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Chemistry is abstract, to understand the concept of chemistry requires visualization and explanation through levels. This study aims to analyze macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic misconceptions in chemistry learning. The research method uses a 4D (R&D) model, namely the Dissemination stage. This test consists of 20 reasoned multiple choice questions by choosing the level of confidence. The product being tested is used for student tests in three different schools (SMAN, MAN and SMKN). The test results data were analyzed, interpreted and expressed in the profile of misconceptions at the macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic levels. The research subjects were students of class X from three different schools. The results of this study indicate that the average level of misconceptions at the macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic levels of high school students is 13%; 40%; and 43%, MAN students 30%; 37%; and 50%; SMKN students 3%; 37%; and 53%. The conclusion of this study is that the greatest misconceptions at the symbolic level occurred in three different schools, and each pattern experienced a decrease in submicroscopic and macroscopic misconceptions. The misconception test instrument developed makes it easier for teachers to analyze students' misconceptions so that misconceptions can be corrected immediately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to develop an animated video-based learning media on electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution material for senior high school students. This study is a development research that used the Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate (ADDIE) approach. The research subjects were the students class X of public senior high school 1 Tanah Jambo Aye as many 26 students as respondents. The instrument used was a modified BSNP questionnaire and students response questionnaires. Data analysis using descriptive quantitative. The result shown the animated video-based as media for teaching electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution based on BSNP modification on feasibility of the material aspects carried out by two experts obtained an average score of 3.77 with a percentage of 94.31% is very feasible. Feasibility of media aspects carried out by media experts obtained an average score of 3.7 with a percentage of 92.5% is very feasible. The result of the percentage of practicality of animated video-based learning media is 93.46% with the category is very practical. Therefore, animated video-based as media for teaching electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution are declared feasible and practical to use in the classroom. Further research is needed to investigate the effect of media use in the classroom and the correlation between motivation and learning outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventional learning which is one-way and the insufficient availability of contextual teaching materials makes chemistry difficult for students. One of the contexts in society that can be used as material in chemistry learning is the manufacture of Mg(OH)2 from sea water. Seawater is sustainable and is a potential source for processing to produce Mg(OH)2. Mg(OH)2 is a compound that plays an important role in human life, one of which is in the pharmaceutical field as raw material for making mag medicine. These compounds act as antacids to neutralize stomach acid. This study aims to determine the feasibility of learning devices using the project based learning model in the process of making Mg(OH)2 from sea water. The research contribution is for education to improve the chemistry practice learning spesifically in senior high school. The method used in the study is R & D (Research and Development) with a Dick&Carey models. Based on the assessment of the feasibility results, it can be seen from the overall average score of all aspects, which is 91.25%. Based on the expert's assessment of the feasibility of the teaching materials developed by the researchers, it is shown that the project-based learning tools in the process of making Mg(OH)2 from seawater are feasible to use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyrazoline has been reported with a broad spectrum of biological activity. The presence of the withdrawing group especially the 4-nitrophenyl group in the 3th ring of pyrazoline has never been performed. A new derivative of 2- pyrazoline has been synthesized in 2-butanol as solvent. Surprisingly, pyrazoline was synthesized by cyclization of chalcone and hydrazine hydrate without acetate acid as a catalyst. Reactants were refluxed for 30 hours and controlled by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The result showed that the reaction yielded 45.07% red solid pyrazoline. Characterization of the structure was confirmed by FTIR and 1H- NMR spectra. However, in vitro antibacterial study showed that the compound has very low antibacterial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chemistry of Rare Earth Elements (REE) is a teaching-learning topic that can integrate the principles of the molecular basis of sustainability from economic, society, and environmental aspects. The use of molecular basis of sustainability in the teaching and learning can lead the student toward system thinking. System thinking defines as the ability to interpret a complex systems. This research was conducted to obtain a scientist's conception of REE in a form of concept map and teaching-learning sequences (TLS). The method used is qualitative content analysis (QCA) with a type of literature analysis. The initial phase is carried out by collecting material (literature) from books, monographs, review articles, and research articles. The instruments used are content analysis formats. The analysis was descriptively and structured in a didactic and pedagogical manner to strengthen student's system thinking skills. The concepts obtained are compiled in the form of a concept map and TLS. The results showed that the content of REE could be analyzed through an inductive approach. The scientist's conception is obtained include definition, electronic configuration, properties, abundance, processing, and the applications. The Concept map and TLS illustrate potential intended and unintended consequences of REE. Through QCA, there is evident that system thinking can be strengthened through teaching and learning on the REE topic. Further development of this research hoped that could be used to make teaching material and didactical design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biofuel is produced by the anaerobic degradation of organic matter and is mainly composed of methane (CH4). Therefore, the substance is a suitable alternative source of energy. This biofuel may be acquired through waste management, particularly from the processing of household refuse and sewage. Previous research evaluated only the Calorific Value or Higher Heating Value (HHV) of the gas. However, this study aims to analyze heat transfer through the convection of hot gases during combustion. The magnitude of the coefficient of this procedure is highly dependent on the turbulence value. This parameter, in turn, influences the transference rate. Subsequently, a 1558 L capacity bio-digester processed 750 kg mixed household waste, 750 L water, 7 kg Green Phoskko (GP-7), and 50 kg cow dung to generate 75 L of biofuel whose optimum composition was 50.35% CH4, 17.65% N2, 8.98% H2 and 23.02% CO2. The maximum turbulence was determined to be 1.1× 106, 4.8× 105, and 2.9 ×105 while the minimum values were 5.7× 105, 2.7× 105, and 1.5× 105, for butane, heptane, and the best biogas mixture, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assessment that is carried out must be in accordance with the learning process and learning outcomes to measure students' abilities appropriately. The Biology Learning Outcomes and Process Evaluation lectures use a guided discovery-based handout, therefore, the assessment carried out must be in accordance with the lecture process. Researchers develop INQF-based assessments in order to measure students' knowledge abilities and skills appropriately. The KKNI-based assessment can evaluate students as a whole, which includes every realm of learning outcomes. The purpose of this research to produce a valid KKNI-based assessment in the Biology Process and Learning Outcomes in the Biology Education Study Program of STKIP PGRI West Sumatra which was valid and limited to the assessment of knowledge and skills. This research is a development research using the Plomp model. The instrument was used a knowledge and skills assessment validity questionnaire. The data analysis technique used the percentage formula. The results showed that the validity value of the knowledge assessment was 96.48 with very valid criteria and the skill assessment was 93.98 with very valid criteria. It can be concluded that the INQF-based assessment in the Biology Process Evaluation and Learning Outcomes lecture is very valid [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Being difficult to understand and implement the lecture of Biology Learning Strategy and Design Course is one of the student problems during teaching and learning because they had not been provided by a curriculum based text book. Moreover, secondary teaching materials for the new normal situation after the Covid-19 pandemic, which are to help students to learn, have not been also available. The students used the reading sources from the internet such as blogs where the scientific information is still questionable. So that, it is necessary to design and develop a project-based interactive digital book where it can be used for individual and group learning as well as online and offline conditions. The research was to find out the validity of a project-based interactive digital book of biology learning strategy and design course. It was a research using four D models, which was limited to the validity test on the development stage. The instrument was a questionnaire and it was analyzed by descriptive analysis. The validity shows the mean value 88%. Therefore, it is concluded that the Project-Based Interactive Digital Book of Biology Learning Strategy and Design Course has been valid on the criteria of material, media, and language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study is to establish how research on the issue of systems thinking in biology education has progressed over the last ten years, from 2011 to 2020. The research method combines qualitative research with a review of the literature as we know as literature review. Data was gathered by searching Scopus journals for 29 citation publications published between 2011 and 2020. VOSviewer were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that 29 publications published articles on systems thinking in biology education from 2011 to 2020. The articles reviewed for this study were only collected from the Scopus database, therefore they did not have similar data. As a result, there are some research gaps in biology education to be study in future about systems thinking. For further results, study must employ a comparative analytical strategy that includes the Scopus database and the Web of Sciences (WoS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific argumentation skills are considered as a major component to support science education in 21st century skills. The preservice biology teacher needs to be empowered in their argumentation skills to challenges global competition. The intent of this case study is to propose an analytical framework of scaffolding strategy to enhance the quality and quantity of scientific argumentations skills (SAS) in biology cased-based learning (BCBL) through online learning environment. This study was administered to 20 preservice biology teachers in Department of Biology Education. The quality of argument is determined by Toulmin Argumentation Pattern (TAP) and Erduran's analytical framework. The results of this study indicate that the quantity of argumentation components of pre-service biology teachers is still low. The quality of their skills in providing data, guarantees and support for claims is also still low. The findings of this study can contribute to determine the type of scaffolding can be provided in the distance learning course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocean literacy is the influence of the sea on humans and the influence of humans on the sea. However, the lack of ocean literacy becomes an obstacle for students who do not understand the issues around ocean pollution in the coastal areas of Indramayu. The use of investigation practicum provides actual knowledge for students as initial capital in understanding ocean literacy. The study aims to improve ocean literacy in the use of Investigation Practicum on high school students. The research method used in this research is pre-experiment. The research subjects used were 10th-grade high school students at Indramayu, West Java the academic year 2020/2021 had learned about the ecosystem. The sample that participated in this study amounted to 26 students. The research instrument used was a matter of ocean literacy in the ecosystem, amounting to 23 multiple-choice questions. Based on seven principles of ocean literacy. Questions modified by researchers referring to SOLE (Survey of Ocean Literacy and Experience). Based on the results of the study, it concluded that the initial ability of students' ocean literacy on the third principle of 39%, the fifth principle is 47%, and the seventh principle of 31%, the three principles of ocean literacy is in the very low because the ecosystem material has not been integration with ocean literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All of Head of institutions in globally shut down school activities as effort to reduce the rate of infect of coronavirus in pandemic. This global most affects hundreds millions of students worldwide. UNESCO supports countries that close face-to-face learning activities, to decrease the direct impact of school closures, such as online distance learning. Learning from home is a term used in activities in pandemic era by the Indonesian government, with daring or online teaching methods. The implementation of BDR certainly has an impact on the obstacles felt by students during the learning process. The focus of this study is to evaluate online process and as a reference in teaching biology for the lectures during the pandemic era to improve the teaching activities. Participants are students who take lectures in the even semester of the academic year 2020/2021 which amounts to 34 students. Data collection using questionnaires based on Google form then the results are analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The questionnaire distribution results were as follows: 20.6% of students were less motivated, 11.8% had difficulty receiving lecture materials, 17.6% of students concentrated less on using online learning, and 50% of presentations of teaching materials were less qualified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning model with by Augmented Reality media to enhance critical thinking skills on the subject of sensory systems in online learning. The research was implemented on class XI MIPA students at SMAN 2 Sleman, Yogyakarta. The indicators of critical thinking skills used in the research instrument are in accordance with those proposed proposed by Ennis. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design and used simple random sampling technique. The instrument for measuring critical thinking skills is a technical test in the form of a 10-item essay. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software. The results showed that the Problem Based Learning model with by Augmented Reality learning media was effective in enhancing students' critical thinking skills with an N-gain value of 0.66 which was classified as moderate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eco Enzyme (EE) is a complex organic solution, it is fermented from organic waste, sugar and water and environmentally friendly. The production of EE has a double advantage, can be used to reduce waste and can be applied to water management; therefore, a study was conducted with the aim of knowing the optimum EE concentration in the purification of polluted pond water. This research is an experimental research (true experimental) with qualitative research approach. Water sample was tested with EE concentrations vary from 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% with three repetitions each. The pH value reaches 6-8.The results of organoleptic observations of the color of the water after 3 days showed that the use of 25% EE caused the color of the water changed from green to yellowish. Moreover it can be concluded that the optimum condition for using EE for purifying polluted pond water is 25% or more. The process of developing research-based mini learning documents in the form of lesson plans and worksheets use 3 stages of development, they are Analysis, Design, and Development it showed that the developed lesson plans and worksheets were very valid. It is stated very valid since the lesson plans and worksheets have met the very valid criteria. This development product will be implemented in a mini-research-based learning on biology subjects for class X high school on environmental change and environmental conservation material with the theme of using Eco Enzyme for purifying polluted pond water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to identify and analyze the effectiveness of online learning methods using an online platform by State Senior High School teachers in Lampung using qualitative methods. The subjects of this study were 40 biology teachers with data collection through interview and literature study. The instrument used is a non-test instrument in the form of a questionnaires filled out online. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the analysis show that the learning proses runs smoothly but there are signal interference problems. Various online platforms used are Zoom, Google Classroom, WhatsApp Group, Ruangguru, Zenius Education, Education Smart Courses and Live Worksheets. Analysis of the effectiveness of online learning methods has been effective with a percentage of 65% although difficulties in understanding students and internet connections are still found. The analysis of the effectiveness of platform-assisted online learning is considered quite effective with a percentage of 55%. The platforms that are often used are WhatsApp Groups, Zoom and Google Classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In every learning process, students bring different prior knowledge that they had previously experienced. This may cause different learning outcome from what the teacher had originally planned--which, in this article, is called 'unintended learning'. Unintended learning is often linked to negative impacts to the students, such as misconception. However, from previous study analysis, it was found that there is no article nor research which comprehensively focus on unintended learning available so far. Several topics have been searched--by using related keywords--in academic search engines such as ERIC and Google Scholar, as well as in several academic journal publishing websites, from the last five years, but these resulted in no complete result. Therefore, for the purpose of this review, some academic articles which discuss the specific topic about unintended learning have been chosen and studied. About fifteen scientific articles from academic journals had been used, and it can be concluded that unintended learning has not only negative impacts, but also positive impacts. These includes, for example, students' establishment of knowledge, skill, and behaviour change towards science subject. Furthermore, unintended learning can be identified not only by its internal but also by its external factors, such as teachers. This shows how important it is for teachers to identify unintended learning that their students experience. By presenting this review, teachers and educators are hoped to pay more attention to unintended learning process so that they may optimize the learning outcome the students obtain from science learning processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Journal writing is an approach to writing for learning. In journal writing students write their reflections on the learning material that the previous teacher delivered. The use of journal writing aims to determine the relationship with students german cognitive load (GCL) in learning the reproduction system. This study a true experimental design method. The research design used the randomized post-test only control group design. The subjects in this study consisted of 30 students of class XI MIPA for the 2020/2021 academic year who had participated in learning the reproductive system. Data collection was carried out qualitatively. Qualitative data were obtained through questionnaires. The results showed that writing journal writing made students try harder to understand the reproduction system material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to analyze and identify student's research skills and affective character through mini research-based learning. Research skills and character data were analyzed using percentage techniques. The results of research skills showed that the indicators of students' information-seeking skills were able to use media sources 54.5%. Students are able to find references based on the title given 45.5%. Student information processing skills build time in finding information 36.4%. 90.1% of students are able to compile the concept and are able to compile the ideas obtained to support the topic. The results of research design skills, students are able to plan research 72.8%, develop instruments 63.6%, and collect data 54.5%. Things that need to be improved are the ability to compose problems 18.2% and literature review 9.1%. Mini research-based learning has a positive impact on the affective character of students. The domain of active student attitude in doing assignments was 72.7%, but 54.5% weak in aspects that were lecturers. The interest of students who always work on assignments is 72.7% and weak in the aspect of asking questions in class 54.5%. Self-concept is known that students enjoy studying microbiology 63.3%, however, 72.7% weak communication. The student score aspect states that the lecturer's performance has reached a maximum of 72.7% and students believe that learning microbiology can change their life behavior for the better 63.6%. Affective skills are needed as consideration for developing students who will become prospective biology educators in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to analyze the needs of teachers in the field of physics learning to develop multiple representation learning material application with hybrid combined pictures (MeetLearnHope) on parabolic motion concept. Recent research shows many studies about the importance of multiple representations in learning physics and also the benefit of using interactive multimedia. Thus, this would be meaningful and necessary to study what stuff are requested when we want to develop an interactive multimedia in learning parabolic motion concept. The participants including in this research were 25 physics teachers (4 male and 21 female). The descriptive-qualitative method was used so we got the result as the majority teachers of physics require an interactive multimedia that contains some essentials features, e.g., simple main concept explanation (92%), nature phenomenon about the concept (100 %), sample questions, and solutions (96%) but 68 % respondent said the interactive media should be simple e.g. doesn't need any exaggerate music and user interface interactions. Overall, we can conclude that developing this interactive multimedia to improving learning motivation when learning about parabolic motion is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 21st century, time management skills are important for everyone. Therefore, time management skills are needed to be empowered through the learning process, including problem-based learning in the classroom. This study was aimed to develop student worksheets in Biology learning resource development lectures and looked for its impacts. The research method used is design research. The problem-based worksheets, critical thinking rubrics, and time management skills rubrics were used have been validated and reliable. This study showed that the use of problem-based worksheets improved both of the students' creativity scores and students' time management skills. The N-Gain score for creativity and students' time management skills were 0.41 and 0.57 respectively. This study also revealed that there was a strong and positive correlation between creativity and students' skills in managing their study time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Science process skills are skills that focus on the learning process to develop students' skills in understanding the necessary facts, concepts, and values. This study aims to measure the science process skills (SPS) of K-11 students on Dynamic Fluid material. Participants in this study were 34 students aged 15-17 years consisting of 8 boys and 26 girls in Kampar. This research is a single case study with a combination design. The instrument used was six multiple-choice questions with six different indicators. The results showed that the percentage value of students' science process skills was at 38%. With these results the students' science process skills on Dynamic Fluid material were still in the low category. So, there is a need for a development in the learning process to improve the science process skills of K-11 students in Dynamic Fluid material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of cell structure is an abstract concept that requires representation to help students understand. The representation that can be used is markerless augmented reality. The purpose of this study was to develop a markerless augmented reality-based learning media on the concept of cell organelles. The research method used is the ADDIE method (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research instruments were flowcharts, storyboards, interview sheets, and validation sheets (questionnaires). Data analysis was carried out descriptively for the stages of making markerless augmented reality learning media based on the results of interviews, Flowcharts & Storyboards. The data from validation was analyzed quantitatively. The Stages of analysis are by analyzing learning media in schools and analyzing the concept of cell organelles. The results of the stage analysis show that the cell organelle is an abstract concept so that it requires learning media to explain the concepts. Media development involves several visual processing applications (2D or 3D). Augmented Reality-based learning media application that is made markerless. Markerless Augmented reality consists of three main parts: Media database, camera, database processing device. The Validation testing with three validators. The results showed that interactive learning media based on markerless augmented reality got a valid and feasible category to be used as a learning resource by students in the learning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to find out the ability to master the concept of high school students in grade X on newton's law subject. Mastery of concepts is a very important component in the study of physics. The research method used is descriptive quantitative. The study subjects consisted of 36 students consisting of 24 women and 12 men with an average age of 15-16 years at one of the high schools in Duri city. The research instrument consists of 25 items of multiple-choice questions. The cognitive dimension of multiple-choice questions consists of C1-C6 levels based on bloom's revised taxonomy. The data analyzer uses a Rasch model based on logit values obtained by Winstep software-assisted students. The results obtained an average value of 0.57 and a standard deviation of 1.33. From this score were found 3 quality groups of mastery of student concepts, namely; quality groups of students with high, medium and, low categories. Overall, the percentage of students' concept mastery skills is in a low category. The results of this study contribute information and description to teachers about the condition of students' concept mastery ability. Teachers can make various efforts and innovations in learning to improve the mastery of student concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was intended to analyse the assessment profile of question items included in senior high school documents in which the respective assessment attempted to measure the skills of evaluating and designing scientific enquiry within COVID-19 pandemic related content. The analysis was performed on question items in some documents namely student worksheets, daily tests, midterm tests, and final tests. The documents were collected from six state and private schools in Bandung. Schools were then selected using a stratified random sampling technique. The research instrument employed was validation rubric on evaluating and designing scientific enquiry skills based on PISA framework (2018). The assessment documents were analyzed using descriptive method. The result indicated that only a few parts (1,4%) of the question items were valid to be used in measuring the evaluating and designing scientific enquiry skills on COVID-19 pandemic related content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biology learning in the light of Covid-19 requires educators to have creative thinking skills in online classes. In particular, they are overcoming learning problems through the development of biology learning media. This study aims to determine student's creative thinking skills in determining ideas for development biology learning media in the light of Covid-19. There are four indicators of creative thinking skills described including fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. This research is a descriptive study using a quantitative approach. The subjects in this study were 27 students of Biology Education in Semester IV who studied in the learning media course. The research has been carried out at FKIP Tanjungpura University for the 2020/2021 academic year. The research has been conducted in 8 meetings (half-semester). Quantitative data has been obtained from student answers working on structured project assignments and written tests which were analyzed in percentages, then converted into descriptive data. The results showed that the percentage of creative thinking skills was quite creative (51.85%). Fluency has the most significant percentage (81.30%), followed by elaboration (55.60%), originality (53.50%), and flexibility (45.50%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Good Health and Well-Being are the third target of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which are in the spotlight because it will directly impact the quality of human resources and the level of human well-being. One of the promotive efforts in improving the quality of health is through education in adolescence because this period determines the pattern of shaping health status in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of junior high school students understanding of healthy behaviour, including physical activity, oral health, diet, driving safety, use of cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs, and the health of reproductive organs. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews. The questionnaire was prepared in the form of a Google Form- a link was sent to respondents through WhatsApp. A total of 117 junior high school students participated in this study. From the results of the analysis and interpretation of research data, it is known that 98% of students already have a theoretical understanding of the ways and benefits of maintaining health. However, only 64.75% consistently apply it in their daily behaviour. Analysis of data regarding driving safety, the use of cigarettes and drugs, and the behaviours of maintaining reproductive organs, it is known that 83.23% of respondents already have a good understanding. Interestingly, there were misconceptions among students about addictive substances and ways to prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and 73% of adolescent respondents felt uncomfortable having discussions with their parents about reproductive organs and their problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific argumentation skills are needed by prospective Biology teacher because these skills are related to scientific thinking skills. Previous studies have reported that the ASICC learning models has been developed and effective in improving critical thinking and collaboration skills of students with different academic abilities. This study aims to determine the effect of implementing the ASICC learning strategy on students^ scientific argumentation skills. This research was conducted using a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent pre-post-test control group design in three senior high schools in East Java. The instruments used in this study were valid and reliable. Data of scientific argumentation skills were collected and scoring by using the essay test answer sheet. The scoring rubric was arranged by using Toulmin's Argument Pattern (TAP) that consisting of claims, evidence, reasoning, and rebuttal. Ancova was used to analyze the data. Aspects of scientific argumentation were analyzed by using N-Gain. This study revealed that there was a significant difference in the scientific argumentation skills of students with low academic abilities in the experimental and control class. The reasoning and rebuttal aspects of students have increased but are still low. Scientific argumentation skills need to be continuously empowered by applying the ASICC learning model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to reveal the effect of using comic book media in online learning during the pandemic on students' critical thinking skills. This study used a one-group pre-test-post-test design. Twenty senior high school students became participants. Data collection used a multiple-choice critical thinking skill test. Data analysis used the n-gain and Wilcoxon test. The results showed that students' average critical thinking skills at the end of the lesson were 87.5. P-value <0.05. The n-gain of the critical thinking skill was 0.81 (high category). This study concludes that online learning supported by digital comics influences students' critical thinking skills during COVID-19. This research recommends that comic media is a solution for student learning resources during a pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the mastery of biodiversity content knowledge of junior high school teachers through the implementation of biodiversity literacy textbooks containing local potency of West Java. The study used a weak experiment design with the one group pretest posttest method. A total of 33 junior high school teachers from various districts in West Java Province were involved in the research conducted in the period January 2020 to April 2021. The results showed that: (1) there was an average increase in mastery of biodiversity content knowledge of 64% (medium category); (2) All components of biodiversity content knowledge have increased; (3) Sequentially increasing the mastery of the component of biodiversity content knowledge from the largest to the smallest, namely three levels of biodiversity (87%), problems and issues related to biodiversity (72%), strategies and actions to conserve biodiversity (69%), threats to biodiversity (62%), ecological factors that affect biodiversity (57%), and biodiversity values (52%). The conclusion is that biodiversity literacy textbooks containing local potency of West Java can increase the mastery of biodiversity content knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of Modeling-based Inquiry Learning (MbIL) on students' conceptual understanding and learning motivation. Quasy experiment with pretest-posttest control and experimental group design was carried out for this research. Participants of this research were 11th grader high school students. MbIL was implemented in the experimental group while the control group worked in an inquiry-based class. Therefore, guided inquiry was implemented in both groups but the control group did not build a model. Data were collected by using concept test and The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) that translated into Bahasa Indonesia. Data analysis was carried out by recapitulating scores of the pretest and post-test. The participants in both group showed a medium increase in conceptual understanding, experimental group with N-gain score 0,62 and control group with N-gain score 0,48. However for learning motivation, experimental group showed a medium increase with N-gain score 0,33 but control group showed a low increase with N-Gain score 0,19. T-test results showed that there was a significance difference in conceptual understanding, but no significance difference in learning motivation between the two groups. Therefore, MbIL is effective enough in increasing students' conceptual understanding but not effective in increasing students' learning motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contradiction between evolution and personal beliefs is a challenging issue in learning evolution in Indonesia. Few studies report that Indonesia had more misconceptions, lower knowledge about the evolution concept, and lower acceptance of evolution than USA, Koreans, Greeks, and Romans. Teachers' knowledge and acceptance of evolution theory contribute to how they teach evolution to their students. This preliminary study aimed to describe the levels of students' acceptance and perceptions of evolution before the learning process. This study involved 78 participants. The level of acceptance of evolution theory was measured by using Measure of the Theory of Evolution (MATE) and students' perception of evolution was obtained through a questionnaire. The results of MATE revealed 2 students (3%) in high acceptance, 23 students (29%) in moderate acceptance, 43 students (55%) in low acceptance, and 10 students (13%) in very low acceptance category. The questionnaire resulted in 32 students (41%) believed in, 28 students (36%) doubts, and 18 students (23%) not believed in the theory of evolution. Some of the students' perceptions are (1) evolution is a science that can be proved by the fact; (2) the theory of evolution is based solely on speculation; (3) evolution theory is contradictive with creationism and their beliefs; (4) people's misconceptions about the concept of evolution lead to the rejection of the evolution theory. Nevertheless, 93% of students would teach the theory of evolution to their students. These findings provide the view that students are caught between accepting or rejecting the theory of evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research is motivated by the regulations of the Ministry of Education and culture regarding the implementation of education during the pandemic Covid-19 which requires the implementation of distance learning using online learning media. The purpose of this research is to find out what learning media are effective in online biology learning to anticipate Covid-19. This research method is done by conducting a literature review of several journals. Literature on effective learning media to support online biology learning. This research technique uses literature analysis. The results of the analysis show that the effective online biology learning media to be used or applied are Google Classroom, Google Meet, Zoom, and Teacher's Room media. Participant students showed a tendency to prefer synchronous learning via video conferencing. Synchronous learning using video conference service allows teachers and students to interact in real time while reducing the potential for delays in feedback as is common in the study carried out asynchronously, supports group interaction, as well as providing space for sharing opinions and discuss in small groups. The application of these learning media can also help educators control the implementation of online learning, improve cognitive abilities, creative learning outcomes, thinking skills, learning satisfaction, and students' learning biology independence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of various types of schools in Indonesia makes different levels of achievement produced. This is motivated by various factors in the learning process. Several factors that distinguish public and private schools are the difference in achievement levels, learning environments, facilities, and teacher quality. This study is aiming to investigate the quality of public and private schools through the scientific attitude as its learning outcomes. The research method used is the descriptive quantitative method with purposive sampling. The scientific attitude was assessed by using a questionnaire. A total of 171 junior high school students in the 9th or final year were involved from public and private schools were involved in this research. The data was then analyzed using SPSS IBM ver.25 for statistical analysis. After the average was calculated, the normality test shows the data were not normally distributed with the number of significance is 0.012. The non-parametric Mann Whitney test was carried out to continues the analysis, showing the significance is 0.554 for the analysis based on school, and 0.080 based on gender. The first data analysis was calculating the average score of the questionnaire for each dimension. After the analysis there are two dimension of scientific attitude that has significance result based on the type of schools, meanwhile there is only one scientific attitude that has significance result based on sex. This research shows the achievement similarity in scientific attitudes so that the quality of private and public schools in Indonesia does not have a significant difference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has been carried out that aims to investigate the effect of the Biology laboratory activities model based on creative research projects on high school students' creative disposition and creative thinking skills. The study used an experimental method on as many as 66 high school students in class X MTPA at one of the senior high schools in Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara. A total of 32 students were grouped as the experimental class and 34 students in the control class. The Experimental class students learn with a Biology laboratory work model based on a creative research project and a control class with a verification laboratory work model. The research data were collected using a creative disposition questionnaire and a biological creative thinking skill test. The results showed that the creative research project-based laboratory work was more evocative and significantly different from the creative biological disposition than the verification laboratory work. This laboratory work model is also better and significantly different in improving creative thinking skills than verified laboratory work. The research concludes that creative disposition and creative thinking skills can be improved through a research project-based laboratory work model. Based on these results, it is recommended for high school biology teachers to apply it in learning to foster students' scientific creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific writing skills as one of the aspects of scientific literacy enable students to have thinking competencies in sustainability that facilitate problem-solving related to real-world sustainability issues, challenges, and opportunities. Many studies have been engaging to search various strategies to support students' scientific literacy by applying scientific practices. Peer review is the critical evaluation of an academic's work by scientists in the same or similar field of study to ensure the research report is valid dan original scientifically. This study aimed to investigate the effect of peer review on pre-service biology teachers' scientific writing skills. For this purpose, a single group pre-post evaluation design was conducted with 208 pre-service biology teachers. The instrument used to measure scientific writing skills is a practicum report assessment was carried out using a report assessment rubric. This scientific writing skill data was then analyzed using non-parametric statistical tests and further studied which aspects are most developed. The result showed that peer review helped to improve scientific writing skills on laboratory reports during the study from home in the pandemic era. While writing result and discussion part was the most improvement among other parts of the lab report. There are some other conclusions and implications of this study dealing with scientific literacy and laboratory application for teachers and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates students' interpretation of kinematics graphs. Hundred and twenty-one students who take physics class were chosen to solve problems that involved analyzing graphs about position, velocity, and acceleration versus time. Interviews were conducted to reveal the students' difficulties while solving kinematics problems. The result emphasizes that students were able to determine velocity (if given position-time graph) and acceleration (if given velocity-time graph). However, students faced difficulty in selecting textual descriptions and choosing the corresponding graph if given a kinematics graph. These findings suggest that learning physics should be increased emphasis on analyzing kinematics graph deeply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is aimed to impact senior high school students' creative thinking and communication skills as the impact of the implementation of a new model called ICARE-MBI2 (ICARE-U) on renewable energy material. The study method was quasi-experimental. The topic of this study is Renewable Energy. The independent variable of this study is Introduction, Connection, Application, Reflection, Extension-Multimedia Based Integrated Instruction (ICARE-U). The independent variable is creative thinking and communication skills. The research design of this study was quasi-experimental with one group pretest-postest design. The participants of this research are twelve grade students who come from Senior High School in Bandar Lampung (13-man students which called "Mekhanai", and 16-women called "Muli"). Instruments used in this study are the syllabus, lesson plans, learning web, student worksheets, and test items. The data was obtained from the respondents through validity, reliability, and scalogram as a product of Rasch Analysis. The results of this study present that validity score was 92.9 % and reliability was 0.971 characterized as very high. Furthermore, trough Scalogram as a product of Rasch analysis, it can be concluded that "Mekhanai" has a greater value than "Muli". So, the learning using the ICARE-U has more impact on Mekhanai's students' creative thinking skills and communication on energy source materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to produce a learning design based on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). In this ESD-based learning design, researchers chose material about environmental pollution in science subjects for class VII. There are 3 stages of learning in this learning design. Researchers design ESD-based learning with a Project Based Learning (PjBL) model and a scientific approach that is expected to achieve several goals in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's), including quality education, clean water and proper sanitation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems. This study uses the Research and Development method with the 4D model to develop learning tools in the form of Learning Implementation Plan and Student Worksheets. The 4D model consists of 4 stages of research, namely Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate, there are several steps in each stage. The 4D model to produce learning tools, namely 1 Learning Implementation Plan and 1 Student Worksheets based on STEM (Science and Engineering Mathematics) which consists of 3 core activities, namely Engage in the form of problem identification. Explore, is a brainstorming activity to find solutions in the form of projects in overcoming environmental pollution and design projects. Evaluation, in the form of identifying student processes in finding solutions, problems that hinder project creation, and how to overcome them. The conclusion of this research is that this research and development produces teaching tools, namely a lesson plan and a student worksheet that has been validated by experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to interpret the inventory of critical thinking skills of high school students in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic on momentum and impulse materials in Subang Regency. This research is quantitative descriptive. The sample in this study amounted to 91 high school students who selected using purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics. The instrument used consisted of 10 multiple choice questions which were developed based on indicators of critical thinking skills according to Ennis. The results showed that students' critical thinking skills in the elementary clarification aspect had a percentage of 47.99% in the medium category, the basic support aspect 32.42% in the low category, the inference aspect 39.93% in the low category, the advance clarification aspect had 23.08 % with low category and strategy and tactics aspect 43.96% with medium category. Overall, the percentage of critical thinking skills of high school students in Subang Regency when learning online is 37.48%. Statistical results show that the Asymp.Sig value is 0.893>0.05, which means that there is no significant difference between the critical thinking skills of male students and female students. The conclusion, the critical thinking skills of high school students towards momentum and impulse material in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic in Subang Regency are still in the low category. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts especially during the Covid-19 pandemic to improve the critical thinking skills of high school students regarding momentum and impulse materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Education during the Covid-19 pandemic must continue with all the consequences and limitations. The Distance Learning Policy is the solution provided by the government in this condition, learning at one of the SMAIT Boarding in West Java carries out learning with a limitation on the number of students, so teachers are required to make learning with two methods, namely online and offline. This study compares the effectiveness of learning with Virtual laboratory in the form of simulations and interactive animations for online class and Real Laboratory for offline classes on vector material. The research method used is a mixed-method by comparing the effectiveness of student learning outcomes, questionnaire results, findings during the learning process, and interviews with student representatives from three classes with a total sample of 89 people. The analysis shows that there are differences in learning outcomes between online and offline classes. Then students in offline classes can communicate more with teachers, practice motor skills, and the range of student scores is not far away, while online classes can better understand by independent study, lack of communication with teachers, and the range of student scores is very far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical Thinking Skills are one of the skills that can be created in science learning, including physics lessons. The reason for this study is to measure students' critical thinking skills in a physics lesson, namely impulse and momentum. The subjects of this study were students of K-10 Students of Minang Tribe in Padang City aged 15 to 16 years. Students consist of 14 male students called "bujang" and 16 female students called "gadih". This research is a single case study with embedded design. The instrument was a critical thinking skill test that has been validated by the expert. The instrument used was 5 essay test questions with five different aspects of critical thinking skills, including elementary clarification, basic support, inference, advance clarification, and strategy and tactics. Each aspect consists of several different indicators which are then developed into five essay questions represented by one question for each aspect. Indicators and aspects of critical thinking skills. The question instrument used has been validated with the validation results in the high and very high categories. The results of the test pointed out that good understanding is 6.66%, no understanding is 56% and misconception is 37.34%. The inference is the need for the realization of learning that train students' critical thinking skills such as the development of instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching and learning during pandemic which unable the student to provide face to face class. Therefore, we need to provide the material for online teaching and learn to be more engaged. The purpose of the study was to investigate students' Motivation toward Science Learning (SMTSL) using Inquiry-based Learning supported by Instagram in light and optic topic. The method of this study is using a pre-experimental design one-shot case study. The instrument of collecting data using the Students' Motivation Towards Science Learning (SMTSL) questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 35 questions with 9 questions in a negative statement. The questionnaire is divided into six aspects. There are self-efficacy, active learning strategy, science learning value, performance goal, achievement goal, and learning environment simulation. The samples of this study consist of 17 students of 8th-grade students from one of the Junior High Schools in Bandung, Kuala Lumpur, and Yogyakarta. The result of the study shows that the students' have a good motivation, with an average score of 75.71%. The highest n-gain in science learning value domain with 82.82% which described as very good motivation. The lowest n-gain result is in self-efficacy and performance goal domain with 70.29% which described as good motivation. Implementing inquiry-based learning supported by Instagram can gain the students' motivation in learning science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online learning in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic forces students to adapt to new ways of learning. This situation has an impact on students' mastery of concepts, especially in learning physics. This study aims to identify student difficulties with the mechanical wave characteristics concept in online learning in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. This case study used semi-structured interviews consisted of 8 mechanical wave characteristics concept understanding open-ended questions adapted from MWCS. The interviews were conducted with five eleventh grade high school students to identify their difficulties with the wave characteristics concept. A female student from a private high school, two female students, and two male students from two public high schools in two different regions. Data analysis was conduct by making transcripts, coding the transcripts, and drawing ideas from the codes. This study found that students had difficulty determining the role of frequency and amplitude in everyday sound phenomena. In addition, the participants did not realize that sound waves are longitudinal. In the context of wave velocity, students tend towards mathematical formulas oriented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Misconception is well-known as barrier to students in learning science, and any studies have tried to get information about the type of misconception and try to remediate the common misconception after finding the cause of it. A study about how to provide information about an overview of the light interferences concept in physics was conducted to analyze pre-service teacher misconceptions about the interferences and provide solutions with conceptual change text-based analogy model in learning processing qualitatively. Data were collected/obtained from Open ended question in worksheet of exploration phase (WEF) and Open ended question in worksheet of concept application phase (WCA). The study resulted in explanation that misconceptions occur in the pre service teacher, especially in the matter of the interferences. They thought that the phenomena of light interference are symptoms that show the properties of reflected and refracted light, so they explain the concept of interference symptoms with the concept of light as geometric optics. In fact, it is a symptom that shows the properties of light in the context of physical optics, namely to prove that light is a wave is misconception, and its application in daily life (colors on soap bubbles, rainbow after raining in the afternoon) as well. Actually they are caused by light refraction, namely the refraction of monochromatic light into polychromatic so that the colorful symptoms on soap bubbles perceive as a characteristic of polarization symptoms, namely the colors are formed from overlapping light waves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific process skills (SPS) are important as the basis for developing the skills of the 21st century that are required to face the industrial era 4.0 and society 5.0. However, the Covid-19 pandemic allows learning to take place online so that it has an impact on the scientific process skills of students. The purpose of this study was to analyze the scientific process skills of 10th grade students at a public high school in Kabupaten Bekasi. Measured aspects of the scientific process skills include observing, interpreting, predicting, planning experiments, communicating and applying concepts. A descriptive quantitative is used as this type of research. The research sample consisted of 211 grade 10th students (133 females and 68 males) who had completed learning the concept of simple harmonic oscillation online. The data was collected through tests and interviews. The percentage of the scientific process skill test on the aspect of observing, interpreting, predicting, planning experiment, communicating and applying concepts were 48% (less), 56% (less), 58% (less), 46% (less), 46% (less) and 45% (less), respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts in online learning to improve scientific process skills of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study produces educational physics games for mobile apps based on the journey of Joseph Black, scientists in the thermodynamics field. These apps aim to support the medium for learning physics. The study used the research and development method with the ADDIE approach. The steps are analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Physics educational game application, "Black Journey," contains a puzzle-type game consisting of five missions. The award that players will receive is in the form of scores and facts about the life story of the physicist Joseph Black. One part of the reward explained finding the Black Principle related to temperature and heat. This game also discusses another research conducted by Joseph Black. The product assessment by media experts has 90% and by material experts is 97.9%. The Black Journey apps also have a trial on high school physics teachers with a feasibility percentage of 84.72%. The results obtained are in the "very feasible" category. Thus, it can be concluded that The Black Journey apps are suitable for the use of learning companion media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physics education research about student's attitudes in formal education have put out a large number of papers. This paper reports a descriptive-quantitative about attitude towards physics female students on Islamic Boarding School. The subject of research were female student's Junior High School whose have around 12-15 years old in 7th until 9th grade. The instrument to measure attitude towards physics is adopted from The Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey (CLASS). The research has been designed as preliminary study, in order to collect data attitude toward physics so the instrument CLASS was administered online to all participated students. Obtained data were analyzed by using CLASS Scoring Tool and ANOVA by IBM SPSS Statistics 22. This research found that overall students have positive attitude towards physics. Especially on personal interest, real world connection, problem solving general, problem solving confidence, and senses making/effort categories. But have less positive attitude toward physics in problem solving sophistication, conceptual understanding and applied conceptual understanding. Furthermore, there were significant difference in average of attitudes toward physics based on age-level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Misconceptions is one of the classic problems faced in learning physics in senior senior high schools. This research was conducted to test the use of analogy supported computer based reputational text (AS-CBRText) in remedial teaching physics to obtain depiction about its effectiveness in remediating misconception in senior high school students regarding the concept of batteries's exhaustion. AS-CBRText is written in computer format and analogy used to support text in the form of dynamic analogies packaged in a video analogy. The methodology performed in this study was pre-experiment with a one group pretest and posttest design. The investigation subjects were 40 students from one senior high school in Riau Province. The data collection instrument used in this research was the conception diagnostic test in a four-tier test format related to the concept of runs out battery. The outcomes indicated that the practice of AS-CBRText could be remediate misconceptions of more than 70% of senior high school students related to the concept of runs out battery. These results indicate that the use of AS-CBRText has a high efficiency in facilitating the change of conception of senior high school students from a state of misconception to a scientific conception regarding the runs out battery concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As technology advances, science teachers will need to be able to create technology-based teaching materials. However, this must be accompanied by a thorough understanding of concepts, so that the use of technology in learning is consistent with the correct concept. This study aims to determine the profile of understanding the concepts and abilities of earth and space science (ESS) based on technology of prospective teacher elementary school. Participants in the study were six semesters of prospective elementary school teachers who took a science concentration (N=75) at a Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Jakarta, Indonesia.The instrument used to measure the understanding of the ESS concept was 70 multiple choice questions, while the instrument used to measure the ability to create technology-based teaching materials was 13 self-assessment items. Data was analyzed by calculating the average score. The findings revealed that the level of understanding of the concept was in the poor category (51.33%) while the ability to make technology-based teaching materials was in the very poor category (49.74%). This shows the need to improve conceptual understanding and the ability to create technology-based teaching materials. It is proposed that a lecture program be developed for prospective elementary school teachers with the goal of enhancing conceptual comprehension and the ability to create technology-based ESS teaching materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of relevant research on Scientific Explanation, especially in the context of ESS lectures in order to have potential in thinking skills. This review of his research is supported by Arskey and O'Malley's five-stage framework. The first stage is to identify the research question. The second stage, identifying relevant research by including research relevant to the last ten years using the keyword 'Scientific explanations + learning physics'. The third stage, study selection through inclusion and exclusion criteria. The fourth stage is to graph the data with the selected articles and map them with various dimensions. The fifth stage, compiling, summarizing and reporting the results of the selected research from the last 10 years. The findings from the scoping review are illustrated in a set of studies that reflect the importance of a must-have scientific explanatory ability. Indicators that must be developed in ESS learning so as to describe the characteristics of scientific explanation abilities with three component indicators, namely students must be able to provide claims in answering the original questions, provide evidence to support these claims and provide rationale with justification that connects claims with evidence. The findings from this scoping review will also be discussed with various dimensions such as the learning model used to improve scientific explanation skills in providing a broader starting point for the scientific explanations literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]