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Promene koje se dešavaju u savremenom društvu nisu zaobišle ni porodicu, kao primarnu društvenu grupu. Prema statističkim podacima, tradicionalna porodica u nekim delovima sveta praktično iščezava i ustupa mesto drugim oblicima porodične strukture. Od poslednje četvrtine XX veka primetan je porast učešća jednoroditeljskih porodica, kao i povećanje interesovanja istraživača za ispitivanje problematike ove pojave. Jedno od važnih pitanja je povezanost ovakvog oblika strukture porodice sa maloletničkom delinkvencijom, što čini i predmet ovog rada. Cilj rada je ukazivanje na značaj ispitivanja porodičnih faktora rizika delinkvencije, sa posebnim osvrtom na specifičnosti jednoroditeljskih porodica. The changes that are happening in modern society have not evaded the family, as primary social group. According to statistics, the traditional family in some parts of the world is practically disappearing and giving way to other forms of family structure. Since the last quarter of the 20th century, there has been a noticeable increase in the participation of single-parent families, as well as an increase in the interest of researchers in examining the problems of this phenomenon. One of the important issues is the connection between this form of family structure and juvenile delinquency, which is the subject of this paper. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of examining family risk factors for delinquency, with special reference to the specifics of single-parent families. Porodica i savremeno društvo - Izazovi i perspektive

Araştırmanın amacı, tek ve iki ebeveynli çocukların benlik saygılarının incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda araştırmamız boşanma, ayrılık ve ölüm gibi nedenlerle tek ebeveyni ile yaşamak zorunda kalan öğrenciler ile bütünlüğünü koruyan ailede yaşayan öğrencilerin benlik saygılarının farklılaşma olup olmadığı, aralarındaki ilişkilerin ne düzeyde olduğunu belirlemeyi ve farklılaşmayı belirleyen nedenleri bulgulamak hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma, Bursa İl Merkezindeki Ortaöğretim okullarını temsilen seçilen dört lisede öğrenim gören 110'u tek ebeveyn, 100 tanesi iki ebeveyn olan 210 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada betimsel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu ve Rosenberg Benlik Saygı Ölçeği kullanılmış olup verilerin analizinde SPSS veri analiz programı kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılım göstermesi sonucunda istatistiksel analizlerde T-testi, Anova ve korelasyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan sonucunda; tek ebeveyn ile iki ebeveynli çocukların benlik saygılarında anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır. Bu nedenle yapılan çalışmalardan örnekler verilerek hipotezler desteklenmiştir. Erkeklerin eleştiriye duyarlılık ve ana baba ilgisi boyutlarının kızlara göre daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. 17-18 yaş grubundaki bireylerin ana baba ilgisi düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu ve bireylerin yaşlarının artmasına bağlı olarak baba ile ilişki düzeylerinin de artış gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Anne eğitim durumu daha düşük olan öğrencilerin kişiler arası ilişkilerde tehdit algısı düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Ebeveynleri ayrıldığında 6-11 yaş grubunda olan öğrencilerin kendilik kavramının sürekliliği düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu, 12-18 yaş grubunda olan ve ailesiyle yaşayan öğrencilerin eleştiriye duyarlılık düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Benlik saygısının artması ana baba ilgisi ve baba ile ilişki düzeylerini olumsuz etkilediği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Ölçekte yer alan 12 alt boyutu; benlik saygısı, insanlara güvenme, depresif duygulanım, tartışmalara katılabilme becerisi, baba ile ilişki, kendilik kavramının sürekliliği, eleştiriye duyarlılık, anne baba ilgisi, hayalperestlik, psiko-motor bilgiler, kişiler arası ilişkilerde tehdit algısının yetersizliğine sebep olan sorunların önlenebilmesi ve gereksinimlerin ortaya konulması bakımından öneriler sunulmuştur.Anahtar Kelimeler: Aile, Tek ve İki ebeveynli çocuklar, Benlik Saygısı The purpose of the study is to examine the self-esteem of single and two-parent children. In this regard, our research aims to determine whether the self-esteem of the students who have to live with their single parents due to divorce, separation and death, and the students who live in the family who maintain their integrity, have differentiation, determining the level of relations between them and determining the reasons for differentiation. The research was carried out with 210 students, 110 of whom are single parents, 100 of them are two parents, studying in four high schools selected to represent the secondary schools in Bursa City Center. Relational scanning method, one of the descriptive research methods, was used in the research. In the research, personal information form and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used as data collection tool, and SPSS data analysis program was used to analyze the data. As a result of the normal distribution of the data, T-test, Anova and correlation analyzes were used in statistical analysis. As a result of the research; No significant difference was found in the self-esteem of single-parent and two-parent children. Therefore, hypotheses are supported by giving examples from the studies. It was concluded that boys' sensitivity to criticism and parental interest were higher than girls. It was found that individuals in the 17-18 age group had higher levels of parental interest and that their relationship with the father increased due to the increase in the age of the individuals. It has been concluded that students whose mother education level is lower have higher levels of threat perception in interpersonal relations. When the parents were separated, it was concluded that the students who were in the 6-11 age group had higher levels of continuity in the concept of self, and that the students who were in the 12-18 age group and who lived with their family were less susceptible to criticism. It has been concluded that the increase in self-esteem affects parental interest and their relationship with the father negatively. 12 sub-dimensions included in the scale; self-esteem, trust in people, depressive affect, ability to participate in discussions, relationship with the father, continuity of the concept of self, sensitivity to criticism, interest in parents, dreamyness, psycho-motor information, preventing problems that cause insufficient perception of threats in interpersonal relationships and revealing needs suggestions are presented.Keywords: Family, Single and Two-parent children, Self-Esteem 116

Актуальность исследуемой проблемы заключается в том, что на сегодняшний день одним из распространённых типов семейных отношений является монородительская семья. Жизнедеятельность данных семей сопряжена с рядом трудностей и проблем, для решения и предотвращения которых значимой становится технология социальной профилактики. Цель статьи сводится к проведению анализа реализации технологии социальной профилактики семейного неблагополучия. Основные результаты позволили установить закономерность между количеством и качеством работы с получателями социальных услуг, достигнутым прогрессом во взаимодействии и ростом материального благополучия семьи.The relevance of the investigated problem is due to the fact that one of the common types of family relations today is a single-parent family. These families face a number of difficulties and problems, and the technology of social prevention becomes significant for their solution and prevention. The purpose of the article is to analyze the implementation of the family problems social prevention technology. The main results made it possible to find a relation between the quantity and quality of work with recipients of social services, the progress achieved in the interaction and the growth of material well-being of the family.

Although very preterm birth and very low birthweight are recognized risk factors for longer term developmental difficulties, there is a wide spectrum of outcomes for children and adolescents born preterm. Biological and social variables have the potential to explain this variability. Although current understanding of these influences and how they interact is incomplete, perinatal factors are related to permanent neurosensory impairments such as cerebral palsy, blindness, and deafness. Cognitive and academic outcomes are variably associated with biological and social variables across development, and the most robust correlates of behavior and mental health difficulties include early behavioral problems and family influences.

Resumen: En el presente artículo se exponen los resultados de una investigación de tipo cualitativa correspondiente a la actividad de tesis de los autores, realizada a familias monoparentales con jefatura femenina de la ciudad de Chillán (Chile), cuyo objetivo general fue conocer la percepción que tienen las madres de familias monoparentales de la mencionada ciudad, sobre la parentalización como medio para mantener el equilibrio familiar. Con dichas familias se trabajó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a las jefas de hogar e informantes clave, obteniéndose una apreciación de la distribución de los roles dentro del hogar y, de esta manera, una mayor comprensión de cómo el fenómeno de la parentalización logra ser una herramienta de utilidad para cada sistema familiar. Dentro de los resultados se puede apreciar como la parentalización responde a la historia personal de los jefes de hogar, así como a las circunstancias ambientales a las que se enfrentan las familias o enfermedades de los miembros de estas Abstract: The present article shows the results from a qualitative research and thesis of the authors carried out on single-parent families with female heads of household in the city of Chillán (Chile). The general objective was to know the perception of the mothers from single-parent families in the previously mentioned city, about parentification as a tool to maintain family balance. Semi-structured interviews were held with these female heads of household and key informants, which allowed an appreciation of role distribution within the household and also a greater understanding about how the parentification phenomenon can be a useful tool for each family system. The results showed how parentification follows the personal history of the household heads, as well as the environmental circumstances faced by the family or diseases of its members

Tema ovog diplomskog rada bila je Dinamika i odnosi među članovima u jednoroditeljskim obiteljima. Početak rada odnosi se na teorijski dio u kojem se mogu pronaći različite definicije i promišljanja znanstvenika iz raznih područja znanosti koje su bile adekvatne za proučavanje i razradu navedene teme. Zatim, objašnjenji su metodološki aspekti rada koji uključuju predmet istraživanja, cilj, istraživačka pitanja, i karakteristike prema kojima su odabrani sudionici i opis postupka provedbe istraživanja. Za provedbu istraživanja korištena ja kvalitativna metodologija, to jest, metoda polustrukturiranog intervjua, kojem je pristupilo dvadeset sugovornika/-ca koji su pripadnici jednoroditeljskih obitelji. Intervjui su provedeni u razdoblju od lipnja 2019. godine, pa do kraja kolovoza te iste. Razgovori su prikazani u obliku transkripata i mogu se pronaći u poglavlju priloga. Izdvojene su određene prepiske koje su bile važne kako bi se odgovorilo na sva postavljena istraživačka pitanja i detaljnije su analizirane u dijelu interpretacije rezultata. Istraživanjem smo otkrile kako su jednoroditeljske obitelji, barem prema mišljenju sugovornika i sugovornica koji su pristupili intervjuu, još uvijek podložne predrasudama i stereotipiziranju od strane ostalih i drugačijih članova društva. Nadalje, naveli su kako je odsutstvo drugog roditelja u određenoj mjeri utjecalo na formiranje identiteta djece iz jednoroditeljskih obitelji, ali da ih to i dalje ne čini nepotpunim obiteljima. Djeca su uglavnom zadovoljna svojim položajem među vršnjacima, iako smatraju kako imaju više obaveza u kućanstvu za razliku od svojih vršnjaka iz dvoroditeljskih obitelji. Pojava tvorbe jednoroditeljskih obitelji sve je učestalija, a razlozi nastanka sve različitiji, tako da se društvo uči prihvaćanju ovakvih oblika obitelji i intenzivno se edukacijom i širenjem spoznaja radi na tome da se otklone predrasude i pruži prilika jednoroditeljskim obiteljima da dokažu da su i one obitelji pune ljubavi i međusobne podrške, baš kao i sve ostale., The subject of this diploma thesis is The Dynamics and Relationships among singleparent family members. The beginning of this diploma thesis consists out of teoretical part which covers different definitons and scientific opinions which are of interest for the above mentioned topic. Furthermore, we explained the metodological structire of the research, which include the subject of research, purpose, scientific questions, and characteristic of the survey sample. Semi-structured interview is used in orderd to gain insight into the dynamics between members of single-parent families. The interviews have been implemented between June and the end of August of 2019. The above mentioned conversations are recorded and transcripted as can be seen in the apendix. This research has shown that single-parent families are still being stigmatised by other, at the same time, different members of our society. Furthermore, they stated that having one parent had consequenses that affected on their identity, but they dont find their families being incomplete. The children are mostly satisfied with their position among peers, aldo they have more obligations. On the other side, the fenomenon of formation of single-parent families becomes very frequent, and the emergence becomes more diferential. The society learns to embrace these types of families and by education and knowledge spreading, they are making effort in attempt of removing these prejudices. This is the way of giving the single-parent families the oportunity to prove that they are also families full of love and care for eachother.

The rapid economic and social development in the past decades has greatly increased the societal acceptance of divorce and non-marital pregnancies in China, which leads to a soaring number of single-parent children. This paper aimed to investigate the impact of having one parent absent on children&rsquo, food consumption and nutrition status. We extracted 1114 children from a longitudinal household survey data in China, all of which were observed twice. Using the Propensity Score Matching and Difference-in-Difference methods, we found that being raised by one parent does not have a negative effect on children&rsquo, s food consumption and nutrition intake. On the contrary, single-parent families tend to provide more food to their children as a compensation for the absence of one parent and this compensation effect offsets the negative impact caused by declined family income. Particularly, urban, rich families had stronger compensation effect than other families with low and middle incomes.

Background Positive mental health (PMH) is an important construct for understanding the full continuum of mental health. The aim of this study was to examine the association of family background with the level of PMH among adolescents and young adults in Finland. Methods Data from population-based Finnish School Health Promotion Study targeted at year 8. and 9. students of comprehensive school and year 1. and 2. students of upper secondary school and vocational schools was used (n = 134684) for the study. PMH was measured with short Warwick-Edinburgh-Mental-Wellbeing-Scale (SWEMWBS) and examined on a continuum from languishing (low level of positive mental health) to moderate to flourishing mental health (high level of positive mental health). Associations between flourishing/languishing mental health and family background variables were analysed with logistic regression analysis, school level and gender were adjusted. Results Flourishing mental health was associated with intact family background, higher education of parents and better financial situation of family. In contrast, languishing was associated with non-intact family conditions (single parent family, parents divorced, stepfamily) and parents’ unemployment, lower level of education and financial problems. Conclusions Family structure and socioeconomic status of parents have an impact on PMH of young people. Young people with non-intact family structure and/or poorer socioeconomic status may lack positive sense of well-being, in other words they have challenges to enjoy their life, to believe in their own abilities, to cope with normal stresses of life, to study productively and to enjoy interacting with others. Targeted interventions and promotive actions should be directed for young people with challenging family conditions in particular. Key messages Investigating positive mental health (PMH) is essential for understanding the full continuum of mental health. Family structure and parents’ socioeconomic status have an impact on PMH of young people.

Key Points Question Is the quality of American Community Survey estimates associated with changes in hospital readmission rankings after socioeconomic risk adjustment? Findings In this cross-sectional study of 96 278 hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia, and congestive heart failure included in the 2014 New York State Health Cost and Utilization Project, compared with previous stratification by safety-net hospital designation, the new peer group–based stratification system was associated with improved reliability of American Community Survey socioeconomic status estimates. Meaning Poor reliability in the American Community Survey can conceal and distort readmission rates for hospitals, and the use of peer group–based performance measurement is associated with a reduction, but not elimination, of the impact of measurement error on risk-adjusted rates., This cross-sectional study uses data from the New York State Health Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Database to examine whether the reliability of American Community Survey socioeconomic status estimates improves with the use of new peer group–based strata compared with previous stratification by safety-net hospital designation., Importance Since the transition to the American Community Survey, data uncertainty has complicated its use for policy making and research, despite the ongoing need to identify disparities in health care outcomes. The US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ new, stratified payment adjustment method for its Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program may be able to reduce the reliance on data linkages to socioeconomic survey estimates. Objective To determine whether there are differences in the reliability of socioeconomically risk-adjusted hospital readmission rates among hospitals that serve a disproportionate share of low-income populations after stratifying hospitals into peer group–based classification groups. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study uses data from the 2014 New York State Health Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Database for 96 278 hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia, and congestive heart failure. The analysis included patients aged 18 years and older who were not transferred to another hospital, who were discharged alive, who did not leave the hospital against medical advice, and who were discharged before December 2014. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcomes were 30-day hospital readmissions after acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia, and congestive heart failure assessed using hierarchical logistic regression. Results The mean (SD) age of the patients was 69.6 (16.0) years for the safety-net hospitals and 74.9 (14.7) years for the non–safety-net hospitals; 9382 (48.8%) and 7003 (48.5%) patients, respectively, were female. For safety net designations, 20% (3 of 15) of all evaluations concealed and distorted differences in risk, with factors such as poverty failing to identify similar risk of acute myocardial infarction readmission until unreliable estimates were excluded from the analysis (OR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.00-1.52], P = .02; vs OR, 1.17 [95% CI, 0.94-1.46], P = .15). By comparison, 2 of the 60 models (3%) for the peer group–based classification altered the association between socioeconomic status and readmission risk, concealing similarities in congestive heart failure readmission when adjusted using high school completion rates (OR, 1.27 [95% CI 1.02-1.58], P = .04; vs OR, 1.23 [95% CI, 0.98-1.53], P = .06) and distorting similarities in pneumonia readmissions when accounting for the proportion of lone-parent families (OR, 1.27 [95% CI, 0.98-1.66], P = .07; vs OR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.02-1.80], P = .04) between the lowest and highest socioeconomic status hospitals in quartile 1. Conclusions and Relevance There was greater precision in socioeconomic adjusted readmission estimates when hospitals were stratified into the new payment adjustment criteria compared with safety net designations. A contributing factor for improved reliability of American Community Survey estimates under the new payment criteria was the merging of patients from low-income neighborhoods with greater homogeneity in survey estimates into groupings similar to those for higher-income patients, whose neighborhoods often exhibit greater estimate variability. Additional efforts are needed to explore the effect of measurement error on American Community Survey–adjusted readmissions using the new peer group–based classification methods.

Background Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is a major issue affecting children’s oral health and clinical management. This study investigates the association between children’s DFA and family related factors, including parents’ DFA, parenting styles, family structure (nuclear or single-parent family), and presence of siblings. Methods A total of 405 children (9–13 years old) and their parents were recruited from 3 elementary schools in Hong Kong. Child’s demographic and family-related information was collected through a questionnaire. Parents’ and child’s DFA were measured by using the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS) and Children Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS–DS), respectively. Parenting styles were gauged by using the Parent Authority Questionnaire (PAQ). Results DFA was reported by 33.1% of children. The mean (SD) CFSS-DS score was 29.1 (11.0). Children with siblings tended to report DFA (37.0% vs. 24.1%; p = 0.034) and had a higher CFSS-DS score (29.9 vs. 27.4; p = 0.025) as compared with their counterpart. Children from single-parent families had lower CFSS-DS score as compared with children from nuclear families (β = − 9.177; p = 0.029). Subgroup analysis showed a higher CFSS-DS score among boys with siblings (β = 7.130; p = 0.010) as compared with their counterpart; girls’ from single-parent families had a lower CFSS-DS score (β = − 13.933; p = 0.015) as compared with girls from nuclear families. Children’s DFA was not associated with parents’ DFA or parenting styles (p > 0.05). Conclusions Family structure (nuclear or single-parent family) and presence of siblings are significant determinants for children’s DFA. Parental DFA and parenting style do not affect children’s DFA significantly. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12903-018-0553-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The crude divorce rate has been increasing steadily for over a decade in China. Consequently, more and more children have to face the challenge of growing up in single parent families. The current study investigated the mediating effects of problem-oriented and emotion-oriented coping on the relationship between parental attachment and psychological resilience among a sample of Chinese adolescents from single parent families and intact families. Participants were 975 high school students (44.30% males; aged 15–19 years, M = 16.32 years, SD = 0.74), 871 from intact families and 104 from single parent families. Structural equation modeling showed that security in maternal attachment was positively associated with resilience through the indirect effect of reduced emotion-oriented coping among adolescents from single parent families. Among adolescents from intact families, security in maternal attachment was both directly associated with resilience and indirectly through enhanced problem-oriented and reduced emotion-oriented coping. Security in paternal attachment was associated with resilience both directly and indirectly through enhanced problem-oriented coping as well among those from intact families. Female adolescents exhibited significantly lower levels of resilience than male adolescents did regardless of the marital status of their parents. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Background: In South Asian countries like India, family system lays a strong foundation in societies and therefore, the context and consequences of single parent family structures are markedly diff...

The author discusses the topic of families, especially incomplete. The work is about the disorganization of the family structure, showing its causes and history. The article describes the dangers of modern family and relations on the parentchild line. The author refers to economic emigration as one of the reasons for the loosening of family ties and the cause of incomplete families.

BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in early childhood and developmental outcomes during the middle childhood and adolescent years have been understudied among low-income Black families. OBJECTIVE To test a model linking economic hardship, single mothers' parenting stress, ACEs, and nonresident fathers' involvement in early childhood to behavior problems in middle childhood and adolescence. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING We used six waves of longitudinal data from a subsample of 800 unmarried Black mothers, nonresident fathers, and their children (at child birth and ages 1, 3, 5, 9, and 15) from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a nationally representative data set. METHOD Structural equation models with latent variables that incorporate path analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were tested. RESULTS Mothers' economic hardship was associated directly with parenting stress (beta = 0.27, p

La presente investigación plantea analizar las diferencias entre la personalidad y el clima social familiar en adolescentes que pertenecen a familia nuclear biparental y monoparental. La muestra estuvo conformada por 254 adolescentes de entre 13 y 19 años de instituciones educativas estatales de Lima Metropolitana. Se aplicó el Inventario de Personalidad para Adolescentes (MAPI) de Millon y la Escala de Clima Social en la Familia (FES) adaptada por Ruiz y Guerra. El diseño es descriptivo comparativo. Los resultados muestran que el tipo de familia (nuclear biparental y monoparental) no influye en los Estilos Básicos de Personalidad, no obstante, si hay influencia del sexo sobre la personalidad. Se concluye que el tipo de familia si influencia sobre la personalidad, pero no sobre el clima familiar, el tipo de familia de la que se forma parte, no es por sí misma una variable relevante para influir en el clima social familiar., This research raises analyze the differences in the personality and the family social climate of adolescents between who belong to nuclear parent Family and single-parent family. The sample consisted of 254 adolescents between 13 and 19 years of State educational institutions of Metropolitan Lima. We administered the Inventory of adolescents’ personality (MAPI) and the scale of family social climate (FES) adapted by Ruiz and Guerra. The design is descriptive comparative. The results show that the type of family (nuclear parent family and single- parent family) does not influences in the styles of personality, but is influences by the sex. The social family climate and type of family does not show differences significant in the scale, neither in the dimensions. In conclusion, the type of family influence in the personality but not in the social family climate; the type of family that the adolescent belong is not the only relevant variable to affect in the social family climate.

Researchers have identified father absence as a contributor to juvenile delinquency. Consequently, politicians and community leaders are making efforts to re-engage fathers. However, it is possible that the presence of fathers is not, in itself, a substantial protective factor and, in some cases, can even be more detrimental than father absence. Employing a diverse sample of male juvenile offenders in the U.S. (ages 13-17), the present study examined the differential effects of absent fathers and harsh fathers on delinquency. Results indicated that youth in the harsh-father group engaged in more offending behaviors and used more substances than youth in the absent-father group. This difference remained even after controlling for the mother-child relationship. Implications of these findings for future research and delinquency prevention programs are discussed.