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Teachers are currently required to use learning media, in accordance with government regulations. Learning media are used for teaching materials for student learning. Learning evaluation can consist of questions or quizzes using multiple choice quiz. Evaluation of student learning by using learning media is one of the things which teachers of IT PLUS BAZMA Briliant High School. Therefore, STT Dumai held community service for IT PLUS BAZMA Brilliant High School Teachers, namely, Training to Make Multiple Choice Test Using Ms. Office Power Point for IT Plus Bazma Brilliant High School Teachers on Wednesday, January 30, 2018. Training provided for three materials, namely techniques and things to consider in making Power Point, the use of features in Power Point, and make a quiz with Power Point. The training was attended by 19 teachers and held for approximately 2 hours. The training begins with the implementing material ending with practice. The material given by sequence is in accordance with the desired goals, namely making learning material and also student learning.

The objective of the study were (1) To know the process of teaching writing skill in narrative text at tenth grade of SMK PGRI 3 Kota Serang (2) To find out the result of students writing skill in narrative text by using dispersion imagination at tenth grade of SMK PGRI 3 Kota Serang. This research is used a mixed method research design, classroom action research. The result of the research were (1) the process of teaching narrative text using dispersion imagination in writing skills of two steps; pre-cycle and cycle. The result of research showed that the research in cycle 1, the writer used the move picture, the students to listen and look at the move picture in slide at the Power Point about the material. The students write narrative text from the story by using dispersion imagination. In cycle 2, the use of film is able to improve students writing skill in narrative text and develop idea to write well. While the role of teachers who are not just as facilitators, but also as a motivator and inspirator are also able to provide new supported in the learning process. There is improvement in writing skill of the students after the treatment. It can be seen from their main score of pre-test and post-test. (2) There was improvement in the pre-test main score (41.00), the first post-test mean score (45.00), and the second post-test main score (76.00). The achievement of writing in post-test is 76,00%. In conclusion, there was significant improvement of the students in writing skill in narrative text by using dispersion imagination.

The purpose of this research activity is to measure and determine whether or not there is influence between motivation to study MS Power Point and Blog programs on teacher skills in making presentation slides and Blogs by using MS Power Point and Blog programs in information-based teacher teaching materials preparation training programs and technology at 139 Jakarta Public Middle School. The target to be achieved specifically in this research activity is the output of research carried out can be used as an indicator of decisions and policies for the Head of Jakarta SMP Negeri 139 in an effort to improve the competence of teachers in the schools they lead. The type of research carried out is quantitative descriptive using a statistical approach from the primary data obtained. The method used in the research activities at 139 Jakarta Public Middle School is through a survey using a questionnaire and literature review as a support in this study. The results showed that there was a very low influence between teacher learning motivation and the teacher's ability to make teaching materials as evidenced by the calculation of the correlation coefficient of 0.043 or 4.3% which could be interpreted as teachers' awareness to learn and master teaching skills using learning media Information and Technology based is very low.

The energy generated from Photovoltaic (PV) arrays is mainly take full benefit with amaximum power point tracking (MPPT) systems. The perturb & observe algorithm techniqueis used, in which periodically perturbs the operational point of PV array, and compare the PVpower before and after the perturbation. In this paper, the recital of a three-phase gridconnected system is considered. The system includes two (100-kw PV modules), DC/DCconverter and DC/AC inverter. The control system composed of two control instruments inthe planned PV system where the first is for (MPPT) of the PV module and other is forinfusing the ideal measure of capacity to Grid. The whole system is designed and simulatedby MATLAB (Simulink). By the simulation consequence can expect the real MPPTphotovoltaic system performance. يتناول البحث تحليل و دراسة أداء نظام مصفوفات خلايا الطاقة الشمسية المتصل بالشبکة الکهربائية عند تتبع نقطة القدرة العظمى(MPPT). والدراسة تهدف إلى تحسين القدرة باستخدام تقنية خوارزمية الاضطراب و المراقبة P&O ، وفيها يتم بشکل دوري تغيير نقطة التشغيل للمصفوفات الکهروضوئية ، ومقارنة الطاقة الکهروضوئية قبل الاضطراب وبعده. في هذه البحث، تم النظر في الحيثية للنظام المتصل بالشبکة من ثلاث مراحل و يشتمل النظام على وحدتين (100 کيلوواط من الوحدات الکهروضوئية) ، محول DC / DC وعاکس تيار مستمر / تيار متردد. کما يشمل نظام التحکم اثنين من أدوات التحکم في النظام الکهروضوئي المقترح حيث يکون الأول (MPPT) من الوحدة الکهروضوئية والآخر هو لبث مقياس مثالي لقدرة الشبکة. تم تصميم النظام بأکمله ومحاکاته باستخدام برنامج المحاکاة MATLAB/SIMULINK وبذلک تم التمکن من توقع أداء النظام الکهروضوئي MPPT الحقيقي.

In spite of the benefits of English oral presentations on EFL learners' proficiency and competence, English presentations have not obtained much attention as instructional medium in the field of English education. With the belief that EFL learners' experience of English presentation performance can provide valuable insights for educators and researchers, this study intended to describe how EFL learners perceive their presentation performance through their reflective self-assessment. In particular, adopting Otoshi and Heffernen's (2008) rubric of evaluation, this study examined what a group of Korean EFL learners were concerned in regard to their presentation performances and how they evaluated them. The data collected were 41 reflective self-assessment papers written by 41 Korean college students. The papers were coded, categorized and interpreted. Findings showed that voice quality is the area the students in this paper were most concerned about. Negative evaluations of their presentation performance outweighed the positive evaluations except in the area of Power Point use. Lastly, rehearsal and visual aids education sessions as well as differentiating spoken and written English were suggested as instruction implications for educators.

Teachers are the drivers of education, in the digital era teachers are required to renew learning by utilizing existing technology with the aim of not lagging behind the times. The facts in the field show that conditions are of concern, the use of technology is still not optimal. This is due to the lack of facilities that support the development of learning technology and also the human resources that control the technology are also minimal. This training aims to provide training by presenting some material related to the development of interactive learning media, namely Microsoft Power Point so that the implementation of SKI learning at Rawabening MI schools does not seem monotonous so as to increase interest and quality of learning among students. The coaching process delivered by the servants who acted as instructors and tutors took place conducively. Material designed in such a way by servants can be understood, understood and well understood by the participants. This was evident from the enthusiasm of the participants who participated in the training actively communicating with the speaker, so that the training was carried out well and interactively.

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by Leptospira interogans (L interogans). The urine of rats is a carrier of L interrogans bacteria that pollutes stagnant water such as flooding both in rice fields and fields. Bacteria enter through the mucosa and sores or blisters when in contact with the polluted water. The mortality rate due to leptospirosis in Indonesia is reported to reach 2.5 - 16.45%, because it is a tropical country with quite high rainfall followed by flooding. Nagari Alahan Panjang Solok Regency is located at an altitude of 1400 - 1600 meters above sea level (masl) with rainfall of 2600 mm which is a vast agricultural area and the community is 90% farmers. Based on the problem above, the Department of Microbiology and Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University has held community service in Nagari Alahan Panjang, Solok Regency, for farmers, because farmers are at risk of being infected by Leptospira. The counseling method uses a power point slide and poster about leptospira followed by blood tests using the Standard Q rapid test for Leptospira IGM / IgG. About 48 farmers carried alcohol swabs at the tips of their fingers to take blood samples with fingersticks. As much as 10 ul of blood add 1 drop of standard buffer solution Q rapid test Leptospira IgM / IgG put in the rapid test tool well while stirring and wait 5 minutes. Positive results appear in the red line in the IgM / IgG area according to the control indicated on the rapid test tool. The conclusion that counseling can increase the knowledge of farmers to prevent leptospirosis with the discovery of 6.25% of farmers suspected of leptospirosis.

“Sex Toys on the Altar” describes Ibrahim Farajaje’s influence on one of his colleagues and coconspirators, centering his influence directly in the pulsating power point where spiritual and erotic ...

The article is devoted to justification of scientific approaches toward the organization of self-education training of humanitarian subjects’ teachers in a higher military school as part of continuous professional education. It has been proven that case technology application contributes to the enhancement of self-educatory training competence of humanitarian subjects’ teachers due to the performance of various kinds of preemptive tasks (search and provision of information on Internet, creating reference list of Internet information resources, development of multimedia presentation in MS Power Point program, using electronic mail, chat message exchange, creation and placement of information in blogs and so on), promotes research activity of humanitarian subjects’ teachers at a higher educational establishment, establishes proper environment for practical application of acquired knowledge when performing different kinds of creative tasks.

This study aims to analyze the 'amil nashab contained in the Qur'an juz 1 and its implementation in qawa'id learning in class 8D SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Waru. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. And data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews and documentation.The results of this study are: in the science of qawa'id there are 8 kinds of amil nashab, namely: أن، لن، إذن، كى، لام التعليل، لام الجحود، حتى، الجواب بالفاء والواو. As for what is contained in the Qur'an juz 1 is as much as 4 kinds, namely: أن، لن، لام التعليل، حتى. The method used in learning qawa'id in Arabic subjects at SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Waru is deductive in nature (qiyasi), which is a method that begins with the presentation of the rules and then examples. In the learning process the teacher explains about 'Amil Nashab to students using power point learning media and in addition to providing examples from books the teacher also looks for examples from the verses of the Qur'an.

Pandemi Covid-19 membuat sekolah dilakukan secara online, media pembelajaran yang digunakan harus mendukung proses pembelajaran online . Penggunaan media pembelajaran yang menarik akan membuat pembelajaran menjadi menyenangkan dan interaktif, salah satunya dengan penggunaan Power Point 2013. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memastikan keefektifan Power Point sebagai media pembelajaran interaktif di masa pandemi dengan melihat ketertarikan dan juga respon belajar yang ditimbulkan oleh anak. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif, teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan mendeskripsikan seluruh kejadian dengan apa adanya saat penelitian berlangsung. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa penggunaan Power Point di masa pandemi sangat efektif, karena: (1) Penggunaan Power Point dapat membangkitkan motivasi belajar, (2) Membuat senang dan tidak membosankan, (3) Meningkatkan antusiasme, (4) Membuat lebih mudah mengingat. Diharapkan dengan adanya penelitian ini, akan semakin banyak sekolah yang menggunakan Power Piont sebagai media pembelajaran interaktif untuk menjalin komunikasi dua arah antara guru dengan murid.

The preparation of classroom action research or CAR and writing scientific articles on research results is still a problem for teachers in Rupit District, North Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatra Province. For this reason, it is necessary to hold community service by means of classroom action research workshops and the preparation of scientific articles on research results in Rupit District, South Sumatra Province. The purpose of this community service was to describe the results of classroom action research workshops and the preparation of scientific articles on research results in Rupit District, South Sumatra Province. The method of community service is carried out by workshops in which the techniques of lectures, discussions, assignments, and practices are used. The results of the classroom action research workshop and the preparation of scientific research articles for teachers which were carried out in the YP Asra Noman High School Hall, Rupit District, Musi Rawas Utara Regency went well. This is shown from the workshop activities providing understanding to teachers on the preparation of class action research proposals, preparation of classroom action research reports, and the preparation of scientific articles to 22 teachers from elementary, middle, MTs, and high school teachers in the North Musi Rawas area and there are from Musi Rawas Regency. The success of this workshop is not only supported by the school which provides infrastructure as well as resource persons who use discussion methods and assignments or practices, the use of power point media, as well as providing workshop materials and examples of both CAR proposals, CAR reports, as well as scientific journal articles to the participants.

Hybrid teaching mode combines the advantages of traditional classroom teaching and network teaching, and has become one of the most important research directions in information teaching reform. The new teaching tool "rain classroom" developed by Tsinghua University is based on the platform of power point and wechat, which can easily realize the comprehensive interactive hybrid teaching. This paper first analyzes the problems existing in the traditional teaching of civil engineering materials, reconstructs the course content, adopts the rain classroom and integrated hybrid teaching mode to carry out reform practice, promotes the establishment of efficient classroom, strengthens the interaction between teachers and students, promotes the close combination of information technology and teaching, and cultivates students' engineering thinking mode of analyzing and solving problems, It can stimulate students' learning initiative, enhance their ability of unity, cooperation and innovation, and meet the requirements of applied talents training.

Streaming of faculty anatomy dissections was utilized to teach clinically relevant gross anatomy to first-year Physician Assistant students during the summer of 2020 to address Covid-19 pandemic social distancing guidelines. The online anatomy dissections by faculty replaced the traditional practice of onsite dissection laboratory periods by the students. MATERIAL AND METHODS The PA gross anatomy course was scheduled for six weeks, Monday through Thursday. The PA students were offsite and, therefore, viewed the dissections via zoom sessions. Each online session was scheduled for three hours. At the beginning of each session, ten quiz questions relative to prior sessions were asked to enhance students? retention and recall. Following the daily online practical quizzes, students watched step by step dissections by the faculty. These dissections were integrated with relevant power-point slides and/or cross-sections. During last 35 minutes of each daily session, students were divided into small groups to discuss the dissected anatomy region for that day with one faculty member per group. The PA students from the Class of 2022 completed an anonymous electronic survey at the conclusion of the course. RESULTS The online survey of the enrolled PA students (n=60) in their first-year training identified that the online dissections and the teaching format were extremely beneficial to their learning. Ninety percent of the students strongly agreed or agreed that online gross anatomy course augmented their learning. Eighty percent of the students strongly agreed or agreed that the streaming of anatomy dissections was helpful in learning the assigned anatomy. Ninety percent of the students strongly agreed or agreed that integrated power point presentations were beneficial, and ninety percent of the students strongly agreed or agreed that daily integrated quizzes (self-assessment modules) were beneficial for their retention and recall. Although setting up online dissections and integrating the streaming dissections with relevant power points were time-intensive, the teaching faculty viewed the online teaching experiences as efficient means to further develop students? knowledge base of anatomy while addressing university and CDC guidelines.

The aims of the study is to see the effect of using power point media on student learning outcomes. Student interest and attention to the subject matter will be further increased during the course of the learning process, that is the way of presentation and delivery of subject matter is made more attractive by using various media, such as using power point as a media through computer devices and Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The user of this media, will create a lively and interesting learning process than the usage of white board. So that by using power points, it can increase interest in learning process, which will have an impact on increasing learning outcomes.

This research was motivated by the condition that only few activities could be done during this online and long distance learning. As a result, many teachers were unable to make ICT-based learning media, especially power points. It was possible to conduct the training for making power point offline and online. For this reason, in-house training was believed to be helpful for teachers to improve their skills in making power points. This research was a classroom action research conducted at SDN 021 Pendekar Bahan from August to September 2020. The instruments were observation and interview sheets. The results of the study showed that the teachers’ skills in making power points increased. The data showed that the average score in cycle I was 60.85, and it increased to 75.42 in cycle II with good criteria. Based on the research results, it could be concluded that in-house training improved the teachers’ skills in making power point learning media.

Introduction This is a comprehensive history of the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) and its founding organizations regarding the publications, including the journals and the publication committee, and the communication tools of the organization since its inception. Objectives The object of this review is to provide a detailed and comprehensive history of the publication and communication tools of the ISSM and the people who have participated in production of these efforts. Methods Recorded Publication Committee minutes, filed letters, the various journals themselves, printed News bulletins, and Publishers reports to the society served as source documents to produce this history. The author has participated in many of the journal establishments and has kept an extensive personnel file of the events related in this history. All written history has not only relied on personal memories of these events but have been verified from the stored personal files. Printed and website stored journal and News bulletin have served as source material for this history. Also, Power Point presentations by the editors of the journals at the Publication Committee meetings have served as source material. Finally, annual, and semi-annual reports of the Publishers presented at Publication Committee meetings of the ISSM are source material. Results After extensive review of the historical material listed in the Methods section of this abstract, this comprehensive history of the communication efforts of this society has provided a rich and dynamic historical document for this society. Conclusion This extensive, detailed, and comprehensive history of the communication tools of this society help us to record and remember the events and the people involved in this process. Sharing scientific information and information regarding the life of the International Society for Sexual Medicine have been an important function of this society from early. Lewis RW. Comprehensive History of the International Society for Sexual Medicine–Journals and Communication. Sex Med Rev 2021;9:542–567.

Digital, Es importante resaltar que en el acto mismo de enseñar, se evidencian un sin número de falencias, con lo que respecta a la academia y a las cuales se les debe prestar atención y tratar de dar solución, con el fin de darle otra connotación de manera significativa al que hacer docente, desarrollando otras metodologías de enseñanza con apertura al cambio, la diversidad y la tecnología, por lo tanto la presente investigación se diseñó y se aplicó con el objetivo de diseñar estrategias de comprensión lectora a través del juego y las tecnologías digitales para el fortalecimiento de competencias comunicativas en los estudiantes del grado 4° de la I.E.R el Tambo sede Pantanillo del municipio San Pedro de los Milagros, vinculando la aplicación Power Point, como instrumento o estrategia pedagógica, apropiado a las necesidades de la población intervenida. La investigación fue desarrollada bajo el enfoque cualitativo, incorporando una serie de procesos sistemáticos, orientados a la recolección y análisis de datos, que arrojaron resultados a partir de la información obtenida. A modo de conclusión, es preciso anotar que, la implementación de la herramienta pedagógica fortaleció la competencia comunicativa y los procesos de lectura en los estudiantes de grado cuarto de la I. E. R. El Tambo, Sede Pantanillo, dejando huella y dejando claro que el uso de las herramientas TIC, hace grandes aportes a la enseñanza y motiva de modo particular a los estudiantes., It is important to highlight that in the very act of teaching, a number of shortcomings are evident, with regard to the academy and to which attention should be paid and try to solve, in order to give it another connotation in a meaningful way teaching, developing other teaching methodologies open to change, diversity and technology, therefore this research was designed and applied with the aim of designing reading comprehension strategies through games and digital technologies for the strengthening communication skills in 4th grade students of the IER El Tambo Pantanillo headquarters of the San Pedro de los Milagros municipality, through Power Point, as an instrument or pedagogical strategy, appropriate to the needs of the intervened population. The research was developed under a qualitative approach, incorporating a series of systematic processes, oriented to the collection and analysis of data, which yielded results from the information obtained. By way of conclusion, it should be noted that the implementation of the pedagogical tool strengthened the communicative competence and the reading processes in the fourth grade students of the IER El Tambo, Pantanillo headquarters, leaving a mark and making it clear that the use of the ICT tools, makes great contributions to teaching and motivates students in a particular way, Maestría, Magíster en Tecnologías Digitales Aplicadas a la Educación, 1° ed., INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................... 17 1. PRESENTACIÓN DEL TRABAJO DE GRADO ............................................... 20 1.1 PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA ................................................. 20 1.2 ALCANCE ........................................................................................... 24 1.3 JUSTIFICACIÓN ................................................................................. 25 1.4 OBJETIVOS ........................................................................................ 26 1.4.1 Objetivo general ................................................................................. 26 1.4.2 Objetivos específicos ......................................................................... 27 2 BASES TEÓRICAS ......................................................................................... 27 2.1 ESTADO DEL ARTE ........................................................................... 27 2.2 MARCO REFERENCIAL .................................................................... 31 2.2.1 Marco Teórico .................................................................................... 31 2.2.2 Marco Conceptual .............................................................................. 32 3 DISEÑO METODOLÓGICO ............................................................................ 36 3.1 TIPO DE INVESTIGACIÓN................................................................. 36 3.2 HIPÓTESIS ......................................................................................... 37 3.3 VARIABLES O CATEGORÍAS ............................................................ 37 3.4 OPERACIONALIZACIÓN DE VARIABLES O DESCRIPCIÓN DE CATEGORÍAS ................................................................................................. 37 3.5 POBLACIÓN Y MUESTRA ................................................................. 38 3.6 PROCEDIMIENTO .............................................................................. 40 3.7 INSTRUMENTOS DE RECOLECCIÓN DE INFORMACIÓN .............. 41 3.8 TÉCNICAS DE ANÁLISIS DE DATOS ............................................... 42 5. DIAGNÓSTICO INICIAL .................................................................................. 44 6. estructura de la propuesta de intervención ...................................................... 55 A. PROPUESTA PEDAGÓGICA ............................................................. 55 B. COMPONENTE TECNOLÓGICO ....................................................... 56 C. IMPLEMENTACIÓN ............................................................................ 60 7. ANÁLISIS E INTERPRETACIÓN DE DATOS ................................................. 74 8. CONCLUSIONES ............................................................................................ 85 9. LIMITACIONES ............................................................................................... 87 10. IMPACTO / recomendaciones / TRABAJOS FUTUROS ............................. 88 BIBLIOGRAFÍA ...................................................................................................... 91 ANEXOS ................................................................................................................ 95

With the development of information and technology nowadays, schools need to adapt and make changes. This research aims to investigate the application of digital media in improving students’ ability in writing a report text. This research was done in one class at one high school in North Sulawesi. The eighth-grade students consist of 30 students. In this study, digital media used was power point presentation. In collecting the data, the researcher worked collaboratively with the English teachers in the school in which Classroom Action Research was employed. The research was conducted in two cycles which there were four steps each cycle: planning, observing, acting and reflecting. The data were collected through observation check list and conducting the test after implementing each cycle. The result of each cycle showed that students writing ability was increased. The result of test in cycle 1: 76.73 and in cycle 2: 81.06. This result leads to a conclusion that students’ ability in writing report text increased. Thus, it could be recommended that writing report text should be taught using an interesting digital media like power point presentation Keywords: Digital media, Writing Skill, report text, CAR.

Background: The critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) is the frequency at which a flickering light isperceived as a continuous light. It is an index of visual temporal processing. It is affected in several diseaseconditions like hepatic encephalopathy, multiple sclerosis, age related macular degeneration and cataract.We wanted to demonstrate the phenomenon to undergraduate medical and health science students to helpthem understand the concept using a personal computer with Microsoft office power point suite.Aim: The aim of the study was to demonstrate this concept of CFF using a personal computer with Microsoftoffice power point suite in small groups to undergraduate medical and health science students and to take asurvey from the students regarding the demonstration and its outcome in understanding the concept of CFF.Material and Methods: It is a cross sectional survey obtained from the medical, dental and allied healthscience students following the demonstration of CFF using the personal computer with Microsoft officepower point suite in small groups.Results: Our results have shown that the demonstration have helped 94% of the students in understandingthe concept of the CFF. 91% of the students felt that the demonstration has helped them in reviewingthe topic.98% of the students felt that they would recommend the demonstration to future batches of thestudents. 86% of the students said that the demonstrations made the learning fun and exciting.Conclusions: The demonstration of CFF using the Microsoft office power point suite have helped thestudents to understand the concept evoking interest and enthusiasm as they were able to relate the conceptby demonstration and seeing it for themselves.

This study aimed to describe and reflect on the impact of using narrated PowerPoint converted to video as a didactic strategy used by professors at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities at the University of Namibe-Angola in time of pandemic. The investigation had a qualitativa-quantitative and descriptive approach regarding the preconized objectives. The investigation had the participation of 10 teachers, in addition to the literature review, a questionnaire was used to collect information, the results of which were analysed using a context of analyses technique and synthezid according to the convergence of opinions. The results reveal to be relevant regarding the use of Power Point as a didactic strategy on time of pandemic due to the numerous advantages that it has from the financial point of view of technological resources and easy access to the context and on the other, it develops a spirit in student’s investigation, motivates, making independent and responsible, thus taking the didactic-pedagogical objetives higher and providing students with meaningfull learning. O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever e refletir sobre o impacto do uso do Power Point narrado, convertido em vídeo como estratégia didática utilizada pelos professores da Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanidades da Universidade do Namibe (Angola), em tempo de pandemia. A pesquisa teve uma abordagem de natureza quali-quantitativa e descritiva quanto aos objetivos preconizados. A investigação contou com a participação de dez professores. Além da revisão bibliográfica, foi utilizado um inquérito por questionário para a recolha de informação cujos resultados foram analisados por técnica de análise de conteúdos e sintetizados de acordo com a convergência de opiniões. Os resultados revelam ser pertinente o uso do Power Point como estratégia didática em tempo de pandemia pelas inúmeras vantagens que possui, desde o ponto de vista financeiro, de recursos tecnológicos até a facilidade de acesso do conteúdo. Além disso, desenvolve no estudante um espírito motivacional, investigativo, tornando-o independente e responsável, levando-o, assim, a atingir os objetivos didático-pedagógicos do ensino superior e proporcionando-lhe uma aprendizagem significativa. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo describir y reflexionar sobre el impacto del uso del Power Point narrado, convertido en vídeo como estrategia didáctica, utilizada por los profesores de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades de la Universidad de Namibe-Angola, en tiempos de pandemia. La investigación tuvo un abordaje de naturaleza cuali-cuantitativa y descriptiva en cuanto a los objetivos trazados. La investigación contó con la participación de diez profesores. Además de la revisión bibliográfica, fue utilizada una encuesta por cuestionario, para la recogida de información cuyos resultados fueron analizados, por la técnica de análisis de contenidos y sintetizados de acuerdo con la convergencia de opiniones. Los resultados revelan la pertinencia del uso del Power Point como estrategia didáctica en tiempos de pandemia, por el sin números de ventajas que posee, desde el punto de vista financiero; recursos tecnológicos y por las facilidades de acceso del contenido y, por otra parte, desarrolla en el estudiante el espíritu motivacional e investigativo, tornándolo independiente y responsable, logrando así los objetivos didácticos-pedagógicos de la enseñanza superior y proporcionar un aprendizaje significativo en los estudiantes.

This paper presents three techniques of maximizing power point tracking (MPPT) using incremental conductance, perturbation and observation (P&O), and fuzzy logic controller for photovoltaic systems under environmental conditions. The objective of this study is to compare the performance between these methods, the simulation results obtained are developed under MATLAB/Simulink software. All three methods are used with a DC/DC modified CUK converter “Mcuk”, a photovoltaic system including a solar panel, and a resistive load.

Analyses are the power point of GIS because GIS can process and analyze different data such as spatial and attribute data, leading to obtaining new results for supporting decision-makers. This research aims to study two types of advanced analyses include; topographic and hydrologic analyses for the western part of Karbala in Iraq using GIS. The topographic analysis aims to know surface terrain and obtain the results of digital maps that show the simulation of the study area based on some methods and tools in GIS after creating DEM for study area from field survey methods such as slope, aspect, hill shades, and contour maps. After that, hydrologic analysis is done based on DEM of the study area, where this analysis gives digital maps that show the main and minor hydrological properties of the region, such as flow direction, flow accumulation, stream order, and basin maps. These analyses are very important for making decisions in studying the topographic and hydrologic properties of any region in Iraq, and the GIS technique offers a save in time, cost and efforts.

Sekolah merupakan salah satu dari fasilitas publik yang sering terkena dampak langsung dari bencana banjir seperti rusaknya infrastruktur dan lumpuhnya kegiatan pendidikan sehingga komunitas sekolah harus memiliki kesiapsiagaan untuk menghadapi bencana. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan efektifitas pelatihan kesiapsiagaan dengan media power point dan media video terhadap peningkatan kesiapsiagaan siswa SMA/sederajat dalam menghadapi bencana banjir di daerah resiko tinggi banjir. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan Quasy Eksperimental dengan jenis two group pre post test design. Sample diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sebanyak 20 responden diberikan pelatihan kesiapsiagaan dengan media power point dan 20 responden diberikan pelatihan kesiapsiagaan dengan media video. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah SOP pelatihan kesiapsiagaan dan kuisioner kesiapsiagaan. Data kesiapsiagaan dianalisis dengan uji indeks kesiapsiagaan menghadapi bencana dan diuji statistik dengan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dan Mann Whitney test. Hasil uji wilcoxone sign rank test nilai indeks rata-rata sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan kesiapsiagaan bencana banjir dengan media power point menunjukkan nilai p= 0,035. Hasil uji wilcoxone sign rank test nilai indeks rata-rata sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan kesiapsiagaan bencana banjir dengan media video menunjukkan nilai p= 0,05. Hasil uji Mann whitney menunjukkan nilai p= 0,091 (α>0,05) artinya tidak ada perbedaan bermakna tingkat kesiapsiagaan siswa SMA/sederajat sesudah intervensi antara kelompok power point dan video. Media power point dan video merupakan media pembelajaran yang mempermudah siswa dalam belajar sehingga terjadi peningkatan kategori kesiapsiagaan. Pemerintah dan Badan Penanggunlangan Bencana Daerah diharapkan dapat memberikan pelatihan kesiapsiagaan bencana banjir kepada komunitas sekolah sehingga komunitas sekolah siap dan siaga dalam mengahadapi banjir.

The frequency response support has been added to the new standards and grid codes for the grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems, to retain the reliability and quality of the power system under the high penetration of renewable energy resources. This paper proposes an algorithm for the control of cascaded H-bridge (CHB)-based PV systems to achieve frequency response for them. The required power reference, based on the grid operation condition, is distributed among the sub-modules (SMs) of the CHB converter considering the available power from each SM and operational constraints of the system. The details of the proposed control algorithm are provided, while its effectiveness is evaluated on a 1.5-MW PV simulation setup, connected directly to a 6.6-kV grid.

В статье описывается опыт работы учителей по использованию ИКТ на уроках. Автор предлагает на уроках использовать ИКТ в виде мультимедиа презентации, визуальных, видео, звуковых цифровых ресурсов, многочисленных творческих заданий, а также объясняет значимость применения данных новаций.

Several flexible power point tracking (FPPT) algorithms have been recently proposed in the literature to provide various grid support functionalities in photovoltaic (PV) systems. These algorithms aim to regulate the PV power to a specific value, imposed by grid codes and according to operational conditions. To obtain a fair comparison between several FPPT algorithms, each algorithm must be designed with its optimum parameter values. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a detailed analysis of the effect of various parameters of three FPPT algorithms on their transient or steady-state performance. The results of this analysis are used to obtain an optimum tuning of the parameters of each algorithm to attain an enhanced performance in both transient and steady-state operating conditions. Finally, the performance of these algorithms is compared using simulation and an experimental laboratory systems.

This paper critically reviews some of the most recent maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques developed. It outlines the methods proposed in the papers published. The different techniques are grouped for comparison into the following groups: Direct and indirect power point tracking, artificial intelligence tracking techniques and other developed methods. The paper also critically summarises the findings in terms of dynamic performance in maximum power extraction.

Learning media is an auxiliary tool effectively which can be used by teachers to achieve the desired goals. Learning media usage in the process of teaching and learning can evoke desire and renewed interest, evoking motivation and stimulation of learning activities, even bringing the influences of Psychology against the students. Learning Media research already done by observing the learning achievements before and after using the media. On the research of Alamsyah Noerseelha with the title of "research learning media use power point" in SMK N 1 learning achievements acquired Sumedang of 68.57 before using media and 80.00 after using media. With the name and title of the same study at Junior High School N 1 Cimanggung obtained amounted to 61.90 before using media and80.95 after using media. and in Junior High School N 1 Pamulihan of 67.74 before using media and 83.33 after using media. The main factors that can enhance the learning achievements and arouse the creativity of learners, namely the media and education. While the hallmark of a generation of millennial doctrines which tend to be deeply affected by the technology make it quickly bored with the monotonous thing. To address the authors offer solutions in the form of ideas where teachers use the media learning and learners practice to create a new media that he apply the learning of physics that they already get in College. Because of a growing country is the question "want to be tomorrow what?" while the question of an advanced country that "tomorrow would like for what?". The aim to arouse the creativity of a generation of millennial doctrines created new things by making it interested in the learning media that already exists.

This study is a classroom action research (CAR) about the application of articulation methods in improving the understanding of class X IPA 2 students of MA Al Mahrusiyah Lirboyo Kota Kediri. This study involved 34 students consisting of 34 women. In this study, the meeting was held for 4 times, 2 meetings applied an active learning strategy for the articulation model, one meeting held a pre-test and once again held a post-test. Each meeting for each cycle is explored with planning so that each research researcher prepares: 1. Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) using articulation methods, 2. LKS, and 3. Preparing learning methods. The results of the findings of the research conducted increased learning outcomes from cycle I to cycle II, this is also because the role of the teacher performs the learning process with articulation learning models with power point learning media.

This paper presents a novel maximum output power point tracking (MOPPT) strategy for a three-phase dual-active bridge (DAB3) converter to integrate a large-scale photovoltaic (PV) energy generation into medium-voltage dc grids. The DAB3 converter is employed as a single-stage solution to step up dc voltage levels and perform the maximum power point tracking of the PV farm at the same time. In order to achieve a high weighted average efficiency over a wide operation range, design considerations of the stray inductance and transformer's turns ratio are presented to shape the soft-switching region of the DAB3 converter in order to match the area of the maximum power points for the PV panels in the given environmental conditions. To further maximize the energy yield of the entire PV power generation system, a novel MOPPT method is proposed to track the maximum output power point of the DAB3 converter. The MOPPT is implemented by a cascaded closed-loop voltage control with the PV current feedforward compensation to improve the dynamic performance. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is validated by both simulations and the experimental verification of a down-scaled laboratory prototype.

This work proposes a Novel Reduction Power Point Tracking (RPPT) technique for Standalone PV systems. This technique enables PV System to dynamically adjust the PV power extracted to match the varying load demand in Standalone PV Systems. To understand the feasibility of the RPPT technique, preliminary studies are performed to understand operating points on both sides of the Maximum Power Point (MPP) on the PV characteristics curve for implementation. Using the Perturb and Observe (P&O) embedded RPPT algorithm, simulation studies are performed under varying irradiance and varying load conditions to verify the tracking performance on both sides of MPP on the PV characteristics. This work helps in proliferation of the PV installations in developing nations and off grid systems, enhancing their utilization factor and also reduction in investment costs for supplementary energy sources accompanying the PV System.

Resumen La oralidad constituye no sólo una competencia de comunicación, sino también de apoyo a los procesos de lectura y escritura, y por ende a los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Para estimular el desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas, incorporamos en el curso de Histología, Embriología y Teratología, de la carrera de Medicina Veterinaria de la uncpba (Tandil), guías de oralidad con imágenes de maquetas y microfotografías del desarrollo de aves y mamíferos, y de preparaciones histológicas de tejidos y órganos en formato PowerPoint. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir las características y la implementación de la propuesta durante el año 2017, y la percepción de docentes y estudiantes sobre la misma. Abstract Orality constitutes not only a communicative competence, but a support of reading and writing processes, and therefore the teaching and learning processes. In order to stimulate the development of communicative abilities, orality guides were incorporated in the Histology, Embryology and Teratology course, in veterinary medicine undergraduate program of the University of the Center of the Buenos Aires Province, with images of models and microphotographs of animals development, and histological sections of tissues and organs in a Power Point presentation. The aim of this article is to describe the characteristics and implementation of this proposal during 2017, and teachers and students perceptions. Resumo A oralidade não é apenas uma competência de comunicação, mas também um suporte para os processos de leitura e escrita nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Para estimular o desenvolvimento de habilidades de comunicação, incorporamos no curso de Histologia, Embriologia e Teratologia do curso de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Nacional do Centro da Província de Buenos Aires, guias de oralidade com imagens de maquetes e microfotografias do desenvolvimento de aves e mamíferos, e de preparações histológicas de tecidos e órgãos em formato de Power Point. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever as características e a implementação da proposta, durante o ano de 2017 e a percepção de professores e alunos sobre ela.

Culture festival of the cherry country or what is called the “Matsuri” has many and varied, that is why in every place in Japan has its own cultural festival. The Japanese cultural festival has high values for its visitors or we can conclude that the Japanese cultural festival is an activity of exchange of values to uphold the customs of their existence. Japanese cultural festivals follow the 4 seasons in Japan, namely spring (haru), summer (natsu), autumn (aki) and winter (fuyu). These 4 seasons are a technology for Japanese people and are very influential in their cultural festivals. Many festivals occur and follow the 4 seasons in Japan, and the most interesting, with the emergence of the most popular festivals, and only occur every season, namely the spring festival hanami (haru), the summer festival tanabata (natsu), momiji festival in the autumn (aki) and Sapporo festival in winter (fuyu). In this research, researchers will discuss Japanese culture festivals that affect 4 seasons in Japan. Where the researchers will introduce it through existing power point slide media. In this research, the effectiveness of power point slide media in 4 seasons as Sakura’s cultural festival, will use qualitative research methods, namely a contextual study that makes humans as instruments, and adapted to a reasonable situation in relation to data collection which is generally qualitative. This research took place at the Manado State Polytechnic Department of Business Administration. Sources of data are primary, namely data taken directly at the student. While secondary data is a literature study and Japanese language curriculum. Data collection techniques are observation and research questionnaire. The data analysis technique is an effort to systematically search and organize the results of observations and dissemination of questionnaires to improve researchers’ understanding of the findings based on the problems studied. The results of this study are research instruments in the form of questionnaires with 9 questions, 3 options given 1 - 3 and number of respondents 143 people. Each item gets the highest score, and the result = 3 × 9 × 143 = 3861. For the highest score that is = 3, with the number of items = 9 and the number of respondents = 143. The total score of the answers from 143 respondents is = 3264. Thus it can be seen the percentage value according to the perception of 143 respondents is = 3264: 3861 × 100 = 84.5%. From the results of data processing with each question, with the number of respondents 143, declared valid. This research aims to enable students to recognize Japanese characters, students can get to know Japanese customs; students can get to know Japanese culture and what Japan is like. Students can get to know the cultural festival at 4 seasons in Japan through an existing learning media, namely power point media. The students are not only taught Japanese language education, but get an introduction to Japanese culture.

The use of android-based learning media is one of the 21st century learning style applications. By using media that have been developed, this research was also conducted to find out the improvement of student learning outcomes. The population in this study were 2 class XI IPA of SMA Negeri 1 Sidamanik, where the experimental class 1 was given an integrated e-worksheet of problem based learning and the experimental class 2 was given a power point with a direct interaction model. This research uses methods and media development (R&D). The results of the feasibility analysis of the e-worksheet on the aspect of content eligibility are 4.75; language eligibility is 4,80; the feasibility of serving is 4.82 and the feasibility of serving is 4.14. By using e-worksheets that integrate problem based learning in the reaction rate material obtained an increase in learning outcomes of 82.4% with the highest value of 95 and the lowest value of 75 both of which have passed the KKM of 70. Hypothesis testing conducted yielding tcount> ttable was 3.88 > 2,042. It can be concluded that through the development of this media can improve student learning outcomes.

This study aimed to: 1) describe the implementation of the guided inquiry model with multimedia to improve learning outcomes of science with theme 6 about heat and its movement; 2) improve the learning outcomes of science with theme 6 about heat and its movement, 3) describe the constrains and solutions in applying the guided inquiry model with multimedia to improve learning outcomes of science with theme 6 about heat and its movement in grade V students in SD Negeri 1 Kebulusan in Academic Year 2018/2019. This research is a collaborative classroom action research (CAR) carried out in three cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects in this study were grade V students of the SD Negeri 1 Kebulusan in Academic Year 2018/2019, totalling 27 students. The data used were qualitative data in the form of observation and interviews about implementation guided inquiry model with multimedia and quantitative data in the form of the value of learning evaluation. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and tests. Data validity used sources and technique triangulation. Data analysis included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicated that: (1) the steps for applying the guided inquiry model with multimedia in this study included: (a) orientation with power point text media; (b) conceptualization with power point text media and picture/video; (c) investigation with the help of concrete media; (d) conclusion; (e) results discussion with power point text; (2) the application of the guided inquiry model with multimedia could improve the learning outcomes of science with theme 6 about heat and its movement seen from the increase in the percentage of students completeness from 75,93% in the first cycle, the second cycle increased to 85,19%, the third cycle increased to 92,59%; (3) constraints on the implementation of the guided inquiry model with multimedia were students still have difficulty discussing the results of their knowledge. As for the solution, the teacher provides a stimulus by focusing students on discussion activities and asking each group to actively participate in both asking and responding when the discussion takes place. The conclusion in this study included the implementation of the guided inquiry model with multimedia could improve the learning outcomes of science with theme 6 about heat and its movement in grade V students in SD Negeri 1 Kebulusan in Academic Year 2018/2019.

This study discusses the present scope and future prospects of opportunities for entrepreneurship development in solar energy sector. Solar energy is becoming a promising and viable source of alternative energy not only from the generation of power point of view but also with regards to the protection of environment due to its abundant availability and cleanness. Its importance is also increasing day by day because of decreasing price in solar panel, enhanced usage in various sectors and a sustainable source of energy. Therefore, in the rising industry of solar power generation, job prospects would rise through entrepreneurship development.

The purposes of this research are to produce valid and practice interactive multimedia based on PowerPoint at fluid preasure material and implementation in life for SMP/MTs.students. This research used three stages of 4-D models. The subjects of this research were 23 students class VIII SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman and 2 teachers. The object of this research was interactive multimedia based on PowerPoint at fluid preasure material and implementation in life that validated by 5 validators. Data in this research was primary data collected from validity and practicality questionnaire. The result of validity was 85,94% with criteria valid, practicality by teacher and students are practice and very practice with value 88,46% from teacher and 91,71% from students.

Introduction: New teaching techniques are emerging with increasing use of computer and advancement of technology. There is a dilemma in the minds of senior teachers whether to totally abandon traditional method of “talk and chalk” and use power point method for lecture delivery. It is important to know the students’ perception regarding their preference of the teaching method to help them to learn and score better. Methods: The opinion of first year dental students was sought in the classroom after one month of teaching physiology by different teachers using talk and chalk or power point method. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect the opinion of 400 students over the period of 8 years. Results: Majority (95%) students preferred the lecture by conventional “Talk and chalk” method over the power point presentation. About 15% were of the opinion that the teaching should be by conventional lecture by “talk and chalk” but diagrams should be shown by power point slides. Conclusion: The present study shows that for effective learning and teaching the conventional method of talk and chalk lectures should be combined wherever necessary with newer techniques like power point presentations.

Menurut dugaan peneliti, terdapat dua faktor yang sangat menentukan keberhasilan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Kedua faktor tersebut: 1) faktor media yang digunakan, karena dalam kenyataannya tidak ketersediaan media yang sesuai dengan zaman modern seperti infokus, infokus memudahkan guru dalam menyampaikan materi dan tentunya akan berdampak positif bagi peserta didik meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif mereka. 2) faktor metode penyampaian, karena dalam kenyataannya peserta didik tidak memperhatikan akan penyampaian materi karena penggunaan metode dalam pembelajaran kurang bervariatif yang hanya mengandalkan metode ceramah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk Mengetahui perbedaan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa antara yang menggunakan pembelajaran Konvensional dengan Metode Small Group Workdan Media Audio Visual PowerPoint.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Quasi Eksperimen. Desain penelitiannya digunakan Nonequivalen Control Group Design. Untuk melihat perbedaan hasil belajar kognitif siswa digunakan Uji t pada data pretestdan posttest.Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa sebelum diberikan perlakuan dikelas eksperimen rata-rata 42,87 dan kelas kontrol rata-rata 41,56. Dan setelah diberikan perlakuan dikelas eksperimen rata-rata 83 dan kelas kontrol rata-rata 70,25. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar kognitif siswa antara kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Berdasarkan kesimpulan tersebut, penggunaan metode small group workdan media audio visual powerpoint dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pembelajaran yang mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa.

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Universitas Islam ’45 Bekasi pada mahasiswajurusan Ilmu Komunikasi semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018 dengan tujuan untukmengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran berbasis bloger dan kecerdasan linguisticmahasiswa terhadap hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodekuantitatif eksperimen dengan menggunakan True Experimental Design Factorial 2x2. Teknikanalisis data yangdigunakan adalah analisis varians dua jalur (Anava dua jalur). Adapunpopulasi terjangkau dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester II jurusan IlmuKomunikasi tahun 2017/2018. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh denganteknik simple random sampling. Sampel sebanyak 100 mahasiswa yang terdiri dari 50mahasiswa dalam kelompok kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan Anava dua jalurdiperoleh hasil sebagai berikut :1) Hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia mahasiswa yangmenggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis blogger lebih tinggi dari pada yangmenggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis power point, dibuktikan dengan peroleh Fhitung=27,673> Ftabel = 3,072. 2) Hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia mahasiswa dipengaruhi olehinteraksi antara media pembelajaran berbasis blogger dan kecerdasan linguistic mahasiswa,dibuktikan dengan harga Fhitung= 4,265 > Ftabel =3,072,3) Hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia padamahasiswa yang mempunyai kecerdasan linguistik tinggi yang menggunakan mediapembelajaran berbasis blogger lebih unggul dari pada yang menggunakan mediapembelajaran berbasis power point dibuktikan dengan harga q0= 38,429> qt 1,65,4). Hasilbelajar Bahasa Indonesia pada mahasiswa yang mempunyai minat belajar rendah yangmenggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis blogger lebih unggul dari pada yangmenggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis power point dibuktikan dengan harga q0 2.013>qt= 1,65. Dari temuan tersebut di atas, maka dapat di ambil kesimpulan bahwa mediapembelajaran blogger mahasiswa mempengaruhi hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia Mahasiswasemester II Jurusan Ilmu Komunikasi Di Universitas Islam 45

Hypertension is a condition which blood pressure is higher than 140/90 mmHg. Uncontrolled hypertension can cause a variety of diseases to the point of death. However, prevention of hypertension can be done early. Health Promotions aim to increase the knowledge of students in Ciamis District about prevention of hypertension. Health Promotion were carried out by explanation and discussion of 130 students in Ciamis District who were collected at WISMA GURU Ciamis on March 6, 2018. Before and after Health Promotion, participants were given a knowledge questionnaire and the results were processed using SPSS Version 16. Health Promotion instruments used flyers and power point presentation. Health Promotion of prevention of hypertension early has done successful and has a positive impact on increasing the knowledge of students and society.

Teaching Grant using mind mapping method is expected to be a reference in improving the learning system in public policy seminar courses in the Faculty of Political Science (FISIP), especially the State Administration Study Program (IAN). The low condition of mastery of the problem and the lack of ability to explain problems at the time of the seminar practice in this public policy seminar course made researchers interested in offering new learning methods with the name mind mapping that prioritizes images and signs for mapping research problems as well as can be used to help The student explained the research problem more clearly during the thesis proposal seminar. This study aims to assist students in finding research problems properly, improving students' ability in formulating problems and explaining problems in public policy seminars and ultimately expected to improve the quality of seminars and the quality of student answers in public policy seminars. The results showed that in the first cycle there was no significant development of the students involved so it was necessary to do a second cycle with the addition and improvement when training and making mind mapping and presentation. Finally in the second cycle, it can be seen that there are changes and improvements in the making of mind mapping and it can be seen that students find it easier to explain the research problem compared to mind mapping learning methods that can increase students' mastery of research problems and can facilitate them in explaining the problems at the seminar. Although the final achievement of the first cycle still shows confusion and low mastery of the mind mapping theory, in the second cycle there is a change in the mastery of theory and mind mapping (students realize that mind mapping cannot be done if they do not master the research problem correctly) so when explaining the problem of research in front of the class when the seminar practice takes place can be done better. In general, the use of mind mapping in public policy seminar courses is very useful and helps students in formulating research problems, making a research background, presenting a research background in the form of a power point containing mind mapping. And the most important thing is that mind mapping helps students in explaining the research problem at the time the seminar was held.