177 results on '"Dahllöf, Göran"'
Search Results
152. Association between adolescents' self-perceived oral health and self-reported experiences of abuse.
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Kvist, Therese, Annerbäck, Eva‐Maria, Sahlqvist, Lotta, Flodmark, Olof, and Dahllöf, Göran
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CHILD abuse , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *EPIDEMIOLOGY , *FISHER exact test , *ORAL hygiene , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *DATA analysis , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *DATA analysis software - Abstract
This study investigated the association between self-perceived oral health and self-reported exposure to different types of child abuse. It was hypothesized that self-perceived oral health is compromised in exposed adolescents. All Grade-9 compulsory school and second-year high-school pupils in Södermanland County, Sweden ( n = 7,262) were invited to take part in a population-based survey; 5,940 adolescents responded. Survey items on health and social wellbeing included self-perceived oral health and exposure to abuse. The results showed that poor self-perceived oral health was associated with self-reported experience of physical abuse, intimate partner violence, forced sex, and bullying (adjusted OR = 2.3-14.7). The likelihood of reporting poor oral health increased from an adjusted OR of 2.1 for a single incident of abuse to an adjusted OR of 23.3 for multiple abuses. In conclusion, poor self-perceived oral health and previous exposure to child physical abuse, intimate partner violence, bullying, and forced sex is associated. It is important that dental professionals recognize adolescents with poor subjective oral health and take into consideration child abuse as a possible cause in order to prevent these adolescents from further victimization. These results further strengthen that dental professionals are an important resource in child protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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153. Cognitive ability and dental fear and anxiety.
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Blomqvist, My, Ek, Ulla, Fernell, Elisabeth, Holmberg, Kirsten, Westerlund, Joakim, and Dahllöf, Göran
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COGNITION , *LONGITUDINAL method , *FEAR of dentists , *SCALES (Weighing instruments) , *STATISTICS , *DATA analysis , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Dental fear and anxiety (DFA), as well as dental behavior management problems, are common in children and adolescents. Several psychological factors in the child, and parental DFA, have been studied and found to correlate to the child's DFA. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive ability and DFA in a population-based group of children with identified behavior and learning problems. In conjunction with a dental examination at 11 yr of age, 70 children were assessed with regard to DFA using the Children's Fear Survey Schedule Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), and their cognitive ability was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. In addition, parental DFA was measured using the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale. The results revealed that DFA was significantly correlated to verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) but not to any other cognitive index. A significant correlation was found between parental DFA and child DFA. The results indicate that the child's verbal capacity may be one factor of importance in explaining dental fear in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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154. Improved Survival after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Recent Years. A Single-Center Study
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Remberger, Mats, Ackefors, Malin, Berglund, Sofia, Blennow, Ola, Dahllöf, Göran, Dlugosz, Aldona, Garming-Legert, Karin, Gertow, Jens, Gustafsson, Britt, Hassan, Moustapha, Hassan, Zuzana, Hauzenberger, Dan, Hägglund, Hans, Karlsson, Helen, Klingspor, Lena, Kumlien, Gunilla, Le Blanc, Katarina, Ljungman, Per, Machaczka, Maciej, and Malmberg, Karl-Johan
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HEMATOPOIETIC stem cell transplantation , *GRAFT versus host disease , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *CANCER treatment , *HEMATOLOGY , *GRANULOCYTE-colony stimulating factor , *T cells , *MULTIVARIATE analysis - Abstract
We analyzed the outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) over the past 2 decades. Between 1992 and 2009, 953 patients were treated with HSCT, mainly for a hematologic malignancy. They were divided according to 4 different time periods of treatment: 1992 to 1995, 1996 to 2000, 2001 to 2005, and 2006 to 2009. Over the years, many factors have changed considerably regarding patient age, diagnosis, disease stage, type of donor, stem cell source, genomic HLA typing, cell dose, type of conditioning, treatment of infections, use of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), use of mesenchymal stem cells, use of cytotoxic T cells, and home care. When we compared the last period (2006-2009) with earlier periods, we found slower neutrophil engraftment, a higher incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) of grades II-IV, and less chronic GVHD (cGHVD). The incidence of relapse was unchanged over the 4 periods (22%-25%). Overall survival (OS) and transplant-related mortality (TRM) improved significantly in the more recent periods, with the best results during the last period (2006-2009) and a 100-day TRM of 5.5%. This improvement was also apparent in a multivariate analysis. When correcting for differences between the 4 groups, the hazard ratio for mortality in the last period was 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44-0.79; P < .001) and for TRM it was 0.63 (CI: 0.43-0.92; P = .02). This study shows that the combined efforts to improve outcome after HSCT have been very effective. Even though we now treat older patients with more advanced disease and use more alternative HLA nonidentical donors, OS and TRM have improved. The problem of relapse still has to be remedied. Thus, several different developments together have resulted in significantly lower TRM and improved survival after HSCT over the last few years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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155. The influence of ozone on retention of sealing material: a clinical study
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Dukić, Walter, Lulić-Dukić, Olga, Kadić, Snježana, Erdeljac, Anita and Dahllöf, Göran
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fissure sealing ,ozone ,prevention ,flowable composite ,retention - Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the present study is to clinically analyse the influence of pre- treatment of enamel with ozone prior to fissure sealing with flowable composite material, on retention of the seal. Retention of the nanohybrid flowable composite material as a material for fissure sealing was also analysed through the clinical period of 24 months. Materials and methods: GroupAconsisted of 79 healthy permanent molars who were treated with ozone from KaVo Healozone device before the application of Voco Grandio Flow flowable composite. Group B consisted of 75 healthy permanent molars who were also sealed with Voco Grandio Flow but without the pre-treatment with ozone. Testing of the material’ s retention was conducted after 24 months of clinical use. Following values were assessed: 0- complete retention, 1-loss of 1/3, 2-loss of 2/3, 3- complete loss of seal, 4-caries. Chi square test was used for statistical analysis.Results: After 24 months of clinical use, complete retention was found on 82.3% of the teeth in group A, and 84% in group B. Caries was found in 1.3% of the cases in group B only. No statistically significant differences between the groups (v2 = 1.976 ; P = 0.577) were found. Conclusion: Considering the fact that ozone had no negative effect on retention of the sealing material after 24 months, we concluded that it can be used as pre-treatment of enamel before fissure sealing. Sealing the fissures with nanohybrid flowable composite showed a high degree of retention and consequently excellent prevention of occlusal caries.
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- 2009
156. Advances in clinical diagnosis and management of amelogenesis imperfecta in children and adolescents.
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Pousette Lundgren G and Dahllöf G
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- Humans, Adolescent, Child, Crowns, Dental Restoration, Permanent methods, Esthetics, Dental, Composite Resins, Genetic Testing, Amelogenesis Imperfecta therapy, Amelogenesis Imperfecta diagnosis, Quality of Life
- Abstract
Objective: To summarize studies published between 2017 and 2023 examining the clinical diagnosis and restorative management of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) in children and adolescents., Data: The review incorporated publications on clinical diagnosis, patient-reported outcomes, clinical trials, cohort studies, and case reports that included individuals below 19 years of age with non-syndromic AI., Sources: A literature search was conducted across electronic databases, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL, including papers published between 2017 and 2023. The search yielded 335 unique results, of which 38 were eligible for inclusion., Results: New evidence on the genetic background of AI makes it now advisable to recommend genetic testing to supplement a clinical AI diagnosis. The discussions of the dental profession and the public on social media do not always incorporate recent scientific evidence. Interview studies are finding that the impact of AI on quality of life is more severe than previously appreciated. New evidence suggests that single-tooth ceramic crowns should be the first choice of treatment. Due to incomplete reporting, case reports have been of limited value., Conclusion: In young patients with AI symptoms of pain and hypersensitivity decreased, and aesthetics were improved following all types of restorative therapy. Resin composite restorations were mainly performed in cases with hypoplastic AI and mild symptoms. Single tooth ceramic crown restorations have a high success rate in all types of AI and can be used in young individuals with AI., Clinical Significance: Prosthetic rehabilitation in adolescents with severe AI is cost effective, improves esthetics, reduces tooth sensitivity, and improves oral health-related quality of life., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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157. Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children and Adolescents With Dental or Injection Phobia: Randomized Controlled Trial.
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Schibbye R, Hedman-Lagerlöf E, Kaldo V, Dahllöf G, and Shahnavaz S
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- Child, Humans, Adolescent, Self Efficacy, Anxiety, Internet, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Phobic Disorders
- Abstract
Background: Dental phobia (DP) and injection phobia (IP) are common in children and adolescents and are considered some of the biggest obstacles to successful treatment in pediatric dentistry. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment for anxiety and phobias. As the availability of CBT in dentistry is low, internet-based CBT (ICBT) was developed. Open trials have shown that ICBT is a promising intervention, but randomized trials are lacking., Objective: This randomized controlled trial tests whether therapist-guided ICBT supported by a parent could reduce fear, allowing children and adolescents with DP or IP to receive dental treatment., Methods: We enrolled 33 participants (mean age 11.2, SD 1.9 y) whom a clinical psychologist had diagnosed with DP, IP, or both. After inclusion, participants were randomized to either ICBT (17/33, 52%) or a control group of children on a waitlist (16/33, 48%). ICBT was based on exposure therapy and comprised a 12-week at-home program combined with visits to their regular dental clinic. Participants corresponded weekly with their therapist after completing each module, and 1 parent was designated as a coach to support the child in the assignments during treatment. All participants completed measurements of the outcome variables before treatment start and after 12 weeks (at treatment completion). The measurements included a structured diagnostic interview with a clinical psychologist. Our primary outcome measure was the Picture-Guided Behavioral Avoidance Test (PG-BAT), which assesses the ability to approach 17 dental clinical procedures, and a positive clinical diagnosis. Secondary outcome measures included self-report questionnaires that measured self-efficacy and levels of dental and injection anxiety. The children and their parents completed the questionnaires., Results: All participants underwent the 12-week follow-up. After treatment, 41% (7/17) of the participants in the ICBT group no longer met the diagnostic criteria for DP or IP, whereas all participants in the control group did (P=.004). Repeated-measure ANOVAs showed that ICBT led to greater improvements on the PG-BAT compared with the control group; between-group effect sizes for the Cohen d were 1.6 (P<.001) for the child-rated PG-BAT and 1.0 (P=.009) for the parent-rated PG-BAT. Reductions in our secondary outcomes-dental fear and anxiety (P<.001), negative cognitions (P=.001), and injection fear (P=.011)-as well as improvements in self-efficacy (P<.001), were all significantly greater among children in the ICBT group than in the controls. No participants reported adverse events., Conclusions: ICBT seems to be an effective treatment for DP and IP in children and adolescents. It reduced fear and anxiety and enabled participants to willingly receive dental treatment. ICBT should be seriously considered in clinical practice to increase accessibility; this therapy may reduce the need for sedation and restraint and lead to better dental health in children and adolescents., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02588079; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02588079., (©Robert Schibbye, Erik Hedman-Lagerlöf, Viktor Kaldo, Göran Dahllöf, Shervin Shahnavaz. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 21.02.2024.)
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- 2024
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158. Late Complications in Long-Term Childhood Cancer Survivors: What the Oral Health Professional Needs to Know.
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Al-Ansari S, Stolze J, Bresters D, Brook AH, Laheij AMGA, Brand HS, Dahllöf G, Rozema FR, and Raber-Durlacher JE
- Abstract
With diagnostic and therapeutic advances, over 80% of children diagnosed with cancer become long-term survivors. As the number of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) continues to increase, dental practitioners become more likely to have CCS among their patients. CCS may develop late complications from damage caused by their cancer treatment to endocrine, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and other organ systems. These complications may surface decades after the completion of treatment. Adverse outcomes of childhood cancer treatment frequently involve oral and craniofacial structures including the dentition. Tooth development, salivary gland function, craniofacial growth, and temporomandibular joint function may be disturbed, increasing oral health risks in these individuals. Moreover, CCS are at risk of developing subsequent malignancies, which may manifest in or near the oral cavity. It is important that dental practitioners are aware of the childhood cancer history of their patients and have knowledge of potential late complications. Therefore, this narrative review aims to inform dental practitioners of late oral complications of cancer treatment modalities commonly used in pediatric oncology. Furthermore, selected common non-oral late sequelae of cancer therapy that could have an impact on oral health and on delivering dental care will be discussed.
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- 2024
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159. Prevalence and stability of blood-injection-injury phobia in childhood-A prospective community study in Norway.
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Berg Johnsen I, Wichstrøm L, and Dahllöf G
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- Adolescent, Child, Humans, Female, Male, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Injections, Phobic Disorders epidemiology, Phobic Disorders therapy
- Abstract
Aim: An individual with a blood-injection-injury (BII) phobia often avoids exposure to triggers, such as blood tests and clinic appointments, leading to potentially serious health complications. This population-based study examined the prevalence, stability and course of BII phobia in children and adolescents., Methods: The data came from the Trondheim Early Secure Study, conducted from 2007 to 2018. All children born in Trondheim, Norway, in 2003 and 2004 were invited to attend. Clinical interviews were conducted by trained personnel to assess BII phobia in 1042 children (51% female) every 2 years from 4 to 14 years of age. Latent growth curves and logistic regression analyses were used in the data analysis., Results: Just under 20% of the cohort experienced a BII phobia at least once, with no significant sex differences. The prevalence of BII phobias increased from 3% at 4 years of age and peaked at about 8% at 10 years of age, before levelling off. The two-year stability increased as 12-14 years of age approached., Conclusion: The prevalence of BII was affected by age, but not sex. Early BII phobias often recede with time, but children may need treatment if they persist from 8 years of age., (© 2023 The Authors. Acta Paediatrica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation Acta Paediatrica.)
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- 2024
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160. Dental professionals' views on motivational interviewing for the prevention of dental caries with adolescents in central Norway.
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Lassemo E, Rodd HD, Skeie MS, Johnsen JK, Nermo H, Sand K, Eftedal RK, Fagerhaug TN, Jasbi A, Marshman Z, Dahllöf G, and Høiseth M
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- Humans, Adolescent, Dentists, Norway, Motivational Interviewing, Dental Caries prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: Establishing positive oral health behaviours during adolescence should be a key priority to improve lifelong oral health. However, changing adolescent behaviours is known to be a challenge. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a method of working with patients to activate their motivation for change and has shown promising results within the dental setting. Yet, little is known about the actual experiences and perspectives of Norwegian dental health professionals in delivering motivational interviewing as part of routine care to their young patients. The overall aim of the present study was to explore the implementation of motivational interviewing by dentists and dental hygienists, employed by the Norwegian Public Dental Service, for their adolescent patients., Methods: As part of the larger #Care4YoungTeeth <3 project, a Norwegian Research Council funded four-year Collaborative Project to Meet Societal and Industry-related Challenges, an online survey was developed and administered to dental personnel (n = 168) in one region of Central Norway. Data were analysed by descriptive statistics and two-sample tests of proportions at the 95% confidence level., Results: A total of 98 dental personnel responded to the survey (response rate 58.3%), of which 37 were dental hygienists (response rate 72.5%) and 61 were dentists (response rate 52.1%). A greater proportion of hygienists reported implementing this intervention compared to dentists (78.4% versus 50.8%; p = 0.007). Similarly, a greater proportion of hygienists (83.8%) stated that they had received training in MI compared to dentists (65.6%; p = 0.051). About 80% of dentists and 90% of dental hygienists felt that they understood the principles of MI. However, only about 45% and 60%, respectively, felt confident in its use. Dental hygienists found MI more usable in their work (p = 0.052), to a greater extent want to use MI (p = 0.002) and found that using MI works well (p < 0.001), as compared to dentists., Conclusions: A high proportion of dental professionals working within a Norwegian public dental service have received training in MI. However, barriers to implementation for adolescent patients and differences in practice between dentists and hygienists warrant further enquiry., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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161. Incidence, severity, and temporal development of oral complications in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients - a multicenter study.
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Agholme MB, Dahllöf G, Törlén JK, Majorana A, Brennan MT, von Bültzingslöwen I, Tan PL, Hu S, Sim YF, and Hong C
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- Humans, Child, Prospective Studies, Incidence, Quality of Life, Activities of Daily Living, Pain etiology, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Stomatitis epidemiology, Stomatitis etiology, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation adverse effects, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation methods
- Abstract
Purpose: Oral mucositis is a common complication for patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and causes pain and difficulties in functions like eating and swallowing, resulting in lower quality of life and greater need of treatment with opioids and parenteral nutrition. This prospective multicenter study focused on pediatric recipients of HSCT in the neutropenic phase concerning oral complications, timing, severity, and patient experience., Methods: The cohort comprised 68 patients, median age 11.1 years (IQR 6.3) receiving allogeneic HSCT at three clinical sites. Medical records were retrieved for therapy regimens, concomitant medications, oral and dental history, and subjective oral complaints. Calibrated dentists conducted an oral and dental investigation before HSCT. After HSCT graft infusion, study personnel made bedside assessments and patients filled out a questionnaire once or twice a week until neutrophil engraftment., Results: We followed 63 patients through the neutropenic phase until engraftment. 50% developed oral mucositis of grades 2-4. Peak severity occurred at 8-11 days after stem cell infusion. Altogether, 87% had subjective oral complaints. The temporal distribution of adverse events is similar to the development of oral mucositis. The most bothersome symptoms were blisters and oral ulcerations, including mucositis; 40% reported severe pain and major impact on activities of daily living despite continuous use of opioids., Conclusion: This study highlights the burden of oral complications and their negative effect on the health and quality of life of HSCT recipients., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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162. Associations of adverse childhood experiences with caries and toothbrushing in adolescents. The Young-HUNT4 Survey.
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Myran L, Sen A, Willumsen T, Havnen A, Kvist T, Rønneberg A, Dahllöf G, and Høvik H
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- Humans, Adolescent, Toothbrushing, Dental Caries Susceptibility, Surveys and Questionnaires, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Dental Caries epidemiology, Dental Caries etiology
- Abstract
Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with poor oral health. Using a life course theoretical framework, this study explored the associations of specific and cumulative ACEs with caries and toothbrushing frequency in a Norwegian adolescent population., Methods: Participants were adolescents (n = 6351) age 13-17 years from The Young-HUNT4 Survey. Clinical data were retrieved from dental health records. Oral health outcomes were toothbrushing frequency, dentine caries experience (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth - DMFT), and enamel caries. ACE exposure variables were physical abuse, sexual abuse, witness to violence, parental separation/divorce, parental alcohol problems, and bully victimization. Negative binominal regression models (incident rate ratios, IRRs; 95% confidence intervals, CIs) were used to determine the associations of the various ACEs with caries; logistic regression analyses (odds ratios, ORs; 95% CIs) were used to estimate associations with toothbrushing frequency. Potential effect modification by age was assessed using likelihood ratio test., Results: Adolescents exposed to physical abuse by others, sexual abuse by peers, parental separation/divorce, bullying, or who had witnessed violence, were more likely to report non-daily toothbrushing compared with those with no exposure to the given ACEs. Each cumulative increase in ACE exposure was associated with a 30% higher likelihood of non-daily toothbrushing (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.19-1.42). Similarly, increasing number of adversities were associated with both higher dentine caries experience (IRR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.09) and higher enamel caries (IRR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03-1.11). This effect was modified by age (13-15 vs. 16-17 years) for dentine caries experience. Furthermore, there was evidence of effect modification by age with bully victimization for both toothbrushing frequency (P
interaction = 0.014) and dentine caries experience (Pinteraction < 0.001). Specifically, bully victimization was associated with a higher likelihood of non-daily toothbrushing (OR 2.59, 95% CI 1.80-3.72) and higher dentine caries experience (IRR 1.30, 95% CI 1.14-1.50) among 16-17-year-olds., Conclusions: Several specific ACEs were associated with non-daily toothbrushing and a higher caries experience among Norwegian adolescents in the Young-HUNT4 Survey., (© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2023
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163. Correction: Dental caries at enamel and dentine level among European adolescents - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Skeie MS, Sen A, Dahllöf G, Fagerhaug TN, Høvik H, and Klock KS
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- 2023
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164. Dental caries at enamel and dentine level among European adolescents - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Skeie MS, Sen A, Dahllöf G, Fagerhaug TN, Høvik H, and Klock KS
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- Adolescent, Humans, Young Adult, Adult, Child, Dental Enamel pathology, Prevalence, Dentin, European People, Dental Caries prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: In contrast with the last century, caries epidemiology has begun integrating enamel caries into determinations of caries prevalence and experience. The objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the caries status including estimations of enamel caries, of European adolescents., Method: Four databases (Medline Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, and SweMed+) were systematically searched from 1 January 2000 through 20 September 2021 for peer-reviewed publications on caries prevalence and caries experience in 12-19-year-olds; that also included evaluations of enamel lesions. Summary estimates were calculated using random effect model., Results: Overall, 30 publications were selected for the systematic review covering 25 observational studies. Not all studies could be used in the meta-analyses. Caries prevalence was 77% (n = 22 studies). Highest prevalence was reported in the age groups 16-19 years, and in studies where caries examinations were done before 2010. The overall mean DMFT score was 5.93 (n = 14 studies) and it was significantly lower among Scandinavian adolescents than among other European adolescents (4.43 vs. 8.89). The proportion of enamel caries (n = 7 studies) was 50%, and highest in the lowest age group (12-15 years). Results from the present systematic review reflected the caries distribution to be skewed at individual-, tooth- and surface levels; at tooth and surface level, also changed according to age., Conclusions: Although studies in which the caries examinations had been done in 2010 or later documented a reduction in caries prevalence, caries during adolescence still constitutes a burden. Thus, the potential for preventing development of more severe caries lesions, as seen in the substantial volume of enamel caries during early adolescence, should be fully exploited. For this to happen, enamel caries should be a part of epidemiological reporting in national registers., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
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165. Association between self-reported dental fear and exposure to violence among adolescents-A population-based study.
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Noirrit-Esclassan E, Annerbäck EM, Cuhna Soares F, Dahllöf G, and Kvist T
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- Adolescent, Dental Anxiety, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Self Report, Violence, Exposure to Violence, Intimate Partner Violence
- Abstract
Background: The etiology of dental fear (DF) is multifactorial and involves other contributing factors than dental traumatic experiences., Aim: To study, among adolescents, associations between DF and exposure to child physical abuse (CPA), intimate partner violence (IPV), and bullying., Design: We extracted data from a population-based survey of 4977 adolescents who were 15-17 years old in 2017. The questionnaire queried socioeconomic background factors, DF, self-perceived oral health, general health, and exposure to child abuse. To estimate associations between DF and exposure to child abuse, we used multivariate logistic regression analysis., Results: Overall, 8.2% reported DF, girls (10.5%) reported DF significantly more often than boys (5%), and adolescents not identifying themselves as girl or boy reported the highest prevalence of DF (25.5%; p < .001). 15.3% had been exposed to child physical abuse; 11.1%, to IPV; and 11.2%, to bullying. Experiences of IPV and bullying, but not physical abuse, were statistically significantly associated with DF. The odds of developing DF for adolescents exposed to any type of violence was 1.9 times the odds for adolescents with no exposure to child abuse., Conclusion: Exposure to violence is associated with dental fear in adolescents., (© 2022 The Authors. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry published by BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2022
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166. Acculturation and 4-year caries increment among children of foreign-born mothers in Sweden: a register-based cohort study.
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Granlund A, Soares FC, Hjern A, Dahllöf G, and Julihn A
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- Acculturation, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Dental Caries Susceptibility, Female, Humans, Sweden epidemiology, Young Adult, Dental Caries epidemiology, Mothers
- Abstract
Background: To study the association of maternal age upon arrival and length of residence in Sweden with the 4-year caries increment in their children between ages 3 and 7 years in relation to the human development index (HDI) of the maternal country of origin., Method: This registry-based cohort study included all children born in 2000-2003 who resided in Stockholm County, Sweden, at age 3 years and who were followed up at age 7 (n = 63,931). Negative binomial regressions were used to analyze different models adjusted for sociodemographic factors., Results: Children of foreign-born mothers, regardless of the HDI of the maternal country of origin, had a higher risk of caries increment between ages 3 and 7 years than children of Swedish-born mothers. Furthermore, children of mothers who had arrived from a low or medium HDI country had a lower caries increment if their mothers arrived before age 7 compared with after age 7. Nearly half (44%) of the children whose mothers arrived in Sweden at age ≥ 20 years from a low HDI country had a caries increment compared to 22% of the children whose mothers had arrived in Sweden before 7 years of age. Furthermore, children whose mothers were born in a low HDI country and had resided in Sweden ≤ 19 years had approximately 1.5 times higher risk of caries increment compared to children of mothers who had resided in Sweden for more than 20 years., Conclusions: Caries increment in the children of foreign-born mothers was associated with the age of their mother when she arrived in Sweden and was lower when the mother had arrived before age 7 years. This indicates an intergenerational effect that carries over to the children and is greater the longer the mother has participated in Swedish dental healthcare., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
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167. Cost analysis of prosthetic rehabilitation in young patients with Amelogenesis imperfecta.
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Pousette Lundgren G, Davidson T, and Dahllöf G
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- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Costs and Cost Analysis, Crowns, Humans, Sweden, Young Adult, Amelogenesis Imperfecta complications
- Abstract
Objectives: Children and adolescents with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) have extensive treatment needs, but costs have not been explored previously. We calculated the costs of prosthetic rehabilitation and analyzed whether costs of treatment begun in early adolescence are lower compared with in early adulthood., Methods: Data from the dental records of 25 patients with AI and 25 age- and sex-matched controls were analyzed. Patients were followed for a mean period of 12.3 ± 1.5 years. Number of dental visits, dental treatment costs, and indirect costs were calculated during three time periods, before, during and after prosthetic therapy. Swedish national reference prices for general and specialist dental care were used., Results: The mean number of visits was significantly higher in the AI group: 43.3 ± 19.7 (controls: 17.5 ± 19.8; p < .001). Mean total costs were 8.5 times higher for patients with AI: €16,257 ± 5,595 (controls: €1,904 ± 993). Mean number of crowns made in patients with AI was 12 ± 7 (range 1 - 31). Indirect costs were significantly higher in the AI group and constituted 22% of the total costs. After crown therapy, costs between groups ceased to differ significantly. Calculations of total costs in the hypothetical scenario (discount rate at 3% annually) were €18,475 for prosthetic rehabilitation began at age 12 years compared with €20,227 if treatment began at 20 years of age., Conclusions: Prosthetic rehabilitation costs for children and adolescents with AI can be high. Early crown therapy is associated with lower costs and a lower number of dental visits., Clinical Implications: Early crown therapy in children and adolescents with severe AI is a cost-reducing treatment associated with few complications and reduced need of dental care during adolescence compared with treatment begun at age 20., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2021
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168. Abnormalities in Tooth Formation after Early Bisphosphonate Treatment in Children with Osteogenesis Imperfecta.
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Malmgren B, Thesleff I, Dahllöf G, Åström E, and Tsilingaridis G
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- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Diphosphonates therapeutic use, Humans, Odontogenesis, Sweden epidemiology, Young Adult, Osteogenesis Imperfecta complications, Osteogenesis Imperfecta drug therapy, Tooth
- Abstract
Treatment with intravenous bisphosphonate (BP) in children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) started in Sweden in 1991. No human studies on the role of BP therapy in development of disturbances in tooth mineralization or tooth morphology have been published. The study cohort comprised 219 individuals who were divided into four groups: group 1, BP treatment onset before 2 years of age (n = 22); group 2, BP treatment onset between 2 and 6 years of age (n = 20); group 3, BP treatment onset between 6 and 10 years of age (n = 13); and a control group of patients with OI who had not received BP therapy (n = 164). The chi-square test was used in between-group comparisons of the prevalence of tooth agenesis. The prevalence of tooth agenesis was significantly higher in children who began BP treatment before the age of 2 years (group 1; 59%,) compared to the controls (10%; p < 0.001) and to children who had begun BP therapy between ages 2 and 6 years (group 2; 10%; p = 0.009) or between ages 6 and 10 years (group 3; 8%; p = 0.003). Different types of disturbances in the enamel formation were seen in 52 premolars, where 51 were seen in those who began BP treatment before the age of 2 years. To conclude, starting BP treatment before the age of 2 years increases the risk of abnormalities in tooth formation manifesting as morphological aberrations, tooth agenesis, and enamel defects., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
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169. Self-reported symptoms of temporomandibular pain and jaw dysfunction in adolescents are associated with exposure to violence.
- Author
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Nascimento M, Dahllöf G, Cunha Soares F, Mayer TMAS, Kvist T, and Colares V
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Facial Pain epidemiology, Facial Pain etiology, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Self Report, Exposure to Violence
- Abstract
Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are multifactorial, and high levels of stress seem to increase symptoms. The association with exposure to violence has not been explored in adolescent populations., Objective: To examine the association of self-reported symptoms of temporomandibular pain and jaw dysfunction with child physical abuse, intimate partner violence, forced sexual intercourse, and bullying victimisation., Methods: An epidemiological, cross-sectional, school-based study was conducted in Olinda, northeast Brazil. The sample comprised 2,431 adolescents aged 14-19 years. TMD-related symptoms and exposure to violence were assessed with questions from the 3Q/TMD screener and queries on exposure to different forms of violence. Multilevel logistic regressions were conducted to evaluate how 3Q screen-positive responses are associated with self-reported exposure to violence., Results: Self-reported TMD-related symptoms had a prevalence of 40.5%. Significantly more females than males screened positive to all 3Q/TMD questions (p < .001). Adolescents experiencing intimate partner violence (p = .012) and bullying (p < .001) had significantly higher odds of 3Q positive responses than those who reported no exposure to violence. Significant associations of TMD-related symptoms with forced sexual intercourse (p = .014) and with bullying (p = .007) were observed., Conclusion: Adolescents with self-reported symptoms of temporomandibular pain and jaw dysfunction were significantly more often exposed to some type of violence. The number of adolescents reporting TMD-related symptoms increased in a dose-response manner with the number of violence forms the individual had experienced., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2021
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170. Effectiveness of Early Preventive Intervention with Semiannual Fluoride Varnish Application in Toddlers Living in High-Risk Areas: A Stratified Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.
- Author
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Anderson M, Dahllöf G, Twetman S, Jansson L, Bergenlid AC, and Grindefjord M
- Subjects
- Cariostatic Agents therapeutic use, Chile, Dental Caries drug therapy, Fluorides, Topical, Humans, Infant, Paint, Prevalence, Probiotics, Fluorides therapeutic use
- Abstract
This study evaluated whether toddlers in an extended preventive program of semiannual fluoride varnish applications from 1 year of age had a lower incidence of caries than those undergoing a standard program. A cohort of 1-year-old children (n = 3,403) living in multicultural areas of low socioeconomic standing in Stockholm participated in a cluster-randomized controlled field trial with two parallel arms. The children attended 23 dental clinics. Using the ICDAS II criteria, the examiners recorded caries at baseline and after 1 and 2 years. The children in the reference group received a standardized oral health program once yearly between 1 and 3 years of age. The children in the test group received the same standard program supplemented with topical applications of fluoride varnish every 6 months. We compared the test group and the reference group for the prevalence and increment of caries. At baseline, 5% of the children had already developed caries (ICDAS II 1-6). We reexamined the children after 1 year (n = 2,675) and after 2 years (n = 2,536). Neither prevalence nor caries increment differed between the groups. At 3 years of age, 12% of the children had developed moderate and severe carious lesions (ICDAS II 3-6), with a mean increment of 0.5 (SD 2.4) in the test group and 0.6 (SD 2.2) in the reference group. In conclusion, semiannual professional applications of fluoride varnish, as a supplement to a standard oral health program, failed to reduce caries development in toddlers from high-risk communities., (© 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
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- 2016
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171. Children and parents' experiences of cognitive behavioral therapy for dental anxiety--a qualitative study.
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Shahnavaz S, Rutley S, Larsson K, and Dahllöf G
- Subjects
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Fear, Female, Humans, Male, Qualitative Research, Young Adult, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dental Anxiety psychology, Dental Anxiety therapy, Parents psychology
- Abstract
Background: There is a high prevalence of dental anxiety in children and adolescents. Cognitive behavioral therapy is emerging as a treatment option., Aim: The purpose of this study is to explore how children with dental anxiety and their parents experience cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in dentistry., Design: We interviewed 12 children and one of their parents and conducted a thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews., Results: Perspective shift emerged as overarching theme in our thematic analysis. This theme consisted of three main themes, which were mastery, safety, and reduced fear. Six subthemes were also identified according to our analyses. Mastery includes two subthemes, gradual exposure and autonomy and control. Subthemes and sources for safety feeling were therapeutic alliance and changed appraisal. The theme reduced fear also consisted of two subthemes; reduced anticipatory anxiety and coping., Conclusions: The results show that parents and children had positive experiences of CBT and its outcome and were able to benefit from this psychological treatment when dealing with dental anxiety., (© 2015 BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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172. Reduced intensity conditioning and oral care measures prevent oral mucositis and reduces days of hospitalization in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients.
- Author
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Legert KG, Remberger M, Ringdén O, Heimdahl A, and Dahllöf G
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols administration & dosage, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols adverse effects, Busulfan administration & dosage, Busulfan adverse effects, Busulfan analogs & derivatives, Child, Cyclophosphamide administration & dosage, Cyclophosphamide adverse effects, Female, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation adverse effects, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Oral Hygiene methods, Prednisone administration & dosage, Prednisone adverse effects, Sirolimus administration & dosage, Sirolimus adverse effects, Stomatitis etiology, Transplantation Conditioning adverse effects, Vidarabine administration & dosage, Vidarabine adverse effects, Vidarabine analogs & derivatives, Whole-Body Irradiation, Young Adult, Hematologic Neoplasms drug therapy, Hematologic Neoplasms surgery, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation methods, Stomatitis prevention & control, Transplantation Conditioning methods
- Abstract
Purpose: Oral mucositis (OM) is a side effect of intensive chemotherapy and radiation and has been reported to affect 75-100% of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of OM in patients conditioned with myeloablative conditioning (MAC) to reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) and to determine the effect of a new oral care protocol., Methods: The study involved 171 HSCT recipients, with hematological malignancies transplanted between 2007 and 2011. Median age of the patients was 50 years (range 12-71). Ninety-nine (58%) received RIC and 72 received MAC. Clinical features of OM were recorded from day -3 before to day +25 after HSCT using the World Health Organization (WHO) scoring system and the oral mucositis assessment score (OMAS)., Results: Overall, 87% of the patients developed OM of any severity, which peaked on days 10-11. The mean WHO score was 1.7. In multivariate analysis, the severity of OM was associated with MAC (relative hazard (RH) 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37-1.80, p < 0.001), all donor-recipient gender combinations except female-to-male (RH = 1.26, 95% CI 1.10-1.4, p = 0.001), and early year of HSCT (RH = 0.84, 95%CI 0.7-0.96, p = 0.013). There was a correlation between long hospitalization and OM (day 15, r = 0.31, p < 0.001). There was a good correlation between the WHO and OMAS scoring systems for OM (r = 0.74, p < 0.001)., Conclusions: Oral mucositis was reduced in patients treated with RIC and in patients treated during recent years, when oral care was intensified. Increased scores of OM prolonged hospitalization.
- Published
- 2014
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173. Human papillomavirus prevalence is high in oral samples of patients with tonsillar and base of tongue cancer.
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Nordfors C, Vlastos A, Du J, Ahrlund-Richter A, Tertipis N, Grün N, Romanitan M, Haeggblom L, Roosaar A, Dahllöf G, Donà MG, Benevolo M, Ramqvist T, Munck-Wikland E, and Dalianis T
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, DNA, Viral analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Papillomaviridae genetics, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Papillomaviridae isolation & purification, Tongue Neoplasms virology, Tonsillar Neoplasms virology
- Abstract
Material and Methods: Presence of HPV DNA was analyzed in mouthwash and tonsillar swab samples, if indicative of HPV-positive tonsillar or base of tongue cancer in 76 patients, with suspected head neck cancer, undergoing diagnostic endoscopy at Karolinska University Hospital. The diagnosis and tumor HPV status was later obtained from patients' records. As controls, 37 tumor-free dental visitors were included., Results: Of the 76 patients, 22/29 (76%) and 16/18 (89%) had an HPV-positive tonsillar and base of tongue cancer respectively, with 18/22 (82%) and 8/16 (50%) respectively having tumor concordant HPV-type positive oral samples. Two other HPV-positive oral samples in the base of tongue cancer group did not correlate to the tumor HPV status. Among the remaining patients, 19 with other head neck cancer and 10 with benign conditions, 4/29 (14%) had HPV-positive oral samples. Consequently, of the HPV-positive oral samples, dominated by HPV16 and high signals, 27/32 (84%) were derived from 26 patients with concordant HPV-type positive tonsillar or base of tongue cancer and one patient with an unknown primary head and neck cancer. The other five HPV-positive oral samples, with mainly low signals were derived from two patients with non-concordant HPV-type positive tumor biopsies, two patients with HPV-negative tumor biopsies and a patient with a benign condition. Of the dental patients, 3/37 (8%) had HPV-positive tonsillar swabs with weak signals., Conclusion: In patients with suspected head neck cancer, HPV-positive oral samples, especially HPV16 with high signals, could be indicative of HPV-positive tonsillar or base of tongue cancer., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
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174. Xerostomia in children and adolescents after stem cell transplantation conditioned with total body irradiation or busulfan.
- Author
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Dahllöf G, Wondimu B, Barr-Agholme M, Garming-Legert K, Remberger M, and Ringdén O
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Saliva metabolism, Surveys and Questionnaires, Transplantation Conditioning methods, Treatment Outcome, Whole-Body Irradiation, Busulfan adverse effects, Cyclophosphamide adverse effects, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation adverse effects, Immunosuppressive Agents adverse effects, Transplantation Conditioning adverse effects, Xerostomia chemically induced
- Abstract
To study salivary secretion rates and symptoms of xerostomia in children and adolescents conditioned with either radiation therapy or with chemotherapy only in the setting of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Thirty patients conditioned with 10 Gy single dose TBI (sTBI) and cyclophosphamide (Cy) 60 mg/kg for two days and 35 conditioned busulfan (Bu) and Cy as part of the preparative regimen were included in the study. All patients were treated before 13 years of age, and had survived 2-16 years after HSCT. All patients were interviewed according to a standard questionnaire on symptoms of xerostomia and the unstimulated and stimulated whole salivary secretion rate was determined. The stimulated salivary secretion rates were 0.8±0.5 ml/min in sTBI/Cy group compared to 1.1±0.6 ml/min in the Bu/Cy group (p=0.01). Dysfunction of either unstimulated or stimulated salivary secretion rates were found in 18/30 (60%) in sTBI/Cy group and 9/35 (26%) in Bu/Cy group (p<0.01). There were no differences regarding the number of xerostomia related symptoms in children conditioned with either sTBI/Cy or Bu/Cy. Both unstimulated and stimulated salivary secretion rates were inversely correlated to the total number of complaints of xerostomia. This study shows that children exhibit xerostomia after HSCT irrespective of conditioning with busulfan or sTBI. It is of importance that salivary function is evaluated and that both salivary function as well as the subjective feeling of mouth dryness is evaluated., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
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175. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry.
- Author
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Dahllöf G
- Subjects
- Humans, Journal Impact Factor, Pediatric Dentistry, Periodicals as Topic
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
176. Late effects following hematopoietic cell transplantation for children.
- Author
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Dahllöf G, Hingorani SR, and Sanders JE
- Subjects
- Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Endocrine System Diseases etiology, Endocrine System Diseases therapy, Graft vs Host Disease etiology, Graft vs Host Disease therapy, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation methods, Humans, Lung Diseases, Osteoporosis, Recurrence, Time Factors, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation adverse effects
- Abstract
High-dose chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy followed by hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is being used for an ever increasing number of children with malignant or nonmalignant disorders, and improved results are leading to an ever increasing number of long-term survivors. Understanding the delayed effects that may occur after HCT is important in determining the evaluations to perform for this unique group of patients. The articles that follow detail what has been observed to date regarding the oral cavity and dental late effects, the kidney after HCT, and the evaluations to perform to determine late effects when patients return to the centers after their HCT.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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177. Oral and dental late effects after pediatric stem cell transplantation.
- Author
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Dahllöf G
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Agents adverse effects, Child, Dental Caries, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation methods, Humans, Salivary Gland Diseases, Time Factors, Whole-Body Irradiation adverse effects, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation adverse effects, Stomatognathic Diseases etiology
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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