333 results on '"Griffin, Michael"'
Search Results
152. Non-Linear Characteristics in the Dynamic Responses of Seated Subjects Exposed to Vertical Whole-Body Vibration.
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Matsumoto, Yasunao and Griffin, Michael J.
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BIOMECHANICS , *VIBRATION (Mechanics) - Abstract
The effect of the magnitude of vertical vibration on the dynamic response of the seated human body has been investigated. Eight male subjects were exposed to random vibration in the 0.5 to 20 Hz frequency range arrive magnitudes: 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 ms[sup -2] r.m.s. The dynamic responses of the body were measured at eight locations: at the first, fifth, and tenth thoracic vertebrae (T1, T5, T10), at the first, third, and fifth lumbar vertebrae (L1, L3, L5) and at the pelvis (the posterior-superior iliac spine). At each location, the motions on the bow surface were measured in tire three orthogonal axes within the sagittal platte (i.e., the vertical, fore-and-aft, and pitch axes). The force at the seat surface was also measured. Frequency response functions (i.e., transmissibilities arid apparent mass) were used to represent the responses of the body. Non linear character istics were observed in the apparent mass and in the transmissibilities to most measurement locations. Resonance frequencies in the frequency response functions decreased with increases in the vibration magnitude (e.g. for the vertical transmissibility) to L3, a reduction from 6.25 to 4.75 Hz when the vibration magnitude increased from 0.125 to 2.0 ms[sup -2] r.m.s.). The transmission of vibration within the spine also showed some evidence of a non-linear characteristic. It can be concluded from this study that the dynamic responses of seated subjects are clearly non-linear with respect to vibration magnitude, whereas previous studies have reported inconsistent conclusions. More understanding of the dependence on vibration magnitude of both the dynamic responses of the soft tissues of the body and the muscle activity (voluntary and involuntary) is required to identify the causes of the non-linear characteristics observed in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
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153. Stress-induced analgesia: prediction of posttraumatic stress symptoms in battered versus nonbattered women
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Nishith, Pallavi, Griffin, Michael G., and Poth, Teri L.
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EMOTIONAL trauma , *ANALGESIA , *ABUSED women - Abstract
Background: Chronic and inescapable trauma is implicated in the stress-induced analgesia (SIA) response.Methods: A sample of 27 chronically battered women was compared with 28 trauma-exposed nonbattered women on their SIA response at 1 month postindex assault.Results: For the battered women sample, the SIA response at 1 month postindex assault was found to significantly predict an increase in posttraumatic stress disorder-related hyperarousal at 3 months postindex assault. Furthermore, the battered women showed a significant increase in depression symptoms from 1 to 3 months postindex assault compared with the nonbattered women, who showed a significant decrease.Conclusions: The findings suggest that the chronic and inescapable nature of trauma exposure in the battered women might account for an SIA response that is qualitatively different from that seen in the nonbattered women. It is suggested that the mechanism underlying the SIA response in battered women might be opioid mediated and that it might be responsible for the significant prediction of physiologic hyperarousal. Furthermore, this hyperarousal might moderate the relationship between the SIA response and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2002
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154. An expanded, narrative algebra for mythic spacetime.
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Griffin, Michael
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MYTHOLOGY , *ALGEBRA , *SEMANTICS - Abstract
Presents a sequel to the article 'Mythic spacetime,' published in a 2001 issue in the 'Journal of Literary Semantics,' which expands the algebraic system describing stories of myth. Improvement of the algebra for conveying the narrative flow of a story; Addition of two set elements to the original four; Representation of the set.
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- 2001
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155. Difference thresholds for automobile seat vibration.
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Mansfield, Neil J., Griffin, Michael J., Mansfield, N J, and Griffin, M J
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PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of vibration , *WEBER-Fechner law - Abstract
Reductions in vehicle vibration that may contribute to improvements in overall vehicle ride could individually be too small to be detected by drivers or passengers. This study investigated the 'difference threshold' (the difference in magnitude between two stimuli which is just sufficient for their difference to be detected) required for a change in vehicle ride to be perceived and whether this was consistent with Weber's Law. Ten male and 10 female subjects sat in a car seat and were exposed to four different reproductions of the vertical vibration recorded on the seat of a car. Three of the stimuli had the same waveform recorded while the car traversed a tarmac surface. This waveform was reproduced using three different magnitudes of vibration at the seat: 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 m s(-2) r.m.s. (Wb weighted). The other stimulus was recorded with the car traversing a 'pavé' surface that gave a different waveform that was reproduced at a magnitude of 0.4 m s(-2) r.m.s. (Wb weighted). There were significant differences in the absolute difference thresholds measured using the same waveform at the three different magnitudes. When the difference thresholds were expressed in relative terms (the proportion by which two stimuli must differ in magnitude to be discriminated), the relative difference thresholds were approximately 13%, and independent of both the vibration magnitude and the vibration waveform. The results are therefore consistent with Weber's Law. No consistent differences were observed between the responses of male and female subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
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156. Heart rate reactivity during trauma recall as a predictor of treatment outcome in cognitive processing therapy for PTSD.
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Carpenter, Joseph K., Pineles, Suzanne L., Griffin, Michael G., Pandey, Shivani, Werner, Kimberly, Kecala, Natalia M., Resick, Patricia A., and Galovski, Tara E.
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POST-traumatic stress disorder , *EXPOSURE therapy , *COGNITIVE therapy , *HEART beat , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *EPISODIC memory , *PATIENT dropouts - Abstract
Emotional engagement when recollecting a trauma memory is considered a key element of effective trauma-focused therapy. Research has shown that reduced physiological reactivity during trauma recall is associated with worse treatment outcomes for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but this has yet to be examined in a cognitively oriented treatment. This study examined whether pretreatment heart rate (HR) reactivity during trauma recall predicts PTSD symptom improvement and treatment dropout during Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) for PTSD. Participants were 142 women with PTSD secondary to interpersonal violence enrolled in one of two clinicals trials. HR reactivity reflected the mean increase in HR after listening to two 30-s scripts of the trauma memory prior to treatment. Linear mixed-effects models showed the effect of HR reactivity on change in total PTSD symptoms was not significant, but lower HR reactivity predicted less improvement in reexperiencing and avoidance and was associated with increased dropout. Findings suggest pretreatment physiological reactivity to the trauma memory may be a prognostic indicator of some elements of treatment response in CPT. Results tentatively support the importance of emotional activation during trauma recall in cognitive treatment of PTSD, though more research is needed to clarify how low HR reactivity impacts treatment. • Women with PTSD (n = 142) received 12 sessions of cognitive processing therapy (CPT). • Prior to treatment, heart rate reactivity (HRR) during trauma recall was measured. • Lower HRR predicted less improvement in reexperiencing and avoidance during CPT. • Lower HRR also predicted greater study and treatment dropout. • No association between pretreatment HRR and total PTSD symptom change was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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157. Contractors Continue to Face Myriad Challenges in 2023.
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Griffin, Michael and McCunney-Thomas, Tricia
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CONTRACTORS , *REAL estate sales , *MULTICHANNEL communication , *REAL estate development , *SHOULDER - Abstract
The article focuses on the challenges that contractors in the AEC (Architecture, Engineering, and Construction) industry are facing due to the COVID-19 pandemic, supply chain shortages, labor shortages, inflation, and rising interest rates.
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- 2023
158. Oliver Goldsmith and Francois-Ignace Espiard De La Borde: An Instance of Plagiarism.
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Griffin, Michael
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PLAGIARISM , *CRITICISM - Abstract
Criticizes Oliver Goldsmith's act of plagiarism. Accusation of Samuel Jackson against Goldsmith; Why Goldsmith borrowed from a number of sources; Information on the material which has been detected and confirmed to be used by Goldsmith; Complaint of Ronald S. Crane on the translation made by Goldsmith on his essays.
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- 1999
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159. Motion sickness in public road transport: The relative importance of motion, vision and...
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Turner, Mark and Griffin, Michael J.
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MOTION sickness , *AUTOMOTIVE transportation , *HEALTH - Abstract
The relative importance of vehicle motion, a view of the road ahead and passenger characteristics in the causation of motion sickness in road transport has been investigated using survey data from 3256 coach passengers and measurements of coach motion. Overall, 28% of passengers said they felt unwell during coach travel. Prior experience of sickness, travel regularity and age were the factors most highly correlated with illness. Increased vehicle motion and poorer forward vision also correlated with illness. Little difference in illness was apparent with a good view of the road ahead, regardless of motion exposure, although vision alone was not sufficient to eliminate passenger sickness entirely. The results suggest that travel sickness could be significantly reduced by improved forward external vision and that improved forward vision may be particularly beneficial for individuals new to coach travel and for those who travel less often. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1999
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160. Leibniz on God's Knowledge of Counterfactuals.
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Griffin, Michael V.
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KNOWABLENESS of God , *COUNTERFACTUALS (Logic) , *METAPHYSICS , *THEOLOGY - Abstract
Examines how philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz employed his metaphysical and theological principles to explain God's knowledge of counterfactuals. Development of a theory of divine knowledge of counterfactuals; Problems with semantics posed by aspects of Leibniz's metaphysics; Alternative interpretation of Leibniz according to the truth value of counterfactuals.
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- 1999
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161. Microwave Transfer Model Differences in Remote Sensing of Cloud Liquid Water at Low Temperatures.
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Lipton, Alan E. and Griffin, Michael K.
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REMOTE sensing , *MICROWAVE attenuation - Abstract
Presents information on a study which investigated the differences between the results of the Ray and LHM models at low temperatures and its implications for liquid water remote sensing. Overview of radiative transfer modeling; Background of the modeling and retrieval experiments; Discussion and conclusion.
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- 1999
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162. Norepinephrine modulation of social memory: Evidence for a time-dependent functional recovery of...
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Griffin, Michael G. and Taylor, George T.
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ANIMAL cognition , *NORADRENALINE - Abstract
Studies the hypothesis that central nervous system (CNS) norepinephrine (NE) modulates the ability of an adult male rat to remember significant stimuli. Effects of NE on general exploration and social memory; Time-dependent functional behavior recovery following NE depletion; Activation of the CNS NE in novel stimuli.
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- 1995
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163. Developing a course for young offenders.
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Collis, Mark and Griffin, Michael
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RECREATION & juvenile delinquency , *WILDERNESS survival , *EXPERIENTIAL learning - Abstract
Describes a 12-week wilderness program run by YouthPower Inc. in Mount Gambier, South Australia to promote experiential learning among young offenders. Optimism of participants about their chances of employment and their ability to complete the course; Reluctance of some members to work in groups; Illicit substance use and regular alcohol consumption among participants.
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- 1993
164. Experimental studies of the use of phase lead filters to compensate lags in head-coupled visual...
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So, Richard H.Y. and Griffin, Michael J.
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HEAD-up displays - Abstract
Presents laboratory studies on the use of phase lead filters to improve head tracking performance in the presence of display lags. Background on the studies; Materials and methods used in the studies; Benefits of lag compensation with phase lead filters; Lag compensation by optimized phase lead filters and image deflection.
- Published
- 1996
165. WRITING AND READING THE CANONS.
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Griffin, Michael
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CANON (Literature) , *METAPHYSICS , *HUMANITY , *PHILOSOPHY - Abstract
The article offers reflections on writing and reading the canons such as the construction of divinity in the canon, the construction of humanity in the secular canon, Margaret Atwood's novel "Alias Grace;" and the resilience of the secular canon in the modern times. Sacred canons were written to represent classical metaphysics. Secular canons were written to interrogate classical metaphysics. The novel of Atwood simultaneously represent and interrogates classical metaphysics in a canonical way.
- Published
- 2007
166. A Soldier's Decision.
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GRIFFIN, MICHAEL
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MILITARY personnel , *WAR & ethics , *IRAQ War, 2003-2011 , *CONSCIENTIOUS objectors , *ETHICS ,CONSCIENCE & religion - Abstract
The article discusses the cases of two U.S. soldiers Private Darrell Anderson and Lieutenant Ehren Watada, who refused to fight in the Iraq war. The article also explains the U.S. law and the 1970 U.S. Supreme Court ruling on selective conscientious objectors. The article also discusses the Catholic teachings on the primacy of conscience.
- Published
- 2007
167. ROAD TO DAMASK.
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Griffin, Michael
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PUBLISHING , *GRANDFATHERS , *DEATH of fathers , *INHERITANCE & succession , *ORPHANAGES - Abstract
The article presents an interview with Iranian millionaire Homayoun Sanati. About his grandfather, Sanati says that he was an uneducated simple man who wanted to see something of the world to know what was going on. Franklin Book Programmes, a charitable organization wanted to start a publishing firm in Iran. They offered a job to Sanati saying that they didn't want person having experience in Persian publishing. On the death of his father in 1973, Sanati inherited responsibility for the family orphanage, whose assets included a few thousand hectares of semi-desert in the Lalehzar valley, 120 miles south of Kerman on the Iranian Plateau.
- Published
- 2006
168. United States space policy and international partnership
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Newton, Elizabeth K. and Griffin, Michael D.
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ASTRONAUTICS & state , *INTERNATIONAL relations , *NATIONAL security , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations , *ECONOMIC competition , *ASTRONAUTICS , *INTERNATIONAL cooperation - Abstract
Abstract: Has the current US space policy improved the USA''s overall strategic position? Does it affect favorably international partnerships? These questions are examined in terms of security, political economy, and influence. In today''s context, where there are more space players, more options, more potential for unintended consequences, and higher stakes, unilateral action is more limited in its effectiveness than in earlier times. Surveying current US space policy, it is not clear that data-driven, analytically based decisions are being made to affect positively national independence, innovation, market creation, and international perceptions of the USA as a trustworthy partner. More promising are the steps taken to bolster a predictable space operational environment and economic competitiveness. Ultimately, in order to achieve American excellence and leadership, a ‘closed loop’ on the policy system is needed, to gauge regularly and systematically whether the US is achieving the desired national outcomes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2011
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169. Methionine-Oxidized Amyloid Fibrils Are Poor Substrates for Human Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases A and B2.
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Binger, Katrina J., Griffin, Michael D. W., Heinemann, Stefan H., and Howltt, Geoffrey J.
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METHIONINE , *AMYLOID , *MONOMERS , *OXIDATION , *DEGENERATION (Pathology) , *AGING , *ALZHEIMER'S disease - Abstract
The article discusses the basis between the association of methionine oxidation and amyloid diseases. It states that the oxidized amyloid fibrils and monomer reduction were compared to explore the link between amyloid diseases and methionine oxidation. Meanwhile, it considers methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr) responsible for the oxidized methiones reduction. It also linked human degenerative and aging diseases such as Alzheimer's diseases with the decline of Msr.
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- 2010
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170. A matter of priorities: High working memory enables (slightly) superior value-directed remembering.
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Griffin, Michael L., Benjamin, Aaron S., Sahakyan, Lili, and Stanley, Sarah E.
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COGNITION , *INFORMATION retrieval , *LEARNING strategies , *RECOGNITION (Psychology) , *SHORT-term memory , *THOUGHT & thinking - Abstract
• A series of experiments tests if working memory predicts ability to prioritize study. • High working memory leads to slightly better prioritization. • Experience at prioritizing leads to more marked improvements across all subjects. People with larger working memory capacity exhibit enhanced free recall. One explanation for this relationship is that the strategies that people bring to the task of learning and retrieving are superior in learners with high working memory. There is ample evidence that learners with high working memory do indeed bring better strategies to both encoding and retrieval, but as yet little evidence of whether higher working memory is related to greater effectiveness in prioritizing information across materials that differ in value. Using the value-directed remembering paradigm of Castel, Benjamin, Watkins, and Craik (2002), we examined whether learners with high working memory capacity show a particular advantage in remembering materials that are of high value. Across four experiments, we found that high working memory capacity led to a selective preference for remembering high-valued word pairs, but the effect was very modest and does not provide a complete picture of the relationship between working memory and recall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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171. The Bene-Anthony Family Relations Test.
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Griffin, Michael
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BENE-Anthony Family Relations Test , *DRAWING , *FAMILY psychotherapy , *PHOTOGRAPHY , *CHILDREN - Abstract
David, aged twelve, is seated comfortably at a long desk. Arrayed in front of him, within easy reach, are twelve outline drawings of people attached to little cardboard boxes, which serve as bases and have slots at the top for the 'posting' of message cards. David has chosen the figures from a larger range that I set out before him at the start of our session, to represent the members of his family. The drawings vary in size, shape, clothing, and hairstyle, but the faces are empty of other features. David found it easy to recognise the figures as adult males and females, plus boys and girls of various ages. The empty faces allowed him to choose figures for each family member, without needing to search for a photographic likeness. The same set of figures used by David can thus be employed by other children to represent their own unique set of family members. David is about to enter the world of the Family Relations Test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2005
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172. Resilience: The Zoom Lens Factor.
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Griffin, Michael
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PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience in adolescence , *FAMILY conflict , *COGNITIVE therapy , *PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience , *ADOLESCENT psychology , *COGNITIVE psychology , *FIGURES of speech , *METAPHOR , *ZOOM lens photography , *PSYCHOTHERAPY , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper uses the metaphor of a zoom lens on a camera to explore notions of resilience. The narrative tracks the journey of a thirteen-year-old boy in therapy as he learns to disengage from escalating family conflict and to attain a broader, more optimistic outlook on life. Although the paper is in the form of a story, it springs from a cognitive-behavioural model of therapy and only descends to photographic metaphors with reluctance. The view of resilience which emerges is in the tradition of Seligman's learned optimism and Meichenbaum's stress inoculation approach. Along the way, though, intrusions arise from attachment theory, temperament research, a plethora of psychotherapies and, of course, the zoom lens factor. If finding a new perspective is important, life really is a camera. Most of all, this is one boy's story of a long and often difficult journey. The therapist is responsible for all the extra baggage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
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173. De novo missense variants in exon 9 of SEPHS1 cause a neurodevelopmental condition with developmental delay, poor growth, hypotonia, and dysmorphic features.
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Mullegama, Sureni V., Kiernan, Kaitlyn A., Torti, Erin, Pavlovsky, Ethan, Tilton, Nicholas, Sekula, Austin, Gao, Hua, Alaimo, Joseph T., Engleman, Kendra, Rush, Eric T., Blocker, Karli, Dipple, Katrina M., Fettig, Veronica M., Hare, Heather, Glass, Ian, Grange, Dorothy K., Griffin, Michael, Phornphutkul, Chanika, Massingham, Lauren, and Mehta, Lakshmi
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MISSENSE mutation , *DEVELOPMENTAL delay , *PROTEIN folding , *NEURAL development , *GENETIC variation , *PROTEIN stability , *SELENOPROTEINS - Abstract
Selenophosphate synthetase (SEPHS) plays an essential role in selenium metabolism. Two mammalian SEPHS paralogues, SEPHS1 and SEPHS2, share high sequence identity and structural homology with SEPHS. Here, we report nine individuals from eight families with developmental delay, growth and feeding problems, hypotonia, and dysmorphic features, all with heterozygous missense variants in SEPHS1. Eight of these individuals had a recurrent variant at amino acid position 371 of SEPHS1 (p.Arg371Trp, p.Arg371Gln, and p.Arg371Gly); seven of these variants were known to be de novo. Structural modeling and biochemical assays were used to understand the effect of these variants on SEPHS1 function. We found that a variant at residue Trp352 results in local structural changes of the C-terminal region of SEPHS1 that decrease the overall thermal stability of the enzyme. In contrast, variants of a solvent-exposed residue Arg371 do not impact enzyme stability and folding but could modulate direct protein-protein interactions of SEPSH1 with cellular factors in promoting cell proliferation and development. In neuronal SH-SY5Y cells, we assessed the impact of SEPHS1 variants on cell proliferation and ROS production and investigated the mRNA expression levels of genes encoding stress-related selenoproteins. Our findings provided evidence that the identified SEPHS1 variants enhance cell proliferation by modulating ROS homeostasis. Our study supports the hypothesis that SEPHS1 plays a critical role during human development and provides a basis for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms employed by SEPHS1. Furthermore, our data suggest that variants in SEPHS1 are associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder. SEPHS1 is in the selenocysteine biosynthetic pathway. We report nine individuals from eight families with developmental delay, growth and feeding problems, hypotonia, and dysmorphic features, all with heterozygous missense variants in SEPHS1. Our findings provide insight into the molecular pathogenesis of this neurodevelopmental disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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174. Structural and biophysical analysis of a Haemophilus influenzae tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic (TRAP) transporter.
- Author
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Currie, Michael J., Davies, James S., Scalise, Mariafrancesca, Gulati, Ashutosh, Wright, Joshua D., Newton-Vesty, Michael C., Abeysekera, Gayan S., Subramanian, Ramaswamy, Wahlgren, Weixiao Y., Friemann, Rosmarie, Allison, Jane R., Mace, Peter D., Griffin, Michael D. W., Demeler, Borries, Wakatsuki, Soichi, Drew, David, Indiveri, Cesare, Dobson, Renwick C. J., and North, Rachel A.
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BACTERIAL cell membranes , *ARCHAEBACTERIA , *HAEMOPHILUS influenzae , *ATP-binding cassette transporters , *MONOMERS , *MUTAGENS - Abstract
Tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic (TRAP) transporters are secondary-active transporters that receive their substrates via a soluble-binding protein to move bioorganic acids across bacterial or archaeal cell membranes. Recent cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of TRAP transporters provide a broad framework to understand how they work, but the mechanistic details of transport are not yet defined. Here we report the cryo-EM structure of the Haemophilus influenzae N-acetylneuraminate TRAP transporter (HiSiaQM) at 2.99 Å resolution (extending to 2.2 Å at the core), revealing new features. The improved resolution (the previous HiSiaQM structure is 4.7 Å resolution) permits accurate assignment of two Na+ sites and the architecture of the substrate-binding site, consistent with mutagenic and functional data. Moreover, rather than a monomer, the HiSiaQM structure is a homodimer. We observe lipids at the dimer interface, as well as a lipid trapped within the fusion that links the SiaQ and SiaM subunits. We show that the affinity (KD) for the complex between the soluble HiSiaP protein and HiSiaQM is in the micromolar range and that a related SiaP can bind HiSiaQM. This work provides key data that enhances our understanding of the 'elevator-with-an-operator' mechanism of TRAP transporters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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175. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and Science Fiction at 200.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael and Lobdell, Nicole
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- FRANKENSTEIN: Or, the Modern Prometheus (Book), SHELLEY, Mary Wollstonecraft, 1797-1851
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- 2017
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176. The Soldiers Came Asking.
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Griffin, Michael
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WAR , *JUSTICE (Virtue) , *CATHOLICS - Abstract
Reports on the effort of the Catholic Church in the U.S. to identify peace and justice issues as the call for the church to speak out and challenge policy makers in 2003. Ways in which the U.S. opposed the prophetic words of the pope and the deep moral reservation; Comment on the church's critique of war; Description of most Catholics who fought in Iraq.
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- 2003
177. Space-frame pyramid.
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DeGanyar, Tejav J. and Griffin, Michael D.
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SPACE frame structure design & construction , *BUILDINGS - Abstract
Features the new athletic facility at California State University, Long Beach, which incorporates space-frame structures at a lower cost than conventional framing. Framing system developed by Advanced Structures Inc.; Taking advantage of common materials and manufacturing processes to open fabrication to the highly-competitive steel-job shops; Design of the frame. INSET: Grass under fabric, by R.R..
- Published
- 1994
178. The health care industry.
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Griffin, Michael
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MEDICAL care , *EMPLOYMENT of African Americans , *CAREER development - Abstract
Reports on the multi-disciplinary opportunities of African Americans leading to careers in health care. Why health care industry is rapidly expanding; Background information on the fields of medical technology and nursing; Salary ranges in health care; Criteria that are essential to longevity and advancement in health care.
- Published
- 1998
179. Advancements and challenges in the production of low-carbon fuels via catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass through refinery integration and co-product generation.
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Yung, Matthew M., Mukarakate, Calvin, Iisa, Kristiina, Wilson, A. Nolan, Nimlos, Mark R., Habas, Susan E., Dutta, Abhijit, Unocic, Kinga A., Schaidle, Joshua A., and Griffin, Michael B.
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GREENHOUSE gas mitigation , *BIOMASS , *CETANE number , *CHEMICAL transportation , *CATALYST poisoning , *FOSSIL fuels - Abstract
The production of advanced biofuels represents a near-term opportunity to decarbonize the heavy vehicle transportation sector. However, important barriers must be overcome and successful deployment of these technologies will require (i) catalyst and process development to reduce cost and improve carbon utilization and (ii) industry-relevant validation of operability to de-risk scale-up. Herein, we seek to address these challenges for an integrated two-step process involving catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) followed by co-hydrotreating of bio-oil with refinery streams. Technoeconomic and lifecycle analysis based on the data presented herein reveal the potential to generate low-carbon transportation fuels and chemical co-products with a modelled selling price of $2.83 gasoline gallon equivalent (2016$) and a 78% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil-based pathways. The feedstock for this research was a blend of 50 wt% loblolly pine and 50 wt% waste forest residues, and the CFP step was performed using an ex situ fixed bed of Pt/TiO2 with co-fed H2 at atmospheric pressure. Compared to previous state-of-technology benchmarks, advancements in catalyst design and synthesis methodology enabled a four-fold reduction in Pt loading and a 400% increase in time on stream without negatively impacting upgrading performance. Additionally, a first-of-its-kind integrated assessment of waste gas adsorption showed near quantitative recovery of acetone and 2-butanone, which collectively represent approximately 5% of the biomass carbon. The valorization of these co-products opens opportunities to support decarbonization of the chemical sector while simultaneously improving the overall process carbon efficiency to >40%. After condensation, the CFP-oil was co-hydrotreated with straight run diesel (10 : 90 vol%) to achieve 95% biogenic carbon incorporation. The oxygen content of the hydrotreated oil was below detection limits, and the diesel fraction exhibited a cetane number and cloud point suitable for a finished fuel. This manuscript concludes by highlighting remaining research needs associated with improving thermal management during catalyst regeneration, mitigating catalyst deactivation due to inorganic deposition, and demonstrating the durability of biomass feeding systems when operated in hydrogen-rich environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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180. The new mutants: superheroes and the radical imagination of American comics , by Ramzi Fawaz, New York, New York University Press, 2016, 368 pp., US$29.00 (paperback), ISBN 978-1-4798-2308-6.
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Griffin, Michael James
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- *
COMIC books, strips, etc. , *NONFICTION - Published
- 2017
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181. The Life, Music, and Thought of Woody Guthrie: A Critical Appraisal.
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Griffin, Michael
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NONFICTION - Published
- 2014
182. Lipid-apolipoprotein interactions in amyloid fibril formation and relevance to atherosclerosis.
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Howlett, Geoffrey J., Ryan, Timothy M., and Griffin, Michael D.W.
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AMYLOID beta-protein , *BLOOD lipoproteins , *SMALL molecules , *BILAYER lipid membranes , *ATHEROSCLEROSIS , *AMYLOID - Abstract
Abstract The apolipoprotein family is a set of highly conserved proteins characterized by the presence of amphipathic α-helical sequences that mediate lipid binding. Paradoxically, this family of proteins is also prominent among the proteins known to form amyloid fibrils, characterized by extensive cross-β structure. Several apolipoproteins including apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apoA-II and apoC-II accumulate in amyloid deposits of atherosclerotic lesions. This review illustrates the role of lipid-apolipoprotein interactions in apolipoprotein folding and aggregation with a specific focus on human apoC-II, a well-studied member of the family. In the presence of high concentrations of micellar lipid mimetics apoC-II adopts a stable and predominantly α-helical structure, similar to other members of the family and presumed to be the structure of apoC-II in circulating plasma lipoproteins. In contrast, lipid-free apoC-II aggregates to form long amyloid fibrils with a twisted ribbon-like morphology. Detailed structural analyses identify a letter G-like conformation as the basic building block within these fibrils. Phospholipids at submicellar concentrations accelerate apoC-II fibril formation by promoting the formation of a discrete tetrameric intermediate. Conversely, several small molecule lipid-mimetics inhibit apoC-II fibril formation at submicellar concentrations, inducing well-defined dimers unable to further aggregate. Finally, low concentrations of phospholipid micelles and bilayers induce the slow formation of amyloid fibrils with distinct rod-like fibril morphology. These studies highlight the diversity of lipid effects on apolipoprotein amyloid formation and reveal a conformational adaptability that could underlie the widespread occurrence of apolipoproteins in amyloid deposits and atheroma. Highlights • Apolipoproteins are prominent in the list of proteins known to form amyloid in vivo. • Lipids alter the rate of formation and final structure of apolipoprotein amyloid. • These effects may play roles in pathology of atherosclerosis and systemic amyloidoses. • We review the complex effects of lipid on amyloid formation by apolipoprotein C-II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
183. Peter Henry Dickinson.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael
- Subjects
- *
SURGEONS - Abstract
The article presents an obituary for Doctor Peter Henry Dickinson, consultant vascular surgeon at Durham University Medical School in Newcastle, England.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
184. Joan Campbell Griffin.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael
- Subjects
- *
PHYSICIANS - Abstract
The article presents an obituary for Joan Campbell Griffin, senior medical officer at Durham University Medical School in England.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
185. Of “Crashes” and “Accidents,” a Comment on Stewart and Lord.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael G., Resick, Patricia A., Waldrop, Angela E., and Mechanic, Mindy B.
- Subjects
- *
POST-traumatic stress disorder , *ANXIETY , *NEUROSES , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *DOMESTIC violence , *RAPE - Abstract
A. E. Stewart and J. H. Lord (2002) call for abandoning the term motor vehicle accident and substituting motor vehicle crash on definitional and patient care grounds. We disagree on definitional grounds and because of the absence of empirical data from accident survivors to support their contentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
186. Differential Receptors Create Patterns Diagnostic for ATP and GTP.
- Author
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McCleskey, Shawn C., Griffin, Michael J., Schneider, Stephen E., McDevitt, John T., and Anslyn, ERic V.
- Subjects
- *
COMBINATORIAL chemistry , *ADENOSINE triphosphate , *GUANOSINE triphosphate - Abstract
Describes a sensing method utilizing a combinatorial library of receptors that can differentiate between highly structurally similar analytes such as nucleotide phosphates in water. Inclusion of a rationally designed core with a binding cleft possessing guanidinium groups; Use of adenosine triphosphate and guanosine triphosphate to test cases to discriminate between structurally similar compounds.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
187. The Cambridge Companion to Utopian Literature.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael
- Subjects
- *
UTOPIAS in literature , *NONFICTION - Abstract
The article reviews the book "The Cambridge Companion to Utopian Literature" edited by Gregory Claeys, part of the Cambridge Companion book series.
- Published
- 2011
188. Sun and Wind.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael
- Subjects
- *
NONFICTION ,IRISH history - Abstract
Reviews the book "Sun and Wind," by Standish James O'Grady.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
189. The Flowering Thorn: International Ballad Studies.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael
- Subjects
- *
BALLAD (Literary form) , *NONFICTION - Abstract
Reviews the book "The Flowering Thorn: International Ballad Studies," edited by Thomas A. McKean.
- Published
- 2004
190. 'Operationally Fragile.'.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael
- Subjects
- *
ASTRONAUTICS & state , *SPACE shuttles , *HUMAN space flight , *ASTRONAUTICS , *FINANCE , *GOVERNMENT policy , *HISTORY - Abstract
The author offers opinions on the 2011 end of the U.S. space shuttle program operated by the National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA). It is argued that the shuttle was hampered throughout the 40 year length of the program by a lack of funding and by overly optimistic expectations for its role as a space vehicle. The author states that the real occasion for sadness at the retirement of the shuttle is that the U.S. has no manned space flight program to replace it.
- Published
- 2011
191. Dynamic forces over the interface between a seated human body and a rigid seat during vertical whole-body vibration.
- Author
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Liu, Chi, Qiu, Yi, and Griffin, Michael J.
- Subjects
- *
EXCITATION (Physiology) , *HUMAN body , *POSTURE , *THIGH , *TRANSFER functions - Abstract
Biodynamic responses of the seated human body are usually measured and modelled assuming a single point of vibration excitation. With vertical vibration excitation, this study investigated how forces are distributed over the body-seat interface. Vertical and fore-and-aft forces were measured beneath the ischial tuberosities, middle thighs, and front thighs of 14 subjects sitting on a rigid flat seat in three postures with different thigh contact while exposed to random vertical vibration at three magnitudes. Measures of apparent mass were calculated from transfer functions between the vertical acceleration of the seat and the vertical or fore-and-aft forces measured at the three locations, and the sum of these forces. When sitting normally or sitting with a high footrest, vertical forces at the ischial tuberosities dominated the vertical apparent mass. With feet unsupported to give increased thigh contact, vertical forces at the front thighs were dominant around 8 Hz. Around 3–7 Hz, fore-and-aft forces at the middle thighs dominated the fore-and-aft cross-axis apparent mass. Around 8–10 Hz, fore-and-aft forces were dominant at the ischial tuberosities with feet supported but at the front thighs with feet unsupported. All apparent masses were nonlinear: as the vibration magnitude increased the resonance frequencies decreased. With feet unsupported, the nonlinearity in the apparent mass was greater at the front thighs than at the ischial tuberosities. It is concluded that when the thighs are supported on a seat it is not appropriate to assume the body has a single point of vibration excitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
192. SOUND BITE.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael
- Subjects
- *
STUDENT health , *UNIVERSITY faculty - Abstract
The article presents quotes from spokesman Michael Griffin of Clarkson University regarding the base-level plan so that students could obtain the medical attention they needed and Brian Hammons, the Board of Governors chair of Missouri State University concerning the power to transfer temporarily a faculty without asking for their permission.
- Published
- 2010
193. No salvation in EPAs.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael
- Subjects
- *
COMMERCIAL treaties , *SUSTAINABLE development , *POVERTY , *FREE trade - Abstract
The article reports that the European Union (EU) and 76 members of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group states are negotiating on trade agreements. It provides details about the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) which will promote sustainable development and reduce poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. It is stated that the EPA offers yet another example of how the EU abuses its power and open markets to unfair penetration by European manufacturers. Details about the deal are given.
- Published
- 2008
194. THE REAL REASONS WE EXPLORE SPACE.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael
- Subjects
- *
SPACE exploration , *SCIENTIFIC discoveries , *NATIONAL security - Abstract
The author discusses several reasons to continue to explore space from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Most experts say that space explorations are done for purposes of scientific discovery, economic benefit and national security. He explains that explorations are done for people to stand out, and because of curiosity. He stresses that societies will not succeed if they place their resources and efforts in enterprises that do not provide concrete value.
- Published
- 2007
195. SCIENCE VERSUS EXPLORATION: A FALSE CHOICE.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael
- Subjects
- GRIFFIN, Michael D. (Michael Douglas), 1949-
- Abstract
The article presents an excerpt from a speech by U.S. National Aeronautics & Space Administration administrator Michael Griffin on September 12, 2006, which discusses the relationship between science and exploration.
- Published
- 2007
196. Analysis of ligand bias in functional studies involving the allosteric modulation of G protein‐coupled receptors (654.6).
- Author
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Ehlert, Frederick and Griffin, Michael
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
197. Post-pneumonectomy syndrome: a systematic review of the current evidence and treatment options.
- Author
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Christodoulides, Natasha, Fitzmaurice, Gerard J., Bukowska, Irmina, O'Rhaillaigh, Eoin, Toale, Conor, Griffin, Michael, and Redmond, Karen C.
- Subjects
- *
EVIDENCE-based medicine , *VOLUMETRIC analysis - Abstract
Objectives: Post-pneumonectomy syndrome (PPS) is rare and predominantly characterised by dynamic airway obstruction due to mediastinal rotation at any time point following pneumonectomy. The objective of this systematic review was to identify the optimal treatment strategy for PPS based on subjective symptomatic relief, objective radiological imaging, and treatment durability. Methods: A systematic review was performed up to and including February 2022 based on the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses" guidelines. All studies that presented the management of symptomatic patients > 16 years of age with radiologically confirmed PPS were included. The primary outcome was the identification of the optimal treatment strategy and the secondary outcome was durability of the treatment. The Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine level was assigned to each study. Results: A total of 330 papers were identified and reviewed; 41 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data including patient demographics, indication for initial pneumonectomy, presenting symptoms, management approach, outcomes, and follow-up were assessed and analysed. Management approaches were divided into three categories: (a) mediastinal repositioning using implant prostheses; (b) endobronchial stenting; (c) other corrective procedures. One hundred and four patients were identified in total and of those, 87 underwent mediastinal repositioning with insertion of a prosthetic implant. Complications included over- or under-filling of the prosthesis (8.5%) and implant leakage (8.9%). Conclusion: Management of PPS using a prosthetic implant to reposition the mediastinum is the treatment of choice. Key adjuncts to optimise surgical approach and minimise complications include pre-operative CT volumetric analysis to guide implant size and intra-operative transoesophageal echocardiography to guide mediastinal repositioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
198. The utility of a symptom model to predict the risk of oesophageal cancer.
- Author
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Mather, Michael W., Wilson, Janet A., Doona, Mary, Talks, Benjamin J., Fullard, Mark, Griffin, Michael, Powell, Jason, and Drinnan, Michael
- Subjects
- *
ESOPHAGEAL cancer , *DEGLUTITION disorders , *FISHER discriminant analysis , *DISEASE risk factors , *SYMPTOMS , *REGRESSION analysis , *HEARTBURN - Abstract
To assess whether extra-oesophageal symptoms are predictive of oesophageal malignancy. A prospective, single-centre cross-sectional questionnaire study at a tertiary referral unit for oesophageal cancer using the Comprehensive Reflux Symptoms Scale (CReSS) questionnaire tool. Respondents with oesophageal malignancy were compared with historical cohorts undergoing airway examination or upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and found to have benign diagnoses. We developed a model for predicting oesophageal cancer using linear discriminant analysis and logistic regression, assessed by Monte Carlo cross validation. Respondents with oesophageal malignancy (n = 146; mean age 70.5; male: female, 71:29) were compared with those undergoing airway examination (n = 177) and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (n = 351), found to have benign diagnoses. No single questionnaire item, or group of co-varying items (factors), reliably discriminated oesophageal cancer from other diagnoses. Individual items which suggested higher risk of oesophageal malignancy included dysphagia (area under the curve (AUC) 0.68), low appetite (AUC 0.66), and early satiety (AUC 0.58). Conversely, throat pain (AUC 0.38), bloating (AUC 0.38) and heartburn (AUC 0.37) were inversely related to cancer risk. A forward stepwise regression analysis including a subset of 12 CReSS questionnaire items together with age and sex derived a model predictive of oesophageal malignancy in this cohort (AUC 0.89). We demonstrate a model comprised of 12 questionnaire items and 2 demographic parameters as a potential predictive tool for oesophageal malignancy diagnosis in this study population. Translating this model for predicting oesophageal malignancy in the general population is a valuable topic for future research. • Oesophageal malignancy remains a diagnostic challenge, often presenting late. • Extra-oesophageal symptoms are not cancer referral criteria in the United Kingdom. • Symptoms can be characterised with the Comprehensive Reflux Symptoms Scale (CReSS). • Extra-oesophageal symptoms may be useful to predict risk of oesophageal malignancy. • This could be used to risk stratify patients for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
199. Why is Bin Ladan still at Large?
- Author
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Griffin, Michael
- Subjects
- *
TERRORISM , *TERRORISTS - Abstract
Reports on the failure of the United States to capture Osama bin Laden, the leader and mastermind of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. Terrorism acts committed by the group of bin Laden before the September 11 attacks; Actions made by the United States to kill or capture him; Information on the Al Qaida network.
- Published
- 2001
200. Pursuits of Wisdom. Six Ways of Life in Ancient Philosophy from Socrates to Plotinus.
- Author
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Griffin, Michael J.
- Subjects
- *
ANCIENT philosophy , *NONFICTION - Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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