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Semiconductor-based photocatalytic technology, as a green and promising avenue in response to the abuse of antibiotic pollution and human health crisis, is restricted by the limited photo-absorption and fast recombination of photogenerated carriers. In this paper, all these challenges were settled by AgBr particles incorporated into oxygen-deficient BiOBr nanosheets, forming novel oxygen vacancy (OV)-rich 2D/0D Z-scheme heterojunctions. Z-scheme photocatalytic system has an effective separation rate of photogenerated carriers and an ability to maintain original redox capacity. Moreover, introducing OVs in the Z-scheme can not only improve the visible light absorption ability, but also serve as recombination centers, thus promoting the separation of electrons and holes. Notably, the photocatalytic activity of 2D/0D BiO

Background Tracheostomy and endotracheal intubation can result in subglottic tracheal stenosis, and predisposition to keloid scar formation can increase stenosis risk after tracheal injury. This study aims to compare the incidence and severity of subglottic tracheal stenosis in keloid and non‐keloid patients following iatrogenic tracheal injury, in particular tracheostomy. Methods From 2012 to 2017, 218 573 patients were intubated for surgery; 2276 patients received tracheostomy in People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China. Among these patients, 133 patients, who developed tracheal stenosis after intubation and/or tracheostomy, were divided into keloid or non‐keloid groups; their Myer and Cotton grading of tracheal stenosis, time‐to‐onset of airway stenosis, and treatment outcome were assessed and compared. Results The percentages of high grade (Myer and Cotton grading III/IV) tracheal stenosis were higher among keloid patients than non‐keloid patients (intubation: 83.3% vs 25.7%; tracheostomy: 77.7% vs 33.3%). Time‐to‐onset of airway stenosis following intubation (tracheostomy) was 27 ± 5 (38 ± 13) and 41 ± 7 (82 ± 14) days for keloid and non‐keloid patients, respectively (P

Optimized pore size is essential for maximizing the encapsulation efficiency of molecules in solid supports. In this work, we prepared porous silica nanosheets with mesopore in the size range from ...

Self-assembly allows structures to organize themselves into regular patterns by using local forces to find the lowest-energy configuration. However, assembling organic and inorganic building blocks in an ordered framework remains challenging due to difficulties in rationally interfacing two dissimilar materials. Herein, the ensemble of polyoxometalates (POMs) and cyclodextrins (CDs) as molecular building blocks (MBBs) has yielded two unprecedented POM-CD-MOFs, namely [PW12O40]3– and α-CD MOF (POT-CD) as well as [P10Pd15.5O50]19– and γ-CD MOF (POP-CD), with distinct properties not shared by their isolated parent MBBs. Markedly, the POT-CD features a nontraditional enhanced Li storage behavior by virtue of a unique “amorphization and pulverization” process. This opens the door to a new generation of hybrid materials with tuned structures and customized functionalities.

Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) is one of the most destructive pests worldwide. Due to resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis and conventional insecticides, an effective management strategy to control this pest is urgently needed. Spinosad, a natural pesticide, is considered an alternative; however, the mechanism underlying the developmental effects of sublethal spinosad exposure remains elusive. In this study, the mechanism was examined using an insect model of H. armigera. Results confirmed that exposure to sublethal spinosad led to reduced larval wet weight, delayed larval developmental period, caused difficulty in molting, and deformed pupae. Further investigation demonstrated that exposure to sublethal spinosad caused a significant decrease in 20E titer and increase in JH titer, thereby leading to the discordance between 20E and JH titers, and consequently alteration in the expression levels of HR3 and Kr-h1. These results suggested that sublethal spinosad caused hormonal disorders in larvae, which directly affect insect development. Our study serves as a reference and basis for the toxicity evaluation of spinosad on molting and pupation in insect metamorphosis, which may contribute to identifying targets for effective control of cotton bollworm.

ObjectivesTo identify echocardiographic signatures featuring left ventricular longitudinal strain (LS) associated with genetic risk for cardiac amyloidosis (CA) due to theTTRVal142Ile (V142I) variant in African American (AA) and Hispanic/Latinx (H/L) individuals.BackgroundHereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (hATTR) can cause CA in ∼60-70% of older V142I carriers, but amyloid deposition progresses over many years. Disease-modifying therapy for CA is now available and early initiation is a priority for improving outcomes. Genomic screening programs and familial cascade genetic testing uncover pre-symptomatic V142I carriers, yet no guidelines exist for early CA detection.MethodsExome sequencing data linked to electronic health records (EHRs) of BioMebiobank participants were queried for AA or H/LTTR- andTTR+ (V142I) subjects without hATTR diagnoses and with prior echocardiograms suitable for retrospective LS analysis. Systemic “red flag” features of ATTR were extracted from EHRs ofTTR+ subjects. Speckle tracking echocardiography was retrospectively applied to determine global (GLS) and segmental LS. Relative apical sparing (RAS) was calculated.Results57TTR+ and 46TTR-age- and ancestry-matched subjects were included. GLS declined with age in females but not males, and was abnormal (TTR+ and 7 (15.2%)TTR-subjects (p = 0.066). Apical sparing was observed in 13 (22.8%)TTR+ and 11 (23.9%)TTR-subjects (p = 1.0). After adjusting for relevant demographic and echocardiographic covariates, neither GLS nor RAS was associated withTTR+ V142I status. Red flag features were not associated with GLS or RAS inTTR+ subjects.ConclusionsNeither GLS nor RAS were significantly different betweenTTR+ andTTR-subjects. Since >50% ofTTR+ subjects were ≥ 60 years old, penetrance of CA by echocardiography among unselected V142I carriers may be lower than previously estimated. These findings indicate that surveillance for CA in individuals at increased genetic risk due to V142I should not rely solely on echocardiography, even with LS.

Due to the failure of thermodynamics for low temperature near-extremal black holes, it has long been conjectured that a "thermodynamic mass gap" exists between an extremal black hole and the lightest near-extremal state. For non-supersymmetric near-extremal black holes in Einstein gravity, with an AdS$_2$ throat, no such gap was found. Rather, at that energy scale, the spectrum exhibits a continuum of states, up to non-perturbative corrections. In this paper, we compute the partition function of near-BPS black holes in supergravity where the emergent, broken, symmetry is $PSU(1,1|2)$. To reliably compute this partition function, we show that the gravitational path integral can be reduced to that of a $\mathcal N=4$ supersymmetric extension of the Schwarzian theory, which we define and exactly quantize. In contrast to the non-supersymmetric case, we find that black holes in supergravity have a mass gap and a large extremal black hole degeneracy consistent with the Bekenstein-Hawking area. Our results verify several string theory conjectures, concerning the scale of the mass gap and the counting of extremal micro-states., 82 pages, 5 figures, V2: fixed several typos and added relevant references

Since discovery, glucagon biology has remained enigmatic. Studies have shown that glucagon may have physiological effects beyond glucose regulation by binding to its receptor (Gcgr). The potential roles of glucagon and its receptor in the crosstalk between glucose metabolism and immune function of fish remain to be investigated. In the present study, we sequenced and characterized gcgra and gcgrb in grass carp. Phylogenetic analysis showed that they were highly homologous with their counterparts in fish. The gcgra and gcgrb mRNAs were ubiquitously expressed in all the tissues examined. The gcgra mRNA was highly expressed in the liver and gcgrb was mainly expressed in the liver and brain regions of grass carp. Furthermore, the results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed that the expression levels of the two receptors were significantly increased at 12 h after treatment. In the hepatocytes, insulin inhibited gcgra and gcgrb mRNA expressions at 3−12 h and 6−12 h, respectively. While glucagon promoted their expressions at 3−12 h and 3 h, respectively. Intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased hepatic gcgra mRNA level at 6 h post treatment, and up-regulated gcgrb mRNA abundance in the liver at 24 h. In response to polyinosinic polycytidylic acid [poly (I:C)] stimuli, however, gcgra and gcgrb mRNA levels were decreased. These results suggested that glucagon receptors were affected by bacterial-like and virus-like infection beyond their roles in the glucose metabolism of grass carp.

COVID-19 infection can affect the cardiovascular system. We sought to determine if left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) is affected by COVID-19 and if this has prognostic implications. Materials & methods: Retrospective study, with LVGLS was measured in 58 COVID-19 patients. Patients discharged were compared with those who died. Results: The mean LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and LVGLS for the cohort was 52.1 and -12.9 ± 4.0%, respectively. Among 30 patients with preserved LVEF(>50%), LVGLS was -15.7 ± 2.8%, which is lower than the reference mean LVGLS for a normal, healthy population. There was no significant difference in LVGLS or LVEF when comparing patients who survived to discharge or died. Conclusion: LVGLS was reduced in COVID-19 patients, although not significantly lower in those who died compared with survivors., Lay abstract COVID-19 infection can affect the cardiovascular system including the heart muscle. Myocardial strain measures the function of the heart muscle at cell level and can pick up unusual heart function before routine measurements. Ejection fraction (how hard the heart muscle is squeezing) can be seen with our own eyes, but strain cannot and needs special techniques to see it. In this study we wanted to find out what was the strain on COVID-19 patients and if there was a relationship between strain and the outcome of the patients (if they were able to recover from COVID-19). The important finding of our study is that strain was low in all patients with COVID-19 infection regardless of routine measurements when compared with patients without the infection. However, in this study we found no correlation between the low strain and the result of the infection for the COVID-19 patients.

Trehalose is the major "blood sugar" of insects and it plays a crucial role in energy supply and as a stress protectant. The hydrolysis of trehalose occurs only under the enzymatic control of trehalase (Treh), which plays important roles in growth and development, energy supply, chitin biosynthesis, and abiotic stress responses. Previous reports have revealed that the vital hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) regulates Treh, but the detailed mechanism underlying 20E regulating Treh remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the function of HaTreh1 in Helicoverpa armigera larvae. The results showed that the transcript levels and enzymatic activity of HaTreh1 were elevated during molting and metamorphosis stages in the epidermis, midgut, and fat body, and that 20E upregulated the transcript levels of HaTreh1 through the classical nuclear receptor complex EcR-B1/USP1. HaTreh1 is a mitochondria protein. We also found that knockdown of HaTreh1 in the fifth- or sixth-instar larvae resulted in weight loss and increased mortality. Yeast two-hybrid, coimmunoprecipitation, and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pull-down experiments demonstrated that HaTreh1 bound with ATP synthase subunit alpha (HaATPs-α) and that this binding increased under 20E treatment. In addition, 20E enhanced the transcript level of HaATPs-α and ATP content. Finally, the knockdown of HaTreh1 or HaATPs-α decreased the induction effect of 20E on ATP content. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that 20E controls ATP production by up-regulating the binding of HaTreh1 to HaATPs-α in H. armigera.

Background: The relationship between cancer with body mass index has been extensively reported. However, association between urinary cancers with these risk factors remains unclear, with existing reports showing conflicting findings. The current review, therefore, sought to clarify the latter association by assessing the methodological and reporting quality of existing systematic reviews on the subject. Methods: We will screen PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant literature and subjected the resulting articles to meta-analysis. We will adopt the AMSTAR and PRISMA checklists for assessing methodological, and reporting quality, respectively. The association between BMI and different urinary cancers will be estimated by computing the pooled relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI), which will be calculated from the adjusted RR, odds ratio, or hazard ratio, and 95% CI offered in the studies. Heterogeneity between studies will be assessed with the I statistic as a measure of the proportion of total variation in estimates that is due to heterogeneity, where I values of 25%, 50%, and 75% correspond to cut-off points for low, moderate, and high degrees of heterogeneity. The random effects model will be used as the pooling method when significant heterogeneity existed and the fixed effect model will be used when no heterogeneity was observed. Possible publication bias will be tested by Begg and Egger test. Conclusion: Our evidence synthesis will provide a new commentary on the current systematic review evidence for the association between BMI and the risk of different urinary cancers. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019119459.

The human neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2 receptor (Y2R) plays essential roles in food intake, bone formation and mood regulation, and has been considered an important drug target for obesity and anxiety. However, development of drugs targeting Y2R remains challenging with no success in clinical application yet. Here, we report the crystal structure of Y2R bound to a selective antagonist JNJ-31020028 at 2.8 Å resolution. The structure reveals molecular details of the ligand-binding mode of Y2R. Combined with mutagenesis studies, the Y2R structure provides insights into key factors that define antagonistic activity of diverse antagonists. Comparison with the previously determined antagonist-bound Y1R structures identified receptor-ligand interactions that play different roles in modulating receptor activation and mediating ligand selectivity. These findings deepen our understanding about molecular mechanisms of ligand recognition and subtype specificity of NPY receptors, and would enable structure-based drug design., The human neuropeptide Y receptor Y2 (Y2R) is a drug target for the treatment of obesity and anxiety. Crystal structure of Y2R bound to a selective antagonist and accompanying mutagenesis provide insights into ligand recognition and subtype specificity of NPY receptors.

Background: The diagnostic guideline of Gaming Disorder was a new category proposed in the draft of ICD-11 by WHO’s Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse (MSD) in 2018 and its reliability and clinical utility based on Chinese population has not been studied. The purpose of this field study is to clarify the reliability, clinical utility, and culture applicability of diagnostic guidelines of gaming disorder in ICD-11, and its comparability to the diagnostic guideline in DSM-5 in China. Methods: Participants included 21 pair clinical raters which constituted of seven psychiatrists and 200 gaming players aged from 15-18 years old with different risk level of Internet addiction based on the scores of Young’s Internet Addiction Test. Each participant received a semi-structured face-to-face interview by a paired clinical raters at the same time. Then clinical raters made the diagnoses and filled the clinical utility questionnaire independently within 30 minutes after the interview through an electronic platform according to the diagnostic guidelines for gaming disorder in both ICD-11 and DSM-5. In addition, two focus groups were conducted to inform the applicability, feasibility and preference of diagnostic guidelines for gaming disorder in ICD-11 in China. Outcomes: The diagnostic consistency coefficient (kappa value) between the paired clinical raters was 0∙545( p

Imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s were synthesized and used as sensing film for the adsorption of volatile organic compounds. Based on a quartz crystal microbalance system, the sensing properties of the imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s on volatile organic compounds was assessed according to the position of imidazolium cation in the polymer chain (the main-chain or side-chain type) and the varied counterions. The results indicated that the imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s films have much higher adsorption capability on volatile organic acids than other volatile organic compounds, which is due to the strong affinity between imidazolium group and the carboxyl group. The position of imidazolium cation in the polymer chain and counterions of the imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s was found to be able to influence the selectivity and sensitivity of volatile organic acids. The main-chain imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s were shown strengthen the adsorption of propionic acid vapor, while the counter ion of dicyanamide showed the highest selectivity on volatile organic acids. Based on the quartz crystal microbalance sensing system, the imidazoliumbased poly(ionic liquid)s film was shown capable of detecting volatile organic acids with a theoretical detection limit of about 3.1 ppb and a quick recovery time less than 40 seconds. The sensing performance is also stable for repeated usage and after long-time storage.

Glucose transporter 2 (glut2) has been studied in mammals, aves, and several fish, while the comparative studies of glut2 in common carp are still lacking. In this study, glut2 was firstly isolated and characterized from the liver of common carp. The full-length cDNA of glut2 was 2351 bp with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1512 bp, encoding 503 amino acids. Alignment of glut2 amino acid sequences from different species revealed that common carp glut2 showed higher sequence identity with teleosts, and lower homology with mammals and amphibians. Tissue distribution demonstrated that glut2 mRNA level was mainly expressed in liver, foregut, and midgut. To investigate the actions of glut2 on glucose metabolism, the level of glut2 mRNA was detected after intraperitoneal injection of glucose, human insulin and glucagon (100 ng/g), respectively. Following glucose administration, glut2 gene expression was significantly upregulated at 3 h in the foregut. However, no change was found in hepatic glut2 mRNA level, indicating that glut2 may have a role in intestinal glucose uptake rather than in the liver. Following insulin treatment, the expression of glut2 was markedly downregulated at 3 h and 6 h in the liver, and at 3 h in the foregut, respectively. Furthermore, glut2 mRNA expression was unaffected by glucagon injection in the liver and foregut. These results suggested that the expression of glut2 regulated by pancreatic hormones was different. Taken together, our studies firstly revealed the structure of the glut2 gene and its potential functions in glucose metabolism of common carp.

This study aimed to evaluate whether ultrasound-guided techniques are superior compared to traditional palpation techniques in patients undergoing radial artery catheterization (RAC).Electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The relative risks (RRs) or weighted mean differences (WMDs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate the pooled effect estimates using the random effects model for categories and continuous data, respectively.A total of 19 RCTs comprising a total of 3220 individuals were selected for final analysis. The pooled RR suggested that ultrasound-guided techniques were associated with higher incidence of first attempt success than traditional palpation techniques (RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.21-1.59; P 0.001). Moreover, we noted that ultrasound-guided techniques were associated with fewer mean attempts to success (WMD, -0.80 s; 95% CI, -1.35 to -0.25; P = 0.004) and a shorter mean time to success (WMD, -41.18 s; 95% CI, -75.43 to -6.93; P = 0.018) than traditional palpation techniques. Furthermore, individuals using ultrasound-guided techniques had a reduced risk of hematoma (RR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.22-0.72; P = 0.003).This study indicated that ultrasound-guided techniques were superior compared to traditional palpation techniques for RAC in terms of efficacy and complications.

Rational design and facile synthesis of TiO2 based hybrid electrodes with hierarchical microstructure have great advantages for exploration of advanced electrodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). We design and synthesize hierarchical hollow microspheres with inner carbon skeleton supported outer TiO2–x few-layer nanosheets (C@TiO2–x). The “core–shell” C@TiO2–x microspheres exhibit relatively high specific surface area and a remarkable electric conductivity (0.264 μS cm–1). The lithium kinetics of C@TiO2–x microspheres is significantly improved due to synergistic effects of few-layer TiO2–x nanosheets and conductive carbon skeleton. The C@TiO2–x microspheres manifest an excellent reversible capacity of 323 mAh g–1, together with an ultralong cycling lifetime that the capacity shows ∼220 mAh g–1 after 1000 cycles at 1.0 C. The C@TiO2–x microspheres also deliver a relatively high performance in rate capacity (108 mAh g–1 at 20 C). When they are assembled into a hybrid lithium-ion capacitor, relatively high ...

Lepidoptera sex pheromone biosynthesis is regulated by pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN). PBAN regulates not only female sex pheromone biosynthesis but also male sex pheromone biosynthesis. Previous research has confirmed that PBAN regulates sex pheromone biosynthesis using Ca2+ as a secondary messenger in all examined species to date. However, the downstream signal of Ca2+ has remained elusive. In the present study, calcineurin A (CNA), a downstream signal of Ca2+ , was discovered in Helicoverpa armigera male hairpencil and named HaCNA. Sequence analysis demonstrated that the open reading frame of HaCNA contains 1488 nucleotides encoding 495 amino acid residues. A homology search revealed that HaCNA shares a high amino acid identity with the CNA of other insects. Developmental and spatial expression analyses revealed that the mRNA levels of HaCNA peaked at 24 h after emergence and that HaCNA expression was ubiquitous in all examined tissues. Activity analysis revealed that PBAN activates HaCNA, and a Ca2+ inhibitor, Lacl3 , attenuated the effect of PBAN by decreasing HaCNA activity. Pharmacological inhibitor and RNA interference-mediated knockdown assays revealed that both activity inhibition and decreased mRNA levels of HaCNA led to a significant decrease in the production of the male sex pheromone components [octadecanol and (Z)-11 hexadecanol)] and in the efficacy of female mating acceptance. Our results demonstrate that HaCNA acts as downstream signal of PBAN/Ca2+ and plays an important role in PBAN-induced male sex pheromone biosynthesis and female mating acceptance.

Colon cancer is the third most common malignancy and one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Neuronal pentraxin 1 (NPTX1) is associated with tumor progression in some types of tumors. However, its expression and role in colon cancer has not been yet reported. Here we observed that NPTX1 was down-regulated in colon cancer. Additionally, we explored the functional significance of NPTX1 in colon cancer. We found that over-expression of NPTX1 inhibited colon cancer cell growth by performing MTT, colony formation, Edu corporation assays, and cell cycle analysis. In vivo mouse experiments also confirmed the anti-proliferative role of NPTX1 in colon cancer. Further mechanistic study showed that over-expression of NPTX1 inhibited the expression of cyclin A2 and CDK2 in colon cancer cells, thereby regulating the Rb-E2F signaling. In summary, these findings reveal that NPTX1 suppress the colon cancer cell growth and might serve as a useful potential target for treatment of colon cancer.

The effect of microwave on reactive crystallization is investigated with magnesium carbonate as the working substance. In the experiments, magnesium carbonate is precipitated by mixing aqueous magnesium sulfate and sodium carbonate solutions in a MSMPR crystallizer located in a microwave reactor. A population balance model along with crystallization kinetics is formulated to assess the influence of microwave energy input on nucleation, growth, agglomeration and breakage during crystallization process. A general high order moment method of classes (HMMC) framework is applied to solve the model numerically. The results show that crystallization kinetics parameters, including the nucleation rate constant (kn), the growth rate constant (kg), the exponent of growth rate (g) and the collision efficiency (Ψag) change significantly due to mass transfer enhancement in microwave field. Meanwhile, the exponent of nucleation (n) and the breakage rate constant (kbr) remain constant or only change slightly. It is further discovered that the crystal suspension attenuates the microwave effect during crystallization process.

Objective: To summarize the nursing treatment of patients who underwent implantation of a blood flow diverter to treat complex intracranial aneurysms. Methods: Data from 22 patients with complex aneurysms, diagnosed at an interventional center for blood flow diverter implantation between February 2015 and February 2016, treated in the Henan Provincial People’s Hospital (Zhengzhou, China), were retrospectively analyzed. Nursing methods, including preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care, were analyzed. Results: All 22 patients underwent successful surgery, with no related complications or hospital mortality, and were cured in hospital. Conclusion: Interventional flow diverter therapy for patients with complex intracranial aneurysms is a new technology, and involves intensive care by nursing staff and appears to be a promising new treatment method. Keywords: Intracranial aneurysm, Flow diverter, Retrospective, Nursing

In this work, oxygen vacancy (OV)-rich 3D/2D BiO1-XBr/BiOCl heterostructures were prepared successfully via a simple hydrothermal treatment method. The photocatalytic degradation activities for a series of BiO1-XBr/BiOCl composites were evaluated through visible-light-driven tetracycline (TC) degradation. The result demonstrated that suitable ratio of BiO1-X Br/BiOCl (BB-60) showed significantly improved photodegradation activity. The improved photocatalytic performance was mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of 3D/2D heterojunction and OVs. The relatively small 2D BiOCl nanosheets deposit on 3D BiO 1-XBr to form 3D/2D heterostructure with more contact areas and active sites, which improve the separation of photogenerated charges. In addition, rich OVs can not only promote the separation of electron-hole pair but also improve the capability of visible light absorption for photocatalysts. The possible photocatalytic reaction mechanism of BB-60 was also revealed by active species trapping experiments. Finally, this study brought a new opportunity to rationally design OV-rich 3D/2D heterojunction for the enhanced photocatalytic ability.

Photocatalytic activity is mainly limited by recombination of photogenerated carriers and insufficient active sites, which would restrain the efficiency of photocatalytic redox reactions. Herein, 2D/0D heterojunctions of Bi2MoO6 nanosheets/BN quantum dots (BM/BNQDs) were prepared via a simple hydrothermal method, which exhibited enhanced photocatalytic performance for the tetracycline (TC) degradation under visible-light irradiation. Combing small-size BNQDs in the average diameter of ~ 5 nm with BM nanosheets displayed tremendous advantages such as rapid charge transport and sufficient active sites. Notably, the as-synthesized BNQDs acting as the photoinduced hole extractors effectively dispersed photogenerated holes and electrons, facilitating the apparent rate constant exhibited by the BM/2BNQDs catalyst 3.1 times that of pure BM. Moreover, PL and electrochemical test results indicated that the separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers were enhanced after introducing BNQDs in BM nanosheets. And this work is expected to provide design ideas and insights for the development of efficient photocatalysts based on 2D/0D nanocomposites.

Sodium (Na+) channels are the basis for action potential generation and propagation, which play a key role in the regulation of neuronal excitability. SCN3A is a gene encoding for sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha (or known as Nav1.3). This study aimed to explore SCN3A genetic variants in a cohort of childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) via whole exome sequencing. A novel SCN3A missense variant (c.A1816G, p.Ser606Gly) was identified in a patient with CAE. This variant had not been reported in both 1000G and ExAC databases. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that this variant was pathogenic and could transform the protein structure of Nav1.3. The reported phenotypes of SCN3A-related central nerve system disorders included multiple seizure types, polymicrogyria and different degrees of developmental delay/intellectual disability. The patient with p.Ser606Gly variant exhibited typical absence seizures. The MRI and CT scan results were normal, and EEG showed that 3-Hz spike-slow wave discharges. In conclusion, our findings not only broaden the pathogenic spectrum of SCN3A, but also extend the clinical phenotypes of SCN3A-related CAE.

Jiuzhaigou Valley (JZG) has been rated as World Heritage, National Nature Reserves and world-class places of interests, due to its fantastic beauty of water. In recent years, however, JZG is losing its beauty with runoff decreasing and stream drying up. An increase of evapotranspiration (ET) over the rehabilitating forest is assumed to be the main reason for runoff decreasing, however, this assumption remained untested for lack of long-term observing data. To test this assumption, a long-term field experiment was carried out from August 2013 to December 2015 in JZG over a typical secondary forest. Meteorological parameters and energy fluxes were measured by eddy covariance system, soil moisture by time-domain reflectometry probes, and ET by eddy covariance method and soil water budget. Results showed that (1) despite the limitation of high elevation, high atmospheric humidity and low annual air temperature, annual ET was quite large. It was 700 mm and 739 mm, respectively for 2014 and 2015, while the corresponding precipitation (P) was 1003 mm and 782 mm. ET/P was close or over 1, which meant that P was mostly used for forest ET and only a very small proportion of P contributed to runoff. (2) The ratio of latent heat flux (LE) to net radiation (Rn) was 0.69 and 0.75 in the growing season of 2014 and 2015, respectively. These high LE/Rn ratio values were considerably higher in JZG than in other areas of the Tibetan Plateau, which could be attributed to better forest rehabilitation in JZG. Our results also showed that ET at the forest site was limited by available energy. We conclude that ET in JZG was energy-limited, whereas forest ET consumed most precipitation. (3) The above assumption is verified to be true. The high ET rate after forest rehabilitation in JZG comes at a cost of decreasing runoff and leads to streams drying up. These results will be useful for sustainable managements of water and forest in JZG.

Background Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture involves needling of the Neiguan (PC6), Renzhong (DU26), and Sanyinjiao (SP6) acupoints. The technique has a significant clinical effect in many neurological diseases. In the present report, we have developed a protocol for a scientific trial to analyze whether Xingnao Kaiqiao can be used to treat gastrointestinal dysfunction after laparoscopic surgery. In this context, we intend to execute a double-blind, randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture via intradermal needling. Methods/design This will be a single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. It has been designed on the basis of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT 2010) guidelines and the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA). The subjects will be recruited from among inpatients scheduled for laparoscopic surgery at the Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China. Using random numbers generated in SPSS 19.0, the recruited subjects will be allocated to either the “Xingnao Kaiqiao” group or the sham stimulation group. A specially appointed investigator will be in charge of the randomization. Xingnao Kaiqiao via intradermal needling (or sham needling) will be administered 6 h after laparoscopic surgery, and then every 12 h for a total of six sessions, each of which will last 3 min. The subjects will undergo their first evaluation shortly before the first treatment (6 h after laparoscopic surgery); evaluations will be repeated every 12 h until a total of seven evaluations have been completed. The primary outcome will be the time until the first postoperative flatus. The secondary outcomes will be: the time until the first postoperative defecation; levels of abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and nausea; blood ghrelin level; occurrence of vomiting; psychological status; and quality of life. Discussion This upcoming randomized clinical trial was designed as a standardized method to assess the efficacy and safety of Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture using intradermal needles on PC6, DU26, and SP6 in the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction after laparoscopic surgery. We aim to provide evidence and thus improve the clinical application of this technique. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-IOR-17010763. Registered on 2 March 2017. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2319-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Generally, Z-scheme heterojunctions with outstanding photocatalytic capacity require electron mediators to boost electrons transfer. But traditional electron mediators generally cause the reduction of visible-light absorption ability, weak durability of photocatalyst, and various backward reactions between semiconductor photocatalyst and redox mediator. Therefore, exploring an appropriate electron transfer mediator for the Z-scheme heterojunction is very desirable. In this study, we dedicatedly designed and prepared oxygen vacancies (OVs) mediated 3D/2D Z-scheme BiO1−XBr/Fe2O3 (BF) composites via a facile hydrothermal process. Notably, introducing rich OVs could enhance the visible-light response and TC adsorption capability of photocatalysts. What's more, the rich OVs could act as the electron mediators of Z-scheme system by capturing photoinduced electrons. These results of transient photocurrent analysis, EIS, and PL demonstrated that introducing rich OVs and constructing 3D/2D Z-scheme heterostructure on BF composites could promote charge separation. The photocatalytic performance of prepared samples was evaluated by tetracycline (TC) removal. And the result demonstrated that the photocatalyst with stronger adsorption capacity showed stronger photodegradation ability. The BF composite with optimal ratio (BF-30) showed the most outstanding ability of TC removal, which were benefited mainly from the synergistic effect of 3D/2D Z-scheme heterojunction and OVs. The possible photocatalytic reaction mechanism of BF(30) was also revealed by active species capture experiments. The present study brought a new opportunity to rationally design OV-rich 3D/2D Z-scheme heterojunction for the enhanced photocatalytic ability.

Due to the low density of sulfur and the large portion of carbon-based materials used as conducting network and lithium polysulfide (LiPS) host, the practical volumetric energy density of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries barely rivals the Li-ion batteries. Here, MXene (Ti3C2Tx)-based membrane with unique 3D hierarchical structure, high electronic conductivity, abundent active binding sites, fast ion transport, and high affinity for lithium polysulfides has been developed as a new host material to improve the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries. With a density of 2.2 g cm−3, a MXene-based cathode containing 4.0 mg cm−2 sulfur delivers a high volumetric capacity of 2.7 Ah cm−3 after 200 cycles. Based on operando XRD and ex-situ XPS results, we find that the Ti-OH bonds present on the surface of MXene membrane can effectively trigger the LiPS transformation. Furthermore, α-S8, as the stable charge product, is first reported in MXene-based host along with its possible important role in curtailing active mass loss and enhancing cycling capability. Our results reveal that 2D MXene with rationally-designed architecture enable high volumetric capacity Li-S batteries for practical applications.

As the first step of the crystallization process, nucleation has always been a hot spot in the industry to track research, and it can provide people with new ideas for a better understanding of the crystallization process. In order to explore the nucleation behavior of nicotinic acid (NA) during the cooling crystallization process, we used the polythermal method to measure the metastable zone widths (MSZWs) of NA in ethanol. By analyzing Nývlt’s model, we find that the cooling rate and MSZW follow a reasonable linear relationship and calculate a nucleation order m

Landfill leachate is characterized by complex composition and difficult degradation. In this paper, we compared the effects of advanced treatment of ultraviolet (UV) system, persulfate (PS) system and ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) system on landfill leachate. The results showed that the UV/PS system had the best removal efficiency. When the initial concentration of humic acid was 200 mg/L, the dosing of PS was 25 mmol/L, and the initial pH was 4, the maximum removal rates of UV254 and TOC were 89.62% and 76.17%. Namely, the value of SUVA254 decreased to 7.6603 L/(m ⋅ mg). It follows that the UV/PS system is effective in the removal of humic acid in the landfill leachate. In addition, this paper investigated the effects of temperature, initial pH and dosing ratio of chemicals on the treatment of leachate by UV/PS system. It was found that the optimal process conditions were 35 °C, pH = 4, dosing ratio = 2, and 24 h of operation. Under these conditions, the maximum removal rates of COD and TOC were 82.64% and 66.69%. The removal capacity of the system was in accordance with the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. Therefore, this paper can provide a reference for the advanced treatment of landfill leachate.

Above-ground biomass (AGB) is an essential indicator for assessing ecosystem health and carbon storage in desert shrub-related research. Above-ground volume (AGV) of vegetation is a crucial parameter to estimate the AGB. In unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing, the AGV and AGB are mainly estimated by vegetation feature metrics (for example, spectral indices, textural, and structural metrics). However, there is limited study on the AGV and AGB estimation in desert shrub communities by using UAV, and it is difficult to determine the contribution of these metrics to AGV models under eliminating the influence of background factors. Taking a typical desert shrub area in Inner Mongolia, China as an example, this study develops an improved approach to extracted three types of feature metrics simultaneously using UAV RGB (Red, Green, Blue) images. First, digital orthophoto map (DOM) and digital surface model (DSM) were created through the photogrammetric procedure based on UAV RGB images. Second, the digital terrain model (DTM) for canopy height calculation was generated based on DOM and DSM by object-oriented image binary classification and ground elevation interpolation. Here, we recommended the ENVI Landsat Gap-fill tool to interpolate the ground elevation of vegetation areas. Meanwhile, 21 spectral indices, eight textural metrics, and five structural metrics were extracted. Finally, single-variable and multi-variable commonly used regression models were established based on these metrics and measured AGV with a leave-one-out cross-validation. Results showed that: (1) in the proposed model, the contribution of structural, textural, and spectral metric to shrub AGV models was 86.68, 7.08, and 6.24%, respectively. (2) The horizontal and vertical structural metrics, textural metrics, or spectral indices reflected the one-dimensional change of AGV, which had a saturation effect. (3) The canopy volume, combining the horizontal and vertical characteristics of vegetation canopy, could describe the overall change of AGV and played the most essential role in AGV modelling (R2 = 0.928, relative RMSE = 26.8%). The study findings provide a direct reference in determining suitable vegetation feature metrics for monitoring shrub AGV. The proposed approach for DTM generation and AGV estimation is more efficient, accurate and low-cost than before, and it can be a useful bridge between ground-based investigation and satellite remote sensing.

Background Primary dysmenorrhoea (PD), defined as painful menses in women with normal pelvic anatomy, is one of the most common gynaecological syndromes. Acupoint-stimulation could potentially be an effective intervention for PD. Our aim was to determine the effectiveness of acupoint-stimulation compared with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NASIDs) in the treatment of PD. Methods Six databases were searched to December 2014. Sixteen studies involving 1679 PD patients were included. We included randomized controlled trials that compared acupoint-stimulation with NASIDs for the treatment of PD. The main outcomes assessed were clinical effectiveness rate, symptom score, visual analogue score, variation in peripheral blood prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and side effects. All analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis statistical software. Results (1) The total efficacy was better than control group: odds ratio = 5.57; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 3.96, 7.83; P

Recent advances in neuroendocrinology and immunology have provided an entry to understand acupuncture. Here, we highlight these progresses and use endometriosis as an example to provide a perspective in how to effectively engage acupuncture into modern biomedicine. Endometriosis is a common chronic inflammatory disease in which endometrial tissue progressively grows outside the uterine cavity and into the pelvic region, including the fallopian tubes and ovaries. Also, estrogen promotes the endometriosis progression through on-site inflammation. Current treatments for endometriosis involve hormonal therapy and surgical procedures, however, they both may induce several side effects. Several studies have shown that the administration of exogenous dopamine agonists can significantly suppress endometriosis progression. Acupuncture is multivalent in which it can simultaneously stimulate the secretion of endogenous dopamine to modulate the GnRH neuroendocrine pathway in CNS and the COX-2 inflammatory pathway in PNS. Hence, acupuncture can smoothly manage endometriosis without the side effects of exogenous dopamine. The endometriosis management by acupuncture provides us an example of how to incorporate acupuncture into current biomedical systems. Acupuncture may provide a convenient, physiological method to regulate the neuroendocrine system in an integrative, systematic means.

The development of new non-mercury based catalysts for the vinyl chloride industrial production has attracted recently the attention of many researchers. In spite of the good activity of Au-based supported catalysts reported so far, the high cost of gold impedes future use of such catalysts. In the present work, an environmentally friendly non-precious transition metal coordinated N-doped carbon material as a catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination reaction was developed, which shows good catalytic performance. The catalyst was characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (TEM-EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The obtained results indicated that Co-N-AC catalyst can significantly improve the adsorption of HCl. And XPS result demonstrated the presence of Co-N x , which plays a major role in acetylene hydrochlorination reaction.

Ilmenite-type MTiO3 (M = Ni, Co, Fe) with high theoretical specific capacity, wide availability, and low cost is a potential anode material for lithium storage, but its poor cycling stability is fatal. Here, we propose a general material design strategy to encapsulate MTiO3 nanorods with in situ grown few-layer graphene through a facile plasma-enhanced CVD route for stable lithium storage. Under the reductive plasma-enhanced CVD atmosphere, partially reduced Ni served as a self-catalysis substrate for in situ graphene growth, resulting in the perfect encapsulation of NiTiO3 nanorods with few-layer graphene. The graphene coating helps to retain the electrical connectivity during cycling, which is beneficial for better cycling performance and rate capability. Stable cycling (500 cycles at 0.2 A g–1; 83% capacity retention) is achieved with the NiTiO3@graphene nanorods.

A compartmental model is formulated to assess the influence of fluid dynamics on the gas–liquid precipitation of CO2(g)-Ca(OH)2(aq) system in a stirred tank reactor. The model combines the description of the flow field with several sub-models, namely gas to liquid mass transfer, chemical reaction, precipitation, and population balance for both gas bubbles and solid crystals. The modeling predictions, including the average volumetric mass transfer coefficient, the concentration of calcium ions, the pH of the solution and the Sauter mean diameter of the final crystal products are eventually compared with measurements carried out on a pilot-scale stirred tank. The results show that the local volumetric mass transfer rate and the final particle sizes distribution of the crystals are significantly affected by high local turbulence near the impeller. The local information simulated by the compartmental model, such as mass transfer rate, gas hold up and particle size of crystals and bubbles are important for the design and scaling of gas–liquid precipitators, with a computational time which is of several orders of magnitude faster than a full CFD computation. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 378–386, 2017

Ultralight graphene foams have recently attracted attention due to their unique properties and applications, but few analogues of metal oxides possible to prepare. Here, a new monolith of three-dimensional titania has been prepared for the first time by a simple lyophilization treatment of exfoliated titanate nanosheets in colloidal suspension. The robust and shape-formable foam is of a density as low as 5 mg cm−3. It possesses a porous layered architecture, large interlayer spacing, and large and negatively charged specific surface area, which exhibits excellent hygroscopicity and capacity for metal cation adsorption. In both mechanical compression and heavy metal ion absorption from water, it demonstrates remarkable recyclability and fast kinetics, capable of full recovery and repeated operation. Significantly outperforming all other inorganic sorbents, it may find applications in decontamination/enrichment/recovery of toxic, radioactive and valuable metal ions.

ZrO 2 particles with different microstructure have been fabricated through an easy method with chitosan of different molecular weights as template. The chitosan of different molecular weights was obtained through synergistic degradation of raw chitosan by α-amylase and H 2 O 2 using microwave hydrothermal method in low concentration acetic acid (1% V / V ). The as-synthesized ZrO 2 particles were characterized by wide-angle powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and N 2 adsorption⿿desorption. The possible formation mechanism of ZrO 2 particles with different microstructure has been proposed, and the photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized products was assessed by monitoring the photodegradation of Rhodamine B (Rh B) under UV irradiation. Morphologies of as-synthesized ZrO 2 particles changed significantly with the different molecular weight of chitosan. As the molecular weight of chitosan decreased, the morphologies of as-synthesized ZrO 2 particles showed aggregate, nano-cubes, and nano-sheets, respectively. The ZrO 2 particles prepared with lower molecular weight chitosan as the template showed higher photocatalytic activity. The degradation efficiency of ZrO 2 with 3.1 y 10 7 and 2.4 y 10 4 Da chitosan as template was 64.4% and 86.2%, respectively.

Endometriosis has many hypothesized etiologies. Known risk factors include genetic predisposition, uterine outflow abnormalities, and iatrogenic causes. Of increasing concern is prenatal environmental exposures. However, the findings of studies investigating the relationships between prenatal environmental exposures and the development of endometriosis have not always been conclusive, and therefore, the relationships are debatable. This review presents a summary and analysis of the current studies that investigated the effects of prenatal environmental exposures on the development of endometriosis in female offspring. Prenatal exposureto estrogenic substances (such as ethinyl estradiol and diethylstilbestrol) and environmental toxins (such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyls, and bisphenol A) may increase the incidence of endometriosis in female offspring. However, exposure to cigarette smoke may protect againstthe development of endometriosis in female offspring mainly because of its antiestrogenic effects. Certain prenatal environmental exposures might result in the development of endometriosis in female offspring. In addition to known environmental exposures that predispose the development of endometriosis in adulthood, such as dioxin and radiation exposure (animal modeis), prenatal exposures are of increasing concern.

Black TiO2 with various nanostructures and phase constitutions have been reported to exhibit excellent photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. Here, we report the fabrication of black nanostructured TiO2 B through hydrogen plasma assisted reduction and its enhanced PEC properties for the first time. Both the obtained TiO2 B and black TiO2 B are single crystalline nanowires, while the black TiO2 B samples exhibit much stronger visible and infrared light absorption. The optimal black TiO2 B sample obtained by hydrogen plasma treatment at 425 °C yields a photocurrent density of 0.85 mA cm−2, a rather low onset potential of −0.937 VAg/AgCl and a high applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE) of 0.363%, which is far superior to the TiO2 B (0.15 mA cm−2 photocurrent, −0.917 VAg/AgCl onset potential and 0.138% ABPE). The significantly enhanced PEC performance of the black TiO2 B is ascribed to the introduction of moderate surface oxygen vacancies. These results indicate that the black TiO2 B is a promising material for PEC application and solar energy utilization.

This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of oxcarbazepine and lamotrigine combined with escitalopram in treating patients with epilepsy and depressive disorder, and their influence on the prognostic quality of life. A total of 108 patients with epilepsy and depression were selected as research participants. Among them, 53 patients were treated by oxcarbazepine combined with escitalopram (group A) and 55 patients were treated by lamotrigine combined with escitalopram (group B). Following six-month treatment, efficacy, epilepsy frequency and duration, Hamilton Depression Rating (HAMD) and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating (MADRS) scores, adverse reactions, improvement of electroencephalogram (EEG) epileptic discharge, quality of life, 1-year drug retention rate and withdrawal reasons of the two groups were compared. There was no remarkable difference in the total efficacy rate between both groups. The number and duration of epileptic seizures, improvement of EEG epileptic discharge and quality of life in the two groups significantly improved after treatment, with no marked difference. HAMD and MADRS scores of patients from group B were significantly lower after treatment compared with those of patients from group A. The incidence rate of adverse reactions in group B was dramatically lower compared with group A, and the 1-year drug retention rate of group B was dramatically higher compared with that in group A. Both oxcarbazepine and lamotrigine combined with escitalopram exhibited good efficacy in patients with epilepsy and depressive disorder, and they may effectively improve the prognostic quality of life of patients. Lamotrigine combined with escitalopram presented with a better antidepressant effect and safety, with higher patient tolerance.

With the many-body expansion method, an accurate global potential energy surface (PES) is constructed for SiH

Objective To investigate the role of CD161

Wearable electrochemical biosensors for sweat analysis present a promising means for noninvasive biomarker monitoring. However, sweat-based sensing still poses several challenges, including easy degradation of enzymes and biomaterials with repeated testing, limited detection range and sensitivity of enzyme-based biosensors caused by oxygen deficiency in sweat, and poor shelf life of sensors using all-in-one working electrodes patterned by traditional techniques (e.g., electrodeposition and screen printing). Herein, a stretchable, wearable, and modular multifunctional biosensor is developed, incorporating a novel MXene/Prussian blue (Ti3 C2 Tx /PB) composite designed for durable and sensitive detection of biomarkers (e.g., glucose and lactate) in sweat. A unique modular design enables a simple exchange of the specific sensing electrode to target the desired analytes. Furthermore, an implemented solid-liquid-air three-phase interface design leads to superior sensor performance and stability. Typical electrochemical sensitivities of 35.3 µA mm-1 cm-2 for glucose and 11.4 µA mm-1 cm-2 for lactate are achieved using artificial sweat. During in vitro perspiration monitoring of human subjects, the physiochemistry signals (glucose and lactate level) can be measured simultaneously with high sensitivity and good repeatability. This approach represents an important step toward the realization of ultrasensitive enzymatic wearable biosensors for personalized health monitoring.

We study a large $N$ tensor model with $O(N)^3$ symmetry containing two flavors of Majorana fermions, $\psi_1^{abc}$ and $\psi_2^{abc}$. We also study its random counterpart consisting of two coupled Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev models, each one containing $N_{\rm SYK}$ Majorana fermions. In these models we assume tetrahedral quartic Hamiltonians which depend on a real coupling parameter $\alpha$. We find a duality relation between two Hamiltonians with different values of $\alpha$, which allows us to restrict the model to the range of $-1\leq \alpha\leq 1/3$. The scaling dimension of the fermion number operator $Q=i\psi_1^{abc} \psi_2^{abc}$ is complex and of the form $1/2 +i f(\alpha)$ in the range $-1\leq \alpha, Comment: 37 pages, v2: some improvements, references added. v3: added a discussion of separation of spectra into sectors and an Appendix on zero-energy states. The version to appear in Physical Review X

Objective. To comprehensively compare the effects of conventional therapy combined with intravenous vitamin C and conventional therapy on viral myocarditis in children through a meta-analysis. Methods. Relevant articles including clinical trials of normal treatment combined with intravenous vitamin C and conventional therapy for viral myocarditis in children that were published between January 2000 and February 2018 were selected from PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and WANFANG database. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane systematic review method (version 5.1.0); data quality was evaluated by two independent researchers. The total effective rate; LDH, CK, and CK-MB levels; and other indicators were analyzed using Rev Man 5.3 software. Results. Eight studies were eligible for this meta-analysis, which included a total of 426 patients in the treatment group and 363 patients in the control group. The meta-analysis results of six studies showed that the total effective rate of intravenous vitamin C combined with conventional therapy was higher than that of conventional therapy alone [Z = 5.46, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21 (1.13 to 1.30), P < 0.00001]; that of five studies showed that LDH levels were lower in children receiving intravenous vitamin C combined with conventional therapy than in those receiving conventional therapy alone [Z = 3.70, 95% CI: −1.88 (−2.88 to −0.88), P = 0.0002]; that of three studies showed that CK levels were lower in children receiving intravenous vitamin C combined with conventional therapy than in those receiving conventional therapy alone [Z = 4.21, 95% CI: −0.55 (−0.81 to −0.30), P < 0.0001]; that of four studies showed that CK-MB levels were lower in children receiving intravenous vitamin C combined with conventional therapy than in those receiving conventional therapy alone [Z = 13.64, 95% CI: −1.44 (−1.65 to −1.24), P < 0.00001]; that of two studies showed that CD3 levels were higher in children receiving intravenous vitamin C combined with conventional therapy than in those receiving conventional therapy alone [Z = 2.45, 95% CI: 0.41 (0.08–0.73), P = 0.01]; that of two studies showed no significant difference in changes in CD4 levels between children receiving intravenous vitamin C combined with conventional therapy and those receiving conventional therapy alone [Z = 0.28, 95% CI: −0.21 (−1.69 to 1.28), P = 0.78]; and that of two studies showed no significant difference in changes in CD4/CD8 between children receiving intravenous vitamin C combined with conventional therapy and those receiving conventional therapy alone [Z = 0.07, 95% CI: −0.03 (−0.73 to 0.67), P = 0.94]. Conclusion. The meta-analysis results showed that intravenous vitamin C combined with conventional therapy is better than the simple, conventional therapy for the treatment of viral myocarditis in children in terms of the total effective rate and LDH, CK, and CK-MB levels.

The quantum dynamics calculations of O+ + H2 (vi = 0, ji = 0) → OH+ + H reaction have been performed using a Chebyshev wave packet method on a new potential energy surface constructed by Song et al. [Y.Z. Song et al., Chin. Phys. B 24, 063101 (2015)]. The reaction probabilities of partial wave J = 0–80 are calculated explicitly with the centrifugal sudden (CS) and Coriolis coupling (CC) calculations. The comparison between the CC and the corresponding CS results indicates that neglecting the Coriolis coupling will lead to the underestimation of the reaction probability. The comparison of theoretical integral cross sections (ICS) with the experimental results in the collision energy range of 0.0–1.0 eV indicates that the calculated values in this work agree well with the experimental data and other theoretical results, showing the reasonability of PES and dynamic calculations. The obtained ICSs are used to calculate the rate constants in the temperature range of 0–2000 K, and the results at room temperature reasonably agree with the experimental data.