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151. Nonsmooth Modal Analysis: From the Discrete to the Continuous Settings

Author: Anders Thorin, Mathias Legrand, Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Remco Leine, Vincent Acary, and Olivier Brüls
Subjects: Physics, Modal analysis, Structural system, Spectrum (functional analysis), Mathematical analysis, [SPI.MECA.VIBR]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], Unilateral contact, Space (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], 010305 fluids & plasmas, Vibration, Nonlinear system, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.SOLID]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph], 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.GCIV.DV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Dynamique, vibrations, [SPI.GCIV.STRUCT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Structures, 010301 acoustics
Abstract: International audience; This chapter addresses the prediction of vibratory resonances in nonsmooth structural systems via Nonsmooth Modal Analysis. Nonsmoothness in the trajectories is induced by unilateral contact conditions in the governing (in)equations. Semi-analytical and numerical state-of-the-art solution methods are detailed. The significance of nonsmooth modal analysis is illustrated in simplified one-dimensional space semi-discrete and continuous frameworks whose theoretical and numerical discrepancies are explained. This contribution establishes clear evidence of correlation between periodically forced and autonomous unilaterally constrained oscillators. It is also shown that strategies using semi-discretization in space are not suitable for nonsmooth modal analysis. The spectrum of vibration exhibits an intricate network of backbone curves with no parallel in nonlinear smooth systems.
Published: 2018

152. Trial of fingolimod versus interferon beta-1a in pediatric multiple sclerosis

Author: Chitnis, T, Arnold, Dl, Banwell, B, Brück, W, Ghezzi, A, Giovannoni, G, Greenberg, B, Krupp, L, Rostásy, K, Tardieu, M, Waubant, E, Wolinsky, Js, Bar-Or, A, Stites, T, Chen, Y, Putzki, N, Merschhemke, M, Gärtner, Collaborators (85): Kornberg A, J, Bajer-Kornek, B, Likhachev, S, Pereira Gomes Neto, A, Diniz, D, Paz, J, Alvarenga, R, Bojinova-Tchamova, V, Mah, J, Venkateswaran, S, Hafner, K, Gross-Paju, K, Brochet, B, Cheuret, E, Rivier, F, Deiva, K, Milh, M, Blaschek, A, Trollmann, R, Korinthenberg, R, Luecke, T, Ziemssen, T, Pozzilli, C, Patti, F, Comi, G, Marfia, G, Grimaldi, L, Trojano, M, Zaffaroni, M, Capra, R, Brescia Morra, V, Rozentals, G, Laurynaitiene, J, Vaiciene-Magistris, N, Castro Farfan, F, Quinones, S, Steinborn, B, Ujma-Czapska, B, Stasiolek, M, Jasinski, M, Craiu, D, Boyko, A, Kairbekova, E, Khabirov, F, Kuzenkova, L, Malkova, N, Nikolic, D, Jancic, J, Gebauer-Bukurov, K, Payerova, J, Gascon Jiménez, F, Izquierdo Ayuso, G, Mendibe Bilbao, M, Hintzen, R, Fernandez Sanchez VE, Meca Lallana, V, Montalban Gairin, X, Nordborg, K, Anlar, B, Yalcinkaya, C, Gucuyener, K, Terzi, M, Ozakbas, S, Yilmaz, U, Makedonska, I, Prokopenko, K, Tantsura, L, Moskovko, S, Kobys, T, Muratova, T, Nehrych, T, Prykhodko, T, Hemingway, C, Wassmer, E, Shetty, J, Desai, J, Waldman, A, Chinea Martinez, A, Ness, J, Rammohan, K, Lloyd, M, Williams, M, Ayala, R, Davis, R, Bhise, V, Brigham & Women’s Hospital [Boston] (BWH), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Immunologie antivirale systémique et cérébrale, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-IFR93-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Administration, Oral, administration, oral, adolescent, brain, child, female, fingolimod hydrochloride, headache, humans, immunologic factors, infection, injections, intramuscular, interferon-beta, leukopenia, magnetic resonance imaging, male, multiple sclerosis, relapsing-remitting, secondary prevention, medicine (all), law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Interferon, law, Medicine, Secondary prevention, General Medicine, Fingolimod, 3. Good health, Settore MED/26 - Neurologia, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Infections, Injections, Intramuscular, Adolescent, Brain, Child, Female, Fingolimod Hydrochloride, Headache, Humans, Immunologic Factors, Infection, Interferon-beta, Leukopenia, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting, Secondary Prevention, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Interferon beta-1a, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, 030104 developmental biology, Multicenter study, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Treatment of patients younger than 18 years of age with multiple sclerosis has not been adequately examined in randomized trials. We compared fingolimod with interferon beta-1a in this population. METHODS: In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients 10 to 17 years of age with relapsing multiple sclerosis in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral fingolimod at a dose of 0.5 mg per day (0.25 mg per day for patients with a body weight of
Published: 2018

153. Étudier la musique sous toutes ses formes: la démultiplication des approches scientifiques en musicologie

Author: Féron, François-Xavier, Guastavino, Catherine, Féron, François-Xavier, Equipe Analyse des pratiques musicales, Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: [SHS.MUSIQ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts, [SHS.MUSIQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts, musicologie empirique, acoustique musicale, représentation du son, psychoacoustique, descripteurs audio
Abstract: International audience; La musicologie, en tant que discipline académique, est née au XIXe siècle dans le sillage des pratiques philologiques. Au cours de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, les objets d’étude et approches méthodologiques se sont diversifiés. Cet article ne prétend pas offrir une vision d’ensemble des recherches scientifiques qui se penchent sur la musique mais cherche à illustrer les bienfaits d’une approche interdisciplinaire à travers la présentation de quelques cas d’études révélant les liens féconds entre la musicologie d’une part, et l’acoustique, le traitement du signal ou la psychologie cognitive d’autre part.
Published: 2018

154. Association between hypovitaminosis D and cognitive inhibition impairment during major depression episode

Author: Gustavo Turecki, Stéphane Richard-Devantoy, Cédric Annweiler, Fabrice Jollant, S. Pichet, Olivier Beauchet, Raoul Belzeaux, J.A. Bertrand, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine (UPD5 Médecine), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), McGill Group for Suicide Studies, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and Douglas Mental Health University Institute
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Internal medicine, medicine, Vitamin D and neurology, Humans, Cognitive skill, Vitamin D, 10. No inequality, Major depressive episode, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, 2. Zero hunger, Depressive Disorder, Major, Depressive Disorder, Depression, Dépression, Major, Middle Aged, Vitamin D Deficiency, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Cognitive inhibition, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Seasons, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Cognition Disorders, Body mass index, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Stroop effect, Clinical psychology
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Major depressive episode (MDE) has been associated with cognitive functioning alteration and hypovitaminosis D (hypoVD), but the relationship between hypoVD, depression, and cognition is not well understood. We aimed to compare patient with MDE with or without hypoVD in regard of cognitive functioning.METHODS: 91 patients (38.5 years old, 65.9% female) with MDE were included in a cross-sectional study and were evaluated with a complete cognitive battery. None of the participants were medicated at the time of the inclusion. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured using LC-MS/MS method, and hypovitaminosis was defined as 25OHD < 50nmol/L. Covariates were gender, season of dosage, first MDE onset, age, body mass index and depression severity RESULTS: Patients with hypoVD demonstrated a higher stroop intereference index time underscoring that means low cognitive inhibition ability. Mutiple logistic regression confirmed that hypoVD was significantly associated with high stroop interference time index after controlling by gender, season of dosage, first MDE onset, age, body mass index and depression severity.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that patient with MDE having hypoVD may be more prone to cognitive impairment.
Published: 2018

155. A Tridiagonalization Method for Symmetric and Quasi-Definite Saddle-Point Systems (CM 2018, Colorado, USA)

Author: Buttari, Alfredo, Orban, Dominique, Ruiz, Daniel, Titley-Peloquin, David, Grélaud, Françoise, Algorithmes Parallèles et Optimisation (IRIT-APO), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d’études et de recherche en analyse des décisions (GERAD), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Front Range Scientific Computations, Inc, Boulder, Colorado, University of Colorado, Sandia National Labs, Emory University, and Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics: SIAM Activity Group on Linear Algebra
Subjects: [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO] Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: Communication orale; International audience; We consider the solution of symmetric saddle-point systems with symmetric and positive definite leading block. Such systems arise in numerous applications, including optimization, fluid dynamics, and data assimilation. In the large-scale case, or the case where the blocks are only available as operators, it is common to employ a Krylov method. Prime candidates are the methods MINRES and SYMMLQ of Paige and Saunders, both of which were designed with general symmetric indefinite systems in mind, but neither of which exploits the specific block structure of the system. The main idea stems from the simple observation that the solution the system with right-hand side (b,c) may be written as the sum of the solutions of the same system with right-hand sides (b,0) and (0,c). In turn, those two systems are the optimality conditions of a least-squares and a least-norm problem. We propose an approach that meshes an iterative method for least-squares problems with one for least-norm problems in such a way that both problems can be solved in one pass. Each iteration of the proposed procedure has the same cost and almost the same storage requirements as one iteration of MINRES or SYMMLQ but only roughly half as many iterations are required. Our approach is based on an orthogonal tridiagonalization process initially proposed by Saunders, Simon and Yip in 1988 for square, but not necessarily symmetric, matrices. The process suggests two approaches of the Krylov kind for solving a linear system: one of the minimum-residual kind in the vein of MINRES and named USYMQR, and one of the minimum-norm kind in the vein of SYMMLQ and named USYMLQ. The tridiagonalization process reduces to the symmetric Lanczos process in the symmetric case but differs from the Golub-Kahan biorthogonalization process in that it must be initialized with two vectors. As a consequence, both USYMQR and USYMLQ can be used in conjunction to solve a system and an adjoint system at the same time. We present preconditioned and regularized variants that apply to symmetric and quasi-definite linear systems and illustrate the performance of our implementation on systems coming from optimization and fluid flow. We also present variants of the tridiagonalization procedure specifically designed to address rank-deficient problems.
Published: 2018

156. Dissociable effects of practice variability on learning motor and timing skills

Author: Marcelo M. Wanderley, Baptiste Caramiaux, Caroline Palmer, Frédéric Bevilacqua, Extreme Interaction (EX-SITU), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Psychology [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Schulich School of Music [Montréal], Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, and CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Audio Signal Processing, lcsh:Medicine, Social Sciences, Hands, computer.software_genre, Task (project management), Random Allocation, Database and Informatics Methods, 0302 clinical medicine, Learning and Memory, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, lcsh:Science, Audio signal processing, Musculoskeletal System, Motor skill, Multidisciplinary, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Movement (music), 05 social sciences, Test (assessment), Arms, Motor Skills, Engineering and Technology, Female, Anatomy, Transfer of learning, Sequence Analysis, Cognitive psychology, Research Article, Adult, Schedule, Bioinformatics, Transfer, Psychology, Research and Analysis Methods, 050105 experimental psychology, Fingers, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Human Learning, Humans, Learning, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Set (psychology), Comparative Sequence Analysis, lcsh:R, Limbs (Anatomy), Cognitive Psychology, Biology and Life Sciences, Practice, Psychological, Signal Processing, Cognitive Science, lcsh:Q, computer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Music, Neuroscience
Abstract: International audience; Motor skill acquisition inherently depends on the way one practices the motor task. The amount of motor task variability during practice has been shown to foster transfer of the learned skill to other similar motor tasks. In addition, variability in a learning schedule, in which a task and its variations are interweaved during practice, has been shown to help the transfer of learning in motor skill acquisition. However, there is little evidence on how motor task variations and variability schedules during practice act on the acquisition of complex motor skills such as music performance, in which a performer learns both the right movements (motor skill) and the right time to perform them (timing skill). This study investigated the impact of rate (tempo) variability and the schedule of tempo change during practice on timing and motor skill acquisition. Complete novices, with no musical training, practiced a simple musical sequence on a piano keyboard at different rates. Each novice was assigned to one of four learning conditions designed to manipulate the amount of tempo variability across trials (large or small tempo set) and the schedule of tempo change (randomized or non-randomized order) during practice. At test, the novices performed the same musical sequence at a familiar tempo and at novel tempi (testing tempo transfer), as well as two novel (but related) sequences at a familiar tempo (testing spatial transfer). We found that practice conditions had little effect on learning and transfer performance of timing skill. Interestingly, practice conditions influenced motor skill learning (reduction of movement variability): lower temporal variability during practice facilitated transfer to new tempi and new sequences; non-randomized learning schedule improved transfer to new tempi and new sequences. Tempo (rate) and the sequence difficulty (spatial manipulation) affected performance variability in both timing and movement. These findings suggest that there is a dissociable effect of practice variability on learning complex skills that involve both motor and timing constraints.
Published: 2018

157. Nonlinear dynamics of slender inverted flags in axial flow

Author: Mohammad Tavallaeinejad, Mathias Legrand, Michael Païdoussis, TAVALLAEINEJAD, MOHAMMAD, Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: Physics::Fluid Dynamics, nonlinear dynamics, potential flow theory, fluid-structure interation, [NLIN] Nonlinear Sciences [physics], [NLIN]Nonlinear Sciences [physics], inverted flag
Abstract: International audience; A nonlinear fluid-elastic continuum model of a slender cantilevered plate subjected to axial flow directed from the free end to the clamped one, also known as the inverted flag problem, is proposed. A nonlinear unsteady slender wing theory is employed to express the fluid-related forces acting on the plate. It is based on potential flow theory for inviscid fluids. The Euler-Bernoulli beam theory with exact kinematics and inextensibility is employed to derive the nonlinear partial integro-differential equation governing the dynamics of the plate. Discretization in space is carried out via a conventional Galerkin scheme using the linear modeshapes of the cantilevered beam. A Newton solver is implemented to obtain equilibrium solutions and integration in time is conducted using Gear's backward differentiation formula. A bifurcation diagram in terms of flow velocity is constructed in order to gain insight on the stability and post-critical behaviour of the system. It is shown that the undeflected static equilibrium is stable prior to a supercritical Hopf bifurcation giving rise to a flapping motion around the undeflected static equilibrium. By further increasing the flow velocity, the flag displays flapping motions around deflected static equilibria and change to fully-deflected static states at even higher flow velocities. These predictions are in excellent agreement with existing experimental data available in the literature.
Published: 2018

158. Parametric Studies of Flat Plate Trajectories Using VIC and Penalization

Author: Héloïse Beaugendre, François Morency, CFD Lab [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP), Certified Adaptive discRete moDels for robust simulAtions of CoMplex flOws with Moving fronts (CARDAMOM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), PLAFRIM-CPU-MCIA, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest
Subjects: Article Subject, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:QA75.5-76.95, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], Physics::Fluid Dynamics, symbols.namesake, Acceleration, Position (vector), 0103 physical sciences, Froude number, 0101 mathematics, [INFO.INFO-MS]Computer Science [cs]/Mathematical Software [cs.MS], General Engineering, Reynolds number, Laminar flow, Mechanics, Moment of inertia, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Computer Science Applications, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], 010101 applied mathematics, Aerodynamic force, Modeling and Simulation, Horizontal position representation, symbols, lcsh:Electronic computers. Computer science, Geology, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: International audience; Flying debris is generated in several situations: when a roof is exposed to a storm, when ice accretes on rotating wind turbines, or during inflight aircraft deicing. Four dimensionless parameters play a role in the motion of flying debris. The goal of the present paper is to investigate the relative importance of four dimensionless parameters: the Reynolds number, the Froude number, the Tachikawa number, and the mass moment of inertia parameters. Flying debris trajectories are computed with a fluid-solid interaction model formulated for an incompressible 2D laminar flow. The rigid moving solid effects are modelled in the Navier-Stokes equations using penalization. A VIC scheme is used to solve the flow equations. The aerodynamic forces and moments are used to compute the acceleration and the velocity of the solid. A database of 64 trajectories is built using a two-level full factorial design for the four factors. The dispersion of the plate position at a given horizontal position decreases with the Froude number. Moreover, the Tachikawa number has a significant effect on the median plate position.
Published: 2018

159. High-Resolution Wellbore Temperature Logging Combined with a Borehole-Scale Heat Budget: Conceptual and Analytical Approaches to Characterize Hydraulically Active Fractures and Groundwater Origin

Author: J.A. Corcho-Alvarado, Guillaume Meyzonnat, Hermann Zeyen, Alexandra Mattei, Antoine Tognelli, Renald McCormack, Florent Barbecot, Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Fondation MINES ParisTech, Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection, Laboratoire de Détection et de Géophysique (CEA) (LDG), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Géosciences (GEOSCIENCES), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Envir’Eau-Puits Inc., Saint-Nicolas, Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), and MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris
Subjects: Article Subject, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Hydraulics, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Borehole, Aquifer, Soil science, 02 engineering and technology, Inflow, 01 natural sciences, Flow measurement, law.invention, law, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Advection, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Thermal conduction, 6. Clean water, 020801 environmental engineering, lcsh:Geology, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Groundwater, Geology
Abstract: International audience; This work aims to provide an overview of the thermal processes that shape wellbore temperature profiles under static and dynamicconditions. Understanding of the respective influences of advection and conduction heat fluxes is improved through the useof a new heat budget at the borehole scale. Keeping in mind the thermal processes involved, a qualitative interpretation of thetemperature profiles allows the occurrence, the position, and the origin of groundwater flowing into wellbores from hydraulicallyactive fractures to be constrained.With the use of a heat budget developed at the borehole scale, temperature logging efficiency hasbeen quantitatively enhanced and allows inflow temperatures to be calculated through the simultaneous use of a flowmeter. Undercertain hydraulic or pumping conditions, both inflow intensities and associated temperatures can also be directly modelled fromtemperature data and the use of the heat budget. Theoretical and applied examples of the heat budget application are provided.Applied examples are shown using high-resolution temperature logging, spinner flow metering, and televiewing for three wellsinstalled in fractured bedrock aquifers in the St-Lawrence Lowlands, Quebec, Canada. Through relatively rapid manipulations,thermal measurements in such cases can be used to detect the intervals or discrete positions of hydraulically active fractures inwellbores, as well as the existence of ambient flows with a high degree of sensitivity, even at very low flows. Heat budget calculationsat the borehole scale during pumping indicate that heat advection fluxes rapidly dominate over heat conduction fluxes with theborehole wall. The full characterization of inflow intensities provides information about the distribution of hydraulic propertieswith depth. The full knowledge of inflow temperatures indicates horizons that are drained from within the aquifer, providingadvantageous information on the depth from which groundwater originates during pumping.1. Introduction
Published: 2018

160. A sharp lower bound on the number of non-equivalent colorings of graphs of order n and maximum degree n − 3

Author: Absil, Romain, Camby, Eglantine, Hertz, Alain, Melot, Hadrien, Institute of Computer Science [Mons], University of Mons [Belgium] (UMONS), Graphes et Optimisation Mathématique [Bruxelles] (GOM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Integrated Optimization with Complex Structure (INOCS), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d’études et de recherche en analyse des décisions (GERAD), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), and École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)
Subjects: Non-equivalent colorings, Graphical Bell number, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Extremal theory, Fixed maximum degree
Abstract: International audience; Two vertex colorings of a graph G are equivalent if they induce the same partition of thevertex set into color classes. The graphical Bell number B(G) is the number of non-equivalentvertex colorings of G. We determine a sharp lower bound on B(G) for graphs G of order nand maximum degree n − 3, and we characterize the graphs for which the bound is attained.
Published: 2018

161. Influence of Cu adatoms on the molecular assembly of 4,4′-bipyridine on Cu(111)

Author: Frank Palmino, Alain Rochefort, Sebastien Gauthier, Marc Dubois, Xavier Bouju, Oliver Guillermet, Gaolei Zhan, Younes Makoudi, Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Fonds Québécois de Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Groupe NanoSciences (CEMES-GNS), Centre d'élaboration de matériaux et d'études structurales (CEMES), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Fonds Québécois de Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Scanning tunneling spectroscopy, Supramolecular chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Metal, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bipyridine, law, Molecule, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, 4,4'-Bipyridine, Crystallography, chemistry, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Density functional theory, Scanning tunneling microscope, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; The formation of highly organized structures based on two ligands with pyridyl functionalities, 4,4′-bipyridine (BPY) and 1,4-di(4,4′′-pyridyl) benzene (BPYB), and Cu adatoms on the Cu(111) surface has been studied with low temperature and variable temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and first-principles calculations. We show that the formation of a highly organized adlayer built from adatom–molecule and molecule–molecule units strongly depends on the number of mobile Cu atoms on the surface. While a high concentration of Cu adatoms (high adatom/BPY ratio, ≥1) leads systematically to the formation of organometallic nanolines, their absence (low adatom/BPY ratio, ≈0) gives a compact self-assembled molecular network, and more specifically hydrogen-bond networks (HBN) with BPY molecules organized in a T-shaped fashion. Alternatively, an intermediate concentration of Cu adatoms (0 < adatom/BPY < 1) allows the formation of a well-organized and compact structure where both organometallic and HBN components coexist. Although STM images cannot clearly reveal the presence of Cu adatoms within the organometallic moiety, the bonding of BPY to a single or two Cu adatoms can be clearly identified by scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), and is supported by Density Functional Theory (DFT) results. Additional STM simulations suggest that the relative position of the Cu adatom with respect to the organic ligands just above has a significant impact on its detection by STM. This study exemplifies the prominent role of metallic adatoms on the formation of a complex organometallic network and should open more rational practices to optimize the formation of these supramolecular networks
Published: 2018

162. Rotor-stator interaction: formulation, reduction and simulation of a nonsmooth thermo-elastic model

Author: Anders Thorin, Nicolas Guérin, Mathias Legrand, Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: nonsmooth dynamics, thermomechanics, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], friction, turbomachines, rotor-stator interaction, unilateral contact
Abstract: International audience; In turbomachines, heat fluxes are generated during unilateral contact and frictional rotor-stator interactions. Though they are expected to play a significant role in the overall dynamics of engines, their precise influence in the dynamics is not well understood. This contribution proposes a blade-casing reduced-order thermomechanical model involving unilateral contact and frictional terms formulated as a Measure Differential Inclusion together with various numerical methods able to properly capture the dynamics. Comparison with less advanced explicit time-marching schemes is provided. It is shown that the MDI discretized via an implicit scheme is more robust. A sensitivity analysis to the thermal coupling and model reduction is provided. It is found that the proposed solution method sets a sound basis for efficient numerical simulations of thermomechanical rub occurrences in turbomachinery.
Published: 2017

163. Brain functional connectivity mirrors genetic pleiotropy in psychiatric conditions

Author: Clara A Moreau, Kuldeep Kumar, Annabelle Harvey, Guillaume Huguet, Sebastian G W Urchs, Laura M Schultz, Hanad Sharmarke, Khadije Jizi, Charles-Olivier Martin, Nadine Younis, Petra Tamer, Jean-Louis Martineau, Pierre Orban, Ana Isabel Silva, Jeremy Hall, Marianne B M van den Bree, Michael J Owen, David E J Linden, Sarah Lippé, Carrie E Bearden, Laura Almasy, David C Glahn, Paul M Thompson, Thomas Bourgeron, Pierre Bellec, Sebastien Jacquemont, Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine / Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital [Montreal, Canada], Université de Montréal (UdeM)-CHU Sainte Justine [Montréal], Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal (CRIUSMM), Cardiff University, Maastricht University [Maastricht], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC), Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior [Los Angeles, Ca], University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Pennsylvania, Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), This research was supported by Compute Canada (ID 3037 and gsf-624), the Brain Canada Multi-Investigator Research Initiative (MIRI), Canada First Research Excellence Fund, IVADO, Canada First Research Excellence Fund (Healthy Brain Healthy Lives) (S.J.). S.J. is a recipient of a Canada Research Chair in neurodevelopmental disorders, and a chair from the Jeanne et Jean Louis Levesque Foundation. This work was supported by a grant from the ‘Fondation Brain Canada’ Multi-Investigator initiative (S.J.) and a grant from The Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR 400528, S.J.). The Cardiff CNV cohort was supported by the Wellcome Trust Strategic Award ‘DEFINE’ and the National Centre for Mental Health with funds from Health and Care Research Wales (code 100202/Z/12/Z). The CHUV cohort was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Maillard Anne, Project, PMPDP3 171331). Data from the UCLA cohort provided by C.E.B. (participants with 22q11.2 deletions or duplications and controls) was supported through grants from the NIH (U54EB020403), NIMH (R01MH085953, R01MH100900, 1U01MH119736, R21MH116473) and the Simons Foundation (SFARI Explorer Award). Finally, data from another study were obtained through the OpenFMRI project (http://openfmri.org) from the Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics (CNP), which was supported by National Institutes of Health Roadmap for Medical Research grants UL1-DE019580, RL1MH083268, RL1MH083269, RL1DA024853, RL1MH083270, RL1LM009833, PL1MH083271 and PL1NS062410. P.B. is a fellow (‘Chercheur boursier Junior 2’) of the ‘Fonds de recherche du Québec—Santé’, Data preprocessing and analyses were supported in part by the Courtois foundation (P.B.). This work was supported by Simons Foundation grant nos. SFARI219193 and SFARI274424. We thank all of the families at the participating SVIP (VIP) sites, as well as the Simons VIP Consortium. We appreciate obtaining access to imaging and phenotypic data on SFARI Base. Approved researchers can obtain the Simons VIP population dataset described in this study by applying at https://base.sfari.org. We are grateful to all families who participated in the 16p11.2 European Consortium. P.M.T. was funded in part by the National Institutes of Health grants R01MH116147, P41EB015922, R01MH111671 and U01 AG068057. P.T. received the Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) Scholarship., RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, Psychiatry 1, RS: MHeNs - R1 - Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, and RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience
Subjects: copy-number variant, pleiotropy, functional connectivity, autism spectrum disorder, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), psychiatry
Abstract: Pleiotropy occurs when a genetic variant influences more than one trait. This is a key property of the genomic architecture of psychiatric disorders and has been observed for rare and common genomic variants. It is reasonable to hypothesize that the microscale genetic overlap (pleiotropy) across psychiatric conditions and cognitive traits may lead to similar overlaps at the macroscale brain level such as large-scale brain functional networks. We took advantage of brain connectivity, measured by resting-state functional MRI to measure the effects of pleiotropy on large-scale brain networks, a putative step from genes to behaviour. We processed nine resting-state functional MRI datasets including 32 726 individuals and computed connectome-wide profiles of seven neuropsychiatric copy-number-variants, five polygenic scores, neuroticism and fluid intelligence as well as four idiopathic psychiatric conditions. Nine out of 19 pairs of conditions and traits showed significant functional connectivity correlations (rFunctional connectivity), which could be explained by previously published levels of genomic (rGenetic) and transcriptomic (rTranscriptomic) correlations with moderate to high concordance: rGenetic—rFunctional connectivity = 0.71 [0.40–0.87] and rTranscriptomic—rFunctional connectivity = 0.83 [0.52; 0.94]. Extending this analysis to functional connectivity profiles associated with rare and common genetic risk showed that 30 out of 136 pairs of connectivity profiles were correlated above chance. These similarities between genetic risks and psychiatric disorders at the connectivity level were mainly driven by the overconnectivity of the thalamus and the somatomotor networks. Our findings suggest a substantial genetic component for shared connectivity profiles across conditions and traits, opening avenues to delineate general mechanisms—amenable to intervention—across psychiatric conditions and genetic risks.
Published: 2023

164. Regulatory B Cells Contribute to the Clinical Response After Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Infusion in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis

Author: Séverine Loisel, Pauline Lansiaux, Delphine Rossille, Cédric Ménard, Joëlle Dulong, Céline Monvoisin, Nadège Bescher, Isabelle Bézier, Maëlle Latour, Audrey Cras, Dominique Farge, Karin Tarte, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Microenvironment and B-cells: Immunopathology,Cell Differentiation, and Cancer (MOBIDIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Etablissement français du sang [Rennes] (EFS Bretagne)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis - Hématologie Immunologie Oncologie (Département de recherche de l’UFR de médecine, ex- Institut Universitaire Hématologie-IUH) (IRSL), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Innovations thérapeutiques en hémostase = Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis (IThEM - U1140), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Recherche clinique appliquée à l'hématologie (URP_3518), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and AOM 11â€'250, National Hospital Clinical Research Program
Subjects: immune monitoring, systemic sclerosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], clinical trial, Breg, Cell Biology, General Medicine, mesenchymal stromal cells, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have recently emerged as an interesting therapeutic approach for patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (SSc), a rare and life-threatening orphan autoimmune disease. Whereas MSC immunomodulatory potential is considered as a central mechanism for their clinical benefit, very few data are available on the impact of MSCs on immune cell subsets in vivo. In the current extended study of a phase I/II clinical trial exploring the injection of a single dose of allogeneic bone marrow-MSCs (alloBM-MSCs) in patients with severe SSc (NCT02213705), we performed a longitudinal in-depth characterization of circulating immune cells in 19 MSC-treated patients, including 14 responders and 5 non-responders. By a combination of flow cytometry and transcriptomic analyses, we highlighted an increase in circulating CD24hiCD27posCD38lo/neg memory B cells, the main IL-10-producing regulatory B cell (Breg) subset, and an upregulation of IL10 expression in ex-vivo purified B cells, specifically in responder patients, early after the alloBM-MSC infusion. In addition, a deeper alteration of the B-cell compartment before alloBM-MSC treatment, including a higher expression of profibrotic cytokines IL6 and TGFβ by sorted B cells was associated with a non-responder clinical status. Finally, BM-MSCs were able to directly upregulate IL-10 production in activated B cells in vitro. These data suggest that cytokine-producing B cells, in particular Breg, are pivotal effectors of BM-MSC therapeutic activity in SSc. Their quantification as activity biomarkers in MSC potency assays and patient selection criteria may be considered to reach optimal clinical benefit when designing MSC-based clinical trials.
Published: 2023

165. Perceived suitability of reverberation in large coupled volume concert halls

Author: Paul Luizard, Catherine Guastavino, Brian F. G. Katz, GIPSA - Group aeroacoustics, modeling and application (GIPSA-GAMA), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Audio et Acoustique (AA), Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la Mécanique et les Sciences de l'Ingénieur (LIMSI), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université - UFR d'Ingénierie (UFR 919), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université - UFR d'Ingénierie (UFR 919), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: Reverberation, Cross-correlation, Acoustics, Architectural element, Sound energy, Geometrical acoustics, General Medicine, Impulse (physics), Curvature, Auralization, Psychology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: Large acoustically coupled volumes can be found in a variety of places such as churches, factories, train stations, and concert halls, where sound reverberation occurs. In recent decades, coupled volume concert halls have garnered increasing attention (Beranek, 2004) as the use of reverberation chambers can provide both sound clarity and reverberance due to the nonexponential temporal sound energy decay. Furthermore, variations of clarity and reverberance are essentially controlled by modifying the coupling area between the adjacent volumes. The present study focuses on the appreciation of changes in reverberation in terms of perceived suitability for different musical instruments or ensembles. Reverberation is often described in terms of reverberation time (reaction time [RT]), defined as the time required for the energy of a stopped sound to decay by 60 dB. However this metric does not provide a unique quantification of the decay profile and is therefore not sufficient to characterize nonexponential decays. To focus the study on physically possible variations of a given architectural space, the present study relies on variations of an architectural element, the coupling area, which embeds acoustical parameter variations, estimated from room impulse responses. Participants were asked to rate the suitability of reverberation settings for different instruments and ensembles. The sound stimuli were synthesized with an auralization method, providing control over the coupling area.Previous ResearchSingle volume concert halls have been widely studied while in comparison little research has been conducted on perceptual aspects of coupled volume concert halls. Perceptual thresholds, or just noticeable differences (JND), based on reverberation time have been estimated in large single volume rooms (Billon & Embrechts, 2012; Katz, 2004; Seraphim, 1958) and were found to lie between 5% and 10% of a given RT value (for RT 1.0 sec). In coupled volume concert halls, a recent study (Luizard et al., 2013; Luizard et al., 2015) based on an architectural parameter whose variations affect the room reverberance found a perceptual threshold of changes of 10% of a given open coupling area.Previous research has determined that although discrimination performance does not seem to depend on sound material (Frissen et al., 2010), reverberation preference, or evaluation, depends on the sound material (Frissen et al., 2010; Kuhl, 1954) proposed to the listeners. Preference for reverberation in the context of concert hall design has been previously studied (Ando et al., 1997) with the definition of four subjective criteria: sound level, initial time delay gap, reverberance, and interaural cross correlation; these acoustical parameters being defined in the ISO standard (ISO 3382-1, 2009). Another study (Ando et al., 1982) in single volume concert halls has shown that long reverberation times (around 2.7 sec.) were preferred for baroque music played with an orchestra, slow classical music required lower RTs (around 1.2 sec.) and preferred RTs for speech were 0.3 sec. However, another research group (Schroeder et al., 1974) has tested one of these classical music pieces using the characteristics of 11 concert halls and listeners preferred the stimuli corresponding to an RT 2.0 sec. This discrepancy can be explained by variations in stimuli parameters other than RT, such as initial time delay gap or interaural cross correlation, which are linked to spatial aspects and depend on the room geometry. Preference of reverberation in coupled volumes as compared to single-slope reverberation has been studied (Ermann, 2007) by means of listening tests with sound stimuli generated by ray-tracing software with no significant differences being observed between single-slope and double-slope reverberation.Preference of reverberation within coupled spaces has also been studied (Bradley & Wang, 2010) by means of geometrical acoustics simulations with participants preferring low to medium levels of decay curvature, as compared to high levels of curvature and classical linear slope exponential reverberation. …
Published: 2015

166. Predicting the timing of dynamic events through sound: Bouncing balls

Author: Anatoliy V. Kharkhurin, Bruno L. Giordano, Valeriy Shafiro, Brian Gygi, Peter Xinya Zhang, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: Male, Sound localization, Time Factors, Adolescent, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Computer science, Acoustics, Models, Psychological, Loudness, Sports Equipment, Motion, Young Adult, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Humans, Sound Localization, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Time perception, Anticipation, Psychological, Sound, Acoustic Stimulation, Computer Science::Sound, Pattern Recognition, Physiological, Time Perception, Ball (bearing), Female, Tennis ball, Cues
Abstract: Dynamic information in acoustical signals produced by bouncing objects is often used by listeners to predict the objects' future behavior (e.g., hitting a ball). This study examined factors that affect the accuracy of motor responses to sounds of real-world dynamic events. In experiment 1, listeners heard 2-5 bounces from a tennis ball, ping-pong, basketball, or wiffle ball, and would tap to indicate the time of the next bounce in a series. Across ball types and number of bounces, listeners were extremely accurate in predicting the correct bounce time (CT) with a mean prediction error of only 2.58% of the CT. Prediction based on a physical model of bouncing events indicated that listeners relied primarily on temporal cues when estimating the timing of the next bounce, and to a lesser extent on the loudness and spectral cues. In experiment 2, the timing of each bounce pattern was altered to correspond to the bounce timing pattern of another ball, producing stimuli with contradictory acoustic cues. Nevertheless, listeners remained highly accurate in their estimates of bounce timing. This suggests that listeners can adopt their estimates of bouncing-object timing based on acoustic cues that provide most veridical information about dynamic aspects of object behavior.
Published: 2015

167. On singularities in vortex sheets in 2D Euler flows using a high resolution characteristic mapping method

Author: Bergmann, Julius, Maurel Oujia, Thibault, Nave, Jean-Christophe, Schneider, Kai, Yin, Xi Yuan, Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Institut de Mathématiques de Marseille (I2M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics and Statistics McGill University, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Prof. Sergio Hoyas, and ANR-20-CE46-0010,CM2E,Méthode d'application caractéristique pour les équations d'Euler(2020)
Subjects: Singularity analysis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-FLU-DYN]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Fluid Dynamics [physics.flu-dyn], Vortex simulation, 2D Euler flow, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: International audience; This numerical study aims at getting further insight into singular solutions of the 2D Euler equations for non-smooth initial data, in particular for vortex sheets, similar to Caflisch et al 1. For this, high resolution simulations of vortex layers in 2D incompressible Euler flows are performed using the characteristic mapping method 2. An example of such a flow can be found in figue 1a. The method is a semi-Lagrangian method that evolves the flow map using the gradient-augmented level set method. Due to the semi-group structure of the flow map, it can be decomposed into sub-maps (each over a finite time interval), and thus the error can be controlled by choosing appropriate remapping times. Composing the flow map then yields exponential resolution in linear time and thus fine scale flow structures can be resolved in unprecedented detail. Here the roll-up process of vortex layers is studied varying the thickness of the layer showing its impact on the growth of palinstrophy and curvature of the center-line. The self-similar structure of the vortex core is investigated in the vanishing thickness limit, as can be seen in figure 1b. Conclusions on the non-uniqueness of weak solutions of 2D Euler for non-smooth initial data are drawn and the presence of flow singularities is revealed.
Published: 2023

168. Discovery and Enzymatic Screening of Genome-Mined Microbial Levanases to Produce Second-Generation β-(2,6)-Fructooligosaccharides: Catalytic Properties

Author: Lily Chen, Andrea Hill, Jean-Louis Petit, Aline Mariage, Véronique de Berardinis, Salwa Karboune, Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CFI John R. Evans Leaders N°36708, and The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Molecular Medicine, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, General Medicine, Biochemistry
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

169. Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) without boundaries: research and interventions beyond classifications

Author: Cécile Louveau, Pierre Ellul, Anton Iftimovici, Julien Dubreucq, Charles Laidi, Quentin Leyrolle, Diane Purper-Ouakil, Sebastien Jacquemont, Stanislas Lyonnet, Catherine Barthélémy, Marie-Odile Krebs, Jing Bai, Paul Olivier, Boris Chaumette, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Immunologie - Immunopathologie - Immunothérapie [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (I3), CHU Charles Foix [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (CNC), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Saint-Etienne, Child Mind Institute, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Montpellier (UM), Hôpital Saint Eloi (CHRU Montpellier), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine / Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital [Montreal, Canada], Université de Montréal (UdeM)-CHU Sainte Justine [Montréal], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], GIS autisme et troubles du neuro-développement (GIS-Autisme et TND), Université de Tours (UT), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Martinez Rico, Clara, Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (ISC-MJ), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)
Subjects: Psychiatry and Mental health, Neurology, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), Biological Psychiatry
Abstract: International audience; On June 2022, the 2nd Webinar "Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDD) without boundaries took place at the Imagine Institute in Paris and was broadcasted live and in replay. The aim of this webinar is to address NDD in a dimensional rather than in a categorical approach. Several speakers were invited to present their researches on the subject. Classifications in NDD were discussed: irritability in NDD, involvement of the immune system in neurodevelopment, nutrition and gut microbiota modulate brain inflammation and neurodevelopment, co-occurring conditions in autistic adolescents and adults without intellectual disability. Classifications in psychiatric disorders were asked: mapping the effect of genes on cognition and autism risk, epigenetics and symptomatic trajectory in neurodevelopmental disorders, the autism-schizophrenia continuum in two examples: minor neurological signs and EEG microstates, the cerebellum in schizophrenia and autism: from imaging to intervention perspectives. Both genetic and environmental factors, along with clinical and imaging features, argue toward a continnum between NDD but also with adult psychiatric presentations. This new paradigm could modify the therapeutic strategy, with the development of large-spectrum treatments or new psychotherapies addressing co-occuring symptoms. The complexity and the heterogeneity of NDD apply well to the next scientific and political challenges: developing international convergence to push back the frontiers of our knowledge. This article is a summary of the 2nd webinar "Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDD) without boundaries: research and interventions beyond classifications" sponsored by the French National Academy of Medicine, the autism and neurodevelopmental disorders scientific interest group (GIS), the International Research Network Dev-O-Psy and the French Institute of Psychiatry (GDR3557). Oral presentations are available as a replay on the following website (in French): https://autisme-neurodev.org/evenements/2022/04/12/tnd-sans-frontieres-la-recherche-et-les-interventions-au-dela-des-classifications/ .
Published: 2023

170. Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec PRISM

Author: Rustamkulov, Z., Sing, D. K., Mukherjee, S., May, E. M., Kirk, J., Schlawin, E., Line, M. R., Piaulet, C., Carter, A. L., Batalha, N. E., Goyal, J. M., López-Morales, M., Lothringer, J. D., MacDonald, R. J., Moran, S. E., Stevenson, K. B., Wakeford, H. R., Espinoza, N., Bean, J. L., Batalha, N. M., Benneke, B., Berta-Thompson, Z. K., Crossfield, I. J. M., Gao, P., Kreidberg, L., Powell, D. K., Cubillos, P. E., Gibson, N. P., Leconte, J., Molaverdikhani, K., Nikolov, N. K., Parmentier, V., Roy, P., Taylor, J., Turner, J. D., Wheatley, P. J., Aggarwal, K., Ahrer, E., Alam, M. K., Alderson, L., Allen, N. H., Banerjee, A., Barat, S., Barrado, D., Barstow, J. K., Bell, T. J., Blecic, J., Brande, J., Casewell, S., Changeat, Q., Chubb, K. L., Crouzet, N., Daylan, T., Decin, L., Désert, J., Mikal-Evans, T., Feinstein, A. D., Flagg, L., Fortney, J. J., Harrington, J., Heng, K., Hong, Y., Hu, R., Iro, N., Kataria, T., Kempton, E. M.-R., Krick, J., Lendl, M., Lillo-Box, J., Louca, A., Lustig-Yaeger, J., Mancini, L., Mansfield, M., Mayne, N. J., Miguel, Y., Morello, G., Ohno, K., Palle, E., Petit Dit De La Roche, D. J. M., Rackham, B. V., Radica, M., Ramos-Rosado, L., Redfield, S., Rogers, L. K., Shkolnik, E. L., Southworth, J., Teske, J., Tremblin, P., Tucker, G. S., Venot, O., Waalkes, W. C., Welbanks, L., Zhang, X., Zieba, S., University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, Rustamkulov, Z. [0000-0003-4408-0463], Sing, D. K. [0000-0001-6050-7645], Line, M. R. [0000-0001-6247-8323], Piaulet, C. [0000-0002-2875-917X], Goyal, J. M. [0000-0002-8515-7204], López-Morales, M. [0000-0003-3204-8183], Lothringer, J. D. [0000-0003-3667-8633], Stevenson, K. B. [0000-0002-7352-7941], Wakeford, H. R. [0000-0003-4328-3867], Benneke, B. [0000-0001-5578-1498], Powell, D. K. [0000-0002-4250-0957], Gibson, N. P. [0000-0002-9308-2353], Molaverdikhani, K. [0000-0002-0502-0428], Nikolov, N. K. [0000-0002-6500-3574], Taylor, J. [0000-0003-4844-9838], Wheatley, P. J. [0000-0003-1452-2240], Aggarwal, K. [0000-0002-7004-8670], Ahrer, E. [0000-0003-0973-8426], Alderson, L. [0000-0001-8703-7751], Allen, N. H. [0000-0002-0832-710X], Banerjee, A. [0000-0002-9124-6537], Barrado, D. [0000-0002-5971-9242], Barstow, J. K. [0000-0003-3726-5419], Crouzet, N. [0000-0001-7866-8738], Daylan, T. [0000-0002-6939-9211], Decin, L. [0000-0002-5342-8612], Mikal-Evans, T. [0000-0001-5442-1300], Feinstein, A. D. [0000-0002-9464-8101], Harrington, J. [0000-0002-8955-8531], Hu, R. [0000-0003-2215-8485], Kempton, E. M.-R. [0000-0002-1337-9051], Lillo-Box, J. [0000-0003-3742-1987], Mancini, L. [0000-0002-9428-8732], Mansfield, M. [0000-0003-4241-7413], Mayne, N. J. [0000-0001-6707-4563], Morello, G. [0000-0002-4262-5661], Palle, E. [0000-0003-0987-1593], Petit dit de la Roche, D. J. M. [0000-0002-8963-3810], Redfield, S. [0000-0003-3786-3486], Southworth, J. [0000-0002-3807-3198], Tremblin, P. [0000-0001-6172-3403], Zhang, X. [0000-0002-8706-6963], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Johns Hopkins University (JHU), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Imperial College London, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, ASU School of Earth and Space Exploration (SESE), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of Physics [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Utah Valley University (UVU), Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Carl Sagan Institute, Cornell University [New York], Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] (LPL), H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [Chicago], University of Chicago, Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Lawrence Kansas], University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), Earth and Planets Laboratory [Washington], Carnegie Institution for Science, Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), INAF/Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, Turin, Italy, Trinity College Dublin, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Observatory Munich, Ludwig-Maximillians University Munich, Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] (LMU), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, University of Warwick [Coventry], Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Observatories [Carnegie Institution], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Bay Area Environmental Research Institute (BAER), New York University [Abu Dhabi], NYU System (NYU), University of Leicester, European Space Agency (Baltimore) Space Telescope Science Institute (ESA), University of St Andrews [Scotland], Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, Department of Physics, Princeton University (DPPU), Princeton University, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [UCSC Santa Cruz], University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Florida Space Institute [Orlando] (FSI), University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut de recherches Arctiques Jean Malaurie (IRAM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay, Maison de la Simulation (MDLS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA, Entomological Society of America, ESA, Space Telescope Science Institute, STScI, Heising-Simons Foundation, HSF, Canadian Space Agency, CSA, (JWST-ERS-01366, NAS 5-03127), Rustamkulov, Z [0000-0003-4408-0463], Sing, DK [0000-0001-6050-7645], Line, MR [0000-0001-6247-8323], Piaulet, C [0000-0002-2875-917X], Goyal, JM [0000-0002-8515-7204], López-Morales, M [0000-0003-3204-8183], Lothringer, JD [0000-0003-3667-8633], Stevenson, KB [0000-0002-7352-7941], Wakeford, HR [0000-0003-4328-3867], Benneke, B [0000-0001-5578-1498], Powell, DK [0000-0002-4250-0957], Gibson, NP [0000-0002-9308-2353], Molaverdikhani, K [0000-0002-0502-0428], Nikolov, NK [0000-0002-6500-3574], Taylor, J [0000-0003-4844-9838], Wheatley, PJ [0000-0003-1452-2240], Aggarwal, K [0000-0002-7004-8670], Ahrer, E [0000-0003-0973-8426], Alderson, L [0000-0001-8703-7751], Allen, NH [0000-0002-0832-710X], Banerjee, A [0000-0002-9124-6537], Barrado, D [0000-0002-5971-9242], Barstow, JK [0000-0003-3726-5419], Crouzet, N [0000-0001-7866-8738], Daylan, T [0000-0002-6939-9211], Decin, L [0000-0002-5342-8612], Mikal-Evans, T [0000-0001-5442-1300], Feinstein, AD [0000-0002-9464-8101], Harrington, J [0000-0002-8955-8531], Hu, R [0000-0003-2215-8485], Kempton, EM-R [0000-0002-1337-9051], Lillo-Box, J [0000-0003-3742-1987], Mancini, L [0000-0002-9428-8732], Mansfield, M [0000-0003-4241-7413], Mayne, NJ [0000-0001-6707-4563], Morello, G [0000-0002-4262-5661], Palle, E [0000-0003-0987-1593], Petit Dit de la Roche, DJM [0000-0002-8963-3810], Redfield, S [0000-0003-3786-3486], Southworth, J [0000-0002-3807-3198], Tremblin, P [0000-0001-6172-3403], and Zhang, X [0000-0002-8706-6963]
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), 141, MCC, Multidisciplinary, Settore FIS/05, 134, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 639/33/445/862, article, FOS: Physical sciences, 639/33/445/824, DAS, 639/33/34/862, 5109 Space Sciences, 140, QC Physics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, QB Astronomy, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 51 Physical Sciences, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), QC, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, QB
Abstract: Transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets has revealed signatures of water vapor, aerosols, and alkali metals in a few dozen exoplanet atmospheres. However, these previous inferences with the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes were hindered by the observations' relatively narrow wavelength range and spectral resolving power, which precluded the unambiguous identification of other chemical species$-$in particular the primary carbon-bearing molecules. Here we report a broad-wavelength 0.5-5.5 $\mu$m atmospheric transmission spectrum of WASP-39 b, a 1200 K, roughly Saturn-mass, Jupiter-radius exoplanet, measured with JWST NIRSpec's PRISM mode as part of the JWST Transiting Exoplanet Community Early Release Science Team program. We robustly detect multiple chemical species at high significance, including Na (19$\sigma$), H$_2$O (33$\sigma$), CO$_2$ (28$\sigma$), and CO (7$\sigma$). The non-detection of CH$_4$, combined with a strong CO$_2$ feature, favours atmospheric models with a super-solar atmospheric metallicity. An unanticipated absorption feature at 4$\mu$m is best explained by SO$_2$ (2.7$\sigma$), which could be a tracer of atmospheric photochemistry. These observations demonstrate JWST's sensitivity to a rich diversity of exoplanet compositions and chemical processes., Comment: 41 pages, 4 main figures, 10 extended data figures, 4 tables. Under review in Nature
Published: 2023

171. Load Scheduling for Residential Demand Response on Smart Grids

Author: Miguel, Anjos, Brotcorne, Luce, Labbé, Martine, Restrepo Ruiz, Maria, Integrated Optimization with Complex Structure (INOCS), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d’études et de recherche en analyse des décisions (GERAD), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Département d'Informatique [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté des Sciences [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur les Réseaux d'Entreprise, la Logistique et le Transport (CIRRELT), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL)
Subjects: [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; The residential load scheduling problem is concerned with finding an optimal schedule for the operation of residential loads so as to minimize the total cost of energy while aiming to respect a prescribed limit on the power level of the residence. We propose a mixed integer linear programming formulation of this problem that accounts for the consumption of appliances, generation from a photovoltaic system, and the availability of energy storage. A distinctive feature of our model is the use of operational patterns that capture the individual operational characteristics of each load, giving the model the capability to accommodate a wide range of possible operating patterns for the flexible loads. The proposed formulation optimizes the choice of operational pattern for each load over a given planning horizon. In this way, it generates a schedule that is optimal for a given planning horizon, unlike many alternatives based on controllers. The formulation can be incorporated into a variety of demand response systems, in particular because it can account for different aspects of the cost of energy, such as the cost of power capacity violations, to reflect the needs or requirements of the grid. Our computational results show that the proposed formulation is able to achieve electricity costs savings and to reduce peaks in the power consumption, by shifting the demand and by efficiently using a battery.
Published: 2017

172. Un gisement paléolithique eemien en contexte fluviatile à Waziers (plaine de la Scarpe)

Author: David Hérisson, Jean-Luc Locht, Luc Vallin, Laurent Deschodt, Pierre Antoine, Patrick Auguste, Nicole Limondin-Lozouet, Sophie Lefebvre, Guillaume Hulin, Bertrand Masson, Bassam Ghaleb, Clément Virmoux, J Bahain, J., Tiphanie Chica-Lefort, Ph Ponel, Agnès Gauthier, Christophe Lécuyer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Anthropologie des techniques, des espaces et des territoires au Pliocène et au Pléistocène (AnTET), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication, Laboratoire de Génétique et Evolution des Populations Végétales, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Université McGill -Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Hérisson, David
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Archéologie, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Préhistoire, Tourbe, Eemien, Néandertalien, Paléolithique, Paléolithique moyen
Abstract: International audience; Dans les années 1990, les travaux de révision du cadre chronologique des occupations corrélées préalablement au SIM 5 de la chronologie marine ou même à un stade antérieur en Europe centrale et moyenne permirent définitivement d’asseoir la présence de Néandertaliens durant l’Eemien à l’Est du Rhin. Pour la partie Ouest du Rhin, il fallut attendre la (re)découverte du gisement de Caours dans la Somme au début des années 2000 pour pouvoir affirmer que l’homme de Néandertal parcourait les plaines septentrionales de la France à cette période. En 2013, le fond de vallée de la Scarpe, un affluent de l’Escault (Scheldt) livra un gisement inédit et exceptionnel corrélable à l’Eemien. La séquence stratigraphique mise au jour lors d’un diagnostic d’archéologie préventive livra une série de dépôts d’alluvions organiques limoneux puis tourbeux surmontés de dépôts lœssiques. L’attribution à l’Eemien de la base de la séquence (limons et tourbes) fut rapidement confirmée par la présence d’espèces de mammifères et de mollusques uniquement connues durant le Pléistocène en période interglaciaire, d’une date U/Th (TIMS) sur oogones de characées donnant un âge minimum de 103 +3.5/-3.4 ka, et de lœss de couverture weichséliens surmontant la séquence fluviatile. Malgré la rareté de tels dépôts il fut impossible de monter une opération d'archéologie préventive sur la zone et l'étude du site a été réalisée dans le cadre d'un projet de recherche programmée lancé en 2014. Cette communication proposera de présenter les principaux résultats obtenus et mettra en évidence la richesse et le potentiel archéologique de ce gisement. Il exposera l'importance des apports que laissent entrevoir les premiers résultats d’analyses obtenus sur le gisement de Waziers à nos connaissances du paysage Eemien et des dynamiques de peuplement des groupes Néandertaliens des plaines et des vallées du Nord-Ouest de l’Europe.
Published: 2017

173. Motor origin of temporal predictions in auditory attention

Author: Sylvain Baillet, Benjamin Morillon, Otten, Lisa, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institute of Language, Communication and the Brain (ILCB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), McConnell Brain Imaging Center (BIC), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), ANR-16-CONV-0002,ILCB,ILCB: Institute of Language Communication and the Brain(2016), and ANR-11-LABX-0036,BLRI,Brain & LANGUAGE Research Institute(2011)
Subjects: Auditory perception, Adult, Male, Sensory processing, medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, Sensory system, rhythm, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, psychophysics, Perception, Motor system, Psychophysics, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Attention, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, sensorimotor, Communication, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, beta frequency, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Brain, Magnetoencephalography, Neurophysiology, oscillation, Middle Aged, Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation, PNAS Plus, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Perception, Psychology, business, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; In behavior, action and perception are inherently interdependent. However, the actual mechanistic contributions of the motor system to sensory processing are unknown. We present neurophysiological evidence that the motor system is involved in predictive timing, a brain function that aligns temporal fluctuations of attention with the timing of events in a task-relevant stream, thus facilitating sensory selection and optimizing behavior. In a magnetoencephalography experiment involving auditory temporal attention, participants had to disentangle two streams of sound on the unique basis of endogenous temporal cues. We show that temporal predictions are encoded by interdependent delta and beta neural oscillations originating from the left sensorimotor cortex, and directed toward auditory regions. We also found that overt rhythmic movements improved the quality of temporal predictions and sharpened the temporal selection of relevant auditory information. This latter behavioral and functional benefit was associated with increased signaling of temporal predictions in right-lateralized frontoparietal associative regions. In sum, this study points at a covert form of auditory active sensing. Our results emphasize the key role of motor brain areas in providing contextual temporal information to sensory regions, driving perceptual and behavioral selection.
Published: 2017

174. Conservation of Dynamics Associated with Biological Function in an Enzyme Superfamily

Author: Chakra Chennubhotla, David N. Bernard, Pratul K. Agarwal, Khushboo Bafna, Chitra Narayanan, Donald Gagné, Nicolas Doucet, Institut Armand Frappier (INRS-IAF), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS), The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), PROTEO, The Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-University of Ottawa [Ottawa]-Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-TransBiotech, Lévis-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC, and This work was supported by NIGMS/NIH under award number R01GM105978 (to N.D., C.S.C., and P.K.A.), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery grant under award number RGPIN-2016-05557 (to N.D.), NSERC Postgraduate Scholarship-Doctoral (to D.N.B.), Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Fondation Armand-Frappier (to C.N.), and Fonds de Recherche Québec – Santé (FRQS) Research Scholar Junior 2 Career award number 32743 (to N.D.).
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Models, Molecular, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, RNase P, Protein Conformation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Computational biology, Biology, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, enzyme catalysis, Article, Catalysis, Conserved sequence, 03 medical and health sciences, Protein structure, Structural Biology, Phylogenetics, Animals, Humans, computer simulations, Amino Acid Sequence, Molecular Biology, Peptide sequence, Conserved Sequence, Phylogeny, superfamily, chemistry.chemical_classification, Phylogenetic tree, Protein dynamics, Ribonuclease, Pancreatic, Biological Evolution, Enzymes, nuclear magnetic resonance, 030104 developmental biology, Enzyme, chemistry, Multigene Family, protein dynamics, pancreatic-type ribonucleases
Abstract: International audience; Enzyme superfamily members that share common chemical and/or biological functions also share common features. While the role of structure is well characterized, the link between enzyme function and dynamics is not well understood. We present a systematic characterization of intrinsic dynamics of over 20 members of the pancreatic-type RNase superfamily, which share a common structural fold. This study is motivated by the fact that the range of chemical activity as well as molecular motions of RNase homologs spans over 105 folds. Dynamics was characterized using a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance experiments and computer simulations. Phylogenetic clustering led to the grouping of sequences into functionally distinct subfamilies. Detailed characterization of the diverse RNases showed conserved dynamical traits for enzymes within subfamilies. These results suggest that selective pressure for the conservation of dynamical behavior, among other factors, may be linked to the distinct chemical and biological functions in an enzyme superfamily.
Published: 2017

175. Nonlinear Modal Analysis of a One-Dimensional Bar Undergoing Unilateral Contact via the Time-Domain Boundary Element Method

Author: Mathias Legrand, Anders Thorin, Jayantheeswar Venkatesh, Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: Nonlinear modal analysis, Physics, Mathematical analysis, [SPI.MECA.VIBR]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], Unilateral contact, Boundary knot method, 01 natural sciences, Finite element method, Contact Mechanics, Nonlinear system, Sine wave, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.SOLID]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Boundary element method, [SPI.GCIV.DV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Dynamique, vibrations, Time domain, Boundary value problem, 010301 acoustics, Nonsmooth modal analysis
Abstract: International audience; Finite elements in space with time-stepping numerical schemes, even though versatile, face theoretical and numerical difficulties when dealing with unilateral contact conditions. In most cases, an impact law has to be introduced to ensure the uniqueness of the solution: total energy is either not preserved or spurious high-frequency oscillations arise. In this work, the Time Domain Boundary Element Method (TD-BEM) is shown to overcome these issues on a one-dimensional system undergoing a unilateral Signorini contact condition. Unilateral contact is implemented by switching between free boundary conditions (open gap) and fixed boundary conditions (closed gap). The solution method does not numerically dissipate energy unlike the Finite Element Method and properly captures wave fronts, allowing for the search of periodic solutions. Indeed, TD-BEM relies on fundamental solutions which are travelling Heaviside functions in the considered one-dimensional setting. The proposed formulation is capable of capturing main, subharmonic as well as internal resonance backbone curves useful to the vibration analyst. For the system of interest, the nonlinear modeshapes are piecewise-linear unseparated functions of space and time, as opposed to the linear mode shapes that are separated half sine waves in space and full sine waves in time.
Published: 2017

176. PAM50: Unbiased multimodal template of the brainstem and spinal cord aligned with the ICBM152 space

Author: Julien Cohen-Adad, Nikola Stikov, D. Louis Collins, Virginie Callot, Vladimir S. Fonov, Benjamin De Leener, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), and Université de Montréal (UdeM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Computer science, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Cognitive Neuroscience, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Atlases as Topic, Atlas (anatomy), medicine, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, ICBM, snc, Entire spinal cord, Template, Healthy subjects, Anatomy, Spinal cord, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Spinal Cord, Female, Brainstem, Atlas, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Software, MRI, Brain Stem
Abstract: International audience; Template-based analysis of multi-parametric MRI data of the spinal cord sets the foundation for standardization and reproducibility, thereby helping the discovery of new biomarkers of spinal-related diseases. While MRI templates of the spinal cord have been recently introduced, none of them cover the entire spinal cord. In this study, we introduced an unbiased multimodal MRI template of the spinal cord and the brainstem, called PAM50, which is anatomically compatible with the ICBM152 brain template and uses the same coordinate system. The PAM50 template is based on 50 healthy subjects, covers the full spinal cord (C1 to L2 vertebral levels) and the brainstem, is available for T1-, T2-and T2*-weighted MRI contrasts and includes a probabilistic atlas of the gray matter and white matter tracts. Template creation accuracy was assessed by computing the mean and maximum distance error between each individual spinal cord centerline and the PAM50 centerline, after registration to the template. Results showed high accuracy for both T1- (mean = 0.37 ± 0.06 mm; max = 1.39 ± 0.58 mm) and T2-weighted (mean = 0.11 ± 0.03 mm; max = 0.71 ± 0.27 mm) contrasts. Additionally, the preservation of the spinal cord topology during the template creation process was verified by comparing the cross-sectional area (CSA) profile, averaged over all subjects, and the CSA profile of the PAM50 template. The fusion of the PAM50 and ICBM152 templates will facilitate group and multi-center studies of combined brain and spinal cord MRI, and enable the use of existing atlases of the brainstem compatible with the ICBM space.
Published: 2017

177. Thermomechanical Component Mode Synthesis for Blade Casing Interaction Prediction

Author: Claude Gibert, Mathias Legrand, Nicolas Guerin, Patricio Almeida, Fabrice Thouverez, Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Safran Helicopter Engines, Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: Computer science, 020209 energy, Multiphysics, Unilateral contact, Mechanical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, component mode synthesis, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Impeller, law, 0103 physical sciences, Turbomachinery, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 010301 acoustics, business.industry, Rotor (electric), Centrifugal compressor, [SPI.MECA.VIBR]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], Structural engineering, Aerodynamics, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], impeller, explicit time-marching technique, business, Casing, thermomechanical coupling, unilateral contact
Abstract: Increasing the efficiency of turbomachines is a major concern as it directly translates into lower environmental impact and improved operational costs. One solution is to reduce the blade-casing operating clearance in order to mitigate aerodynamic losses at the unavoidable cost of increased structural unilateral contact and friction occurrences. In centrifugal compressors, the dynamic behaviour of the structures interacting through unilateral contact and friction is not yet fully understood. In fact, the heat generated during such events may affect the dynamics through thermal stresses. This paper presents a complete thermomechanical modelling strategy of impeller rotor and casing, and of blade-tip/casing contact events. A fully coupled thermomechanical modal synthesis technique is introduced and applied to turbomachinery-related models. The blisk is reduced via a hybrid modal synthesis technique combining the Craig-Bampton method and the characteristic constraint mode method. The casing model is reduced using an axisymmetric harmonic modal synthesis. Both strategies involve thermomechanical modes embedding thermal dilatation effects. The contact modelling algorithm is then introduced. It handles unilateral contact and friction occurrences together with heating effects. This algorithm uses the above mentioned reduced-order models as input data to avoid CPU-intensive simulations. The results show that the thermomechanical behaviour of the structures is well preserved by the reduction strategy proposed. Contact simulations on simple cases show qualitative results in accordance with expectations. Further work is needed in order to validate the strategy based on experimental results. However, this methodology opens the way to extended multiphysics simulations of contact events in turbomachinery.
Published: 2017

178. Impact dynamics near unilaterally constrained grazing orbits

Author: Stéphane Junca, Huong Le Thi, Mathias Legrand, Anders Thorin, Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COmplex Flows For Energy and Environment (COFFEE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.MECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics], [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract: International audience; The dynamics of vibro-impact systems near grazing is known to be singular. The authors have recently exhibited nonlinearmodal motions in the vicinity of grazing orbits within a conservative framework, suggesting the latter play a important role in thedynamics. In this work, insights on the dynamics of solutions near some periodic grazing orbits are given. It is found that the firstreturn time may involve a square-root singularity or a cube-root singularity and also become discontinuous. These properties may affectthe first return map and thus the dynamics near grazing orbits.
Published: 2017

179. Exploring Playfulness in NIME Design: The Case of Live Looping Tools

Author: Barbosa, Jeronimo, Wanderley, Marcelo, Huot, Stéphane, Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Computing tools to empower users (MJOLNIR), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Inria International Associate Teams Program, FCRF, FQRNT., Aalborg University, and MIDWAY
Subjects: ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.5: Sound and Music Computing/H.5.5.0: Methodologies and techniques, ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.5: Sound and Music Computing, Play, [INFO.INFO-SD]Computer Science [cs]/Sound [cs.SD], Playfulness, New Interfaces for Musical Expression, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Live looping, ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.2: User Interfaces/H.5.2.15: User-centered design, Ludic design
Abstract: International audience; Play and playfulness compose an essential part of our lives as human beings. From childhood to adultness, playfulness is often associated with remarkable positive experiences related to fun, pleasure, intimate social activities, imagination , and creativity. Perhaps not surprisingly, playfulness has been recurrently used in NIME designs as a strategy to engage people, often non-expert, in short term musical activities. Yet, designing for playfulness remains a challenging task, as little knowledge is available for designers to support their decisions. To address this issue, we follow a design rationale approach using the context of Live Looping (LL) as a case study. We start by surveying 101 LL tools, summarizing our analysis into a new design space. We then use this design space to discuss potential guidelines to address playful-ness in a design process. These guidelines are implemented and discussed in a new LL tool–called the " Voice Reaping Machine ". Finally, we contrast our guidelines with previous works in the literature.
Published: 2017

180. Datation par les méthodes ESR/U-Th combinées de sites du Pléistocène supérieur : méthodologie et application en contexte karstique

Author: Christophe Falguères, Bassam Ghaleb, Nicholas J. Conard, Jean-Jacques Bahain, Hélène Valladas, Daniel Richter, Edwige Pons-Branchu, Norbert Mercier, Maïlys Richard, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Max-Planck-Institut für evolutionäre Anthropologie (MPI-EVA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Université McGill -Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), and Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, History and Philosophy of Science, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Anthropology, 01 natural sciences, Humanities, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: Resume Les methodes ESR/U-Th combinees sont couramment utilisees dans la datation de restes fossiles du Pleistocene inferieur et moyen. Les problematiques liees a ces deux periodes chronologiques sont axees vers la determination de la dose equivalente et la modelisation de l’incorporation de l’uranium. Au Pleistocene superieur, en contexte karstique, l’application de l’ESR/U-Th est souvent contrainte par la mesure d’une faible dose equivalente, liee principalement a la teneur en uranium peu elevee dans les tissus dentaires. L’emploi de la spectrometrie de masse couplee a un plasma inductif (ICP-MS) pour la mesure de la teneur en uranium et des rapports isotopiques (234U/238U et 230Th/234U) est donc privilegie pour calculer les debits de dose relatifs aux tissus dentaires. La dose gamma represente une contribution majeure au calcul de l’âge, tout comme la dose cosmique qui, dans le cas de sediments peu actifs, peut representer jusqu’a plus de 40 % de la dose annuelle. La mesure in situ de la dose gamma, a partir de la pose de dosimetres ou par spectrometrie gamma de terrain, ainsi que la modelisation en trois dimensions de la dose cosmique recue par l’echantillon sont donc indispensables dans l’estimation de la dose annuelle et dans le calcul de l’âge. L’application de l’ESR/U-Th, qui implique a la fois des mesures sur le terrain et en laboratoire, est donc indissociable d’une bonne connaissance du contexte geologique et de la provenance des echantillons. De plus, la periode d’applicabilite de l’ESR/U-Th, comprise entre environ 2 Ma et 30 ka, presente l’avantage de se superposer a celle du radiocarbone pour la periode la plus recente sur un intervalle de temps d’environ 15–20 ka ; cela permet la comparaison des resultats obtenus par ces deux methodes et la construction d’un cadre chronologique de meilleure resolution pour les sites du Pleistocene superieur.
Published: 2017

181. Drifting while stepping in place in old adults: Association of self-motion perception with reference frame reliance and ground optic flow sensitivity

Author: Agathos, Catherine, Bernardin, Delphine, Baranton, Konogan, Assaiante, Christine, Isableu, Brice, Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives [Marseille] (LNC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire contrôle moteur et perception (EA 4042), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Ministère de l'Education Nationale
Subjects: [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

182. L’impact des plaques bêta-amyloïdes sur la cognition : au-delà de l’âge et de l’éducation

Author: Lavallée, Marie, Joannette, Maude, Sévigny-Dupont, Pénélope, Vallet, Guillaume T., Bocti, Christian, Chertkow, Howard, Nikelski, Jim, Masse, Benoît, Joubert, Sven, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Neurocognition (CERNEC), Research Centre on Aging, Centre integré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Estrie (CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Sherbrooke, Département de médecine sociale et préventive [ESPUM-Montréal] (ESPUM), CERNEC, and LAPSCO, HAL
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

183. A Method and Toolkit for Digital Musical Instruments: Generating Ideas and Prototypes

Author: Filipe Calegario, Geber Ramalho, Stéphane Huot, Giordano Cabral, Marcelo M. Wanderley, Centro de Informatica UFPE [Recife] (CIn), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), Computing tools to empower users (MJOLNIR), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Inria Associate Teams, Fonds de recherche du Québec - Nature et technologies, France Canada Research Fund, and Inria Associate Team MIDWAY
Subjects: Computer science, new interface for musical expression, ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.2: User Interfaces, 02 engineering and technology, Musical, Sound production, 060401 art practice, history & theory, ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.1: Multimedia Information Systems, Physical prototyping, design of digital musical instruments, Human–computer interaction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Media Technology, idea generation, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.2: User Interfaces/H.5.2.15: User-centered design, morphological chart, Digital audio, Hacker, ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.2: User Interfaces/H.5.2.9: Prototyping, Class (computer programming), ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.5: Sound and Music Computing, [SHS.MUSIQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts, [INFO.INFO-MM]Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], 020207 software engineering, 06 humanities and the arts, prototyping toolkit, Computer Science Applications, Visualization, ACM: H.: Information Systems/H.5: INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (e.g., HCI)/H.5.5: Sound and Music Computing/H.5.5.0: Methodologies and techniques, Hardware and Architecture, Signal Processing, prototype, digital musical instrument, 0604 arts, Software, PATH (variable)
Abstract: International audience; Digital musical instruments (DMIs) make up a class of devices in which gestural control and sound production are physically decoupled, but digitally mapped. This work discusses aspects of DMI design by focusing on the complexity of the design space and the importance of prototyping cycles. The authors' research questions cover how to provide an initial path for generating DMI ideas and how to reduce the time and effort required to build functional DMI prototypes. To address these questions, they propose a new methodology and an associated physical prototyping toolkit, which has building blocks inspired by of existing instruments. Preliminary tests with musicians and DMI designers revealed a strong potential for its use in the development of DMIs, and also uncovered limitations of the current toolkit. This article is part of a special issue on multimedia technologies for enriched music.
Published: 2017

184. Two decomposition algorithms for solving a minimum weight maximum clique model for the air conflict resolution problem

Author: Guy Desaulniers, François Soumis, Jérémy Omer, Thibault Lehouillier, Groupe d’études et de recherche en analyse des décisions (GERAD), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut de Recherche Mathématique de Rennes (IRMAR), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), This work was carried out under the project OPR-601 funded by the CRIAQ (Consortium on Research and Innovation in Aerospace in Quebec), Groupe d’études et de recherche en analyse des décisions ( GERAD ), École Polytechnique de Montréal ( EPM ) -McGill University-HEC Montréal ( HEC Montréal ) -Université du Québec à Montréal ( UQAM ), École Polytechnique de Montréal ( EPM ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes ( INSA Rennes ), Institut de Recherche Mathématique de Rennes ( IRMAR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -AGROCAMPUS OUEST-École normale supérieure - Rennes ( ENS Rennes ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université de Rennes 2 ( UR2 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)
Subjects: [ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Mathematical optimization, Conflict Resolution, Information Systems and Management, General Computer Science, Discretization, Linear programming, Subroutine, Computation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Minimum weight, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, Management Science and Operations Research, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Air Traffic Control, 0502 economics and business, Integer programming, Finite set, Mathematics, [ INFO.INFO-RO ] Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], 050210 logistics & transportation, 021103 operations research, Mixed Integer Linear Optimization, 05 social sciences, Graph theory, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Modeling and Simulation, Graph Theory, Decomposition Methods, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Algorithm
Abstract: In this paper, we tackle the conflict resolution problem using a new variant of the minimum-weight maximum-clique model. The problem involves identifying maneuvers that maintain the required separation distance between all pairs of a set of aircraft while minimizing fuel costs. We design a graph in which the vertices correspond to a finite set of maneuvers and the edges connect conflict-free maneuvers. A maximum clique of minimal weight yields a conflict-free situation that involves all the aircraft and minimizes the costs induced. The model uses a different cost structure compared to classical clique search problems: the costs of the vertices cannot be determined a priori, since they depend on the vertices in the clique. We formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear program. Since the modeling of the aircraft dynamics and the computation of trajectories is separated from the solution process, our mathematical framework is valid for any hypotheses on the aircraft dynamics and any choice of the available maneuvers. In particular, the aircraft can perform dynamic velocity, heading, and flight-level changes. To solve instances involving a large number of aircraft spread over several flight levels, we introduce two decomposition algorithms. The first is a sequential mixed integer linear programming procedure that iteratively refines the discretization of the maneuvers to yield a trade-off between computational time and cost. The second is a large neighborhood search heuristic that uses the first procedure as a subroutine. The best solutions for the available set of maneuvers are obtained in less than ten seconds for instances with up to 250 aircraft randomly allocated to bisten flight levels.
Published: 2017

185. Novel genetic loci associated with hippocampal volume

Author: Benjamin S. Aribisala, Marjolein M.J. van Donkelaar, Randy L. Gollub, Rachel M. Brouwer, Norman Delanty, Tomas Axelsson, Oscar L. Lopez, Thomas Espeseth, Alejandro Arias-Vasquez, Kristel R. van Eijk, Tien Yin Wong, Jeroen van der Grond, Georg Homuth, James T. Becker, Sebastian Guelfi, Anton J. M. de Craen, Bruno Vellas, Christopher R.K. Ching, Charles C. DeCarli, Janita Bralten, Lars T. Westlye, Ryota Hashimoto, Sampath Arepalli, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Loes M. Olde Loohuis, Sudha Seshadri, Simon E. Fisher, K Hegenscheid, Konstantinos Arfanakis, Zdenka Pausova, Robert C. Green, Simone Reppermund, Katie L. McMahon, Ashley Beecham, Daan van Rooij, Marcel P. Zwiers, Karen A. Mather, Randy L. Buckner, Edith Hofer, Marcella Rietschel, Fabrice Crivello, Ronald H. Zielke, G. Bruce Pike, Thomas W. Mühleisen, Myriam Fornage, Kazutaka Ohi, Gareth E. Davies, Chantal Depondt, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Iryna O. Fedko, Peter R. Schofield, Steven G. Potkin, Albert Hofman, Paul M. Thompson, Wiro J. Niessen, Deborah Janowitz, Nicholas G. Martin, Li Shen, Mina Ryten, Meike W. Vernooij, Michael E. Weale, Tonya White, Dennis van 't Ent, Sudheer Giddaluru, Nanda Rommelse, Wei Wen, Sven J. van der Lee, Eco J. C. de Geus, Aaron Goldman, Joanne E. Curran, Qiang Chen, Jean Shin, Wayne C. Drevets, Thomas H. Mosley, Matthias Nauck, Massimo Pandolfo, Anders M. Dale, Paul A. Nyquist, Girma Woldehawariat, Francis J. McMahon, Najaf Amin, Emma J. Rose, Norbert Hosten, David J. Stott, Sigurdur Sigursson, Andrew J. Saykin, M. Kamran Ikram, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Neda Jahanshad, Grant W. Montgomery, Michael Weiner, Aad van der Lugt, Esther Walton, Gunter Schumann, Clyde Francks, Narelle K. Hansell, Xinmin Liu, Herve Lemaitre, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Ralph L. Sacco, Clinton B. Wright, Arvin Saremi, Clifford R. Jack, Andre G. Uitterlinden, G. Donohoe, Tomáš Paus, Michael Griswold, Peter T. Fox, Alan B. Zonderman, Lukas Pirpamer, Christiane Wolf, Aiden Corvin, Shannon L. Risacher, Ian Ford, Philippe Amouyel, Henrik Walter, Beng-Choon Ho, William T. Longstreth, M. Arfan Ikram, Hieab H.H. Adams, Colin Smith, Sungeun Kim, Simon Lovestone, Stefan Ehrlich, Benno Pütz, Markus M. Nöthen, Susana Muñoz Maniega, Ian J. Deary, Elena Shumskaya, Susan H. Blanton, Jerome I. Rotter, Neeltje E.M. van Haren, Mar Matarin, I. Kloszewska, Ganesh Chauhan, Anita L. DeStefano, Barbara Franke, Lars Nyberg, Tatiana Foroud, Tianye Jia, Manon Bernard, Unn K. Haukvik, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Srdjan Djurovic, Ching-Yu Cheng, Lachlan T. Strike, Alex P. Zijdenbos, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Vince D. Calhoun, Yuri Milaneschi, David C. Glahn, Phil Lee, Amelia A. Assareh, Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Emma Sprooten, Debra A. Fleischman, David R. McKay, J. Raphael Gibbs, Bruce M. Psaty, Kazima B. Bulayeva, Bryan J. Traynor, Vilmundur Gudnason, Jessika E. Sussmann, Alexander Teumer, Guillén Fernández, Katharina Wittfeld, Christophe Tzourio, Dennis van der Meer, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Sebastian Mohnke, David C. Liewald, Jordan W. Smoller, Theo G.M. van Erp, Marcel Van Der Brug, Dara M. Cannon, Lenore J. Launer, D. Ames, Juan C. Troncoso, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Dhananjay Vaidya, Thomas D. Dyer, Marie-José van Tol, Han G. Brunner, Andrew Singleton, Lavinia Athanasiu, Adam M. Brickman, Eric Westman, P. Mecocci, Sandra Barral, Dick J. Veltman, Catharina A. Hartman, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Alexa S. Beiser, Vincent Chouraki, Nhat Trung Doan, Marieke Klein, Jaap Oosterlaan, Natalie A. Royle, John B.J. Kwok, Saud Alhusaini, Ingrid Melle, Roberto Toro, Ravi Duggirala, Allissa Dillman, Reinhold Schmidt, Lisa R. Yanek, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Helena Schmidt, Derrek P. Hibar, Albert V. Smith, Jean-Luc Martinot, Thomas H. Wassink, Jennifer S. Richards, Oliver Martinez, Joshua L. Roffman, Sylvane Desrivières, Hilkka Soininen, Rene L. Olvera, Ole A. Andreassen, Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Claudia L. Satizabal, Owen Carmichael, Lianne Schmaal, Bernd Kraemer, Martine Hoogman, Daniah Trabzuni, Oliver Grimm, Andrew M. McIntosh, René S. Kahn, Nazanin Karbalai, Margaret J. Wright, Harald H.H. Göring, Martina Papmeyer, Roberto Roiz-Santiañez, Luigi Ferrucci, David A. Bennett, Kwangsik Nho, Gianpiero L. Cavalleri, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Masashi Ikeda, Avram J. Holmes, Greig I. de Zubicaray, Andreas Heinz, Tatjana Rundek, Maria del C. Valdés Hernández, Dalia Kasperaviciute, Dan L. Longo, Matthew J. Huentelman, Wiepke Cahn, Beverly G. Windham, Michael A. Nalls, Philipp G. Sämann, Stella Trompet, Vidar M. Steen, Marc M. Bohlken, Christopher D. Whelan, Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol, Susanne Erk, Dorret I. Boomsma, Dirk J. Heslenfeld, Masaki Fukunaga, D. Hoehn, Stephen M. Lawrie, Mark E. Bastin, Marco P. Boks, M. Mallar Chakravarty, M. R. Cookson, C. McDonald, Magda Tsolaki, Badri N. Vardarajan, Jason L. Stein, Jan K. Buitelaar, Erik G. 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Marquand, Christian Enzinger, Anderson M. Winkler, David Geffen School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, Metacohorts Consortium, Institut Gilbert-Laustriat : Biomolécules, Biotechnologie, Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSERM Research Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (U897) Team Neuroepidemiology, Bordeaux, France College of Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, sans affiliation, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, University of Washington [Seattle], Department of Psychiatry, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen], Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, King‘s College London, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery [Montreal], Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Sahlgrenska University Hospital [Gothenburg], Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Rush University Medical Center [Chicago], University of Edinburgh, Lagos State University (LASU), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), University of Oslo (UiO), Department of medical sciences, Uppsala University-Molecular Medicine-Science for Life Laboratory, John P. 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Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INSERM, Neuroepidemiology U708, Bordeaux, France, Department of Neurosciences [San Diego], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), Department of Cognitive Sciences [San Diego], Wuhan University [China], Plymouth University, Dpt of Psychiatry [New Haven], Yale University School of Medicine, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia, Gènes, Synapses et Cognition (CNRS - UMR3571 ), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology [London], Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Depts of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), University of Twente [Netherlands], Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UCI), RCMG Ghent, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Centre épigénétique et destin cellulaire (EDC (UMR_7216)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Psychology [Oslo], Faculty of Social Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), German Research Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases - Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Biospective [Montréal], KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo (UiO)-Institute of Clinical Medicine-Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, Department of Psychiatry and National Ageing Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Université de Lille, Department of Clinical Genetics, Department of Experimental Physics, National University of Ireland Maynooth (Maynooth University), Texas Biomedical Research Institute [San Antonio, TX], The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 849 Department of Human Genetics, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Dementia Collaborative Research Centre, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands, Department of Psychiatry [Boston], Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119333, Russia, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Albuquerque] (ECE Department), The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], The Mind Research Network, Human Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Division of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Northwestern Polytechnical University [Xi'an] (NPU), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Juelich, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Basel (Unibas), Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Trinity College Dublin-St. James's Hospital, Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Trinity College Dublin, Bijvoet Center of Biomolecular Research [Utrecht], Utrecht University [Utrecht], York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York [York, UK], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neurology Division, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Hôpital Erasme [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Genomics, Biological Psychology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam & EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University & VU Medical Center, Amsterdam 1081 BT, The Netherlands, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Human Genetics Center, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama University, University of New Haven [Connecticut], Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Public Health Genomics Unit, Department of Mathematics, University of Colorado, University of Colorado [Boulder], Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland., University of Science, VNU-HCM, University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Neuronal Plasticity / Mouse Behaviour, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Department of Medical Genetics, HMNC Brain Health, University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Göteborgs Universitet (GU), Department of Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus [Utrecht], School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK, University of Sussex, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College of London [London] (UCL), Medical University of Łódź (MUL), Mayo Clinic [Rochester], University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System-University of Maryland [Baltimore County] (UMBC), University of Maryland System, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine, Lymphocyte Cell Biology Unit, Laboratory of Genetics, Psychiatry Institute, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Department of Health and Human Services, Department of Life Sciences, Mathematical Sciences Institute (MSI), Australian National University (ANU), Centre for Advanced Imaging, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Institute of Clinical Medicine [Oslo], Faculty of Medicine [Oslo], Medical Faculty [Mannheim], Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Genetic Epidemiology Unit, University of Mississippi Medical Center (UMMC), Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM), Department of Cell Therapy, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig]-Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Statistics [Coventry], University of Warwick [Coventry], Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Department of Health Science, Division of Health and Rehabilitation, Luleå University of Technology (LUT), Osaka University [Osaka], University Medical Center [Utrecht]-Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University of Nottingham, UK (UON), McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92617, USA, Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health [Mannheim], Medical Faculty [Mannheim]-Medical Faculty [Mannheim], Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), University of Applied Sciences [Munich], Dpt of Pharmacology and Personalised Medicine [Maastricht], Maastricht University [Maastricht], Genetics of Mental Illness and Brain Function, Neuroscience Research Australia, Department of neurology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland, Department of neurology, University of Eastern Finland-University Hospital of Kuopio-University of Eastern Finland-University Hospital of Kuopio, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia, National Institute of Aging, 3rd Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki-General Hospital of Thessaloniki George Papanikolaou, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Genentech, Inc. [San Francisco], Psychiatry and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Community Medicine, Berlin School of Mind and Brain [Berlin], Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Carver College of Medicine [Iowa City], University of Iowa [Iowa City]-University of Iowa [Iowa City], Centre for Population Health Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], University of Pretoria [South Africa], University of Missouri [Columbia] (Mizzou), University of Missouri System, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, HELIOS Klinikum Stralsund Hanseatic-Greifswald University Hospital, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen], University of Southern California (USC), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Sans affiliation, Radboud University [Nijmegen]-Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Radboud University [Nijmegen]-Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], University of Toronto, Radboud University [Nijmegen], Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Universität Bonn = University of Bonn, Department of Neurosciences [Univ California San Diego] (Neuro - UC San Diego), School of Medicine [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), Department of Cognitive Sciences [Univ California San Diego] (CogSci - UC San Diego), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH & RC), Universiteit Leiden-Universiteit Leiden, University of Twente, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Centre épigénétique et destin cellulaire (EDC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], University of Oxford, University of Maryland [Baltimore County] (UMBC), University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System-University of Maryland School of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), University Hospital Mannheim | Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Universität Leipzig-Universität Leipzig, University Hospital Mannheim | Universitätsmedizin Mannheim-University Hospital Mannheim | Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Eastern Finland, Universiteit Leiden, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Humboldt University Of Berlin, Radboud University [Nijmegen]-Radboud University [Nijmegen], School of Medicine / Clinical Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Other departments, Adult Psychiatry, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], McGill University-McGill University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, McGill University, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies liées au Vieillissement (Inserm U1167 - RID-AGE - Institut Pasteur), University of Bergen (UIB), Iowa State University (ISU)-U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Beijing Normal University, Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center Nijmegen, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Gènes, Synapses et Cognition, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), National University of Ireland Maynooth (NUIM), Texas Biomedical Research Institute [San Antonio, Texas], Bijvoet Center of Biomolecular Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB)-Hôpital Erasme (Bruxelles), Okayama University [Okayama], University of Florida [Gainesville], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki-G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, University of Missouri [Columbia], Epidemiology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Medical Informatics, Internal Medicine, Neurology, Biological Psychology, APH - Mental Health, APH - Methodology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Cognitive Psychology, IBBA, APH - Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Brain Imaging, MUMC+: DA Klinische Genetica (5), Klinische Genetica, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Anatomy and neurosciences, APH - Digital Health, Hal, GIN, Læknadeild (HÍ), Faculty of Medicine (UI), Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Health Sciences (UI), Háskóli Íslands, University of Iceland, Universidad de Cantabria, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Male, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Genome-wide association study, 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit, Spatial memory, 0302 clinical medicine, 610 Medicine & health, Child, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Episodic memory, Aged, 80 and over, Subiculum, 220 Statistical Imaging Neuroscience, COMMON VARIANTS, ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE, ddc:500, Alzheimer's disease, genetics [Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases], Science, Locus (genetics), genetics [Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases], Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Alzheimer Disease, ASTN2 protein, human, Humans, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, METAANALYSIS, Aged, Glycoproteins, Dentate gyrus, MEMORY, medicine.disease, R1, 030104 developmental biology, nervous system, Genetic Loci, MSRB3 protein, human, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 0301 basic medicine, General Physics and Astronomy, genetics [Alzheimer Disease], Hippocampal formation, Hippocampus, Genome-wide association studies, Taugasjúkdómar, Cohort Studies, DPP4 protein, human, TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY, BRAIN-REGIONS, genetics [Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4], genetics [Nerve Tissue Proteins], Genetics, Multidisciplinary, Neurodegenerative diseases, BIPOLAR DISORDER, Organ Size, Middle Aged, SUBFIELDS, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases, growth & development [Hippocampus], Female, genetics [Glycoproteins], Microtubule-Associated Proteins, Medical Genetics, Neuroinformatics, Adult, genetics [Microtubule-Associated Proteins], Adolescent, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI, Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4, genetics [Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases], Nerve Tissue Proteins, Bioinformatik och systembiologi, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Biology, physiopathology [Alzheimer Disease], 150 000 MR Techniques in Brain Function, Young Adult, MAST4 protein, human, medicine, Journal Article, Erfðafræði, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, ddc:610, Medicinsk genetik, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Rannsóknir, General Chemistry, Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases, 150 Psychology, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: The hippocampal formation is a brain structure integrally involved in episodic memory, spatial navigation, cognition and stress responsiveness. Structural abnormalities in hippocampal volume and shape are found in several common neuropsychiatric disorders. To identify the genetic underpinnings of hippocampal structure here we perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 33,536 individuals and discover six independent loci significantly associated with hippocampal volume, four of them novel. Of the novel loci, three lie within genes (ASTN2, DPP4 and MAST4) and one is found 200 kb upstream of SHH. A hippocampal subfield analysis shows that a locus within the MSRB3 gene shows evidence of a localized effect along the dentate gyrus, subiculum, CA1 and fissure. Further, we show that genetic variants associated with decreased hippocampal volume are also associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (rg=-0.155). Our findings suggest novel biological pathways through which human genetic variation influences hippocampal volume and risk for neuropsychiatric illness., published version, peerReviewed
Published: 2017

186. Applications of NMR and computational methodologies to study protein dynamics

Author: Khushboo Bafna, Louise D. Roux, Nicolas Doucet, Chitra Narayanan, Pratul K. Agarwal, Institut Armand Frappier (INRS-IAF), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS), Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC, Department of Biochemistry & Cellular & Molecular Biology and the Genome Science & Technology Program, PROTEO, The Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering, and Applications, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-University of Ottawa [Ottawa]-Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-TransBiotech, Lévis-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines (GRASP), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and This work was supported in part by a multi-PI grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number R01GM105978 to N.D. and P.K.A., and a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grant under award number RGPIN-2016-05557 (to N.D.). C.N. holds a Post-doctoral Fellowship from the Fondation Universitaire Armand-Frappier de l’ INRS. N.D. holds a Fonds de Recherche Québec - Sante (FRQS) Research Scholar Junior 2 Career Award.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Time Factors, Science and engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biophysics, Protein dynamics, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, 010402 general chemistry, Chemical shift analysis, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Computational chemistry, Multiple time, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Quasi anharmonic analysis, Allostery, Molecular Biology, Spin relaxation, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular, Flexibility (engineering), Chemistry, Conformational sub-states, Proteins, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 0104 chemical sciences, Characterization (materials science), 030104 developmental biology, Relaxation dispersion, Isotope Labeling, Relaxation (approximation), Biochemical engineering, Allosteric Site
Abstract: International audience; Overwhelming evidence now illustrates the defining role of atomic-scale protein flexibility in biological events such as allostery, cell signaling, and enzyme catalysis. Over the years, spin relaxation nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has provided significant insights on the structural motions occurring on multiple time frames over the course of a protein life span. The present review article aims to illustrate to the broader community how this technique continues to shape many areas of protein science and engineering, in addition to being an indispensable tool for studying atomic-scale motions and functional characterization. Continuing developments in underlying NMR technology alongside software and hardware developments for complementary computational approaches now enable methodologies to routinely provide spatial directionality and structural representations traditionally harder to achieve solely using NMR spectroscopy. In addition to its well-established role in structural elucidation, we present recent examples that illustrate the combined power of selective isotope labeling, relaxation dispersion experiments, chemical shift analyses, and computational approaches for the characterization of conformational sub-states in proteins and enzymes.
Published: 2017

187. Simulations 3D d’interactions rotor/stator dans des moteurs d’avion avec vitesse variable

Author: Alain Batailly, Christophe Pierre, Mathias Legrand, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering [Urbana], University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], and University of Illinois System-University of Illinois System
Subjects: Engineering, Test bench, rubbing, abradable coating, friction, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Aerospace Engineering, Angular velocity, 02 engineering and technology, low-pressure compressor, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Acceleration, nonlinear dynamics, 0203 mechanical engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Sensitivity (control systems), unilateral contact dynamics, Aerospace engineering, 010301 acoustics, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Rotor–stator interaction, Vibration, Nonlinear system, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Fuel Technology, Amplitude, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, rotor/stator interaction, business
Abstract: International audience; Modern aircraft engine designs feature reduced clearances that may initiate structural contacts between rotating and static components. A numerical strategy dedicated to the simulation of such interactions is here enriched in order to account for time-dependent angular speeds. This contribution first details the evolution of the numerical strategy before validating the developments by comparing numerical results with experimental observations made on an industrial test bench. Further numerical investigations allow to assess the sensitivity of numerical results to acceleration and deceleration rates. Results, obtained with and without abradable coating, underline the fundamental nonlinear nature of the analyzed system. It is found that lower acceleration rates favour the arisal of interaction phenomena and that amplitudes of vibration at a given angular speed are generally lower when the blade decelerates.; Les moteurs d'avion récents ont la particularité d'avoir des jeux réduits favorisant l'apparition de contacts entre les parties tournantes et statiques. Cet article porte sur l'enrichissement d'une stratégie numérique dédiée à la simulation de telles interactions dans le but de permettre la prise en compte de la variation de la vitesse de rotation en fonction du temps. Les développements proposés sont présentés en détails avant d'être validés par comparaison à des observations expérimentales. Une étude plus poussée du modèle numérique permet d'évaluer sa sensibilité aux taux d'accélération et de décélération. Les résultats obtenus, avec et sans prise en compte du revêtement abradable habituellement déposé sur la surface de contact des carters, soulignent le caractère fondamentalement non-linéaire du système étudié. En particulier, il est mis en évidence que de faibles accélérations favorisent l'apparition d'interactions et que les amplitudes de vibration sont globalement plus faibles lors des phases de décélération.
Published: 2017

188. A New Chronology of Late Quaternary Sequences From the Central Arctic Ocean Based on 'Extinction Ages' of Their Excesses in 231 Pa and 230 Th

Author: Hillaire-Marcel, C., Ghaleb, B., de Vernal, A., Maccali, J., Cuny, K., Jacobel, A., Le Duc, C., Mcmanus, J., Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry
Abstract: International audience; Merging the late Quaternary Arctic paleoceanography into the Earth's global climate history remains challenging due to the lack of robust marine chronostratigraphies. Over ridges notably, low and variable sedimentation rates, scarce biogenic remains ensuing from low productivity and/or poor preservation, and oxygen isotope and paleomagnetic records differing from global stacks represent major impediments. However, as illustrate here based on consistent records from Mendeleev‐Alpha and Lomonosov Ridges, disequilibria between U‐series isotopes can provide benchmark ages. In such settings, fluxes of the particle‐reactive U‐daughter isotopes 230Th and 231Pa from the water column, are not unequivocally linked to sedimentation rates, but rather to sea‐ice rafting and brine production histories, thus to the development of sea‐ice factories over shelves during intervals of high relative sea level. The excesses in 230Th and 231Pa over fractions supported by their parent U‐isotopes, collapse down sedimentary sequences, due to radioactive decay, and provide radiometric benchmark ages of approximately 300 and 140 ka, respectively. These “extinction ages” point to mean sedimentation rates of ∼4.3 and ∼1.7 mm/ka, respectively, over the Lomonosov and Mendeleev Ridges, which are significantly lower than assumed in most recent studies, thus highlighting the need for revisiting current interpretations of Arctic lithostratigraphies in relation to the global‐scale late Quaternary climatostratigraphy.
Published: 2017

189. A statistical framework for neuroimaging data analysis based on mutual information estimated via a Gaussian copula

Author: Bruno L. Giordano, Joachim Gross, Philippe G. Schyns, Guillaume A. Rousselet, Robin A. A. Ince, Christoph Kayser, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, CENTRE FOR COGNITIVE NEUROIMAGING IN GLASGOW (CCNI), and University of Glasgow
Subjects: Multivariate statistics, Multivariate analysis, multivariate statistics, Computer science, Gaussian, Entropy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Information Theory, Normal Distribution, synergy, Information theory, Copula (probability theory), 0302 clinical medicine, EEG, Entropy (energy dispersal), mutual information, Research Articles, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, Brain Mapping, MEG, Entropy (statistical thermodynamics), redundancy, Brain, Electroencephalography, Mutual information, symbols, Research Article, Copula (linguistics), Neuroimaging, Sensitivity and Specificity, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Entropy (classical thermodynamics), Entropy (information theory), Humans, Computer Simulation, Statistical theory, Entropy (arrow of time), 030304 developmental biology, Statistical hypothesis testing, Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition, business.industry, Pattern recognition, conditional mutual information, copula, Pairwise comparison, interaction information, Artificial intelligence, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Entropy (order and disorder)
Abstract: We begin by reviewing the statistical framework of information theory as applicable to neuroimaging data analysis. A major factor hindering wider adoption of this framework in neuroimaging is the difficulty of estimating information theoretic quantities in practice. We present a novel estimation technique that combines the statistical theory of copulas with the closed form solution for the entropy of Gaussian variables. This results in a general, computationally efficient, flexible, and robust multivariate statistical framework that provides effect sizes on a common meaningful scale, allows for unified treatment of discrete, continuous, uni-and multi-dimensional variables, and enables direct comparisons of representations from behavioral and brain responses across any recording modality. We validate the use of this estimate as a statistical test within a neuroimaging context, considering both discrete stimulus classes and continuous stimulus features. We also present examples of analyses facilitated by these developments, including application of multivariate analyses to MEG planar magnetic field gradients, and pairwise temporal interactions in evoked EEG responses. We show the benefit of considering the instantaneous temporal derivative together with the raw values of M/EEG signals as a multivariate response, how we can separately quantify modulations of amplitude and direction for vector quantities, and how we can measure the emergence of novel information over time in evoked responses. Open-source Matlab and Python code implementing the new methods accompanies this article.HighlightsNovel estimator for mutual information and other information theoretic quantitiesProvides general, efficient, flexible and robust multivariate statistical frameworkValidated statistical performance on EEG and MEG dataApplications to spectral power and phase, 2D magnetic field gradients, temporal derivativesInteraction information relates information content in different responses
Published: 2017

190. La caractérisation de l’hétérogénéité cognitive des personnes âgées en santé : Préservation de l’intelligence cristallisée

Author: Lavallée, Marie, Vallet, Guillaume T., Bocti, Christian, Sévigny-Dupont, Pénélope, Joannette, Maude, Masse, Benoît, Nikelski, Jim, Chertkow, Howard, Joubert, Sven, LAPSCO, HAL, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Research Centre on Aging, Centre integré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Estrie (CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Sherbrooke (CSSS-IUGS), Département de médecine sociale et préventive [ESPUM-Montréal] (ESPUM), Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and CERNEC
Subjects: [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

191. ENIGMA and the individual: Predicting factors that affect the brain in 35 countries worldwide

Author: Thompson, Paul M., Dennis, Emily L., Gutman, Boris A., Hibar, Derrek P., Jahanshad, Neda, Kelly, Sinead, Stein, Jason L., Whelan, Christopher D., Andreassen, Ole A., Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro, Bearden, Carrie E., Boedhoe, Premika S., van den Heuvel, Odile L., Veltman, Dick J., Brouwer, Rachel M., de Reus, Marcel A., Pol, Hilleke E.Hulshoff, van den Heuvel, Martijn P., Buckner, Randy L., Buitelaar, Jan K., Fisher, Simon E., Francks, Clyde, Franke, Barbara, Hoogman, Martine, van Rooij, Daan, Bulayeva, Kazima B., Cannon, Dara M., McDonald, Colm, Cohen, Ronald A., Conrod, Patricia J., Dale, Anders M., Holland, Dominic, Deary, Ian J., Wardlaw, Joanna M., Desrivieres, Sylvane, Schumann, Gunter, Dima, Danai, Frangou, Sophia, Donohoe, Gary, Guadalupe, Tulio, Fouche, Jean Paul, Stein, Dan J., Ganjgahi, Habib, Garavan, Hugh, Glahn, David C., Grabe, Hans J., Hashimoto, Ryota, Hosten, Norbert, Kochunov, Peter, Kremen, William S., Lee, Phil H., Mackey, Scott, Mazoyer, Bernard, Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Morey, Rajendra A., Nichols, Thomas E., Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Shen, Li, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smit, Dirk J.A., Smoller, Jordan W., Toro, Roberto, Turner, Jessica A., Schmaal, Lianne, van Erp, Theo G.M., Walter, Henrik, Wang, Yalin, Wright, Margaret J., Ye, Jieping, Anatomy and neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, Psychiatry, University of Southern California (USC), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo (UiO)-Institute of Clinical Medicine-Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Department of Psychiatry, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands, Department of Psychiatry [Boston], Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen], N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119333, Russia, Human Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), University of Florida [Gainesville], Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, King‘s College London, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, University of Edinburgh, Department of Hematology, 'Ion Chiricuta' Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin-St. James's Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, Language and Genetics Department [Nijmegen], Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university [Nijmegen], Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Shahid Beheshti Medical University, University of Vermont [Burlington], Dpt of Psychiatry [New Haven], Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, HELIOS Klinikum Stralsund Hanseatic-Greifswald University Hospital, International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences (IMPRS ), Department of Mathematics [UCLA], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, Laboratory of Neuro Imaging [Los Angeles] (LONI), Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University [Osaka], David Geffen School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University Medical Center [Utrecht], Greifswald University Hospital, MetaCase [Jyväskylä], University of Maryland [Baltimore County] (UMBC), University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System-University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland System, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington 05401, VT, USA, Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (GIN - UMR 5296), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Duke University [Durham], Warwick Manufacturing Group [Coventry] (WMG), University of Warwick [Coventry], Department of Statistics [Warwick], McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University-McGill University, Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Göttingen Zentrum Geowissenschaften, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University System, Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College of London [London] (UCL), Shell (Netherlands), Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of York [York, UK], Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UCI), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin School of Mind and Brain [Berlin], Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen], University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System-University of Maryland [Baltimore County] (UMBC), Amsterdam Neuroscience - Brain Imaging, Biological Psychology, Radboud University [Nijmegen]-Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Radboud University [Nijmegen]-Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Radboud University [Nijmegen]-Radboud University [Nijmegen], University of California (UC), Radboud University [Nijmegen], Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), Humboldt University Of Berlin, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Neuroinformatics, Candidate gene, endocrine system, Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Structure and Function, BF, Genome-wide association study, Disease, Affect (psychology), Article, 150 000 MR Techniques in Brain Function, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, Neuroimaging, cortical surface-area, medicine, Journal Article, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, alzheimers-disease, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Depression (differential diagnoses), Brain Diseases, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], white-matter, Mental Disorders, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, medicine.disease, heritability analysis, susceptibility loci, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology, Evolutionary biology, Schizophrenia, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, Research Programm of Donders Centre for Neuroscience, genome-wide association, chronic-schizophrenia, genetic associations, Psychology, candidate genes, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 165964pub.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) In this review, we discuss recent work by the ENIGMA Consortium (http://enigma.ini.usc.edu) – a global alliance of over 500 scientists spread across 200 institutions in 35 countries collectively analyzing brain imaging, clinical, and genetic data. Initially formed to detect genetic influences on brain measures, ENIGMA has grown to over 30 working groups studying 12 major brain diseases by pooling and comparing brain data. In some of the largest neuroimaging studies to date – of schizophrenia and major depression – ENIGMA has found replicable disease effects on the brain that are consistent worldwide, as well as factors that modulate disease effects. In partnership with other consortia including ADNI, CHARGE, IMAGEN and others11 Abbreviations: ADNI, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (http://www.adni-info.org); CHARGE, the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium (http://www.chargeconsortium.com); IMAGEN, IMAging GENetics Consortium (http://www.imagen-europe.com). , ENIGMA's genomic screens – now numbering over 30,000 MRI scans – have revealed at least 8 genetic loci that affect brain volumes. Downstream of gene findings, ENIGMA has revealed how these individual variants – and genetic variants in general – may affect both the brain and risk for a range of diseases. The ENIGMA consortium is discovering factors that consistently affect brain structure and function that will serve as future predictors linking individual brain scans and genomic data. It is generating vast pools of normative data on brain measures – from tens of thousands of people – that may help detect deviations from normal development or aging in specific groups of subjects. We discuss challenges and opportunities in applying these predictors to individual subjects and new cohorts, as well as lessons we have learned in ENIGMA's efforts so far.
Published: 2017

192. Full Three-Dimensional Rotor/Stator Interaction Simulations in Aircraft Engines With Time-Dependent Angular Speed

Author: Batailly, Alain, Legrand, Mathias, Pierre, Christophe, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering [Urbana], University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], and University of Illinois System-University of Illinois System
Subjects: nonlinear dynamics, rubbing, abradable coating, friction, rotor/stator interaction, unilateral contact dynamics, low-pressure compressor, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Modern aircraft engine designs feature reduced clearances that may initiate structural contacts between rotating and static components. A numerical strategy dedicated to the simulation of such interactions is here enriched in order to account for time-dependent angular speeds. This contribution first details the evolution of the numerical strategy before validating the developments by comparing numerical results with experimental observations made on an industrial test bench. Further numerical investigations allow to assess the sensitivity of numerical results to acceleration and deceleration rates. Results, obtained with and without abradable coating, underline the fundamental nonlinear nature of the analyzed system. It is found that lower acceleration rates favour the arisal of interaction phenomena and that amplitudes of vibration at a given angular speed are generally lower when the blade decelerates.; Les moteurs d'avion récents ont la particularité d'avoir des jeux réduits favorisant l'apparition de contacts entre les parties tournantes et statiques. Cet article porte sur l'enrichissement d'une stratégie numérique dédiée à la simulation de telles interactions dans le but de permettre la prise en compte de la variation de la vitesse de rotation en fonction du temps. Les développements proposés sont présentés en détails avant d'être validés par comparaison à des observations expérimentales. Une étude plus poussée du modèle numérique permet d'évaluer sa sensibilité aux taux d'accélération et de décélération. Les résultats obtenus, avec et sans prise en compte du revêtement abradable habituellement déposé sur la surface de contact des carters, soulignent le caractère fondamentalement non-linéaire du système étudié. En particulier, il est mis en évidence que de faibles accélérations favorisent l'apparition d'interactions et que les amplitudes de vibration sont globalement plus faibles lors des phases de décélération.
Published: 2017

193. Low sedimentary accumulation of lead caused by weak downward export of organic matter in Hudson Bay, northern Canada

Author: Bassam Ghaleb, Xavier Mari, Aurélie Dufour, André Poirier, Christophe Migon, Louis Legendre, Benoit Thibodeau, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (Ecosym), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Ocean, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate change, 010501 environmental sciences, Oligotrophy, 01 natural sciences, carbon budget, Carbon budget, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Organic matter, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, oligotrophy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, chemistry.chemical_classification, particulate matter, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Lead (sea ice), Sediment, Particulates, ocean, Oceanography, climate change, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Vertical transfer, Sedimentary rock, Particulate matter, Bay, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Atmospheric input of anthropogenic lead increased globally over the last centuries. The present study shows that the concentrations of lead in sediment cores from low-productivity Hudson Bay, northern Canada, remained relatively constant over the last centuries. The lack of imprint of the increased anthropogenic lead input in this marine environment is not consistent with the increased lead concentrations in nearby lakes over the same period. In addition, the observed trend in lead isotopic composition in our cores suggests an apparent progressive overprint of anthropogenic lead during the 1900's. In other words, isotopes clearly registered the increasingly anthropogenic nature of lead in the sedimentary record, but total lead concentrations remained constant, indicating that some process limited the export of lead to the sediment. These observations point to a long-term limitation of the downward export of particles in Hudson Bay. Given that the source of lead was the same for both Hudson Bay and neighboring highproductivity lakes, we hypothesize that the very low primary productivity of Hudson Bay waters was responsible for the low vertical export of lead to marine sediments. We further propose that primary productivity is the most important factor that generally drives the vertical export of particulate matter, and thus hydrophobic contaminants, in near-oligotrophic marine environments.
Published: 2017

194. A comparison of accurate automatic hippocampal segmentation methods

Author: Jens C. Pruessner, Vladimir S. Fonov, Azar Zandifar, Pierrick Coupé, D. Louis Collins, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Patch-based processing for medical and natural images (PICTURA), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB), and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: Male, Computer science, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Cognitive Neuroscience, Speech recognition, Hippocampal segmentation, Alzheimer's disease, Dice's κ, Cohen's d, Area under receiver operating characteristic curve, Hippocampus, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, ddc:150, Alzheimer Disease, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, Segmentation, Dice's , Cognitive impairment, Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neurology, Hippocampal volume, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; The hippocampus is one of the first brain structures affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD). While many automatic methods for hippocampal segmentation exist, few studies have compared them on the same data. In this study, we compare four fully automated hippocampal segmentation methods in terms of their conformity with manual segmentation and their ability to be used as an AD biomarker in clinical settings. We also apply error correction to the four automatic segmentation methods, and complete a comprehensive validation to investigate differences between the methods. The effect size and classification performance is measured for AD versus normal control (NC) groups and for stable mild cognitive impairment (sMCI) versus progressive mild cognitive impairment (pMCI) groups. Our study shows that the nonlinear patch-based segmentation method with error correction is the most accurate automatic segmentation method and yields the most conformity with manual segmentation (κ=0.894). The largest effect size between AD versus NC and sMCI versus pMCI is produced by FreeSurfer with error correction. We further show that, using only hippocampal volume, age, and sex as features, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve reaches up to 0.8813 for AD versus NC and 0.6451 for sMCI versus pMCI. However, the automatic segmentation methods are not significantly different in their performance.
Published: 2017

195. Spectre vibratoire d'un oscillateur discret à impacts

Author: Anders Thorin, Mathias Legrand, Sciencesconf.org, CCSD, Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and Université Paris-Saclay
Subjects: spectre vibratoire, diagramme énergie–fréquence, analyse modale non–régulière, système discret, [SPI.MECA.STRU] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], vibro–impact, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Cette contribution examine le spectre vibratoire d’un oscillateur autonome et conservatif, sujet à une contrainte unilatérale qui restreint le déplacement d’un degré de liberté. Des développements récents ont permis de paramétrer les solutions périodiques d’un tel système en fonction du nombre $k \in\mathbb{N}^*$ d’impacts par période. Le spectre correspondant est composé d’une multitude de branches à $k$ impacts par période. Le système d’étude est un oscillateur à deux degrés de liberté. Malgré sa simplicité apparente, son diagramme énergie–fréquence est d’une grande richesse. Les résultats présentés se concentrent donc sur des $k$ petits ($k \leq 3$) et l’emphase est portée sur les liens entre des différentes branches du diagramme. Deux phénomènes sont détaillés : la bifurcation de la branche d’un mode linéaire vers une boucle du spectre de solutions à un, deux puis trois impacts par période ainsi qu’une apparente convergence vers un mouvement périodique impliquant une phase de contact collé de durée non nulle.
Published: 2017

196. The Sources of Sequential Modulations of Control Processes in Arithmetic Strategies: A Magnetoencephalography Study

Author: Thomas Hinault, Jean-Michel Badier, Patrick Lemaire, Sylvain Baillet, Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, Cognitive Neuroscience, Prefrontal Cortex, Gyrus Cinguli, 050105 experimental psychology, Task (project management), Executive Function, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Selection (linguistics), medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Arithmetic, Control (linguistics), Problem Solving, Brain Mapping, medicine.diagnostic_test, Point (typography), 05 social sciences, Magnetoencephalography, Cognition, Mathematical Concepts, Dynamics (music), [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, Multiplication, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: In a wide variety of cognitive domains, performance is determined by the selection and execution of cognitive strategies to solve problems. We used magnetoencephalography to identify the brain regions involved and specify the time course of dynamic modulations of executive control processes during strategy execution. Participants performed a computational estimation task in which they were instructed to execute a poorer or better strategy to estimate results of two-digit multiplication problems. When participants were asked to execute the poorer strategy, two distinct sets of brain activations were identified, depending on whether the poorer strategy (engaging the left inferior frontal junction) or the better strategy (engaging ACC) had been executed on the immediately preceding items. Our findings also revealed the time course of activations in regions involved in sequential modulations of cognitive control processes during arithmetic strategy execution. These findings point at processes of proactive preparation on items after poorer strategy items and dynamics of reactive adjustments after better strategy items.
Published: 2017

197. PAM50: Multimodal template of the brainstem and spinal cord compatible with the ICBM152 space

Author: de Leener, Benjamin, Fonov, Vladimir, Collins, D. Louis, Callot, Virginie, Stikov, Nikola, Cohen-Adad, Julien, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), and BERNARD, Monique
Subjects: [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging
Abstract: International audience; Template-based analysis of multi-parametric MRI data of the spinal cord sets the foundation for multi-center studies with minimum bias, thereby helping the discovery of new biomarkers of spinal-related diseases. In this study, we introduce a spinal cord MRI template, the PAM50, which is anatomically compatible with the ICBM152 brain template and uses the same coordinate system. The fusion of the PAM50 and ICBM152 templates facilitates group studies and multi-center studies of combined brain and spinal cord MRI and also allows the use of existing atlases of the brainstem compatible with the ICBM template.
Published: 2017

198. Different regional climatic drivers of Holocene large wildfires in boreal forests of northeastern America

Author: Gabriel Magnan, Martin Lavoie, Ahmed-Adam Ali, Christelle Hély, Olivier Blarquez, Yves Bergeron, Cécile C. Remy, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), EPHE PSL Research University (EPHE PSL), Département de géographie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Centre d'Etudes Nordiques (CEN), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Taiga, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Climate change, 15. Life on land, 01 natural sciences, 13. Climate action, Evapotranspiration, Spring (hydrology), Paleoclimatology, Environmental science, Precipitation, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, ddc:910
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

199. Non-smooth modal analysis of piecewise-linear impact oscillators

Author: Anders Thorin, Mathias Legrand, Pierre Delezoide, Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and Chercheur indépendant
Subjects: Dynamical systems theory, Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry), Unilateral contact, 02 engineering and technology, non-smooth modes, 01 natural sciences, Piecewise linear function, 0203 mechanical engineering, non-linear modal analysis, Control theory, 0103 physical sciences, oscillateurs à impacts, analyse modale non-linéaire, Invariant (mathematics), 010301 acoustics, modes non-réguliers, Mathematics, Mathematical analysis, impact oscillators, nonlinear normal modes, [SPI.MECA.VIBR]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], modal analysis, Vibration, Nonlinear system, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Modeling and Simulation, Phase space, [SPI.GCIV.DV]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Dynamique, vibrations, Analysis, analyse modale
Abstract: International audience; Periodic solutions of autonomous and conservative second-order dynamical systems of finite dimension n undergoing one unilateral contact condition are investigated in continuous time. The unilateral constraint is complemented with a purely elastic impact law which preserves total energy. The dynamics is linear when there is no contact. The number $k$ of impacts per period arises as a natural parameter of the proposed formulation. Interestingly, the existence of the targeted periodic solutions is essentially governed by a system of only $k-1$ nonlinear equations with k unknowns, regardless of the number of degrees-of-freedom. This serves to prove that the phase-space is populated by one-dimensional continua of periodic solutions generating invariant manifolds which can be understood as nonsmooth modes of vibration in the context of vibration analysis. Additionally, these equations provide an efficient and systematic way of calculating nonsmooth modes of vibration. They also demonstrate the existence of interesting properties: symmetries of trajectories and emergence of unique features such as manifolds supporting constant-frequency orbits. All results are illustrated through a simple in-line spring–mass system whose last mass undergoes the unilateral impact law. Stability is briefly discussed and a few neutrally stable modes are depicted. Animation corresponding to Fig. 7 (top left): Animation corresponding to Fig. 10 (top left): Animation corresponding to Fig. 15 (top left): Example of a stable motion with 3 impacts per period (gray: nonsmooth mode, blue: with perturbation): 20-dof, 1 impact per period: 20-dof, 5 impacts per period: 50-dof, 1 impact per period: 50-dof, 5 impacts per period: Finite Element model with a non-diagonal mass matrix, 1 ipp: Finite Element model with a non-diagonal mass matrix, 2 ipp: Finite Element model with a non-diagonal mass matrix, 5 ipp
Published: 2017

200. Wearable Haptic Systems for the Fingertip and the Hand: Taxonomy, Review, and Perspectives

Author: Massimiliano Solazzi, Antonio Frisoli, Domenico Prattichizzo, Claudio Pacchierotti, Stephen Sinclair, Vincent Hayward, Visual servoing in robotics, computer vision, and augmented reality (Lagadic), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Centre Européen de Réalité Virtuelle (CERV), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB), Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique (ISIR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SIRSlab, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: tactile force feedback, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Wearable haptics, fingertip haptics, hand exoskeletons, wearable devices, wearable interfaces, cutaneous force feedback, tactile force feedback, taxonomy, review, Data_MISCELLANEOUS, review, Wearable computer, 02 engineering and technology, fingertip haptics, Field (computer science), Electronic mail, Feedback, Wearable Electronic Devices, taxonomy, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, wearable devices, Human–computer interaction, Taxonomy (general), Physical Stimulation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Humans, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Computer vision, Wearable technology, Haptic technology, business.industry, cutaneous force feedback, 020207 software engineering, Hand, Computer Science Applications, Exoskeleton, Human-Computer Interaction, wearable interfaces, Touch, hand exoskeletons, Robot, Artificial intelligence, business, wearable haptics
Abstract: International audience; In the last decade, we have witnessed a drastic change in the form factor of audio and vision technologies, from heavy and grounded machines to lightweight devices that naturally fit our bodies. However, only recently, haptic systems have started to be designed with wearability in mind. The wearability of haptic systems enables novel forms of communication, cooperation, and integration between humans and machines. Wearable haptic interfaces are capable of communicating with the human wearers during their interaction with the environment they share, in a natural and yet private way. This paper presents a taxonomy and review of wearable haptic systems for the fingertip and the hand, focusing on those systems directly addressing wearability challenges. The paper also discusses the main technological and design challenges for the development of wearable haptic interfaces, and it reports on the future perspectives of the field. Finally, the paper includes two tables summarizing the characteristics and features of the most representative wearable haptic systems for the fingertip and the hand.
Published: 2017

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