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The Yinachang Fe-Cu-Au-U-REE deposit is located in the Kangdian region at the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block. This contribution presents petrological, geochronological, whole rock geochemical, and Rare Earth Elements (REE) geochemistry of zircons of gabbro and diorite dykes associated with the Yinachang Fe-Cu-Au-U-REE deposit, aiming to constrain the age of the mineralisation and help refine our understanding of the tectonic setting of the region. Zircons from diorite have a Palaeoproterozoic U-Pb age of 2014 ± 30 Ma, and zircons from the gabbro could not be dated because they are metamict, having a high concentration of uranium. The ca. 2014 Ma age of the zircons in the diorite indicates that the southwestern part of the Yangtze Block is partly synchronous with the Columbia Supercontinent. Geochemically, the diorite and gabbro are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs) such as Rb and U, and depleted in high-field-strength elements (HFSEs) such as Nb, P, Ti, Ba, and Sr. The diorite is enriched in light REEs (LREEs) and has a slight to negligible Eu anomaly, which are characteristic of ocean-island basalts containing mantle-derived high potassic calc-alkaline rocks. In contrast, the gabbro is weakly enriched in LREEs and has a slightly negative Eu anomaly similar to those of potassic calc-alkaline enriched mid-ocean-ridge basalt. The average combined REE content of zircons from the gabbro is 19401 ppm and is significantly higher than that of the zircons from the diorite averaging 1020 ppm. This indicates that the gabbro is closely related with the REE mineralisation at the deposit. The geochemistry of the diorite indicates that it formed at the continental margin of a volcanic-arc. It also indicates that the magmatic rocks in the region have a possible mantle plume origin contaminated by crustal material and located at a transitional zone between a rift and an ocean-continent tectonic setting.

A novel fluorescent sensor based on bovine serum albumin stabilized gold/silver nanoclusters (BSA-Au/Ag NCs) was developed for sensitive and facile detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. For this fluorescent sensor, ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AAP) was decomposed into ascorbic acid (AA) and phosphate by catalysis with ALP. The initial red fluorescence of the BSA-Au/Ag NCs was effectively quenched by KMnO4 and then the fluorescence was recovered by addition of AA. The mechanism of interaction between BSA-Au/Ag NCs and KMnO4 and AA was studied with use of the fluorescence lifetime and UV-vis absorption spectra. The results indicated that the oxidation/reduction modulated by KMnO4/AA led to surface structure destruction/restoration of the BSA-Au/Ag NCs, resulting in fluorescence quenching/recovery. The proposed fluorescence-based method based on a dark background was used to detect ALP and had excellent sensitivity, with a detection limit of 0.00076 U/L. Moreover, the method was applied to the determination of added analytes, with satisfactory recoveries (97.0–105.0 %). In a simulated eutrophic water body, this method successfully detected ALP in actual water samples and could monitor the dynamic changes of ALP activity through visual observation. More importantly, the proposed fluorescent sensor not only has the advantages of simple operation and high sensitivity but has also been successfully used on filter paper to establish a rapid and visual test paper for ALP.

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous, persistent beta herpesvirus. CMV infection contributes to the accumulation of functional antigen‐specific CD8(+) T‐cell pools with an effector‐memory phenotype and enrichment of these immune cells in peripheral organs. We review here this ‘memory T‐cell inflation’ phenomenon and associated factors including age and sex. ‘Collateral damage’ due to CMV‐directed immune reactivity may occur in later stages of life – arising from CMV‐specific immune responses that were beneficial in earlier life. CMV may be considered an age‐dependent immunomodulator and a double‐edged sword in editing anti‐tumour immune responses. Emerging evidence suggests that CMV is highly prevalent in patients with a variety of cancers, particularly glioblastoma. A better understanding of CMV‐associated immune responses and its implications for immune senescence, especially in patients with cancer, may aid in the design of more clinically relevant and tailored, personalized treatment regimens. ‘Memory T‐cell inflation’ could be applied in vaccine development strategies to enrich for immune reactivity where long‐term immunological memory is needed, e.g. in long‐term immune memory formation directed against transformed cells.

The Qiaoxiahala Fe-Cu-(Au) deposit (1.44 Mt ore @ 43–53% Fe, 0.55–2.21% Cu and 0.13–2.4 g/t Au) is located in the northern margin of East Junggar terrane, NW China. The deposit is hosted in the upper part of the Middle Devonian Beitashan Formation mafic and felsic volcanic rocks and sedimentary interbeds, and is spatially closely related to local fractures. Six hypogene hydrothermal stages have been identified, including (Stage I) early skarn, (Stage II) late skarn, (Stage III) magnetite mineralization, (Stage IV) magnetite-pyrite mineralization, (Stage V) chalcopyrite mineralization and (Stage VI) late veins. These six stages include three major mineralization events, as represented by the (Stage III) magnetite-epidote-K-feldspar-quartz-calcite, (Stage IV) magnetite-pyrite-garnet-quartz-calcite and (Stage V) chalcopyrite-chlorite assemblages. The Stage III magnetite mineralization fluids were likely of high temperature (354–386 °C), low-medium salinity (9.9–14.7 wt% NaCl equiv.), Mg/Fe-rich and organic-rich with lithostatic pressure of 1.3–1.5 kbar and corresponding depth of 4.3–4.8 km. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes showed that the 18O-rich (9.7–11.2‰) and D-rich (−26.3‰) fluids were possibly modified from the Early Carboniferous seawater interacting with the Beitashan Formation organic-rich limestone or tuff. In comparison, the Stage IV magnetite-pyrite mineralization fluids were likely of medium-high temperature (272−453 °C), low-medium salinity (2.9–19.5 wt% NaCl equiv.), Mg/Fe-rich, with pressure of 0.8–1.2 kbar and corresponding depth of 2.6–4.0 km. The Stage V chalcopyrite mineralization fluids were likely of low-medium temperature (186−270 °C), low-medium salinity (1.4–21.8 wt% NaCl equiv.), Ca- or Na-rich, with pressure of 0.4–0.6 kbar and corresponding depth of 1–2 km. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions (Stage IV: δDwater = −141 to −92‰; δ18Owater = 8.9–11.1‰; Stage V: δDwater = −104‰; δ18Owater = 7.2‰) suggest that the ore fluids were of connate marine origin. Furthermore, Stage IV δ13Cwater values (−0.6 to 0‰) also indicate interactions between seawater and sedimentary wall-rocks. The negative sulfur isotopic compositions of chalcopyrite and pyrite (−4.2 to −0.2‰) may demonstrate a biogenic sulfur source. Compared with the arc-related IOCG deposits in the central Andean orogen, the Qiaoxiahala Fe-Cu-(Au) deposit shares many common features in geology, mineralization, alteration and various sources of fluids, indicating a possible IOCG-like mineralization-style and potential to discover other Late Paleozoic arc-related IOCG deposits in East Junggar.

The Halasu III deposit, an important Cu deposit in the southernmost part of the Halasu porphyry Cu belt, is situated in the East Junggar block in NW China. Copper and Mo sulfide mineralization commonly occurs as disseminations or veinlets, and is mainly associated with Devonian granodiorite porphyry. Our detailed field geological investigation identified late-stage high grade Cu sulfide-bearing veining superimposed on the earlier porphyry Cu–Mo mineralization. Four hydrothermal alteration and mineralization stages were identified, namely the early epidote alteration (Stage I), porphyry-style alterations (Stage II comprising II-A potassic, II-B propylitic and II-C phyllic alteration sub-stages), late veining (Stage III) and supergene processes (Stage IV) in the northern- and southern mineralization zones at Halasu III. Multiphase granodiorite- and alkali granite dykes intruded the Beitashan Formation volcanic rocks, generating the early epidote alteration. Potassic alteration (Stage II-A) occurred in and around the NNW-treading granodiorite dykes, while the propylitic alteration (Stage II-B) occurred in the intrusions or volcanic wall rocks around the potassic zone. These early alteration assemblages were overprinted by the subsequent, structurally-controlled phyllic alteration (Stage II-C) confined within the granodiorite porphyry. Late veins (Stage III) include sulfide-bearing (Stage III-A) and sulfide-barren (Stage III-B) ones. Supergene process (Stage IV), represented by hematite and jarosite replacing primary sulfides, extends tens of meters down depth and is commonly fracture-controlled. Three fluid inclusion (FI) types were recognized, namely Type A (single-phase), B (liquid–vapor two-phase) and C (liquid–vapor–solid three-phase). For Type B FIs, those of potassic alteration homogenized at 183–347 °C, with corresponding salinities of 6.2–17.8 wt.% NaCl equiv. The propylitic and phyllic FIs homogenized at 172–425 °C and 231–352 °C, respectively, with the corresponding salinities of 0.9–14.0 wt.% NaCl equiv. and 0.4–10.5 wt.% NaCl equiv. The sulfide-bearing vein FIs homogenized at 243–410 °C (Stage III-A-1), 260–362 °C (Stage III-A-2) and 117–235 °C (Stage III-A-3), along with the corresponding salinities of 1.9–9.2 wt.% NaCl equiv., 1.1–6.7 wt.% NaCl equiv. and 6.5–17.1 wt.% NaCl equiv., respectively. The sulfide-barren vein FIs yielded homogenization temperatures of 260–380 °C (Stage III-B-1) and 114–297 °C (Stage III-B-2), with corresponding salinities of 1.7–9.8 wt.% NaCl equiv. and 0.2–13.6 wt.% NaCl equiv., respectively. We suggest that hydrothermal veins at Halasu III may have undergone complex and superimposing alteration due to the episodic reopening of the preexisting veins, with Stage III-A-3 veining overprinting the phyllic alteration and Stage III-A-2 veining. Stage III-B-2 veining superimposed on the potassic alteration, as well as on Stages III-A-1 and III-B-1 veining. Paragenetic sequence and fluid evolution at Halasu III indicate that these complex hydrothermal alteration stages were formed in accordance with the regional tectonic evolution. These various alteration and mineralization stages at Halasu III deposit reveal a prolonged history of magmatic and hydrothermal processes extending episodically from the Middle Devonian to Middle Permian, wherein early mineralization was overprinted by late hydrothermal events. Such superimposed mineralization may occur commonly in the Paleozoic Central Asia Orogenic Belt.

Zearalenone (ZEN) has a potential hazard to human health, and is frequently found in agro-products. To minimize ZEN exposure to consumers, a novel metal-organic framework-based immunoassay system using zeolitic imidazolate framework-encapsulated horseradish peroxidase and goat anti-mouse IgG (HRP/Ab@ZIF-L) as labels was proposed for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of ZEN in agro-products. The HRP/Ab@ZIF-L not only maintained recognition ability of antibody and catalytic activity of enzyme, but also protected encapsulated proteins against high temperature, organic solvents and long term storage. Under optimal conditions, the detection limit of HRP/Ab@ZIF- L -based immunoassay reached 0.5 ng/L for ZEN, which was approximately 126-fold lower than that of conventional HRP-based immunoassay. Moreover, the proposed method showed an excellent selectivity, and a good dynamic linear detection for ZEN in the range of 0.5 ng/L to 0.476 μg/L. The recoveries of ZEN from spiked corn and wheat samples ranged from 84.50% to 96.70% with the relative standard deviation under 8.9%. In brief, the proposed immunoassay method has potential application for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of ZEN in agro-products.

Due to the extremely complex origin, Baihetan basalt typically contains hidden joints, which strongly affect its mechanical properties. Therefore, studying the size effect of the mechanical behaviors of basalt is important to accurately obtain the values of the engineering design parameters. In this study, the distribution characteristics of the length and orientation of hidden joints in basalt rock blocks were analyzed. Subsequently, a synthetic rock mass (SRM) method comprising a discrete fracture network (DFN) model and a combined finite-discrete element method (FDEM) model was used to characterize the basalt rock block with hidden joints. The scale dependences of the mechanical behaviors of the block were systematically explored. The representative element volume (REV) size of the block with hidden joints was found to be 500 mm as determined by the size effect analysis of the geometrical and mechanical properties. Under uniaxial compression, the intact sample presented elastic and brittle mechanical characteristics, whereas the rock block containing cracks exhibited elastoplastic mechanical characteristics. The peak strength of the intact sample was linearly related to the confining pressure, whereas this relationship was nonlinear in the case of the rock block containing cracks. The brittle-to-ductile transformation pressure of the rock block decreased with increasing sample size. The failure modes of basalt changed with increasing sample size, from fragmentation failure of the intact rock to failure controlled by the local structure and then to splitting failure under the REV size. The results of this research can help advance our understanding of the mechanical behaviors and failure mechanism of basalt, so as to more accurately guide the formulation of engineering design schemes.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a prevalent mycotoxin that needs intensive monitoring. A semi-quantitative and quantitative immunochromatographic assay (ICA) was assembled for investigating ZEN contamination in 187 samples of cereal and their products from China in 2019. The semi-quantitative detection model had a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.50 ng/mL with visual judgment and could be completely inhibited within 5 min at 3.0 ng/mL ZEN. The quantitative detection model had a lower LOD of 0.25 ng/mL, and ZEN could be accurately and digitally detected from 0.25&ndash, 4.0 ng/mL. The ICA method had a high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for on-site ZEN detection. For investigation of the authentic samples, the ZEN-positive rate was 62.6%, and the ZEN-positive levels ranged from 2.7 to 867.0 ng/g, with an average ZEN-positive level being 85.0 ng/g. Of the ZEN-positive samples, 6.0% exceeded the values of the limit levels. The ZEN-positive samples were confirmed to be highly correlated using LC-MS/MS (R2 = 0.9794). This study could provide an efficiency and accuracy approach for ZEN in order to achieve visual and digitized on-site investigation. This significant information about the ZEN contamination levels might contribute to monitoring mycotoxin occurrence and for ensuring food safety.

We aimed to establish an automated versatile sample preconcentration method based on the modified immunomagnetic beads, which was utilized to enrich for aflatoxin B1 from the matrices. The critical main parameters affecting the extraction efficiency, such as usage amount of immunomagnetic beads, reaction time, elution time, and blending way were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the content of aflatoxin B1 was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, the mobile phase consists of water-acetonitrile-methanol (42:18:10, v/v/v), and fluorescence detection was performed with excitation and emission wavelengths at 360 and 440 nm, respectively. Moreover, the performance of preconcentration method was compared with the conventional method based on the immunoaffinity column. The accuracy of two clean-up methods was within the error range. In addition, the stability and recyclability of the immunomagnetic beads was studied by recycling them five times. The results for the respective analysis in various samples demonstrated that the developed extraction platform provides a promising approach that is simple, rapid, sensitive, and easy to use.

Background: Although the direct observed treatment strategy (DOTS) has been used for the control of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for more than 30 years, the disease is still highly endemic in the region. To increase ability of PTB treatment and control efficacy, we developed a new eDOTS system for reminding, monitoring and educating PTB patients for regularly taking antibiotics.Methods: A total 167 new cases with active PTB from Kashgar villages and Urumqi City in Xinjiang were involved in the study. Among them, 81 patients were from villages with 43 patients using eDOTS system and 38 patients with traditional DOTS as control. Eighty six patients were from township with 50 patients using eDOTS and 36 patients using DOTS. Findings: PTB patients from villages in Kashgar treated with DOTS showed low compliance of taking antibiotics, only 27.9% the patients took medicine consistently once the network service for eDOTS system was removed. However, with the help of village and hospital doctors through the eDOTS system, the medical compliance were increased to 70-85%. The treatment compliance with eDOTS of patients from township (100%) was significantly higher than that of those patients from the rural villages (49%) in the first 6 weeks ( Χ 2 =33.3, P

The performance of the second-generation cryoballoon has been greatly improved compared to the first-generation.But it has not reduced the incidence of phrenic nerve injury, and even increased the incidence of this complication during ablation of the right inferior pulmonary vein. Two cases of phrenic nerve injury occurred when right inferior pulmonary vein was ablated with the second-generation cryoballoon in Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University. Based on literature review, the possible causes for phrenic nerve injury in our report were summarized to provide helpful information for operators aiming to reduce the occurrence of this complication related to the second-generation cryoballoon.冷冻球囊从第1代发展到第2代，虽然在冷冻性能上有较大的改善，但并没有降低膈神经损伤的发生率，尤其在消融右下肺静脉时，膈神经损伤的发生率还有所增加。中南大学湘雅二医院心血管内科使用第2代冷冻球囊消融阵发性心房颤动，出现了2例膈神经损伤，均发生在消融右下肺静脉时。回顾相关文献，分析本组2例膈神经损伤的可能原因，以期为减少该并发症的发生提供一定的经验。.

To analyze the risk factors for recurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) after the second-generation of cryoballoon ablation (CBA).A total of 67 patients with PAF, who underwent CBA treatment from March 2017 to June 2018, were selected from the Department of Cardiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. The incidence rate of early recurrence (within 3 months) and late recurrence (after 3 months) in patients with PAF were analyzed retrospectively and the risk factors for recurrence were discussed.Among the 67 patients, 40 were males (59.7%). The patients were at 34-84 (58.91±10.49) years old and followed up for 4-15 (9.04±4.66) months. Fifteen (22.4%) patients suffered early recurrence, and 16 (23.9%) patients suffered late recurrence. Among the 16 patients with late recurrence, 12 suffered early recurrence. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the early recurrence group and the non-early recurrence group in the freezing temperature of right inferior pulmonary vein at 30 s and right superior pulmonary vein at 60 s, the nadir freezing temperature of right inferior pulmonary vein and the width of left inferior pulmonary vein (allFreezing temperature of right superior pulmonary vein at 60 s is an independent risk factor of early recurrence, and early recurrence is an independent risk factor of late recurrence after the second-generation cryoballon ablation for PAF.

Lysosomes have fundamental physiological roles and have previously been implicated in Parkinson's disease

Background Patients with brain tumor or pancreatic cancer exhibit the poorest prognosis, while immune fitness and cellular immune exhaustion impacts their survival immensely. This work identifies differences in the immune reactivity to the common human pathogens cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) between patients with brain tumor in comparison to those with pancreatic cancer and healthy individuals. Methods We characterized the humoral and cellular immune responses of patients with brain tumor or pancreatic cancer to cytomegalovirus structural protein pp65 (CMV-pp65) as well as Epstein–Barr nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) by whole-blood assay and ELISA. Results Anti-CMV-pp65 plasma immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) titers were significantly lower in patients with brain tumor compared to healthy donors and patients with pancreatic cancer. Among the responding patients with GBM, those with a weak anti-CMV IgG response also had a decreased median overall survival (p = 0.017, 667 vs 419 days) while patients with brain tumor showed a generally suppressed anti-CMV immune-reactivity. Patients with brain tumor exhibited a significantly lower interferon gamma (IFNγ) response to EBNA-1 and CMV-pp65 compared to patients with pancreatic cancer or healthy donors. This antigen-specific response was further amplified in patients with brain tumor upon conditioning of whole blood with IL-2/IL-15/IL-21. Exclusively in this setting, among the responding patients with GBM, those exhibiting a EBV-specific cellular immune response above the median also displayed an increased median overall survival pattern compared to weak responders (753 vs 370 days, p

Background Previous studies have shown that acetylation plays a critical role in regulating the progress of cardiovascular diseases by acetylated histone and non-histones protein. However, the global lysine acetylome during atrial fibrillation (AF) were not fully understood. Purpose The aim of the present study was to identify the underlying mechanisms of AF via profiling of the quantitative changes of global proteomics and lysine acetylome in the left atrial appendage (LAA) tissues from valvular heart disease patients with AF. Methods This study obtained LAA specimens from patients undergoing cardiac surgery for severe valvular heart disease. The LAA specimens were obtained from both 9 patients with AF and with sinus rhythm (SR). The changes of proteome and acetylome in the AF-LAA vs SR-LAA tissues were studied using dimethyl-labeling, HPLC fractionation, affinity enrichment, LC-MS/MS analysis, database Search and bioinformatic analysis. The acetylated levels of each lysine acetylated site were normalized on the basis of the corresponding protein abundance. Results The bioinformatic analysis indicates 294 up-regulated (AF/SR ratio >1.3) proteins and 169 down-regulated (AF/SR ratio Interaction network of Ac-proteins Conclusions This study details and expands our understanding of the changes of proteome and lysine acetylome in the LAA tissues from valvular heart disease patients with AF. The data suggest important expression differences of acetylated proteins related to energy metabolism and cardiac contraction which may be involved in the matrix of AF formation and maintainence. Acknowledgement/Funding This work was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 81600273, no. 81570310, no.81770337 and no.81870258)

Pulmonary artery-derived ventricular arrhythmia is gradually being recognized, which in a clinical context is recognized as an arterial ectopic beat. Our study aimed to provide new insights on the epidemiological characteristics, origin site, electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristics, intracardiac electrophysiological characteristics and radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) strategies for pulmonary artery-derived ventricular arrhythmia. Patients with a distance between the origin site and the pulmonary valve of >10 mm have what is known as pulmonary trunk-derived ventricular arrhythmia, while patients with a distance between the origin site and the pulmonary valve of ≤10 mm have what is known as pulmonary sinus cusp-derived ventricular arrhythmia. It is very difficult to differentiate pulmonary artery-derived ventricular arrhythmia from right ventricular outflow tract-derived ventricular arrhythmia on ECGs as both share similar anatomical features, but pulmonary artery-derived ventricular arrhythmia shows obvious intracardiac electrophysiological characteristics. Currently, conclusions based on the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary artery-derived ventricular arrhythmia, relationship between the origin site and the pulmonary valve, electrophysiological characteristics, and RFCA strategies are controversial and still need further study.

The Cuihongshan deposit is a giant Fe-polymetallic skarn deposit located in the northern zone of the Lesser Xing'an-Zhangguangcai Range (LXZR), NE China. It is predominantly hosted in skarn contact zones between marble and alkali-feldspar granites and monzogranites, with minor in fracture zones of granodiorites. Because of dense vegetation cover, complex intrusions, and contact relation between orebodies and rocks, the metallogenesis of the deposit is poorly understood. Here, we present detailed whole-rock geochemistry, zircon U-Pb geochronology of granitoids, and molybdenite Re-Os isotopic dating data. All of the granitoids in the Cuihongshan deposit area are silica and potassium rich, highly fractionated, showing affinities to high-fractionated I-type granites. However, compared with the other granitoids, the Late Triassic alkali-feldspar granites have higher differentiation index, stronger enrichment in F, W, Mo, Pb, Th, U, and volatiles with partial mineralization. The zircon U-Pb dating of the granodiorite, monzogranite, and alkali-feldspar granite yielded weighted average ages of 493 +/- 4, 194 +/- 1, and 204 +/- 1Ma, respectively. The Re-Os dating of molybdenites from the Cuibei and Cuizhong ore sections yielded isochron ages of 205 +/- 2 and 204 +/- 4Ma, respectively, which are consistent with the emplacement age of the alkali-feldspar granite. Combined with the lines of evidence from the contact relationship between the orebodies and alkali-feldspar granite, the disseminated mineralization and the enrichment in ore-forming elements and volatiles in the alkali-feldspar granite, these indicate that the Late Triassic alkali-feldspar granite rather than the monzogranite as previously reported, has a close genetic relationship with the Cuihongshan deposit. In addition, the alkali-feldspar granites occur as apophyses and dikes, but the Late Cambrian and Early Jurassic granitoids occur as batholiths. This indicates that, according to the theory that small intrusions form large deposits, a potential Late Triassic (similar to 204Ma) buried batholith might have provided abundant ore-forming materials. However, the top parts of the Late Cambrian and Early Jurassic granitoids have been denudated, which is unfavourable for significant deposit preservation and mineralization related to the 2 stages of granitoids. This study gives a significant suggestion that exposed, and blind apophyses and dikes should be further considered in the exploration and study of metal deposits in NE China. Three phases of mineralization occurred in the LXZR in the Triassic-Jurassic, namely, porphyry-skarn Cu-Mo polymetallic mineralization (similar to 250-240Ma), skarn Fe-Pb-Zn polymetallic mineralization (similar to 204-190Ma), and porphyry Mo polymetallic mineralization (similar to 180-160Ma). On the basis of regional data, the LXZR experienced subduction and collisional settings during similar to 260-185Ma and similar to 180-160Ma, respectively. Hence, the Early Triassic (similar to 250-240Ma) and Late Triassic-Early Jurassic (similar to 204-190Ma) mineralizations represented by the Baoshan and Cuihongshan deposits, respectively, are related to the early and late subduction of the oceanic plate between the Songliao and Jiamusi massifs beneath the Songliao Massif, respectively. This also indicates a potential mineralization in the LXZR in the Middle Triassic. However, the genesis of the late large-scale porphyry Mo polymetallic deposits (similar to 185-160Ma; e.g. , Daheishan, Luming, Huojihe, Xinghualong, Xingshan, and Wulugetushan deposits) is constrained by the collision of the Songliao and Jiamusi massifs.

Context: Axillary vein puncture is an alternative method for pacemaker leads implantation. However, the safety and effectiveness of axillary vein puncture become an issue for debate now. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of a modified axillary vein technique for pacemaker implantation. Settings and Design: This modified axillary vein technique refers to a novel axillary vein puncture method combined with caudal 35° fluoroscopy and surface anatomic landmarks including deltopectoral groove, coracoid process, and the first rib. Subjects and Methods: This technique was applied to 139 consecutive patients referred for pacemaker implantation between March 1, 2016, and December 31, 2016, at our department. Statistical Analysis Used: None. Results: Success rate of pacemaker implantation was 96.4% (134/139). Five patients (3.60%) were switched to an alternate approach for leads implantation. There were no procedure-related complications such as pneumothorax, hemopneumothorax, major bleeding, and significant pocket hematoma. Conclusion: This modified axillary vein puncture strategy combining caudal 35° fluoroscopy and surface anatomic landmarks is safe and feasible for pacemaker implantation.

The potential homogeneous assay employing immunomagnetic beads (IMB) has been receiving attention as a screening tool in food-safety control; the method is simple, efficient, and does not require long incubation times or complex separation steps. In this study, a homogeneous immunoassay has been successfully developed and applied in the determination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination in agricultural products by coupling IMB and the biotin-streptavidin (BSA) (BSA-IMB) system. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD, IC10), half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) and detection range (IC20–IC80) of BSA-IMB are 0.00579, 0.573 and 0.0183–17.9 ng mL−1, respectively, for AFB1. The detection of AFB1 by BSA-IMB can be achieved in 40 min (ELISA needs at least 180 min). The cross-reactivities of BSA-IMB with its analogues are negligible (

Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) are considered as a promising candidate in the field of large-scale power grids and power storage, owing to their abundant reserves and low price. As a promising intercalated SIBs electrode, vanadium-based compounds have multiple oxidation states, rich coordination polyhedron structure and open lattice frameworks. But those materials are prone to occur the irreversible electrochemical reactions and produce metastable structural materials in the process of electrochemical reaction, resulting in a rapid decrease in capacity. Herein, a novel bilayer-structured vanadium oxide (CaV8O20·3H2O)/Carbon composite material with high specific capacity and long cycling life was synthesized. The CaV8O20·3H2O in this research has overcome the shortcomings of most vanadium-based electrode materials. In the ex-situ mechanism of this study, it was proved that the insertion of calcium ions can effectively maintain the stability of the interplanar spacing of the material and carry out sufficient redox reactions. Combined with the results of electrochemical performance comparison and mechanism analysis, a uniform carbon coating can improve the electrochemical stability and specific capacity of CaV8O20·3H2O by increasing the conductivity of the material and inhibiting adverse side effects. The reported V-based carbon composite anode material exhibited a remarkable electrochemical property with a capacity of 0.2 A g−1 and the capacity retention rate was 92.7% after 200 cycles, and the capacity retention rate was 72% after 450 cycles at a current density of 5.0 A g−1. The novel pre-intercalation model may provide a new perspective for the development of vanadium-based materials in SIBs.

The Shuangwang gold deposit, located in the Fengxian-Taibai fore-arc basin in the western Qinling Orogen of Central China, has yielded over 70 tons of gold. It is an orogenic gold deposit occurring in an NW-trending breccia belt. Most of the ores are hydrothermal breccia type containing fragments of adjacent strata cemented by ankerite and pyrite. Pyrite is the most abundant metallic mineral and the major gold-bearing mineral in the ores. A total of 58 pyrite samples from main ore bodies of the Shuangwang gold deposit have been analysed for 44 trace elements by HR-ICP-MS. Sb, Ba, Cu, Pb, Zn, Bi, Mo, Co are selected as indicator elements to investigate the potential usefulness of trace elements in pyrite as an indicator in gold exploration. The results show that the supra-ore halo elements Sb and Ba, which may have been more active than other near-ore halo elements and sub-ore halo elements, are best to characterize the shape of ore bodies. Five target areas are pointed out for deep ore exploration based on a comprehensive study of supra-ore, near-ore and sub-ore halos. This study provides evidence that trace elements in pyrite can be used to depict the deep extension of ore bodies and to vector towards undiscovered ore bodies.

The prognosis for patients with glioblastoma is grim. Ex vivo expanded tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-reactive T-cells from patients with glioma may represent a viable source for anticancer-directed cellular therapies. Immunohistochemistry was used to test the survivin (n = 40 samples) and NY-ESO-1 (n = 38 samples) protein expression in tumor specimens. T-cells from peripheral blood were stimulated with TAAs (synthetic peptides) in IL-2 and IL-7, or using a combination of IL-2, IL-15 and IL-21. CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were tested for antigen-specific proliferation by flow cytometry, and IFN-γ production was tested by ELISA. Twenty-eight out of 38 cancer specimens exhibited NY-ESO-1 protein expression, 2/38 showed a strong universal (4+) NY-ESO-1 staining, and 9/40 cancer lesions exhibited a strong (4+) staining for survivin. We could detect antigen-specific IFN-γ responses in 25% blood samples for NY-ESO-1 and 30% for survivin. NY-ESO-1-expanded T-cells recognized naturally processed and presented epitopes. NY-ESO-1 or survivin expression in glioma represents viable targets for anticancer-directed T-cells for the biological therapy of patients with glioma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00262-017-2066-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ether (TBBPA DHEE), as one of the TBBPA derivatives, is frequently applied as a flame retardant. To date, however, little evidence has been gathered regarding its environmental behavior and fate. This is mainly attributed to the lack of an analytical approach available to measure it. Mass spectrometry cannot determine levels of TBBPA DHEE. LC-MS could not ionize TBBPA DHEE to yield enough fragments, while GC-MS could not be applied for the analysis either, due to the thermal degradation of TBBPA DHEE. We here designed a novel hapten, then conjugated it with a carrier protein and produced a type of polyclonal antibody capable of recognizing TBBPA DHEE. Based on this approach, a sensitive and high-throughput indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established. The respective detection limit (LOD, based on 90% B/B0) and IC50 calculated from the standard curve were 0.702 and 9.868 ng/mL for TBBPA DHEE. And the established method showed good tolerance to various matrix interferents. Using our ELISA, we measured the concentrations of these substances from environmental water samples with no pretreatment other than filtration. We found the presence of TBBPA DHEE in environmental water samples collected in Jiangsu province, and the detected concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 7.7 ng/mL. Our proposed method here could be applied to completely and systematically investigate TBBPA DHEE and TBBPA MHEE concentrations in environmental samples.

The Paleoproterozoic granitoid rocks in the Jiaobei Terrane, which lies in the southern part of the Jiao–Liao–Ji Belt (JLJB) in China, provide valuable information on the tectonic and evolutionary history of the North China Craton (NCC). SHRIMP U–Pb dating of zircons from the Muniushan Monzogranite in the Guocheng gold deposit area, as well as in situ Hf isotope analyses of the zircons, were used to constrain the ages of emplacement and metamorphism, and to understand the petrogenesis of the granite. The geochronological data show emplacement ages of ca. 2.1 Ga and metamorphic ages of ca. 1.85 Ga. The magmatic cores of the zircons have eHf(t) values of −0.51 to 4.00 (average 1.98) and depleted mantle two-stage model ages (TDM2) of 2444–2703 Ma (average 2563 Ma). The rocks show the same trends of crustal evolution as ca. 2.5 Ga tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) rocks in the Jiaobei Terrane, indicating that they were formed by the remelting of those TTG rocks. The Muniushan Monzogranite is part of a linear belt of ca. 2.2–2.0 Ga Paleoproterozoic granitoids within the JLJB. The granitoids are A-types, and are accompanied by coeval mafic intrusions and bimodal volcanic rocks, thus indicating widespread extension along the JLJB in the period 2.2–2.0 Ga. The ca. 1.85 Ga metamorphism was related to the collision of the Longgang and Nangrim blocks. The Paleoproterozoic evolution of the NCC constrains the crustal architecture and the source of Mesozoic granitoids in the Jiaobei–Sulu region. Inherited zircons of Paleoproterozoic age are widespread in the Mesozoic granitoids. In addition, Paleoproterozoic ages have been reported from lower crustal granulite xenoliths in the Sulu Orogen, and the southeastern margin of the NCC mirrors the evolution of the JLJB. It is probable, therefore, that NCC lower crust underlies the Sulu Orogen, and that the NCC was the main source for the Mesozoic granitoids in the Jiaobei–Sulu region. This view is consistent with the appearance of inherited zircons of Archean and Paleoproterozoic age on both sides of the orogen, normal δ18O values of magmatic zircons, and Paleoproterozoic to Archean two-stage Hf model ages for the granitoids.

Due to the harmful nature of 4,4′-diaminobiphenyl (DABP) to the environment and human health, the determination of DABP is of great significance and has received great attention. However, there is no electrochemical method reported to detect DABP. In this paper, perylenetetracarboxylic acid (PTCA) noncovalently functionalizes carbon nanohorns (PTCA-CNHs) nanohybrids were produced using a simple method and applied for the first electrochemical sensing of DABP. Herein, PTCA has two key advantages for functionalizing CNHs in DABP analysis: (I) PTCA could improve the dispersibility of CNHs in water and (II) enhance the accumulation capacity of DABP on PTCA-CNHs surface by means of the electrostatic interactions between PTCA (negative) and DABP (positive). The results show that the oxidation current of DABP at the PTCA-CNHs modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) is much higher than that of the CNHs/SPCE and bare SPCE. The PTCA-CNHs/SPCE has a linear response range of 5.0 to 400.0 nM with a detection limit of 1.8 nM towards DABP detection.

Iron and Magnesium isotopes have been increasingly widely applied to trace mineralization processes of hydrothermal ore systems. In this study, Fe and Mg isotope compositions of whole-rocks, Fe-bearing minerals (pyrite and ankerite) and Mg-bearing mineral (ankerite) from the Shuangwang gold deposits are investigated to evaluate Fe and Mg isotope behaviors in a gold deposit hydrothermal system and provide new constraints on ore-forming processes. The results showed that the magmatic rocks in the Shuangwang gold deposit (mainly granodiorite , monzonitic granite and lamprophyre) yielded δ 56Fe values of 0.05–0.10‰ and δ26 Mg values concentrated in a narrow range from −0.23‰ to −0.21‰. The gold orebodies are hosted by a NW-trending breccia belt. The wall rock samples (mainly argillaceous limestone, carbonaceous slate and albitite) have higher δ 56Fe values of 0.12–0.29‰ and a wide δ26 Mg range from −2.54‰ to −0.35‰. Pyrite mineral separates show larger δ 56 Fe variation from −0.44‰ to 0.16‰, whereas ankerite has a small δ 56Fe range from −0.15‰ to −0.06 and a δ26Mg range from −0.66‰ to −0.35‰. The crystallization of magmatic rocks incorporated preferentially heavy Fe isotopes, resulting in enrichment of light Fe isotopes in the residual fluid exsolved from magma . The interactions between the wall rocks and the fluids resulted in increase of δ 56Fe value in fluids and resulted in decrease of δ56Fe value in the wall rocks. However, the fluid still had much lighter Fe isotope composition. Thus, Fe in the main ore-forming stages is regarded as derived from the magmatic stock. The opposite enrichment in Fe isotopes between pyrite and ankerite from stages II and III may be explained by equilibrium Fe isotope fractionation in an open system. In addition, the negative δ56Fe value in pyrite from stage IV is indicative of the equilibrium between FeS and dissolved Fe in a closed system. The exsolved fluid from magma has Mg isotope composition similar to magmatic rock, and the water–rock reaction led to the enrichment of heavy Fe isotopes in fluid. The evolutions of Mg isotopes in stages II and III precipitation matched well with the prediction of Rayleigh fractionation model. The Mg from wall rocks contributed to the composition of hydrothermal magnesium isotopes during the formation of the Shuangwang gold deposit. A multi-origin is supposed whereby the main stage ore-forming fluids were derived from metamorphic water and were affected by the influx of magmatic water.

The objective of this study is to characterize the relationship between forkhead box C2 protein (Foxc2) and leptin under adipose inflammatory response.Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory model was conducted. Data from wild-type and ob/ob mice were used to compare the alternative role of leptin on Foxc2-mediated inflammation and browning. Transcriptional regulation and protein-protein interaction were analyzed by bioinformatics and proved by chromatin immunoprecipitation and co-immunoprecipitation experiment.Foxc2 and leptin correlated with inflammation and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) in LPS-treated mice. Moreover, Foxc2-mediated inhibition of inflammation involved downstream activation of leptin signal and promoted WAT browning. We then determined CREB, the potential transcriptional factor of leptin, was required for Foxc2-mediated inflammation in the regulation of WAT browning. Foxc2 alleviated adipocyte inflammation by reducing leptin-mediated Janus-activated kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. Importantly, STAT3 physically interacted with PRDM16 and formed a complex to promote WAT browning. Exogenous Foxc2 overexpression also ameliorated inflammation and promoted adipose browning in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice.Our results indicated that Foxc2 inhibited inflammation and promoted browning of WAT through positive regulation of leptin signal and the STAT3-PRDM16 complex. These findings identify a new potential means to prevent and treat obese caused metabolic syndrome of mammals.

// Liu Zhenjiang 1 , Martin Rao 1 , Thomas Poiret 1,2 , Silvia Nava 1 , Qingda Meng 1 , Anna von Landenberg 1 , Jiri Bartek Jr. 3,4,5 , Shanshan Xie 6 , Georges Sinclair 3 , Inti Peredo 3 , Ernest Dodoo 3,* and Markus Maeurer 1,2,* 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 2 Centre for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden 3 Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden 4 Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 5 Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark 6 Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Markus Maeurer, email: // Keywords : glioblastoma, mesothelin, T-cell response, interferon gamma, immunotherapy, Immunology and Microbiology Section, Immune response, Immunity Received : February 25, 2017 Accepted : June 11, 2017 Published : August 16, 2017 Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) presents the most malignant form of glioma, with a 5-year survival rate below 3% despite standard therapy. Novel immune-based therapies in improving treatment outcomes in GBM are therefore warranted. Several molecularly defined targets have been identified mediating anti-GBM cellular immune responses. Mesothelin is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) which is expressed in several solid tumors with different histology. Here, we report the immunological significance of mesothelin in human malignant glioma. Expression of mature, surface-bound mesothelin protein was found to bein human GBM defined by immunofluorescence microscopy, and on freshly isolated, single cell suspension of GBM tumor cells and GBM tumor cell lines, determined by based on flow cytometric analysis. Peripheral blood (PB) from patients with GBM, stimulated with mesothelin peptides and IL-2, IL-15 and IL-21, exhibited increased antigen-specific IFN-γ and TNF-α production. Anti-mesothelin directed T-cell responses could also be detected in tumor - infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) isolated from GBM speciments. Furthermore, T cells cultured in the presence of IL-2, IL-15 and IL-21 displayed enhanced mesothelin-specific CD4+ and CD8+ subset proliferation, based on ELISA and flow cytometric readouts. Mesothelin-specific IgG antibodies as well as (shed) mature mesothelin protein were detected in plasma samples from patients with GBM by indirect ELISA. Finally yet importantly, we identified distinct immune recognition hotspots within the mature mesothelin component, defined by peptide-specific IFN-γ responses from peripheral T-cells from patients with GBM. Mesothelin may therefore qualify as a viable target for immunotherapeutic approaches for patients with GBM.

On the basis of H2O2-mediated growth of gold nanoparticle (AuNPs), a novel plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (pELISA) was developed with a polyclonal antibody for the ultrasensitive simultaneous naked-eye detection of tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2-hydroxyetyl) ether (TBBPA DHEE) and tetrabromobisphenol A mono(hydroxyethyl) ether (TBBPA MHEE), one of the major derivatives and byproducts of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), respectively. In this modified indirect competitive pELISA, glucose oxidase (GOx) played an important role leading to the growth of AuNPs through a reaction between GOx and glucose to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In addition, further signal amplification was achieved via a large number of GOx molecules, which were immobilized on silica nanoparticles carrying poly brushes (SiO2@PAA) to increase the enzyme load, and the whole complex was conjugated on the second antibody. Under the optimized conditions, 10–3 μg/L TBBPA DHEE can be distinguished via the observation of a colored so...

The Wunugetushan porphyry Cu–Mo deposit is located in northeastern China. The deposit lies within the Mongolia–Erguna metallogenic belt, which is associated with the evolution of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean. The multiple episodes of magmatism in the ore district, occurred from 206 to 173 Ma, can be divided into pre-mineralization stage (biotite granite), mineralization stage (monzogranitic porphyry and rhyolitic porphyry), and post-mineralization stage (andesitic porphyry). The biotite granite has (87Sr/86Sr)i values of 0.704105–0.704706, eNd(t) values of −0.67 to −0.07, and eHf(t) values of −0.4 to 2.8, yielding Hf two-stage model ages (TDM2) 1250–1067 Ma, and Nd model ages of 1.04–0.96 Ga, indicating that the pre-mineralization magmas were generated by the remelting of Neoproterozoic juvenile crustal material. The monzogranitic porphyry has (87Sr/86Sr)i values of 0.704707–0.706134, eNd(t) values of 0.29–1.33, and eHf(t) values of 1.0–2.9, yielding TDM2 model ages of 1173–1047 Ma. The rhyolitic porp...

Lanthanide ions, the excellent fluorescence markers, have the potential to simplify the performance of multi-analytes analysis. In this work, a powerful time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) based on dual-labeled format were performed for detecting clenbuterol and salbutamol simultaneously in water and swine feed samples. Europium (Eu3+)-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG and Samarium (Sm3+)-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG were prepared and used as fluorescent probes. Under optimal conditions, the half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) and the limit of detection (LOD, IC10) of the TRFIA were 0.263 and 0.007 ng/mL for clenbuterol, and 0.179 and 0.014 ng/mL for salbutamol, respectively. The cross-reactivities of the TRFIA between these two β2-agonists and with their analogues were negligible, thus indicated high specificity and promoted the simultaneous determination. The spiked recoveries were 72.2%–102.2% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 3.4–13.8% for clenbuterol and salbutamol in water and swine feed samples. Furthermore, the results of TRFIA correlated well with those obtained by HPLC. The proposed dual-labeled TRFIA was a satisfactory tool for simultaneous, sensitive, efficient and labour-saving detection of clenbuterol and salbutamol in water and swine feed samples.

The Badaguan porphyry Cu Mo deposit is located in the Derbugan metallogenic belt of northeastern Inner Mongolia, China. The host granodioritic porphyry and the wall rock granitic porphyry were emplaced at 230 Ma and 238 Ma, respectively. The granodioritic porphyry has ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) i values of 0.70535–0.70549, e Nd (t) values of 0.41–1.17, e Hf (t) values of 1.30–6.51, and two–stage model ages (T DM2 ) of 1131–848 Ma. In contrast, the granitic porphyry is characterized by e Hf (t) values from − 0.75 to 7.28 that yield T DM2 model ages of 1355–816 Ma. The geochemical and Sr Nd Hf isotopic data for the magmatic rocks associated with the Badaguan porphyry Cu Mo deposit indicate that these intrusions were generated by the partial melting of juvenile lower crust. The δ 18 O values of ore fluids from different mineralizing stages are between − 6.0‰ and + 1.5‰, and the fluid δD water values vary from − 119.3‰ to − 140.0‰, indicating a mixed fluid of magmatic and meteoric water, the S Pb isotopes show that the metal was mostly derived from a deep-seated magma that involved some crustal materials, with a narrow δ 34 S range (− 2.4‰ to + 3.5‰). We infer that the Badaguan porphyry Cu Mo deposit formed during a period of southeast–directed subduction of the Mongol–Okhotsk oceanic plate beneath the Erguna Block.

The giant Shangfanggou skarn-porphyry Mo–Fe deposit, one of the largest Mo deposits in the East Qinling Orogen, is hosted by the Neoproterozoic Luanchuan Group on the southern margin of the North China Craton. The mineralization occurs mainly as veinlets and in veinlet-disseminated form within altered schists, skarns, hornfelses, and/or marbles. The hydrothermal alteration and mineralization at Shangfanggou took place over four stages. Stage 1 involved potassic alteration and silicification in the porphyry, skarnization and magnetization in carbonate strata, and hornfelsization in schists. Quartz–molybdenite veins associated with phyllic alteration were produced in the porphyry during stage 2, along with sericitization, chloritization, serpentinization, and silicification in the skarns, hornfelses and/or marbles. Quartz–polymetallic sulfide veins related to phyllic alteration were produced during stage 3, and ore-barren quartz ± calcite ± pyrite veins associated with weak carbonatation were produced during stage 4. C, O, and D isotope compositions of hydrothermal calcite, dolomite, magnetite, phlogopite, and quartz from different stages of mineralization during the formation of the Shangfanggou deposit range from − 12.9‰ to + 8.8‰, − 3.2‰ to + 22.7‰, and − 100‰ to − 80‰, respectively. Sulfur isotope compositions of sulfides from the ores of the Shanfanggou deposit range from 3.6‰ to 4.4‰. 206 Pb/ 204 Pb, 207 Pb/ 204 Pb, and 208 Pb/ 204 Pb ratios of 17.648 to 18.742 (apart from one magnetite with a value of 20.78), 15.526 to 15.690, and 38.197 to 39.823 in the Shanfanggou deposit. The evolution of the ore-forming fluids in the Shangfanggou deposit, as revealed by δ 18 O, δD, and δ 13 C isotope studies, was one of progressive modification of the magmatic fluids through fluid–wall rock interactions along conduits during fluid ascent, and this signifies the involvement of formation/strata water during the earlier stages of mineralization, and the predominance of meteoric waters over magmatic fluids in the later stages. The carbon, sulfur, and lead isotope compositions suggest mixing took place between the magmas and the host rocks within the region. Integrating the data obtained from studies of the regional geology, ore geology, fluid inclusions, and C–H–O–S–Pb isotope geochemistry, we conclude that the Shangfanggou Mo–Fe deposit is a porphyry-skarn type system that formed during a transition from compressional to extensional tectonics during the Jurassic–Early Cretaceous continental collision between the North China Craton and Yangtze Craton. The ore materials were sourced from magmatic ore-forming fluids that mixed with components derived from carbonaceous wall rocks during their ascent, and which were gradually mixed with meteoric waters, especially in the later stages.

Au 2 Te has previously been reported as a new mineral, although without adequate mineralogical data. Examination of Au 2 Te grains from the Sandaowanzi gold deposit, utilizing optical microscope, EPMA, SEM backscattered electron, and X-ray images revealed an apparently homogeneous composition leading to its examination as a possible new mineral. However, high resolution SEM, TEM, and micro-zone XRD analyses demonstrate that the Au 2 Te phase gives a false stoichiometry and is not a new mineral species, but a mixture of native gold and calaverite with a nanographic texture that is highly comparable to that of the Turing pattern. This finding implies that the nanographic textures of Au 2 Te composed of alternating growth layers of native gold (Au) and calaverite (AuTe 2 ) are attributable to decomposition or breakdown of the previous metastable phases during cooling.

Background Real-time radiofrequency (RF) ablation lesion assessment is a major unmet need in cardiac electrophysiology. Objective The purpose of this study was to assess whether improved temperature measurement using a novel thermocoupling (TC) technology combined with information derived from impedance change, contact force (CF) sensing, and catheter orientation allows accurate real-time prediction of ablation lesion formation. Methods RF ablation lesions were delivered in the ventricles of 15 swine using a novel externally irrigated-tip catheter containing 6 miniature TC sensors in addition to force sensing technology. Ablation duration, power, irrigation rate, impedance drop, CF, and temperature from each sensor were recorded. The catheter "orientation factor" was calculated using measurements from the different TC sensors. Information derived from all the sources was included in a mathematical model developed to predict lesion depth and validated against histologic measurements. Results A total of 143 ablation lesions were delivered to the left ventricle (n = 74) and right ventricle (n = 69). Mean CF applied during the ablations was 14.34 ± 3.55g, and mean impedance drop achieved during the ablations was 17.5 ± 6.41 Ω. Mean difference between predicted and measured ablation lesion depth was 0.72 ± 0.56 mm. In the majority of lesions (91.6%), the difference between estimated and measured depth was ≤1.5 mm. Conclusion Accurate real-time prediction of RF lesion depth is feasible using a novel ablation catheter-based system in conjunction with a mathematical prediction model, combining elaborate temperature measurements with information derived from catheter orientation, CF sensing, impedance change, and additional ablation parameters.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and most severe form of malignant gliomas. The prognosis is poor with current combinations of pharmaceutical, radiotherapy, and surgical therapy. A continuous search for new treatments has therefore been ongoing for many years. Therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is a clinically promising strategy to treat various cancers, including GBM. An endovascular intraarterial injection of TILs as a method of delivery may, instead of intravenous infusion, result in better retention of effector cells within the tumor. Prior to clinical trials of intra-arterial injections with any cells, preclinical safety data with special emphasis on embolic–ischemic events are necessary to obtain. We used native rabbits as a model for intra-arterial injections with routine clinical catheter material and a clinical angiography suite. We selectively infused a total dose of 20 million activated T cells at a cell concentration of 4,000 cells/ml over 8 min of injection time. The rabbits were evaluated for ischemic lesions by 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ( n = 6), and for tracking of injected cells, single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) was used ( n = 2). In this study, we show that we can selectively infuse activated T cells to a CNS volume of 3.5 cm3 (estimated from the volumetric MRI) without catastrophic embolic– ischemic adverse events. We had one adverse event with a limited basal ganglia infarction, probably due to catheter-induced mechanical occlusion of one of the lateral lenticulostriatal arteries. The cells pass through the native brain without leaving SPECT signals. The cells then, over the first hours, end up in the liver to a large extent and to a lesser degree by the spleen, pancreas, and kidneys. Virtually no uptake could be detected in the lungs. This indicates a difference in biodistribution as opposed to other cell types when infused intravenously.

Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH) has an important role in the regulation of body weight and energy expenditure. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms of circulating αMSH on preadipocyte proliferation remain elusive. We found αMSH was reduced by high fat diet (HFD) while leptin was elevated in adipose tissue. Leptin resistance and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress of adipose tissue were increased in obese mice. αMSH increased leptin sensitivity and alleviated ER stress along with increased p-STAT3 level and reduced SOCS3, GRP78, CHOP, ATF4, p27 and p53 levels. αMSH and leptin co-treatment alleviated ER stress through decreasing the levels of GRP78 and CHOP. Tunicamycin (TM) or thapsigargin (Tg) induced ER stress blunted leptin sensitivity and inhibited preadipocyte proliferation. αMSH and leptin co-treatment increased the cell number, augmented G1-S transition, elevated leptin sensitivity, and reduced ER stress; it also activated Notch1 signal and stimulated preadipocyte proliferation, whereas ER stress marker genes were decreased during this process. However, the effects of αMSH and leptin were blocked by the specific inhibitor of Notch1 signal. In summary, our data revealed αMSH enhanced leptin sensitivity and preadipocyte proliferation, meanwhile inhibited ER stress of preadipocytes by activating Notch1 signal.

A fast and ultrasensitive indirect competitive time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) was developed for the analysis of paclobutrazol in environmental water and soil samples. Paclobutrazol hapten was synthesized and conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) for producing polyclonal antibodies. Under optimal conditions, the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) and limit of detection (LOD, IC20 value) were 1.09μgL(-1) and 0.067μgL(-1), respectively. The LOD of TRFIA was improved 30-fold compared to the already reported ELISA. There was almost no cross-reactivity of the antibody with the other structural analogues of triazole compounds, indicating that the antibody had high specificity. The average recoveries from spiked samples were in the range from 80.2% to 104.7% with a relative standard deviation of 1.0-9.5%. The TRFIA results for the real samples were in good agreement with that obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography analyses. The results indicate that the established TRFIA has potential application for screening paclobutrazol in environmental samples.

The large Shuangwang gold deposit (&gt, 80 t gold) is located in the Western Qinling Orogen (WQO) of central China. It is an orogenic-type gold deposit hosted in an NW-extending breccia belt in the Devonian Xinghongpu Formation. Gold mineralization of the Shuangwang deposit is featured by hydrothermal breccia ores with strata fragments cemented by hydrothermal minerals dominated by ankerite, quartz, and pyrite with minor amounts of calcite and albite. Pyrite is the major gold-hosting sulfide and the most abundant ore mineral. Crystal habits, thermoelectricity, and trace-element composition of pyrites from the main ore-forming stage of the Shuangwang gold deposit were studied by microbinocular, BHTE-06 thermoelectric coefficient measuring instrument, and high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS). Spatial distribution of the above data for pyrites was delineated by contour maps of morphology index, P-type frequency, and primary halo elements (e.g., supraore halo elements Ba and Sb, near-ore halo elements Pb, Zn, and Cu, and subore halo elements Co, Mo, and Bi). Based on the above results, four target areas (areas between prospecting lines 0 and 1, between lines 14 and 18 below orebody KT9, areas between prospecting lines 30 and 34, between lines 44 and 46 below orebody KT8) were put forward for deep gold exploration in the future. These targets are consistent with the depth extrapolation of proven gold orebodies, indicating the practicality of typomorphic characterization of pyrites as vector to deep/concealed gold orebodies. The effectiveness of the pyrite typomorphic parameter for deep gold prediction seems to be chemical composition, crystal habits, and then thermoelectricity.

Increased awareness of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) toxicity has given rise to a dramatic increase in concern about the determination of these contaminations in the environment. In this paper, a sensitive, selective and rapid enzyme immunoassay of ELISA based on polyclonal antibody for detecting butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) was developed and applied in the environmental water and soil samples. The hapten of BBP was synthesized, then applied to prepare artificial antigen and produce polyclonal antibody capable of specific recognizing BBP. From the optimal standard curve of ELISA for BBP, the values of LOD (limit of detection, IC10) and IC50 were 2.5 and 79.4 ng/mL, respectively. The ELISA showed high specificity, with the cross-reactivity toward BBP analogs

In this communication, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) funtionalized graphene nanoribbons (HP-β-CD/GNRs) were prepared for the first time by using a simple wet chemical strategy, and then, the HP-β-CD/GNRs were applied for constructing electrochemical sensors for three representative analytes (p-aminophenol, p-AP; l-tyrosine, Tyr; rhodamine B, RhB). Owing to the synergetic effects of GNRs (excellent electrochemical properties and large surface area) and HP-β-CD (high host–guest recognition and enrichment capability), the highly sensitive electrochemical sensing platforms of three analytes were established by using HP-β-CD/GNRs modified electrode, and the detection limits were 0.0008, 0.003, and 0.001 μM for p-AP, Tyr, and RhB, respectively. Keywords: Graphene nanoribbon, Cyclodextrin, Electrochemical sensor, p-Aminophenol, l-Tyrosine, Rhodamine B

An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for flonicamid was developed based on a polyclonal antibody. 4-Trifluoronicotinic acid (TFNA) was used as flonicamid hapten and conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) to produce an immunogen and ovalbumin (OVA) to produce a coating antigen. Polyclonal antibodies against flonicamid were successfully produced by immunizing New Zealand white rabbits. Under the optimal conditions, the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) of standard curves was 7.89 mg L−1 and the limit of detection (IC10) was 0.063 mg L−1. There was almost no cross-reactivity of the antibody with three structurally related metabolites, indicating that the antibody had high specificity. The recoveries from spiked water, soil, tomato and apples were in the range of 82.4–113.4% with relative standard deviations of 2.9–10.3%. Moreover, the ELISA for spiked samples showed reliability and high correlation with gas chromatography. These results suggest that the proposed ELISA method has potential application for screening flonicamid in agricultural and environmental samples.

The Halasu porphyry copper belt situated in the East Junggar is one of the major porphyry copper belts in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwest China. Copper and molybdenum mineralization occurs as disseminated sulfides or veinlets mainly in granodiorite porphyry and diorite porphyry, with the intense development of zoned alteration from potassic, through sericitic to an outer zone of propylitic alteration. New LA–ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating reveals that magmatism in the belt can be divided into three periods during the Middle Devonian and Early Carboniferous, namely the pre-mineralization stage of 390 Ma, syn-mineralization stage of 382–372 Ma, and post-mineralization stage of 350–320 Ma. The syn-mineralization intrusions are calc-alkaline, whereas pre- and post-mineralization intrusions are shoshonitic and high-K calc-alkaline. The syn-mineralization intrusions are enriched in highly incompatible trace elements but depleted in Nb, Ta, Hf and Ti relative to the pre- and post-mineralization intrusions. Zircon trace elements analyses demonstrate a negative correlation between Ti-in-zircon temperatures and oxygen fugacity. Ore-bearing syn-mineralization granitoids are characterized by higher water content, oxygen fugacity and low temperatures with higher mineralization potential than pre- and post-mineralization ones. These characteristics, together with the geochemical signature of the intrusions, suggest that the ore-bearing porphyries are derived from relative high ƒH2O magma reservoir. The remarkably homogeneous Hf isotopic compositions (eHf(t) = 8 to 13) from syn-mineralization intrusions span over 10 m.y., suggesting the existence of a long-lived reservoir beneath Halasu belt during the Middle Devonian. All the intrusions have low initial 87Sr/86Sr values (0.703935 to 0.707172), high eNd(t) values (4.7 to 5.5) and young crustal model ages (650 to 750 Ma). Combined with the mantle-derived Pb isotope characteristics, the Sr–Nd–Hf data suggest that the parental magma was probably derived from flat subduction triggered partial melting of juvenile crust generated during subduction–accretionary process with no significant input of old crust, whereas pre-mineralization and post-mineralization intrusions are supposed to emplaced in immature island arc setting and post-orogenic setting, respectively.

The Shuangwang gold deposit (with a gold resource of approximately 70 t Au), hosted in a NW-trending breccia belt, is located in the Fenxian-Taibai fore-arc basin in the West Qinling Orogen of central China. Four stages of ore paragenesis are identified, demonstrating mineral assemblages of ankerite–quartz–albite, quartz–albite–pyrite–ankerite, pyrite–calcite–quartz, and fluorite–dickite–gypsum, respectively. Fluid inclusions hosted in stages I, II, and III hydrothermal minerals yield homogeneous temperatures of 300–463 °C, 220–340 °C and 100–279 °C, with salinities lower than 22.7 wt% NaCl equiv. Trapping pressures estimated from CO2–H2O fluid inclusions show a gradual decrease from 100–170 MPa (KT8 ore body) to 17–55 MPa (KT2 ore body), corresponding to mineralization depths from 3.8–6.4 km (KT8) to 0.6–2.1 km (KT2). Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic data suggest that the ore-forming fluids evolved from metamorphic water to magmatic water, and lately meteoric water. Sulfur and carbon isotope compositions show that these fluids might have originated from interaction with the host rocks with minor additional magmatic source. Based on geochemical investigations, with combination of regional and ore deposit geology, a possible genetic model with a three-step ore-forming process is proposed. The Devonian Xinghongpu sedimentary rocks are characterized by a relatively high gold content, which might provide the initial gold source. Linear folds and faults formed during Triassic orogenic processes provided the subsequent pathways for ore-forming fluids and suitable space for gold mineralization. Postorogenic magmatic activity induced voluminous hydrothermal fluids that mixed with the basinal fluids and may have started the ore formation process. Over pressure led to hydrofracturing and the subsequent pressure drop promoted fluid boiling, which in turn resulted in abundant gold deposition. Induced by postorogenic magmatic hydrothermal activity, the Shuangwang gold deposit is considered a special type of orogenic gold deposit formed in a compression–extension transition.