R., Kuppers, M., Lara, L. M., Lazzarin, M., Lopez Moreno, J. J., Lowry, S., Marchi, S., Marzari, F., Mottola, S., Naletto, G., Oklay, N., Pajola, M., Toth, I., Tubiana, C., Vincent, J. -B., and Shi, X.

Subjects
comets: general, methods: observational, addenda, comets: individual: Churyumov-Gerasimenko, errata, errata, addenda
Published
2018

150. Mercantilism: The Shaping of an Economic Language

Author

Lowry, S. Todd

Subjects
Mercantilism: The Shaping of an Economic Language (Book), The Early History of the Law of Bills and Notes: A Study of the Origins of Anglo-American Commercial Law (Book), Books -- Book reviews, Economics, History
Published
1998

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